Waste dump monitoring method and device and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a waste dump monitoring method and device and electronic equipment, and relates to the technical field of data processing, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining land data, climate data and resource data of a target waste dump; based on the land data, the climate data and the resource data, establishing a mining and discharging model corresponding to the target dumping site, constructing a reclamation model corresponding to the target dumping site based on mining information and discharging information obtained by the mining and discharging model, and generating reclamation information corresponding to the target dumping site through the reclamation model; according to the mining information, the emission information and the reclamation information, constructing a ground surface settlement model and an ecological greening evaluation model corresponding to the target dumping site, predicting ground surface settlement data of the target dumping site through the ground surface settlement model, and predicting ecological greening data corresponding to the target dumping site through the ecological greening evaluation model; and monitoring the waste dump based on the ground surface settlement data and the ecological greening data. According to the invention, the dumping site can be monitored.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of data processing technology, and in particular to a monitoring method, device and electronic equipment for a spoil dump. Background Art

[0002] The ecological types of the mining area of ​​Weijiamao open-pit mine include grassland landscape, forest (including shrubbery) landscape, farmland landscape, sandy land landscape, dry valley landscape and artificial landscape, with grassland landscape accounting for the largest proportion, about 68.34%, followed by cultivated land. The consequence of soil occupation by the dumping site has caused the original surface vegetation to disappear, which is easy to cause dust and soil erosion, causing the deterioration of the ecological environment.

[0003] At present, spoil dumps mainly involve coal seam areas and non-coal seam areas. If spoil dumps are located in non-coal seam areas, a large amount of farmland will be occupied and expensive relocation and resettlement costs will be incurred. If spoil dumps are located in coal seam areas, coal compression will be caused, making a large part of the resources usually unminable. In addition, the soil in spoil dumps is poor, with no development layers, poor structure, poor water retention, and low organic matter content. There is a lack of methods to monitor spoil dumps. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present application provides a monitoring method, device and electronic equipment for a spoil dump, the main purpose of which is to improve the current existing technology that the spoil dump is selected in non-coal seam areas, which requires occupying a large amount of farmland and incurring expensive relocation and resettlement costs. If it is selected in a coal seam area, it will cause coal compression, making a large part of the resources usually unable to be mined. In addition, the soil in the spoil dump is poor, has no development layers, poor structure, poor water retention, low organic matter content, and lacks technical problems such as a method for monitoring the spoil dump.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for monitoring a spoil dump, comprising:

[0006] Obtain the land data, climate data and resource data of the target dumping site;

[0007] Based on the land data, the climate data and the resource data, a mining and drainage model corresponding to the target dump is established, and based on the mining information and emission information obtained from the mining and drainage model, a reclamation model corresponding to the target dump is constructed, and reclamation information corresponding to the target dump is generated through the reclamation model;

[0008] Based on the mining information, the emission information and the reclamation information, a surface settlement model and an ecological greening evaluation model corresponding to the target dump are constructed, and the surface settlement data of the target dump are predicted by the surface settlement model, and the ecological greening data corresponding to the target dump are predicted by the ecological greening evaluation model;

[0009] The spoil dump is monitored based on the surface subsidence data and the ecological greening data.

[0010] Optionally, the establishing of a mining and drainage model corresponding to the target dump site based on the land data, the climate data and the resource data in question includes:

[0011] Digitally modeling the target dumping ground based on the resource data to obtain an initial mining and drainage model corresponding to the target dumping ground;

[0012] Determine the physical and mechanical parameters of the discarded materials, the sliding mode coefficient and the deformation coefficient of the dump corresponding to the target dump according to the land data and the climate data;

[0013] The initial mining and drainage model is corrected according to the physical and mechanical parameters of the abandoned materials, the sliding mode coefficient and the deformation coefficient of the dump, so as to obtain the mining and drainage model.

[0014] Optionally, determining the physical and mechanical parameters of the discarded materials, the sliding mode coefficient and the deformation coefficient of the dump corresponding to the target dump according to the land data and the climate data includes:

[0015] Performing indoor and outdoor mechanical analysis based on the land data and the climate data to determine the physical and mechanical parameters of the discarded materials corresponding to the target dump;

[0016] Based on the physical and mechanical parameters of the discarded materials, the initial mining and drainage model is qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed to determine the sliding mode coefficient and deformation coefficient of the target dump corresponding to the dump.

[0017] Optionally, the initial mining and drainage model is corrected according to the physical and mechanical parameters of the discarded materials, the sliding mode coefficient and the deformation coefficient of the dump to obtain the mining and drainage model, including:

[0018] According to the physical and mechanical parameters of the discarded materials, the sliding mode coefficient and the deformation coefficient of the dump, a stability coefficient corresponding to the initial mining and drainage model is obtained;

[0019] The initial production and drainage model is corrected based on the stability coefficient to obtain the production and drainage model.

[0020] Optionally, the step of constructing a reclamation model corresponding to the target dump site based on the mining information and the discharge information obtained from the mining and discharge model, and generating the reclamation information corresponding to the target dump site through the reclamation model includes:

[0021] Analyzing the slope creep coefficient corresponding to the target dump based on the mining information and the discharge information;

[0022] Constructing a reclamation model corresponding to the target dump site through the slope creep coefficient, the mining information and the discharge information;

[0023] The deformation and failure trend of the target dump is predicted based on the reclamation model, and reclamation information corresponding to the target dump is generated.

[0024] Optionally, constructing a surface subsidence model and an ecological greening evaluation model corresponding to the target dump according to the mining information, the emission information and the reclamation information, and predicting the surface subsidence data of the target dump by using the surface subsidence model, and predicting the ecological greening data corresponding to the target dump by using the ecological greening evaluation model, includes:

[0025] Analyze the mining information, the discharge information and the reclamation information to obtain the physical and mechanical parameters of the coal and rock mass in the mining subsidence area corresponding to the target spoil dump;

[0026] A surface settlement model corresponding to the target dump is constructed based on the physical and mechanical parameters of the coal and rock mass in the goaf subsidence area, and the surface settlement data of the target dump is predicted by the surface settlement model.

