A system for separating particulate matter and activated particles in cloud and fog gaps

Abstract

The present invention discloses a system for separating particulate matter in cloud gaps from activated particles. The system comprises a virtual cutter (I), a vacuum pump (II), and the first vacuum pump. The virtual cutter (I) comprises a first accommodating chamber, a first air inlet, a second accommodating chamber, and a first deflection portion. The first air inlet is connected to the first accommodating chamber, and the first deflection portion is located between the first air inlet and the first accommodating chamber. The second vacuum pump is used to generate a first airflow, which is connected to the first accommodating chamber. The first airflow is used to allow a first target gas to enter the first accommodating chamber through the first air inlet. The first target gas comprises first and second particles, and the size of the first particles is larger than that of the second particles. The first virtual cutter (I) of the present invention generates a countercurrent airflow at the inlet, separating larger particles (such as cloud droplets or ice crystals) from smaller particles. The present invention avoids the problems of particle breakage and rebound that may occur in traditional impactors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of particle separation, and in particular relates to a system for separating cloud gap particles from activated particles. Background Art

[0002] Aerosols act as condensation nuclei to form cloud droplets under supersaturated water vapor conditions. Aerosols interact with cloud droplets due to their complex chemical composition distribution and particle size spectrum, and have a profound impact on global radiative forcing and the multiphase circulation of pollutants. Our understanding of these processes is limited by observational means and technical solutions with uncertainties. Due to differences in the microphysical and chemical properties of aerosols, a portion of aerosols can form cloud droplets, which are defined as activated particles; while the remaining aerosols that cannot form cloud droplets are defined as interstitial particles. Interstitial particles are the most uncertain part of aerosols in the cloud process. In related existing technologies, aerosols act as condensation nuclei under supersaturated water vapor conditions, promoting the formation of cloud droplets. Aerosols interact with cloud droplets due to their complex chemical composition distribution and particle size spectrum, which in turn has a significant impact on global radiative forcing and the multiphase circulation of pollutants.

[0003] Coarse modes (2μm) and most accumulation modes (0.05μm-2μm) are swept by cloud droplets, while interstitial particles that cannot enter cloud droplets are mostly distributed in fine modes with particle sizes ranging from tens to hundreds of nanometers. However, current methods for collecting interstitial particles are generally crude. CN113607612 uses a total particulate impactor to measure cloud droplets, while simultaneously measuring unactivated interstitial particles using a PM2.5 impactor. This segmentation method not only fails to meet particle size resolution requirements, but also faces the problems of droplet breakup and small droplets entering the air inlet. The biggest problem with impactors is particle breakup and rebound, which is particularly serious during cloud and fog events and high humidity weather.

[0004] Currently, there is no accurate method for separating interstitial aerosols from cloud droplets (unactivated particles before activation). Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention is to overcome the problems existing in the related technology. The present invention provides a separation system for cloud gap particles and activated particles.

[0006] According to the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention provides a system for separating particulate matter in cloud and fog gaps from activated particles, which includes a virtual cutter 1, a vacuum pump 2 and a vacuum pump 1. The virtual cutter 1 includes a first accommodating chamber, a first air inlet, a second accommodating chamber and a first turning portion. The first air inlet is connected to the first accommodating chamber, and the first turning portion is located between the first air inlet and the first accommodating chamber. The vacuum pump 2 is used to generate a first airflow, and the vacuum pump 2 is connected to the first accommodating chamber. The first airflow is used to allow the first target gas to enter the first accommodating chamber through the first air inlet. The first target gas includes first particulate matter and second particulate matter, and the size of the first particulate matter is larger than the size of the second particulate matter; the vacuum pump 1 is used to generate a second airflow, and the vacuum pump 1 is connected to the first turning portion through the second accommodating chamber. The second airflow can suck the second particulate matter entering the first accommodating chamber from the first turning portion into the second accommodating chamber, and the second airflow cannot suck the first particulate matter entering the first accommodating chamber into the second accommodating chamber.

[0007] Preferably, the second particulate matter includes activated particles and gap particles, the virtual cutter 1 further includes a first air outlet, the vacuum pump 2 is connected to the second accommodating chamber through the first air outlet, the first airflow device is used to suck out the second particulate matter in the second accommodating chamber, and the second particulate matter enters the target device through the first air outlet; an aerosol growth tube is arranged between the first air outlet and the target device, the aerosol growth tube is used to increase the size of the activated particles of the second particulate matter to target activated particles, and maintain the original size of the gap particles; the aerosol growth tube includes a temperature controller and a humidity adjustment device, the temperature controller is used to maintain the first target gas passing through the first accommodating chamber at a target temperature, and the humidity adjustment device is used to maintain the first target gas passing through the first accommodating chamber at a target humidity.

[0008] Furthermore, the aerosol growth tube includes a temperature controller and a humidity control device. The humidity control device includes a third accommodating chamber, which is used to accommodate the second particles after passing through the second accommodating chamber. The third accommodating chamber has a saturated water-retaining layer inside, which is used to maintain the humidity in the third accommodating chamber; the temperature controller includes an electric heating plate, which is located outside the third accommodating chamber, and the electric heating plate is used to control the temperature in the third accommodating chamber.

[0009] Preferably, the aerosol growth tube further includes a fourth accommodating chamber and an overflow tank, the fourth accommodating chamber is located between the third accommodating chamber and the second accommodating chamber, and the fourth accommodating chamber is used to accommodate the second particulate matter after passing through the second accommodating chamber; the saturated water retention layer has a water inlet and a water outlet, the overflow tank is arranged outside the fourth accommodating chamber, and a circulating water pump is provided between the overflow tank and the saturated water retention layer, and the circulating water pump is used to circulate the water in the overflow tank through the water inlet of the saturated water retention layer into the saturated water retention layer, and the water outlet of the saturated water retention layer is used to circulate the water in the saturated water retention layer into the overflow tank.

[0010] More preferably, the target device includes a virtual cutter 2, which includes a fifth accommodating chamber, a second air inlet, a sixth accommodating chamber, a second turning portion, a vacuum pump 3 and a vacuum pump 4. The first air inlet is connected to the fifth accommodating chamber, and the second turning portion is located between the second air inlet and the fifth accommodating chamber. The vacuum pump 3 is used to generate a third airflow, which is connected to the fifth accommodating chamber. The third airflow is used to allow the target activated particles and the gap particles to enter the fifth accommodating chamber through the second air inlet; the vacuum pump 4 is used to generate a fourth airflow, which is connected to the second turning portion through the sixth accommodating chamber. The fourth airflow can suck the gap particles entering the fifth accommodating chamber from the second turning portion into the sixth accommodating chamber, and the fourth airflow cannot suck the target activated particles entering the fifth accommodating chamber into the sixth accommodating chamber.

[0011] Preferably, a drying tube 1 is provided between vacuum pump 3 and the fifth accommodating chamber, for drying water vapor in the third airflow; and / or a drying tube 2 is provided between vacuum pump 4 and the sixth accommodating chamber, for drying water vapor in the fourth airflow. Preferably, drying tube 1 and / or drying tube 2 are Nafion™ aerosol drying tubes.

[0012] Furthermore, an OPC optical particle counter is located between vacuum pump 3 and the fifth chamber, used to measure the number concentration of target activated particles; and / or a CPC condensation particle counter is located between vacuum pump 4 and the sixth chamber, used to measure the number concentration of interstitial particles. A first collection filter is located between vacuum pump 3 and the fifth chamber, used to collect target activated particles; and / or a second collection filter is located between vacuum pump 4 and the sixth chamber, used to collect interstitial particles.

