Automatic cocoon cutting machine

Abstract

An automatic silkworm cocoon harvesting machine belongs to the field of agricultural machinery technology. It includes a frame / conveyor, a sorting device, a cocoon-shaving device, a discharge hopper, and a pupa-shell screening device. The sorting device is installed above the input end of the conveyor, with a feed inlet at the top. Multiple cocoon-sorting grooves are set on the surface of the sorting conveyor belt, corresponding to the cocoon-carrying grooves on the conveyor's cocoon-carrying plate. The cocoon-shaving device is located in the middle of the upper part of the conveyor. A cocoon-shaving differential belt is positioned below the cocoon-carrying plate inside the conveyor, contacting the cocoons in the grooves and moving in the opposite direction to the plate, driving the cocoons to rotate. The cocoon-shaving blades correspond to the center of the grooves, completing the cutting of the outer periphery of the cocoons. The discharge hopper is installed below the output end of the conveyor. The pupa-shell screening device is located below the discharge hopper, receiving and screening the material. The lower output end of the pupa-shell screening device has a silkworm pupa outlet, and the upper output end has a cocoon shell outlet. This invention features high output, high speed, and low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular relates to an automatic cocoon harvester for silkworms. Background Technology

[0002] The tussah silkworm is a traditional economic insect in my country, widely distributed in Liaoning, Shandong, and Henan provinces. Traditionally, silkworm rearing was for silk reeling and fabric production. However, the high protein content, balanced nutrition, and abundant resources of tussah silkworm pupae have given rise to a new development model for the tussah silkworm industry: insect food. Traditionally, obtaining tussah silkworm pupae requires manually peeling open the cocoon with a blade to remove the pupae. To avoid damaging the pupae inside the cocoon, this process usually requires manual handling of each pupae, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also inefficient and prone to hand cuts, severely hindering the development of the tussah silkworm industry.

[0003] Currently, existing technologies mainly include manually operated shelling tools. While these tools are simple and easy to use, they are inefficient and labor-intensive. Some preliminary attempts at semi-automatic or fully automatic equipment, although improving shelling speed, still have limitations in accuracy, stability, and adaptability to cocoons of different sizes. Most of these devices use clamps to hold the cocoons individually; however, achieving mass production would require manufacturing a large number of clamps, leading to high costs and difficult maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems and to resolve the issues of time-consuming, labor-intensive, inefficient, and injury-prone traditional manual cocoon harvesting, as well as the poor accuracy, low stability, and high cost of existing cocoon harvesting equipment, this invention provides an automatic cocoon harvesting machine. This machine overcomes the problems of low output, slow speed, and high cost associated with manual and semi-automatic machinery.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention discloses an automatic silkworm cocoon harvesting machine, comprising a frame and a conveying device, a sorting device, a cocoon-shaving device, a discharge hopper, and a pupa-shell screening device mounted on the frame. The sorting device is installed above the input end of the conveying device, with a feed inlet at the top and a cocoon outlet near the lower front of the conveying device. A sorting conveyor belt is installed inside the sorting box of the sorting device, and multiple cocoon-collecting grooves are provided on the surface of the sorting conveyor belt, corresponding to the cocoon-carrying grooves on the cocoon-carrying plate of the conveying device. The cocoon-shaving device is positioned above the conveying device. In the middle position, the cocoon-cutting differential belt of the cocoon-cutting device is placed below the cocoon-carrying perforated plate inside the conveying device, in contact with the cocoons in the cocoon-carrying perforated groove, and moves in the opposite direction to the cocoon-carrying perforated plate, driving the cocoons to rotate in the cocoon-carrying perforated groove. The cocoon-cutting blades of the cocoon-cutting device correspond to the middle of the cocoon-carrying perforated groove, completing the cutting of the outer periphery of the cocoon. The discharge hopper is installed below the output end of the conveying device, and the pupa-shell screening device is located below the discharge hopper to receive and screen the material. The lower output end of the pupa-shell screening device is provided with a tussah silkworm pupa outlet, and the upper output end is provided with a cocoon shell outlet.

