Continuous high-pressure hydrothermal method for producing artificial peat and fulvic acid from livestock and poultry manure

Abstract

The device for treating livestock and poultry manure by continuous high-pressure hydrothermal method to produce artificial peat and fulvic acid includes a hydrothermal reaction subsystem, a flash evaporation and filtration subsystem, and a fulvic acid desalting subsystem. The wet pulping subsystem is connected to the hydrothermal reaction subsystem through a high-pressure feed pump, the hydrothermal reaction subsystem is connected to the feed port of the pressure-reducing flash tower through the bottom of the tower-type delayed reactor, and the flash evaporation and filtration subsystem is connected to the fulvic acid desalting subsystem through the liquid phase outlet of the filter press, forming a safe, clean and efficient treatment system for livestock and poultry manure, realizing the green return of livestock and poultry manure to farmland in the breeding industry.

Description

1. Technical Field

[0001] The invention provides a device for preparing artificial peat and fulvic acid by continuous high-pressure hydrothermal method using livestock and poultry manure, and relates to the field of chemical industry. 2. Background Technology

[0002] Livestock manure contains antibiotics, parasite eggs, pathogenic bacteria, viruses and weed seeds. It also contains large amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and heavy metal elements (copper, zinc, arsenic, etc.) and salt. If it is not treated in time, on the one hand, it will cause serious crop diseases, insect pests and weeds after use in farmland, causing a lot of pollution to land and water resources. On the other hand, it brings food safety problems and air pollution caused by odor. It has not only become an important factor restricting the sustainable development of animal husbandry and agriculture, but also poses a great challenge to rural environmental governance.

[0003] The current method of composting or fermenting livestock and poultry manure to produce organic fertilizer at high temperatures does not exceed 80°C, making it difficult to kill antibiotics, parasite eggs, pathogenic bacteria, viruses, and weed seeds, making it difficult to achieve safe, clean, and efficient green return to the fields. Livestock and poultry manure is rich in organic matter and nutrients. As a cultivation medium, it can provide plants with the nutrients they need, promoting plant growth and development, and increasing yield and quality. Livestock and poultry manure also contains a large number of beneficial microorganisms. By using it as a cultivation medium, it can provide nutrients and suitable environmental conditions for the cultivation of microorganisms, and can be used in the research and development and production of biological agents or biofertilizers. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop production processes and equipment technologies to convert it into a matrix material suitable for plant or microbial growth, so as to achieve the effective utilization of the organic matter and nutrients in livestock and poultry manure. 3. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of existing livestock and poultry manure production organic fertilizer and cultivation substrate technology and to invent a device for producing artificial peat and fulvic acid from livestock and poultry manure using a continuous high-pressure hydrothermal method. The device utilizes an electromagnetic pipeline reactor and a tower-type delayed reactor to hydrothermally decompose and kill antibiotics, parasite eggs, pathogenic bacteria, viruses and weed seeds in livestock and poultry manure at high temperature and high pressure. The device utilizes the property of supercritical water in a supercritical settler that it is difficult to dissolve salt to remove heavy metal elements and salt in the hydrolyzed fulvic acid. The device eradicates the two difficult problems of antibiotics and pests and diseases, and heavy metals and salt damage, which are difficult to solve in the existing livestock and poultry manure production organic fertilizer process, thereby ensuring the safe, clean and efficient disposal and green return of livestock and poultry manure to farmland.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention:

