Large space multi-vertex cable-membrane structure and its construction method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a large-space multi-vertex cable-membrane structure, belonging to the technical field of building structures. The technology aims to solve the technical problems of large-space structure support and flexible adjustment. The key points of its technical solution are: the cable-membrane structure includes a cable-membrane system and a plurality of support columns, the tension membrane of the cable-membrane system has a plurality of vertices, and the support columns and the vertices support the cable-membrane system. The support column includes: a fully telescopic support rod, which is composed of a 3-level sleeve assembly made of 40Cr alloy steel, and the sleeves of each level are slidably matched, and the inner sleeve can extend from the outer sleeve; a copper-based powder metallurgy friction plate is provided between the sliding matching surfaces of the sleeves, and its length is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the length of the corresponding outer sleeve; it also includes a hoop-type mounting seat, a bolt pressure plate structure, a fixed bracket fixed to the ground, an electric winch and a steel cable, and the steel cable connects the bolt pressure plate structure and the electric winch drum. The present invention is mainly used for structural support of large-space buildings, and has the characteristics of flexible telescopic adjustment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of building structures, and in particular relates to a large-space multi-vertex cable-membrane structure and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the field of architecture, there is an increasing demand for large-space buildings such as tensile membranes, such as exhibition halls, gymnasiums, etc. Traditional large-space structures have certain problems in terms of stability, adjustability, and construction convenience.

[0003] In terms of stability, some structures are prone to deformation or even damage during long-term use due to various external forces, such as wind and earthquake forces. The connection nodes of some structures are not designed reasonably and cannot effectively disperse stress, resulting in local stress concentration, which affects the stability of the entire structure.

[0004] Adjustability is also a shortcoming of traditional large space structures. During the use of the building, the space may need to be adjusted according to different usage requirements, but traditional structures often have difficulty in achieving flexible height or shape adjustment. After the installation of some structures, their height is fixed and cannot adapt to possible subsequent functional changes.

[0005] In terms of construction convenience, the installation process of traditional structures is relatively complicated and requires a lot of manpower and time. Some structural components are heavy and bulky, which makes transportation and installation difficult, increasing construction costs and construction time. Moreover, the connection methods of some structures are not simple and reliable enough, which can easily lead to installation errors during construction, affecting the overall performance of the structure.

[0006] Engineers face many difficulties in solving these problems. For example, when designing connection nodes, it is necessary to consider multiple factors such as material strength, toughness and corrosion resistance, while ensuring that the structure of the node is simple, easy to process and install. When improving the adjustability of the structure, it is necessary to design a reasonable adjustment mechanism to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the adjustment while avoiding the mechanism being too complicated to increase costs and maintenance difficulties. In terms of construction, it is necessary to find more suitable construction processes and methods to improve construction efficiency and quality while reducing construction costs. Summary of the invention

[0007] One object of the present invention is to provide a large-space multi-vertex cable-membrane structure, which can solve the technical problems of the existing tensioned membrane height being unable to be adjusted, poor applicability, and difficult construction. The existing large-space structure has poor stability, unreasonable connection nodes and support structure design, and cannot effectively disperse stress. The present invention improves the stability and adjustability of the structure through the design of specific connection nodes and fully telescopic support rods.

[0008] The present invention also solves the technical problem that when the length of the support column is too long, the stability and safety of the structure may be affected. The present invention limits the length of the support column to no more than 10 meters, ensuring that the structure remains stable within a reasonable length range.

[0009] The present invention also solves the technical problem that a more stable foundation and structure are required for a support column with a length of more than 10 meters. The present invention improves the stability and bearing capacity of a long support column by providing a bottom base and a lattice steel column.

[0010] The present invention further limits the length range of the support column and the fully telescopic support rod to ensure the rationality and safety of the structure at different lengths.

[0011] The present invention also takes into account that different stress conditions in different areas of the lattice steel column are different, and different steel materials and connection methods need to be used. The present invention improves the overall performance of the lattice steel column by reasonably selecting steel materials and connection methods.

[0012] The present invention also considers that the strength and stability of the connection part of the small steel column is crucial to the whole structure. The present invention improves the strength and stability of the connection part by arranging grooves, reinforcing ribs and bolts.

[0013] In order to realize the automatic adjustment of the fully telescopic support rod, a suitable power device is required. The present invention realizes the automatic telescopic adjustment of the fully telescopic support rod by arranging an electric motor and a lead screw nut substructure.

[0014] The present invention also takes into account that the length of the copper-based powder metallurgy friction plate affects its locking effect. The present invention limits its length to 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the sleeve length to ensure the locking effect and structural stability.

[0015] Traditional large space structure construction methods are complex and inefficient. The present invention provides a simple and efficient construction method to improve construction quality and efficiency.

[0016] To this end, the present invention provides a large-space multi-vertex cable-membrane structure, comprising:

[0017] A cable-membrane system, comprising a tension membrane having a plurality of vertices; and

[0018] A plurality of supporting columns corresponding to the plurality of vertices for supporting the cable-membrane system;

[0019] The support column includes a fully telescopic support rod, and the fully telescopic support rod includes:

[0020] The three-stage sleeve assembly is made of 40Cr alloy steel, and the sleeves of each stage are slidably matched, and the inner sleeve can extend from the outer sleeve;

[0021] A copper-based powder metallurgy friction plate is arranged between the sliding mating surfaces of adjacent sleeves, and has a friction coefficient of not less than 0.3. The copper-based powder metallurgy friction plate and its two adjacent sleeves are provided with corresponding bolt holes to achieve locking by tightening the bolts, wherein the length of the copper-based powder metallurgy friction plate is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the length of the corresponding outer sleeve;

[0022] The clamp-type mounting seat is installed on the outer periphery of the inner sleeve after the fully telescopic support rod is stretched into place;

[0023] A bolt pressure plate structure, which is fixed on the outside of the clamp type mounting seat;

[0024] at least one fixed bracket fixed to the ground; and

[0025] at least one electric winch, whose corresponding fixed end is mounted on the fixed bracket;

[0026] At least one steel cable has one end connected to the bolt pressure plate structure and the other end connected to the drum of the corresponding electric winch.

[0027] Preferably, in the large-space multi-vertex cable-membrane structure, the length of the fully telescopic support rod is the smaller value between 10 meters and the length calculated by the following formula:

[0028]

[0029] in, L is the calculated value of the length of the fully telescopic support rod, in meters; E is the elastic modulus of the sleeve material 40Cr alloy steel, the unit is Pa; d is the diameter of the innermost sleeve in meters; k is the film pulling correlation coefficient, and its value range is 2500~2600; G is the total gravity of the cable-membrane system in Newtons; n is the number of support columns; μ is the length coefficient, with a value of 0.7. π Take 3.14; , is the maximum length of the film, b is the maximum width of the film, , β and γ is the empirical coefficient.

