Steering system and steering method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a steering system and a steering method, which include a fuel tank, an oil pump, a solenoid valve, a steering gear, a first oil cylinder, a second oil cylinder and a flow amplifying valve. The oil pump draws hydraulic oil from the fuel tank and provides pressure oil through the oil pump outlet. The solenoid valve has a first solenoid valve position and a second solenoid valve position for switching the oil path. The steering gear has an oil inlet, an oil return port, an L oil supply port and an R oil supply port, and distributes oil according to a steering instruction. When the solenoid valve is in the first solenoid valve position, the first oil cylinder small chamber and the second oil cylinder large chamber are controlled to obtain oil, or the first oil cylinder large chamber and the second oil cylinder small chamber are controlled to obtain oil to achieve rapid rotation. When the solenoid valve is energized and is in the second solenoid valve position, the hydraulic oil bypasses the flow amplifying valve and directly enters the first oil cylinder large chamber or the second oil cylinder large chamber, thereby completing a slow steering operation. By achieving both fast and slow steering effects, the applicability, stability, accuracy and economy of the steering system are improved to meet the needs of different users.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, and in particular to a steering system and a steering method. Background Art

[0002] Currently, loader steering systems primarily rely on large-displacement steering gears and flow amplification valves. Both systems utilize a design that simultaneously supplies oil to two cylinders, ensuring the loader's stability and power output during steering. Large-displacement steering gears directly utilize a large-displacement pump to provide sufficient flow, while flow amplification valves utilize a small pilot flow to control the output of a large flow rate to achieve steering.

[0003] Loaders have varying requirements for steering speed during operation. In scenarios requiring rapid steering, such as emergency obstacle avoidance or rapid adjustment of the work position, the loader must be able to respond quickly and sensitively to operational commands to improve efficiency. In contrast, situations requiring delicate maneuvers, such as operations in confined spaces, require slow, precise steering to ensure safety and accuracy. Therefore, the loader's steering system must balance the sensitivity of rapid steering with the precision of slow steering.

[0004] However, current loader steering systems have shortcomings in both fast and slow steering. Fast steering requires high flow rates to both cylinders, significantly increasing energy consumption and making precise steering difficult. While slow steering reduces energy consumption and improves precision, the excessively slow speed may not meet the efficiency requirements of certain operational scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome at least one of the defects of the prior art described above, the present invention provides a steering system and a steering method, which can solve the problem of low applicability caused by the loader not having two steering systems, fast steering and slow steering.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the problem is:

[0007] A steering system comprising:

[0008] tank;

[0009] an oil pump, the oil pump having an oil pump inlet and an oil pump outlet, the oil pump inlet being in communication with the oil tank;

[0010] a solenoid valve having a first solenoid valve position and a second solenoid valve position;

[0011] A steering gear, the steering gear having a steering gear oil inlet, a steering gear oil return port, a steering gear L oil supply port and a steering gear R oil supply port;

[0012] a first oil cylinder, the first oil cylinder having a first oil cylinder large cavity and a first oil cylinder small cavity;

[0013] a second oil cylinder, the second oil cylinder having a second oil cylinder large cavity and a second oil cylinder small cavity;

[0014] a flow amplifying valve, the flow amplifying valve comprising a reversing valve, a first flow amplifying oil outlet, and a second flow amplifying oil outlet; the reversing valve having a first reversing valve position, a second reversing valve position, and a third reversing valve position; the oil pump outlet is connected to the reversing valve; the second reversing valve position of the reversing valve is a valve position when the reversing valve is not subjected to a reversing force; when the reversing valve is in the second reversing valve position, the reversing valve cuts off the oil flow from the oil pump outlet through the reversing valve;

[0015] When the solenoid valve is in the first solenoid valve position, the oil pump outlet is connected to the steering gear oil inlet. When the steering gear is adjusted to connect the steering gear oil inlet to the steering gear L oil supply port, the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump outlet flows out through the steering gear L oil supply port and enters one side of the reversing valve, switching the reversing valve to the first reversing valve position. When the reversing valve is in the first reversing valve position, the reversing valve converts the hydraulic oil supplied from the oil pump outlet to the first flow amplification outlet and transmits it to the first oil cylinder small chamber and the second oil cylinder large chamber.

[0016] When the solenoid valve is in the first solenoid valve position, the oil pump outlet is connected to the steering gear oil inlet. When the steering gear is adjusted to the point where the steering gear oil inlet is connected to the steering gear R oil supply port, the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump outlet flows through the steering gear R oil supply port and then enters the other side of the reversing valve, switching the reversing valve to the third reversing valve position. When the reversing valve is in the third reversing valve position, the reversing valve converts the hydraulic oil supplied from the oil pump outlet to the second flow amplification outlet and transmits it to the large chamber of the first oil cylinder and the small chamber of the second oil cylinder.

[0017] When the solenoid valve is energized and in the second solenoid valve position, the oil pump outlet is connected to the steering gear oil inlet, and when the steering gear is adjusted to the point where the steering gear oil inlet is connected to the steering gear L oil supply port, the first oil cylinder large chamber is supplied with oil;

[0018] When the solenoid valve is energized and is in the second solenoid valve position, the oil pump outlet is connected to the steering gear oil inlet. When the steering gear is adjusted to the steering gear oil inlet being connected to the steering gear R oil supply port, the second oil cylinder large chamber obtains oil.

