A regenerative incinerator with automatic graded air distribution function

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of regenerative thermal oxidizers, addressing the problem of unstable oxidation temperature control in the combustion chamber due to constantly changing accumulator temperatures, leading to heat waste and reduced equipment safety. Specifically, it relates to a regenerative thermal oxidizer with automatic graded air distribution, comprising a regenerative thermal oxidizer and a regenerative thermal oxidizer control system capable of intelligently adjusting the air intake speed. During operation, this invention comprehensively collects data on the combustion chamber temperature, regenerative structure temperature, and air intake speed of the regenerative thermal oxidizer. Based on the collected data, in-depth analysis is performed to evaluate air intake efficiency. Adjustments to the air intake speed are made according to the evaluation results, ensuring deep coupling between the air intake speed and the temperature of the regenerative structure during operation. This guarantees combustion efficiency while controlling combustion temperature, avoiding heat waste and disruption of equipment stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of regenerative thermal oxidizers, specifically a regenerative thermal oxidizer with automatic graded air distribution function. Background Technology

[0002] Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are toxic and easily damage the ozone layer, thus requiring high-temperature oxidation or incineration technologies. Based on their energy recovery methods, these technologies can be mainly divided into two categories: heat recovery oxidizers and regenerative high-temperature oxidation systems. The heat recovery rate of heat recovery oxidizers is usually less than 70%, while the heat recovery rate of regenerative combustion furnaces can be as high as 90% to 95%. It is known that when using a regenerative combustion furnace, the heat storage material is a ceramic honeycomb structure. The high-temperature gas generated by oxidation flows through the ceramic heat storage body, which heats up and "stores heat," and is used to preheat the organic waste gas that enters later, thereby saving the fuel consumption for heating the waste gas.

[0003] Currently, in the operation of existing regenerative thermal oxidizers, the airflow direction needs to be adjusted according to the temperature of the accumulator. This allows the heat absorbed by the accumulator from the exhaust gas to be used for preheating the intake gas, thereby improving heat utilization efficiency. Therefore, for regenerative thermal oxidizers, the temperature of the accumulator is always in a dynamic process. If a fixed intake rate is used, the preheating effect of the intake gas will vary depending on the accumulator temperature, which in turn leads to different oxidation temperatures in the combustion chamber. In order to ensure complete oxidation, it is often necessary to control the oxidation temperature based on the lowest possible temperature. This results in excessively high oxidation temperatures when the accumulator temperature is high, causing excessive heat accumulation in the combustion chamber, leading to equipment aging, excessive heat radiation, and incomplete exhaust gas heat recovery.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application proposes a solution. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention comprehensively collects data on the combustion chamber temperature, regenerator structure temperature, and air intake velocity during the operation of a regenerator. Based on the collected data, in-depth analysis is performed to evaluate the air intake efficiency. Adjustments to the air intake velocity are made according to the evaluation results, ensuring deep coupling between the air intake velocity and the temperature of the regenerator structure during operation. This guarantees combustion efficiency while controlling the combustion temperature, avoiding temperature waste and disruption of equipment stability. It addresses the problem of difficulty in stabilizing the oxidation temperature in the combustion chamber when the accumulator temperature is constantly changing, leading to heat waste and reduced equipment safety. Therefore, this invention proposes a regenerator with automatic graded air distribution.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A regenerative incinerator with automatic graded air distribution function includes a combustion chamber, two sets of heat exchange chambers connected below the combustion chamber, and a heat storage structure is provided inside the two sets of heat exchange chambers. The bottom of the two sets of heat exchange chambers are connected to the reversing channel through connecting pipes.

[0008] A reversing baffle is fixedly installed in the middle of the reversing channel, and an exhaust outlet and an intake channel are connected to the lower and upper parts of the reversing channel, respectively.

[0009] The intake passage is connected to the reversing passage by at least two sets of first electrically controlled valves, and the exhaust outlet is connected to the reversing passage by at least two sets of second electrically controlled valves.