[0030] Preferably, in the large-space multi-vertex cable-membrane structure, the fully telescopic support rod further comprises:

[0031] 2 pairs of screw rod and nut pairs, which include a matching first screw rod and a first nut, a second screw rod and a second nut, all of which are installed inside the sleeve assembly, the screw rod and the nut are made of 17-4PH stainless steel, the first screw rod and the second screw rod are both movably inserted in the inner sleeve, the first screw rod is a hollow structure, the inner diameter of the first screw rod is larger than the outer diameter of the second screw rod, and the first screw rod is movably sleeved on the outer periphery of the second screw rod, the bottom end of the second screw rod is pivotally connected to the bottom of the outer sleeve, the corresponding second nut is fixed to the bottom of the middle sleeve, the second screw rod is inserted in the second nut, and the first screw rod is located above the second nut, and its bottom end is bulged and rotatably sleeved on the outer periphery of the second nut, the corresponding first nut is fixed to the bottom of the inner sleeve, and the first screw rod is inserted in the first nut; on the inner wall of the first screw rod, on the outer wall of the second screw rod, and on the opposite surfaces of adjacent sleeves at each level, there are provided with limiting protrusions extending along the telescopic direction of the sleeve and limiting grooves correspondingly slidably connected therewith.

[0032] Preferably, in the large-space multi-vertex cable-membrane structure, the fully telescopic support rod further comprises:

[0033] 2 pairs of screw-nut pairs, comprising a matching first screw and a first nut, a second screw and a second nut, all of which are installed inside a sleeve assembly, the screw and the nut are made of 17-4PH stainless steel, the first screw and the second screw are both movably inserted in the inner sleeve, the first screw is a hollow structure, the inner diameter of the first screw is larger than the outer diameter of the second screw, and the first screw is movably sleeved on the outer periphery of the second screw, the bottom end of the second screw is pivotally connected to the bottom of the outer sleeve, the corresponding second nut is fixed to the bottom of the middle sleeve, the second screw is inserted in the second nut, and the first screw is located above the second nut, and its bottom end is bulged and rotatably sleeved on the outer periphery of the second nut, the corresponding first nut is fixed to the bottom of the inner sleeve, and the first screw is inserted in the first nut; wherein, the inner wall of the first screw is partially provided with a thread matching the second screw, and a limiting guide rail and a corresponding roller extending along the telescopic direction of the sleeve are provided between each level of sleeve.

[0034] Preferably, in the large-space multi-vertex cable-membrane structure, the length of the supporting column exceeds 10 meters, and further comprises:

[0035] The bottom base is a reinforced concrete structure with HRB400 steel bars inside. The concrete strength grade is C30. Anchor bolts are reserved at the top of the bottom base.

[0036] The lattice steel column is made of steel including Q345. The steel column is welded by angle steel to form a spatial truss structure. A first flange is provided at the bottom of the lattice steel column to connect with the reserved anchor bolts, and a second flange is provided at the top of the lattice steel column.

[0037] Among them, a third flange is provided at the bottom of the outermost sleeve of the fully telescopic support rod, and the sleeve is connected to the second flange through the third flange and fastened with M24-M36 bolts.

[0038] Preferably, in the large-space multi-vertex cable-membrane structure, the first screw rod is formed by butting two semi-cylinders, and the two semi-cylinders are connected by a pin;

[0039] The outer periphery of the second nut is provided with an integrally formed recessed annular groove, and the inner surface of the bottom end bulge of the first screw rod is provided with an integrally formed annular protrusion, which matches the recessed annular groove.

[0040] Preferably, in the large-space multi-vertex cable-membrane structure: a connection node is provided at each vertex, the connection node is made of 304L austenitic stainless steel, and has a cross-shaped structure with a central ball socket, and the edge of the cross-shaped structure has a cable connection hole;

[0041] The fully telescopic support pole also includes:

[0042] The ball joint structure includes a ball head and the central ball socket. The ball head of the ball joint structure is installed on the top of the internal sleeve, and the ball head is connected to the central ball socket. A tin bronze wear-resistant bushing is arranged between the ball head and the central ball socket.

[0043] The pin is inserted into the pin hole correspondingly arranged between the outer sleeve and the middle sleeve, and the pin hole correspondingly arranged between the middle sleeve and the inner sleeve after the fully telescopic support rod is stretched into place, and the edge of the pin hole has a slope of 30°~45°.

[0044] Preferably, the large-space multi-vertex cable-membrane structure further comprises:

[0045] A wind sensor is disposed outside any vertex among the plurality of vertices;

[0046] A tension sensor is sleeved on the position of the steel cable close to the bolt pressure plate structure;

[0047] The control system receives data from the wind sensor and the tension sensor, sets a tension threshold value according to the wind data in the wind sensor, compares the tension data in the tension sensor with the tension threshold value, and controls the working state of the electric winch according to the comparison result.

[0048] Preferably, in the large-space multi-vertex cable-membrane structure, the length of the internode of the lattice steel column is 2 to 3 meters, and the internodes near the support point area use small sections of steel columns with a length of 2 meters, and Q690 steel is selected; the internodes in other areas use middle sections of steel columns with a length of 3 meters, and Q345 steel is selected;

[0049] Among them, a mixed connection method of welding and M24-M36 bolts is adopted between the small-section steel columns, between the middle-section steel columns, and between the small-section steel columns and the middle-section steel columns.

[0050] Preferably, in the large-space multi-vertex cable-membrane structure, the connection parts of the small-section steel columns and the connection parts of the middle-section steel columns are both provided with V-shaped or X-shaped grooves; and

[0051] Stiffening ribs, which are provided at the connection positions;

[0052] The connection parts are further fastened by M24-M36 bolts, and the bolts are evenly distributed on the connection surface.

[0053] The present invention also provides a construction method of a large-space multi-vertex cable-membrane structure, comprising the following steps:

[0054] Assemble the three-level sleeve components, which are made of 40Cr alloy steel, to ensure the sliding fit between the sleeves at each level, so that the inner sleeve can extend from the outer sleeve, and install a copper-based powder metallurgy friction plate between the sliding fit surfaces of the sleeves, with a friction coefficient of not less than 0.3, and the length of the copper-based powder metallurgy friction plate is 1 / 3~1 / 2 of the length of the corresponding outer sleeve;

[0055] Each fully telescopic support rod is extended and retracted. When it is stretched to the right position, the relative positions of the three-level sleeves are locked, and a clamp-type mounting seat is installed on the outer periphery of the inner sleeve, and a bolt pressure plate structure is fixed on the outer side of the clamp-type mounting seat; at the same time, the required number of fixed brackets are installed at appropriate positions on the ground, and electric winches are installed on the fixed brackets;

[0056] Connect the two ends of the steel cable to the bolt pressure plate structure and the drum of the corresponding electric winch respectively;

[0057] A plurality of vertices are determined on the stretched membrane, and the plurality of vertices are correspondingly connected to the tops of the inner sleeves of the plurality of support columns.

[0058] The present invention further provides a construction method of a large-space multi-vertex cable-membrane structure, comprising the following steps:

[0059] The bottom foundation is constructed with reinforced concrete structure, HRB400 steel bars are configured inside, the concrete strength grade is C30, anchor bolts are reserved at the top of the bottom foundation, and subsequent operations are carried out after the concrete reaches the designed strength;

[0060] Steel materials including Q345 are selected to make lattice steel columns. Angle steel is welded to form lattice steel columns of spatial truss structure. The length of lattice steel column sections is different. The sections near the support point area use small sections of steel columns with a length of 2 meters and Q690 steel is selected. The sections in other areas use middle sections of steel columns with a length of 3 meters and Q345 steel is selected. A mixed connection method of welding and M24-M36 bolts is used between small sections of steel columns, between middle sections of steel columns, and between small sections of steel columns and middle sections of steel columns. V-shaped or X-shaped grooves are set at the connection parts and stiffening ribs are installed. Bolts are evenly distributed on the connection surface. The first flange is installed at the bottom of the lattice steel column and the second flange is installed at the top.