[0019] Furthermore, it further comprises a first valve core group, when the solenoid valve is in the second solenoid valve position, the oil pump outlet is connected to the solenoid valve, and the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump outlet flows through the solenoid valve, thereby controlling the reversal of the first valve core group;

[0020] When the first valve core group is switched, the steering gear is adjusted to the point where the steering gear oil inlet is connected to the steering gear L oil supply port, and the first oil cylinder large chamber receives oil;

[0021] When the first valve core group is switched, the steering gear is adjusted to the point where the steering gear oil inlet is connected to the steering gear R oil supply port, and the large chamber of the second oil cylinder obtains oil.

[0022] Furthermore, it also includes a first pressure reducing valve, which is arranged between the solenoid valve and the oil pump outlet, so that when the solenoid valve is in the second solenoid valve position, the hydraulic oil pumped from the oil pump outlet is decelerated by the first pressure reducing valve and flows into the solenoid valve. After the hydraulic oil flows through the solenoid valve, it flows into the first valve core group, causing the first valve core group to reverse.

[0023] Furthermore, the first valve core group includes a first valve core, a second valve core, a third valve core and a fourth valve core, and the steering gear is further provided with a pressure feedback oil port;

[0024] The first valve core and the second valve core are arranged on the pipeline between the steering gear and the flow amplification valve. After the first valve core and the second valve core are switched, the pressure feedback oil port passes through the second valve core and the first valve core in sequence and then reaches the flow amplification valve. The oil outlet of the oil pump passes through the flow amplification valve and then the second valve core and then flows to the oil inlet of the steering gear.

[0025] The third valve core and the fourth valve core are both provided on the pipeline between the steering gear and the first oil cylinder and the second oil cylinder;

[0026] When the third valve core and the fourth valve core are switched, the steering gear oil inlet is connected to the steering gear L oil supply port, and the hydraulic oil flows into the first oil cylinder large chamber through the steering gear L oil supply port;

[0027] When the third valve core and the fourth valve core are switched, the steering gear oil inlet is connected to the steering gear L oil supply port, and the hydraulic oil flows into the second oil cylinder large cavity through the steering gear R oil supply port.

[0028] Furthermore, it includes a second pressure reducing valve, which is arranged between the second valve core and the steering gear. When the solenoid valve is in the first solenoid valve position, the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump outlet passes through the second valve core and the second pressure reducing valve in sequence and flows into the steering gear oil inlet.

[0029] Furthermore, the second pressure reducing valve and the pipeline between the second valve core and the steering gear oil inlet have a confluence point, and a one-way valve is provided in the pipeline between the second pressure reducing valve and the confluence point to limit the hydraulic oil flowing through the second pressure reducing valve to flow only toward the steering gear oil inlet, and the pipeline between the second valve core and the confluence point is provided with a one-way valve to limit the hydraulic oil flowing through the second valve core to flow only toward the steering gear oil inlet.

[0030] Furthermore, the first oil cylinder large chamber, the first oil cylinder small chamber, the second oil cylinder large chamber and the second oil cylinder small chamber are all provided with oil replenishment pipelines connected to the oil tank, and the pipelines of the first oil cylinder large chamber, the first oil cylinder small chamber, the second oil cylinder large chamber and the second oil cylinder small chamber respectively connected to the oil tank are provided with one-way valves for supplying hydraulic oil from the oil tank to the first oil cylinder large chamber, the first oil cylinder small chamber, the second oil cylinder large chamber and the second oil cylinder small chamber respectively, so as to replenish oil to the first oil cylinder large chamber, the first oil cylinder small chamber, the second oil cylinder large chamber and the second oil cylinder small chamber.

[0031] The present invention also provides a steering method, which uses the above-mentioned steering system. When the steering gear is rotated to steer, the hydraulic oil enters the first oil cylinder small chamber and the second oil cylinder large chamber, or the first oil cylinder large chamber and the second oil cylinder small chamber through the flow amplification valve, so as to achieve rapid steering of the loader.

[0032] When the solenoid valve is opened and the steering gear is rotated, the hydraulic oil bypasses the flow amplification valve and directly enters the large cavity of the first oil cylinder or the large cavity of the second oil cylinder to achieve slow steering of the loader.

[0033] In summary, the steering system and steering method provided by the present invention have the following technical effects:

[0034] 1. By controlling the on / off of the solenoid valve, the direction of the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump is adjusted. When the solenoid valve is closed, that is, when the solenoid valve is in the first solenoid valve position, the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump is adjusted by the steering gear, which correspondingly adjusts the position of the reversing valve, thereby making the hydraulic oil pump, reversing valve, first cylinder and second cylinder conductive. That is, the hydraulic oil is amplified by the reversing valve in the flow amplifier valve and then flows into the small chamber of the first cylinder and the large chamber of the second cylinder respectively, or the large chamber of the first cylinder and the small chamber of the second cylinder simultaneously, that is, supplying oil to the first cylinder and the second cylinder simultaneously, achieving fast steering. When the solenoid valve is open, that is, when the solenoid valve is in the second solenoid valve position, the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump flows directly into the large chamber of the first cylinder or the large chamber of the second cylinder through the steering gear, that is, the hydraulic oil bypasses the flow amplifier valve. Through the adjustment of the solenoid valve, oil is supplied to a single cylinder (the large chamber of the first cylinder or the large chamber of the second cylinder), thereby achieving slow steering.

