A communication device, a base station and a communication system

Abstract

The application provides a communication device, a base station and a communication system. The communication device comprises a power divider, a coupler group and a multiplexer connected in sequence. The power divider is connected with the coupler group through at least two first lines. The power divider can divide light into at least two light beams. Each light beam is transmitted to the coupler group through a first line. Transmission of any two light beams in the corresponding first line has a phase difference and a time difference. The coupler group couples and interferes the received at least two light beams, and outputs at least two coupled light beams. Each coupled light beam enters the multiplexer through a second line. Transmission of any two coupled light beams in the corresponding second line has a time difference. The multiplexer can orthogonally combine the received coupled light beams. The communication device can perform dispersion compensation on the light to suppress pulse broadening, thereby reducing the bit error rate of optical signal transmission and reducing the power loss of the optical signal.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication device, a base station and a communication system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Optical fiber communications has become one of the main pillars of modern communications and plays an important role in modern telecommunications networks.

[0003] One advantage of optical fiber communications is that dozens of wavelengths of light can be transmitted simultaneously in one optical fiber. Since different wavelengths of light have different transmission speeds in the same optical fiber, they will produce dispersion. Dispersion can cause pulse broadening, which can cause light pulses to overlap and form inter-symbol interference, thereby causing bit errors. In the current wireless front-haul scenario, the transmission distance of light is long, which causes the transmission of optical signals to be more affected by dispersion, thereby causing more serious power fading of optical signals. Therefore, how to compensate for the dispersion of light has become a difficult problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a communication device, a base station and a communication system to compensate for the dispersion of light to suppress pulse broadening of light, thereby reducing the power loss of optical signal transmission.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a communication device, which can include a power divider, a coupler group and a multiplexer connected in sequence. The power divider and the coupler group are connected by at least two first lines, and the coupler group and the multiplexer are connected by at least two second lines. The power divider can be used to divide the light into at least two light beams, and the at least two light beams can enter the at least two first lines one by one. Each light beam can be transmitted from the power divider to the coupler group along the corresponding first line, and the transmission of any two light beams in the corresponding first line has a phase difference and a time difference. The coupler group can be used to couple and interfere the received at least two light beams, and output at least two coupled light beams. The at least two coupled light beams can enter the at least two second lines one by one, and each coupled light beam can be transmitted from the coupler group to the multiplexer along the corresponding second line, and the transmission of any two coupled light beams in the corresponding second line has a time difference. The multiplexer can be used to orthogonally combine the at least two coupled light beams. The communication device provided by the present application can effectively compensate for the dispersion of light, thereby suppressing pulse broadening, reducing the bit error rate of optical signals, and reducing the power loss of optical signal transmission.

[0006] In a possible implementation of the present application, the power divider and the coupler group can be connected through N first lines, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. In this way, each of the at least N-1 first lines can include a phase shifter and a time delay in series, so that the transmission of any two light splitting lines in the corresponding first line after being distributed by the power divider can have a phase difference and a time difference by setting the phase shifter and the time delay in the at least N-1 first lines respectively.

[0007] In a possible implementation of the present application, the time delay in each first line can be, but is not limited to, a spiral waveguide or an optical fiber with a set length, as long as the purpose of adjusting the transmission time of the light splitting line in the first line can be achieved. In addition, the phase shifter in each first line can be, but is not limited to, a thermal phase shifter or an electrical phase shifter, as long as the purpose of adjusting the phase shift of the light splitting line in the first line can be achieved.

[0008] In a possible implementation of the present application, the multiplexer and the coupler group can be connected through M second lines, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 2. In this way, each of the at least M-1 second lines can include a time delay, so that the transmission of any two coupled light splitting lines in the corresponding second line after being coupled and interfered by the coupler group can have a time difference by setting the time delay in the at least M-1 second lines respectively.

[0009] In a possible implementation of the present application, the time delay in each second line can be, but is not limited to, a spiral waveguide or an optical fiber with a set length, as long as the purpose of adjusting the transmission time of the coupled light splitting line in the second line can be achieved.

[0010] In a possible implementation of the present application, when the coupler group is specifically set, it can include at least two couplers connected in sequence through third lines, and adjacent couplers in the at least two couplers are connected through at least two third lines. The at least two intermediate coupled light splitting lines output by the previous coupler of the adjacent couplers in the at least two couplers can enter the at least two third lines one by one, and the transmission of any two intermediate coupled light splitting lines in the corresponding third line has a phase difference and a time difference. Thus, the at least two light splitting lines entering the coupler group can be coupled and interfered by the couplers connected through the third lines in sequence, and then output at least two coupled light splitting lines to the multiplexer.

[0011] In a possible implementation of the present application, the adjacent two of the at least two couplers are connected by X third lines, where X is an integer greater than or equal to 2. Each of the at least X-1 third lines can include a phase shifter and a time delay in series, so that the phase shifter and the time delay in each of the at least X-1 third lines can be set to cause a phase difference and a time difference in the transmission of the intermediate coupling light in the corresponding third line.

[0012] In a possible implementation of the present application, the time delay in each of the third lines can be, but is not limited to, a spiral waveguide or an optical fiber with a set length, as long as the purpose of adjusting the time of the transmission of the split light in the third line can be achieved. In addition, the phase shifter in each of the third lines can be, but is not limited to, a thermal phase shifter or an electrical phase shifter, as long as the purpose of adjusting the phase shift of the transmission of the split light in the third line can be achieved.

[0013] In a possible implementation of the present application, the multiplexer can be, but is not limited to, a mode multiplexer or a polarization multiplexer, as long as the function of orthogonally combining the at least two coupling split lights with the time difference can be achieved.

