A method of deck flattening for a marine vessel

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of ship flat leveling method, comprising the following steps: step 1, arrangement base jig frame;Step 2, flat installation is hung;Step 3, measure flatness;Step 4, establish plane three-dimensional model;Step 5, make standard calibration plate;Step 6, mark calibration plate position;Step 7, flat leveling;Step 8, retest flat flatness;The leveling method of the present application uses range finder to measure the flatness of flat top surface by adopting serpentine route, intermittent pause, establishes the three-dimensional grid model of flat top surface, makes the position data of the flat top surface to be leveled, and when leveling flat, the position of standard calibration plate is marked on flat in advance, that is, the error of correction position is effectively avoided, and the center of the marked through hole of standard calibration plate is used to limit the pressing position of hydraulic jack, so that the hydraulic jack starts correction gradually from the maximum deformation point of flat, effectively improves the leveling effect, without repeated positioning correction, improves the leveling efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of shipbuilding, and in particular to a method for leveling a ship flat plate. Background Art

[0002] Due to the huge size of ships, reference plates play an important role in the shipbuilding process. Reference plates are usually set at the main structural positions of the hull, such as the bow, stern and amidships, to ensure that the geometric shape and size of the hull meet the design requirements. Moreover, it is the basis for precision control of the entire shipbuilding. In the block construction method, the reference plate provides a fixed reference point for the measurement of the hull, so that various parts of the hull, such as the hull plate, ribs and deck, can be accurately measured and corrected during the construction process. The various hull sections will be aligned with reference to the reference plate during assembly to ensure that the parts are accurately docked, reduce welding and assembly errors, and help control the shape of the longitudinal and transverse planes of the hull, ensuring the straightness and levelness of the hull. Therefore, the flatness of the precision plate is crucial to the manufacturing quality and performance stability of the ship.

[0003] The reference plates used in the shipbuilding process are large in size. Currently, the existing conventional roller leveling equipment needs to transport the reference plate as a whole into the rollers for overall correction during leveling. This equipment is often used to correct large-scale deformation of the reference plate. If the reference plate only has slight deformations such as depressions or bulges in a small area, this method is not very suitable. In this case, manual measurement and mechanical leveling are often used during actual on-site operations. This method is easily affected by human factors, and the position to be leveled is unclear. The approximate position can only be determined by experience, which is prone to correction position errors. There are problems such as repeated leveling, unsatisfactory leveling effects, and low leveling efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention proposes a ship flatbed leveling method to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for leveling a ship plate, which can digitize the position to be leveled, avoid correction position errors, and improve the leveling effect and leveling efficiency.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: a ship flatbed leveling method, the innovation of which is: comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1. Arrange the basic tire frame: Arrange the basic tire frame on the leveling site. The basic tire frame includes two fixed tire frames and several movable tire frames. Set embedded parts on the leveling site in advance. The fixed tire frames are fixedly connected to the embedded parts. The movable tire frames are movably placed on the leveling site. Inspect the top surfaces of the fixed tire frames and the movable tire frames to ensure that the top surfaces of the fixed tire frames and the movable tire frames are on the same horizontal plane.

[0008] Step 2: Hoist and install the flat panel: Use a hoisting device to lift the flat panel and lower it onto the basic tire frame. The two side edges of the flat panel in the width direction are supported by fixed tire frames, and the middle of the flat panel is supported by a movable tire frame. Use the first standard gauge block to fix the two sides of the flat panel to the fixed tire frame. Check the top surface of the first standard gauge block to ensure the levelness of the top surface of the first standard gauge block.

[0009] Step 3: Measure the flatness of the top surface of the plate using a rangefinder. Before measurement, first determine the reference height using the top surface of the first standard gauge block as a reference. The rangefinder moves horizontally along a serpentine path and measures the normal height of the top surface of the plate using intermittent pauses. The normal height data is measured each time it pauses.

[0010] Step 4. Establish a three-dimensional plane model: With the starting point of the serpentine route as the origin, establish a three-dimensional coordinate axis. The x-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate axis is the width direction of the plate, the y-axis is the length direction of the plate, and the z-axis is the vertical direction. Based on the displacement data and measurement data of the rangefinder, establish a three-coordinate point set, and connect the points to form a three-dimensional grid model of the top surface of the plate. Based on the three-dimensional grid model, determine the projection figure of the plate on the x- and y-axis coordinate planes where deformation occurs, and determine the coordinates of the maximum deformation point;

[0011] Step 5: Make a standard calibration plate: Based on the outline of the projected figure, expand it outward at equal distances to form the figure of the standard calibration plate. Complete the standard calibration plate production according to the figure of the standard calibration plate. Make two standard calibration plates for each standard calibration plate figure, and open marking grooves at different positions on the edge of each standard calibration plate. There should be at least three marking grooves. Drill a marking hole at the coordinate of the maximum deformation point on the standard calibration plate.