[0006] A device for treating livestock and poultry manure by continuous high-pressure hydrothermal method to produce artificial peat and fulvic acid. The livestock and poultry manure concentration tank is connected to the heat exchanger, electromagnetic pipeline reactor and tower delay reactor in sequence through a high-pressure feed pump. The heat exchanger is connected to the livestock and poultry manure concentration tank to form a hydrothermal reaction subsystem. The concentration of the livestock and poultry manure after conditioning is 10%-40%, the flow rate in the electromagnetic pipeline reactor is 1-5 m / s, the reaction temperature is 200-330°C, the pressure is ≥ the saturated pressure of water at the reaction temperature, the reaction time is 1-90 seconds, and the reaction time in the tower delay reactor is 10-50 minutes. The top of the pressure-reducing flash tower is connected to the heat exchanger. , the bottom of the tower is connected to a filter to form a flash evaporation and filtration subsystem, and the pressure at the top of the pressure-reducing flash evaporation tower is normal pressure-30KPa; the tubular heater, supercritical settler and desalination tank constitute the fulvic acid desalination subsystem, and the temperature in the tubular heater and the supercritical settler is above 380°C; the wet pulping subsystem is connected to the hydrothermal reaction subsystem through a high-pressure feed pump, and the hydrothermal reaction subsystem is connected to the feed port of the pressure-reducing flash evaporation tower through the bottom of the tower-type delayed reactor, and the flash evaporation and filtration subsystem is connected to the fulvic acid desalination subsystem through the liquid phase outlet of the filter press, forming a safe, clean and efficient disposal system for livestock and poultry manure, realizing the green return of livestock and poultry manure to the fields in the breeding industry.

[0007] Among them, the electromagnetic heating tubular reactor is a tubular reactor in which, under the action of the electromagnetic heating controller, high-frequency alternating current passes through the coil to generate an alternating magnetic field, and the tubular reactor wall and the internal self-mixing strengthening internal components generate eddy current self-heating, thereby achieving uniform heating, rapid temperature rise and hydrothermal reaction of the high-pressure alkaline slurry; the self-mixing strengthening internal components are regular packing type, X-cross plate type or spiral plate type.

[0008] The tower delayed reactor has a height-to-diameter ratio of 3-30:1, and has filler components, grid self-mixing components or an empty tower inside.

[0009] The flash tower is set to 1-2 stages, and the heat exchanger for cooling and liquefying the flash high-temperature steam is a coil heat exchanger.

[0010] The bottom of the supercritical settler is connected to two or more desalting tanks through a cut-off valve.

[0011] The present invention will be described in detail with reference to embodiments. 4. Description of the Figures

[0012] Attachment Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0013] Attachment Figure 1 The following is a description of the drawings:

[0014] 1. High-pressure feed pump 2. Livestock and poultry manure concentration tank 3. Heat exchanger 4. Electromagnetic heating tubular reactor 5. Electromagnetic heating controller 6. Tower delayed reactor 7. Pressure-reducing flash tower 8. Filter press 9. Tubular heater 10. Supercritical settler 11. Desalination tank A, Livestock and poultry manure inlet B, Artificial peat outlet C, Fulvic acid outlet

[0015] The process characteristics of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. 5. Specific implementation methods

[0016] In the embodiment, the livestock and poultry manure concentration adjustment tank (2) is connected to the heat exchanger (3), the electromagnetic pipeline reactor (4) and the tower delay reactor (5) in sequence through the high-pressure feed pump (1), and the heat exchanger (3) is connected to the livestock and poultry manure concentration adjustment tank (2) to form a hydrothermal reaction subsystem, wherein the concentration of the livestock and poultry manure after adjustment is 10%-40%, the flow rate in the electromagnetic pipeline reactor (4) is 1-5 m / s, the reaction temperature is 200-330°C, the pressure is ≥ the saturated pressure of water at the reaction temperature, the reaction time is 1-90 seconds, and the reaction time in the tower delay reactor (6) is 10-50 minutes; the top of the pressure-reducing flash tower (7) is connected to the heat exchanger (3), and the bottom of the tower is connected to the filter press (8) to form The flash evaporation and filtration subsystem has a top pressure of a pressure-reducing flash evaporation tower (7) of normal pressure-30 kPa; a tubular heater (9), a supercritical settler (10) and a desalting tank (11) constitute a fulvic acid desalting subsystem, and the temperature in the tubular heater (9) and the supercritical settler (10) is above 380°C; the wet pulping subsystem is connected to the hydrothermal reaction subsystem via a high-pressure feed pump (1), the hydrothermal reaction subsystem is connected to the feed port of the pressure-reducing flash evaporation tower (7) via the bottom of a tower-type delayed reactor (6), and the flash evaporation and filtration subsystem is connected to the fulvic acid desalting subsystem via the liquid phase outlet of a filter press (8), thereby forming a safe, clean and efficient disposal system for livestock and poultry manure and waste, and realizing the green return of livestock and poultry manure and waste to farmland in the breeding industry.