[0007] Furthermore, the sorting box of the sorting device is generally rectangular, with an inverted trapezoidal inlet at the top and a cocoon outlet at the lower front, positioned above the cocoon-carrying plate of the conveying device. The sorting box includes a sorting conveyor belt, two sorting conveyor rollers, and cocoon-pressing rollers. The sorting conveyor belt is fitted around the outer periphery of the two sorting conveyor rollers. The active sorting conveyor roller is connected to a sorting motor located outside the sorting box. There are two cocoon-pressing rollers, each mounted above the sorting conveyor belt. The second cocoon-pressing roller, positioned at the rear of the working area, contacts the sorting conveyor belt. The distance between the first cocoon-pressing roller, positioned at the front of the working area, and the sorting conveyor belt is less than the maximum outer diameter of the cocoon. The first and second cocoon-pressing rollers are respectively equipped with meshing gears at the same end, rotating in opposite directions. The gap between the first and second cocoon-pressing rollers is less than the minimum outer diameter of the cocoon.

[0008] Furthermore, a sorting differential belt is also provided below the sorting conveyor belt inside the sorting box. The sorting differential belt is sleeved on two sorting differential belt rollers, which are installed on the sorting box. A small pulley is provided on the sorting differential belt roller located below the active sorting conveyor belt roller, which is connected to a large pulley installed on the active sorting conveyor belt roller via a transmission belt. The sorting differential belt is in contact with the sorting conveyor belt, and their movement speeds are different. The sorting differential belt at the contact point moves in the opposite direction to the sorting conveyor belt.

[0009] Furthermore, the sorting cocoon troughs provided on the surface of the sorting conveyor belt are formed by multiple rows of partitions on the surface of the conveyor belt, with multiple baffles between adjacent rows of partitions, forming multiple rectangular sorting cocoon troughs to accommodate the silkworm cocoons.

[0010] Furthermore, the sorting box inlet is provided with several inverted trapezoidal feed baffles at intervals, forming multiple feed slots corresponding to the sorting cocoon slots on the surface of the sorting conveyor belt.

[0011] Furthermore, the conveying device includes two side guard plates, a chain drive mechanism, a cocoon-carrying perforated plate, a conveyor motor, brush I, brush II, and a cocoon-blocking plate. The chain drive mechanism consists of two sets of symmetrically arranged transmission chains fitted with sprockets. The drive sprocket shaft is connected to the conveyor motor mounted on the frame, driving the chain to rotate. The cocoon-carrying perforated plate is mounted on the two sets of transmission chains, with multiple elliptical cocoon-carrying perforated slots on its surface. The bottom of the cocoon-carrying perforated slots has holes, allowing the cocoons inside to contact the cocoon-cutting differential belt. The two side guard plates are mounted on the outside of the two sets of chains on the frame. The cocoon-blocking plate is mounted above the two side guard plates, located between the sorting device and the cocoon-cutting device. Brush I is mounted on the driven sprocket shaft within the two transmission chains, contacting the bottom of the cocoon-carrying perforated plate on the upper side of the transmission chain to brush away residue. Brush II is mounted on the frame via its roller, near the discharge end of the discharge hopper, with its brush II contacting the bottom of the cocoon-carrying perforated plate on the lower side of the transmission chain.

[0012] Furthermore, the cocoon-cutting device includes a support base, a blade holder, a cocoon-cutting knife, and a cocoon-cutting differential belt. Two support bases are symmetrically installed on the side guard plates of the conveying device, and two blade holders are symmetrically installed on the two support bases. The cocoon-cutting knives are evenly spaced below the blade holders, corresponding to the elliptical cocoon-carrying slots on the cocoon-carrying slot plate. The cocoon-cutting differential belt is installed below the cocoon-cutting device inside the side plates of the conveying device. The active drive roller inside the cocoon-cutting differential belt is connected to the cocoon-cutting differential motor installed on the frame, driving the cocoon-cutting differential belt to move in the opposite direction to the cocoon-carrying slot plate, and making contact with the cocoons in the cocoon-carrying slot plate to make the cocoons rotate within the cocoon-carrying slot.

