A negative stiffness amplification device and its design method

Abstract

The present invention provides a negative stiffness amplification device and a design method thereof. The negative stiffness amplification device includes a pre-stressed disc spring mechanism and upper and lower elbow steel supports; the pre-stressed disc spring mechanism and the lower elbow steel support are connected by a pin shaft and form a straight line, and the upper and lower ends of the two are connected to the frame structure by pin shafts respectively; the two ends of the upper elbow steel support are also connected to the frame structure and the lower elbow steel support by pin shafts respectively. When the frame structure is deformed, the pre-stressed disc spring mechanism generates a tangential force, and the direction of the tangential force is opposite to the movement direction of the upper and lower supports, forming a negative stiffness effect. The negative stiffness effect can also be amplified by forming a geometric relationship through the angle between the pre-stressed disc spring mechanism and the upper and lower elbow steel supports. The present invention can not only improve the negative stiffness effect, reduce the structural stiffness and reduce the seismic effect while ensuring that the structural bearing capacity remains unchanged, but also protect the main structure and provide support for the application of negative stiffness devices in the field of civil engineering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of vibration reduction and isolation, and in particular relates to a negative stiffness amplification device and a design method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Traditional shock absorption technology improves structural performance by providing positive stiffness or damping to the structure to absorb or dissipate earthquakes. However, the effects of the above-mentioned shock absorption technology are limited by the structural layout and building function. The building function restricts the layout of the damper, and the structural layout also affects the performance of the damper.

[0003] Negative stiffness dampers differ from traditional dampers in that their action is opposite to that of traditional displacement dampers, deviating from the structure's equilibrium position, which facilitates structural design. Most existing negative stiffness dampers utilize preloaded springs, memory alloys, friction dampers, and ratchet one-way action principles. However, these methods limit the stiffness contribution of the negative stiffness. The stiffness of negative stiffness dampers reported in existing literature typically ranges from -0.01 to 1 kN / mm, which is still significantly lower than the structural stiffness and seismic effects. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a negative stiffness amplification device and a design method thereof based on the deficiencies of the existing technology. Through a clever structural arrangement, the prestressed disc spring mechanism is connected to the upper and lower elbow steel supports, and the angle between the prestressed disc spring mechanism and the upper and lower elbow steel supports is used to form a geometric relationship to amplify the negative stiffness effect of the prestressed disc spring mechanism on the frame structure. This can not only effectively improve the negative stiffness effect, reduce the structural stiffness and reduce the seismic effect while ensuring that the structural bearing capacity remains unchanged, but also effectively protect the main structure, providing favorable support for the application of negative stiffness devices in the field of civil engineering.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] One aspect of the present invention is to provide a negative stiffness amplification device that can be applied to a frame structure, which includes a pre-stressed disc spring mechanism, an upper elbow joint steel support and a lower elbow joint steel support; the pre-stressed disc spring mechanism and the lower elbow joint steel support are located in the same straight line and are connected up and down by a pin shaft, and the upper and lower ends of the two are respectively connected to the frame structure by a pin shaft; the upper and lower ends of the upper elbow joint steel support are also respectively connected to the frame structure and the lower elbow joint steel support by a pin shaft; the angle between the upper elbow joint steel support and the lower elbow joint steel support is an obtuse angle; when the frame structure is deformed, the pre-stressed disc spring mechanism generates a tangential force opposite to the movement direction of the upper elbow joint steel support and the lower elbow joint steel support to form a negative stiffness effect on the frame structure; at the same time, the angle between the pre-stressed disc spring mechanism and the upper and lower elbow joint steel support forms a geometric relationship to amplify the negative stiffness effect.

[0007] In some embodiments, the prestressed disc spring mechanism includes a tensioning locking system, an inner sleeve, an outer sleeve, a guide rod, a disc spring and two connecting ends; the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are coaxially arranged and suitable for nesting with each other; the guide rod is passed through the outer sleeve and extends forward from the rear end of the outer sleeve to the inner sleeve, and there is a certain distance between the front end of the guide rod and the front end of the inner sleeve; the disc spring is sleeved outside the guide rod, and after prestressing, its front and rear ends respectively abut against the rear end outer side surface of the inner sleeve and the rear end inner side surface of the outer sleeve to store energy; the front end of the inner sleeve is closed; the rear end of the outer sleeve is closed; the outer side of the front end of the inner sleeve and the outer side of the rear end of the outer sleeve are each connected to a connecting end; the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are connected by the tensioning locking system, and the disc spring is prestressed by the tensioning locking system.