[0027] Optionally, constructing a surface settlement model corresponding to the target dump based on the physical and mechanical parameters of the coal and rock mass in the goaf subsidence area, and predicting the surface settlement data of the target dump by using the surface settlement model includes:

[0028] Based on the physical and mechanical parameters of the coal and rock mass in the goaf subsidence area, determining the structural evolution trend and dynamic deformation trend corresponding to the target dump;

[0029] Analyzing the deformation characteristics of the target dump according to the structural evolution trend and the dynamic deformation trend;

[0030] A surface settlement model corresponding to the target spoil dump is constructed based on the deformation characteristics, and the surface settlement data of the target spoil dump is predicted by using the surface settlement model.

[0031] Optionally, the method of constructing a surface settlement model and an ecological greening evaluation model corresponding to the target dump according to the mining information, the emission information and the reclamation information, and predicting the surface settlement data of the target dump by using the surface settlement model, and predicting the ecological greening data corresponding to the target dump by using the ecological greening evaluation model, further includes:

[0032] Determining a plurality of evaluation indicators reflecting predetermined ecological greening requirements based on the mining information, the emission information and the reclamation information;

[0033] An ecological greening evaluation model corresponding to the target spoil dump is constructed based on the multiple evaluation indicators, and ecological greening data corresponding to the target spoil dump is predicted using the ecological greening evaluation model.

[0034] In a second aspect, the present application provides a monitoring device for a spoil dump, comprising:

[0035] An acquisition module is configured to acquire land data, climate data and resource data of a target dump site;

[0036] An establishment module is configured to establish a mining and drainage model corresponding to the target dump based on the land data, the climate data and the resource data, and to construct a reclamation model corresponding to the target dump based on the mining information and emission information obtained from the mining and drainage model, and to generate reclamation information corresponding to the target dump through the reclamation model;

[0037] A prediction module is configured to construct a surface settlement model and an ecological greening evaluation model corresponding to the target dump according to the mining information, the emission information and the reclamation information, and to predict the surface settlement data of the target dump through the surface settlement model, and to predict the ecological greening data corresponding to the target dump through the ecological greening evaluation model;

[0038] The monitoring module is configured to monitor the spoil dump based on the surface subsidence data and the ecological greening data.

[0039] In a third aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for monitoring a spoil dump described in the first aspect is implemented.

[0040] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, comprising a storage medium, a processor, and a computer program stored on the storage medium and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, the method for monitoring a spoil dump described in the first aspect is implemented.

[0041] In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program, and is characterized in that when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the monitoring method of the spoil dump described in the first aspect.

[0042] By means of the above technical scheme, the present application provides a method, device and electronic equipment for monitoring a spoil dump. Compared with the current existing technology, the present application establishes a mining and drainage model corresponding to the target spoil dump through land data, climate data and resource data, and constructs a reclamation model corresponding to the target spoil dump based on the mining information and emission information obtained from the mining and drainage model, and generates reclamation information corresponding to the target spoil dump through the reclamation model; constructs a surface settlement model and an ecological greening evaluation model corresponding to the target spoil dump based on the mining information, emission information and reclamation information, and predicts the surface settlement data of the target spoil dump through the surface settlement model, and predicts the ecological greening data corresponding to the target spoil dump through the ecological greening evaluation model; monitors the spoil dump based on the surface settlement data and ecological greening data, realizes the optimization of the spoil dump planning of the area based on the subsidence law of the goaf area, and establishes an integrated mining and drainage and reclamation technology system. On the basis of the mining and drainage and reclamation integration technology, an ecological greening index system and evaluation theoretical model for the mining area are constructed, and an ecological greening monitoring and early warning technology system is constructed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0044] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0045] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a process flow of a method for monitoring a spoil dump provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0046] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a process flow of a method for monitoring a spoil dump provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0047] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing an example provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing an example provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a monitoring device for a spoil dump provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0050] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0052] In order to improve the existing technology, the dump site is selected in the non-coal seam area, which requires occupying a large amount of farmland and incurring expensive relocation and resettlement costs. If it is selected in the coal seam area, it will cause coal compression, making a large part of the resources unminable under normal circumstances. In addition, the soil in the dump site is poor, has no development layers, poor structure, poor water retention, low organic matter content, and lacks a method for monitoring the dump site. This embodiment provides a method for monitoring the dump site, such as Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0053] Step 101: Acquire the land data, climate data and resource data of the target spoil dump.

[0054] In the embodiment of the present application, the spoil dump can be an external spoil dump of an open-pit coal mine. Specifically, the spoil dump is a site for stacking stripping materials and waste rocks in places such as mines and construction sites. Reasonable spoil dump planning and management are of great significance for ensuring safe production, environmental protection and resource utilization. The target spoil dump in the embodiment of the present application can be a spoil dump that needs to be monitored.

[0055] In some examples, the land data of the spoil dump is an important basis for planning and managing the spoil dump, and these data include geological data, topographic data, soil data, hydrological data, etc.

[0056] Accordingly, the climate data of the spoil dump is an indispensable part of the planning and management of the spoil dump. Climate data can help evaluate the stability and environmental impact of the spoil dump under different climatic conditions, so as to take appropriate measures to ensure safe production and environmental protection. Specifically, it can include temperature data, precipitation data, humidity data, wind speed and direction data, sunshine data, evaporation data, frost and freezing data, etc.

[0057] For example, the resource data of the spoil dump is important information for planning and managing the spoil dump. These data cover the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the spoil dump, as well as the surrounding environment and resource utilization. Reasonable resource data management helps optimize the design of the spoil dump, improve resource utilization, reduce environmental pollution, and ensure safe production. Specifically, it can include soil resource data, water resource data, vegetation resource data, animal resource data, mineral resource data, socio-economic resource data, etc.

[0058] Step 102: Based on land data, climate data and resource data, a mining and drainage model corresponding to the target dump is established, and based on the mining information and emission information obtained from the mining and drainage model, a reclamation model corresponding to the target dump is constructed, and reclamation information corresponding to the target dump is generated through the reclamation model.

[0059] In some examples, the spoil dump mining and drainage model can be a mathematical model used for planning and managing spoil dumps, which can help evaluate and optimize the design, operation and management of spoil dumps. The mining and drainage model usually includes comprehensive consideration of the geometry, material properties, environmental impact and economic factors of the spoil dump.