[0061] Lift the lattice steel column to the top of the bottom base, align the first flange with the reserved anchor bolts, and use M24-M36 bolts to connect and tighten;

[0062] Assemble the three-stage sleeve assembly, which is made of 40Cr alloy steel, to ensure the sliding fit between the sleeves at each level, so that the inner sleeve can extend from the outer sleeve, and install a copper-based powder metallurgy friction plate between the sliding fit surfaces of the sleeves, with a friction coefficient of not less than 0.3, and the length of the copper-based powder metallurgy friction plate is 1 / 3~1 / 2 of the length of the corresponding outer sleeve;

[0063] Two pairs of screw rod and nut pairs are installed inside the sleeve assembly. The screw rod and nut are made of 17-4PH stainless steel. The nested first screw rod and the second screw rod are movably inserted into the inner sleeve. The bottom end of the second screw rod is pivotally connected to the bottom of the outer sleeve. The corresponding second nut is fixed to the bottom of the middle sleeve. The second screw rod is inserted into the second nut. The bottom end of the first screw rod is rotatably connected to the second nut. The corresponding first nut is fixed to the bottom of the inner sleeve. The first screw rod is inserted into the first nut.

[0064] Install the third flange at the bottom of the outermost sleeve of the fully telescopic support rod, lift the fully telescopic support rod to the top of the lattice steel column, align the third flange with the second flange, and fasten them with M24-M36 bolts;

[0065] Operate the screw nut pair to extend and retract the fully telescopic support rod. When it is stretched to the right position, insert the pin into the corresponding pin hole between the outer sleeve and the middle sleeve, and the corresponding pin hole between the middle sleeve and the inner sleeve. The edge of the pin hole has a 30°~45° bevel. Align the copper-based powder metallurgy friction plate with the corresponding bolt holes on the two adjacent sleeves, and lock it by tightening the bolts.

[0066] A ball head of a ball joint structure is installed on the top of the inner sleeve, a clamp-type mounting seat is installed on the outer periphery of the inner sleeve, and a bolt pressure plate structure is fixed on the outer side of the clamp-type mounting seat; at the same time, a fixing bracket is installed on the ground, and an electric winch is installed on the fixing bracket;

[0067] Connect one end of the steel cable to the bolt pressure plate structure, and the other end to the drum of the corresponding electric winch;

[0068] Multiple vertices are determined on the tension film, and connection nodes made of 304L austenitic stainless steel are installed at each vertex. The connection node is in the shape of a cross structure with a central ball socket, and a cable connection hole is provided at the edge of the cross structure; the ball socket of the ball joint structure is connected to the central ball socket, and a tin bronze wear-resistant bushing is provided between the ball head and the central ball socket;

[0069] A wind sensor is arranged on the outside of any vertex among the multiple vertices, and a tension sensor is mounted on the position of the steel cable close to the bolt pressure plate structure. The wind sensor and the tension sensor are connected to the control system. The control system receives data from the wind sensor and the tension sensor, sets a tension threshold value according to the wind data in the wind sensor, compares the tension data in the tension sensor with the tension threshold value, and controls the operation of the electric winch according to the comparison result.

[0070] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0071] The large-space multi-vertex cable-membrane structure of the present invention adopts 304L austenitic stainless steel to make the connection nodes, and utilizes the flexibility of 304L austenitic stainless steel to improve the adaptability of the nodes to the natural environment, especially to wind, frost, rain and snow. The design of the three-level sleeve assembly and the screw nut pair realizes the telescopic adjustment of the support column 3, and the height of the structure can be adjusted according to actual needs, which provides convenience for both use and construction. The setting of the ball joint structure and the tin bronze wear-resistant bushing ensures the flexible connection and wear resistance of the support column and the cable-membrane system. The use of copper-based powder metallurgy friction plates can effectively lock the sleeve and improve the stability of the structure.

[0072] In one embodiment of the present invention, the length of the support column is limited to no more than 10 meters, which can ensure that the fully telescopic support rod works within a reasonable length range and avoid stability problems caused by excessive length. Within this length range, the bearing capacity and anti-deformation ability of the support column or the fully telescopic support rod can be effectively guaranteed, thereby improving the safety of the entire structure.

[0073] For support columns longer than 10 meters, a bottom base and lattice steel columns are set to improve the stability and bearing capacity of the support columns. The reinforced concrete structure of the bottom base and the reserved anchor bolts provide a solid foundation for the support columns. The spatial truss structure of the lattice steel columns effectively disperses stress and enhances the overall performance of the support columns.

[0074] Another embodiment of the present invention further limits the length range of the support column and the fully telescopic support rod, ensuring the rationality and safety of the structure at different lengths. Reasonable length design can make the various parts of the structure bear force evenly, avoiding local stress concentration and structural damage caused by unreasonable length.

[0075] In another embodiment of the present invention, different steel materials and connection methods are used in different areas of the lattice steel column, and the materials are reasonably selected according to the stress conditions, thereby improving the overall performance of the steel column. High-strength Q690 steel is used in the area close to the support point to enhance the bearing capacity of the area; Q345 steel is used in other areas to reduce costs while meeting performance requirements. The mixed connection method of welding and bolts improves the reliability of the connection.

[0076] In another embodiment of the present invention, grooves, stiffening ribs and bolts are provided at the connection parts of the small steel columns, thereby improving the strength and stability of the connection parts. The provision of grooves and stiffening ribs increases the welding area and rigidity of the connection parts, and bolts further enhance the reliability of the connection, thereby ensuring the overall performance of the lattice steel column.

[0077] In one embodiment of the present invention, the fully telescopic support rod is provided with an electric motor and a lead screw nut pair, so as to realize automatic telescopic adjustment. The electric motor provides power, and the lead screw rotates to make the nut rise and fall, thereby driving the corresponding sleeve to rise and fall, making the telescopic adjustment more convenient and accurate, and improving the construction efficiency and the adjustability of the structure.

[0078] In one embodiment of the present invention, the length of the copper-based powder metallurgy friction plate is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the length of the outer sleeve, which ensures the locking effect and structural stability. The appropriate length design can provide sufficient friction between the sliding mating surface of the friction plate and the sleeve, effectively lock the position of the sleeve, and prevent the sleeve from sliding when it is stressed. At the same time, it avoids the problem of increased cost and installation difficulty due to excessively long friction plates, or loose locking due to excessively short friction plates, and ensures the reliability and safety of the structure during use.

[0079] In one embodiment of the present invention, a climbing ladder is provided on the bottom base and / or the lattice steel column, which is convenient for workers to operate or repair the fully telescopic support rods and to construct a large-space multi-vertex cable-membrane structure.