[0008] In some embodiments, the front ends of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve respectively have an inner sleeve outer edge and an outer sleeve outer edge extending outward in the radial direction; the inner sleeve outer edge and the outer sleeve outer edge are connected by multiple groups of the tensioning and locking systems; the tensioning and locking system includes a tensioning screw and two locking nuts; the tensioning screw is coaxially arranged with the inner sleeve, and its two ends respectively pass through the inner sleeve outer edge and the outer sleeve outer edge and are respectively connected to a locking nut; the disc spring is pre-stressed by adjusting the connection position between the locking nut and the tensioning screw.

[0009] In some embodiments, after the pre-stressed disc spring mechanism and the lower toggle steel support are connected and installed on the frame structure, the tension locking system is removed.

[0010] In some embodiments, the disc springs are arranged in a combination, a pair, or a composite combination.

[0011] Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a design method for the negative stiffness amplification device. In some embodiments, when the frame structure deforms, the deformation of the negative stiffness amplification device is amplified by the geometric relationship, and the amplification factor f is obtained by the following formula:

[0012]

[0013] Where f is the magnification factor, μ is the deformation of the frame structure, and μ 负 is the deformation of the preloaded disc spring mechanism, the first angle θ1 is the angle between the preloaded disc spring mechanism and the lower toggle steel support and the horizontal direction, and the second angle θ2 is the angle between the upper toggle steel support and the vertical direction;

[0014] The design method includes:

[0015] Determining a target magnification factor f based on the requirements of the framework structure;

[0016] According to the target magnification factor f and in combination with the building function, the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 are adjusted with reference to formula (1) until the target magnification factor f is met.

[0017] In some embodiments, when the frame structure is deformed, the negative stiffness amplifying device provides a reverse force F to the frame structure to reduce the external force acting on the frame structure;

[0018] Based on the force balance, we can know that:

[0019]

[0020]

[0021] Among them, F 负 is the tangential force generated by the preloaded disc spring mechanism, F1 is the axial force of the lower toggle steel support caused by the tangential force, and F2 is the axial force of the upper toggle steel support caused by the tangential force; the third angle θ3 is the tangential force F generated by the preloaded disc spring mechanism 负 and the horizontal direction, and when the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 are determined, the third angle θ3 is also determined;

[0022] The reverse force F is the horizontal component of the preloaded disc spring mechanism acting on the frame structure, which is obtained by formula (4):

[0023] F=sinθ2F2 (4)

[0024] Substituting formula (3) into formula (4) yields formula (5):

[0025]

[0026] The tangential force F generated by the preloaded disc spring mechanism 负 as follows:

[0027] F 负 =K 负 u 负 (6)

[0028] Among them, K 负 is the negative stiffness value of the preloaded disc spring mechanism;

[0029] Substituting formula (1) into formula (6), we get formula (7):

[0030]

[0031] Substituting formula (7) into formula (5) yields formula (8):

[0032]

[0033] The design method includes:

[0034] The target negative stiffness effect of the negative stiffness amplification device is determined based on the requirements of the frame structure, that is, the target negative stiffness value K 负 Multiply by the target magnification factor f;

[0035] Determining the target magnification factor f based on the requirements of the framework structure;

[0036] According to the target magnification factor f and in combination with the building function, the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 are adjusted according to formula (1) until the target magnification factor f is satisfied;

[0037] The target negative stiffness value K of the preloaded disc spring mechanism is calculated based on the target negative stiffness effect and the target amplification factor f. 负 ;

[0038] According to formula (9), L and L1 are adjusted so that the slope of the linear relationship between F2-u is consistent with the target negative stiffness value K 负 consistent;

[0039]

[0040] Wherein, L is the total length of the lower toggle steel support and the preloaded disc spring mechanism, L1 is the distance from the lower end of the lower toggle steel support to the intersection of the upper toggle steel support and the lower toggle steel support; F2-u is a linear relationship, and the slope of the linear relationship represents the negative stiffness value K 负 ;

[0041] According to the target negative stiffness value K 负 The preloaded disc spring mechanism is designed.