[0060] Correspondingly, the mining and discharge model of the spoil dump is a mathematical model used to simulate and optimize the mining and discharge process of the spoil dump. Through this model, the mining information and discharge information of the spoil dump can be obtained, thereby optimizing the management and operation of the spoil dump. Specifically, the mining information may include the mining volume, mining area, mining depth and mining method; the discharge information may include the discharge volume, discharge area and discharge height.

[0061] For this embodiment, the reclamation model of the spoil dump is a mathematical model used to simulate and optimize the reclamation and reuse process of the spoil dump. The reclamation model can evaluate the reclamation potential and feasibility of the spoil dump, optimize the reclamation plan, improve land use efficiency, restore the ecological environment, and promote sustainable development.

[0062] The reclamation model is a mathematical model used to evaluate and optimize the reclamation process of the spoil dump. Through the reclamation model, a variety of reclamation information can be obtained, which is helpful to formulate a reasonable reclamation plan, restore the ecological environment, and improve land use efficiency. Correspondingly, the reclamation information can be soil quality, water resources, climate conditions and terrain conditions.

[0063] Step 103: Based on the mining information, emission information and reclamation information, a surface settlement model and an ecological greening evaluation model corresponding to the target spoil dump are constructed, and the surface settlement data of the target spoil dump are predicted through the surface settlement model, and the ecological greening data corresponding to the target spoil dump are predicted through the ecological greening evaluation model.

[0064] In the embodiment of the present application, the surface settlement model and ecological greening evaluation model of the spoil dump are important tools for evaluating and optimizing the management of the spoil dump. These models are used to predict the impact of surface settlement and evaluate the effect of ecological greening, respectively.

[0065] Specifically, the surface settlement model is a mathematical model used to predict the surface settlement caused by the dumping of strippings and waste rock. The surface settlement model can assess the extent and scope of surface settlement, predict the impact of surface settlement on infrastructure and the surrounding environment, optimize the dumping plan, and reduce the risk of settlement.

[0066] Correspondingly, the ecological greening evaluation model is a mathematical model used to evaluate the effect of ecological greening in the process of spoil dump reclamation. The ecological greening evaluation model can evaluate the effect of vegetation restoration and the health of the ecosystem, optimize the reclamation plan, improve the quality of ecological restoration, promote sustainable development, and reduce the impact on the environment.

[0067] In some examples, surface subsidence data may include the distribution of subsidence areas, the amount of subsidence, the subsidence rate, and the subsidence time series; ecological greening data may include vegetation restoration assessment, soil quality assessment, water resource management assessment, ecosystem health assessment, economic benefit assessment, and social impact assessment, etc.

[0068] Step 104: Monitor the spoil dump based on the surface settlement data and ecological greening data.

[0069] Compared with the current existing technology, this embodiment establishes a mining and drainage model corresponding to the target dump through land data, climate data and resource data, and constructs a reclamation model corresponding to the target dump based on the mining information and emission information obtained from the mining and drainage model, and generates reclamation information corresponding to the target dump through the reclamation model; based on the mining information, emission information and reclamation information, a surface settlement model and an ecological greening evaluation model corresponding to the target dump are constructed, and the surface settlement data of the target dump are predicted through the surface settlement model, and the ecological greening data corresponding to the target dump are predicted through the ecological greening evaluation model; the dump is monitored based on the surface settlement data and ecological greening data, and the dump is optimized based on the settlement law of the goaf area. The mining, drainage and reclamation integration technology system is established. On the basis of the mining, drainage and reclamation integration technology, an ecological greening index system and evaluation theoretical model for the mining area are constructed, and an ecological greening monitoring and early warning technology system is constructed.

[0070] As a refinement and extension of the above embodiment, when establishing a mining and drainage model corresponding to a target dump site based on land data, climate data and resource data, the following methods may be used but are not limited to: Figure 2 As shown, the method includes:

[0071] Step 201: Digitally model the target spoil dump based on resource data to obtain an initial mining and drainage model corresponding to the target spoil dump.

[0072] For example, if the target dump in this application is the dump corresponding to the mining area of ​​the Weijiamao open-pit mine, then Figure 3As shown in the figure, the Weijiamao open-pit coal mine was designed by the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Coal Mine Design Institute, with a design capacity of 6.0Mt / a and the main mining coal seam is 6# coal. The open-pit mine is designed to be arranged on the Guanzigou and its tributaries. In order to ensure normal flood discharge, a flood discharge channel is left on the non-working side of the open-pit mining site; the semi-fixed crushing station and the belt coal transport system are arranged near the east side of the first mining area; the open-pit mine has three dumping sites, namely the East 1 dumping site, the Southwest dumping site, and the inner dumping site. The minimum flat plate width of the dumping site is 85m, the step height is 20m, and the slope angle is 38°.

[0073] In some examples, such as Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the ecological types of the mining area of ​​Weijiamao open-pit mine include grassland landscape, forest (including shrubbery) landscape, farmland landscape, sandy land landscape, dry valley landscape and artificial landscape, with grassland landscape accounting for the largest proportion, about 68.34%, followed by cultivated land. The consequence of soil occupation by the dumping site has caused the original surface vegetation to disappear, which is easy to cause dust and soil erosion, causing the deterioration of the ecological environment.

[0074] For example, the land reclamation and greening work of the Weijiamao open-pit mine runs through the entire mining process until all coal seams are mined. Land reclamation work is divided into two parts: one is land restoration (leveling), and the other is land utilization. Land restoration mainly involves the accumulation and filling of a large amount of stripping materials, including the leveling of the spoil dump, the construction of cofferdams and slopes, the excavation of drainage ditches, etc. After the stripped rock and soil are abandoned to the designed elevation, they are flattened and compacted with bulldozers and other mechanical equipment. To prevent the slope from being eroded by rainwater, a reverse slope is formed with a slope of no more than 1% during construction, and the topsoil is covered. Land utilization is mainly carried out through vegetation restoration through agriculture, forestry production or artificial grass planting. According to the soil conditions and climatic conditions of the Weijiamao open-pit, the main tree (shrub) shelterbelts are Xinjiang poplar and Caragana, and the main grasses are alfalfa and Elymus salsa.