[0010] It also includes a regenerative thermal oxidizer control system, which includes a combustion control unit, a combustion furnace central control unit, a thermal oxidizer management unit, and an intake and exhaust control unit.

[0011] The combustion control unit is used to obtain the combustion temperature inside the combustion chamber;

[0012] The heat storage unit is used to collect the temperature of the heat storage structure, obtain the heat exchange efficiency, and control the running direction.

[0013] The combustion furnace central control unit is used to analyze the combustion temperature, heat exchange efficiency and air intake speed, obtain the air intake efficiency, and generate an air intake speed control signal based on the air intake efficiency.

[0014] The intake and exhaust control unit is used to control the intake speed based on the signal from the combustion furnace central control unit.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat storage unit collects the temperature of the two sets of heat storage structures respectively, obtains the temperature of the two sets of heat storage structures, compares the temperature of the two sets of heat storage structures, records the heat storage structure with higher temperature as the intake heat storage unit, and records the heat storage structure with lower temperature as the exhaust heat storage unit.

[0016] The accumulator management unit compares the temperature of the intake accumulator with a preset threshold. If the temperature of the intake accumulator is still higher than the preset threshold, no response is made. If the temperature of the intake accumulator is lower than the preset threshold, a reversing signal is generated and sent to the combustion furnace central control unit.

[0017] After acquiring the reversing signal, the combustion furnace central control unit controls the first and second electrically controlled valves through the reversing signal, thereby reversing the opening and closing states of the first and second electrically controlled valves.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat accumulator management unit collects the temperature of the intake heat accumulator and the exhaust heat accumulator, and records the collected temperature in real time. The temperature change rate is calculated by the real-time recorded temperature and the collection interval. The heat accumulator management unit records the temperature change rate of the intake heat accumulator as the temperature loss rate and the temperature of the exhaust heat accumulator as the temperature rise rate.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat accumulator management unit sends the temperature loss rate and the temperature rise rate to the combustion furnace central control unit. The combustion furnace central control unit compares the temperature loss rate with the preset temperature loss rate to obtain the preheating efficiency, and compares the temperature rise rate with the preset temperature rise rate to obtain the recovery efficiency. The heat accumulator sends the preheating efficiency and the recovery efficiency to the combustion furnace central control unit.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the combustion control unit monitors the temperature of the combustion chamber, obtains the combustion temperature, and calculates the ratio between the combustion temperature and the set lower limit temperature of combustion to obtain the combustion temperature ratio. The combustion control unit then sends the combustion temperature ratio to the combustion furnace central control unit.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the intake and exhaust control unit monitors the gas flow rate in the intake channel, obtains the intake flow rate, and sends the intake flow rate to the combustion furnace central control unit.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the combustion furnace central control unit records the intake air velocity as V, the preheating efficiency as EP, the recovery efficiency as ER, and the combustion temperature ratio as EF, and generates the intake efficiency AP through formula analysis. The combustion furnace central control unit compares the intake efficiency AP with the preset efficiency threshold range. If the intake efficiency AP is greater than the maximum value in the preset intake efficiency threshold range, an intake acceleration signal is generated. If the intake efficiency AP is less than the minimum value in the preset intake efficiency threshold range, an intake deceleration signal is generated. If the intake efficiency AP is within the preset intake efficiency threshold range, an intake maintenance signal is generated.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the combustion furnace sends an intake acceleration signal, an intake deceleration signal, or an intake maintenance signal to the intake and exhaust control unit. The intake and exhaust control unit increases the intake speed in the intake channel through the intake acceleration signal and decreases the intake speed in the intake channel through the intake deceleration signal. After obtaining the intake maintenance signal, the intake and exhaust control unit stops changing the intake speed in the intake channel and maintains the current intake speed.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] 1. In this invention, during the operation of the regenerative combustion furnace, comprehensive data are collected on the combustion chamber temperature, heat storage structure temperature, and air intake velocity. The collected data is then analyzed in depth to evaluate the air intake efficiency. Based on the evaluation results, the air intake velocity is adjusted to achieve adaptive adjustment of the velocity according to changes in the heat storage temperature. This ensures deep coupling between the air intake velocity and the temperature of the heat storage structure during the operation of the regenerative incinerator, ensuring combustion efficiency while controlling the combustion temperature, and avoiding temperature waste and disruption of equipment stability.

