Efficient multi-character synchronous breeding method for donkeys

Abstract

The invention relates to an efficient multi-character synchronous breeding method for donkeys, which is applied to the field of breeding, and comprises the following steps: selecting a plurality of target characters, and carrying out gene detection and screening, so as to synchronously improve the plurality of characters of the donkeys, and optimizing a breeding scheme by tracking offspring, so that the breeding efficiency is effectively improved, and the breeding cost is reduced. In addition, by tracking and monitoring the offspring donkeys, interference of breeding environment and other germ infection on research of multiple characters of the offspring donkeys is eliminated, the characteristic that the heads of the donkeys wobble when the donkeys get ill is utilized, the conductive touch pressing balls wobble along with the ears, and therefore the breeding period is shortened, and the market demand can be better met. In the process, whether the donkeys get sick or not is judged by analyzing current changes, early warning is sent to workers, the donkeys are checked and confirmed in time, and the survival rate of the offspring donkeys is effectively increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a high-efficiency multi-trait synchronous breeding method for donkeys, and in particular to a high-efficiency multi-trait synchronous breeding method for donkeys applied in the breeding field. Background Art

[0002] Multi-trait selection refers to a method of selecting by considering multiple traits at the same time during the breeding process. This method is widely used in the fields of genetics and population quantitative genetics, and aims to improve breeding results by comprehensively considering the performance of multiple traits. At present, most donkey breeding methods still rely on natural mating and artificial selection, which makes it difficult to obtain high-quality donkeys with multiple shapes and difficult to meet market demand.

[0003] In order to solve the problem of breeding donkeys with multiple traits, a breeding method in the market adopts the design of gene combination and has a certain market share.

[0004] The Chinese patent CN118879884A specification discloses a group of SNP sites for rapid identification of Hotan blue donkeys, Turpan donkeys and Xinjiang donkeys. Based on resequencing data, the invention conducts genome-wide association analysis on 102 individuals of three different breeds of Hotan blue donkeys, Turpan donkeys and Xinjiang donkeys, and screens out 10 specific SNP sites. The SNP sites can be used for the breed identification of Hotan blue donkeys, Turpan donkeys and Xinjiang donkeys, with identification accuracy rates of 100%, 100% and 93.33% respectively. The invention has important contribution significance in the genetic breeding and breed identification of Xinjiang local donkey breeds.

[0005] The specification of Chinese patent CN117637022B discloses mitochondrial haplogroups related to the height trait of donkeys and their identification methods and applications. The mitochondrial haplogroups of the invention include HG_1 and HG_2. Mitochondrial haplogroups HG_1 and HG_2 contain mitochondrial haplotypes H_1 to H_19. The invention is based on mitochondrial genome sequencing of a large population of Texas donkeys, identifies mitochondrial polymorphic sites, and performs haplotype typing and haplogroup division. The height development potential of Texas donkeys is analyzed based on the haplogroup results, and the height trait of Texas donkeys is identified at an early stage. The method is simple and fast, with low economic cost, and is suitable for single individual and large group testing. It can also screen Texas donkey individuals clustered to haplogroup HG_1 in the early stage of growth for breeding, effectively improving the height trait of offspring breeds, improving breeding efficiency, shortening the breeding cycle, and accelerating the breeding process of Texas donkey growth traits. The existing breeding method is to obtain excellent traits through gene testing, but it is difficult to obtain multiple trait targets, the workload required is huge, the work efficiency is low, and it is also impossible to track and monitor the growth of future donkeys. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to efficiently obtain multiple trait targets of donkeys.