[0013] Furthermore, the cocoon-cutting knife includes a knife support plate, a front connecting rod, a rear connecting rod, a blade clamp, a cocoon-cutting blade, and a spring top rod. The knife support plate is installed below the knife holder rod, and two blade clamps are set below the knife support plate. The front connecting rod and the rear connecting rod are connected between the knife support plate and the two blade clamps. Three fixed hinge supports are provided below the knife support plate, located at both ends and the middle. The upper parts of the front and rear connecting rods are hinged to the fixed hinge supports at both ends of the knife support plate, and the lower parts are hinged to the blade clamps. The cocoon-cutting blade is installed between the two blade clamps. The spring top rod is connected between the knife support plate and the front connecting rod. The spring top rod includes a spring rod, a spring clip, and a spring. The upper part of the spring rod with the spring is connected to the fixed hinge support in the middle of the knife support plate. A slot is opened in the middle of the spring rod to place the spring clip. The spring clip is in contact with the front connecting rod and the spring respectively. The lower part of the spring rod is inserted into the strip hole opened on the front connecting rod.

[0014] Furthermore, the blade clamp has an L-shaped bending structure, and the working front end of the blade clamp is bent upwards at a bending angle of 20° with the horizontal plane. The cocoon-cutting blade extends out of the bottom of the blade clamp, and the extension height is the depth to which the cocoon-cutting blade cuts the cocoon. The L-shaped bending plate is used to press down on both sides of the cocoon.

[0015] Furthermore, the pupa-shell screening device includes a vibrating motor, a vibrating screen plate, vibrating springs, and a vibrating frame. The vibrating frame is placed inside the frame, and the bottom of the vibrating screen plate is mounted on the vibrating frame via four vibrating springs. It includes upper and lower screen plates. The upper screen plate has a pupa drop hole and a cocoon shell outlet at its output end to output the cocoon shells after cocoon cutting. The lower screen plate has a tussah pupa outlet at its output end to output the tussah pupa after removing the cocoon shell. The vibrating motor is installed behind the vibrating screen plate and drives the vibrating screen plate to vibrate and screen the pupa.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0017] This invention utilizes the inlet baffle and sorting conveyor belt of the sorting device to separate cocoons that are stuck together, allowing each cocoon to enter a separate slot on the conveyor belt, which is beneficial for subsequent cocoon cutting operations. By employing the blade clamp and spring-loaded rod of the cocoon-cutting device, the stability of the cutting blade in cutting cocoons of different sizes and shapes is improved, avoiding the limitations of traditional cocoon-cutting machines. The blade clamp allows adjustment of the cutting depth of the cocoon-cutting blade, controlling it to a safe distance that only breaks the cocoon shell without contacting the pupa, thus preventing damage to the pupa during the cocoon-cutting process. The cocoon-carrying perforated plate... The differential speed belt for cocoon cutting positions the cocoons in the conveyor at the center of each cocoon-carrying slot, allowing the cocoon-cutting device to cut the cocoon shell along its maximum diameter. This ensures proper separation of the cocoon shell and pupa, avoiding the need for secondary cutting of the cocoon shell to remove the pupa due to an insufficiently small cut. By installing cocoon-carrying slot plates on the ear plate chain, large-scale cocoon cutting operations can be achieved, ensuring output while improving the stability of cocoon shell cutting. The pupa-shell screening device prevents cocoon shells from mixing with pupae, eliminating the tedious process of manually selecting cocoon shells and pupae again. This improves production efficiency, reduces labor costs, and features a simple structure with low maintenance costs.

[0018] It has a simple structure, a high degree of automation, is safe and reliable to use, and has a large output. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the present invention from another direction.

[0021] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sorting device structure provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0023] Figure 5 For this application Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the [structure / structure].

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the inner planar structure;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the motion principle of the sorting conveyor belt and the sorting differential belt.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the conveying device structure provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a partial structural diagram of the cocoon-carrying perforated plate provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A cross-sectional schematic diagram.