[0012] Step 6: Mark the position of the calibration plate: mark the position of the marking slot of each standard calibration plate on the top and bottom surfaces of the flat plate respectively;

[0013] Step 7, plate leveling: Place a corresponding standard calibration plate on the top and bottom surfaces of the plate according to the position of the marked slots, and use a hydraulic jack to fix them. The center axis of the hydraulic jack's push rod must be in a straight line with the center of the marked through hole of the standard calibration plate. Use the hydraulic jack to apply pressure to the plate through the standard calibration plate to complete the plate leveling;

[0014] Step 8. Re-measure the flatness of the plate: After all deformed parts of the plate are leveled, remove the hydraulic jack and standard calibration plate, and re-measure the flatness of the plate according to step 3 to ensure that the plate is leveled properly.

[0015] Furthermore, in step 3, the formula for determining the reference height is:

[0016] H0=Hm +h0

[0017] Where H0 is the reference height, unit is mm, H m is the normal height of the top surface of the first standard gauge block detected by the rangefinder, in mm; h0 is the normal thickness of the first standard gauge block, in mm.

[0018] Furthermore, in step 3, the serpentine route of the rangefinder starts from the outer edge of the first standard block at a corner of the flat plate, and pauses once after each movement of a distance L1 along the serpentine route, with a pause time of 1 to 3 seconds. When moving, it first moves along the width direction of the flat plate, moves to the outer edge of another first standard block, then turns to move a distance L2 along the length direction of the flat plate, and then turns to move in the opposite direction along the width direction of the flat plate until it reaches the end point of the serpentine route.

[0019] Furthermore, L1=L2 and L1=n|δ|, where δ is the maximum allowable error of the normal height, in mm, and n is the first coefficient, with a value of 1 to 5.

[0020] Furthermore, the width direction of the first standard gauge block is consistent with the width direction of the flat plate, and the width W of the first standard gauge block is greater than 2L1.

[0021] Furthermore, in step 5, the specific method of forming the standard calibration plate pattern is:

[0022] L3=σΔh max

[0023] Among them, L3 is the distance that the contour line of the projected figure is equidistantly expanded outward, the unit is mm, σ is the second coefficient, the value is 1.2~1.5, Δh max is the maximum deformation of the flat plate corresponding to the projection figure, in mm;

[0024] When the flat plate deformation corresponding to the projection figure is concave, Δh max =H max -H0, where H max The maximum normal height of the flat plate deformation corresponding to the projection figure, in mm;

[0025] When the flat plate deformation corresponding to the projection figure is a convex deformation, Δh max =H0-H min , where H min It is the minimum normal height of the flat plate deformation corresponding to the projected figure, in mm.

[0026] Furthermore, the fixed tire frame includes a tire frame base and a second standard gauge block, the second standard gauge block is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the tire frame base, and the top surface of the second standard gauge block and the top surface of the movable tire frame are on the same horizontal plane;

[0027] A clamping groove for accommodating a flat plate is provided on the bottom surface of the first standard gauge block. The first standard gauge block is mounted on the top surface of the second standard gauge block by bolts, and the flat plate is fixed in the clamping groove. The inner side wall of the first standard gauge block and the inner side wall of the second standard gauge block are in the same longitudinal plane. The inner side wall of the first standard gauge block is the reference surface for marking the position of the marking through groove of each standard calibration plate on the top surface of the flat plate, and the inner side wall of the second standard gauge block is the reference surface for marking the position of the marking through groove of each standard calibration plate on the bottom surface of the flat plate.

[0028] Furthermore, the distance meter is arranged above the basic tire frame through a gantry;

[0029] The two sides of the gantry are each movably mounted on the leveling ground through a first screw assembly, the first screw assembly includes a first screw and a first nut, the first screw is horizontally arranged and is mounted on the leveling ground through a first mounting seat, the first screw is driven to rotate by a first rotary drive member, the first nut is mounted on the bottom of the gantry and is threadedly sleeved on the first screw, a first guide assembly is provided on each side of each first screw assembly, the first guide assembly includes a first guide rail and two first sliders, the first guide rail is horizontally fixed on the leveling ground, the two first sliders are fixedly mounted on both sides of the bottom of the gantry, and are both slidably connected to the first guide rail;

[0030] The rangefinder is movably mounted on the gantry through a movable plate, and the moving direction is perpendicular to the moving direction of the gantry. The movable plate is arranged below the gantry. Two hanging plates arranged in parallel are provided on the top surface of the movable plate. The two hanging plates are respectively located on both sides of the gantry and are movably connected to the gantry through a second guide assembly. The second guide assembly includes a second guide rail and two second sliders. The second guide rail is horizontally fixed on the side wall of the gantry. The two second sliders are fixedly mounted on both sides of the inner wall of the corresponding hanging plate and are both slidably connected to the second guide rail. A second screw assembly is provided between the two hanging plates on the top surface of the movable plate. The second screw assembly includes a second screw and a second nut. The second screw is horizontally arranged and mounted on the gantry through a second mounting seat. The second screw is driven to rotate by a second rotating drive member. The second nut is mounted on the top surface of the movable plate and is threadedly sleeved on the second screw. The rangefinder is mounted on the bottom of the movable plate.