[0014] In a possible implementation of the present application, the coupler can be, but is not limited to, a multimode coupler or a directional coupler, as long as the function of coupling interference of the at least two split lights with the phase difference and the time difference can be achieved.

[0015] In a possible implementation of the present application, the communication device can further include a detector configured to receive the light combined orthogonally by the multiplexer and restore the signal modulated on the light. In this way, the communication device can be configured to perform dispersion compensation on the light entering the communication device, reduce the bit error rate of the optical signal, and reduce the power loss of the optical signal transmission.

[0016] In addition, the communication device further includes an optical transmitter port power divider configured to divide the light modulated by the communication device into at least two split lights, and an optical transmitter configured to transmit the light combined orthogonally by the multiplexer to the outside of the communication device. In this way, the communication device provided by the present application can also be configured to perform dispersion compensation on the light transmitted thereby, to reduce the bit error rate of the optical signal and reduce the power loss of the optical signal transmission.

[0017] In a possible implementation of the present application, the power divider and the coupler group, and the coupler group and the multiplexer can be directly connected or indirectly connected, which is not limited in the present application. For example, the power divider and the coupler group can be directly connected through at least two first lines, and the coupler group and the multiplexer can be directly connected through at least two third lines. In addition, the communication device can further include at least one optical line transmission system, each optical line transmission system including at least one optical transmission line, and the at least one optical line transmission system can be connected in series between the power divider and the coupler group to achieve indirect connection of the power divider and the coupler group. Alternatively, the at least one optical line transmission system can be connected in series between the coupler group and the multiplexer to achieve indirect connection of the coupler group and the multiplexer.

[0018] In addition, when the communication device includes at least two optical line transmission systems, the at least one optical line transmission system can be connected in series between the power divider and the coupler group, and the at least one optical line transmission system can be connected in series between the coupler group and the multiplexer to achieve indirect connection of the power divider and the coupler group, and indirect connection of the coupler group and the multiplexer.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a base station, which includes a baseband unit, a radio remote unit, and a communication device as described in the first aspect, wherein the baseband unit and the radio remote unit are connected through the communication device. In this way, the communication device can perform dispersion compensation on the optical line transmitted between the baseband unit and the radio remote unit to suppress pulse spreading, reduce bit error rate, and reduce power loss of optical signal transmission.

[0020] In addition, the base station can further include an active antenna processing unit, and the baseband unit and the active antenna processing unit are connected through the communication device. In this way, the communication device can perform dispersion compensation on the optical line transmitted between the baseband unit and the active antenna processing unit to suppress pulse spreading, reduce bit error rate, and reduce power loss of optical signal transmission.

[0021] In a third aspect, the present application further provides a communication system, which includes the base station of the second aspect and can be used in communication connection with a terminal device. The communication system has a lower bit error rate and retransmission probability of communication signals between the base station and the terminal device, and the time delay of signal transmission can be effectively reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A system architecture schematic diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 A structure schematic diagram of a base station provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 3A structural schematic diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of a time delay device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 5a A dispersion amplitude-frequency response curve of light entering a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 5b A dispersion time-domain impulse response curve of light entering a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 6a And Figure 6b A time-domain impulse response curve corresponding to two coupled light beams provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 7a A dispersion amplitude-frequency response curve of light after dispersion compensation by a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 7b A dispersion time-domain impulse response curve of light after dispersion compensation by a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 8 A link simulation schematic diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 9 Another link simulation schematic diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 10 Another structural schematic diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 11 Another structural schematic diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 12 Another structural schematic diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 13 A structural schematic diagram of a coupler group provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 14 A structural schematic diagram of an optical module provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Reference signs:

[0039] 01 - Antenna system; 02 - RRU; 03 - BBU; 04 - AAU; 05 - Optical transmission cable; 06 - Communication device;

[0040] 1 - Power divider; 2 - Coupler group; 201, 201a, 201b - Coupler; 3 - Multiplexer; 4, 4a, 4b - First line;

[0041] 401 - Phase shifter; 402 - Time delay; 5, 5a, 5b - Second line; 501 - Time delay; 6 - Third line; 601 - Phase shifter;

[0042] 602 - Time delay; 7 - Optical transmission system; 8 - Housing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the following will further describe the present application with reference to the drawings. However, the example embodiments can be implemented in various forms, and should not be understood as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. The same reference signs in the drawings represent the same or similar structures, and thus repeated description thereof will be omitted. The expressions of position and direction described in the embodiments of the present application are described with reference to the drawings, but can be changed as needed, and the changes made are included in the scope of protection of the present application. The drawings of the embodiments of the present application are only used to illustrate the relative positional relationship, and do not represent the true proportions.

[0044] It should be noted that specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide an understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in a variety of ways other than those described herein, and a person skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without departing from the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0045] In order to facilitate the understanding of the communication device provided by the present application, the application scenario thereof will be introduced first.

[0046] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 1 A system architecture diagram of a communication system provided by the present application is shown. In Figure 1 The system architecture shown in the figure, the communication system can include a wireless network device, the wireless network device example can be a base station. The base station can be used to communicate with the terminal device to realize the wireless communication between the base station and the terminal device. Among them, the terminal device example can be a smart phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA) computer, a notebook computer, a tablet computer or a wearable device, etc.