[0029] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the cocoon-removing device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the cocoon-removing tool structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 13 This is another schematic diagram of the cocoon-removing tool structure provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0032] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the pupa-shell screening device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0033] In the diagram: 1 - rack;

[0034] 2-Sorting device, 21-Sorting box, 211-Feed inlet, 212-Feed baffle, 22-Sorting conveyor belt, 221-Sorting cocoon trough, 222-Baffle, 223-Baffle, 23-Sorting conveyor belt roller, 24-First cocoon pressing roller, 25-Second cocoon pressing roller, 26-Sorting differential belt, 27-Sorting differential belt roller, 28-Sorting motor, 29-Drive belt, 291-Large pulley, 292-Small pulley, 293-Drive belt;

[0035] 3-Conveying device, 31-Guard plate, 32-Chain, 33-Sprocket, 34-Sprocket shaft, 35-Cocoon-carrying plate, 351-Cocoon-carrying groove, 352-Hole, 36-Brush I, 37-Cocoon-blocking plate, 38-Conveying motor; 39-Brush II, 310-Chain drive I;

[0036] 4-Cocoon cutting device, 41-Support base, 42-Knife holder rod, 43-Cocoon cutting knife, 431-Knife support plate, 432-Front connecting rod, 433-Rear connecting rod, 434-Blade clamp, 435-Cocoon cutting blade, 436-Spring rod, 437-Spring clip, 438-Spring, 44-Cocoon cutting differential belt, 45-Cocoon cutting differential belt roller, 46-Cocoon cutting differential motor, 47-Chain drive II;

[0037] 5-Discharge hopper;

[0038] 6-Pupil-shell screening device, 61-Vibrating motor, 62-Vibrating screen plate, 621-Upper screen plate, 622-Lower screen plate, 623-Silkworm cocoon shell outlet, 624-Thuja silkworm pupa outlet, 63-Vibrating spring, 64-Vibrating frame. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0040] Example: Figures 1-3 As shown, the present invention discloses an automatic cocoon cutting machine for silkworms, comprising a frame 1 and a conveying device 3, a sorting device 2, a cocoon-shaving device 4, a discharge hopper 5, and a pupa-shell screening device 6 mounted on the frame 1. The sorting device 2 is installed at the input end above the conveying device 3. The top of the sorting device 2 has a feed inlet 211, and the lower front part near the conveying device 3 has a cocoon outlet. A sorting conveyor belt 22 is installed inside the sorting box 21 of the sorting device 2. The surface of the sorting conveyor belt 22 is provided with multiple cocoon-collecting slots 221, which correspond to the cocoon-carrying slots 351 on the cocoon-carrying plate 35 of the conveying device 3. The cocoon-shaving device 4 is placed on the conveying device 3. At the upper center position, the cocoon-cutting differential belt 44 of the cocoon-cutting device 4 is placed below the cocoon-carrying perforated plate 35 inside the conveying device 3, in contact with the cocoons in the cocoon-carrying perforated groove 351, and moves in the opposite direction to the cocoon-carrying perforated plate 35, driving the cocoons to rotate in the cocoon-carrying perforated groove 351. The cocoon-cutting blades 43 of the cocoon-cutting device 4 are respectively aligned with the center of the cocoon-carrying perforated groove 351 to complete the cutting of the outer periphery of the cocoons. The discharge hopper 5 is installed below the output end of the conveying device 3, and the pupa-shell screening device 6 is located below the discharge hopper 5 to receive and screen the materials. The lower output end of the pupa-shell screening device 6 is provided with a tussah silkworm pupa outlet 624, and the upper output end is provided with a cocoon shell outlet 623.