[0013] Preferably, vacuum pump 2 and / or vacuum pump 1 is a vacuum pump; vacuum pump 2 includes float flowmeter 2, which is used to monitor the flow of the first airflow; and / or vacuum pump 1 includes float flowmeter 1, which is used to monitor the flow of the second airflow.

[0014] According to a second aspect of the technical solution of the present invention, a gas particle concentration detection device is provided, characterized in that the gas particle concentration detection device includes the above-mentioned separation system for cloud gap particles and activated particles.

[0015] According to a third aspect of the technical solution of the present invention, an aerosol sampling device is provided, characterized in that the aerosol sampling device includes the above-mentioned separation system for cloud gap particles and activated particles.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the system for separating cloud and fog interstitial particles from activated particles provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] In the present invention, a virtual cutter generates a countercurrent airflow at its inlet, separating larger particles (such as cloud droplets or ice crystals) from smaller particles. During this process, a first target gas containing first particles (larger particles) and second particles (smaller particles) can be introduced through the first air inlet. Due to the inertia of the large particles, they are unable to deflect with the high-speed countercurrent airflow and are therefore effectively collected in the first holding chamber. Simultaneously, a vacuum pump draws the smaller second particles through the second holding chamber, ensuring effective separation of the two particles. This separation process is accomplished without the need for physical impact, thus avoiding the particle breakage and rebound issues that can occur with traditional impactors.

[0018] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a system for separating cloud gap particles and activated particles according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the aerosol growth tube structure according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a virtual cutter according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a virtual cutter according to the present invention.

[0024] Description of reference numerals in the accompanying drawings:

[0025] 1. Vacuum pump 1; 2. Float flowmeter 1; 3. Virtual cutter 1; 4. Circulating water pump; 5. Vacuum pump 2; 6. Float flowmeter 2; 7. Aerosol regulator; 8. Electric heating plate; 9. Temperature controller; 10. Aerosol growth tube; 11. Overflow tank; 12. Virtual cutter 2; 13. Drying tube 1; 14. Drying tube 2; 15. OPC optical particle counter; 16. CPC condensation particle counter; 17. Collection filter 1; 18. Collection filter 2; 19. Vacuum pump 3; 20. Float flowmeter 3; 21. Float flowmeter 4; 22. Vacuum pump 4; 23. Saturated water retention layer; 24. First accommodating chamber; 25. First air inlet; 26. Second accommodating chamber; 27. First turning part; 28. First particulate matter; 29. ​​Second particulate matter; 30. First air outlet; 31. Second air outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the following description, when referring to the drawings, like numbers in different figures represent like or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments are not intended to represent all possible embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present invention, as detailed in the appended claims.

[0027] The present invention provides a system for separating particulate matter in cloud gaps from activated particles, which includes a vacuum pump, a float flowmeter, a virtual cutter, a circulating water pump, a vacuum pump, a float flowmeter, an aerosol regulator, an electric heating plate, a temperature controller, an aerosol growth tube, an overflow tank, a virtual cutter, a drying tube, a drying tube, an OPC optical particle counter, a CPC condensation particle counter, a collection filter membrane, a collection filter membrane, a vacuum pump, a float flowmeter, a float flowmeter, and a vacuum pump. The activated particles are cloud droplets.

[0028] The vacuum pump acts as the power source for the countercurrent airflow of the virtual cutter. The countercurrent airflow primarily consists of particles with a size of less than 2.5 μm, i.e., activated particles (cloud droplets). The vacuum pump is connected to the saturated water retention layer via a float flowmeter. The float flowmeter controls and monitors the flow rate of the countercurrent airflow of the virtual cutter. The virtual cutter is used to generate a countercurrent airflow at the gas inlet, separating larger particles (such as cloud droplets or ice crystals) from smaller particles. Large particles are unable to follow the high-speed countercurrent airflow due to inertia and are therefore collected in the sample stream, while smaller particles are carried away by the countercurrent airflow. This separation process can be accomplished without the need for physical impact, thus avoiding the particle breakage and rebound issues that can occur in traditional impactors.

[0029] The circulating water pump is a power device used to pump water in the aerosol regulator water tank into the saturated water retention layer of the aerosol growth tube; the vacuum pump 2 serves as a power device for the airflow at the outlet of the virtual cutter 1, and the airflow mainly contains particles with a particle size greater than 2.5μm; the vacuum pump 2 is connected to the outlet of the virtual cutter 1 via the float flowmeter 2; the float flowmeter 2 controls and monitors the flow rate of the airflow at the outlet of the virtual cutter 1.

[0030] The aerosol regulator is preferably a water tank equipped with a thermostat. The water tank is kept at a constant temperature. The aerosol regulator serves as a device for regulating the humidity and temperature of the aerosol, so that the aerosol entering the aerosol growth tube maintains a certain temperature and humidity.

[0031] The electric heating plate is located in the upper middle portion of the aerosol growth tube, specifically on the aluminum alloy outer wall at the upper end of the aerosol growth tube. The length of the electric heating plate is not less than 10 cm. A constant temperature difference of 30°C to 40°C is formed between the temperature at the upper end of the aerosol growth tube and the temperature of the aerosol particles entering the lower end of the aerosol growth tube from the aerosol regulator. A thermostat is located at the outer end of the electric heating plate and is used to control the temperature of the electric heating plate.

[0032] The inside of the aerosol growth tube is a saturated water-retaining layer to maintain the aerosol growth tube in a suitable humidity environment. The outside of the aerosol growth tube is a metal layer connected from the middle (that is, the metal layer wraps the aerosol growth tube), and the metal layer is preferably an aluminum alloy outer wall; an electric heating plate is wrapped around the outside of the metal layer; the saturated water-retaining layer is made of polyvinyl alcohol, and the water in the constant temperature water tank of the aerosol regulator is injected from the air outlet end of the saturated water-retaining layer under the power of the circulating water pump. The overflowing water in the saturated water-retaining layer flows back to the constant temperature water tank of the aerosol regulator through the overflow pool at the bottom of the air inlet of the saturated water-retaining layer; the saturated water-retaining layer is the innermost layer of the aerosol growth tube and the main channel for water circulation of the device.

[0033] The overflow tank is located on the side of the air inlet at the lower end of the aerosol growth tube, and serves as a connecting unit for the water circulation between the aerosol regulator and the aerosol growth tube; the virtual cutter 2 generates a countercurrent airflow at the inlet, so that larger particles (such as cloud droplets or ice crystals) are separated from small particles. Large particles are unable to follow the high-speed countercurrent airflow due to inertia and are therefore collected in the sample flow, while small particles are carried away by the countercurrent airflow. This particle separation process can be completed without the need for physical impact, thus avoiding the problems of particle breakage and rebound that may occur in traditional impactors. The sizes of the acceleration hole and nozzle of the virtual cutter 2 are different from those of the acceleration hole and nozzle of the virtual cutter 1;

[0034] Drying tube 1 is an aerosol drying tube, and in a preferred embodiment, a Nafion™ aerosol drying tube is used; drying tube 2 is an aerosol drying tube, and in a preferred embodiment, a Nafion™ aerosol drying tube is used; an OPC optical particle counter is used to measure the number concentration of activated particles, and a CPC condensation particle counter is used to measure the number concentration of interstitial particles; collection filter 1 is used to collect activated particles, and collection filter 2 is used to collect interstitial particles; vacuum pump 3 serves as a power device for the airflow at the outlet of virtual cutter 2, and the airflow at the outlet of virtual cutter 2 mainly contains cloud droplets with a particle size greater than 1 μm;

[0035] Float flowmeter three controls and monitors the flow rate of the airflow at the outlet of virtual cutter two, and float flowmeter four controls and monitors the flow rate of the countercurrent of virtual cutter two; vacuum pump four serves as the power device of the countercurrent airflow of virtual cutter two, and the countercurrent airflow of virtual cutter two mainly contains interstitial particles with a particle size of less than 1 μm.