[0047] With the development of 5G wireless communication technology, the base station architecture evolves from a distributed radio access network (DRAN) to a centralized radio access network (CRAN). Referring to Figure 2 , Figure 2 A structural diagram of a base station provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. Taking the case where the base station is applied to a CRAN scenario, the base station can include an antenna system 01, a remote radio unit (RRU 02), and a base-band unit (BBU 03). The antenna system 01 can be used to radiate electrical signals outward or receive electrical signals from the outside. The RRU 02 can be used to perform frequency selection, amplification, and down-conversion processing on the electrical signals received by the antenna system 01, and convert them into intermediate frequency signals or base-band signals to send to the BBU 03. Alternatively, the RRU 02 can be used to perform up-conversion and amplification processing on the base-band signals or intermediate frequency signals, and then convert them into electromagnetic waves through the antenna system 01 to send out.

[0048] In a possible base station design, the RRU 02 can also be used in cooperation with an antenna unit in the antenna system 01 to form an active antenna unit (AAU 04), so as to realize spatial beamforming and complete the transmission and reception of radio frequency signals.

[0049] In the base station shown in Figure 2 , the RRU 02 and the antenna system 01 can be integrated into the AAU 04, and the BBU 03 is arranged at a remote end. In some other possible embodiments, the RRU 02 and the BBU 03 can both be arranged at the remote end of the antenna system 01. Regardless of which setting form is adopted, the RRU 02 and the BBU 03 and the AAU 04 and the BBU 03 can be connected through an optical fiber or a waveguide, etc. optical transmission wire 05, so as to realize the optical signal interconnection between the RRU 02 and the BBU 03 and between the AAU 04 and the BBU 03.

[0050] At present, in the CRAN scenario, the optical transmission distance between the RRU 02 and the BBU 03 and between the BBU 03 and the AAU 04 can reach 10 km. In the process of long-distance transmission of high-speed light, the influence of dispersion is more serious, which leads to pulse broadening. Pulse broadening can cause distortion of optical signals, thereby causing serious power fading of optical signals.

[0051] In view of this, the communication device provided in this application embodiment splits light into at least two beams using a power divider. Any two beams have a phase difference and a time difference when transmitted from the power divider to the coupler group. The coupler group is used to couple and interfere with the multiple beams and output at least two coupled beams. Any two coupled beams have a time difference when transmitted from the coupler group to the multiplexer. Finally, the at least two coupled beams are orthogonally combined by the multiplexer. When applied to a base station, this communication device can be used to compensate for the dispersion of light transmitted in the base station, thereby suppressing pulse broadening and reducing power loss of the optical signal. The communication device provided in this application embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0052] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a simplified structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. In this embodiment, the communication device may include a power divider 1, a coupler group 2, and a multiplexer 3, which are sequentially connected to form a linearly connected optical domain equalization system. Light rays can enter this optical domain equalization system through the power divider 1, which can be used to distribute the light rays into at least two split-beam paths.

[0053] In this application, the specific power ratio by which the power divider 1 distributes light is not limited; it can be designed specifically according to the application scenario. For example, in... Figure 3 In the communication device shown, the power divider 1 can be used to divide light into two split beams. When dividing light, the power divider 1 can divide the light into two split beams of equal power in a 1:1 ratio.

[0054] You can continue to refer to Figure 3 The power divider 1 and the coupler group 2 are connected by two first lines 4, and the two first lines 4 are arranged in parallel. Then, the two split beams obtained by the power divider 1 can enter the two first lines 4 one by one.

[0055] In the communication device provided in this application embodiment, during the transmission of each split-beam in the corresponding first line 4, there is a phase difference and a time difference in the transmission of any two split-beams in the corresponding first line 4. In specific implementation, it is still based on... Figure 3For example, the structure of the communication device shown in the figure is taken as an example, when the power distributor 1 is connected with the coupler group 2 through two first lines 4, for the convenience of description, the two first lines 4 can be defined as a first line 4a and a first line 4b respectively. In this way, the first line 4a can include a phase shifter 401 and a time delay device 402 connected in series, and the first line 4b can not be provided with the phase shifter 401 and the time delay device 402, so that the phase shift and the time delay of the two light splitting lines transmitted in the corresponding first line 4 can be adjusted by adjusting the phase shifter 401 and the time delay device 402 in the first line 4a. In this way, the structure of the communication device can be effectively simplified, so as to reduce the cost of the communication device.

[0056] In some possible embodiments of the present application, the phase shifter and the time delay device can also be arranged in each first line 4, so that the phase shift and the time delay of each light splitting line transmitted in the corresponding first line 4 can be adjusted by adjusting the phase shifter and the time delay device in each first line 4 respectively. In this way, the flexibility of adjusting the phase shift and the time delay of each light splitting line transmitted in the corresponding first line 4 can be effectively improved, so as to realize the flexible adjustment of the phase difference and the time difference of any two light splitting lines transmitted in the corresponding first line 4.

[0057] In the embodiments of the present application, the specific type of the phase shifter 401 arranged in the first line 4a is not limited, which can be a thermal phase shifter or an electric phase shifter, etc. In addition, the time delay device 402 arranged in the first line 4a can be, for example, Figure 4 The spiral waveguide shown in the figure, or it can also be a section of optical fiber, as long as it can increase the transmission time of the light from the power distributor 1 to the coupler group 2.

[0058] Continuing to refer to Figure 3 The two light splitting lines distributed by the power distributor 1 are transmitted to the coupler group 2 through the corresponding first lines 4 respectively. The coupler group 2 can be used for interference coupling of the two light splitting lines, and output two coupled light splitting lines. In addition, in the communication device shown in the figure, Figure 3 In the communication device shown in the figure, the coupler group 2 is connected with the multiplexer 3 through two second lines 5, so that the two coupled light splitting lines described above can enter the two second lines 5 one by one.