[0031] Furthermore, the hydraulic jacks have two, namely, a downward pressure jack and an upward pressure jack. The upward pressure jack is movably placed under the plate, and the downward pressure jack is installed on the movable plate and moves synchronously with the movable plate. Laser indicator lights are installed at the center axis of the push rods of the downward pressure jack and the upward pressure jack.

[0032] Furthermore, in step 7, the method of fixing the standard calibration plate with a hydraulic jack and applying pressure to the flat plate through the standard calibration plate for leveling is:

[0033] When the deformation of the flat plate corresponding to the standard calibration plate is a convex deformation, first, according to the mark on the bottom surface of the flat plate, attach one of the standard calibration plates to the corresponding position of the bottom surface of the flat plate, place the upper jack under the deformation of the flat plate, adjust the position of the upper jack so that the laser emitted by the laser indicator of the upper jack is facing the marked through-hole on the standard calibration plate, move the top rod of the upper jack upward to lightly press the standard calibration plate on the bottom surface of the flat plate, then place another standard calibration plate on the convex deformation of the top surface of the flat plate, adjust the position of the standard calibration plate so that the marked through-groove is directly above the mark on the top surface of the flat plate, move the pressing jack so that the laser emitted by the laser indicator of the pressing jack is facing the marked through-hole on the standard calibration plate, and after the top rod of the pressing jack moves downward to contact the standard calibration plate, it continues to move downward to apply pressure to the flat plate through the standard calibration plate to level the flat plate;

[0034] When the deformation of the flat plate corresponding to the standard calibration plate is a concave deformation, first attach one of the standard calibration plates to the corresponding position of the top surface of the flat plate according to the mark on the top surface of the flat plate, move the downward pressure jack so that the laser emitted by the laser indicator of the downward pressure jack is aligned with the marked through-hole on the standard calibration plate, move the push rod of the downward pressure jack downward to lightly press the standard calibration plate on the top surface of the flat plate, and then place another standard calibration plate on the concave deformation of the bottom surface of the flat plate, adjust the position of the standard calibration plate so that the marked through-groove is directly below the mark on the bottom surface of the flat plate, adjust the position of the upper jack so that the laser emitted by the laser indicator of the upper jack is aligned with the marked through-hole on the standard calibration plate, and after the push rod of the upper jack moves up and contacts the standard calibration plate, it continues to move up to apply pressure to the flat plate through the standard calibration plate to level the flat plate.

[0035] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0036] The leveling method of the present invention uses a rangefinder to measure the flatness of the top surface of the flat plate in a serpentine route and intermittent pause manner, establishes a three-dimensional grid model of the top surface of the flat plate, and obtains the projection graphics of the deformed parts of the flat plate according to the three-dimensional grid model, so that the positions to be leveled are digitized, and a standard calibration plate is made based on this. When leveling the flat plate, the position of the standard calibration plate is clearly marked on the flat plate in advance, which effectively avoids errors in the correction position, and uses the center of the marked through hole of the standard calibration plate to limit the pressure position of the hydraulic jack, so that the hydraulic jack gradually starts to correct from the maximum deformation point of the flat plate, and the standard calibration plate is equidistantly expanded by a certain distance on the basis of the projection graphics of the deformation part, so as to prevent reverse deformation around the deformed part of the flat plate during the correction process, effectively improving the leveling effect, and eliminating the need for repeated positioning and correction, thereby effectively improving the leveling efficiency.

[0037] The correction method of the present invention uses the top surface of the first standard gauge block used to fix the flat plate as a reference to determine the reference height, effectively improving the accuracy of the flatness measurement data of the flat plate top surface and providing a good basis for ensuring the leveling effect.

[0038] When measuring flatness along a serpentine route, the rangefinder of the present invention uses the outer edge of a first standard gauge block as a starting point, first moves along the width direction of the flat plate, moves to the outer edge of another first standard gauge block, and then turns. With this movement method, when establishing a three-dimensional grid model, forward and backward calibration can be performed using the coordinates of the starting point of each movement along the width direction and the coordinates at the time of turning, thereby improving the accuracy of the three-dimensional network model. In addition, the rangefinder pauses for 1 to 3 seconds during each measurement, which can eliminate the interference of the rangefinder movement on the measurement accuracy while maintaining high measurement efficiency.

[0039] In the present invention, L1=L2, that is, each time the rangefinder moves along the length direction of the plate and measures the distance L1 once, it turns and moves along the width direction. The projections of the points of the finally formed three-dimensional grid model on the x- and y-axis coordinate planes are arranged in a square matrix, which can not only reduce the error rate but also improve the processing speed of the projected graphics. In addition, when setting L1, a value of 1 to 5 times the absolute value of the maximum allowable error of the normal height can be taken. Within this range, the accuracy of the three-dimensional grid model and the degree of fit between the projected graphics and the deformed part of the plate can be effectively improved, thereby improving the accuracy of the calibration position.