[0075] Specifically, the goaf of Guanzigou Coal Mine is adjacent to Weijiamao Open-pit Mine, and is close to the southwest dump of the open-pit mine, and is adjacent to the second mining area of ​​the open-pit mine. The planning of the external dump of the open-pit mine and the treatment of goaf subsidence can be placed in the same system for research. In view of this, in large open-pit mines and underground mining areas with serious subsidence, the stripping materials of the open-pit mine can be allocated according to the earthwork filling plan caused by mineral mining and the law of surface subsidence. The reasonable allocation of earthwork is an important measure to reduce the cost of land leveling projects.

[0076] For example, based on the current status and annual plan of Weijiamao open-pit mine and in accordance with the resource endowment conditions of Weijiamao open-pit mine, computer graphics are used to digitally model the external spoil dump and mining area, and the annual mining and drainage engineering schedule of the open-pit mine is optimized by developing an open-pit mining and drainage model.

[0077] Step 202: Determine the physical and mechanical parameters of the discarded materials, the sliding mode coefficient and the deformation coefficient of the dump corresponding to the target dump based on the land data and climate data.

[0078] Optionally, when executing step 202, the following method may be used but is not limited to the following method, which includes:

[0079] Step 11: Conduct indoor and outdoor mechanical analysis based on land data and climate data to determine the physical and mechanical parameters of the waste materials corresponding to the target spoil dump.

[0080] In the present application, indoor and outdoor mechanical analysis is an important part of the fields of structural engineering, architecture and materials science, which involves analyzing the behavior of buildings, structures and materials under various loads and environmental conditions. Indoor and outdoor mechanical analysis usually includes static analysis, dynamic analysis, thermodynamic analysis and fluid dynamics analysis.

[0081] In some examples, the physical and mechanical parameters of the dumped materials are important basic data for evaluating and managing the stability of the dump, designing the dump structure, and optimizing the dumping process. These parameters include density, porosity, shear strength, compressibility, permeability, etc.

[0082] Step 12: Based on the physical and mechanical parameters of the dumped materials, conduct qualitative and quantitative analysis on the initial mining and drainage model to determine the sliding mode coefficient and deformation coefficient of the target dumping site.

[0083] In an embodiment of the present application, the sliding mode coefficient and deformation coefficient of the spoil dump are important parameters for evaluating and managing the stability of the spoil dump. These coefficients can help engineers predict the behavior of the spoil dump under different conditions and ensure its safety and stability. The following is a detailed introduction to these two coefficients, including definitions, measurement methods, and applications. Specifically, the sliding mode coefficient (Sliding Mode Coefficient) indicates the possibility and degree of sliding of the spoil dump under different load and environmental conditions, and is usually used to evaluate the slope stability and overall stability of the spoil dump; the deformation coefficient (Deformation Coefficient) of the spoil dump indicates the degree of deformation of the spoil dump under different load and environmental conditions, and is usually used to evaluate the settlement, displacement and overall deformation of the spoil dump.

[0084] Exemplarily, based on step 201, the geological conditions of the spoil dump are analyzed on-site, the physical and mechanical parameters of the discarded materials are determined through indoor and outdoor mechanical experiments, an evaluation system for the physical and mechanical indicators of the spoil dump is constructed, the potential sliding modes of the spoil dump are qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed, the deformation law of the external spoil dump is studied through numerical calculations and physical model experiments, its destruction mechanism is revealed, and corresponding measures to ensure the stability of the spoil dump are proposed based on the deformation and destruction laws.

[0085] Step 203: Correct the initial mining and drainage model based on the physical and mechanical parameters of the discarded materials, the sliding mode coefficient and the deformation coefficient of the dump to obtain the mining and drainage model.

[0086] Optionally, when executing step 203, the following method may be used but is not limited to the following method, which includes:

[0087] Step 21: According to the physical and mechanical parameters of the discarded materials, the sliding mode coefficient and the deformation coefficient of the dump, the stability coefficient corresponding to the initial mining and drainage model is obtained.

[0088] Step 22: Correct the initial production and drainage model based on the stability coefficient to obtain a production and drainage model.

[0089] Further, when constructing a reclamation model corresponding to a target dump site based on mining information and discharge information obtained from the mining and drainage model, and generating reclamation information corresponding to the target dump site through the reclamation model, the following method may be used but is not limited to, and the method includes:

[0090] Step 31: Analyze the slope creep coefficient corresponding to the target spoil dump based on the mining information and the discharge information.

[0091] For this embodiment, the slope creep coefficient is one of the important parameters for evaluating the long-term stability of the spoil dump slope. Creep refers to the phenomenon that a material gradually undergoes plastic deformation under long-term constant stress. In a spoil dump, slope creep may cause the slope to slowly deform, thereby affecting the stability and safety of the slope.

[0092] Specifically, the slope creep coefficient is a parameter that describes the deformation rate of a material under long-term constant stress. It reflects the plastic deformation characteristics of a material under long-term load. The slope creep coefficient is usually expressed as creep rate or creep strain, and the unit can be the inverse of time (such as 1 / year) or strain unit (such as mm / year).

[0093] Step 32: Construct a reclamation model corresponding to the target spoil dump through the slope creep coefficient, mining information and discharge information.

[0094] Step 33: predict the deformation and damage trend of the target dump according to the reclamation model, and generate reclamation information corresponding to the target dump.

[0095] Exemplarily, based on step 202 and based on the time-dependent slope theory, the creep law of slope under the influence of water in the soil drainage planning is analyzed and studied; the relationship between the mining link, the drainage link and the selection of the soil dump and the relationship with land reclamation are analyzed through the mining and drainage model, and the reclamation model suitable for the mining and drainage model is studied to initially form a mining and drainage integration technology; based on the surface subsidence law under different mining conditions in the well mining method, the planning of the soil dump outside the mined-out subsidence area and the deformation and failure law of the soil dump are studied, the parameters of the soil dump are designed and optimized, and a corresponding reclamation plan for the mined-out subsidence area is constructed on the basis of the open-pit mining and drainage planning to form a corresponding mining and drainage integration technology.