[0035] 2. The switch between fast and slow steering can be flexibly adjusted according to the driver's needs. During high-demand steering (such as steering at high speeds), the system provides higher hydraulic oil flow, improving steering response speed; while during low-speed operations (such as parking or fine steering), the system reduces oil flow, providing smoother and more controllable steering force, increasing operational stability, safety, and economy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the solenoid valve in the closed state of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 An enlarged view of the left part;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the solenoid valve in the open state of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 An enlarged view of the left part;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth valve core of the present invention.

[0041] Among them, the meanings of the accompanying drawings are as follows: 1. Oil tank; 2. Oil pump; 21. Oil pump oil inlet; 22. Oil pump oil outlet; 3. Solenoid valve; 4. Steering gear; 41. Steering gear oil inlet; 42. Steering gear oil return port; 43. Steering gear L oil supply port; 44. Steering gear R oil supply port; 45. Pressure feedback oil port; 5. First oil cylinder; 51. First oil cylinder large cavity; 52. First oil cylinder small cavity; 6. Second oil cylinder; 61. Second oil cylinder large cavity; 62. Second oil cylinder small cavity; 7. Flow amplification valve; 71. Reversing valve; 72. First flow amplification oil outlet; 73. Second flow amplification oil outlet; 81. First valve core; 82. Second valve core; 83. Third valve core; 84. Fourth valve core; 91. First pressure reducing valve; 92. Second pressure reducing valve; 10. Confluence point; 101. One-way valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] For better understanding and implementation, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described and discussed below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, what is described here is only a part of the examples of the present invention, not all the examples. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will be further explained with reference to specific embodiments as examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and each embodiment does not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0045] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used in the specification of the present invention herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0046] See Figure 1-Figure 5 The present invention discloses a steering system, including a fuel tank 1, an oil pump 2, a solenoid valve 3, a steering gear 4, a first oil cylinder 5, a second oil cylinder 6, and a flow amplification valve 7. The oil pump 2 has an oil pump inlet 21 and an oil pump outlet 22, and the oil pump inlet 21 is connected to the fuel tank 1. The solenoid valve 3 has a first solenoid valve position and a second solenoid valve position. The steering gear 4 has a steering gear oil inlet 41, a steering gear oil return port 42, a steering gear L oil supply port 43, and a steering gear R oil supply port 44. The first oil cylinder 5 has a first oil cylinder large cavity 51 and a first oil cylinder small cavity 52. ​​The second oil cylinder 6 has a second oil cylinder large cavity 61 and a second oil cylinder small cavity 62. The flow amplifying valve 7 has a reversing valve 71, a first flow amplifying oil outlet 72 and a second flow amplifying oil outlet 73. The reversing valve 71 has a first reversing valve position, a second reversing valve position and a third reversing valve position. The oil pump outlet 22 is connected to the reversing valve 71. The second reversing valve position of the reversing valve 71 is the valve position when the reversing valve 71 is not subjected to reversing power. When the reversing valve 71 is in the second reversing valve position, the reversing valve 71 cuts off the oil pump outlet 22 from flowing through the reversing valve 71.

[0047] When the solenoid valve 3 is in the first solenoid valve position, the oil pump outlet 22 is connected to the steering gear oil inlet 41, and the steering gear 4 is adjusted to the steering gear oil inlet 41 being connected to the steering gear L oil supply port 43, the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump outlet 22 flows out through the steering gear L oil supply port 43 and enters one side of the reversing valve 71, switching the reversing valve 71 to the first reversing valve position. When the reversing valve 71 is in the first reversing valve position, the reversing valve 71 converts the hydraulic oil supplied by the oil pump outlet 22 to the first flow amplification oil outlet 72 and is transmitted to the first oil cylinder small chamber 52 and the second oil cylinder large chamber 61;

[0048] When the solenoid valve 3 is in the first solenoid valve position, the oil pump outlet 22 is connected to the steering gear oil inlet 41. When the steering gear 4 is adjusted to the steering gear oil inlet 41 being connected to the steering gear R oil supply port 44, the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump outlet 22 flows through the steering gear R oil supply port 44 and enters the other side of the reversing valve 71, switching the reversing valve 71 to the third reversing valve position. When the reversing valve 71 is in the third reversing valve position, the reversing valve 71 converts the hydraulic oil supplied by the oil pump outlet 22 to the second flow amplification outlet and transmits it to the first cylinder large chamber 51 and the second cylinder small chamber 62.