[0080] The construction method of the large-space multi-vertex cable-membrane structure of the present invention has clear steps and is easy to operate, which effectively improves the construction efficiency and quality. During the installation of the support column, the assembly and connection of each component are strictly controlled to ensure the performance and stability of the support column. When installing the cable-membrane system, the connection nodes and cables are accurately connected and tightened so that the entire cable-membrane structure can be accurately built. The construction method of moderately lifting and lowering the fully telescopic support rod can reduce construction errors and manpower input, shorten the construction period, and reduce construction costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0081] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the large-space multi-vertex cable-membrane structure of this application;

[0082] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the 3-stage sleeve assembly;

[0083] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the copper-based powder metallurgy friction plate;

[0084] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure between the second nut and the first screw rod;

[0085] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a clamp-type mounting seat and a bolt pressure plate;

[0086] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the connection nodes for this application;

[0087] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting guide rail between the sleeves and the corresponding rollers.

[0088] Figure markings: 1: vertex; 2: pulling film; 3: supporting column; 4: second screw rod; 5: central ball socket; 6: cross-shaped structure; 7: outer sleeve; 8: middle sleeve; 9: first screw rod; 10: second nut; 12: inner sleeve; 13: lattice steel column; 14: middle steel column; 15: small section steel column; 16: bottom base; 17: fixed bracket; 18: electric winch; 19: steel cable; 20: bolt; 21: copper-based powder metallurgy friction plate; 22: clamp-type mounting seat; 23: bolt pressure plate structure; 101: recessed annular groove; 901: bulging part; 701: limiting guide rail; 801: roller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0089] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention with reference to the description.

[0090] like Figure 1 to Figure 7 As shown, the present invention provides a large-space multi-vertex cable-membrane structure. The large-space multi-vertex cable-membrane structure is mainly composed of a cable-membrane system and a plurality of support columns 3. A plurality of vertices 1 are arranged on the tension membrane 2 of the cable-membrane system, and these vertices 1 correspond one-to-one to a plurality of support columns 3. The support columns 3 support the cable-membrane system to ensure the stability and spatial form of the entire structure. The telescopic support columns 3 improve the practicality and convenience of construction. However, under current technical conditions, only small-sized tensile membranes realize the telescopic function of the support columns 3, while large-sized tensile membranes are quite challenging to realize due to technical difficulties such as structural strength.

[0091] In large space application scenarios, the position and number of support columns 3 are reasonably arranged according to actual space needs and design requirements. For example, for a large space in a large exhibition hall, the distribution of support columns 3 can be determined based on the division of the exhibition area and the flow of people, so that the cable-membrane system can cover the entire exhibition space while ensuring the openness and unobstructedness of the space.

[0092] Therefore, the fully telescopic support rod in the support column 3 is one of the key components of the present structure. The fully telescopic support rod of the present invention also includes a 3-level sleeve assembly. The 3-level sleeve assembly is made of 40Cr alloy steel. This alloy steel has high strength, good toughness and wear resistance, and can withstand greater pressure and tension, thereby ensuring the reliability of the fully telescopic support rod during long-term use. The sleeves at each level are slidably matched, and the sleeve on the inner side can extend from the sleeve on the outer side, thereby realizing the telescopic function of the fully telescopic support rod. In addition to the structure, the appropriate selection of materials is also one of the inventive points of the present application.

[0093] In practical applications, the telescopic length of the fully telescopic support rod is adjusted according to the height requirements of the large space. For example, when building a cable membrane structure for a large stadium, large exhibition, or trade show, the telescopic amount of the 3-stage sleeve can be controlled to make the support column 3 reach a suitable height to meet the spatial height requirements of the venue.

[0094] The copper-based powder metallurgy friction plate 21 is arranged between the sliding mating surfaces of the sleeve, and its friction coefficient is not less than 0.3. In order to prevent the copper-based powder friction plate from sliding randomly, it is fixedly connected to the adjacent outer sleeve. The high friction coefficient can ensure sufficient friction force during the sleeve extension process, prevent the sleeve from sliding by itself, and ensure the stability of the extension operation.

[0095] The copper-based powder metallurgy friction plate 21 and its two adjacent sleeves are provided with corresponding bolt holes. When the fully telescopic support rod is extended to a suitable position, it is locked by tightening the bolt 20. The length of the copper-based powder metallurgy friction plate 21 is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the length of the corresponding outer sleeve. This length design can ensure sufficient friction area and avoid unnecessary weight and cost increase due to the excessive length of the copper-based powder metallurgy friction plate 21.

[0096] For example, during the installation process, when the fully telescopic support rod needs to be fixed at a certain height, the operator first telescopes the sleeve to the target position, and then fastens the copper-based powder metallurgy friction plate 21 to the adjacent sleeve through the bolt 20, so that the entire fully telescopic support rod is firmly locked. This is only one of the locking methods of the present application, and there is also a pin locking later. Preferably, two methods are used to lock at the same time. In view of the fact that the present invention relates to a tensile membrane structure, which is a form of building, its stability is of vital importance. Therefore, in the present invention, we particularly emphasize the design of the reliability of the structure and the overall stability of the building.

[0097] The present invention also includes a hoop-type mounting seat 22, a bolt pressure plate structure 23, at least one fixed bracket 17, at least one electric hoist 18 and at least one steel cable 19. The hoop-type mounting seat 22 is installed on the outer periphery of the inner sleeve 12 after the fully telescopic support rod is stretched into place. The hoop-type mounting seat 22 can be tightly fixed on the sleeve to provide a stable support point for subsequent connecting components.

[0098] The bolt pressure plate structure 23 is fixed on the outer side of the clamp type mounting seat 22, and its function is to connect the steel cable 19 and transmit the tension.

[0099] The fixed bracket 17 is fixed to the ground to provide a stable installation foundation for the electric winch 18. The fixed end of the electric winch 18 is installed on the fixed bracket 17, one end of the steel cable 19 is connected to the bolt pressure plate structure 23, and the other end is connected to the drum of the corresponding electric winch 18.

[0100] When it is necessary to further adjust the cable-membrane system or apply tension to enhance the stability of the structure, start the electric winch 18. The drum of the electric winch 18 rotates, retracts and releases the steel cable 19, and pulls the bolt pressure plate structure 23 and the clamp-type mounting seat 22 through the steel cable 19, thereby applying tension to the fully telescopic support rod to prevent the fully telescopic support rod from tipping over. This tension is transmitted to the cable-membrane system, which can adjust the tension and shape of the cable-membrane to better adapt to the force requirements of a large space.

[0101] For example, when encountering severe weather such as strong winds, the steel cable 19 is tightened by the electric winch 18 to increase the tension of the cable-membrane system and improve the wind resistance of the structure; when the cable-membrane system needs to be inspected or maintained, the steel cable 19 can be loosened by the electric winch 18 to reduce the tension of the cable-membrane system and facilitate operation by operators.

[0102] It is these designs, taken together, that solve the technical problem that a large-space multi-vertex cable-membrane structure cannot use a telescopic structure. Through the above structural design, the large-space multi-vertex cable-membrane structure solves multiple problems in the prior art.

[0103] In terms of telescopic and locking of the support column 3, the sliding fit of the three-stage sleeve assembly and the use of the copper-based powder metallurgy friction plate 21 ensure the smoothness of the telescopic process and the firmness of the locking. It avoids the problems of jamming and looseness that are prone to occur in traditional telescopic structures, and improves the reliability and stability of the support column 3. In addition, the three-stage sleeve assembly in the present invention abandons the traditional method of machining threads on the sleeve and replaces it with two pairs of screw nut pairs, which is not only easy to process, but also has greater structural strength.