[0059] In the communication device provided by the embodiments of the present application, there is a time difference in the transmission of any two coupled light splitting lines in the corresponding second line 5. In the implementation, for the convenience of description, the two second lines 5 can be defined as a second line 5a and a second line 5b respectively. Then, as Figure 3As shown, the second line 5a includes a time delay device 501, and the second line 5b is not provided with the time delay device 501, so that the time delay of the two coupled light beams transmitted in the corresponding second line 5 can be adjusted by adjusting the time delay device 501 in the second line 5a. In this way, the structure of the communication device can be effectively simplified, and the cost of the communication device can be reduced.

[0060] It is worth mentioning that in some other possible embodiments of the present application, the time delay device can also be arranged in each second line 5, so that the time delay of the light beams transmitted in the corresponding second line 5 can be adjusted by adjusting the time delay device in each second line 5, which can effectively improve the flexibility of adjusting the time delay of the light beams transmitted in the corresponding second line 5, thereby realizing the flexible adjustment of the time difference of the light beams transmitted in the corresponding second line 5.

[0061] In the embodiments of the present application, the specific type of the phase shifter 501 arranged in the second line 5a is not limited, which can be a thermal phase shifter or an electric phase shifter, etc. In addition, the time delay device 501 arranged in the second line 5a can also be a spiral waveguide as shown, or can be a segment of optical fiber, as long as it can increase the transmission time of the light beams from the coupler group 2 to the multiplexer 3. In addition, the multiplexer 3 can be but not limited to a mode multiplexer or a polarization multiplexer, etc., as long as it can orthogonally combine the multiple light beams. Figure 4

[0062] After understanding the design principle of the communication device provided by the present application, the dispersion compensation effect of the light beams by the communication device provided by the present application is analyzed.

[0063] Since the above-mentioned optical domain equalization system is a linear system, it can be arranged at the light receiving port of the communication device, or can be arranged at the light emitting port of the communication device. Taking the case that the optical domain equalization system is arranged at the light receiving port of the communication device as an example, the light receiving port of the communication device can also be provided with a light detector, which can be used to restore the signal modulated on the light beam.

[0064] It can be understood that in the present application, the dispersion compensation effect of the light beams by the communication device provided by the present application can be illustrated by comparing the dispersion of the incident light before entering the optical domain equalization system and the dispersion of the light after passing through the optical domain equalization system.

[0065] Firstly, the incident light before entering the optical domain equalization system, that is, the light corresponding to the 1-1 node in the above-mentioned optical domain equalization system, after square law detection by the light detector, the amplitude-frequency response of the signals of different frequencies can be expressed as: Figure 3 ​​

[0066]

[0067] where ω is the frequency of the different frequency signals, λ is the wavelength of the incident light, D is the dispersion coefficient, and L is the transmission distance.

[0068] Taking the wavelength λ of the incident light as 1371 nm, the dispersion coefficient D as 7 ps / nm / km, and the transmission distance L as 15 km as examples, the dispersion amplitude-frequency response curve of the incident light is calculated as shown in FIG. 2, and the dispersion time-domain impulse response curve of the incident light is shown in FIG. 3. Figure 5a Figure 5a It can be seen from FIG. 2 that the attenuation amplitude of the dispersion amplitude-frequency response of the incident light is the largest at 27 GHz. In addition, it can be seen from FIG. 3 that the pulse broadening caused by the dispersion of the incident light is wide. Figure 5b Figure 5b Figure 5b

[0069] After the incident light enters the optical domain equalization system from the power divider 1, the incident light can be divided into two light rays by the power divider 1, and the two light rays enter the coupler group 2 after entering the first line 4a and the first line 4b one by one. Then, one of the two light rays divided by the power divider 1 passes through the first line 4a with a phase shift φ = 0 and a time delay τ1 = 10 ps, and the other of the two light rays passes through the first line 4b with a phase shift and a time delay of zero. Then, the phase difference of the two light rays in the corresponding first line 4 is φ, and the time difference is τ1.

[0070] In addition, the two light rays pass through the coupler group 2 to interfere and couple, and then output two coupled light rays, that is, the light rays corresponding to the node 2-2 in FIG. 1. Figure 3 The amplitude-frequency responses of the two coupled light rays can be respectively expressed as:

[0071]

[0072] The time-domain impulse responses of the two coupled light rays can be calculated by respectively bringing the values of the corresponding parameters into the above formula. Figure 6a Figure 6b The time-domain impulse response curves of the two coupled light rays are respectively shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5. Figure 6a The time-domain impulse response curve of the coupled light ray entering the second line 5a is shown in FIG. 4. Figure 6b The time-domain impulse response curve of the coupled light ray entering the second line 5b is shown in FIG. 5. Figure 6a It can be seen from the comparison that the time point at which the peak value of the time-domain impulse response curve shown in FIG. 5 appears is later than the time point at which the peak value of the time-domain impulse response curve shown in FIG. 4 appears. Figure 6b ​​​​​The time point at which the peak of the time-domain impulse response curve appears, then there is a time difference τ2 in the transmission of the two coupled splitting light at the 2-2 node. Based on this, the time delay of the time delay device 501 in the second line 5b can be set as τ2, and the time delay of the second line 5a is zero. Then the two coupled splitting light respectively passes through the second line 5a and the second line 5b, enters the multiplexer 3, and after the orthogonal beam combination of the multiplexer 3, the signal obtained is Figure 3 The amplitude-frequency response of the signal corresponding to the 3-3 node in the middle 3 can be represented as:

[0073] I(t)| ω =I1(t)| ω +I2(t-τ2)| ω

[0074] Taking τ2=16ps as an example, the dispersion amplitude-frequency response curve of the light after passing through the optical domain equalization system is as shown in Figure 7a , it can be seen that the dispersion amplitude-frequency response of the light after passing through the optical domain equalization system has the largest attenuation amplitude at 40GHz. In addition, it can be seen from Figure 7a , Figure 7b Figure 7b is the dispersion time-domain impulse response curve of the light after passing through the optical domain equalization system. By comparing Figure 5b and Figure 7b , it can be seen that after the incident light passes through the optical domain equalization system, the pulse broadening caused by dispersion is effectively suppressed.