[0026] 2. In this invention, the temperature of the heat accumulator is intelligently monitored, and the airflow direction is intelligently adjusted according to the temperature of the heat accumulator, replacing the method of changing the airflow direction at a fixed frequency. This allows the temperature in the heat accumulator to be utilized more effectively, maximizing the utilization of the heat accumulator temperature under different environments. It avoids situations where the heat accumulator temperature is insufficiently utilized or does not meet the standard, which may affect combustion oxidation and improve the environmental protection effect of exhaust emissions. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a system block diagram of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a system flowchart of the present invention.

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Heat exchange chamber; 2. Combustion chamber; 3. Connecting pipe; 4. Exhaust outlet; 5. Reversing channel; 6. Intake channel; 7. Heat storage structure; 8. First electrically controlled valve; 9. Second electrically controlled valve; 10. Reversing baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Example 1:

[0035] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 4 As shown, a regenerative incinerator with automatic graded air distribution function includes a combustion chamber 2, two sets of heat exchange chambers 1 connected below the combustion chamber 2, a heat storage structure 7 is provided inside the two sets of heat exchange chambers 1, and a connecting pipe 3 is connected to the bottom of the two sets of heat exchange chambers 1. The bottom ends of the two sets of connecting pipes 3 are connected through a reversing channel 5.

[0036] A reversing baffle 10 is fixedly installed in the middle of the reversing channel 5. The reversing baffle 10 divides the reversing channel 5 into two parts. The lower part of the reversing channel 5 is connected to the exhaust outlet 4, and the upper part of the reversing channel 5 is connected to the intake channel 6.

[0037] The intake passage 6 is connected to the reversing passage 5 by at least two sets of first electrically controlled valves 8, and multiple sets of first electrically controlled valves 8 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the reversing baffle 10. The exhaust outlet 4 is connected to the reversing passage 5 by at least two sets of second electrically controlled valves 9, and multiple sets of second electrically controlled valves 9 are also symmetrically distributed on both sides of the reversing baffle 10.

[0038] The heat storage structure 7 can absorb the heat of the high-heat exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber 2. Another heat storage structure 7 can use the heat absorbed by itself to preheat the cold exhaust gas passing through the heat storage structure 7. After the two heat storage structures 7 have been running for a period of time, the airflow direction is changed through the first electric control valve 8 and the second electric control valve 9.

[0039] Example 2:

[0040] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 4 As shown, a regenerative thermal oxidizer with automatic graded air distribution function also includes a regenerative thermal oxidizer control system, which includes a combustion control unit, a combustion furnace central control unit, a thermal oxidizer management unit, and an intake and exhaust control unit.

[0041] The heat storage unit numbers the two sets of heat storage structures 7 and records them as the first heat storage unit and the second heat storage unit. The heat storage unit collects the temperature of the first heat storage unit and the second heat storage unit respectively, obtains the temperature of the two sets of heat storage structures 7, compares the temperature of the two sets of heat storage structures 7, records the heat storage structure 7 with the higher temperature as the intake heat storage unit, and records the heat storage structure 7 with the lower temperature as the exhaust heat storage unit.

[0042] The accumulator management unit compares the temperature of the intake accumulator with a preset threshold. If the temperature of the intake accumulator is still higher than the preset threshold, no response is made. If the temperature of the intake accumulator is lower than the preset threshold, a reversing signal is generated and sent to the combustion furnace central control unit.

[0043] After acquiring the reversing signal, the combustion furnace central control unit controls the first electrically controlled valve 8 and the second electrically controlled valve 9 through the reversing signal, so that the opening and closing states of the first electrically controlled valve 8 and the second electrically controlled valve 9 are reversed. Specifically, the opening and closing states of the first electrically controlled valve 8 distributed on both sides of the reversing partition 10 are opposite, the opening and closing states of the second electrically controlled valve 9 distributed on both sides of the reversing partition 10 are opposite, and the opening and closing states of the first electrically controlled valve 8 and the second electrically controlled valve 9 distributed on the same side of the reversing partition 10 are opposite.