[0040] In the present invention, the width W of the first standard gauge block is greater than 2L1. Each time the rangefinder moves along the width direction of the flat plate for measurement, at least two data points can be measured and obtained on the first standard gauge blocks on both sides. After the measurement is completed, the data point set finally obtained on the first standard gauge block is corrected with the data point set being in the same plane, thereby reducing the difficulty of establishing the three-dimensional grid model and improving the accuracy.

[0041] The distance L3=σΔh that the contour line of the projection figure in the present invention is equidistantly expanded outward max , σ takes a value of 1.2~1.5. Within this range, it can effectively prevent the reverse deformation around the deformed plate during the correction process, and will not cause the standard plate to become larger and cause material waste.

[0042] In the present invention, the inner side walls of the second standard gauge block and the first standard gauge block serve as reference surfaces when marking the position of the standard calibration plate on the flat plate, thereby improving the position accuracy of the standard calibration plate.

[0043] The rangefinder of the present invention utilizes the gantry and the first screw assembly and the second screw assembly to achieve high-precision horizontal movement in the transverse and longitudinal directions.

[0044] The present invention utilizes two hydraulic jacks to cooperate with each other to realize the leveling of the plate. During the leveling process, there is no need to shift or flip the plate, which is efficient and fast. The laser indicator light on the hydraulic jack is used to quickly move the hydraulic jack into position, thereby improving operational efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0046] Figure 1 It is a layout diagram of the leveling site of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the gantry of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fixed tire frame of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the leveling method of the present invention using a hydraulic jack to level convex deformation on a flat plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined purpose of the invention, the specific implementation methods, structures, features and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0051] Example

[0052] This embodiment provides a method for leveling a ship flatbed, comprising the following steps:

[0053] Step 1. Arrange the basic tire frame: Arrange the basic tire frame on the leveling site. The basic tire frame includes two fixed tire frames 1 and several movable tire frames 2. Embedded parts are set on the leveling site in advance. The fixed tire frame 1 includes a tire frame base 101 and a second standard gauge block 102. The bottom of the tire frame base 101 is welded to the embedded parts. The second standard gauge block 102 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the tire frame base 101. The movable tire frame 2 has a cylindrical structure. The movable tire frame 2 is movably placed on the leveling site. The top surface of the second standard gauge block 102 of the fixed tire frame 1 and the top surface of the movable tire frame 2 are inspected to ensure that the top surface of the second standard gauge block 102 and the top surface of the movable tire frame 2 are on the same horizontal plane.

[0054] Step 2: Hoist and install the flat panel: Use the hoisting equipment to lift the flat panel and lower it to the basic tire frame. The two side edges of the flat panel in the width direction are supported by the second standard blocks 102 on the two fixed tire frames 1. The middle of the flat panel is supported by the movable tire frame 2. Use the first standard blocks 103 to fix the two sides of the flat panel on the fixed tire frame 1. Figure 3As shown, a clamping groove for accommodating a flat plate is provided on the bottom surface of the first standard gauge block 103. The first standard gauge block 103 is mounted on the top surface of the second standard gauge block 102 by bolts, and the flat plate is fixed in the clamping groove. The top surface and inner side wall of the first standard gauge block 103 are inspected to ensure the horizontality of the top surface of the first standard gauge block 103 and to ensure that the inner side wall of the first standard gauge block 103 and the inner side wall of the second standard gauge block 102 are in the same longitudinal plane.

[0055] Step 3: Measure the flatness of the top surface of the plate using a distance meter. Before measurement, first determine the reference height using the top surface of the first standard gauge block as a reference. The formula for determining the reference height is:

[0056] H0=H m +h0

[0057] Where H0 is the reference height, unit is mm, H m is the normal height of the top surface of the first standard gauge block detected by the rangefinder, in mm; h0 is the normal thickness of the first standard gauge block, in mm;

[0058] In this embodiment, H m =906.53mm,h 0= 100mm, then H0=906.53+100=1006.53mm;

[0059] The rangefinder moves horizontally along a serpentine route and measures the normal height of the top surface of the flat plate by using an intermittent pause method, measuring the normal height data every time it pauses;

[0060] The serpentine path of the rangefinder starts at the outer edge of the first standard gauge block at one corner of the plate and pauses once after each movement of a distance L1 along the serpentine path. The pause time is 1 to 3 seconds. The rangefinder first moves along the width of the plate, moves to the outer edge of the other first standard gauge block, then turns and moves along the length of the plate a distance L2, then turns and moves in the opposite direction along the width of the plate until it reaches the end of the serpentine path. Where L1=L2 and L1=n|δ|, δ is the maximum allowable error in the normal height (unit: mm), and n is the first coefficient, which ranges from 1 to 5.

[0061] In this embodiment, the maximum allowable error of the normal height is ±5 mm, that is, if the legal height of the top surface of the plate is within the range of 1001.53 mm to 1011.53 mm, no correction is required; if it exceeds this range, correction is required. If n is set to 2, then L1 = 10 mm. The rangefinder pauses every 10 mm it moves along the serpentine route, and the pause time is 2 seconds.