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for efficient multi-trait synchronous breeding of donkeys, comprising the following breeding steps: S1. Determination of traits: First determine the traits that need to be improved, such as body shape, reproductive ability, disease resistance, meat quality, endurance, etc., and set corresponding breeding target values ​​for each trait; S2. Molecular marker screening: using genome sequencing technology to analyze the genome of the donkey and screen molecular markers related to the breeding target value; S3. Genotyping analysis: Conduct genotyping analysis on candidate donkeys to determine whether they carry favorable alleles associated with the target trait; S4. Comprehensive scoring: Based on the results of the donkey genotype analysis, the phenotypic data of the candidate donkeys, such as weight, body size, and breeding records, are recorded, and a comprehensive scoring model is established in combination with other phenotypic data to give a comprehensive score to each donkey. The scoring criteria include the phenotypic value and genotypic value of the target trait; S5. Breeding decision: According to the comprehensive scoring results, the donkey with the highest score is selected as the breeding donkey for breeding. In the breeding process, the breeding donkey with complementary genotype is given priority to achieve the simultaneous improvement of multiple traits. It should be noted that after the breeding donkey is selected, in order to distinguish each breeding donkey, an information identification plate is fixed on the donkey's ear, and the information identification plate is entered into the back-end breeding record management system; S6. Offspring tracking: Track and monitor the offspring, evaluate their performance, and adjust the breeding strategy based on their actual performance. Also, place information tags on the ears of the offspring and connect them to the information tags on the breeding donkeys. Among them, the information identification plate includes a mother plate installed on the breeding donkey and a daughter plate installed on the offspring. The breeding record management system includes a breeding donkey information recording module, a breeding record module and an offspring information recording module. The offspring information recording module includes a birth information recording unit, a growth record unit and a health warning unit.

[0008] In the above-mentioned efficient multi-trait simultaneous breeding method for donkeys, the efficiency of breeding can be effectively improved by first determining the target traits and then conducting targeted gene screening. The survival rate of offspring donkeys can also be effectively improved by tracking and monitoring offspring donkeys with tags, effectively avoiding the interference of the breeding environment on the survival of offspring donkeys.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present application, the structures of the mother card and the daughter card are the same, the daughter card includes a card body and a card cover, the side wall of the card body is fixedly connected with a connecting plug, and the inner wall of the card cover is provided with a card slot matching the connecting plug, the inner wall of the card slot is provided with a plurality of equally spaced limiting slide grooves, and the inner wall of each limiting slide groove is slidably connected with a magnetic clamp, and a plurality of symmetrically distributed elastic wires are also fixedly connected between the magnetic clamp and the inner wall of the limiting slide groove, the side wall of the card cover away from the connecting plug is fixedly inlaid with a guide disk, and the inner wall of the card cover is fixedly inlaid with a plurality of magnetic rods connected to the guide disk, one end of the magnetic rod away from the guide disk extends into the limiting slide groove, and the magnetic rod is flush with the inner surface of the limiting slide groove, and identity is identified by hanging the mother and child cards on the breeding donkey and the offspring donkey, which is convenient for the staff to observe and monitor the growth of the donkey, the mother and child cards are installed on the donkey's ear by using the clamping connection between the connecting plug and the card cover, and the breeding donkey and the offspring donkey are centrally managed by using the counterweight record management system, which is convenient for the staff to view and analyze and study.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present application, the method for installing the sub-sign comprises the following steps: A1. First, use a hole puncher to make installation holes on the donkey's ears, and then disinfect the donkey's ears and the sub-brand; A2. Then let the card body face the outside of the donkey's ear, then put the connecting plug through the installation hole, take out the card cover and buckle it on the connecting plug, press hard to make the connecting plug and the card cover snap together, so that the installation of the sub-card is completed; A3. When removing the sub-card, take a magnet with opposite magnetic properties to the magnetic card head, stick the magnet on the guide disk, and use the magnetic attraction to suck the magnetic card head into the limit slide slot, so as to separate the connecting plug from the card cover.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present application, a spherical mounting groove is further provided on the inner wall of the sign body, and a spherical capacitor is fixedly embedded on the inner wall of the spherical mounting groove, a suspended conductive touch-pressure ball is placed inside the spherical mounting groove, and the space between the conductive touch-pressure ball and the spherical mounting groove is filled with insulating liquid, the sign body also includes a current change monitoring unit, a current change frequency analysis unit and an early warning sending unit electrically connected to the spherical capacitor, and the early warning sending unit is electrically connected to the health early warning unit. During the growth of offspring donkeys, the breeding environment and infection by other pathogens will affect the survival of offspring donkeys. Therefore, in order to improve the survival rate of offspring donkeys, this part of the structure is used to monitor the health status of the donkeys. When the donkey is sick, it will shake its head due to discomfort. This feature is used to monitor whether the offspring donkeys are troubled by the disease. When the donkey shakes its head, it will drive the sign body to shake, and the conductive touch-pressure ball inside the sign body will shake in the spherical mounting groove and hit the spherical capacitor. Capacitance, based on the principle of touch-pressure capacitance, the conductive touch-pressure ball will cause a change in capacitance after touching the spherical capacitor. Therefore, the current change monitoring unit is used to monitor the current situation when the capacitance changes, and record the frequency of current changes per unit time. The current change frequency analysis unit analyzes and studies the current change frequency. If the current change frequency per unit time is low and the change interval period is long, it means that the donkey is just having normal work and rest activities, which means that the donkey is healthy. If the current change frequency per unit time is high and the change interval period is short, it means that the donkey may be infected with certain diseases and has health problems. At this time, the current change frequency analysis unit will send a signal to the early warning sending unit, which in turn triggers the health early warning unit. The health early warning unit sends an alarm to the staff, allowing the staff to check the monitored donkey in time to determine whether it is sick, so as to facilitate timely treatment, thereby effectively improving the survival rate of future donkeys.