[0104] In terms of adjustment and stress of the cable-membrane system, the synergistic effect of the electric winch 18, the steel cable 19, the clamp-type mounting seat 22 and the bolt pressure plate structure 23 enables the cable-membrane system to be flexibly adjusted according to actual conditions. It can effectively cope with different external environments and usage requirements, such as bad weather, different spatial loads, etc., ensuring the safety and stability of the entire large-space multi-vertex cable-membrane structure, and achieving efficient use of large spaces and good spatial modeling.

[0105] Furthermore, another embodiment of the present invention includes: the length of the fully telescopic support rod is the smaller value of 10 meters and the length calculated by the following formula:

[0106]

[0107] in, L is the calculated value of the length of the fully telescopic support rod, in meters; E is the elastic modulus of the sleeve material 40Cr alloy steel, the unit is Pa; d is the diameter of the innermost sleeve in meters; k is the film pulling correlation coefficient, and its value range is 2500~2600; G is the total gravity of the cable-membrane system in Newtons; n is the number of support columns; μ is the length coefficient, with a value of 0.7. π Take 3.14; , is the maximum length of the film, b is the maximum width of the film, , β and γ is the empirical coefficient.

[0108] This formula was constructed by the applicant when studying this technical problem. The core is the applicant's design. There is a relationship between the length of the fully telescopic support rod and the total weight of the cable-membrane system, and the length and width of the stretched membrane. The empirical parameter range is: Between 12 and 15, β Between 0.4 and 0.6, γ Between 0.4 and 0.6, one set of data is like this . Because the calculation of the length of the fully telescopic support rod is a very complicated process under the premise of ensuring strength, this application also uses the 10-meter engineering test value as the minimum height based on the formula calculation.

[0109] According to another embodiment, two pairs of screw rod and nut pairs are installed in the fully telescopic support rod, including corresponding first screw rod 9 and first nut, second screw rod 4 and second nut 10, and both screw rod and nut are made of 17-4PH stainless steel. This material has high strength, good corrosion resistance and toughness, can ensure the reliability of screw rod and nut pairs during long-term use, and adapt to the complex environment such as humidity and dust that may exist in the exhibition center.

[0110] Structural features of the first screw rod 9 and the second screw rod 4: The first screw rod 9 and the second screw rod 4 are both movably inserted in the internal sleeve 12. The first screw rod 9 is designed as a hollow structure, and its inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the second screw rod 4, and is movably sleeved on the outer periphery of the second screw rod 4. This design enables the second screw rod 4 to move smoothly in the hollow part of the first screw rod 9, realizing the nesting cooperation of the two-stage screw rods.

[0111] The bottom end of the second screw rod 4 is pivoted to the bottom of the outer sleeve 7, and the corresponding second nut 10 is fixed to the bottom of the middle sleeve 8, and the second screw rod 4 is inserted into the second nut 10. This connection mode enables the middle sleeve 8 to perform telescopic movement relative to the outer sleeve 7 when the outer sleeve 7 is stationary and the second screw rod 4 rotates. The second screw rod 4 may be driven by a motor.

[0112] The first screw rod 9 is located above the second nut 10, and its bottom end is bulged and rotatably sleeved on the outer periphery of the second nut 10. The corresponding first nut is fixed at the bottom of the internal sleeve 12, and the first screw rod 9 is inserted into the first nut. This special structural design of the first screw rod 9 ensures a stable connection between it and the second nut 10, so as to make the first screw rod 9 rotate smoothly.

[0113] The matching structure of the first screw rod 9 and the second screw rod 4 is as follows: a limiting protrusion is provided on the inner wall of the first screw rod 9 to match the limiting groove extending along the length direction of the second screw rod 4 provided on the outer wall thereof, and the limiting protrusion is slidably inserted in the limiting groove. When the second screw rod 4 rotates, on the one hand, the middle sleeve 8 is driven to move by the cooperation with the second nut 10, and on the other hand, the first screw rod 9 is driven to rotate by the cooperation with the limiting protrusion and the limiting groove between the inner wall of the first screw rod 9 and the second screw rod 4, and then the first screw rod 9 drives the internal sleeve 12 to move by the cooperation with the first nut (not shown in the figure).

[0114] The inner wall of the first screw rod 9 is provided with a limit convex block, which greatly reduces the difficulty of processing and matching. In fact, the limit convex block does not necessarily need to be made on the inner wall of the first screw rod 9, but can be welded to the inner wall of the first screw rod 9.

[0115] During the construction of the exhibition center, the fully telescopic support rod is adjusted according to the height requirements of different exhibition halls. The driving device (such as a motor) is started to drive the second screw rod 4 to rotate, and the second screw rod 4 cooperates with the second nut 10 to extend or retract the middle sleeve 8 relative to the outer sleeve 7. At the same time, the limiting groove of the second screw rod 4 drives the first screw rod 9 to rotate by cooperating with the limiting protrusion on the inner wall of the first screw rod 9, and the first screw rod 9 cooperates with the first nut to extend or retract the inner sleeve 12 relative to the middle sleeve 8. Through the coordinated work of the two-stage screw rod and nut pair, the precise telescopic adjustment of the fully telescopic support rod is achieved.

[0116] A limiting guide rail 701 and a corresponding roller 801 extending along the sleeve extension direction are provided between each level of the sleeve. This ensures that the first nut and the second nut 10 both move in a straight line. The sleeve is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and can also be a square, rectangular, etc. For example, Figure 7 As shown, the inner wall of the outer sleeve 7 is installed with a limiting guide rail 701, and the limiting guide rail 701 limits the middle sleeve 8 to move only in a straight line, and does not perform rotational movement. The outer wall of the middle sleeve 8 is provided with a roller 801 corresponding to the limiting guide rail 701. The roller 801 is constrained in the limiting guide rail 701, thereby realizing that the middle sleeve 8 can only move in a straight line. The figure only shows the limiting structure between the outer sleeve 7 and the middle sleeve 8. Obviously, a limiting structure should also be provided between the middle sleeve 8 and the inner sleeve 12. It is also possible to set the matching limiting guide rail and roller structure as mutually matching limiting grooves and limiting protrusions extending along the telescopic direction of the sleeve, and the limiting protrusions are slidably inserted in their corresponding limiting grooves to ensure that the first nut, the second nut 10, and the sleeves of each level move in a straight line.

[0117] High-precision adjustment: The transmission method of the screw-nut pair can achieve precise displacement control, and the telescopic accuracy of the fully telescopic support rod can be controlled at the centimeter level, meeting the precise height requirements of different areas of the convention and exhibition center.

[0118] Good stability: The screw and nut made of 17-4PH stainless steel have good strength and corrosion resistance, which ensures the stability of the screw and nut pair during long-term use and reduces maintenance costs and the probability of failure.

[0119] Efficient space utilization: The hollow structure design of the first screw rod 9 and the nested cooperation of the two-stage screw rods enable the fully telescopic support rod to achieve a large telescopic stroke in a limited space, improve the space utilization efficiency, and adapt to the large space of the exhibition center.

