Temporal bone model experiment device combined with alarm system

Abstract

The invention discloses a temporal bone model experiment device combined with an alarm system, which comprises a temporal bone main body, the temporal bone main body is provided with an operation area and a function area, and the operation area is provided with a cortical bone layer, a cancellous bone layer, internal jugular veins, internal jugular arteries, facial nerves, semicircular canals and auditory bones. The internal jugular vein, the internal jugular artery, the facial nerve, the semicircular canal and the ossicular are embedded in the cancellous bone layer, and the internal jugular vein, the internal jugular artery and the facial nerve are all soft tubes filled with liquid. According to the invention, the hydraulic sensing principle is utilized to simulate the touch sense of real vascular nerves in an operation, and when the bone grinding device is used for operation, if the bone grinding device touches facial nerves, internal jugular veins or internal jugular arteries, the bone grinding device has an alarm function; if the bone grinder grinds and penetrates the skull or touches the meninx, the alarm function can also be achieved, and corresponding alarm prompting effects are achieved through different alarm mechanisms.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of temporal bone model test equipment, in particular to a temporal bone model test device combined with an alarm system. Background Art

[0002] The temporal bone is one of the most delicate and complex bone structures in the human skeleton. It is located between the parietal bone, occipital bone and sphenoid bone. It is small in size and extremely irregular in shape. It contains auditory receptors and position receptors. The facial nerve, vestibular nerve, cochlear nerve and internal carotid artery pass through it. The internal structure and adjacent relationships are complex. It is also an important part of the middle and posterior skull bases. Temporal bone surgery has a narrow operating space under a microscope. If the operation is not done carefully, it may lead to serious complications such as deafness, massive bleeding, cerebrospinal fluid leakage, nerve damage, etc., which will affect the patient's quality of life and even endanger his life.

[0003] Temporal bone specimen dissection training is an important way to help otologists and neurologists quickly master the anatomical knowledge of the temporal bone. However, due to the low autopsy rate in China, the shortage of cadaver specimens and the lack of anatomical laboratories, many physicians rarely receive cadaver dissection training. In recent years, otologists can also strengthen their three-dimensional awareness of the anatomical structure of the temporal bone through CT and tissue slices from different angles, computer-reconstructed three-dimensional images, and CT-reconstructed stereoscopic views. However, only by combining profound theoretical knowledge with solid operational skills can the success rate of surgery be maximized.

[0004] 3D printing technology is a new manufacturing technology that has emerged in recent years. This technology has many advantages, such as virtual design, precise replication, one-piece molding, no assembly required, cost saving, and labor saving. As the demand for personalized treatment in modern medicine continues to expand, the application of rapid prototyping technology (especially 3D printing technology) in the medical field is also developing rapidly, covering nanomedicine, pharmaceuticals, and even organ printing. It is currently widely used in: customization of various implants, orthopedic equipment, prostheses, hearing aids, 3D printed skin burn treatment, medical teaching molds, etc.

[0005] As early as the 1990s, Levy et al. used resin as raw material, applied selective laser sintering printing technology to the production of temporal bone models and evaluated the anatomical accuracy of the models, laying the foundation for the production of high-fidelity 3-D temporal bone models in the future. In the early 21st century, Japanese scholar Suzuki used the method of filling the cavity structure with powder to present the cavity structures such as the middle ear, mastoid, and semicircular canal. However, there were many supporting structures in the cavity, which made it difficult to identify the structure of the middle ear tympanic cavity. In the past two years, the international community has begun to use gypsum powder as raw material and use powder accumulation printing technology to produce temporal bone models. The cavity structure does not require support from a bracket, has higher anatomical accuracy, and is closer to the actual anatomical structure of the human temporal bone. To this end, we propose a temporal bone model experimental device combined with an alarm system. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a temporal bone model experimental device combined with an alarm system to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a temporal bone model experimental device combined with an alarm system, comprising a temporal bone main body, an operation area and a functional area being arranged on the temporal bone main body, a cortical bone layer, a cancellous bone layer, an internal jugular vein, an internal carotid artery, a facial nerve, a semicircular canal and an ossicle being arranged on the operation area, the internal jugular vein, the internal carotid artery, the facial nerve, the semicircular canal and the ossicle being embedded in the cancellous bone layer, the internal jugular vein, the internal carotid artery and the facial nerve being soft tubes filled with liquid, and the ends of the soft tubes being correspondingly connected to a hydraulic sensor group, the hydraulic sensor group being connected to a central processing unit, and the central processing unit being connected to the alarm device via a communication data line.