[0036] In one embodiment, vacuum pump one is connected to float flowmeter one, and vacuum pump two is connected to float flowmeter two; virtual cutter one is connected to aerosol regulator, an overflow tank is provided between the aerosol regulator and the aerosol growth tube, a circulating water pump is provided between the overflow tank and the saturated water retention layer, and an electric heating plate is provided between the aerosol growth tube and the temperature controller; virtual cutter two is connected to drying tube one and drying tube two, an OPC optical particle counter is provided between drying tube one and collecting filter membrane one, and float flowmeter three is connected between collecting filter membrane one and vacuum pump three; a CPC condensation particle counter is provided between drying tube two and collecting filter membrane two, and float flowmeter four is connected between collecting filter membrane two and vacuum pump four.

[0037] Furthermore, the virtual cutter 1 includes a first accommodating chamber, a first air inlet, a second accommodating chamber and a first turning portion, the first air inlet is connected to the first accommodating chamber, the first turning portion is located between the first air inlet and the first accommodating chamber, the vacuum pump 2 is used to generate a first airflow, the vacuum pump 2 is connected to the first accommodating chamber via the float flowmeter 2, the first airflow is used to allow the first target gas to enter the first accommodating chamber through the first air inlet, the first target gas includes first particles and second particles, the size of the first particles is larger than the size of the second particles; the vacuum pump 1 is used to generate a second airflow, the vacuum pump 1 is connected to the first turning portion through the second accommodating chamber via the float flowmeter 1, the second airflow can suck the second particles entering the first accommodating chamber from the first turning portion into the second accommodating chamber, and the second airflow cannot suck the first particles entering the first accommodating chamber into the second accommodating chamber.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the second particulate matter includes activated particles and interstitial particles, and the separation system of cloud interstitial particles and activated particles includes a first air outlet, and the vacuum pump is connected to the second containing chamber through the first air outlet. The first airflow device is used to suck out the second particulate matter in the second containing chamber, and the second particulate matter enters the target device through the first air outlet; an aerosol growth tube is arranged between the first air outlet and the target device, and the aerosol growth tube includes a temperature controller for maintaining the first target gas passing through the first containing chamber at a target temperature; and a humidity adjustment device for maintaining the first target gas passing through the first containing chamber at a target humidity; the aerosol growth tube is used to increase the size of the activated particles of the second particulate matter to target activated particles, and maintain the original size of the interstitial particles.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, the aerosol growth tube includes a temperature controller and a humidity control device; the humidity control device includes a third accommodating chamber, which is used to accommodate the second particles after passing through the second accommodating chamber. The third accommodating chamber has a saturated water-retaining layer inside, and the saturated water-retaining layer is used to maintain the humidity in the third accommodating chamber; the temperature controller includes an electric heating plate, which is located outside the third accommodating chamber, and the electric heating plate is used to control the temperature in the third accommodating chamber.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the aerosol growth tube includes a fourth containing chamber and an overflow tank. The fourth containing chamber is located between the third containing chamber and the second containing chamber. The fourth containing chamber is used to contain the second particulate matter after passing through the second containing chamber. The saturated water retention layer has a water inlet and a water outlet. The overflow tank is arranged outside the fourth containing chamber. A circulating water pump is provided between the overflow tank and the saturated water retention layer. The circulating water pump is used to circulate the water in the overflow tank through the water inlet and send it into the saturated water retention layer. The water outlet of the saturated water retention layer is used to circulate the water in the saturated water retention layer into the overflow tank.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment, the target device includes a virtual cutter 2, which includes a fifth accommodating chamber and a second air inlet, the first air inlet is connected to the fifth accommodating chamber; a sixth accommodating chamber and a second turning portion, the second turning portion is located between the second air inlet and the fifth accommodating chamber; a vacuum pump 3, which is used to generate a third airflow, the vacuum pump 3 is connected to the fifth accommodating chamber, the third airflow is used to allow the target activated particles and the gap particles to enter the fifth accommodating chamber through the second air inlet; a vacuum pump 4, which is used to generate a fourth airflow, the vacuum pump 4 is connected to the second turning portion through the sixth accommodating chamber, the fourth airflow can suck the gap particles entering the fifth accommodating chamber from the second turning portion into the sixth accommodating chamber, and the fourth airflow cannot suck the target activated particles entering the fifth accommodating chamber into the sixth accommodating chamber.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, there is a drying tube 1 between the vacuum pump 3 and the fifth accommodating chamber, and the drying tube 1 is used to dry the water vapor in the third airflow; and / or there is a drying tube 2 between the vacuum pump 4 and the sixth accommodating chamber, and the drying tube 2 is used to dry the water vapor in the fourth airflow.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, an OPC optical particle counter is located between vacuum pump 3 and the fifth chamber to measure the number concentration of target activated particles; and / or a CPC condensation particle counter is located between vacuum pump 4 and the sixth chamber to measure the number concentration of interstitial particles. Number concentration represents the number of particles per unit volume.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, there is a collection filter membrane 1 between the vacuum pump 3 and the fifth accommodating chamber, and the collection filter membrane 1 is used to collect target activated particles; and / or there is a collection filter membrane 2 between the vacuum pump 4 and the sixth accommodating chamber, and the collection filter membrane 2 is used to collect interstitial particles.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, vacuum pump 2 and / or vacuum pump 1 is a vacuum pump; vacuum pump 2 includes float flowmeter 2, which is used to monitor the flow rate of the first airflow; and / or vacuum pump 1 includes float flowmeter 1, which is used to monitor the flow rate of the second airflow.

[0046] The following further illustrates the technical solution of the system for separating particles in the gaps between clouds and mist and activated particles in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the separation system of cloud gap particles and activated particles includes a virtual cutter 3, which includes a first accommodating chamber 24, a first air inlet 25, a second accommodating chamber 26, a first turning portion 27, a vacuum pump 25 and a vacuum pump 1. The first air inlet 25 can be connected to the first accommodating chamber 24. The first turning portion 27 is located between the first air inlet 25 and the first accommodating chamber 24. The vacuum pump 25 is used to generate a first airflow, which is connected to the first accommodating chamber 24. The first airflow is used to allow a first target gas to enter the first accommodating chamber 24 through the first air inlet 25. The first target gas includes first particles 28 and second particles 29. The size of the first particles 28 is larger than that of the second particles 29. The vacuum pump 1 is used to generate a second airflow, which is connected to the first turning portion 27 through the second accommodating chamber 26. The second airflow can suck the second particles 29 entering the first accommodating chamber 24 from the first turning portion 27 into the second accommodating chamber 26, and the second airflow cannot suck the first particles 28 entering the first accommodating chamber 24 into the second accommodating chamber 26.

[0047] The system for separating interstitial particles from activated particles can be a device for separating particles of different sizes in a gas, effectively separating larger particles from smaller particles. In a preferred embodiment, the first particles are particles with a particle size greater than 2.5 μm, and the second particles are particles with a particle size less than 2.5 μm.