[0041] In use, silkworm cocoons enter the sorting cocoon trough 221 of the sorting conveyor belt 22 through the inlet 211 of the sorting box 21 of the sorting device 2. They are then conveyed by the sorting conveyor belt 22 to the cocoon-carrying slot 351 on the cocoon-carrying perforated plate 35 of the conveying device 3. The cocoons then move to the cocoon-cutting device 4 with the cocoon-cutting differential belt 44, which drives the cocoons to rotate in the cocoon-carrying slot 351. Similarly, the cocoon-cutting knife 43 cuts along the outer circumference of the cocoons. The cut cocoons are then conveyed to the discharge hopper 5 through the cocoon-carrying perforated plate. After being screened by the pupa-shell screening device 6 set below the discharge hopper 5, the tussah silkworm pupae are output through the lower tussah silkworm pupae outlet 624, and the cocoon shells are output through the upper cocoon shell outlet 623, thus achieving the sorting of the pupae shells.

[0042] Furthermore, such as Figures 4-7 As shown, the sorting box 21 of the sorting device 2 is generally rectangular, with an inverted trapezoidal inlet 211 at the top and a cocoon outlet at the lower front, positioned above the cocoon-carrying perforated plate 35 of the conveying device 3. The sorting box 21 includes a sorting conveyor belt 22, two sorting conveyor rollers 23, and a cocoon-pressing roller. The sorting conveyor belt 22 is fitted around the outer periphery of the two sorting conveyor rollers 23. The active sorting conveyor roller is connected to a sorting motor 28 located outside the sorting box 21. There are two cocoon pressing rollers, which are respectively installed above the sorting conveyor belt 22. The second cocoon pressing roller 25, which is located behind the work, is in contact with the sorting conveyor belt 22. The distance between the first cocoon pressing roller 24, which is located in front of the work, and the sorting conveyor belt 22 is less than the maximum outer diameter of the cocoon. The same end of the first cocoon pressing roller 24 and the second cocoon pressing roller 25 are respectively equipped with gears that mesh with each other and rotate in opposite directions. The gap between the first cocoon pressing roller 24 and the second cocoon pressing roller 25 is less than the minimum outer diameter of the cocoon.

[0043] A sorting differential belt 26 is also provided below the sorting conveyor belt 22 inside the sorting box 21. The sorting differential belt 26 is sleeved on two sorting differential belt rollers 27, which are mounted on the sorting box 21. One end of the active sorting conveyor belt roller 23 is connected to the sorting motor 28, and the other end is equipped with a large pulley. A small pulley is provided on the sorting differential belt roller 27 located below the active sorting conveyor belt roller 23. The small pulley and the large pulley are at the same end and connected by a transmission belt. The sorting differential belt 26 is in contact with the sorting conveyor belt 22, and their movement speeds are different. The contact portion of the sorting differential belt moves in the opposite direction to the sorting conveyor belt. Figure 6 As shown. The sorting motor 28 drives the active sorting conveyor belt roller 23, which in turn drives the sorting conveyor belt 22 and the driven sorting conveyor belt roller to rotate. At the same time, the large pulley drives the small pulley to rotate, which in turn drives the sorting differential belt 26 to rotate.

[0044] Furthermore, the sorting cocoon trough 221 provided on the surface of the sorting conveyor belt 22 is formed by providing multiple rows of partitions 222 on the surface of the sorting conveyor belt 22, and providing multiple baffles 223 between adjacent rows of partitions 222 to form multiple rectangular sorting cocoon troughs 221 to accommodate the silkworm cocoons.

[0045] like Figure 4 As shown, the sorting box 21 has several inverted trapezoidal feed baffles 212 spaced apart at its feed inlet 211, forming multiple feed slots corresponding to the sorting cocoon slots 221 on the surface of the sorting conveyor belt 22.