[0008] Preferably, a meningeal layer is provided between the temporal bone body and the skull body, and a conductive material layer is attached to the meningeal layer.

[0009] Preferably, the cancellous bone layer is arranged on the cortical bone layer, and a plurality of through holes are arranged on the cancellous bone layer.

[0010] Preferably, the hydraulic sensor group includes a vein sensor, a facial nerve sensor and an artery sensor.

[0011] Preferably, the alarm device includes an acoustic alarm, a light alarm and an audible and visual alarm.

[0012] Preferably, the central processing unit is connected to the power supply via a wire.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the temporal bone model experimental device combined with the alarm system has a simple and reasonable structural design, the internal carotid artery model is a 3D printed soft tubular structure, which is closed and connected to a liquid pressure sensor, and when the grinding drill hits the artery and vein, the artery and vein walls are compressed, causing internal liquid pressure changes, and the pressure sensor signal is transmitted to the central processor, and the hydraulic sensing principle is used to simulate the touch of real blood vessels and nerves during surgery. When the bone grinder is used for operation, if the bone grinder hits the facial nerve, internal jugular vein or internal carotid artery, an alarm function will be activated; if the bone grinder grinds through the skull or hits the meninges, an alarm function will also be activated, and corresponding alarm prompt effects are achieved through different alarm mechanisms. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 The structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 The structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structural principle block diagram of the present invention.

[0015] In the figure: 1, temporal bone body 11, meningeal layer 12, skull body 13, operation area 14, functional area 15, cortical bone layer 16, cancellous bone layer 17, through hole 18, internal jugular vein 19, internal carotid artery 2, facial nerve 21, vein sensor 22, facial nerve sensor 23, artery sensor 24, alarm device 25, semicircular canals 26, auditory ossicles. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0017] See also Figure 1-3 The present invention provides a technical solution: a temporal bone model experimental device combined with an alarm system, comprising a temporal bone body 1, an operating area 13 and a functional area 14 are arranged on the temporal bone body 1, a cortical bone layer 15, a cancellous bone layer 16, an internal jugular vein 18, an internal carotid artery 19, a facial nerve 2, a semicircular canal 25 and an ossicle 26 are arranged on the operating area 13, the internal jugular vein 18, the internal carotid artery 19, the facial nerve 2, the semicircular canal 25 and the ossicle 26 are embedded in the cancellous bone layer 16, the internal jugular vein 18, the internal carotid artery 19 and the facial nerve 2 are all soft tubes with liquid perfused inside, and the ends of the soft tubes are correspondingly connected to a hydraulic sensor group, the hydraulic sensor group is connected to a central processing unit 2, and the central processing unit is connected to the alarm device 24 through a communication data line.

[0018] A 64-row spiral CT scan was performed with a 1mm slice thickness, a 0.5mm reconstruction slice thickness, and a 0.1mm slice spacing. The original CT images (DICOM format) were imported into the 3D Slicer software, and the regions of interest were segmented and three-dimensionally reconstructed, including the internal carotid artery; internal jugular vein; facial nerve; ossicles; semicircular canals; The internal jugular vein and internal carotid artery models are 3D printed soft tubular structures, which are closed. Connect the liquid pressure receptors. When the drill hits the artery and vein, it compresses the artery and vein walls, causing changes in the internal liquid pressure. The pressure receptor signal is transmitted, and the facial nerve structure is a soft hose, which is closed and penetrates deep into the temporal bone. Connect the pressure receptors.

[0019] Furthermore, the cancellous bone layer 16 is disposed on the cortical bone layer 15 , and a plurality of through holes 17 are disposed on the cancellous bone layer 16 .

[0020] Furthermore, the hydraulic pressure sensor group includes a vein sensor 21 , a facial nerve sensor 22 and an artery sensor 23 .

[0021] Furthermore, the alarm device 24 includes an acoustic alarm, a light alarm and an acoustic and optical alarm.