[0096] Furthermore, when constructing a surface settlement model and an ecological greening evaluation model corresponding to the target dump based on the mining information, the discharge information and the reclamation information, and predicting the surface settlement data of the target dump through the surface settlement model, and predicting the ecological greening data corresponding to the target dump through the ecological greening evaluation model, the following method may be used but is not limited to, and the method includes:

[0097] Step 41: Analyze the mining information, discharge information and reclamation information to obtain the physical and mechanical parameters of the coal rock mass in the mining subsidence area corresponding to the target spoil dump.

[0098] In the embodiment of the present application, the physical and mechanical parameters of the coal and rock mass in the goaf subsidence area corresponding to the spoil dump are important basic data for evaluating and managing the stability of the goaf subsidence area, designing support structures, and optimizing mining processes. These parameters include density, porosity, shear strength, compressive strength, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, permeability, etc.

[0099] Step 42: construct a surface settlement model corresponding to the target dump based on the physical and mechanical parameters of the coal and rock mass in the mining subsidence area, and predict the surface settlement data of the target dump using the surface settlement model.

[0100] When executing step 42, the following method may be used but is not limited to the following method, which includes:

[0101] Step 421: Based on the physical and mechanical parameters of the coal and rock mass in the mining subsidence area, determine the structural evolution trend and dynamic deformation trend corresponding to the target spoil dump.

[0102] In some cases, the structural evolution and dynamic deformation trends of spoil dumps are important aspects of assessing and managing the stability, safety, and environmental impact of spoil dumps. These trends can be monitored and analyzed through a variety of methods, including geological surveys, field monitoring, numerical simulations, etc.

[0103] Specifically, the structural evolution trend refers to the changing trend of the internal structure and external morphology of the spoil dump during the long-term stacking process. The structural evolution trend can evaluate the long-term stability of the spoil dump, optimize the design and management of the spoil dump, reduce the risk of geological disasters, and evaluate the impact on the surrounding environment.

[0104] Correspondingly, the dynamic deformation trend refers to the deformation trend of the spoil dump caused by external loads (such as deadweight, rainfall, earthquake, etc.) and internal factors (such as changes in material properties, changes in hydrological conditions, etc.) during the dumping process. The dynamic deformation trend can evaluate the short-term and long-term deformation characteristics of the spoil dump, optimize the design and management of the spoil dump, reduce the risk of geological disasters, and evaluate the impact on the surrounding environment.

[0105] Step 422: Analyze the deformation characteristics of the target dump according to the structural evolution trend and the dynamic deformation trend.

[0106] Step 423: construct a surface settlement model corresponding to the target dump based on the deformation characteristics, and predict the surface settlement data of the target dump using the surface settlement model.

[0107] Exemplarily, based on step 32, the physical and mechanical parameters of the coal rock mass in the goaf subsidence area are determined experimentally, and a basic theoretical model of the rock strata for comprehensive mining is constructed by establishing a mechanical model and mathematical modeling based on the actual mining parameters; the destruction and structural evolution process of the overlying strata, and the final and dynamic deformation laws of the overlying strata during the mining process are studied through numerical simulation and similar simulation experiments; the surface subsidence, inclination, curvature, horizontal movement and deformation characteristics are calculated and solved based on the observation data, the surface subsidence and deformation laws during the mining of the working face are analyzed, the development laws of surface cracks above the working face are recorded, and the characteristics of the change of the drop and width of representative cracks with the advancement of the working face are recorded; based on the goaf subsidence area of ​​Guanzigou Coal Mine, the advantages and disadvantages of observation technologies such as GPS, InSAR, GNSS, digital measurement, and laser tracking technology are analyzed, the observation technology is optimized, and the big data prediction and early warning technology of goaf subsidence is studied based on the long-term observation data of the goaf subsidence area.

[0108] Step 43: Determine multiple evaluation indicators that reflect predetermined ecological greening requirements based on mining information, emission information, and reclamation information.

[0109] In some examples, the ecological greening of spoil dumps is an important part of mine and construction site reclamation, aiming to restore and improve the ecological environment of spoil dumps and increase the utilization value of land. In order to evaluate the ecological greening effect of spoil dumps, multiple evaluation indicators need to be established.

[0110] Specifically, multiple evaluation indicators may include vegetation coverage, vegetation diversity, soil quality, soil and water conservation effects, air quality, biodiversity, ecological service functions, and socio-economic impacts.

[0111] Step 44: construct an ecological greening evaluation model corresponding to the target spoil dump based on multiple evaluation indicators, and predict the ecological greening data corresponding to the target spoil dump through the ecological greening evaluation model.

[0112] Exemplarily, based on step 42, select evaluation indicators that are representative and can fully reflect the requirements of all aspects of ecological greening from the perspectives of scientificity, completeness, emphasis, operability, and adaptability, use questionnaire survey method, standard method, and reference system method to determine the specific evaluation criteria of each evaluation indicator, and establish a set of evaluation indicator systems that summarize the ecological greening of mining areas and are operational; based on the ecological greening evaluation system, use operations research or system engineering principles to study methods to determine the priority of each evaluation indicator and the method of obtaining the value of each indicator, and construct an ecological greening evaluation theoretical model based on fuzzy mathematics; A monitoring and early warning technology system is established, and an evaluation system that can be dynamically quantified is established; based on the environmental conditions of the mining area and the actual situation of mining and drainage restoration, a reasonable monitoring cycle is explored; according to the ecological greening situation in the mining area, the main monitoring objects and monitoring accuracy under different greening schemes are studied; the method of balancing the two monitoring methods of 3S technology and ground investigation is studied, and the occurrence, development and evolution of ecological greening under the mining and drainage restoration technology system is studied; the dynamic monitoring technology standards suitable for the integrated mining and drainage restoration technology of Weijiamao Open-pit Mine are studied, so as to form an ecological greening monitoring and early warning technology system suitable for Weijiamao Open-pit Mine and an evaluation system that can be dynamically quantified.

[0113] The development of large-scale mining areas generally adopts two mining methods: open-pit and underground mining. This can give full play to the advantages of open-pit and underground mining, improve resource recovery rate, and at the same time reduce the degree of damage to the environment to a minimum, thus achieving coordinated exploitation of resources and the environment.