[0046] like Figure 1 , 3 , Figures 8-10 As shown, the conveying device 3 includes two side guard plates 31, a chain drive mechanism, a cocoon-carrying perforated plate 35, a conveying motor 38, brush I 36, brush II 39, and a cocoon-blocking plate 37. The chain drive mechanism consists of two sets of symmetrically arranged transmission chains 32 fitted with sprockets 33. Its drive sprocket shaft is connected to the conveying motor 38 mounted on the frame 1 through chain drive I 310. The conveying motor 38 drives the chain drive I 310 to rotate the chain 32. The cocoon-carrying perforated plate 35 is mounted on the two sets of transmission chains 32 and has multiple imitation cocoon elliptical cocoon-carrying perforated grooves 35 on its surface. The bottom of the cocoon-carrying perforated grooves 35... The machine has a hole in the side so that the inside cocoon can contact the cocoon cutting differential belt 44; the two side guard plates 31 are installed on the outside of the two sets of chains 32 on the frame 1, and the cocoon blocking plate 37 is installed above the two side guard plates 31, located between the sorting device 2 and the cocoon cutting device 4; the brush I 36 is installed on the driven sprocket shaft in the two transmission chains 32, and contacts the bottom of the cocoon carrying hole plate 35 on the upper side of the transmission chain 32 to brush away the residue; the brush II 39 is installed on the frame 1 through its roller, near the upper part of the discharge end of the discharge hopper 5, and the brush II 39 on it contacts the bottom of the cocoon carrying hole plate 35 on the lower side of the transmission chain 32.

[0047] like Figure 1 , Figures 11-13 As shown, the cocoon-cutting device 4 includes a support base 41, a blade holder 42, a cocoon-cutting knife 43, and a cocoon-cutting differential belt 44. Two support bases 41 are symmetrically installed on the side guard plates 31 of the conveying device 3. Two blade holders 42 are symmetrically installed on the two support bases 41. The cocoon-cutting knives 43 are evenly spaced below the blade holders 42, corresponding to the elliptical cocoon-carrying slots 351 on the cocoon-carrying slot plate 35. The cocoon-cutting differential belt 44 is installed below the cocoon-cutting device 4 inside the side guard plates 31 of the conveying device 3. The active drive roller sleeved inside the cocoon-cutting differential belt 44 is connected to the cocoon-cutting differential motor 46 installed on the frame 1 through chain drive II 47, driving the cocoon-cutting differential belt 44 to move in the opposite direction to the cocoon-carrying slot plate 35, and making contact with the cocoons in the cocoon-carrying slot plate 35, so that the cocoons rotate in the cocoon-carrying slots 351.

[0048] The cocoon-cutting knife 43 includes a knife support plate 431, a front connecting rod 432, a rear connecting rod 433, a blade clamping plate 434, a cocoon-cutting blade 435, and a spring push rod 436. The knife support plate 431 is installed below the knife holder rod 42. Two blade clamping plates 434 are arranged below the knife support plate 431. The front connecting rod 432 and the rear connecting rod 433 connect the knife support plate 431 and the two blade clamping plates 434. Three fixed hinge supports are provided below the knife support plate 431, located at both ends and the middle. The upper parts of the front and rear connecting rods 432 and 433 are connected to the fixed hinge supports at both ends of the knife support plate 431. The cocoon-cutting blade 435 is hinged between two blade clamps 434, with the lower part hinged to the blade clamp 434. A spring-loaded rod is connected between the blade support plate 431 and the front connecting rod 432. The spring-loaded rod includes a spring rod 436, a spring clip 437, and a spring 438. The upper part of the spring rod 436, which houses the spring 438, is connected to a fixed hinge support in the middle of the blade support plate 431. A slot is formed in the middle of the spring rod 436 to hold the spring clip 437. The spring clip 437 contacts both the front connecting rod 432 and the spring 438. The lower part of the spring rod 436 is inserted into a slot in the front connecting rod 432. When the cocoon-cutting blade cuts the cocoon, larger cocoons will push up the blade clamp 434, causing it to move horizontally backward under the action of the front connecting rod 432 and the rear connecting rod 433. At this time, the spring 438 fixed to the spring rod 436 is compressed by the front connecting rod 432. When the compression force of the spring 438 exceeds the thrust of the cocoon, the front connecting rod 432 stops driving the blade clamp 434 to move horizontally backward. The blade clamp 434 is fixed by the thrust of the cocoon and the elastic force of the spring. The cocoon-cutting blade 435 installed between the two blade clamps 434 begins to cut the cocoon. At the same time, the bottom surface of the blade clamp 434 is in contact with the cocoon shell to ensure that the cutting depth of the cocoon-cutting blade 435 is within a safe range.