[0017] The electromagnetic heating tubular reactor (4) is configured such that when a high-frequency alternating current is passed through a coil to generate an alternating magnetic field under the action of an electromagnetic heating controller (5), the tubular reactor wall and the self-mixing strengthening internal components therein generate eddy current self-heating, thereby achieving uniform heating, rapid temperature rise, and hydrothermal reaction of the high-pressure alkaline slurry; and the self-mixing strengthening internal components are of a structured packing type, an X-cross plate type, or a spiral plate type.

[0018] The tower-type delayed reactor (6) has a height-to-diameter ratio of 3-30:1, and has a filler component, a grid self-mixing component or an empty tower inside.

[0019] The pressure-reducing flash tower (7) is set to 1-2 stages, and the heat exchanger (3) for cooling and liquefying the flash high-temperature steam is a coil-type heat exchanger.

[0020] The bottom of the supercritical settler (10) is connected to two or more desalting tanks (11) via a cut-off valve.

[0021] Specific operation: A method for producing artificial peat and fulvic acid from livestock and poultry manure by high-pressure hydrothermal method in the livestock and poultry manure industry, wherein the flash condensate obtained by the heat exchanger (3) is added to the livestock and poultry manure concentration tank (2) from the livestock and poultry manure inlet A to adjust the concentration to 10%-40%, and then pressurized by a high-pressure feed pump (1) into an electromagnetic pipeline reactor (4) for hydrothermal decomposition reaction, wherein the flow rate in the tube is 1-5 m / s, the reaction temperature is 200-330°C, the pressure is ≥ the saturation pressure of water at the reaction temperature, and the reaction time is 1-90 seconds; and then sent to a tower delay reactor (6) to extend the reaction time for 10- The hydrothermal decomposition reaction is further intensified for 50 minutes; then the hydrothermal reaction slurry at the bottom of the tower-type delayed reactor (6) is subjected to gas-solid separation by a pressure-reducing flash tower (7); the gas phase enters the heat exchanger (3) for cooling and liquefaction, and part of the flash condensate is circulated back to the livestock and poultry manure concentration tank (2); the solid slurry is separated by a filter press (8); the solid is filtered to obtain an artificial peat product, and the filtrate is again sent to the tubular heater (9) by a high-pressure pump to be heated to above 380°C and then desalted in a supercritical sedimentator (10); the salt is separated from the desalting tank (11), and the filtrate is mixed with the remaining flash condensate to obtain a fulvic acid product after recovering the waste heat.

[0022] The reaction conditions and experimental results are as follows: a 30wt% livestock and poultry manure solution is subjected to a hydrothermal reaction in an electromagnetic pipeline reactor at a flow rate of 2 m / s, a temperature of 280°C, and a pressure of 2.7 MPa for 10 seconds, and then a delayed reaction is carried out in a tower delayed reactor for 50 minutes; the filtrate is again sent into a tubular heater and a supercritical settler by a high-pressure pump and heated to 380°C for desalination. The yield of artificial peat with a brownish-black humic acid content of 46.5% is 15%, and the rest is fulvic acid with a concentration of 21%. The product does not contain antibiotics, parasite eggs, pathogenic bacteria, viruses, weed seeds, heavy metal elements, and salts.