[0049] When the solenoid valve 3 is energized and in the second solenoid valve position, the oil pump outlet 22 is connected to the steering gear oil inlet 41, and the steering gear 4 is adjusted to the point where the steering gear oil inlet 41 is connected to the steering gear L oil supply port 43, and the first oil cylinder large chamber 51 is supplied with oil;

[0050] When the solenoid valve 3 is energized and in the second solenoid valve position, the oil pump outlet 22 is connected to the steering gear oil inlet 41. When the steering gear 4 is adjusted to connect the steering gear oil inlet 41 and the steering gear R oil supply port 44, the second oil cylinder large chamber 61 receives oil.

[0051] Specifically, the oil pump 2 has an oil pump inlet 21 and an oil pump outlet 22. The oil pump inlet 21 is connected to the fuel tank 1. The solenoid valve 3 has a first solenoid valve position and a second solenoid valve position. The specific valve position adjustment of the solenoid valve 3 can be set according to actual conditions. In this embodiment, the first solenoid valve 3 is the normal position of the solenoid valve 3. When the solenoid valve 3 is energized, the solenoid valve 3 switches to the second solenoid valve position. The steering gear 4 has a steering gear oil inlet 41, a steering gear oil return port 42, a steering gear L oil supply port 43, and a steering gear R oil supply port 44. The steering gear oil inlet 41 is the interface for supplying oil to the steering gear 4. The steering gear oil return port 42 is connected to the fuel tank 1 for returning oil. The steering gear L oil supply port 43 is the interface that the steering gear 4 oil supply port can connect to when the steering gear 4 turns left. The steering gear R oil supply port 44 is the interface that the steering gear 4 oil supply port can connect to when the steering gear 4 turns right. The first oil cylinder 5 has a first oil cylinder large cavity 51 and a first oil cylinder small cavity 52, and the second oil cylinder 6 has a second oil cylinder large cavity 61 and a second oil cylinder small cavity 62, wherein the large cavity (the first oil cylinder large cavity 51 and the second oil cylinder large cavity 61) is a thrust cavity, and when the hydraulic oil enters the large cavity, it can generate a large thrust. This allows the oil cylinder to overcome external loads, push the piston rod outward, and perform actions that require great force, such as steering operations of a vehicle. The small cavity (the first oil cylinder small cavity 52 and the second oil cylinder small cavity 62) is a return cavity, and when the hydraulic oil enters the small cavity, it can push the piston rod to provide a return force, that is, help the piston rod return to its initial position. This helps to control the retraction speed of the piston rod. The flow amplifying valve 7 has a reversing valve 71, a first flow amplifying oil outlet 72 and a second flow amplifying oil outlet 73. The reversing valve 71 has a first reversing valve position, a second reversing valve position and a third reversing valve position. When the reversing valve 71 is in the first reversing valve position, the reversing valve 71 converts the hydraulic oil supplied from the oil pump outlet 22 to the first flow amplifying oil outlet 72; when the reversing valve 71 is in the second reversing valve position, the reversing valve 71 cuts off the oil pump outlet 22 from flowing through the reversing valve 71; when the reversing valve 71 is in the third reversing valve position, the reversing valve 71 converts the hydraulic oil supplied from the oil pump outlet 22 to the second flow amplifying oil outlet 73.

[0052] It should be noted that the connection method between the above components is not limited here, and can be connected through pipelines or pipeline switching through slide valves, which is not limited here.

[0053] In some embodiments, the steering system further includes a first valve core group. When the solenoid valve 3 is in the second solenoid valve position, the oil pump outlet 22 is connected to the solenoid valve 3, and the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump outlet 22 flows through the solenoid valve 3 to control the reversal of the first valve core group.

[0054] When the first valve core group is switched, the steering gear 4 is adjusted to the point where the steering gear oil inlet 41 is connected to the steering gear L oil supply port 43, and the first oil cylinder large chamber 51 receives oil;

[0055] When the first valve core group is switched, the steering gear 4 is adjusted to the point where the steering gear oil inlet 41 is connected to the steering gear R oil supply port 44 , and the second oil cylinder large chamber 61 obtains oil.

[0056] Specifically, the switching of the first valve core group is used to adjust whether the hydraulic oil bypasses the flow amplification valve 7, thereby simplifying the setting of the oil circuit and no longer requiring more interfaces and more connections to realize the connection between the various components of the above structure.

[0057] In some embodiments, the steering system also includes a first pressure reducing valve 91, which is arranged between the solenoid valve 3 and the oil pump outlet 22, so that when the solenoid valve 3 is in the second solenoid valve position, the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump outlet 22 is decelerated by the first pressure reducing valve 91 and flows into the solenoid valve 3. After flowing through the solenoid valve 3, the hydraulic oil flows into the first valve core group, causing the first valve core group to reverse.

[0058] Specifically, the first pressure-reducing valve 91 is located between the oil pump outlet 22 and the solenoid valve 3. It regulates the pressure of the high-pressure hydraulic oil provided by the oil pump 2, achieving both a pressure reduction and a pressure stabilization effect. The reduced-pressure hydraulic oil flows through the solenoid valve 3 and into the first valve core assembly, where it is used for direction switching. Therefore, the first pressure-reducing valve 91 is used to regulate the hydraulic oil pressure. After passing through the solenoid valve 3, the hydraulic oil directly acts on the first valve core assembly, causing it to switch direction. The first valve core assembly determines the final oil flow direction based on the position of the steering gear 4 to achieve the desired steering operation. Because the oil pressure has been properly adjusted, the first valve core assembly can complete direction switching under safe and stable conditions.