[0120] According to another embodiment, if the length of the support column 3 exceeds 10 meters, the fully telescopic support rods cannot be used. In this case, the support column 3 also includes a bottom base 16. The base is made of reinforced concrete structure, and HRB400 steel bars are configured inside. Such steel bars have high strength and good toughness, and can effectively enhance the bearing capacity of the base. The concrete strength grade is C30, which can provide sufficient compressive resistance. According to the design requirements and geological conditions of sports venues, large exhibitions, and exhibitions, the bottom base 16 is precisely designed to ensure that it can bear the weight of the entire support column 3 and the cable membrane system.

[0121] Anchor bolts are reserved at the top of the bottom base 16, and the specifications and positions of the anchor bolts are precisely calculated and positioned to ensure accurate installation of the subsequent lattice steel column 13. For example, the anchor bolts are of M30 specification and are evenly distributed on the top of the base according to the designed spacing, providing a reliable foundation for the connection of the lattice steel column 13.

[0122] The lattice steel column 13 is made of Q345 steel, which has good comprehensive mechanical properties and can meet the strength and stability requirements of the support column 3. The lattice steel column 13 is welded by angle steel to form a spatial truss structure. This structural form can not only reduce the deadweight of the steel column, but also improve its bearing capacity and anti-deformation ability.

[0123] A first flange is provided at the bottom of the lattice steel column 13, which is connected to the reserved anchor bolts at the top of the bottom base 16 through the first flange. During installation, the lattice steel column 13 is hoisted above the base, the bolt holes on the first flange are aligned with the anchor bolts, and then the nuts are tightened to ensure a firm connection. A second flange is provided at the top of the lattice steel column 13 to prepare for connection with the fully telescopic support rod.

[0124] The bottom of the outermost sleeve of the fully telescopic support rod is provided with a third flange. Since the length of the support column 3 exceeds 10 meters, the fully telescopic support rod plays a role of height adjustment and fine support in the entire support system.

[0125] The outer sleeve 7 is connected to the second flange on the top of the lattice steel column 13 through the third flange and fastened with M24-M36 bolts. In this embodiment, M30 bolts are selected for connection. During the connection process, the connection surfaces of the two flanges are first cleaned and polished to ensure that the connection surfaces are flat and clean. Then the two flanges are aligned, the bolts are inserted and the nuts are tightened evenly, and the operation is performed according to the specified torque value to ensure the tightness and reliability of the connection.

[0126] The reinforced concrete structure and reasonable reinforcement of the bottom base 16, as well as the spatial truss structure of the lattice steel column 13, make the entire support column 3 have high stability and bearing capacity, and can effectively resist various loads that may be exerted on stadiums, large exhibitions, and exhibitions during use, such as crowd loads, equipment loads, and wind loads.

[0127] The selection of HRB400 steel bars, C30 concrete and Q345 steel ensures the durability of each part of the support column 3, can meet the requirements of long-term use in stadiums, large-scale exhibitions and trade shows, and reduces the cost of subsequent maintenance and replacement.

[0128] According to another embodiment, the first screw rod 9 is formed by docking two semi-cylinders. During the processing, the dimensions of the two semi-cylinders are precisely controlled to ensure that the first screw rod 9 after docking meets the design requirements. After the processing is completed, the two semi-cylinders are connected by pins. The diameter and length of the pins are determined by calculation and testing to ensure the connection strength and stability of the first screw rod 9. When connecting, the two semi-cylinders are first aligned, and then the pins are inserted and fixed, so that the first screw rod 9 becomes an integral structure.

[0129] The two semi-cylinders can also be welded after installation to increase strength. A mortise and tenon joint structure can also be provided on the connecting surface of the two semi-cylinders.

[0130] The outer periphery of the second nut 10 is provided with a recessed annular groove 101 by means of integral mold forming. At the same time, an annular protrusion is also integrally formed on the inner surface of the bottom end bulge 901 of the first screw rod 9 by means of integral mold forming. During assembly, the bottom end bulge 901 of the first screw rod 9 is aligned with the second nut 10 so that the annular protrusion is precisely matched with the recessed annular groove 101. The annular protrusion is rotatably inserted into the recessed annular groove 101. This matching mode can not only realize the positioning between the first screw rod 9 and the second nut 10, but also stabilize the rotation of the first screw rod 9 to a certain extent.

[0131] According to another embodiment of the present invention, a ball head of a ball joint structure is installed on the top of the inner sleeve 12, and a tin bronze wear-resistant bushing is arranged between the ball head and the central ball socket 5 of the connection node. The ball head and the central ball socket 5 have high matching accuracy, and the tin bronze wear-resistant bushing further reduces the friction between the ball head and the central ball socket 5.

[0132] The ball-joint structure allows the fully telescopic support rod to adjust its angle within a certain range, thereby adapting to some vibrations and avoiding structural damage that may be caused by rigid connection. At the same time, when the cable-membrane system is subjected to uneven wind force, the ball-joint structure can make the connection between the support column 3 and the cable-membrane system more flexible, ensuring the overall stability of the structure.

[0133] After the fully telescopic support rod is stretched to the right position, pin holes are correspondingly arranged on the outer sleeve 7 and the middle sleeve 8, and on the middle sleeve 8 and the inner sleeve 12. Considering that the fully telescopic support rod may be located at a high place, the edges of the pin holes have a 30° to 45° bevel. Pins are inserted into these pin holes, and the bevel design makes it easier to insert and remove the pins, and at the same time provides a better locking effect after insertion.

[0134] The connection nodes are made of 304L austenitic stainless steel. In the environment of stadiums, large exhibitions, and trade shows, this material can resist the erosion of factors such as moisture and air pollution. In particular, it has high flexibility, ensuring the long-term stability of the performance of the connection nodes and adapting to environmental changes.

[0135] Furthermore, the combination of these structures can also adapt to the thermal expansion and contraction deformation between the cable-membrane system and the support column 3, so that the structure can maintain a stable connection state under different temperature conditions and avoid stress concentration caused by temperature changes.

[0136] After the pin is inserted into the pin hole, it cooperates with the copper-based powder metallurgy friction plate 21 in front to accurately lock the position of the sleeve, ensuring that the height error of the support column 3 is controlled within a very small range, and greatly improves the reliability of the fully telescopic support rod.

[0137] According to another embodiment of the present invention, a high-precision wind sensor is selected, such as a Vaisala WMT700 series sensor. The sensor can measure wind speed and wind direction simultaneously with high precision and reliability. The wind sensor is installed outside any vertex 1 among the multiple vertices 1 to ensure that it can accurately measure the wind conditions in the environment.

[0138] A sensor suitable for measuring the tension of the steel cable 19 is selected, such as the U2A series tension sensor of HBM. The tension sensor is sleeved on the position of the steel cable 19 close to the bolt pressure plate structure 23 to accurately measure the tension of the steel cable 19.

[0139] An industrial-grade programmable logic controller (PLC) can be used as the core of the control system, such as the Siemens S7-1200 series PLC. PLC has powerful computing and data processing capabilities, and can receive data from wind sensors and tension sensors and process them according to preset logic.

[0140] The electric winch 18 is controlled by PLC to start, stop, forward and reverse to adjust the tension of the steel cable 19.

[0141] Connect the signal output line (such as Ethernet) of the wind sensor to the analog input module of the PLC to transmit the wind speed and direction data through analog signals.

[0142] The signal output line of the tension sensor is connected to another analog input module of the PLC to obtain the tension data of the steel cable 19.