[0048] Virtual cutter 3 can be a specific part within the system for separating cloud gap particles from activated particles, and can be used for preliminary particle separation. The first accommodating chamber 24 in virtual cutter 3 can be a space for accommodating incoming target gas, and can serve as an area for separating larger particles from smaller particles. The first accommodating chamber 24 can also serve as a space for accommodating larger particles. For example, the first cavity can be a cylindrical cavity, a square cavity, or other polygonal cavity. However, the present application is not limited to this, and those skilled in the art can adjust or configure it according to specific needs.

[0049] The first air inlet 25 serves as an entrance for gas to enter the first accommodating chamber 24 and can be connected to an external air source. For example, the first air inlet 25 can be an air inlet of varying diameters, an air inlet equipped with a filter, etc. However, the present application is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art may adjust or configure the first air inlet 25 based on specific needs.

[0050] The second accommodating cavity 26 may be a cavity for receiving the second particles 29. The second accommodating cavity 26 in the virtual cutter 3 may be an area for receiving smaller particles. For example, the second accommodating cavity 26 may be a cavity of various shapes, such as circular or square. However, the present application is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art may adjust or configure the cavity according to specific needs.

[0051] The first deflection portion 27 may be a structure for changing the direction of airflow and may be located between the first air inlet 25 and the first accommodating chamber 24. For example, the deflection portion may be a beveled or curved design. However, the present application is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art may adjust or configure the deflection portion according to specific needs.

[0052] The vacuum pump 2 5 can be a device for generating the first airflow to ensure that the gas can effectively flow into the first accommodating chamber 24. For example, the airflow generating device can be a fan or a vacuum pump. However, the present application is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can adjust or configure it according to specific needs.

[0053] Connectivity can refer to the connection between components that allows for smooth airflow. For example, the connectivity can be a direct pipe connection or a valve connection. However, the present application is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art may adjust or configure the connectivity based on specific needs.

[0054] The first airflow may be generated by the vacuum pump 25, and is used to introduce the gas into the first accommodating chamber 24. For example, the airflow may have different flow rates and flow rates. However, the present application is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art may adjust or configure the airflow according to specific needs.

[0055] The first target gas may be gas entering the first accommodating chamber 24 through the first air inlet 25, and may contain first particulate matter 28 and second particulate matter 29. For example, the first target gas may include: air (air in a natural environment, containing particulate matter such as water vapor, dust, and pollen), an aerosol (a mixture comprising liquid or solid particles suspended in a gas, such as fine particulate matter in haze, aerosols generated by sprays, and aerosols from cosmetics or detergents), smoke (such as tobacco smoke and industrial exhaust, which often contain a variety of particulate matter), a spray (such as pesticide sprays used in agriculture, which contain particulate matter of varying sizes), a gas mixture (a gas containing specific components, such as exhaust gas containing sulfur dioxide or automobile exhaust containing nitrogen oxides), mist (such as mist formed by condensation of water vapor, containing numerous tiny water droplets), a bioaerosol (such as a gas containing biological particles such as bacteria, viruses, and spores suspended in air), or other specific gases (such as specific chemical gases that may be used in laboratories or gas streams generated in certain industrial processes). However, the present application is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art may adjust or configure the gas according to specific needs.

[0056] The first particles 28 may refer to larger particles, and the second particles 29 may refer to smaller particles. For example, using the first target gas as an aerosol, the first particles 28 may be particles capable of forming cloud droplets or ice crystals. The second particles 29 may be particles that cannot form cloud droplets. However, this application is not limited to this, and those skilled in the art may adjust or configure the particle size based on specific needs. In this technical solution, the first particles are particles with a particle size greater than 2.5 μm, and the second particles are particles with a particle size less than 2.5 μm.

[0057] The vacuum pump 1 can be a device for generating a second airflow, ensuring that the second particulate matter 29 can be effectively drawn into the second receiving chamber 26. For example, the airflow generating device can be a fan or a vacuum pump. The second airflow can be generated by the vacuum pump 1 and used to draw the second particulate matter 29 into the second receiving chamber 26. For example, the airflow can have different flow rates and flow rates. However, this application is not limited to this, and those skilled in the art can adjust or configure the airflow according to specific needs.

[0058] The second airflow can draw second particles 29 entering first accommodating chamber 24 through first deflection portion 27 into second accommodating chamber 26, demonstrating the coordination between the second airflow and first deflection portion 27. Large particles drawn into the first airflow are unable to deflect due to inertia, resulting in the second airflow only drawing in the second particles after passing through the deflection portion. Therefore, the second airflow can draw the second particles through the deflection portion into second accommodating chamber 26, but cannot draw the first particles through the deflection portion into second accommodating chamber 26, thereby achieving separation of the first particles 28 and the second particles 29.

[0059] Specifically, due to its greater mass and inertia, the first particles 28 are subject to inertia during the deflection of the second airflow, causing them to tend to maintain their original state of motion. When the second airflow passes through the deflection portion, the change in direction of the second airflow causes the smaller second particles 29 to deflect in the same direction as the second airflow and enter the second accommodating chamber 26. However, due to its greater inertia, the first particles 28 are unable to adapt to the change in direction of the second airflow and are thus unable to smoothly deflect and be drawn into the second accommodating chamber 26. Therefore, the first particles 28 continue to move along their original airflow path before the deflection portion, and are discharged into other channels or the first accommodating chamber 24. This mechanism effectively separates the first particles 28 and the second particles 29.

[0060] In this embodiment, the system for separating cloud-mist interstitial particles from activated particles effectively separates particles of varying sizes through precisely designed airflow. Specifically, the virtual cutter 3 generates a countercurrent airflow at its inlet, separating larger particles (such as cloud droplets or ice crystals) from smaller ones. During this process, a first target gas containing first particles 28 (larger particles) and second particles 29 (smaller particles) can be introduced through the first air inlet 25. Due to the inertia of the large particles, they are unable to deflect with the high-speed countercurrent airflow and are therefore effectively collected in the first holding chamber 24. Simultaneously, the vacuum pump 1 draws the smaller second particles 29 through the second holding chamber 26, ensuring effective separation of the two types of particles. This separation process is accomplished without the need for physical impaction, thus avoiding the particle breakage and rebound issues that can occur with traditional impactors.

[0061] In some embodiments, the second particles 29 may include activated particles and interstitial particles, and the particle separation device may include a first air outlet 30. The vacuum pump 25 is connected to the second accommodating chamber 26 through the first air outlet 30. The first air flow device is used to suck out the second particles 29 in the second accommodating chamber 26. The second particles 29 enter the target device through the first air outlet 30.

[0062] An aerosol growth tube 10 is arranged between the first gas outlet 30 and the target device. The aerosol growth tube 10 includes a temperature controller 9 for maintaining the first target gas passing through the first accommodating chamber 24 at a target temperature, and a humidity adjustment device for maintaining the first target gas passing through the first accommodating chamber 24 at a target humidity. The aerosol growth tube 10 is used to increase the size of the activated particles of the second particulate matter 29 to target activated particles, and maintain the original size of the interstitial particles.

[0063] Activated particles can be particles that can form or grow through physical or chemical processes under specific environmental conditions (such as temperature and humidity). Their size and properties can be suitable for specific applications, such as forming cloud droplets or participating in other meteorological processes. Examples include, but are not limited to, aggregates of water molecules that form cloud droplets, liquid particles in aerosols, and solid particles that can participate in nucleation reactions under meteorological conditions. Interstitial particles can be particles that exist in gases or liquids but do not activate or change under specific conditions. They are typically small and do not participate in cloud droplet formation or other meteorological phenomena. Examples include, but are not limited to, fine dust, particles of specific chemical composition, and aerosols that do not meet activation conditions.