[0044] Example 3:

[0045] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 4 As shown, the heat accumulator management unit collects the temperature of the intake heat accumulator and the exhaust heat accumulator, and records the collected temperature in real time. The temperature change rate is calculated by the real-time recorded temperature and the collection interval. The heat accumulator management unit records the temperature change rate of the intake heat accumulator as the temperature loss rate and the temperature of the exhaust heat accumulator as the temperature rise rate.

[0046] The heat accumulator management unit sends the rate of temperature loss and the rate of temperature rise to the combustion furnace central control unit. The combustion furnace central control unit compares the rate of temperature loss with the preset rate of temperature loss to obtain the preheating efficiency, and compares the rate of temperature rise with the preset rate of temperature rise to obtain the recovery efficiency. The heat accumulator sends the preheating efficiency and the recovery efficiency to the combustion furnace central control unit.

[0047] The combustion control unit monitors the temperature of combustion chamber 2, obtains the combustion temperature, and calculates the ratio between the combustion temperature and the set lower limit temperature of combustion to obtain the combustion temperature ratio. The combustion control unit then sends the combustion temperature ratio to the combustion furnace central control unit.

[0048] The intake and exhaust control unit monitors the gas flow rate in the intake channel 6, obtains the intake flow rate, and sends the intake flow rate to the combustion furnace central control unit;

[0049] The combustion furnace central control unit records the intake air velocity as V, the preheating efficiency as EP, the recovery efficiency as ER, and the combustion temperature ratio as EF. The intake efficiency AP is then generated through formula analysis. The combustion furnace central control unit compares the intake efficiency AP with the preset efficiency threshold range. If the intake efficiency AP is greater than the maximum value in the preset intake efficiency threshold range, an intake acceleration signal is generated. If the intake efficiency AP is less than the minimum value in the preset intake efficiency threshold range, an intake deceleration signal is generated. If the intake efficiency AP is within the preset intake efficiency threshold range, an intake maintenance signal is generated.

[0050] The combustion furnace sends an intake acceleration signal, an intake deceleration signal, or an intake maintenance signal to the intake and exhaust control unit. The intake and exhaust control unit increases the intake speed in the intake channel 6 through the intake acceleration signal and decreases the intake speed in the intake channel 6 through the intake deceleration signal. After receiving the intake maintenance signal, the intake and exhaust control unit stops changing the intake speed in the intake channel 6, thereby maintaining the current intake speed. This ensures that the intake speed is matched with the operation of the regenerative thermal oxidizer, guaranteeing complete combustion of the gas entering the regenerative thermal oxidizer and making the exhaust gas more environmentally friendly.

[0051] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to any specific implementation. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A regenerative thermal ciner with automatic graded air distribution function, characterized in that, It includes a combustion chamber (2), and two sets of heat exchange chambers (1) are connected below the combustion chamber (2). The interior of each set of heat exchange chambers (1) is equipped with a heat storage structure (7). The bottom of the two sets of heat exchange chambers (1) is connected to the reversing channel (5) through a connecting pipe (3). A reversing baffle (10) is fixedly installed in the middle of the reversing channel (5), and an exhaust outlet (4) and an intake channel (6) are connected to the lower and upper parts of the reversing channel (5), respectively. The position where the intake channel (6) is connected to the reversing channel (5) is connected by at least two sets of first electrically controlled valves (8), and the position where the exhaust outlet (4) is connected to the reversing channel (5) is connected by at least two sets of second electrically controlled valves (9). It also includes a regenerative thermal oxidizer control system, which includes a combustion control unit, a combustion furnace central control unit, a thermal oxidizer management unit, and an intake and exhaust control unit. The combustion control unit is used to obtain the combustion temperature inside the combustion chamber (2); The heat storage management unit is used to collect the temperature of the heat storage structure (7), obtain the heat exchange efficiency, and control the running direction. The combustion furnace central control unit is used to analyze the combustion temperature, heat exchange efficiency and air intake speed, obtain the air intake efficiency, and generate an air intake speed control signal based on the air intake efficiency. The intake and exhaust control unit is used to control the intake speed based on the signal from the combustion furnace central control unit.