[0143] The control circuit of the electric winch 18 is connected to the digital output module of the PLC, and the operation of the electric winch 18 is controlled by the digital signal output by the PLC. The tension threshold range is between 14-17 tons, and the preferred value of the tension threshold in this application is 15.8 tons.

[0144] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, in the area of ​​the lattice steel column 13 close to the foundation support point, due to the large pressure and bending moment borne here, a small section of steel column 15 with a length of 2 meters is selected, and the material is Q690 steel. Q690 steel has high strength and good toughness and can withstand large loads. In other areas of the lattice steel column 13, a middle section steel column 14 with a length of 3 meters is selected, and the material is Q345 steel. Q345 steel has good comprehensive mechanical properties and relatively low cost. For the middle part of most of the lattice steel columns 13 inside the exhibition hall, the use of this middle section steel column 14 can reduce costs while meeting structural requirements.

[0145] Whether between the small steel columns 15, between the middle steel columns 14, or between the small steel columns 15 and the middle steel columns 14, a mixed connection method of welding and M24-M36 bolts is adopted.

[0146] First, welding is carried out, and the welding process is strictly carried out in accordance with relevant standards to ensure the quality and strength of the weld. For example, carbon dioxide gas shielded welding is used, and the steel surface is cleaned before welding to remove impurities such as oil, rust, etc.

[0147] After welding, use M24-M36 bolts for further tightening. Select bolts of appropriate specifications according to the actual stress conditions and design requirements. For example, choose M36 bolts for parts with greater stress, and choose M24 bolts for parts with relatively less stress. When installing bolts, ensure that the tightening torque meets the regulations to ensure the reliability of the connection.

[0148] According to another embodiment of the present invention, V-shaped or X-shaped grooves are provided at the connection parts of the small steel column 15 and the connection parts of the middle steel column 14. When the small steel column 15 or the middle steel column 14 is mainly subjected to axial force, a V-shaped groove can be selected; when the small steel column 15 or the middle steel column 14 is subjected to large bending moment and shear force, it is more appropriate to select an X-shaped groove. Stiffening ribs are provided at the connection parts of the small steel column 15 or the middle steel column 14, and the stiffening ribs can improve the local stiffness and stability of the connection parts. The connection parts are further tightened by M24-M36 bolts, and the bolts are evenly distributed on the connection surface. Before installing the bolts, drill holes on the connection surface, and the diameter and spacing of the holes must meet the design requirements.

[0149] The present invention also provides a specific embodiment of the construction method of the large-space multi-vertex cable-membrane structure, including:

[0150] The bottom base 16 is constructed according to the design requirements and adopts a reinforced concrete structure. HRB400 steel bars are selected, and the standard value of its yield strength is 400MPa, which meets the structural strength requirements. The concrete strength grade is C30, and the working performance and strength growth of the concrete are ensured through reasonable mix ratio design. The anchor bolts are accurately reserved at the top of the bottom base 16, and the specifications and positions of the anchor bolts are strictly determined according to the design drawings. After the concrete is poured, proper maintenance is carried out, and subsequent operations are carried out after the concrete reaches 100% of the design strength.

[0151] Q345 steel is used to make most of the lattice steel columns 13, and Q690 steel is used to make the small steel columns 15 near the support point area. The angle steel is welded to form a spatial truss structure to ensure the stability and bearing capacity of the lattice steel columns 13. The length of the lattice steel columns 13 is set according to the design requirements. The small steel columns 15 (Q690 steel) with a length of 2 meters are used near the support point area, and the middle steel columns 14 (Q345 steel) with a length of 3 meters are used in other areas. A mixed connection method of welding and M30 bolts is used between the small steel columns 15, between the middle steel columns 14, and between the small steel columns 15 and the middle steel columns 14. A V-shaped groove is set at the connection part with a groove angle of 60°, and stiffening ribs are installed. The thickness of the stiffening ribs is 10mm, and the bolts are evenly distributed on the connection surface to ensure the strength and rigidity of the connection part. A first flange is installed at the bottom of the lattice steel column 13, and a second flange is installed at the top. The size of the flange and the arrangement of bolt holes are determined according to the design load and connection requirements.

[0152] Use a large crane to lift the lattice steel column 13 to the top of the corresponding bottom base 16, so that the first flange is accurately aligned with the reserved anchor bolts. Use M30 bolts for connection and tightening, and operate according to the principle of symmetry and step-by-step tightening to ensure the reliability of the connection.

[0153] Assemble the three-level sleeve components, which are made of 40Cr alloy steel. Through precision machining, ensure that the sleeves at each level slide well together, and the sleeve on the inner side can smoothly extend from the sleeve on the outer side. Install the copper-based powder metallurgy friction plate 21 between the sleeve sliding surfaces, and its friction coefficient is tested to be 0.35, meeting the requirement of not less than 0.3. The copper-based powder metallurgy friction plate 21 is fixedly connected to the adjacent outer sleeve and its length is 1 / 2 of the length of the corresponding outer sleeve.

[0154] Two pairs of screw rods and nuts are installed inside the sleeve assembly, and the screw rods and nuts are made of 17-4PH stainless steel. The nested first screw rod 9 and the second screw rod 4 are moved and inserted into the inner sleeve 12, the bottom end of the second screw rod 4 is pivoted to the bottom of the outer sleeve 7, the corresponding second nut 10 is fixed to the bottom of the middle sleeve 8, and the second screw rod 4 is inserted into the second nut 10; the bottom end of the first screw rod 9 is rotatably connected to the second nut 10, the corresponding first nut is fixed to the bottom of the inner sleeve 12, and the first screw rod 9 is inserted into the first nut.

[0155] Fully telescopic support pole installation:

[0156] The third flange is installed at the bottom of the outermost sleeve of the fully telescopic support rod, and the fully telescopic support rod is hoisted to the top of the lattice steel column 13 by a crane, so that the third flange is aligned with the second flange, and M30 bolts are used for fastening connection.

[0157] Fully telescopic support rod adjustment and fixing:

[0158] The screw nut pair is operated to extend and retract the fully telescopic support rod. Through precise measurement and control, when it is stretched into place, the pin is inserted into the corresponding pin hole between the outer sleeve 7 and the middle sleeve 8, and the corresponding pin hole between the middle sleeve 8 and the inner sleeve 12. The bevel angle of the pin hole edge is 40° to ensure smooth insertion and reliable connection of the pin; and the bolts are inserted into the corresponding aligned bolt holes on the copper-based powder metallurgy friction plate 21 and the two adjacent sleeves and tightened to achieve further locking.

[0159] A ball head of a ball joint structure is installed on the top of the inner sleeve 12, a clamp-type mounting seat 22 is installed on the outer periphery of the inner sleeve 12, and a bolt pressure plate structure 23 is fixed on the outer side of the clamp-type mounting seat 22; at the same time, the required number of fixed brackets 17 are selected and installed at appropriate positions on the ground, and an electric winch 18 is installed on the fixed brackets 17.

[0160] The two ends of the steel cable 19 are respectively connected to the bolt pressure plate structure 23 and the drum of the corresponding electric winch 18 .