[0062] The width direction of the first standard gauge block is consistent with the width direction of the flat plate, and the width W of the first standard gauge block is greater than 2L1. In this embodiment, the width W of the first standard gauge block is 35 mm. Each time the rangefinder moves along the width direction of the flat plate for measurement, 3 data points can be measured and obtained on the first standard gauge blocks on both sides. After the measurement is completed, the data point set finally obtained on the first standard gauge block is used to establish a planar three-dimensional model in the subsequent step 4. The data points obtained on the first standard gauge block are corrected in the same plane, which reduces the difficulty of establishing the three-dimensional mesh model and improves the accuracy.

[0063] Step 4. Establish a three-dimensional plane model: With the starting point of the serpentine route as the origin, establish a three-dimensional coordinate axis. The x-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate axis is the width direction of the plate, the y-axis is the length direction of the plate, and the z-axis is the vertical direction. Based on the displacement data and measurement data of the rangefinder, establish a three-coordinate point set, and connect the points to form a three-dimensional grid model of the top surface of the plate. Based on the three-dimensional grid model, determine the projection figure of the plate on the x- and y-axis coordinate planes where deformation occurs, and determine the coordinates of the maximum deformation point;

[0064] Step 5: Make a standard calibration plate: Based on the outline of the projected figure, expand it outwards at equal distances to form the figure of the standard calibration plate. The specific method of forming the figure of the standard calibration plate is as follows:

[0065] L3=σΔh max

[0066] Among them, L3 is the distance that the contour line of the projected figure is equidistantly expanded outward, the unit is mm, σ is the second coefficient, the value is 1.2~1.5, Δh max is the maximum deformation of the flat plate corresponding to the projection figure, in mm;

[0067] When the flat plate deformation corresponding to the projection figure is concave, Δh max =H max -H0, where H max The maximum normal height of the flat plate deformation corresponding to the projection figure, in mm;

[0068] When the flat plate deformation corresponding to the projection figure is a convex deformation, Δh max =H0-H min , where H min It is the minimum normal height of the flat plate deformation corresponding to the projected figure, in mm.

[0069] In this embodiment, taking a concave deformation on a flat plate as an example, the maximum normal height H of the concave deformation is max =1015.64mm, then Δh max=1015.64-1006.53=9.11mm, σ is 1.3, calculate L3=1.3×9.11=11.843mm;

[0070] Taking a convex deformation on a flat plate as an example, the minimum normal height H of the convex deformation is max =992.56mm, then Δh max =1006.53-992.56=13.97mm, σ is taken as 1.3, and L3 is calculated to be 1.3×13.97=18.161mm.

[0071] Complete the production of standard calibration plates according to the pattern of the standard calibration plates. Make two standard calibration plates for each pattern of the standard calibration plates, and open marking slots at different positions on the edge of each standard calibration plate. There are three marking slots. Drill a marking hole at the coordinate of the maximum deformation point on the standard calibration plate.

[0072] Step 6. Mark the position of the calibration plate: Mark the position of the marking groove of each standard calibration plate on the top and bottom surfaces of the flat plate respectively. When marking, use the inner side wall of the first standard gauge block 103 as the reference surface for marking the position of the marking groove of each standard calibration plate on the top surface of the flat plate, and the inner side wall of the second standard gauge block 104 as the reference surface for marking the position of the marking groove of each standard calibration plate on the bottom surface of the flat plate.

[0073] Step 7, plate leveling: Place a corresponding standard calibration plate on the top and bottom surfaces of the plate according to the position of the marked slots, and use a hydraulic jack to fix them. The center axis of the hydraulic jack's push rod must be in a straight line with the center of the marked through hole of the standard calibration plate. Use the hydraulic jack to apply pressure to the plate through the standard calibration plate to complete the plate leveling;

[0074] There are two hydraulic jacks used in this step, namely the downward pressure jack and the upper jack. The upper jack is movably placed under the plate, and the downward pressure jack is located above the plate. Laser indicator lights are installed on the central axis of the push rods of the downward pressure jack and the upper jack.

[0075] The method of using a hydraulic jack to fix the standard calibration plate and apply pressure to the plate through the standard calibration plate for leveling is as follows:

[0076] like Figure 4As shown, when the deformation of the flat plate corresponding to the standard calibration plate is a convex deformation, first, according to the mark on the bottom surface of the flat plate, one of the standard calibration plates is attached to the corresponding position of the bottom surface of the flat plate, and the upper jack is placed below the deformation of the flat plate, and the position of the upper jack is adjusted so that the laser emitted by the laser indicator of the upper jack is aligned with the marked through-hole on the standard calibration plate, and the top rod of the upper jack is moved upward to lightly press the standard calibration plate on the bottom surface of the flat plate, and then another standard calibration plate is placed on the convex deformation of the top surface of the flat plate, and the position of the standard calibration plate is adjusted so that the marked through-groove is directly above the mark on the top surface of the flat plate, and the pressing jack 5 is moved so that the laser emitted by the laser indicator of the pressing jack 5 is aligned with the marked through-hole on the standard calibration plate, and after the top rod of the pressing jack 5 moves downward to contact the standard calibration plate, it continues to move downward to apply pressure to the flat plate through the standard calibration plate to level the flat plate;