[0012] As another improvement of the present application, a signal light is also installed on the side wall of the sign body, and the signal light is electrically connected to the health warning unit. When the health warning unit sounds an alarm, the signal light is also lit, so that the staff can find the target donkey as soon as possible when they go to the scene to check the donkey, effectively improving work efficiency.

[0013] As another improvement of the present application, the connecting plug includes a truncated cone-shaped plug plugged into the card slot, and two plug rods of different sizes are fixedly connected between the truncated cone-shaped plug and the card body. The card body, the card cover and the connecting plug are all made of high-strength sterile plastic material. The two magnetic clamps connect the card body and the card cover by clamping the connecting plug. In order to avoid infection and inflammation of the mounting holes on the donkey's ears, the card body, the card cover and the connecting plug are all made of sterile materials.

[0014] In summary, by selecting multiple target traits and conducting genetic testing and screening, multiple traits of donkeys can be improved simultaneously, and the breeding plan can be optimized by tracking the offspring, which effectively improves the breeding efficiency, shortens the breeding cycle, and can better meet market demand. In addition, by tracking and monitoring the offspring donkeys, the interference of the breeding environment and other pathogens on the research of multiple traits of offspring donkeys is eliminated. By utilizing the characteristic that donkeys shake their heads when they are sick, the conductive touch ball is allowed to shake with the ears. In this process, the change in current is analyzed to determine whether the donkey is sick, and an early warning is issued to the staff, so that the donkey is checked and confirmed in time, which effectively improves the survival rate of offspring donkeys. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the breeding method of the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the sub-sign before installation according to the second embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the sub-sign installed according to the second embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 This is a front cross-sectional view of the sub-sign before installation according to the second embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 This is a front cross-sectional view of the sub-sign installed in the second embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 This is a front cross-sectional view of the sub-sign after installation according to the second embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 This is a partial structural diagram of the conductive touch-pressure ball of the second embodiment of the present application before the donkey shakes its head; Figure 8 This is a partial structural diagram of the conductive touch-pressure ball according to the second embodiment of the present application after the donkey shakes its head.