[0042] In some embodiments, when the frame structure is deformed, the deformation of the negative stiffness amplification device is amplified by the geometric relationship and a reverse force F is provided to the frame structure by the negative stiffness amplification device to amplify the negative stiffness effect. The stiffness K2 of the negative stiffness amplification device after amplification and the overall stiffness K0 of the frame structure and the negative stiffness amplification device are obtained by the following formula:

[0043]

[0044]

[0045] Wherein, K1 is the stiffness of the frame structure;

[0046] The design method includes:

[0047] Determining an overall target stiffness K0 of the frame structure and the negative stiffness amplifying device based on requirements of the frame structure;

[0048] According to the overall target stiffness K0, the stiffness K1 of the frame structure and formula (11), the target stiffness value K2 of the amplified negative stiffness amplification device is obtained;

[0049] Determine the first angle θ1, the second angle θ2 and the target negative stiffness value K according to the target stiffness K2 and formula (10): 负 ;

[0050] According to formula (9), L and L1 are adjusted so that the slope of the linear relationship between F2-u is consistent with the target negative stiffness value K 负 consistent;

[0051] According to the target negative stiffness value K 负 The preloaded disc spring mechanism is designed.

[0052] In some embodiments, the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 are determined based on an angle between the upper toggle steel support and the lower toggle steel support.

[0053] In some embodiments, the angle between the upper toggle steel support and the lower toggle steel support is within the range of [150°, 170°].

[0054] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has beneficial effects.

[0055] For example, through clever structural arrangement, the prestressed disc spring mechanism is connected to the upper and lower elbow steel supports, and the angles between the prestressed disc spring mechanism and the upper and lower elbow steel supports form a geometric relationship to amplify the negative stiffness effect of the prestressed disc spring mechanism on the frame structure. This can not only effectively improve the negative stiffness effect, reduce the structural stiffness and reduce seismic effects while ensuring that the structural bearing capacity remains unchanged, but also effectively protect the main structure, providing favorable support for the application of negative stiffness devices in the field of civil engineering. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the application of the negative stiffness amplification device in a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a preloaded disc spring mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a preloaded disc spring mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of an equivalent calculation model of a negative stiffness amplifying device in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) represents a schematic diagram of an equivalent model of the negative stiffness amplifying device; (b) represents a simplified calculation model of the negative stiffness amplifying device;

[0060] Figure 5 This is a force analysis diagram of the negative stiffness amplifying device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 6 Graph showing the corresponding relationship between the axial force F2 of the upper toggle steel support caused by the tangential force and the deformation μ of the frame structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 7 This is a force analysis diagram of the negative stiffness amplifying device after deformation in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the rigidity composition of the frame structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] Description of reference numerals:

[0065] 1 preloaded disc spring mechanism, 2 upper toggle steel support, 3 lower toggle steel support;

[0066] 4 beams, 5 columns;

[0067] 1-6 connecting end, 1-7 inner sleeve, 1-8 tensioning screw, 1-9 locking nut, 1-10 outer sleeve, 1-11 locking guide rod, 1-12 disc spring;

[0068] K0 is the overall stiffness, K1 is the stiffness of the frame structure, and K2 is the stiffness of the negative stiffness amplification device;

[0069] DAMPER. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] To make the objectives, features, and beneficial effects of the present invention more readily apparent, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described below are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Furthermore, the same or similar reference numerals may be used in the drawings to refer to the same or similar elements in different embodiments, and descriptions of the same or similar elements in different embodiments, as well as descriptions of prior art elements, features, and effects, may be omitted.

[0071] An embodiment of the present invention provides a negative stiffness amplifying device applicable to a frame structure.

[0072] Reference Figure 1 The negative stiffness amplification device provided in an embodiment of the present invention may include a preloaded disc spring mechanism 1, an upper toggle steel support 2 and a lower toggle steel support 3.

[0073] Specifically, the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 and the lower toggle steel support 3 are located in the same straight line and are connected up and down by a pin shaft; wherein the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 is on the top and the lower toggle steel support 3 is on the bottom.

[0074] Furthermore, after the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 and the lower toggle steel support 3 are connected, the upper and lower ends of the whole are respectively connected to the frame structure by pins.

[0075] In some embodiments, the frame structure comprises a pair of parallel horizontal beams 4 and a pair of vertical columns 5 supporting the beams 4. After the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 and the lower toggle steel support 3 are connected, the upper and lower ends of the whole can be connected to the upper and lower horizontal beams 4 of the frame structure via pins, respectively, and the whole is arranged at a non-zero angle with the horizontal beams 4.

[0076] The upper and lower ends of the upper toggle steel support 2 are also connected to the upper crossbeam 4 of the frame structure and the lower toggle steel support 3 through pins. In addition, the angle between the upper toggle steel support 2 and the lower toggle steel support 3 is set to an obtuse angle.