[0077] When the deformation of the flat plate corresponding to the standard calibration plate is a concave deformation, first attach one of the standard calibration plates to the corresponding position of the top surface of the flat plate according to the mark on the top surface of the flat plate, move the downward pressure jack so that the laser emitted by the laser indicator of the downward pressure jack is aligned with the marked through-hole on the standard calibration plate, move the push rod of the downward pressure jack downward to lightly press the standard calibration plate on the top surface of the flat plate, and then place another standard calibration plate on the concave deformation of the bottom surface of the flat plate, adjust the position of the standard calibration plate so that the marked through-groove is directly below the mark on the bottom surface of the flat plate, adjust the position of the upper jack so that the laser emitted by the laser indicator of the upper jack is aligned with the marked through-hole on the standard calibration plate, and after the push rod of the upper jack moves up and contacts the standard calibration plate, it continues to move up to apply pressure to the flat plate through the standard calibration plate to level the flat plate.

[0078] Step 8. Re-measure the flatness of the plate: After all deformed parts of the plate are leveled, remove the hydraulic jack and standard calibration plate, and re-measure the flatness of the plate according to step 3 to ensure that the plate is leveled properly.

[0079] In this embodiment, Figure 1-2 As shown, the rangefinder 4 is arranged above the basic tire frame through the gantry 3; the two sides of the gantry 3 are movably mounted on the leveling ground through a first screw assembly 6, the first screw assembly 6 includes a first screw and a first nut, the first screw is horizontally arranged, and is mounted on the leveling ground through a first mounting seat, the first screw is driven to rotate by a first rotary drive member, the first nut is installed at the bottom of the gantry 3, and is threadedly sleeved on the first screw, and a first guide assembly 7 is provided on both sides of each first screw assembly, the first guide assembly 7 includes a first guide rail and two first sliders, the first guide rail is horizontally fixed on the leveling ground, the two first sliders are fixedly mounted on both sides of the bottom of the gantry, and are both slidably connected to the first guide rail, and the extension direction of the first guide rail is parallel to the central axis of the first screw.

[0080] The rangefinder 4 is movably mounted on the gantry 3 through a movable plate 8, and the moving direction of the rangefinder 4 on the gantry is perpendicular to the moving direction of the gantry. The movable plate 8 is arranged below the gantry 3. Two hanging plates 801 are arranged in parallel on the top surface of the movable plate 8. The two hanging plates 801 are respectively located on both sides of the gantry 3 and are movably connected to the gantry 3 through a second guide assembly 10. The second guide assembly 10 includes a second guide rail and two second sliders. The second guide rail is horizontally fixed to the side wall of the gantry, and the two second sliders are fixedly mounted on both sides of the inner wall of the corresponding hanging plate. , and are all slidably connected to the second guide rail. A second screw assembly 9 is provided between the two hanging plates on the top surface of the movable plate 8. The second screw assembly 9 includes a second screw and a second nut. The second screw is horizontally arranged and is mounted on the gantry 3 through a second mounting seat. The second screw is driven to rotate by a second rotary drive member. The second nut is mounted on the top surface of the movable plate 8 and is threadedly sleeved on the second screw. The extension direction of the second guide rail is parallel to the central axis of the second screw and perpendicular to the central axis of the first screw; the rangefinder 4 and the downward pressure jack 5 are jointly mounted on the bottom of the movable plate 8.

[0081] Before arranging the basic tire frame in step 1, it is necessary to calibrate the moving direction of the gantry at the leveling site and the moving direction of the mobile frame on the gantry in advance to ensure that the moving directions are horizontal and perpendicular to each other, and adjust the installation position of the rangefinder and the downward pressure jack on the mobile frame to ensure verticality; when arranging the fixed tire frame, the arrangement direction of the fixed tire frame is parallel to the moving direction of the gantry. When arranging, the first guide rail can be used as a reference to measure the distance between the second standard gauge block on the tire frame base and the first guide rail to adjust the placement position of the fixed tire frame.

[0082] In this embodiment, the first rotary drive member and the second rotary drive member are both rotary motors, and other devices with a rotary drive function may be used.

[0083] The leveling method of the present invention uses a rangefinder to measure the flatness of the top surface of the flat plate in a serpentine route and intermittent pause manner, establishes a three-dimensional grid model of the top surface of the flat plate, and obtains the projection graphics of the deformed parts of the flat plate according to the three-dimensional grid model, so that the position to be leveled is digitized, and a standard calibration plate is made based on this. When leveling the flat plate, the position of the standard calibration plate is clearly marked on the flat plate in advance, which effectively avoids errors in the correction position, and the center of the marked through hole of the standard calibration plate is used to limit the pressure position of the hydraulic jack, so that the hydraulic jack gradually starts to correct from the maximum deformation point of the flat plate, and the standard calibration plate is equidistantly expanded by a certain distance based on the projection graphics of the deformation part, to prevent reverse deformation around the deformed part of the flat plate during the correction process, thereby effectively improving the leveling effect. The flat plate is leveled by two hydraulic jacks in cooperation with each other. During the leveling process, there is no need to shift or flip the flat plate, which is efficient and fast. The laser indicator light on the hydraulic jack is used to quickly move the hydraulic jack into position without the need for repeated positioning and correction, which effectively improves the leveling efficiency.