[0059] In some embodiments, the first valve core group includes a first valve core 81, a second valve core 82, a third valve core 83 and a fourth valve core 84, and the steering gear 4 is further provided with a pressure feedback oil port 45;

[0060] The first valve core 81 and the second valve core 82 are arranged on the pipeline between the steering gear 4 and the flow amplification valve 7. After the first valve core 81 and the second valve core 82 are switched, the pressure feedback oil port 45 passes through the second valve core 82 and the first valve core 81 in sequence to the flow amplification valve 7. The oil pump outlet 22 passes through the flow amplification valve 7 and the second valve core 82 and then flows to the steering gear oil inlet 41.

[0061] The third valve core 83 and the fourth valve core 84 are both provided on the pipeline between the steering gear 4 and the first oil cylinder 5 and the second oil cylinder 6;

[0062] When the third valve core 83 and the fourth valve core 84 are switched, the steering gear oil inlet 41 is connected to the steering gear L oil supply port 43, and the hydraulic oil flows into the first oil cylinder large chamber 51 through the steering gear L oil supply port 43;

[0063] When the third valve core 83 and the fourth valve core 84 are switched, the steering gear oil inlet 41 is connected to the steering gear L oil supply port 43 , and the hydraulic oil flows into the second oil cylinder large chamber 61 through the steering gear R oil supply port 44 .

[0064] Specifically, the first valve core 81 and the second valve core 82 are located in the pipeline between the steering gear 4 and the flow amplification valve 7, and are used to control the oil path from the steering gear 4 to the flow amplification valve 7, and from the flow amplification valve 7 back to the steering gear oil inlet 41. When the first valve core 81 and the second valve core 82 are switched, the oil flow direction is changed, allowing the pressure feedback oil port 45 to pass through the second valve core 82 and the first valve core 81 in sequence to reach the flow amplification valve 7. The oil then flows from the oil pump outlet 22 through the flow amplification valve 7, then through the second valve core 82 again, and back to the steering gear oil inlet 41.

[0065] The third and fourth valve cores 83 and 84 are located in the pipeline between the steering gear 4 and the first and second cylinders 5 and 6, and are used to directly control the flow of hydraulic fluid into specific chambers of the first and second cylinders 5 and 6. When the third and fourth valve cores 83 and 84 are switched, they determine whether the hydraulic fluid flows into the first or second cylinder large chamber 51, 61, depending on the adjustment state of the steering gear 4 and the position of the solenoid valve 3.

[0066] In some embodiments, the steering system includes a second pressure reducing valve 92, which is arranged between the second valve core 82 and the steering gear 4. When the solenoid valve 3 is in the first solenoid valve position, that is, when the second valve core 82 is in the initial position, the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump outlet 22 passes through the second valve core 82 and the second pressure reducing valve 92 in turn and flows into the steering gear oil inlet 41.

[0067] Specifically, the main function of the second pressure reducing valve 92 is to appropriately reduce the pressure of the oil before it enters the steering gear 4. This is because when the second pressure reducing valve 92 is in the on state, the solenoid valve 3 is in the closed state, that is, the hydraulic oil after passing through the second pressure reducing valve 92 enters both sides of the reversing valve 71 through the adjustment of the steering gear 4, so as to be used to switch the reversing valve 71 to the first reversing valve position or the third reversing valve position. Therefore, the hydraulic oil needs to be reduced in pressure so that the reduced-pressure hydraulic oil can act on the reversing of the reversing valve 71.

[0068] In some embodiments, the pipeline between the second pressure reducing valve 92 and the second valve core 82 to the steering gear oil inlet 41 has a confluence point 10, and the pipeline between the second pressure reducing valve 92 and the confluence point 10 is provided with a one-way valve 101 to limit the hydraulic oil flowing through the second pressure reducing valve 92 to flow only toward the steering gear oil inlet 41, and the pipeline between the second valve core 82 and the confluence point 10 is provided with a one-way valve 101 to limit the hydraulic oil flowing through the second valve core 82 to flow only toward the steering gear oil inlet 41.

[0069] Specifically, in order to simplify the oil circuit entering the steering gear oil inlet 41, when the solenoid valve 3 is in the first solenoid valve position, the hydraulic oil needs to enter the second pressure reducing valve 92 after passing through the second valve core 82 to be reduced in pressure and then used for reversing of the reversing valve 71, so an independent branch is required; when the solenoid valve 3 is in the second solenoid valve position, the hydraulic oil after flowing through the second valve core 82 does not need to be reduced in pressure, and can directly enter the first oil cylinder large chamber 51 or the second oil cylinder large chamber 61 through the adjustment of the steering gear 4, so an independent branch is also required. On this basis, a confluence point 10 is set in the pipeline between the second pressure reducing valve 92 and the steering gear oil inlet 41 and between the second valve core 82 and the steering gear oil inlet 41. In order to ensure the accurate flow direction of the hydraulic oil, a one-way valve 101 is provided in the pipeline between the second pressure reducing valve 92 and the confluence point 10 to limit the hydraulic oil flowing through the second pressure reducing valve 92 to flow only toward the steering gear oil inlet 41. A one-way valve 101 is provided in the pipeline between the second valve core 82 and the confluence point 10 to limit the hydraulic oil flowing through the second valve core 82 to flow only toward the steering gear oil inlet 41.