[0077] In some embodiments, the lower end of the upper toggle steel support 2 may be connected to the upper end of the lower toggle steel support 3 .

[0078] In other embodiments, the lower end of the upper toggle steel support 2 may also be connected to any position in the middle portion of the lower toggle steel support 3 .

[0079] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3In some embodiments, the prestressed disc spring mechanism 1 may include a tensioning locking system, an inner sleeve 1-7, an outer sleeve 1-10, a guide rod 1-11, a disc spring 1-12 and two connecting ends 1-6, wherein the connecting ends 1-6 may also be called ear plates.

[0080] Specifically, the inner sleeve 1-7 and the outer sleeve 1-10 are coaxially arranged and arranged front to back; the guide rod 1-11 is passed through the outer sleeve 1-10 and extends forward from the rear end of the outer sleeve 1-10 to the inner sleeve 1-7, and there is a certain distance between the front end of the guide rod 1-11 and the front end of the inner sleeve 1-7; the disc spring 1-12 is sleeved outside the guide rod 1-11, and after pre-compression, its front and rear ends respectively abut against the rear end outer side surface of the inner sleeve 1-7 and the rear end inner side surface of the outer sleeve 1-10 to store energy; and the front end of the inner sleeve 1-7 is closed; the rear end of the outer sleeve 1-10 is closed; the outer side of the front end of the inner sleeve 1-7 and the outer side of the rear end of the outer sleeve 1-10 are each connected to a connecting end 1-6; the inner sleeve 1-7 and the outer sleeve 1-10 are connected by a tension locking system.

[0081] In some embodiments, the arrangement of the disc springs 1-12 can be a combination, a pair or a compound combination.

[0082] Furthermore, the front ends of the inner sleeve 1-7 and the outer sleeve 1-10 respectively have an inner sleeve outer edge and an outer sleeve outer edge extending outward in the radial direction. In addition, the inner sleeve outer edge and the outer sleeve outer edge can be connected by multiple sets of tension locking systems.

[0083] In some embodiments, the tensioning and locking system may include a tensioning screw 1-8 and two locking nuts 1-9. The tensioning screw 1-8 is coaxially arranged with the inner sleeve 1-7, and its two ends pass through the outer edge of the inner sleeve and the outer edge of the outer sleeve respectively and are connected to a locking nut 1-9.

[0084] In a specific implementation, the tensioning screw 1-8 is suitable for pre-stressing the disc spring 1-12; the locking nut 1-9 is suitable for storing energy when the tensioning screw 1-8 pre-stresses the disc spring 1-12.

[0085] After the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 and the lower toggle steel support 3 are connected and installed on the frame structure, the tensioning and locking system can be removed, that is, the tensioning screw 1-8 and the two locking nuts 1-9 can be removed. Even if the tensioning and locking system is removed, the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 installed on the frame structure is still in the energy storage state.

[0086] When the frame structure is deformed, displacement occurs between the inner sleeve 1-7 and the outer sleeve 1-10 in the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1, causing the preloaded disc spring 1-12 to release energy, so that the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 generates a tangential force F at the connection between it and the lower toggle steel support 3, which is opposite to the movement direction of the upper toggle steel support 2 and the lower toggle steel support 3. 负When the frame structure deforms from left to right, the tangential force F 负 Pointing to the upper left; when the frame structure deforms from right to left, the tangential force F 负 Pointing downward and right.

[0087] When the frame structure deforms, the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 generates a tangential force F in the opposite direction of the movement of the upper toggle steel support 2 and the lower toggle steel support 3. 负 A negative stiffness effect is formed on the frame structure; at the same time, the angle between the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 and the upper toggle steel support 2 and the lower toggle steel support 3 forms a geometric relationship that can amplify the negative stiffness effect.

[0088] Specifically, when the frame structure deforms, the deformation of the negative stiffness amplification device can be amplified by the geometric relationship formed by the angles between the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 and the upper toggle steel support 2 and the lower toggle steel support 3. In addition, the amplification coefficient can be obtained by formula (1):

[0089]

[0090] Among them, f is the magnification factor, μ is the deformation of the frame structure, and μ 负 The first angle θ1 is the angle between the preloaded disc spring mechanism (1) and the lower elbow joint steel support (3) and the horizontal direction, and the second angle θ2 is the angle between the upper elbow joint steel support (2) and the vertical direction.