[0084] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments using the technical contents disclosed above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for leveling a ship flatbed, characterized by: The following steps are involved: Step 1. Arrange the basic tire frame: Arrange the basic tire frame on the leveling site. The basic tire frame includes two fixed tire frames and several movable tire frames. Set embedded parts on the leveling site in advance. The fixed tire frames are fixedly connected to the embedded parts. The movable tire frames are movably placed on the leveling site. Inspect the top surfaces of the fixed tire frames and the movable tire frames to ensure that the top surfaces of the fixed tire frames and the movable tire frames are on the same horizontal plane. Step 2: Hoist and install the flat panel: Use a hoisting device to lift the flat panel and lower it onto the basic tire frame. The two side edges of the flat panel in the width direction are supported by fixed tire frames, and the middle of the flat panel is supported by a movable tire frame. Use the first standard gauge block to fix the two sides of the flat panel to the fixed tire frame. Check the top surface of the first standard gauge block to ensure the levelness of the top surface of the first standard gauge block. Step 3: Measure the flatness of the top surface of the plate using a rangefinder. Before measurement, first determine the reference height using the top surface of the first standard gauge block as a reference. The rangefinder moves horizontally along a serpentine path and measures the normal height of the top surface of the plate using intermittent pauses. The normal height data is measured each time it pauses. Step 4. Establish a three-dimensional plane model: With the starting point of the serpentine route as the origin, establish a three-dimensional coordinate axis. The x-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate axis is the width direction of the plate, the y-axis is the length direction of the plate, and the z-axis is the vertical direction. Based on the displacement data and measurement data of the rangefinder, establish a three-coordinate point set, and connect the points to form a three-dimensional grid model of the top surface of the plate. Based on the three-dimensional grid model, determine the projection figure of the plate on the x- and y-axis coordinate planes where deformation occurs, and determine the coordinates of the maximum deformation point; Step 5: Make a standard calibration plate: Based on the outline of the projected figure, expand it outward at equal distances to form the figure of the standard calibration plate. Complete the standard calibration plate production according to the figure of the standard calibration plate. Make two standard calibration plates for each standard calibration plate figure, and open marking grooves at different positions on the edge of each standard calibration plate. There should be at least three marking grooves. Drill a marking hole at the coordinate of the maximum deformation point on the standard calibration plate. Step 6: Mark the position of the calibration plate: mark the position of the marking slot of each standard calibration plate on the top and bottom surfaces of the flat plate respectively; Step 7, plate leveling: Place a corresponding standard calibration plate on the top and bottom surfaces of the plate according to the position of the marked slots, and use a hydraulic jack to fix them. The center axis of the hydraulic jack's push rod must be in a straight line with the center of the marked through hole of the standard calibration plate. Use the hydraulic jack to apply pressure to the plate through the standard calibration plate to complete the plate leveling; Step 8. Re-measure the flatness of the plate: After all deformed parts of the plate are leveled, remove the hydraulic jack and standard calibration plate, and re-measure the flatness of the plate according to step 3 to ensure that the plate is leveled properly.

2. The method for leveling a ship flatbed according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, the formula for determining the reference height is: H0=H m +h0 Among them, H0 is the reference height, unit is mm, H m is the normal height of the top surface of the first standard gauge block detected by the rangefinder, in mm; h0 is the normal thickness of the first standard gauge block, in mm.

3. The method for leveling a ship flatbed according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 3, the serpentine route of the rangefinder starts from the outer edge of the first standard block at a corner of the flat plate, pauses once after each movement of a distance L1 along the serpentine route, and the pause time is 1 to 3 seconds. When moving, it first moves along the width direction of the flat plate, moves to the outer edge of another first standard block, then turns to move a distance L2 along the length direction of the flat plate, turns to move in the opposite direction along the width direction of the flat plate, and moves to the end point of the serpentine route.

4. The method for leveling a ship plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: L1=L2 and L 1= n|δ|, where δ is the maximum allowable error in normal height, in mm, and n is the first coefficient, ranging from 1 to 5.

5. The ship flatbed leveling method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The width direction of the first standard gauge block is consistent with the width direction of the flat plate, and the width W of the first standard gauge block is greater than 2L1.

6. The method for leveling a ship plate according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 5, the specific method of forming the graphics of the standard calibration plate is: L3=σΔh max Among them, L3 is the distance that the contour line of the projected figure is equidistantly expanded outward, the unit is mm, σ is the second coefficient, the value is 1.2~1.5, Δh max is the maximum deformation of the flat plate corresponding to the projection figure, in mm; When the flat plate deformation corresponding to the projection figure is concave, Δh max =H max -H0, where H max The maximum normal height of the flat plate deformation corresponding to the projection figure, in mm; When the flat plate deformation corresponding to the projection figure is a convex deformation, Δh max =H0-H min , where H min It is the minimum normal height of the flat plate deformation corresponding to the projected figure, in mm.