[0064] The first air outlet 30 may be a structure in the system for separating the cloud gap particles from the activated particles, and is used to draw the second particles 29 from the second receiving chamber 26 through the airflow and guide them to the target device. For example, the first air outlet 30 may be a variety of outlets, such as a pipe, a valve, a filter, etc., and may have different diameters and configurations.

[0065] Second particulate matter 29 may be particulate matter separated by the system for separating interstitial particulate matter from activated particulate matter, and enters a target device for subsequent processing or utilization through first outlet 30. For example, second particulate matter 29 may include activated particulate matter and interstitial particulate matter, and various configurations and selections may be employed depending on processing requirements.

[0066] The aerosol growth tube 10 may be a device used to adjust the gas environment conditions (such as temperature and humidity) to promote the formation of activated particles and maintain the original size of interstitial particles. For example, the aerosol growth tube 10 may include a temperature control device, a humidifier, a dehumidifier, a gas mixer, etc.

[0067] The temperature controller 9 may refer to a device for controlling and maintaining the gas passing through the first accommodating chamber 24 within a target temperature range. For example, the temperature controller 9 may include a heater, a cooler, a temperature control valve, and the like.

[0068] The humidity regulating device may refer to a device for controlling and maintaining the gas passing through the first receiving chamber 24 within a target humidity range. For example, the humidity regulating device may include a humidifier, a dehumidifier, a humidity sensor, and the like.

[0069] The target device may refer to a downstream device or system of the system for separating particulate matter from activated particles in the cloud gap, and may be used to process, utilize, or analyze particulate matter entering through the first air outlet 30. The function of this device may vary depending on the application requirements. For example, the target device may include, but is not limited to: a collection device (for collecting and storing separated particulate matter, such as a filter or collection container), an analysis device (an instrument for performing component analysis or property detection on particulate matter, such as a mass spectrometer or particle size analyzer), a reaction device (equipment for chemically reacting or further processing particulate matter, such as a reactor or catalytic device), a gas processing device (for processing gas flows associated with particulate matter, such as exhaust gas treatment equipment or gas purification equipment), and an agricultural application device (equipment for spraying pesticides or other bioactive substances, utilizing separated particulate matter for precise application, etc.). However, the present application is not limited to these, and those skilled in the art may adjust or configure the target device based on specific needs.

[0070] In this embodiment, the system for separating interstitial particles from activated particles further separates activated particles from interstitial particles. By regulating the temperature and humidity through the aerosol growth tube 10, the system not only promotes the growth of activated particles to the target size, but also ensures that interstitial particles maintain their original size, thus avoiding deformation or loss during the separation process and ensuring the integrity and functionality of the particles. Furthermore, the flexible design of the target device makes it suitable for a variety of fields, including environmental monitoring, meteorological research, agriculture, and materials science, enhancing its wide application.

[0071] It should be noted that the first accommodating chamber 24 may also have a second air outlet 31 , which may be used to guide the first particulate matter 28 out of the first accommodating chamber 24 .

[0072] In some embodiments, the aerosol growth tube 10 may include a temperature controller 9 and a humidity control device;

[0073] The humidity regulating device may include a third accommodating chamber, the third accommodating chamber being used to accommodate the second particulate matter 29 after passing through the second accommodating chamber 26, and a saturated water-retaining layer 23 being provided inside the third accommodating chamber, the saturated water-retaining layer 23 being used to maintain the humidity in the third accommodating chamber;

[0074] The temperature controller 9 may include an electric heating plate 8 located outside the third accommodating cavity. The electric heating plate 8 is used to control the temperature inside the third accommodating cavity.

[0075] The aerosol growth tube 10 may include a temperature controller 9 and a humidity control device, which may work together to create optimal environmental conditions to promote the formation of activated particles.

[0076] Specifically, the humidity control device may include a third chamber, which can be used to accommodate second particles 29 that have passed through second chamber 26. A saturated water-retaining layer 23 is provided within the third chamber to maintain humidity within the chamber. The design of saturated water-retaining layer 23 ensures that ambient moisture remains at an ideal level, thereby promoting the formation of activated particles under specific conditions, such as cloud droplet formation or other meteorological processes.

[0077] Furthermore, the thermostat 9 may include an electric heating plate 8 located outside the third chamber to control the temperature within the chamber. This precise temperature regulation ensures that the activated particles reach the desired target size during particle separation and subsequent processing, without compromising the integrity of any interstitial particles. The design of the electric heating plate 8 allows technicians to flexibly adjust the temperature based on actual needs to optimize particle activation.

[0078] It should be noted that there may be one or more aerosol growth tubes 10 , and multiple aerosol growth tubes 10 may be connected to the second accommodating chamber 26 .

[0079] In some embodiments, the aerosol growth tube 10 includes a fourth containing chamber and an overflow tank 11. The fourth containing chamber is located between the third containing chamber and the second containing chamber 26. The fourth containing chamber is used to contain the second particulate matter 29 after passing through the second containing chamber 26. The saturated water retention layer 23 has a water inlet and a water outlet. The overflow tank 11 is arranged outside the fourth containing chamber. There is a circulating water pump 4 between the overflow tank 11 and the saturated water retention layer 23. The circulating water pump 4 is used to circulate the water in the overflow tank 11 through the water inlet and send it into the saturated water retention layer 23. The water outlet of the saturated water retention layer 23 is used to circulate the water in the saturated water retention layer 23 into the overflow tank 11.

[0080] The fourth accommodating chamber can be located between the third accommodating chamber and the second accommodating chamber 26, and can accommodate the second particles 29 obtained after passing through the second accommodating chamber 26. Through this configuration, the fourth accommodating chamber can increase the processing space for the particles and also provide the necessary environmental conditions for subsequent particle separation.

[0081] The saturated water-retention layer 23 can be equipped with a water inlet and outlet to facilitate water circulation. The overflow tank 11 can be located outside the fourth chamber and connected to the saturated water-retention layer 23 via a circulating water pump 4. This circulating water pump 4 circulates water from the overflow tank 11 into the saturated water-retention layer 23, thereby maintaining the ideal humidity level in the saturated water-retention layer 23. This effectively maintains the activation conditions of the particles while ensuring the stability and integrity of the particles throughout the separation process.

[0082] The outlet of the saturated water-retention layer 23 circulates excess water in the saturated water-retention layer 23 back to the overflow tank 11, ensuring a constant water balance in the system and preventing excess or insufficient water from affecting the activation of the particles. This not only improves the efficiency of the system but also enhances its reliability in practical applications.

[0083] In this embodiment, the overflow tank 11 can move excess water in the saturated water retention layer 23 back into the middle overflow tank 11 , thereby realizing water circulation in the aerosol growth tube 10 .

[0084] In a preferred embodiment, a possible workflow of the system for separating interstitial particles from activated particles may be as follows:

[0085] First, aerosol can be inhaled from the first air inlet 25, and aerosol particles are separated with a cut-off size of, for example, 2.5 μm. Aerosol particles larger than 2.5 μm enter the first receiving chamber 24, and aerosol particles smaller than 2.5 μm enter the second receiving chamber 26. The flow rate of this air path can be controlled by devices such as a vacuum pump and a float flowmeter.

[0086] Secondly, the aerosol particles entering the second receiving chamber 26 will enter the aerosol growth tube 10. The aerosol growth tube 10 has a saturated water retention layer 23 and an electric heating plate 8, which can adjust the temperature and relative humidity of the aerosol particles entering therein so that they carry water vapor.