[0016] Description of the numbers in the figure: 1 card body, 2 card cover, 201 card slot, 202 limit slide, 3 connecting plug, 4 magnetic disk, 5 magnetic rod, 6 magnetic clamp, 7 elastic wire, 8 spherical capacitor, 9 conductive touch ball, 10 insulating liquid, 11 indicator light. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] Two implementation modes of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] The first implementation method: Figure 1 The breeding steps include: S1. Determination of traits: First determine the traits that need to be improved, such as body shape, reproductive ability, disease resistance, meat quality, endurance, etc., and set corresponding breeding target values ​​for each trait; S2. Molecular marker screening: using genome sequencing technology to analyze the genome of the donkey and screen molecular markers related to the breeding target value; S3. Genotyping analysis: Conduct genotyping analysis on candidate donkeys to determine whether they carry favorable alleles associated with the target trait; S4. Comprehensive scoring: Based on the results of the donkey genotype analysis, the phenotypic data of the candidate donkeys, such as weight, body size, and breeding records, are recorded, and a comprehensive scoring model is established in combination with other phenotypic data to give a comprehensive score to each donkey. The scoring criteria include the phenotypic value and genotypic value of the target trait; S5. Breeding decision: According to the comprehensive scoring results, the donkey with the highest score is selected as the breeding donkey for breeding. In the breeding process, the breeding donkey with complementary genotype is given priority to achieve the simultaneous improvement of multiple traits. It should be noted that after the breeding donkey is selected, in order to distinguish each breeding donkey, an information identification plate is fixed on the donkey's ear, and the information identification plate is entered into the back-end breeding record management system; S6. Offspring tracking: Track and monitor the offspring, evaluate their performance, and adjust the breeding strategy based on their actual performance. Also, place information tags on the ears of the offspring and connect them to the information tags on the breeding donkeys. Among them, the information identification plate includes a mother plate installed on the breeding donkey and a daughter plate installed on the offspring. The breeding record management system includes a breeding donkey information recording module, a breeding record module and an offspring information recording module. The offspring information recording module includes a birth information recording unit, a growth recording unit and a health warning unit. The connection relationship between these modules is a well-known technology to technical personnel in the relevant field and will not be described in detail here.