[0114] There are more than 400 open-pit coal mines in my country. The location of the external spoil dump is a problem that plagues the development of open-pit mines. If the spoil dump is located in a non-coal seam area, a large amount of farmland will be occupied, and expensive relocation and resettlement costs will be incurred. If it is located in a coal seam area, it will cause coal compression, making a large part of the resources usually unavailable for mining. In addition, the soil in the spoil dump is poor, has no development layers, poor structure, poor water retention, and low organic matter content. Therefore, it is not suitable for large-scale plant growth for a long time, and the use of discarded materials should be reasonably planned. Long-term spoil dump planning can make the spoil dump design and production of open-pit mines more scientific and reasonable, and realize the upgrade from the technically feasible "capacity" level to the economically reasonable "cost-effectiveness" level. Research on the long-term spoil dump planning of open-pit mines can make the spoil dump of open-pit mines reasonably planned for a long period of time and guide the short-term spoil dump plan of open-pit mines.

[0115] With the development and utilization of coal resources, a large amount of land has been destroyed, causing a series of ecosystem damage problems, which seriously restricts the sustainable development of mining areas. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out land reclamation and greening work in mining areas, especially with the introduction of a series of regulations and laws such as the "Land Reclamation Regulations", which further highlights the importance and urgency of land reclamation and greening work. Actively carrying out the evaluation system and evaluation theoretical model of land reclamation and greening indicators in mining areas is a necessary condition for carrying out land reclamation and greening work. According to statistics, 10,000 tons of coal in open-pit mining of coal mines damages an area of ​​0.22ha of land, of which 0.12ha is directly damaged and excavated, and 0.1ha occupies an area of ​​0.1ha of land in the external dump. Up to 80% of soil organic carbon is lost due to disturbance. The reclamation and greening of open-pit mine dumps is an urgent task for my country's open-pit development of coal resources.

[0116] Underground mining destroys the stress environment of the underground surrounding rock, causing the surface and rock mass to move and deform. In particular, the mining of thick coal seams near the surface has a great impact on the soil quality of the upper surface, causing the topography to be destroyed, the land to deteriorate, and the vegetation to be damaged. my country's land area containing coal is very large, accounting for about 5.7% of the total area, and the mining areas are mainly concentrated in Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, the North China Plain, the Northeast Plain, and the agricultural areas of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Every year, the land subsidence caused by coal mining in my country reaches 70km2. There are more than 1,180 mining-related subsidences in 20 provinces and regions across the country, and the subsidence area has exceeded 1,150km2, causing direct economic losses of billions each year. With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, my country's demand for energy will become increasingly greater, and geological disasters such as mining-related subsidence will inevitably intensify.

[0117] Based on this, for adjacent open-pit mines in my country's large-scale mining areas, combining open-pit mine spoil dump planning, mine production planning, land reclamation and greening, and goaf subsidence control is beneficial to improving the economic benefits and environmental management efficiency of the mining areas.

[0118] In the embodiments of the present application, through field investigation, indoor mechanical experiments, physical model experiments, literature review, mathematical modeling, program development, qualitative and quantitative combination, comparative analysis, trend extrapolation and other methods, the open-pit mine external dump planning and goaf subsidence control coupling research is carried out in view of the characteristics of the adjacent open-pit mine shaft of Weijiamao, revealing the relationship between open-pit mining and reclamation, establishing a basic theoretical model of rock strata movement under comprehensive caving mining near the dump, studying the destruction mechanism, movement law, and subsidence law of the overlying rock strata, optimizing subsidence observation technology, applying the principle of big data to construct subsidence early warning technology, optimizing the dump planning of the area based on the subsidence law of the goaf area, and establishing a mining, drainage and reclamation integrated technology system. On the basis of mining, drainage and reclamation integrated technology, an ecological greening index system and evaluation theoretical model for the mining area are constructed, and an ecological greening monitoring and early warning technology system is constructed.

[0119] Compared with the current existing technology, this embodiment establishes a mining and drainage model corresponding to the target dump through land data, climate data and resource data, and constructs a reclamation model corresponding to the target dump based on the mining information and emission information obtained from the mining and drainage model, and generates reclamation information corresponding to the target dump through the reclamation model; based on the mining information, emission information and reclamation information, a surface settlement model and an ecological greening evaluation model corresponding to the target dump are constructed, and the surface settlement data of the target dump are predicted through the surface settlement model, and the ecological greening data corresponding to the target dump are predicted through the ecological greening evaluation model; the dump is monitored based on the surface settlement data and ecological greening data, and the dump is optimized based on the settlement law of the goaf area. The mining, drainage and reclamation integration technology system is established. On the basis of the mining, drainage and reclamation integration technology, an ecological greening index system and evaluation theoretical model for the mining area are constructed, and an ecological greening monitoring and early warning technology system is constructed.

[0120] Further, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 The specific implementation of the method shown in the embodiment provides a monitoring device for a spoil dump, such as Figure 5 As shown, the device includes: an acquisition module 31, an establishment module 32, a prediction module 33, and a monitoring module 34.

[0121] An acquisition module 31 is configured to acquire land data, climate data and resource data of a target dump site;

[0122] An establishment module 32 is configured to establish a mining and drainage model corresponding to the target dump based on the land data, the climate data and the resource data, and to construct a reclamation model corresponding to the target dump based on the mining information and the emission information obtained by the mining and drainage model, and to generate reclamation information corresponding to the target dump through the reclamation model;

[0123] The prediction module 33 is configured to construct a surface settlement model and an ecological greening evaluation model corresponding to the target dump according to the mining information, the emission information and the reclamation information, and predict the surface settlement data of the target dump through the surface settlement model, and predict the ecological greening data corresponding to the target dump through the ecological greening evaluation model;

[0124] The monitoring module is configured to monitor the spoil dump based on the surface subsidence data and the ecological greening data 34.

[0125] In some examples of the present embodiment, a module 32 is established, which is specifically configured to digitally model the target spoil dump based on the resource data to obtain an initial mining and drainage model corresponding to the target spoil dump; determine the physical and mechanical parameters of the discarded materials, the sliding mode coefficient and the spoil dump deformation coefficient corresponding to the target spoil dump based on the land data and the climate data; and correct the initial mining and drainage model using the sliding mode coefficient and the spoil dump deformation coefficient to obtain the mining and drainage model.