[0023] The present invention provides a device for producing artificial peat and fulvic acid using a continuous high-pressure hydrothermal method from livestock and poultry manure. The device uses electromagnetic heating pipeline high-pressure hydrothermal decomposition, enhanced hydrothermal decomposition in a tower delayed reactor, and kills antibiotics, parasite eggs, pathogenic bacteria, viruses, and weed seeds in livestock manure, followed by flash separation. The property of supercritical water that it is difficult to dissolve salts is then used to remove heavy metal elements and salt from the hydrothermally decomposed fulvic acid. This yields artificial peat with the same properties as natural peat at a yield of more than 48% (dry basis yield) and fulvic acid with a pH value of 3-4. The electromagnetic heating energy consumption is reduced by 30%, thereby eradicating the two difficult problems of antibiotics and pests, diseases, insects, and weeds, and heavy metals and salt damage, which are difficult to solve in the existing process of producing organic fertilizer from livestock and poultry manure. This ensures the safe, clean, efficient disposal and green return of livestock and poultry manure to farmland.

Claims

1. A device for producing artificial peat and fulvic acid from livestock and poultry manure by continuous high-pressure hydrothermal method, characterized in that The livestock and poultry manure concentration tank is connected to the heat exchanger, electromagnetic heating tubular reactor and tower delay reactor in sequence through a high-pressure feed pump. The heat exchanger is connected to the livestock and poultry manure concentration tank to form a hydrothermal reaction subsystem, wherein the concentration of livestock and poultry manure after conditioning is 10%-40%, the flow rate in the electromagnetic heating tubular reactor is 1-5 m / s, the reaction temperature is 200-330°C, the pressure is not lower than the saturated pressure of water at the reaction temperature, the reaction time is 1-90 seconds, and the reaction time in the tower delay reactor is 10-50 minutes; the pressure reduction flash tower The top of the tower is connected to a heat exchanger, and the bottom of the tower is connected to a filter press to form a flash evaporation and filtration subsystem, and the pressure at the top of the pressure-reducing flash evaporation tower is atmospheric pressure-30KPa; the tubular heater, supercritical settler and desalting tank constitute the fulvic acid desalination subsystem, and the temperature in the tubular heater and the supercritical settler is above 380°C; the wet pulping subsystem is connected to the hydrothermal reaction subsystem through a high-pressure feed pump, and the hydrothermal reaction subsystem is connected to the feed port of the pressure-reducing flash evaporation tower through the bottom of the tower delayed reactor, and the flash evaporation and filtration subsystem is connected to the fulvic acid desalination subsystem through the liquid phase outlet of the filter press.

2. The device for producing artificial peat and fulvic acid from livestock and poultry manure by continuous high-pressure hydrothermal method according to claim 1 is characterized in that The electromagnetic heating tubular reactor is a reactor in which high-frequency alternating current generates an alternating magnetic field through a coil under the action of an electromagnetic heating controller, and the tubular reactor wall and the internal self-mixing strengthening internal components generate eddy current self-heating. The self-mixing strengthening internal components are structured packing type, X-cross plate type or spiral plate type.

3. The device for producing artificial peat and fulvic acid from livestock and poultry manure by continuous high-pressure hydrothermal method according to claim 1 is characterized in that The tower delayed reactor has a height-to-diameter ratio of 3-30:1, and has filler components, grid self-mixing components or an empty tower inside.

4. The device for producing artificial peat and fulvic acid from livestock and poultry manure by continuous high-pressure hydrothermal method according to claim 1 is characterized in that The pressure-reducing flash tower is set to 1-2 stages, and the heat exchanger for cooling the flash high-temperature steam is a coil heat exchanger.

5. The device for producing artificial peat and fulvic acid from livestock and poultry manure by continuous high-pressure hydrothermal method according to claim 1 is characterized in that The bottom of the supercritical settler is connected to two or more desalting tanks through a cut-off valve.

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