[0019] The second implementation method: Figure 2 , 3 and Figure 4As shown, the structure of the mother card and the sub-card is the same, the sub-card includes a card body 1 and a card cover 2, the side wall of the card body 1 is fixedly connected with a connecting plug 3, the connecting plug 3 includes a truncated cone-shaped plug plugged with a card slot 201, and two plug rods of different sizes are fixedly connected between the truncated cone-shaped plug and the card body 1, the card body 1, the card cover 2 and the connecting plug 3 are all made of high-strength sterile plastic material, and the two magnetic clamps 6 connect the card body 1 and the card cover 2 by clamping the connecting plug 3, and in order to avoid infection and inflammation of the mounting hole on the donkey's ear, the card body 1, the card cover 2 and the connecting plug 3 are all made of sterile material, and the inner wall of the card cover 2 is provided with a card slot 201 matching the connecting plug 3, and the inner wall of the card slot 201 is provided with a plurality of equally spaced limiting slide grooves 202 distributed around, and each limiting slide groove 2 The inner wall of the card cover 2 is slidably connected with a magnetic clamp 6, and a plurality of symmetrically distributed elastic wires 7 are fixedly connected between the magnetic clamp 6 and the inner wall of the limit slide 202. The side wall of the card cover 2 away from the connecting plug 3 is fixedly inlaid with a guide disk 4, and the inner wall of the card cover 2 is fixedly inlaid with a plurality of magnetic rods 5 connected to the guide disk 4. One end of the magnetic rod 5 away from the guide disk 4 extends into the limit slide 202, and the magnetic rod 5 is flush with the inner surface of the limit slide 202. The identity is identified by hanging the mother and child cards on the breeding donkey and the offspring donkey, which is convenient for the staff to observe and monitor the growth of the donkey. The mother and child cards are installed on the donkey's ears by using the card connection between the connecting plug 3 and the card cover 2, and the breeding donkey and the offspring donkey are centrally managed by the counterweight record management system, which is convenient for the staff to check and analyze and study; Figure 4 , 5 and Figure 6 It is shown that the installation method of the sub-card includes the following steps: A1. First, use a hole puncher to make installation holes on the donkey's ears, and then disinfect the donkey's ears and the sub-brand; A2, then let the card body 1 face the outside of the donkey's ear, then put the connecting plug 3 through the installation hole, take out the card cover 2 and buckle it on the connecting plug 3, press hard to make the connecting plug 3 and the card cover 2 snap together, so that the installation of the sub-card is completed; A3. When removing the sub-card, take a magnet with opposite magnetic properties to the magnetic clamp 6, stick the magnet on the guide disk 4, and use the magnetic attraction to suck the magnetic clamp 6 into the limiting slide groove 202, so that the connection plug 3 is separated from the card cover 2; Figure 7 , 8As shown, a spherical mounting groove is also provided on the inner wall of the sign body 1, and a spherical capacitor 8 is fixedly embedded on the inner wall of the spherical mounting groove, a suspended conductive touch-pressure ball 9 is placed inside the spherical mounting groove (the working principle and specific working structure of the spherical capacitor 8 and the conductive touch-pressure ball 9 are the technology of touch-pressure capacitor), and the space between the conductive touch-pressure ball 9 and the spherical mounting groove is filled with insulating liquid 10, the sign body 1 also includes a current change monitoring unit, a current change frequency analysis unit and an early warning sending unit electrically connected to the spherical capacitor 8, and the early warning sending unit is electrically connected to the health early warning unit. During the growth of offspring donkeys, the breeding environment and the infection of other pathogens will affect the survival of offspring donkeys. Therefore, in order to improve the survival rate of offspring donkeys, this part of the structure is used to monitor the health status of the donkeys. When the donkey is sick, it will shake its head due to discomfort. This feature is used to monitor whether the offspring donkey is troubled by the disease. When the donkey shakes its head, it will drive the sign body 1 to shake, and the conductive touch-pressure ball 9 inside the sign body 1 will The donkey sways in the spherical mounting groove and hits the spherical capacitor 8. Based on the principle of touch-pressure capacitance, the conductive touch-pressure ball 9 will cause a change in capacitance after touching the spherical capacitor 8. Therefore, the current change monitoring unit is used to monitor the current situation when the capacitance changes, and the frequency of the current change per unit time is recorded. The current change frequency analysis unit analyzes and studies the current change frequency. If the frequency of the current change per unit time is low, and the interval period of the change is long, it indicates that the donkey is just doing normal work and rest activities, which means that the donkey is healthy. If the frequency of the current change per unit time is high, and the interval period of the change is short, it indicates that the donkey may be infected with certain diseases and has health problems. At this time, the current change frequency analysis unit will send a signal to the early warning sending unit, and the early warning sending unit will then trigger the health early warning unit. The health early warning unit sends an alarm to the staff, allowing the staff to check the monitored donkey in time to determine whether it is sick, so as to facilitate timely treatment, thereby effectively improving the survival rate of future donkeys. Figure 3 It is shown that a signal light 11 is also installed on the side wall of the sign body 1 (the specific model is selected according to actual needs and will not be described in detail here), and the signal light 11 is electrically connected to the health warning unit. When the health warning unit sounds an alarm, the signal light 11 is also lit, so that the staff can find the target donkey as soon as possible when they go to the scene to check the donkey, effectively improving work efficiency.