[0161] A plurality of vertices 1 are precisely determined on the pulling film 2, and a connection node made of 304L austenitic stainless steel is installed at each vertex 1. The connection node is in the shape of a cross-shaped structure 6 with a central ball socket 5, and the diameter of the cable connection hole at the edge of the cross-shaped structure is 20 mm. The ball head of the ball joint structure is connected to the central ball socket 5, and a tin bronze wear-resistant bushing is set between the ball head and the central ball socket 5. The bushing thickness is 5 mm to reduce friction and wear and ensure the flexibility and stability of the connection.

[0162] The multiple support columns 3 are installed corresponding to the multiple vertices 1 of the stretched membrane 2. After comprehensive inspection and debugging, the support installation of the cable-membrane system is completed. In the subsequent use process, the large-space multi-vertex cable-membrane structure provides stable and reliable space support for sports venues, large exhibitions, and exhibitions, meeting the use function and aesthetic requirements of the venues.

[0163] A wind sensor is arranged on the outside of any vertex among the multiple vertices, and a tension sensor is mounted on the position of the steel cable close to the bolt pressure plate structure. The wind sensor and the tension sensor are connected to the control system. The control system receives data from the wind sensor and the tension sensor, sets a tension threshold value according to the wind data in the wind sensor, compares the tension data in the tension sensor with the tension threshold value, and controls the operation of the electric winch according to the comparison result.

[0164] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and the implementation modes, and they can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. Large space multi-vertex cable-membrane structure, characterized by: include: A cable-membrane system, comprising a tension membrane, wherein the tension membrane is provided with a plurality of vertices; A plurality of support columns, corresponding to a plurality of vertices, are used to support the cable-membrane system, wherein the support columns include a fully telescopic support rod, and the fully telescopic support rod includes: The three-stage sleeve assembly is made of 40Cr alloy steel, and the sleeves of each stage are slidably matched, and the inner sleeve can extend from the outer sleeve; A copper-based powder metallurgy friction plate is arranged between the sliding mating surfaces of adjacent sleeves, and has a friction coefficient of not less than 0.

3. The length of the copper-based powder metallurgy friction plate is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the length of the corresponding outer sleeve; A hoop-type mounting seat, which is mounted on the outer periphery of the inner sleeve after the fully telescopic support rod is stretched into place; A bolt pressure plate structure, which is fixed on the outside of the clamp type mounting seat; at least one fixed bracket fixed to the ground; At least one electric winch, which is correspondingly arranged on the fixed bracket; At least one steel cable, one end of which is connected to the bolt pressure plate structure, and the other end of which is connected to the drum of the corresponding electric winch; The length of the fully telescopic support rod is the smaller value between 10 meters and the length calculated by the following formula: in, L is the calculated value of the length of the fully telescopic support rod, in meters; E is the elastic modulus of the sleeve material 40Cr alloy steel, the unit is Pa; d is the diameter of the innermost sleeve in meters; k is the film pulling correlation coefficient, and its value range is 2500~2600; G is the total gravity of the cable-membrane system in Newtons; n is the number of support columns; μ is the length coefficient, with a value of 0.

7. π Take 3.14; , a is the maximum length of the film, b is the maximum width of the film, α , β and γ is the empirical coefficient.

2. The large-space multi-vertex cable-membrane structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fully telescopic support rod also includes: 2 pairs of screw-nut pairs, which include a matching first screw and a first nut, a second screw and a second nut, all of which are installed inside the sleeve assembly, the first screw and the second screw are both movably inserted in the internal sleeve, the first screw is a hollow structure, and is movably sleeved on the outer periphery of the second screw, the bottom end of the second screw is pivotally connected to the bottom of the external sleeve, the second nut is fixed to the bottom of the middle sleeve, the first screw is located above the second nut, and its bottom end is inflated and rotatably sleeved on the outer periphery of the second nut, and the first nut is fixed to the bottom of the internal sleeve; limiting protrusions extending along the telescopic direction of the sleeve and limiting grooves corresponding to the corresponding sliding connections are arranged on the inner wall of the first screw, the outer wall of the second screw, and the opposite surfaces of adjacent sleeves at each level.

3. The large-space multi-vertex cable-membrane structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support column is more than 10 meters in length and also includes: The bottom base has anchor bolts reserved on the top; A lattice steel column, the bottom of which is provided with a first flange to be connected with a reserved anchor bolt, and the top of the lattice steel column is provided with a second flange; Wherein, a third flange is provided at the bottom of the outermost sleeve of the fully telescopic support rod, and the third flange is connected to the second flange.

4. The large-space multi-vertex cable-membrane structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first screw rod is formed by butting two semi-cylinders, and the two semi-cylinders are connected by a pin; The outer periphery of the second nut is provided with an integrally formed recessed annular groove, and the inner surface of the bottom end bulge of the first screw rod is provided with an integrally formed annular protrusion, and the annular protrusion matches the recessed annular groove.

5. The large-space multi-vertex cable-membrane structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connection node is provided at each vertex, and its shape is a cross-shaped structure with a central ball socket, and a cable connection hole is provided at the edge of the cross-shaped structure; the fully telescopic support rod also includes: a ball joint structure, which includes a ball head and the central ball socket, the ball head is installed on the top of the internal sleeve, the ball head is connected to the central ball socket, and a tin bronze wear-resistant bushing is provided between the ball head and the central ball socket.

6. The large-space multi-vertex cable-membrane structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A wind sensor is disposed outside any vertex among the plurality of vertices; A tension sensor is sleeved on a position of the steel cable close to the bolt pressure plate structure; A control system receives data from the wind sensor and the tension sensor, sets a tension threshold value according to the wind data in the wind sensor, compares the tension data in the tension sensor with the tension threshold value, and controls the working state of the electric winch according to the comparison result.

7. The large-space multi-vertex cable-membrane structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lattice steel columns are welded from angle steels to form a spatial truss structure. The internode length of the lattice steel columns is 2 to 3 meters. The internodes close to the support point area are small steel columns with a length of 2 meters, and the small steel columns are made of Q690 steel; the internodes in other areas are middle steel columns with a length of 3 meters, and the middle steel columns are made of Q345 steel.

8. The large-space multi-vertex cable-membrane structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The connection parts of the small-section steel columns and the connection parts of the middle-section steel columns are both provided with V-shaped or X-shaped grooves and stiffening ribs.

9. The construction method of a large-space multi-vertex cable-membrane structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Assemble the three-level sleeve components, which are made of 40Cr alloy steel, to ensure the sliding fit between the sleeves at each level, so that the inner sleeve can extend from the outer sleeve, and install a copper-based powder metallurgy friction plate between the sliding fit surfaces of the sleeves, with a friction coefficient of not less than 0.3, and the length of the copper-based powder metallurgy friction plate is 1 / 3~1 / 2 of the length of the corresponding outer sleeve; Each fully telescopic support rod is extended and retracted. When it is stretched to the right position, the relative positions of the three-level sleeves are locked, and a clamp-type mounting seat is installed on the outer periphery of the inner sleeve, and a bolt pressure plate structure is fixed on the outer side of the clamp-type mounting seat; at the same time, the required number of fixed brackets are installed at appropriate positions on the ground, and electric winches are installed on the fixed brackets; Connect the two ends of the steel cable to the bolt pressure plate structure and the drum of the corresponding electric winch respectively; A plurality of vertices are determined on the stretched membrane, and the plurality of vertices are correspondingly connected to the tops of the inner sleeves of the plurality of support columns.

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