[0087] Again, the circulating water pump 4 can draw water from the overflow tank 11 into the inner wall of the saturated water-retaining layer 23 (and the inner wall of the saturated water-retaining layer 23 can also be provided with a porous water-absorbing material), so that the relative humidity of the inner wall of the aerosol growth tube reaches saturation. The circulating water pump 4 can also move the excess water on the inner wall of the saturated water-retaining layer 23 back into the overflow tank 11, realizing water circulation in the aerosol regulator 7 and the aerosol growth tube.

[0088] Thirdly, the electric heating plate 8 can achieve a constant temperature difference between the aerosol particles at the end of the aerosol growth tube 10 and the head end of the aerosol growth tube 10. In a preferred embodiment, the temperature difference can be 30°C to 40°C.

[0089] Furthermore, the aerosol growth tube 10 can activate and grow activated particles under the influence of differences in mass and temperature diffusivities, allowing them to grow to a size of 1 μm or larger. Aerosol particles that have grown to 1 μm in size after passing through the aerosol growth tube are considered activated particles, while those that have not been activated are considered interstitial particles, with a size less than 1 μm. After the activated particles are separated from the interstitial particles, they can be processed by the target device.

[0090] It should be noted that this application does not specifically limit the size of the activated particles. Those skilled in the art may adjust their size based on actual circumstances. The 1 μm size mentioned above is merely an example of the possible sizes of the activated particles in this application, and is not limited to the sizes described in the above examples.

[0091] It should be noted that the working principle and structure of the virtual cutter 2 can be referred to the description of the virtual cutter 1 3 in the aforementioned embodiment, and the present invention will not repeat them here.

[0092] In some embodiments, the target device includes a virtual cutter 2 12, the virtual cutter 2 12 includes a fifth accommodating chamber and a second air inlet, the first air inlet 25 is connected to the fifth accommodating chamber, the sixth accommodating chamber and the second turning portion, the second turning portion is located between the second air inlet and the fifth accommodating chamber, a vacuum pump 3 19, the vacuum pump 3 19 is used to generate a third airflow, the vacuum pump 3 19 is connected to the fifth accommodating chamber, the third airflow is used to allow the target activated particles and the gap particles to enter the fifth accommodating chamber through the second air inlet, a vacuum pump 4 22, the vacuum pump 4 22 is used to generate a fourth airflow, the vacuum pump 4 22 is connected to the second turning portion through the sixth accommodating chamber, the fourth airflow can suck the gap particles entering the fifth accommodating chamber from the second turning portion into the sixth accommodating chamber, and the fourth airflow cannot suck the target activated particles entering the fifth accommodating chamber into the sixth accommodating chamber.

[0093] For example, a possible workflow of the system for separating cloud gap particles from activated particles in this embodiment may be as follows:

[0094] First, the fifth chamber is connected to the first air inlet 25, receiving target activated particles (e.g., particles larger than 1 μm) and interstitial particles (e.g., particles smaller than 1 μm) flowing from the aerosol growth tube 10. The second air inlet is used to guide the third airflow into the fifth chamber, ensuring efficient airflow.

[0095] Secondly, the second deflection section is located between the second air inlet and the fifth accommodating chamber. Its primary function is to guide the incoming fourth airflow, enabling efficient separation and deflection of the target activated particles and interstitial particles. Simultaneously, vacuum pump 22 is responsible for generating the fourth airflow, which connects to the second deflection section via the sixth accommodating chamber. This device is designed to draw interstitial particles entering the fifth accommodating chamber through the second deflection section into the sixth accommodating chamber, while preventing the target activated particles from being drawn into the sixth accommodating chamber. The fourth airflow allows interstitial particles to enter the sixth accommodating chamber, while the relatively larger target activated particles, due to inertia, cannot enter the sixth accommodating chamber, thus achieving separation between the target activated particles and the interstitial particles.

[0096] In this embodiment, further separation of interstitial particles and target activated particles is achieved, which can be used for subsequent further processing of interstitial particles or target activated particles.

[0097] In some embodiments, there is a drying tube 13 between the vacuum pump three 19 and the fifth accommodating chamber, and the drying tube 13 is used to dry the water vapor in the third airflow, and / or there is a drying tube 14 between the vacuum pump four 22 and the sixth accommodating chamber, and the drying tube 14 is used to dry the water vapor in the fourth airflow.

[0098] For example, a possible workflow of the system for separating cloud gap particles from activated particles in this embodiment may be as follows:

[0099] First, drying tube 13 can be positioned between vacuum pump 3 19 and the fifth receiving chamber to remove moisture from the third airflow. The presence of moisture can affect particle separation efficiency. Drying can reduce this interference, ensuring that the target activated particles and interstitial particles are in a more stable state upon entering the fifth receiving chamber. This embodiment not only improves particle separation accuracy but also helps prevent particle aggregation or adhesion caused by moisture.

[0100] Secondly, drying tube 2 14, located between vacuum pump 4 22 and the sixth chamber, is responsible for drying out moisture from the fourth airflow. By drying the fourth airflow, the composition of the airflow entering the sixth chamber is ensured to be even purer, further improving the separation efficiency of interstitial particles. This drying device design ensures smoother flow of the fourth airflow, ensuring efficient separation and transfer of particulate matter.

[0101] The present application does not specifically limit the type of drying tube 13 and / or drying tube 2 14, that is, those skilled in the art can adjust their types according to actual circumstances. As long as the drying tube 13 and / or drying tube 2 14 can achieve the drying of the airflow, it can be used. For example, the drying tube 13 and / or drying tube 2 14 can be a condensation dryer (by lowering the gas temperature to condense the water, thereby achieving the drying effect), an adsorption dryer (using a desiccant (such as silica gel, molecular sieve or activated carbon) to adsorb the water in the gas), a hot air dryer (by heating the air and mixing it with the gas to be dried to remove the water therein), a membrane dryer (using a selectively permeable membrane to separate the water through the membrane to achieve the purpose of drying), a spray dryer (spraying liquid substances into droplets, which quickly evaporate the water after contact with the hot air flow), a heat pump dryer (using the principle of a heat pump to transfer water from a low-temperature environment to a high-temperature area for drying), an electromagnetic dryer (using microwaves or radio frequency waves to heat the water and evaporate it quickly), etc.

[0102] In this embodiment, the effectiveness of the airflow processing process can be improved by introducing drying tube 13 and drying tube 2 14. This design ensures that during the particle separation process, water vapor in the airflow does not negatively affect the separation effect, thereby enhancing the stability and reliability of the technology.

[0103] In some embodiments, drying tube 13 and / or drying tube 2 14 are Nafion™ aerosol drying tubes.

[0104] In this embodiment, the Nafion™ aerosol drying tube is a highly efficient drying device specifically designed to remove water vapor from an airflow. Based on the unique properties of the Nafion™ material, it is capable of effectively adsorbing and removing moisture while maintaining airflow, thereby ensuring that the water vapor concentration of the third and fourth airflows is reduced to an ideal level before entering the corresponding containment chambers, thereby maximizing the separation efficiency of the particles. Furthermore, the advantage of using a Nafion™ aerosol drying tube lies in its efficient drying capability, which enables it to quickly and effectively remove water vapor from an airflow compared to conventional drying devices, ensuring the purity of the airflow. Furthermore, the Nafion™ material exhibits excellent chemical stability to a variety of gases, making it suitable for use in various experimental and industrial environments, thus enhancing the applicability of the equipment. Furthermore, the drying tube consumes relatively little energy during operation, helping to reduce overall operating costs and improve economic benefits. Finally, its structural design also makes maintenance and replacement processes simple and efficient, reducing downtime. These features collectively ensure the efficiency and reliability of the system for separating particulate matter from activated particles in the cloud gap.