[0020] In view of current practical needs, the above-mentioned implementation mode adopted in this application is not limited to the scope of protection. Various changes made within the knowledge scope of technical personnel in this field without departing from the concept of this application still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for efficient multi-trait simultaneous breeding of donkeys, characterized in that: The breeding steps include: S1. Determination of traits: First determine the traits that need to be improved, such as body shape, reproductive ability, disease resistance, meat quality, endurance, etc., and set corresponding breeding target values ​​for each trait; S2. Molecular marker screening: using genome sequencing technology to analyze the genome of the donkey and screen molecular markers related to the breeding target value; S3. Genotyping analysis: Conduct genotyping analysis on candidate donkeys to determine whether they carry favorable alleles associated with the target trait; S4. Comprehensive scoring: Based on the results of the donkey genotype analysis, the phenotypic data of the candidate donkeys, such as weight, body size, and breeding records, are recorded, and a comprehensive scoring model is established in combination with other phenotypic data to give a comprehensive score to each donkey. The scoring criteria include the phenotypic value and genotypic value of the target trait; S5. Breeding decision: According to the comprehensive scoring results, the donkey with the highest score is selected as the breeding donkey for breeding. In the breeding process, the breeding donkey with complementary genotype is given priority to achieve the simultaneous improvement of multiple traits. It should be noted that after the breeding donkey is selected, in order to distinguish each breeding donkey, an information identification plate is fixed on the donkey's ear, and the information identification plate is entered into the back-end breeding record management system; S6. Offspring tracking: Track and monitor the offspring, evaluate their performance, and adjust the breeding strategy based on their actual performance. Also, place information tags on the ears of the offspring and connect them to the information tags on the breeding donkeys. Wherein, the information identification plate includes a mother plate installed on the breeding donkey and a daughter plate installed on the offspring, the breeding record management system includes a breeding donkey information recording module, a breeding record module and an offspring information recording module, and the offspring information recording module includes a birth information recording unit, a growth recording unit and a health warning unit; The structure of the mother card and the daughter card is the same. The daughter card comprises a card body (1) and a card cover (2). The side wall of the card body (1) is fixedly connected to a connecting plug (3), and the inner wall of the card cover (2) is provided with a card slot (201) matching the connecting plug (3). The inner wall of the card slot (201) is provided with a plurality of equally spaced and surrounding limiting sliding grooves (202), and the inner wall of each limiting sliding groove (202) is slidably connected to a magnetic clamp (6), and the magnetic clamp (6) ) and the inner wall of the limiting slide groove (202) are also fixedly connected with a plurality of symmetrically distributed elastic wires (7); a side wall of the card cover (2) away from the connecting plug (3) is fixedly inlaid with a guide disk (4), and the inner wall of the card cover (2) is fixedly inlaid with a plurality of magnetic rods (5) connected to the guide disk (4); one end of the magnetic rod (5) away from the guide disk (4) extends into the limiting slide groove (202), and the magnetic rod (5) is flush with the inner surface of the limiting slide groove (202).

2. The method for efficient simultaneous multi-trait selection and breeding of donkeys according to claim 1, characterized in that: The installation method of the sub-card comprises the following steps: A1. First, use a hole puncher to make installation holes on the donkey's ears, and then disinfect the donkey's ears and the sub-brand; A2. Then, let the card body (1) face the outside of the donkey's ear, then insert the connecting plug (3) through the installation hole, take out the card cover (2) and buckle it on the connecting plug (3), and press hard to make the connecting plug (3) and the card cover (2) snap together, so that the installation of the sub-card is completed; A3. When removing the sub-card, take a magnet with a magnetic property opposite to that of the magnetic clamp (6), attach the magnet to the guide disk (4), and use the magnetic attraction to attract the magnetic clamp (6) into the limiting slide groove (202), so that the connection plug (3) and the card cover (2) are separated.

3. The method for efficient simultaneous multi-trait breeding of donkeys according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the sign body (1) is also provided with a spherical mounting groove, and a spherical capacitor (8) is fixedly embedded in the inner wall of the spherical mounting groove, a suspended conductive touch-pressure ball (9) is placed inside the spherical mounting groove, and the space between the conductive touch-pressure ball (9) and the spherical mounting groove is filled with insulating liquid (10), and the sign body (1) also includes a current change monitoring unit, a current change frequency analysis unit and an early warning sending unit electrically connected to the spherical capacitor (8), and the early warning sending unit is electrically connected to the health early warning unit.

4. The method for efficient simultaneous multi-trait selection and breeding of donkeys according to claim 1, characterized in that: A signal light (11) is also installed on the side wall of the sign body (1), and the signal light (11) is electrically connected to the health warning unit.

5. The method for efficient simultaneous selection and breeding of donkeys with multiple traits according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting plug (3) comprises a truncated cone-shaped plug plugged into the card slot (201), and two plugging rods of different lengths are fixedly connected between the truncated cone-shaped plug and the card body (1), and the card body (1), the card cover (2) and the connecting plug (3) are all made of high-strength sterile plastic material.

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