[0091] In the present invention, when the frame structure is not deformed, the pre-stressed disc spring mechanism 1 is collinear with the lower elbow joint rigid support 3, forming a stable structure; when the frame structure is deformed, the pre-stressed disc spring mechanism 1 is not collinear with the lower elbow joint rigid support 3, generating a tangential action stiffness, that is, the direction in which the pre-stressed disc spring mechanism 1 acts is its tangential direction.

[0092] The equivalent calculation model and force analysis of the negative stiffness amplification device can be found in Figure 4 and Figure 5 .

[0093] In order to simplify the function of the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 during calculation and analysis, a damper unit can be set at the vertical position of the lower toggle rigid support 3, such as Figure 4 (b) is used to simplify the simulation of negative stiffness effects.

[0094] In the present invention, when the frame structure is deformed, a negative stiffness amplifying device can be used to provide a reverse force F for the frame structure to reduce the external force acting on the frame structure.

[0095] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 , based on the force balance:

[0096]

[0097]

[0098] Among them, F 负 is the tangential force generated by the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1, F1 is the axial force of the lower toggle steel support 3 caused by the tangential force, and F2 is the axial force of the upper toggle steel support 2 caused by the tangential force; the first angle θ1 is the angle between the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 and the lower toggle steel support 3 and the horizontal direction, the second angle θ2 is the angle between the upper toggle steel support 2 and the vertical direction, and the third angle θ3 is the tangential force F generated by the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 负 and the angle between the horizontal direction; and, when the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 are determined, the third angle θ3 is also determined;

[0099] In a specific implementation, the reverse force F is the horizontal component of the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 acting on the frame structure, which can be obtained by formula (4):

[0100] F=sinθ2F2 (4)

[0101] Substituting formula (3) into formula (4) yields formula (5):

[0102]

[0103] The tangential force F generated by the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 负 as follows:

[0104] F 负 =K 负 u 负 (6)

[0105] Among them, K 负 is the negative stiffness value of the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1;

[0106] Substituting formula (1) into formula (6), we get formula (7):

[0107]

[0108] Substituting formula (7) into formula (5) yields formula (8):

[0109]

[0110] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a design method for a negative stiffness amplification device.

[0111] In order to fully illustrate the design method, three embodiments are used to describe it respectively below.

[0112] Example 1

[0113] In this embodiment, the design method may include the following steps:

[0114] S11, determining the target magnification factor f based on the requirements of the framework structure;

[0115] In a specific implementation, once the cross beams 4 and the columns 5 of the frame structure are determined, the target magnification factor f is also determined.

[0116] S12, according to the target magnification factor f and in combination with the building function, the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 are adjusted with reference to formula (1) until the target magnification factor f is satisfied.

[0117] In step S12, the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 may be different for buildings with different functions. In practice, the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 may be adjusted based on the specific function of the building in combination with formula (1). In this case, the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 may be combined in various ways.

[0118] Furthermore, the specific values ​​of the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 can be determined based on the angle between the upper toggle steel support 2 and the lower toggle steel support 3. That is, within the constraints of the angle range between the upper toggle steel support 2 and the lower toggle steel support 3, the specific values ​​of the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 can be determined.

[0119] In some embodiments, the angle between the upper toggle steel support 2 and the lower toggle steel support 3 may be within the range of [150°, 170°].

[0120] Table 1 shows the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 corresponding to different target magnification factors f in this embodiment.

[0121] Table 1 Relationship between the target magnification factor f and the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2

[0122]

[0123] Example 2

[0124] In this embodiment, the design method may include the following steps:

[0125] S21, determining a target negative stiffness effect of the negative stiffness amplification device based on requirements of the frame structure;

[0126] In a specific implementation, the negative stiffness effect is equal to the negative stiffness value K 负 Multiply by the magnification factor f.

[0127] S22, determining a target magnification factor f based on the requirements of the framework structure;

[0128] S23, according to the target magnification factor f, combined with the building function, refer to formula (1) to adjust the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 until the target magnification factor f is met;

[0129] The specific implementation of steps S22 and S23 can refer to the description of steps S11 and S12 in Example 1.

[0130] S24, calculating the target negative stiffness value K of the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 based on the target negative stiffness effect and the target amplification factor f 负 ;

[0131] S25, adjust L and L1 according to formula (9) so that the slope of the linear relationship between F2-u is consistent with the target negative stiffness value K 负 consistent;

[0132]

[0133] Reference Figure 7 , L is the total length of the lower toggle steel support 3 and the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1, and L1 is the distance from the root (i.e., the lower end) of the lower toggle steel support 3 to the intersection of the upper toggle steel support 2 and the lower toggle steel support 3.