[0126] In some examples of this embodiment, a module 32 is established, which is specifically configured to perform indoor and outdoor mechanical analysis based on the land data and the climate data to determine the physical and mechanical parameters of the discarded materials corresponding to the target spoil dump; based on the physical and mechanical parameters of the discarded materials, the initial mining and drainage model is qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed to determine the sliding mode coefficient and the spoil dump deformation coefficient corresponding to the target spoil dump.

[0127] In some examples of this embodiment, a module 32 is established, which is specifically configured to obtain a stability coefficient corresponding to the initial mining and drainage model based on the physical and mechanical parameters of the abandoned material, the sliding mode coefficient and the deformation coefficient of the spoil dump; and to correct the initial mining and drainage model based on the stability coefficient to obtain the mining and drainage model.

[0128] In some examples of this embodiment, a module 32 is established, which is specifically configured to analyze the slope creep coefficient corresponding to the target spoil dump based on the mining information and the emission information; construct a reclamation model corresponding to the target spoil dump through the slope creep coefficient, the mining information and the emission information; predict the deformation and destruction trend of the target spoil dump based on the reclamation model, and generate reclamation information corresponding to the target spoil dump.

[0129] In some examples of this embodiment, the prediction module 33 is specifically configured to analyze the mining information, the emission information and the reclamation information to obtain the physical and mechanical parameters of the coal rock mass in the mining subsidence area corresponding to the target spoil dump; the physical and mechanical parameters of the coal rock mass are used to construct a surface settlement model corresponding to the target spoil dump, and the surface settlement data of the target spoil dump is predicted through the surface settlement model.

[0130] In some examples of the present embodiment, the prediction module 33 is further specifically configured to determine the structural evolution trend and dynamic deformation trend corresponding to the target dump based on the physical and mechanical parameters of the coal rock mass in the goaf subsidence area; analyze the deformation characteristics of the target dump according to the structural evolution trend and the dynamic deformation trend; construct a surface settlement model corresponding to the target dump based on the deformation characteristics, and predict the surface settlement data of the target dump through the surface settlement model.

[0131] The prediction module 33 is further specifically configured to determine a plurality of evaluation indicators reflecting predetermined ecological greening requirements based on the mining information, the emission information and the reclamation information; construct an ecological greening evaluation model corresponding to the target spoil dump based on the plurality of evaluation indicators, and predict the ecological greening data corresponding to the target spoil dump through the ecological greening evaluation model.

[0132] It should be noted that for other corresponding descriptions of the functional units involved in the monitoring device for a spoil dump provided in this embodiment, reference can be made to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The corresponding description in will not be repeated here.

[0133] Based on the above Figure 1 and Figure 2 The method shown in the embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned Figure 1 and Figure 2 The method shown.

[0134] Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (which can be a CD-ROM, USB flash drive, mobile hard disk, etc.), including a number of instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods of various implementation scenarios of the present application.

[0135] like Figure 6 The figure shows a hardware structure diagram of an electronic device of the present invention, including:

[0136] at least one processor 401; and,

[0137] A memory 402 is communicatively connected to at least one of the processors 401; wherein,

[0138] The memory 402 stores instructions that can be executed by at least one of the processors. The instructions are executed by at least one of the processors so that the at least one processor can execute the monitoring method for the spoil dump as described above.

[0139] Figure 6 A processor 401 is taken as an example.

[0140] The electronic device may further include: an input device 403 and a display device 404 .

[0141] The processor 401, the memory 402, the input device 403 and the display device 404 may be connected via a bus or other means. Figure 6The example of connecting through bus is taken in the following.

[0142] The memory 402 is a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium that can be used to store non-volatile software programs, non-volatile computer executable programs and modules, such as program instructions / modules corresponding to the method for monitoring a spoil dump in the embodiment of the present application, for example, Figure 1 and Figure 2 The processor 401 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the non-volatile software programs, instructions and modules stored in the memory 402, that is, the monitoring method of the spoil dump in the above embodiment is implemented.

[0143] The memory 402 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an operating system, an application required by at least one function; the data storage area may store data created according to the use of the monitoring method of the spoil dump, etc. In addition, the memory 402 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory 402 may optionally include a memory remotely arranged relative to the processor 401, and these remote memories may be connected to the device for executing the monitoring method of the spoil dump via a network. Examples of the above-mentioned network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.

[0144] The input device 403 can receive user clicks and generate signal inputs related to user settings and function control of the monitoring method of the spoil dump. The display device 404 can include display devices such as a display screen.

[0145] The one or more modules are stored in the memory 402, and when executed by the one or more processors 401, the spoil dump monitoring method in any of the above method embodiments is executed.

[0146] Optionally, the above-mentioned physical device may also include a user interface, a network interface, a camera, a radio frequency (RF) circuit, a sensor, an audio circuit, a WI-FI module, etc. The user interface may include a display, an input unit such as a keyboard, etc., and the optional user interface may also include a USB interface, a card reader interface, etc. The network interface may optionally include a standard wired interface, a wireless interface (such as a WI-FI interface), etc.

[0147] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above-mentioned physical device structure provided in this embodiment does not constitute a limitation on the physical device, and may include more or fewer components, or a combination of certain components, or different arrangements of components.

[0148] The storage medium may also include an operating system and a network communication module. The operating system is a program that manages the hardware and software resources of the above-mentioned physical device, and supports the operation of the information processing program and other software and / or programs. The network communication module is used to realize the communication between the components inside the storage medium, and the communication with other hardware and software in the information processing physical device.