[0075] From the above analysis, it can be seen that the communication device provided by the embodiment of the application can perform dispersion compensation on the incident light through the optical domain equalization system arranged at the light receiving port before the incident light enters the optical detector, thereby suppressing the pulse broadening, which is beneficial to reduce the power loss of optical signal transmission and reduce the bit error rate of optical signal, so as to improve the receiving sensitivity of the communication device to the optical signal.

[0076] ​The communication device provided in this application embodiment has an optical domain equalization system installed at the optical receiving port of the communication device, which can be used to effectively compensate for the dispersion of incident light entering the communication device. When the optical domain equalization system is installed at the optical transmitting port of the communication device, it can compensate for the dispersion of light emitted from the optical transmitting port to the outside of the communication device. In specific implementation, the light modulated by the communication device can enter the optical domain equalization system through the power divider 1. The power divider 1 can be used to distribute the light modulated by the communication device into at least two split beams according to a set power ratio. These at least two split beams enter the coupler group 2 through the corresponding first line 4 and are then divided into at least two coupled split beams. These at least two coupled split beams enter the multiplexer 3 through the corresponding second line 5. The optical transmitting port can then be used to emit the light, after orthogonal beam combining by the multiplexer 3, to the outside of the communication device. It can be understood that the light emitted from the optical transmitting port can be transmitted to other optical communication units through optical signal transmission wires to realize optical signal interconnection between optical communication units.

[0077] To compare the dispersion compensation effects of the optical domain equalization system on incident and emitted light when it is set at the optical receiving and transmitting ports of a communication device, refer to... Figure 8 and Figure 9 .in, Figure 8 In Figure 'a', the light level diagram of the light entering the communication device from the light receiving port is shown when the light receiving end of the communication device is not equipped with a light domain equalization system. Figure 8 In diagram b, when the optical receiver of a communication device is equipped with an optical domain equalization system, the level diagram of the light entering the communication device after passing through the optical domain equalization system from the optical receiver port is shown. This is compared with... Figure 8 a and Figure 8 As can be seen from b, after the incident light passes through the optical domain equalization system, its bit error rate (BER) decreases by an order of magnitude from 10. -2 Become 10 -5 This indicates that the dispersion of the incident light is effectively compensated after passing through the optical domain equalization system, thereby suppressing the signal damage (increased bit error rate) caused by dispersion.

[0078] in addition, Figure 8 c is Figure 8 a and Figure 8 The graph compares the amplitude-frequency response curves of light under the two conditions corresponding to b, where curve c1 is... Figure 8 The amplitude-frequency response curves of light ray a show that curve c1 indicates the greatest attenuation of the dispersion amplitude-frequency response around 27 GHz; curve c2 is... Figure 8The amplitude-frequency response curve of light in section b is shown in curve c2, where the attenuation of the dispersion amplitude-frequency response is greatest around 40 GHz. This indicates that after the incident light passes through the optical domain equalization system, the point where the attenuation of the dispersion amplitude-frequency response is greatest is compensated from 27 GHz to 40 GHz, thus effectively compensating for its dispersion.

[0079] Figure 9 In Figure 'a', the light level diagram of the light after modulation by the communication equipment is shown when the light emitting end of the communication equipment is not equipped with an optical domain equalization system. Figure 9 Figure b shows the level diagram of the light beam after it has been modulated by the communication equipment and orthogonally combined by the multiplexer when the light transmitter of the communication equipment is equipped with an optical domain equalization system. This is compared with... Figure 9 a and Figure 9 As can be seen from b, after the light modulated by the communication equipment passes through the optical domain equalization system, its BER (bit difference) increases from the order of 10. -2 Become 10 -5 This indicates that the dispersion of light is effectively compensated after passing through the optical domain equalization system, thereby suppressing the signal damage (increased bit error rate) caused by dispersion.

[0080] in addition, Figure 9 c is Figure 9 a and Figure 9 The graph compares the amplitude-frequency response curves of light under the two conditions corresponding to b, where curve c3 is... Figure 9 The amplitude-frequency response curves of light ray a show that curve c3 indicates the greatest attenuation of the dispersion amplitude-frequency response around 27 GHz; curve c4 shows... Figure 9 The amplitude-frequency response curve of light in section b shows that curve c4 indicates the maximum attenuation of the dispersion amplitude-frequency response around 40GHz. This demonstrates that after the incident light passes through the optical domain equalization system, the point of maximum attenuation of the dispersion amplitude-frequency response changes from 27GHz to 40GHz, indicating that its dispersion is effectively compensated.

[0081] In summary, it can be understood that regardless of whether the optical domain equalization system is set at the light input port or the light output port of the communication device, it can achieve the purpose of compensating for light dispersion, thereby suppressing pulse broadening and reducing the bit error rate. Furthermore, since the structural design of the communication device used to implement dispersion compensation provided in this application embodiment is relatively simple, and the cost of each device used to implement dispersion compensation is low, it helps to reduce the cost of the communication device.