[0022] Furthermore, the central processing unit is connected to a power source via a wire.

[0023] The temporal bone model experimental device combined with the alarm system, the internal carotid artery model is a 3D printed soft tubular structure, closed. Connect the liquid pressure sensor, when the grinding drill hits the artery and vein, it presses the artery and vein wall, causing the internal liquid pressure to change, and the pressure sensor signal is transmitted to the central processor. The hydraulic sensing principle is used to simulate the touch of real blood vessels and nerves during the operation. When the bone grinder is used for operation, if the bone grinder hits the facial nerve 2, the internal jugular vein 18 or the internal carotid artery 19, there will be an alarm function; Example

[0024] See also Figure 2 The present invention provides a technical solution: a temporal bone model experimental device combined with an alarm system, which is further provided with a skull structure on the basis of embodiment 1, wherein a meningeal layer 11 is provided between the temporal bone body 1 and the skull body 12, and a conductive material layer is attached to the meningeal layer 11. If the bone grinder wears through the skull or touches the meningeal layer 11, an alarm function will also be provided to effectively prompt the user.

[0025] The improvements of the temporal bone model experimental device combined with the alarm system are as follows: The hydraulic sensing principle is used to simulate the touch of real blood vessels and nerves during surgery.

[0026] 3D scanning of the temporal bone with an accuracy of 0.1 mm provides higher precision and more accurate anatomical structure.

[0027] The excellent effects of this temporal bone model experimental device combined with an alarm system are: 1. The increase in some neurosurgery and ear surgeries and the lack of cadaver specimens have enabled this invention to fill a market gap; 2. The existing temporal bone models in China lack simulation. The present invention produces a temporal bone model with higher simulation and more realistic drilling and grinding feel; 3. Simulate real bone and simulate the real feel of temporal bone approach surgery, so that doctors can master the use of tools more quickly; 4. Simulate real human anatomical structure, real surgical scene, and simulate surgical process; 5. Simulate real clinical scenarios: perform surgical operations under neurological monitoring and simulate neuroelectrophysiological monitoring mode; 6. Added vascular monitoring mode; 7. Alternative products in case of insufficient carcasses; 8. Shorten the learning curve of doctors and increase their clinical skills; 9. Based on the temporal bone CT images, a simulated temporal bone model is made using three-dimensional reconstruction and 3D printing technology. The casting is fast and accurate, and can be used for model teaching, preoperative planning, surgical simulation, etc. It has broad application value in cultivating young doctors' surgical skills and providing preoperative prediction and intraoperative assistance to surgeons.

[0028] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A temporal bone model experimental device combined with an alarm system, comprising a temporal bone body (1), characterized in that: The temporal bone body (1) is provided with an operation area (13) and a functional area (14); the operation area (13) is provided with a cortical bone layer (15), a cancellous bone layer (16), an internal jugular vein (18), an internal carotid artery (19), a facial nerve (2), a semicircular canal (25) and an ossicle (26); the internal jugular vein (18), the internal carotid artery (19), the facial nerve (2), the semicircular canal (25) and the ossicle (26) are embedded in the cancellous bone layer (16); the internal jugular vein (18), the internal carotid artery (19) and the facial nerve (2) are all soft tubes filled with liquid, and the ends of the soft tubes are correspondingly connected to a hydraulic sensor group, the hydraulic sensor group is connected to a central processing unit (2), and the central processing unit is connected to an alarm device (24) via a communication data line.

2. The temporal bone model experimental device combined with an alarm system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A meningeal layer (11) is provided between the temporal bone main body (1) and the skull main body (12), and a conductive material layer is attached to the meningeal layer (11).

3. The temporal bone model experimental device combined with an alarm system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cancellous bone layer (16) is arranged on the cortical bone layer (15), and a plurality of through holes (17) are arranged on the cancellous bone layer (16).

4. The temporal bone model experimental device combined with an alarm system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic pressure sensor group comprises a vein sensor (21), a facial nerve sensor (22) and an artery sensor (23).

5. The temporal bone model experimental device combined with an alarm system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alarm device (24) comprises a sound alarm, a light alarm and a sound and light alarm.

6. The temporal bone model experimental device combined with an alarm system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central processing unit is connected to the power supply through a wire.

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