7. The ship flatbed leveling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed tire frame includes a tire frame base and a second standard gauge block, the second standard gauge block is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the tire frame base, and the top surface of the second standard gauge block and the top surface of the movable tire frame are on the same horizontal plane; A clamping groove for accommodating a flat plate is provided on the bottom surface of the first standard gauge block. The first standard gauge block is mounted on the top surface of the second standard gauge block by bolts, and the flat plate is fixed in the clamping groove. The inner side wall of the first standard gauge block and the inner side wall of the second standard gauge block are in the same longitudinal plane. The inner side wall of the first standard gauge block is the reference surface for marking the position of the marking through groove of each standard calibration plate on the top surface of the flat plate, and the inner side wall of the second standard gauge block is the reference surface for marking the position of the marking through groove of each standard calibration plate on the bottom surface of the flat plate.

8. The method for leveling a ship plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance meter is arranged above the basic tire frame through a gantry; The two sides of the gantry are each movably mounted on the leveling ground through a first screw assembly, the first screw assembly includes a first screw and a first nut, the first screw is horizontally arranged and is mounted on the leveling ground through a first mounting seat, the first screw is driven to rotate by a first rotary drive member, the first nut is mounted on the bottom of the gantry and is threadedly sleeved on the first screw, a first guide assembly is provided on each side of each first screw assembly, the first guide assembly includes a first guide rail and two first sliders, the first guide rail is horizontally fixed on the leveling ground, the two first sliders are fixedly mounted on both sides of the bottom of the gantry, and are both slidably connected to the first guide rail; The rangefinder is movably mounted on the gantry through a movable plate, and the moving direction is perpendicular to the moving direction of the gantry. The movable plate is arranged below the gantry. Two hanging plates arranged in parallel are provided on the top surface of the movable plate. The two hanging plates are respectively located on both sides of the gantry and are movably connected to the gantry through a second guide assembly. The second guide assembly includes a second guide rail and two second sliders. The second guide rail is horizontally fixed on the side wall of the gantry. The two second sliders are fixedly mounted on both sides of the inner wall of the corresponding hanging plate and are both slidably connected to the second guide rail. A second screw assembly is provided between the two hanging plates on the top surface of the movable plate. The second screw assembly includes a second screw and a second nut. The second screw is horizontally arranged and mounted on the gantry through a second mounting seat. The second screw is driven to rotate by a second rotating drive member. The second nut is mounted on the top surface of the movable plate and is threadedly sleeved on the second screw. The rangefinder is mounted on the bottom of the movable plate.

9. The method for leveling a ship plate according to claim 8, characterized in that: There are two hydraulic jacks, namely a downward pressure jack and an upward pressure jack. The upward pressure jack is movably placed under the plate, and the downward pressure jack is installed on the movable plate and moves synchronously with the movable plate. Laser indicator lights are installed on the central axis of the push rods of the downward pressure jack and the upward pressure jack.

10. The method for leveling a ship plate according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step 7, the method of fixing the standard calibration plate with a hydraulic jack and applying pressure to the flat plate through the standard calibration plate for leveling is as follows: When the deformation of the flat plate corresponding to the standard calibration plate is a convex deformation, first, according to the mark on the bottom surface of the flat plate, attach one of the standard calibration plates to the corresponding position of the bottom surface of the flat plate, place the upper jack under the deformation of the flat plate, adjust the position of the upper jack so that the laser emitted by the laser indicator of the upper jack is facing the marked through-hole on the standard calibration plate, move the top rod of the upper jack upward to lightly press the standard calibration plate on the bottom surface of the flat plate, then place another standard calibration plate on the convex deformation of the top surface of the flat plate, adjust the position of the standard calibration plate so that the marked through-groove is directly above the mark on the top surface of the flat plate, move the pressing jack so that the laser emitted by the laser indicator of the pressing jack is facing the marked through-hole on the standard calibration plate, and after the top rod of the pressing jack moves downward to contact the standard calibration plate, it continues to move downward to apply pressure to the flat plate through the standard calibration plate to level the flat plate; When the deformation of the flat plate corresponding to the standard calibration plate is a concave deformation, first attach one of the standard calibration plates to the corresponding position of the top surface of the flat plate according to the mark on the top surface of the flat plate, move the downward pressure jack so that the laser emitted by the laser indicator of the downward pressure jack is aligned with the marked through-hole on the standard calibration plate, move the push rod of the downward pressure jack downward to lightly press the standard calibration plate on the top surface of the flat plate, and then place another standard calibration plate on the concave deformation of the bottom surface of the flat plate, adjust the position of the standard calibration plate so that the marked through-groove is directly below the mark on the bottom surface of the flat plate, adjust the position of the upper jack so that the laser emitted by the laser indicator of the upper jack is aligned with the marked through-hole on the standard calibration plate, and after the push rod of the upper jack moves up and contacts the standard calibration plate, it continues to move up to apply pressure to the flat plate through the standard calibration plate to level the flat plate.

Images