[0105] In some embodiments, an OPC optical particle counter 15 is provided between the vacuum pump three 19 and the fifth containing chamber, and the OPC optical particle counter 15 is used to measure the number concentration of target activated particles, and / or a CPC condensation particle counter 16 is provided between the vacuum pump four 22 and the sixth containing chamber, and the CPC condensation particle counter 16 is used to measure the number concentration of interstitial particles.

[0106] The OPC optical particle counter 15, located between vacuum pump 3 19 and the fifth chamber, measures the number concentration of the target activated particles. Using optical principles, it quickly and accurately detects changes in particle concentration in the airflow, providing real-time feedback on the number of target activated particles. This function not only helps optimize particle separation efficiency but also provides crucial data for subsequent processing and analysis, enabling operators to adjust airflow and separation parameters to achieve optimal separation results.

[0107] For example, the OPC optical particle counter 15 can be: a laser particle counter (which uses the principle of laser scattering to determine the number and size of particles by measuring the scattered intensity of light), a light transmission particle counter (which measures the attenuation of light passing through a sample to measure particles in an airflow), a light scattering particle counter (which monitors the number concentration and size distribution of particles in real time based on the scattering ability of particles), a multi-wavelength OPC optical particle counter 15 (which uses lasers of multiple wavelengths for particle detection and can distinguish different types of particles), a portable OPC optical particle counter 15 (which is miniaturized and suitable for on-site monitoring and portable applications), etc.

[0108] The CPC condensation particle counter 16 is located between vacuum pump 22 and the sixth chamber, specifically for measuring interstitial particle count concentration. Using the condensation principle, this counter effectively detects the concentration of tiny particles in the airflow, providing more accurate monitoring of the separation process. This design ensures effective separation of interstitial particles and helps improve the accuracy and reliability of particle processing.

[0109] For example, the CPC condensation particle counter 16 can be: a gas CPC condensation particle counter 16 (CPC) (by cooling the gas to below the dew point, causing water vapor to condense on particulate matter, thereby forming measurable droplets), a dynamic light scattering condensation counter (combining the condensation principle with dynamic light scattering technology to monitor the number concentration and particle size distribution of particulate matter in real time), a condensing gas counter (by changing the temperature and pressure of the gas to cause tiny particles to aggregate and be counted), a laser CPC condensation particle counter 16 (using laser technology to measure the number concentration of particulate matter during the condensation process), a portable CPC condensation particle counter 16 (a small device suitable for on-site monitoring and mobile applications), etc.

[0110] In some embodiments, there is a collection filter membrane 17 between the vacuum pump three 19 and the fifth housing chamber, and the collection filter membrane 17 is used to collect target activated particles, and / or there is a collection filter membrane 2 18 between the vacuum pump four 22 and the sixth housing chamber, and the collection filter membrane 2 18 is used to collect interstitial particles.

[0111] Collection filter 17 can be positioned between vacuum pump 3 19 and the fifth chamber, specifically for collecting the target activated particles. This collection device utilizes appropriate physical or chemical mechanisms, such as electrostatic adsorption, gravity settling, or filtration, to effectively capture the separated target activated particles, ensuring they are not carried away by the airflow. This not only improves the recovery rate of the target activated particles but also facilitates subsequent processing and analysis, providing a reliable data foundation for further applications.

[0112] For example, the collection filter membrane 17 can be: an electrostatic collector (using electrostatic force to capture charged or polar particles, suitable for collecting target activated particles), a filter (using filter materials of different pore sizes to collect target activated particles through physical filtration), a centrifugal separator (using the centrifugal force generated by rotation to separate and collect the target activated particles from the airflow), a sedimentation tank (using the principle of gravity sedimentation to allow the target activated particles to settle in a static area for easy collection), a gas scrubber (collecting particles in the airflow through liquid spraying or foaming), etc.

[0113] Collection filter membrane 2 18 is positioned between vacuum pump 4 22 and the sixth chamber, primarily used to collect interstitial particles. This device also employs a suitable collection mechanism to ensure the effective capture of interstitial particles during the separation process. By precisely controlling the collection conditions, collection filter membrane 2 18 maximizes the collection rate of interstitial particles without affecting the characteristics of the airflow and particulate matter, thereby enhancing the overall separation effect.

[0114] For example, the collection filter membrane 2 18 can be: a condensation collector (through the condensation effect, the interstitial particles are attached to the condensation surface for easy collection), a settler (using gravity or air flow changes to make the interstitial particles settle and collect inside the device), a magnetic collector (applying a magnetic field in the air flow and using magnetic materials to capture magnetic or conductive interstitial particles), a multi-stage centrifugal separator (through multi-stage rotation, interstitial particles of different sizes are effectively separated and collected), an adsorbent collector (using activated carbon or other materials to adsorb interstitial particles for collection), etc.

[0115] In some embodiments, vacuum pump 2 5 and / or vacuum pump 1 is a vacuum pump, vacuum pump 2 5 includes float flowmeter 2 6, float flowmeter 2 6 is used to monitor the flow rate of the first airflow, and / or vacuum pump 1 includes float flowmeter 1 2, float flowmeter 2 is used to monitor the flow rate of the second airflow.

[0116] A vacuum pump is available as an option for Vacuum Pump 2-5 and / or Vacuum Pump 1. Its primary function is to create a negative pressure environment, encouraging airflow within the device, effectively guiding the separation of particles from the gas. The use of a vacuum pump ensures the stability and controllability of the airflow, providing strong support for the subsequent particle separation process. Compared to traditional airflow generation methods, a vacuum pump can better adapt to airflow requirements under varying operating conditions, enhancing the flexibility and applicability of the device.

[0117] However, the present invention does not specifically limit the type of vacuum pump 25 and / or vacuum pump 1. For example, vacuum pump 25 and / or vacuum pump 1 can also be a blower (using a fan or centrifugal principle to generate airflow, suitable for occasions requiring a large airflow), a compressed air device (generating airflow through a compressed air source, suitable for applications requiring high-pressure airflow), a gas pump (such as a diaphragm pump or a gear pump, which can effectively move gas and is suitable for processing specific gases), an ejector (using the principle of fluid dynamics to inject gas into the fluid through a nozzle to generate airflow), an electric fan (a simple electric fan can be used for small-scale airflow generation, suitable for low-requirement applications), a centrifugal pump (generating airflow through a rotating impeller, suitable for the transfer of liquids and gases), a negative pressure aspirator (extracting gas from a certain area through the negative pressure principle to form an airflow), etc., that is, those skilled in the art can set or adjust according to actual conditions.

[0118] The introduction of float flowmeter 26 and float flowmeter 12 is used to monitor the flow rates of the first and second airflows, respectively. The flowmeters display the airflow rate in real time by raising and lowering the floats, offering ease of operation and high accuracy. The presence of the flowmeters allows operators to monitor airflow changes at all times, allowing them to adjust airflow parameters in a timely manner to achieve optimal separation results. Furthermore, real-time flow monitoring helps ensure that the equipment operates within a safe range, preventing poor particle separation due to airflow fluctuations.

[0119] In a preferred embodiment, the vacuum pump three 19 includes a float flowmeter three 20, which is used to monitor the flow rate of the third airflow, and / or the vacuum pump four 22 includes a float flowmeter four 21, which is used to monitor the flow rate of the fourth airflow.

[0120] It should be noted that for the float flowmeter 3 20 and / or the float flowmeter 4 21 , reference may be made to the description of the aforementioned embodiments, and the present invention will not be elaborated herein.