[0070] In some embodiments, the first cylinder large chamber 51, the first cylinder small chamber 52, the second cylinder large chamber 61 and the second cylinder small chamber 62 are all provided with oil replenishment pipelines connected to the oil tank 1, and the pipelines of the first cylinder large chamber 51, the first cylinder small chamber 52, the second cylinder large chamber 61 and the second cylinder small chamber 62 respectively connected to the oil tank 1 are provided with one-way valves 101 for supplying hydraulic oil from the oil tank 1 to the first cylinder large chamber 51, the first cylinder small chamber 52, the second cylinder large chamber 61 and the second cylinder small chamber 62 respectively, so as to replenish oil to the first cylinder large chamber 51, the first cylinder small chamber 52, the second cylinder large chamber 61 and the second cylinder small chamber 62.

[0071] Specifically, independent oil replenishment pipes connected to the oil tank 1 are provided between the first oil cylinder large chamber 51 and the oil tank 1, between the first oil cylinder small chamber 52 and the oil tank 1, between the second oil cylinder large chamber 61 and the oil tank 1, and between the second oil cylinder small chamber 62 and the oil tank 1. Correspondingly, in order not to affect the oiling of the first oil cylinder large chamber 51, the first oil cylinder small chamber 52, the second oil cylinder large chamber 61 and the second oil cylinder small chamber 62, a one-way valve 101 is provided in the pipelines between the first oil cylinder large chamber 51 and the oil tank 1, between the first oil cylinder small chamber 52 and the oil tank 1, between the second oil cylinder large chamber 61 and the oil tank 1, and between the second oil cylinder small chamber 62 and the oil tank 1, so that each oil replenishment pipe can only replenish oil and will not affect the oiling.

[0072] The present invention also provides a steering method. Using the above-mentioned steering system, when the steering gear 4 is turned to steer, the hydraulic oil enters the first oil cylinder small chamber 52 and the second oil cylinder large chamber 61, or the first oil cylinder large chamber 51 and the second oil cylinder small chamber 62 through the flow amplification valve 7, so as to achieve rapid steering of the loader.

[0073] When the solenoid valve 3 is opened and the steering gear 4 is rotated, the hydraulic oil bypasses the flow amplification valve 7 and directly enters the first oil cylinder large chamber 51 or the second oil cylinder large chamber 61 to achieve slow steering of the loader.

[0074] Working principle:

[0075] When quick turns are required, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the solenoid valve 3 is in the closed state, that is, the solenoid valve 3 is in the first solenoid valve position. The hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump outlet 22 passes through the second valve core 82 in the initial state and enters the second pressure reducing valve 92 for pressure reduction. The decompressed hydraulic oil enters the steering gear oil inlet 41. Thereafter, depending on whether the steering gear oil inlet 41 is connected to the steering gear L oil supply port 43 or the steering gear R oil supply port 44, there are two situations:

[0076] When the steering gear oil inlet 41 is connected to the steering gear L oil supply port 43, the hydraulic oil passes through the third valve core 83 and enters the right side of the reversing valve 71, switching the reversing valve 71 to the third reversing valve position. This allows the high-pressure hydraulic oil pumped from the oil pump outlet 22 to flow through the reversing valve 71 in the third reversing valve position and out through the second flow amplification oil outlet 73. After being divided by the fourth valve core 84, the oil enters the first cylinder small chamber 52 and the second cylinder large chamber 61, respectively, thereby achieving rapid steering in the L direction.

[0077] b. When the steering gear oil inlet 41 is connected to the steering gear R oil supply port 44, the hydraulic oil passes through the third valve core 83 and enters the left side of the reversing valve 71, switching the reversing valve 71 to the first reversing valve position, thereby allowing the high-pressure hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump outlet 22 to flow through the reversing valve 71 in the first reversing valve position and then flow out through the first flow amplification oil outlet 72. After being diverted by the fourth valve core 84, it enters the first oil cylinder large chamber 51 and the second oil cylinder small chamber 62 respectively, thereby performing rapid steering in the R direction.