[0082] Based on the above introduction to the design principle of the communication device for light dispersion compensation provided in this application, the communication device can also be specifically designed according to specific application scenarios. For example, refer to... Figure 10 , Figure 10Another structure schematic diagram of the communication device provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 3. In the communication device, the power divider 1 can distribute the light into at least two light distribution lines according to the power distribution ratio set by the use requirement of the specific scene, and then the power divider 1 and the coupler group 2 can be connected through at least two first lines 4 so that the at least two light distribution lines can enter the at least two first lines 4 one by one.

[0083] It can be understood that, in order to make the transmission of any two light distribution lines in the corresponding first line 4 exist phase difference and time difference, the phase shifter and the time delay device can be arranged in part or all of the first lines 4. In a possible embodiment, the power divider 1 and the coupler group 2 can be connected through N first lines 4, the power divider 1 can distribute the light into N light distribution lines according to the power distribution ratio set by the use requirement of the specific scene, and then the N light distribution lines can enter the N first lines 4 one by one, wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. Based on this, each of the at least N-1 first lines 4 can include a phase shifter and a time delay device connected in series, that is, among the at least two first lines 4 connected between the power divider 1 and the coupler group 2, one first line 4 can not be provided with a phase shifter and a time delay device. In this way, the phase shift and the time delay of the transmission of any two light distribution lines in the corresponding first line 4 can be adjusted by adjusting the phase shifter and the time delay device in the at least N-1 first lines 4.

[0084] Continuing to refer to Figure 10 , the coupler group 2 and the multiplexer 3 can be connected through at least two second lines 5, and then the coupler group 2 can output at least two coupled light distribution lines after coupling and interference of the at least two light distribution lines, and the at least two coupled light distribution lines can enter the at least two second lines 5 one by one.

[0085] In order to make the transmission of any two coupled light distribution lines in the corresponding second line 5 exist time difference, the time delay device can be arranged in part or all of the second lines 5. In a possible embodiment, the multiplexer 3 and the coupler group 2 are connected through M second lines 5. The coupler group 2 can output M coupled light distribution lines after coupling and interference of the at least two light distribution lines, and then the M coupled light distribution lines can enter the M second lines 5 one by one, wherein M is an integer greater than or equal to 2. Based on this, each of the at least M-1 second lines 5 can include a time delay device, that is, among the at least two second lines 5 connected between the coupler group 2 and the multiplexer 3, one second line 5 can not be provided with a time delay device. In this way, the time delay of the transmission of any two coupled light distribution lines in the corresponding second line 5 can be adjusted by adjusting the time delay device in the at least M-1 second lines 5.

[0086] In the communication device shown in the above Figure 3 , the coupler group 2 can only include one coupler. In addition, in the communication device shown in the aboveFigure 10 In the communication device shown, the coupler group 2 can include at least two couplers 201 connected in sequence through the third lines 6, and adjacent two couplers 201 among the at least two couplers 201 are connected through at least two third lines 6, and then at least two intermediate-coupled light beams output by a previous coupler 201 among the adjacent two couplers 201 can enter the at least two third lines 6 one by one. In this way, the coupler 201 adjacent to the power divider 1 in the coupler group 2 can perform first coupling interference on the at least two light beams and output at least two intermediate-coupled light beams, and the at least two intermediate-coupled light beams can enter the at least two third lines 6 one by one, and then the at least two intermediate-coupled light beams enter the next coupler 201 to perform interference coupling and are output as at least two intermediate-coupled light beams, and so on, until the last coupler 201 outputs at least two coupled light beams, and then the at least two coupled light beams output by the last coupler 201 can enter the at least two second lines 5 one by one.

[0087] In the present application, in the two couplers 201 connected through the at least two third lines 6, any two intermediate-coupled light beams among the at least two intermediate-coupled light beams output by the previous coupler 201 have phase difference and time difference in transmission in the corresponding third line 6, and then part or all of the at least two third lines 6 connected between the two couplers 201 can be provided with phase shifters and time delay devices. In a possible embodiment, adjacent two couplers 201 among the at least two couplers 201 connected in sequence through the third lines 6 of the coupler group 2 can be connected through X third lines 6, where X is an integer greater than or equal to 2. Based on this, each of the at least X-1 third lines 6 can include a phase shifter and a time delay device, that is, among the at least two third lines 6 connected between two adjacent couplers 201, one third line 6 can not be provided with a phase shifter and a time delay device. In this way, the phase shift and time delay of the transmission of any two intermediate-coupled light beams in the corresponding third line 6 can be adjusted by adjusting the phase shifters and time delay devices in the at least X-1 third lines 6.

[0088] In the embodiments of the present application, the specific types of the phase shifters and time delay devices provided in the third lines 6 are not limited, and for example, Figure 10 the phase shifter 601 of one third line 6 shown in FIG. 6 can be a thermal phase shifter or an electric phase shifter, etc. In addition, the time delay device 602 provided in the third line 6 can also be, for example, Figure 4 a spiral waveguide shown in FIG. 6, or can also be a segment of optical fiber, as long as it can increase the transmission time of light from the previous coupler 201 to the next coupler 201. The phase shifters and time delay devices in each third line 6 can be the same or different, which are not limited in the present application.

[0089] In addition, the couplers 201 in the coupler group 2 can be, but are not limited to, multi-mode coupler interferometers or directional couplers, etc., and the types of the couplers 201 can be the same or different.