[0149] Through the description of the above implementation methods, the technicians in this field can clearly understand that the present application can be implemented by means of software plus the necessary general hardware platform, or by hardware. By applying the scheme of this embodiment, compared with the current existing technology, this embodiment establishes a mining and drainage model corresponding to the target dump site through land data, climate data and resource data, and constructs a reclamation model corresponding to the target dump site based on the mining information and emission information obtained by the mining and drainage model, and generates reclamation information corresponding to the target dump site through the reclamation model; based on the mining information, emission information and reclamation information, a surface settlement model and an ecological greening evaluation model corresponding to the target dump site are constructed, and the surface settlement data of the target dump site are predicted through the surface settlement model, and the ecological greening data corresponding to the target dump site are predicted through the ecological greening evaluation model; the dump site is monitored based on the surface settlement data and the ecological greening data, and the dump site is optimized based on the settlement law of the goaf area. The drainage planning of the area is optimized, and the mining, drainage and reclamation integration technology system is established. On the basis of the mining, drainage and reclamation integration technology, an ecological greening index system and evaluation theoretical model for the mining area are constructed, and an ecological greening monitoring and early warning technology system is constructed.

[0150] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0151] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments described herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features applied for herein.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring a spoil dump, characterized in that: include: Obtain the land data, climate data and resource data of the target dumping site; Based on the land data, the climate data and the resource data, a mining and drainage model corresponding to the target dump is established, and based on the mining information and emission information obtained from the mining and drainage model, a reclamation model corresponding to the target dump is constructed, and reclamation information corresponding to the target dump is generated through the reclamation model; Based on the mining information, the emission information and the reclamation information, a surface settlement model and an ecological greening evaluation model corresponding to the target dump are constructed, and the surface settlement data of the target dump are predicted by the surface settlement model, and the ecological greening data corresponding to the target dump are predicted by the ecological greening evaluation model; The spoil dump is monitored based on the surface subsidence data and the ecological greening data.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of establishing a mining and drainage model corresponding to the target dump site based on the land data, the climate data and the resource data in question includes: Digitally modeling the target dumping ground based on the resource data to obtain an initial mining and drainage model corresponding to the target dumping ground; Determine the physical and mechanical parameters of the discarded materials, the sliding mode coefficient and the deformation coefficient of the dump corresponding to the target dump according to the land data and the climate data; The initial mining and drainage model is corrected according to the physical and mechanical parameters of the abandoned materials, the sliding mode coefficient and the deformation coefficient of the dump, so as to obtain the mining and drainage model.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that Determining the physical and mechanical parameters of the discarded materials, the sliding mode coefficient and the deformation coefficient of the dump corresponding to the target dump according to the land data and the climate data includes: Performing indoor and outdoor mechanical analysis based on the land data and the climate data to determine the physical and mechanical parameters of the discarded materials corresponding to the target dump; Based on the physical and mechanical parameters of the discarded materials, the initial mining and drainage model is qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed to determine the sliding mode coefficient and deformation coefficient of the target dump corresponding to the dump.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The initial mining and drainage model is corrected according to the physical and mechanical parameters of the abandoned materials, the sliding mode coefficient and the deformation coefficient of the dump to obtain the mining and drainage model, including: According to the physical and mechanical parameters of the discarded materials, the sliding mode coefficient and the deformation coefficient of the dump, a stability coefficient corresponding to the initial mining and drainage model is obtained; The initial production and drainage model is corrected based on the stability coefficient to obtain the production and drainage model.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The step of constructing a reclamation model corresponding to the target dump site based on the mining information and the discharge information obtained from the mining and discharge model, and generating the reclamation information corresponding to the target dump site through the reclamation model includes: Analyzing the slope creep coefficient corresponding to the target dump based on the mining information and the discharge information; Constructing a reclamation model corresponding to the target dump site through the slope creep coefficient, the mining information and the discharge information; The deformation and failure trend of the target dump is predicted based on the reclamation model, and reclamation information corresponding to the target dump is generated.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The method comprises: constructing a surface settlement model and an ecological greening evaluation model corresponding to the target dump according to the mining information, the emission information and the reclamation information, and predicting the surface settlement data of the target dump by using the surface settlement model, and predicting the ecological greening data corresponding to the target dump by using the ecological greening evaluation model, including: Analyze the mining information, the discharge information and the reclamation information to obtain the physical and mechanical parameters of the coal rock mass in the mining subsidence area corresponding to the target spoil dump; A surface settlement model corresponding to the target dump is constructed based on the physical and mechanical parameters of the coal and rock mass in the goaf subsidence area, and the surface settlement data of the target dump is predicted by the surface settlement model.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The method of constructing a surface settlement model corresponding to the target dump based on the physical and mechanical parameters of the coal and rock mass in the goaf subsidence area, and predicting the surface settlement data of the target dump by using the surface settlement model, includes: Based on the physical and mechanical parameters of the coal and rock mass in the goaf subsidence area, determining the structural evolution trend and dynamic deformation trend corresponding to the target dump; Analyzing the deformation characteristics of the target dump according to the structural evolution trend and the dynamic deformation trend; A surface settlement model corresponding to the target spoil dump is constructed based on the deformation characteristics, and the surface settlement data of the target spoil dump is predicted by using the surface settlement model.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The method further comprises: constructing a surface settlement model and an ecological greening evaluation model corresponding to the target dump according to the mining information, the emission information and the reclamation information, and predicting the surface settlement data of the target dump by using the surface settlement model, and predicting the ecological greening data corresponding to the target dump by using the ecological greening evaluation model. Determining a plurality of evaluation indicators reflecting predetermined ecological greening requirements based on the mining information, the emission information and the reclamation information; An ecological greening evaluation model corresponding to the target spoil dump is constructed based on the multiple evaluation indicators, and ecological greening data corresponding to the target spoil dump is predicted using the ecological greening evaluation model.

9. A monitoring device for a spoil dump, characterized in that: include: An acquisition module is configured to acquire land data, climate data and resource data of a target dump site; An establishment module is configured to establish a mining and drainage model corresponding to the target dump based on the land data, the climate data and the resource data, and to construct a reclamation model corresponding to the target dump based on the mining information and emission information obtained from the mining and drainage model, and to generate reclamation information corresponding to the target dump through the reclamation model; A prediction module is configured to construct a surface settlement model and an ecological greening evaluation model corresponding to the target dump according to the mining information, the emission information and the reclamation information, and to predict the surface settlement data of the target dump through the surface settlement model, and to predict the ecological greening data corresponding to the target dump through the ecological greening evaluation model; The monitoring module is configured to monitor the spoil dump based on the surface subsidence data and the ecological greening data.

10. An electronic device comprising a storage medium, a processor, and a computer program stored in the storage medium and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is implemented.

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