[0078] When slow steering is required, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the solenoid valve 3 is in the open state, that is, the solenoid valve 3 is in the second solenoid valve position. The hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump outlet 22 is divided into two paths. One path enters the first pressure reducing valve 91 and then enters the solenoid valve 3 in the second solenoid valve position. After the diversion of the pipeline, the hydraulic oil after passing through the solenoid valve 3 acts on the second valve core 82, the third valve core 83 and the fourth valve core 84 respectively, thereby causing the second valve core 82, the third valve core 83 and the fourth valve core 84 to reverse. The other path directly enters the reversing oil inlet through the second valve core 82 after reversing. At this time, the reversing oil inlet is connected to the pressure feedback oil port 45. Part of the hydraulic oil flows to the first valve core 81 through the negative pressure feedback oil port, causing the first valve core 81 to reverse and flow through the first valve core 81 to the flow amplification valve 7 for pressure monitoring. The hydraulic oil entering the reversing oil inlet is divided into two situations according to whether the steering gear oil inlet 41 is connected to the steering gear L oil supply port 43 or the steering gear R oil supply port 44:

[0079] a. When the steering gear oil inlet 41 is connected to the steering gear L oil supply port 43, the hydraulic oil passes through the third valve core 83 and the fourth valve core 84 in sequence and directly enters the first cylinder large chamber 51, thereby performing slow L direction steering. Correspondingly, the first cylinder small chamber 52, the second cylinder large chamber 61, and the second cylinder small chamber 62 are all in a floating state. The pipelines between the first cylinder small chamber 52, the second cylinder large chamber 61, and the second cylinder small chamber 62 and the oil tank 1 replenish oil to the three.

[0080] b. When the steering gear oil inlet 41 is connected to the steering gear R oil supply port 44, the hydraulic oil passes through the third valve core 83 and the fourth valve core 84 in sequence, and directly enters the second cylinder large chamber 61, thereby performing slow R direction steering. Correspondingly, the first cylinder large chamber 51, the first cylinder small chamber 52 and the second cylinder small chamber 62 are all in a floating state, and the pipelines between the first cylinder large chamber 51, the first cylinder small chamber 52 and the second cylinder small chamber 62 and the oil tank 1 replenish oil to the three.

[0081] It should be noted that the flow amplification valve 7 is a conventional technology that can meet the required functions in the above working principle. The specific structure is not limited here. For the sake of ease of understanding, a small number of pipelines are shown with dotted lines in the drawings of the specification. The specific setting method of the flow amplification valve 7 is not limited to this.

[0082] The technical means disclosed in the solutions of the present invention are not limited to those disclosed in the above-mentioned embodiments, but also include technical solutions composed of any combination of the above-mentioned technical features. It should be noted that those skilled in the art may make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A steering system, characterized in that: include: Fuel tank (1); An oil pump (2), the oil pump (2) having an oil pump inlet (21) and an oil pump outlet (22), the oil pump inlet (21) being in communication with the oil tank (1); A solenoid valve (3), wherein the solenoid valve (3) has a first solenoid valve position and a second solenoid valve position; A steering gear (4), the steering gear (4) having a steering gear oil inlet (41), a steering gear oil return port (42), a steering gear L oil supply port (43), and a steering gear R oil supply port (44); A first oil cylinder (5), the first oil cylinder (5) having a first oil cylinder large chamber (51) and a first oil cylinder small chamber (52); A second oil cylinder (6), the second oil cylinder (6) having a second oil cylinder large chamber (61) and a second oil cylinder small chamber (62); A flow amplifying valve (7), the flow amplifying valve (7) having a reversing valve (71), a first flow amplifying oil outlet (72) and a second flow amplifying oil outlet (73), the reversing valve (71) having a first reversing valve position, a second reversing valve position and a third reversing valve position, the oil pump outlet (22) being connected to the reversing valve (71), the second reversing valve position of the reversing valve (71) being a valve position when the reversing valve (71) is not subjected to a reversing force, and when the reversing valve (71) is in the second reversing valve position, the reversing valve (71) cuts off the oil pump outlet (22) from flowing through the reversing valve (71); When the solenoid valve (3) is in the first solenoid valve position, the oil pump outlet (22) is connected to the steering gear oil inlet (41), and when the steering gear (4) is adjusted to the state where the steering gear oil inlet (41) is connected to the steering gear L oil supply port (43), the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump outlet (22) flows out through the steering gear L oil supply port (43) and enters one side of the reversing valve (71), switching the reversing valve (71) to the first reversing valve position. When the reversing valve (71) is in the first reversing valve position, the reversing valve (71) converts the hydraulic oil supplied by the oil pump outlet (22) to the first flow amplification oil outlet (72) and transmits it to the first oil cylinder small chamber (52) and the second oil cylinder large chamber (61); When the solenoid valve (3) is in the first solenoid valve position, the oil pump outlet (22) is connected to the steering gear oil inlet (41), and when the steering gear (4) is adjusted to the state where the steering gear oil inlet (41) is connected to the steering gear R oil supply port (44), the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump outlet (22) flows through the steering gear R oil supply port (44) and enters the other side of the reversing valve (71), switching the reversing valve (71) to the third reversing valve position. When the reversing valve (71) is in the third reversing valve position, the reversing valve (71) converts the hydraulic oil supplied by the oil pump outlet (22) to the second flow amplification outlet (73) and transmits it to the first oil cylinder large chamber (51) and the second oil cylinder small chamber (62); When the solenoid valve (3) is energized and in the second solenoid valve position, the oil pump outlet (22) is connected to the steering gear oil inlet (41), and when the steering gear (4) is adjusted to the point where the steering gear oil inlet (41) is connected to the steering gear L oil supply port (43), the first oil cylinder large chamber (51) is supplied with oil; When the solenoid valve (3) is energized and in the second solenoid valve position, the oil pump outlet (22) is connected to the steering gear oil inlet (41), and when the steering gear (4) is adjusted so that the steering gear oil inlet (41) is connected to the steering gear R oil supply port (44), the second oil cylinder large chamber (61) is supplied with oil.