[0090] In the communication device provided in the embodiments of the present application, the number N of the first lines 4 connected between the power divider 1 and the coupler group 2, the number M of the second lines 5 connected between the coupler group 2 and the multiplexer 3, and the number X of the third lines 6 connected between any two adjacent couplers 201 in the coupler group 2 can be equal or different. For example, when N is 10, M can be 11, 10 or 8, and X can be 12, 10 or 9. In addition, when the coupler group 2 includes three or more couplers 201 connected in sequence through the third lines 6, the number of the third lines 6 between any two adjacent couplers 201 can be equal or different, which is not limited in the present application.

[0091] It is worth mentioning that, in the embodiments of the present application, the connection of the power divider 1, the coupler group 2 and the multiplexer 3 in sequence only limits the connection order of the power divider 1, the coupler group 2 and the multiplexer 3, which is used to describe the transmission direction of the light in the communication device. When the power divider 1 and the coupler group 2, and the coupler group 2 and the multiplexer 3 are connected in detail, the power divider 1 and the coupler group 2 can be directly connected or indirectly connected through at least two first lines 4, and the multiplexer 3 and the coupler group 2 can be directly connected or indirectly connected through at least two second lines 5. Specifically, for example, in the communication device shown in Figure 3 and Figure 10 in the lines connected between the power divider 1 and the coupler group 2, at least two first lines 4 can be arranged between the power divider 1 and the coupler group 2, so that the power divider 1 and the coupler group 2 are directly connected through the at least two first lines 4; or, in the communication device shown in Figure 11 in addition to the at least two first lines 4, other light transmission systems 7 can be arranged between the power divider 1 and the coupler group 2, which can be arranged at any position between the power divider 1 and the coupler group 2. For example, in the communication device shown in Figure 11 the light transmission system 7 can be connected in series in any first line 4, so as to indirectly connect the power divider 1 and the coupler group 2.

[0092] Similarly, in the line connecting the coupler group 2 and the multiplexer 3, only at least two second lines 5 can be provided between the coupler group 2 and the multiplexer 3, so that the coupler group 2 and the multiplexer 3 are directly connected through the at least two second lines 5; or, in addition to the at least two second lines 5, other optical line transmission systems 7 can also be provided between the coupler group 2 and the multiplexer 3, which can be provided at any position between the coupler group 2 and the multiplexer 3. For example, in the communication device shown in Figure 12 , the optical line transmission systems 7 can be connected in series in any one of the second lines 5, so as to indirectly connect the coupler group 2 and the multiplexer 3.

[0093] In some other possible embodiments, the optical line transmission systems 7 can also be provided between the power divider 1 and the coupler group 2 and between the coupler group 2 and the multiplexer 3, and the number of the optical line transmission systems 7 between the power divider 1 and the coupler group 2 and between the coupler group 2 and the multiplexer 3 is not limited in the present application. In addition, the specific structure of the optical line transmission systems 7 is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. For example, the optical line transmission systems 7 can include at least one optical line transmission wire, and can also include optical devices connected through the at least one optical line transmission wire. The optical line transmission systems 7 can be connected to the optical domain equalization system through couplers or other possible optical devices, which are not limited in the present application.

[0094] In addition, the coupler group 2 can also include couplers connected to the optical domain equalization system of the communication device through other lines, which can be used to connect other optical line transmission systems to the optical domain equalization system of the communication device. In the present application, the types of the couplers in the coupler group 2 can be the same or different, and in order to facilitate the differentiation of the couplers in the coupler group 2 for realizing different functions, the coupler in the coupler group 2 connected through the third line 6 is defined as a coupler 201a, and the coupler used to connect other optical signal transmission systems to the optical domain equalization system of the communication device is defined as a coupler 201b in the coupler group 2 shown in Figure 13 . The arrangement order of the coupler 201a and the coupler 201b in the coupler group 2 is not limited in the present application. For example, the coupler 201b can be provided at any position between two adjacent couplers 201a, such as in Figure 13The coupler 201b in the coupler group 2 shown can be connected in series to any one of the third lines 6 to realize indirect connection of two couplers 201a; or alternatively, two adjacent couplers 201a are directly connected through at least two third lines 6, and the coupler 201b can be arranged at the side of the two directly connected couplers 201a for connecting the power distributor 1, or the coupler 201b can be arranged at the side of the two directly connected couplers 201a for connecting the multiplexer 3. In addition, the coupler 201b can also be arranged at any other position, which is not listed one by one here.

[0095] The above is only some exemplary introduction to the specific setting mode of the communication device provided in the application. Based on the principle of dispersion compensation of the communication device to light and the specific application scenario, other possible modifications of the communication device can also be made, which are not introduced one by one here, but should be understood as falling within the protection scope of the application.

[0096] It is worth mentioning that the specific setting type of the communication device is not limited in the application, which can be an optical communication transceiver for receiving and transmitting light, and exemplary can be an optical module as shown in the application, which includes a shell 8, and the above optical domain equalization system can be arranged in the shell 8 of the optical module. In addition, the communication device can also be arranged as other possible forms of optical communication transceivers, which are not listed one by one here. Figure 14

[0097] In addition, the processing mode of the communication device is not limited in the application, and exemplary, the power distributor, the coupler group, the multiplexer, the first line, the second line and the third line of the communication device can be but not limited to be processed by a silicon optical process platform, a programmable logic controller (PLC) process platform or a silicon nitride process platform, and the processing modes of the devices can be the same or different.