[0134] It should be noted that the intersection of the upper toggle steel support 2 and the lower toggle steel support 3 can be at the upper end of the lower toggle steel support 3 or at any position in the middle of the lower toggle steel support 3 .

[0135] In formula (9), F2-u is a linear relationship, and the slope of the linear relationship represents the negative stiffness value K 负 .

[0136] Specifically, when designing, the range of the frame structure deformation u is determined first, and then according to formula (9), the F2 range can be obtained, thereby obtaining the corresponding relationship between F2 and u. A graph is drawn based on this corresponding relationship to obtain a linear relationship, see Figure 6 The slope of this linear relationship is K 负 .

[0137] In a specific implementation, L and L1 can be adjusted according to formula (9) so that the slope of the linear relationship between F2-u is equal to the target negative stiffness value K 负 And at this point, L and L1 can be determined.

[0138] S26, when the negative stiffness value K is adjusted by adjusting L and L1 负 After reaching the target, the negative stiffness value K 负 The preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 is designed.

[0139] Specifically, the negative stiffness value K can be used based on 负The arrangement of the disc springs 1-12 is selected and designed, and its specific implementation process can be achieved by any known technical means in the art and is not limited here.

[0140] Example 3

[0141] When the frame structure deforms, the geometric relationship formed by the angles between the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 and the upper and lower toggle steel supports 2 and 3 amplifies the deformation of the negative stiffness amplification device. This provides a counteracting force F to the frame structure, thereby achieving a double amplification of the negative stiffness effect. The stiffness K2 of the negative stiffness amplification device after double amplification, as well as the stiffness K0 of the frame structure and negative stiffness amplification device as a whole, are obtained using the following formula:

[0142]

[0143] Reference Figure 8 ,

[0144] Among them, K1 is the stiffness of the frame structure.

[0145] In this embodiment, the design method may include the following steps:

[0146] S31, determining an overall target stiffness K0 of the frame structure and the negative stiffness amplifying device based on requirements of the frame structure;

[0147] S32, obtaining the target stiffness K2 of the negative stiffness amplifying device after amplification according to the overall target stiffness K0 of the frame structure and the negative stiffness amplifying device, the stiffness K1 of the frame structure, and formula (11);

[0148] S33, according to the target stiffness K2 of the negative stiffness amplifying device after amplification and formula (10), determine the first angle θ1, the second angle θ2 and the target negative stiffness value K of the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 负 ;

[0149] In a specific implementation, the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 can be determined by referring to the process described in steps S11 and S12 in Example 1. When the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 are determined, the third angle θ3 is also determined. Substituting it into formula (10) can obtain the target negative stiffness value K 负 .

[0150] S34, according to formula (9), adjust L and L1 so that the slope of the linear relationship between F2-u is consistent with the target negative stiffness value K 负 consistent.

[0151] S35, when the negative stiffness value K is adjusted by adjusting L and L1 负 After reaching the target, the negative stiffness value K 负The preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 is designed.

[0152] By adopting the above technical solution, in this embodiment of the present invention, not only is the deformation of the negative stiffness amplifying device amplified by the geometric relationship formed by the angles between the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 and the upper and lower toggle steel supports 2 and 3, but the bearing capacity of the negative stiffness amplifying device is also amplified. The negative stiffness effect is the result of dividing the amplified bearing capacity by the displacement.

[0153] In specific implementation, when the size of the beams and columns of the frame structure remains unchanged, its bearing capacity also remains unchanged. When the negative stiffness amplification device is introduced into the frame structure, the stiffness of the frame structure becomes smaller, and the corresponding seismic effect is also reduced.

[0154] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for installing the negative stiffness amplifying device.

[0155] Specifically, the installation method may include the following steps:

[0156] S41, determining the negative stiffness effect and bearing capacity requirements according to the requirements of the frame structure, and determining the parameters, quantity, and pre-compression deformation of the disc springs 1-12 based on the negative stiffness effect and bearing capacity requirements;

[0157] S42, place the disc spring 1-12 on the guide rod 1-11, and then place the inner sleeve 1-7 and the outer sleeve 1-10. Then, after the tensioning screw 1-8 is positioned to a predetermined displacement, it is locked with the locking nut 1-9.