[0121] Based on the same concept, the technical solution of the present invention also provides a gas particle concentration detection device. The gas particle concentration detection device provided in this embodiment can have all the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned separation system of cloud gap particles and activated particles, and the present invention will not be repeated here.

[0122] Based on the same concept, the technical solution of the present invention further provides an aerosol sampling device. The aerosol sampling device provided in this embodiment can have all the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned separation system of cloud gap particles and activated particles, and the present invention will not be repeated here.

[0123] In the present invention, "plurality" refers to two or more than two, and other quantifiers are similar. "And / or" describes the association relationship of related objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the related objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. The singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0124] The terms "first," "second," and the like are used to describe various types of information, but such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are used solely to distinguish information of the same type from one another and do not imply a specific order or level of importance. In fact, the terms "first," "second," and the like are fully interchangeable. For example, first information could be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information could be referred to as first information without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0125] It will be understood that the terms “center,” “longitudinal,” “lateral,” “front,” “back,” “up,” “down,” “left,” “right,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “inside,” and “outside” and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this embodiment and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0126] Unless otherwise specified, "connected" includes both direct connections where no other components exist between the two components, and indirect connections where other components exist between the two components. Although operations are described in a particular order in the accompanying drawings, this should not be construed as requiring that these operations be performed in the particular order shown, or in a serial order, or that all illustrated operations be performed to achieve a desired result. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous.

[0127] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present invention after considering the specification and practicing the technical concepts disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The description and examples are to be considered as exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the invention are indicated by the following claims.

[0128] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the exact structure described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present invention is limited only by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A system for separating cloud interstitial particles from activated particles, characterized in that: The invention comprises a virtual cutter (3), a vacuum pump (5) and a vacuum pump (1), wherein the virtual cutter (3) comprises a first accommodating chamber (24), a first air inlet (25), a second accommodating chamber (26) and a first turning portion (27), wherein the first air inlet (25) is connected to the first accommodating chamber (24), and the first turning portion (27) is located between the first air inlet (25) and the first accommodating chamber (24), and the vacuum pump (5) is used to generate a first air flow, which is connected to the first accommodating chamber (24). The first air flow is used to allow a first target gas to enter the first accommodating chamber through the first air inlet (25). The nanocavity (24) contains a first target gas including a first particle (28) and a second particle (29), wherein the size of the first particle (28) is larger than the size of the second particle (29); a vacuum pump (1) is used to generate a second airflow, and the vacuum pump (1) is connected to the first turning portion (27) through the second accommodating cavity (26), wherein the second airflow can draw the second particle (29) entering the first accommodating cavity (24) from the first turning portion (27) into the second accommodating cavity (26), and the second airflow cannot draw the first particle (28) entering the first accommodating cavity (24) into the second accommodating cavity (26); The virtual cutter 1 (3) further includes a first air outlet (30), the vacuum pump 1 (1) is connected to the second accommodating chamber (26) through the first air outlet (30), and the second particle (29) enters the target device through the first air outlet (30); the target device includes a virtual cutter 2 (12), a vacuum pump 3 (19) and a vacuum pump 4 (22), the virtual cutter 2 (12) includes a second air inlet, a fifth accommodating chamber, a sixth accommodating chamber and a second turning portion, the second air inlet is connected to the fifth accommodating chamber, the second turning portion is located between the second air inlet and the fifth accommodating chamber, the vacuum pump 3 (19) is used to generate a third airflow, the vacuum pump 3 (19) is connected to the fifth accommodating chamber, and the third airflow is used to make the target activated particles and the gap particles enter the fifth accommodating chamber through the second air inlet; An aerosol growth tube (10) is provided between the first gas outlet and the target device. The aerosol growth tube (10) is used to increase the size of the activated particles of the second particulate matter into target activated particles, and to maintain the original size of the interstitial particles. The aerosol growth tube (10) includes a temperature controller (9) and a humidity control device. The temperature controller (9) is used to maintain the first target gas passing through the first accommodating chamber at a target temperature. The humidity control device is used to maintain the first target gas passing through the first accommodating chamber at a target humidity. The vacuum pump four (22) is used to generate a fourth airflow. The vacuum pump four (22) is connected to the second turning portion through the sixth accommodating chamber. The fourth airflow can suck the interstitial particles entering the fifth accommodating chamber from the second turning portion into the sixth accommodating chamber. The fourth airflow cannot suck the target activated particles entering the fifth accommodating chamber into the sixth accommodating chamber.

2. The system for separating cloud gap particles and activated particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aerosol growth tube includes a temperature controller and a humidity control device. The humidity control device includes a third accommodating chamber, which is used to accommodate the second particles after passing through the second accommodating chamber. The third accommodating chamber has a saturated water-retaining layer inside, which is used to maintain the humidity inside the third accommodating chamber; the temperature controller includes an electric heating plate, which is located outside the third accommodating chamber, and the electric heating plate is used to control the temperature inside the third accommodating chamber.

3. The system for separating cloud gap particles and activated particles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The aerosol growth tube (10) further includes a fourth accommodating chamber and an overflow tank (11), wherein the fourth accommodating chamber is located between the third accommodating chamber and the second accommodating chamber (26), and is used to accommodate the second particulate matter (29) after passing through the second accommodating chamber (26); the saturated water retention layer has a water inlet and a water outlet, the overflow tank (11) is arranged outside the fourth accommodating chamber, and a circulating water pump (4) is provided between the overflow tank (11) and the saturated water retention layer (23), and the circulating water pump (4) is used to circulate water in the overflow tank (11) through the water inlet and send it into the saturated water retention layer (23), and the water outlet of the saturated water retention layer (23) is used to circulate water in the saturated water retention layer (23) and inject it into the overflow tank (11).

4. The system for separating cloud gap particles and activated particles according to claim 3, characterized in that: Vacuum pump 2 or vacuum pump 1 is a vacuum pump; vacuum pump 2 includes float flowmeter 2, which is used to monitor the flow of the first airflow; and / or vacuum pump 1 includes float flowmeter 1, which is used to monitor the flow of the second airflow.

5. The system for separating cloud gap particles and activated particles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The third vacuum pump includes a third float flowmeter, which is used to monitor the flow of the third airflow, and / or the fourth vacuum pump includes a fourth float flowmeter, which is used to monitor the flow of the fourth airflow.

6. The system for separating cloud interstitial particles and activated particles according to claim 5, characterized in that: A drying tube 1 (13) is provided between the vacuum pump 3 (19) and the fifth accommodating chamber, and the drying tube 1 (13) is used to dry the water vapor in the third airflow; a drying tube 2 (14) is provided between the vacuum pump 4 (22) and the sixth accommodating chamber, and the drying tube 2 (14) is used to dry the water vapor in the fourth airflow.

7. The system for separating cloud gap particles and activated particles according to claim 6, characterized in that: Drying tube 1 and / or drying tube 2 are Nafion™ aerosol drying tubes.

8. The system for separating cloud gap particles and activated particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: An OPC optical particle counter is provided between vacuum pump three and the fifth containing chamber, and the OPC optical particle counter is used to measure the number concentration of target activated particles; and / or a CPC condensation particle counter is provided between vacuum pump four and the sixth containing chamber, and the CPC condensation particle counter is used to measure the number concentration of interstitial particles.

9. The system for separating cloud interstitial particles and activated particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is a collection filter membrane 1 between the vacuum pump 3 and the fifth accommodating chamber, and the collection filter membrane 1 is used to collect target activated particles; and / or there is a collection filter membrane 2 between the vacuum pump 4 and the sixth accommodating chamber, and the collection filter membrane 2 is used to collect gap particles.

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