2. A steering system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a first valve core group, and when the solenoid valve (3) is in the second solenoid valve position, the oil pump outlet (22) is connected to the solenoid valve (3), and the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump outlet (22) flows through the solenoid valve (3), thereby controlling the reversal of the first valve core group; When the first valve core group is switched, the steering gear (4) is adjusted to the point where the steering gear oil inlet (41) is connected to the steering gear L oil supply port (43), and the first oil cylinder large chamber (51) is supplied with oil; When the first valve core group is switched, the steering gear (4) is adjusted to the point where the steering gear oil inlet (41) is connected to the steering gear R oil supply port (44), and the second oil cylinder large chamber (61) receives oil.

3. A steering system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The invention also includes a first pressure reducing valve (91), which is arranged between the solenoid valve (3) and the oil pump outlet (22), so that when the solenoid valve (3) is in the second solenoid valve position, the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump outlet (22) is decelerated by the first pressure reducing valve (91) and then flows into the solenoid valve (3). After flowing through the solenoid valve (3), the hydraulic oil flows into the first valve core group, so that the first valve core group is reversed.

4. A steering system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first valve core group includes a first valve core (81), a second valve core (82), a third valve core (83) and a fourth valve core (84), and the steering gear (4) is further provided with a pressure feedback oil port (45); The first valve core (81) and the second valve core (82) are arranged on a pipeline between the steering gear (4) and the flow amplification valve (7). After the first valve core (81) and the second valve core (82) are switched, the pressure feedback oil port (45) passes through the second valve core (82) and the first valve core (81) in sequence and then reaches the flow amplification valve (7). The oil pump outlet (22) passes through the flow amplification valve (7) and then passes through the second valve core (82) and then flows to the steering gear oil inlet (41). The third valve core (83) and the fourth valve core (84) are both arranged on the pipeline between the steering gear (4) and the first oil cylinder (5) and the second oil cylinder (6); When the third valve core (83) and the fourth valve core (84) are switched, the steering gear oil inlet (41) is connected to the steering gear L oil supply port (43), and the hydraulic oil flows into the first oil cylinder large chamber (51) through the steering gear L oil supply port (43); When the third valve core (83) and the fourth valve core (84) are switched, the steering gear oil inlet (41) is connected to the steering gear L oil supply port (43), and the hydraulic oil flows into the second oil cylinder large chamber (61) through the steering gear R oil supply port (44).

5. A steering system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The invention comprises a second pressure reducing valve (92), which is arranged between the second valve core (82) and the steering gear (4). When the solenoid valve (3) is in the first solenoid valve position, the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump outlet (22) passes through the second valve core (82) and the second pressure reducing valve (92) in sequence and then flows into the steering gear oil inlet (41).

6. A steering system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pipeline between the second pressure reducing valve (92) and the second valve core (82) and the steering gear oil inlet (41) has a confluence point (10), and the pipeline between the second pressure reducing valve (92) and the confluence point (10) is provided with a one-way valve (101) for limiting the hydraulic oil flowing through the second pressure reducing valve (92) to flow only toward the steering gear oil inlet (41), and the pipeline between the second valve core (82) and the confluence point (10) is provided with a one-way valve (101) for limiting the hydraulic oil flowing through the second valve core (82) to flow only toward the steering gear oil inlet (41).

7. A steering system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The first oil cylinder large chamber (51), the first oil cylinder small chamber (52), the second oil cylinder large chamber (61) and the second oil cylinder small chamber (62) are all provided with oil replenishment pipelines connected to the oil tank (1), and the pipelines connecting the first oil cylinder large chamber (51), the first oil cylinder small chamber (52), the second oil cylinder large chamber (61) and the second oil cylinder small chamber (62) with the oil tank (1) are respectively provided with one-way valves (101) for supplying hydraulic oil from the oil tank (1) to the first oil cylinder large chamber (51), the first oil cylinder small chamber (52), the second oil cylinder large chamber (61) and the second oil cylinder small chamber (62), respectively, so as to replenish the first oil cylinder large chamber (51), the first oil cylinder small chamber (52), the second oil cylinder large chamber (61) and the second oil cylinder small chamber (62).

8. A steering method, using the steering system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: When the steering gear (4) is rotated to perform steering, the hydraulic oil enters the first oil cylinder small chamber (52) and the second oil cylinder large chamber (61), or the first oil cylinder large chamber (51) and the second oil cylinder small chamber (62) through the flow amplification valve (7), so as to realize rapid steering of the loader; When the solenoid valve (3) is opened and the steering gear (4) is rotated, the hydraulic oil bypasses the flow amplification valve (7) and directly enters the first oil cylinder large chamber (51) or the second oil cylinder large chamber (61), thereby realizing slow steering of the loader.

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