[0098] When the communication device provided in the application embodiment is arranged in the form of a communication transceiver, it can be applied to, for example, Figure 2 ​The base station is shown. The BBU 03 of the base station can be connected to the RRU 02 through the communication device 06. In practice, the BBU 03 can be connected to the communication device 06 through an optical fiber or a waveguide, and the RRU 02 can be connected to the communication device 06 through an optical fiber or a waveguide. Thus, the optical signal emitted by the BBU 03 can be transmitted to the RRU 02 through the communication device 06, and the optical signal emitted by the RRU 02 can also be transmitted to the BBU 03 through the communication device 06. Since the communication device 06 provided by the embodiment of the present application can compensate for the dispersion of the optical signal, the BBU 03 and the RRU 02 can be connected through the communication device 06, and the dispersion of the optical signal transmitted between the BBU 03 and the RRU 02 can be effectively compensated for, so as to inhibit the pulse broadening of the optical signal, reduce the bit error rate of the optical signal, and reduce the power loss of the optical signal transmitted between the BBU 03 and the RRU 02.

[0099] In addition, the BBU 03 and the AAU 04 can also be connected through the communication device 06. In practice, the BBU 03 can be connected to the communication device 06 through an optical fiber or a waveguide, and the AAU 04 can be connected to the communication device 06 through an optical fiber or a waveguide. Thus, the optical signal emitted by the BBU 03 can be transmitted to the AAU 04 through the communication device 06, and the optical signal emitted by the AAU 04 can also be transmitted to the BBU 03 through the communication device 06. In this way, the dispersion of the optical signal transmitted between the BBU 03 and the AAU 04 can be effectively compensated for, so as to inhibit the pulse broadening of the optical signal, reduce the bit error rate of the optical signal, and reduce the power loss of the optical signal transmitted between the BBU 03 and the AAU 04.

[0100] The communication device provided by the embodiment of the present application can be used not only for the optical communication transceiver but also for the base station. The communication device can further include at least two optical communication units connected through the signal. Any two optical communication units can be connected through the optical domain equalization system to compensate for the dispersion of the optical signal transmitted between the two optical communication units, so as to inhibit the pulse broadening of the optical signal, reduce the bit error rate of the optical signal, and reduce the power loss of the optical signal transmitted between the two optical communication units.

[0101] The base station using the communication device provided by the above-mentioned embodiment of the present application can effectively reduce the bit error rate of the communication signal between the base station and the terminal device, reduce the signal retransmission probability, and reduce the signal transmission delay when the base station is used in the communication system as shown in Figure 1

[0102] ​The above merely provides the specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes a power divider, a coupler group, and a multiplexer connected in sequence, wherein: The power divider is connected to the coupler group via at least two first lines; The power divider is used to divide the light into at least two split beams, and the at least two split beams enter the at least two first lines in a one-to-one correspondence, and there is a phase difference and a time difference in the transmission of any two split beams in the corresponding first lines; The coupler group is used to couple and interfere with the at least two split beams and output at least two coupled split beams; The multiplexer and the coupler group are connected through at least two second lines. The at least two coupled split beams enter the at least two second lines in a one-to-one correspondence, and there is a time difference in the transmission of any two coupled split beams in the corresponding second lines. The multiplexer is used to orthogonally combine the at least two coupled beam splitters.

2. The communication device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The power divider is connected to the coupler group via N first lines, each of the at least N-1 first lines including a phase shifter and a time delayer connected in series, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

3. The communication device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The time delay of each of the first lines is a helical waveguide or an optical fiber of a predetermined length; the phase shifter of each of the first lines is a thermal phase shifter or an electrical phase shifter.

4. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The multiplexer is connected to the coupler group via M second lines, each of the at least M-1 second lines including a time delay, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

5. The communication device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The time delay for each of the second lines is a helical waveguide or an optical fiber of a set length.

6. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The coupler group includes at least two couplers connected sequentially via a third line, and two adjacent couplers are connected via at least two third lines; at least two intermediate coupling beams output by the preceding coupler of the two adjacent couplers enter at least two third lines in a one-to-one correspondence, and there is a phase difference and a time difference in the transmission of any two intermediate coupling beams in the corresponding third lines.

7. The communication device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Two adjacent couplers of the at least two couplers are connected by X third lines, each of the at least X-1 third lines including a phase shifter and a time delayer connected in series, where X is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

8. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The multiplexer is either a mode multiplexer or a polarization multiplexer.

9. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The coupler is a multimode coupling interferometer or a directional coupler.

10. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The communication device further includes a detector for receiving light rays after orthogonal beam combining by the multiplexer, and for reconstructing the signal modulated on the light rays.

11. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The communication device further includes a light emission port, which is used to emit light rays after orthogonal beam combining by the multiplexer to the outside of the communication device.

12. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The communication device further includes at least one optical transmission system, each of which includes at least one optical transmission wire; at least one optical transmission system is connected in series between the power divider and the coupler group, or at least one optical transmission system is connected in series between the coupler group and the multiplexer.

13. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The communication device further includes at least two optical transmission systems, each of which includes at least one optical transmission wire; at least one of the optical transmission systems is connected in series between the power divider and the coupler group, and at least one of the optical transmission systems is connected in series between the coupler group and the multiplexer.

14. A base station, characterized in that, It includes a baseband unit, a radio frequency remote unit, and a communication device as described in any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the baseband unit and the radio frequency remote unit are signal-connected through the communication device.

15. The base station as described in claim 14, characterized in that, The base station also includes an active antenna processing unit, and the baseband unit and the active antenna processing unit are signal-connected through the communication equipment.

16. A communication system, characterized in that, Includes the base station as described in claim 14 or 15, wherein the base station is used for communication connection with terminal equipment.

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