2. A regenerative incinerator with automatic graded air distribution function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat storage unit collects the temperature of the two heat storage structures (7) respectively, obtains the temperature of the two heat storage structures (7), compares the temperature of the two heat storage structures (7), records the heat storage structure (7) with higher temperature as the intake heat storage unit, and records the heat storage structure (7) with lower temperature as the exhaust heat storage unit. The accumulator management unit compares the temperature of the intake accumulator with a preset threshold. If the temperature of the intake accumulator is still higher than the preset threshold, no response is made. If the temperature of the intake accumulator is lower than the preset threshold, a reversing signal is generated and sent to the combustion furnace central control unit. After acquiring the reversing signal, the central control unit of the combustion furnace controls the first electrically controlled valve (8) and the second electrically controlled valve (9) through the reversing signal, so that the opening and closing states of the first electrically controlled valve (8) and the second electrically controlled valve (9) are reversed.

3. A regenerative incinerator with automatic graded air distribution function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat accumulator management unit collects the temperatures of the intake heat accumulator and the exhaust heat accumulator, and records the collected temperatures in real time. It calculates the rate of temperature change by using the real-time recorded temperatures and the collection interval. The heat accumulator management unit records the rate of temperature change of the intake heat accumulator as the rate of temperature loss and the temperature of the exhaust heat accumulator as the rate of temperature rise.

4. A regenerative incinerator with automatic graded air distribution function according to claim 3, characterized in that, The heat accumulator management unit sends the temperature loss rate and temperature rise rate to the combustion furnace central control unit. The combustion furnace central control unit compares the temperature loss rate with the preset temperature loss rate to obtain the preheating efficiency, and compares the temperature rise rate with the preset temperature rise rate to obtain the recovery efficiency. The heat accumulator sends the preheating efficiency and recovery efficiency to the combustion furnace central control unit.

5. A regenerative incinerator with automatic graded air distribution function according to claim 4, characterized in that, The combustion control unit monitors the temperature of the combustion chamber (2), obtains the combustion temperature, and calculates the ratio of the combustion temperature to the set lower limit temperature of combustion to obtain the combustion temperature ratio. The combustion control unit then sends the combustion temperature ratio to the combustion furnace central control unit.

6. A regenerative incinerator with automatic graded air distribution function according to claim 5, characterized in that, The intake and exhaust control unit monitors the gas flow rate in the intake channel (6), obtains the intake flow rate, and sends the intake flow rate to the combustion furnace central control unit.

7. A regenerative incinerator with automatic graded air distribution function according to claim 6, characterized in that, The combustion furnace central control unit records the intake air velocity as V, the preheating efficiency as EP, the recovery efficiency as ER, and the combustion temperature ratio as EF. It then uses a formula to analyze and generate the intake efficiency AP. The combustion furnace central control unit compares the intake efficiency AP with the preset efficiency threshold range. If the intake efficiency AP is greater than the maximum value in the preset intake efficiency threshold range, an intake acceleration signal is generated. If the intake efficiency AP is less than the minimum value in the preset intake efficiency threshold range, an intake deceleration signal is generated. If the intake efficiency AP is within the preset intake efficiency threshold range, an intake maintenance signal is generated.

8. A regenerative incinerator with automatic graded air distribution function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The combustion furnace sends an intake acceleration signal, an intake deceleration signal, or an intake maintenance signal to the intake and exhaust control unit. The intake and exhaust control unit increases the intake speed in the intake channel (6) through the intake acceleration signal and decreases the intake speed in the intake channel (6) through the intake deceleration signal. After obtaining the intake maintenance signal, the intake and exhaust control unit stops changing the intake speed in the intake channel (6) and maintains the current intake speed.

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