[0158] S43, performing lofting according to the dimensions of the frame structure, determining the positions of the upper toggle steel support 2, the lower toggle steel support 3, and the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1, and installing the gusset plate;

[0159] S44, connecting the upper toggle steel support 2, the lower toggle steel support 3, and the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 into a whole by connecting the end points 1-6 and the pin;

[0160] S45, connecting the cross beam 4 to the node plate of the lower toggle steel support 3 through the pin, thus completing the installation of the negative stiffness amplification device.

[0161] Although specific embodiments have been described above, these embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure, even when only a single embodiment is described with respect to specific features. The feature examples provided in the present disclosure are intended to be illustrative, not limiting, unless otherwise stated. In specific implementations, the technical features of one or more dependent claims may be combined with the technical features of the independent claims, depending on actual needs and where technically feasible, and the technical features from the corresponding independent claims may be combined in any appropriate manner rather than solely through the specific combinations listed in the claims.

[0162] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A design method for a negative stiffness amplification device, characterized in that: The negative stiffness amplification device comprises a pre-stressed disc spring mechanism (1), an upper elbow joint steel support (2) and a lower elbow joint steel support (3); the pre-stressed disc spring mechanism (1) and the lower elbow joint steel support (3) are located in the same straight line and are connected up and down by a pin shaft, and the upper and lower ends of the two are respectively connected to the frame structure by a pin shaft; the upper and lower ends of the upper elbow joint steel support (2) are also respectively connected to the frame structure and the lower elbow joint steel support (3) by a pin shaft; the angle between the upper elbow joint steel support (2) and the lower elbow joint steel support (3) is an obtuse angle; when the frame structure is deformed, the pre-stressed disc spring mechanism (1) generates a tangential force opposite to the movement direction of the upper elbow joint steel support (2) and the lower elbow joint steel support (3) to form a negative stiffness effect on the frame structure; at the same time, the angles between the pre-stressed disc spring mechanism (1) and the upper elbow joint steel support (2) and the lower elbow joint steel support (3) form a geometric relationship to amplify the negative stiffness effect; When the frame structure is deformed, the deformation of the negative stiffness amplifying device is amplified by the geometric relationship, and the amplification coefficient f It is obtained by the following formula: （1） in, f is the magnification factor, u is the deformation of the frame structure, u 负 is the deformation of the preloaded disc spring mechanism (1), the first angle θ 1 is the angle between the preloaded disc spring mechanism (1) and the lower toggle steel support (3) and the horizontal direction, and the second angle θ 2 is the angle between the upper toggle steel support (2) and the vertical direction; The design method includes: Determine the target magnification factor based on the requirements of the framework structure f ; According to the target magnification factor f , combined with the building function, refer to formula (1) to adjust the first angle θ 1 and the second angle θ 2, until the target magnification factor is met f ; When the frame structure is deformed, the negative stiffness amplifying device provides a reverse force F to the frame structure to reduce the external force acting on the frame structure; Based on the force balance, we can know that: （2） （3） in, F 负 is the tangential force generated by the preloaded disc spring mechanism (1), F 1 is the axial force of the lower toggle steel support (3) caused by the tangential force, F 2 is the axial force of the upper elbow steel support (2) caused by the tangential force; the third angle θ 3 is the tangential force generated by the preloaded disc spring mechanism (1) F 负 and the horizontal direction, and when the first angle θ 1 and the second angle θ 2 After confirmation, the third angle θ 3 is also confirmed; The reverse force F is the horizontal component of the preloaded disc spring mechanism (1) acting on the frame structure, which is obtained by formula (4): （4） Substituting formula (3) into formula (4) yields formula (5): （5） The tangential force generated by the preloaded disc spring mechanism (1) F 负 as follows: （6） in, K 负 is the negative stiffness value of the preloaded disc spring mechanism (1); Substituting formula (1) into formula (6), we get formula (7): （7） Substituting formula (7) into formula (5) yields formula (8): （8） The design method includes: The target negative stiffness effect of the negative stiffness amplification device, i.e. the target negative stiffness value, is determined based on the requirements of the frame structure. K 负 Multiply by the target magnification factor f ; Determine the target magnification factor based on the requirements of the framework structure f ; According to the target magnification factor f , combined with the building function, refer to formula (1) to adjust the first angle θ 1 and the second angle θ 2, until the target magnification factor is met f ; According to the target negative stiffness effect and the target amplification factor f Calculating the target negative stiffness value of the preloaded disc spring mechanism (1) K 负 ; According to formula (9) L and L 1 Make F 2- u The slope of the linear relationship between the target negative stiffness value K 负 consistent; （9） Where, L is the total length of the lower toggle steel support (3) and the preloaded disc spring mechanism (1), L 1 is the distance between the lower end of the lower toggle steel support (3) and the intersection of the upper toggle steel support (2) and the lower toggle steel support (3); - is a linear relationship, and the slope of the linear relationship represents a negative stiffness value K 负 ; According to the target negative stiffness value K 负 The preloaded disc spring mechanism (1) is designed.

2. The design method of the negative stiffness amplification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prestressed disc spring mechanism (1) comprises a tensioning and locking system, an inner sleeve (1-7), an outer sleeve (1-10), a guide rod (1-11), a disc spring (1-12) and two connecting ends (1-6); the inner sleeve (1-7) and the outer sleeve (1-10) are coaxially arranged and are suitable for being nested with each other; the guide rod (1-11) is inserted into the outer sleeve (1-10) and extends forward from the rear end of the outer sleeve (1-10) into the inner sleeve (1-7), and a certain distance is formed between the front end of the guide rod (1-11) and the front end of the inner sleeve (1-7); the disc spring (1-12) is coaxially arranged with the outer sleeve (1-10) and is suitable for being nested with each other; the guide rod (1-11) is inserted into the outer sleeve (1-10) and extends forward from the rear end of the outer sleeve (1-10) into the inner sleeve (1-7); and a certain distance is formed between the front end of the guide rod (1-11) and the front end of the inner sleeve (1-7); ) is sleeved outside the guide rod (1-11), and after pre-stressing, its front and rear ends respectively abut against the rear end outer side surface of the inner sleeve (1-7) and the rear end inner side surface of the outer sleeve (1-10) to store energy; the front end of the inner sleeve (1-7) is closed; the rear end of the outer sleeve (1-10) is closed; the front end outer side of the inner sleeve (1-7) and the rear end outer side of the outer sleeve (1-10) are each connected to a connecting end (1-6); the inner sleeve (1-7) and the outer sleeve (1-10) are connected by the tensioning and locking system, and the disc spring (1-12) is pre-stressed by the tensioning and locking system.

3. The design method of the negative stiffness amplification device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front ends of the inner sleeve (1-7) and the outer sleeve (1-10) respectively have an inner sleeve outer edge and an outer sleeve outer edge extending outward in a radial direction; the inner sleeve outer edge and the outer sleeve outer edge are connected by multiple groups of the tensioning and locking systems; the tensioning and locking systems include a tensioning screw (1-8) and two locking nuts (1-9); the tensioning screw (1-8) is coaxially arranged with the inner sleeve (1-7), and its two ends respectively pass through the inner sleeve outer edge and the outer sleeve outer edge and are respectively connected to a locking nut (1-9); the disc spring (1-12) is pre-stressed by adjusting the connection position between the locking nut (1-9) and the tensioning screw (1-8).

4. The design method of the negative stiffness amplification device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: After the pre-stressed disc spring mechanism (1) and the lower toggle steel support (3) are connected and installed on the frame structure, the tension locking system is removed.

5. The design method of the negative stiffness amplification device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The disc springs (1-12) are arranged in a combined or matched manner.

6. The design method of the negative stiffness amplification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the frame structure is deformed, the deformation of the negative stiffness amplifying device is amplified by the geometric relationship and a reverse force F is provided to the frame structure by the negative stiffness amplifying device to amplify the negative stiffness effect. After amplification, the stiffness of the negative stiffness amplifying device is K 2. The overall target stiffness of the frame structure and the negative stiffness amplification device K 0 is obtained by the following formula: （10） （11） in, K 1 is the stiffness of the frame structure; The design method includes: Determine the overall target stiffness of the frame structure and the negative stiffness amplification device based on the requirements of the frame structure K 0; According to the overall target stiffness K 0. Rigidity of the frame structure K 1 and formula (11) to obtain the target stiffness value of the negative stiffness amplification device after amplification: K 2; According to the target stiffness K 2 and formula (10) to determine the first angle θ 1. The second angle θ 2 and the target negative stiffness value K 负 ; According to formula (9) L and L 1 Make F 2- u The slope of the linear relationship between the target negative stiffness value K 负 consistent; According to the target negative stiffness value K 负 The preloaded disc spring mechanism (1) is designed.

7. The design method of the negative stiffness amplification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first angle is determined based on the angle between the upper toggle steel support (2) and the lower toggle steel support (3). θ 1 and the second angle θ 2.

8. The design method of the negative stiffness amplification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the upper toggle steel support (2) and the lower toggle steel support (3) is within the range of [150°, 170°].

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