[0049] The blade clamp 434 has an L-shaped bending structure, and the working front end of the blade clamp 434 is bent upwards at a bending angle of 20° with the horizontal plane to ensure that cocoons of different sizes can smoothly enter the area below the blade clamp 434 and be firmly held. The cocoon cutting knife 43 extends out of the bottom of the blade clamp 434, and the extension height is the depth to which the cocoon cutting knife 43 cuts the cocoon. The bottom edge of the L-shaped bending plate, which is parallel to the horizontal plane, is used to press down the two sides of the cocoon.

[0050] like Figure 1 , Figure 14As shown, the pupa-shell screening device 6 includes a vibrating motor 61, a vibrating screen plate 62, vibrating springs 63, and a vibrating frame 64. The vibrating frame 64 is placed inside the frame 1. The bottom of the vibrating screen plate 62 is mounted on the four corners of the vibrating frame 64 by four vibrating springs 63. It includes upper and lower screen plates. The upper screen plate 621 has a pupa drop hole and a cocoon shell outlet at its output end to output the cocoon shells after the cocoons are cut. The lower screen plate 622 has a tussah pupa outlet at its output end to output the tussah pupa after the cocoon shells have been removed. Both the cocoon shell outlet and the tussah pupa outlet are trapezoidal openings that gradually decrease in size and are located in two directions for easy collection. The vibrating motor 64 is installed behind the vibrating screen plate 62 and drives the vibrating screen plate 62 to vibrate and screen the pupa.

[0051] When using this invention, first place the machine in a stable and suitable position, connect the power supply, and check whether the machine is operating normally. After the machine is started, the sorting motor 28 drives the sorting conveyor belt roller 23 in the sorting device 2 to rotate, pouring the silkworm cocoons into the feed inlet 211 of the sorting device 2. Through the multiple feed baffles 212 set in the feed inlet 211, the silkworm cocoons enter the sorting cocoon trough 221 of the sorting conveyor belt 22 in an orderly manner, so as to ensure that the silkworm cocoons entering the sorting conveyor belt 22 trough are all single and horizontal, and will not fall into the gaps of the sorting conveyor belt 22 or spill outside. To ensure that each sorting cocoon trough 221 contains only one cocoon, a first pressing roller 24 and a second pressing roller 25 are installed above and behind the sorting conveyor belt 22. The first pressing roller 24 is at a certain distance from the sorting conveyor belt 22, while the second pressing roller 25 is in contact with the sorting conveyor belt 22. This ensures that if there is more than one cocoon in the sorting cocoon trough 221, it can be blocked by the first pressing roller 24 in time. If a single cocoon is large, it can be slightly squeezed initially, followed by further squeezing by the second pressing roller 25 to prevent excessive squeezing from damaging the pupa. Although the cocoons in the sorting cocoon troughs 221 of the sorting conveyor belt 222 are individual, the cocoon silks in each trough 221 may still become tangled and sticky, which can significantly affect subsequent cocoon cutting. To eliminate this effect, a sorting differential belt 26 is installed below the sorting conveyor belt 22. The sorting conveyor belt 22 transmits power to the sorting differential belt roller 27 via the transmission belt 29 on one side of the sorting box 21. Due to the transmission ratio between the large pulley 291 and the small pulley 292, the running speed of the sorting differential belt 26 is greater than that of the sorting conveyor belt 22, and the directions of movement are opposite. At this time, the cocoons in the sorting cocoon trough 221 begin to rotate due to the forward thrust of the sorting conveyor belt 22 and the backward friction of the sorting differential belt 26, and the cocoon silk is tightly wrapped around their respective cocoon shells. At the end of the sorting differential belt 26, the cocoons are pushed by the sorting conveyor belt 22 into the holes of the cocoon-carrying perforated plate 35 of the conveying device 3.

[0052] The cocoon-carrying perforated plate 35 of the conveying device 3 is mounted on the chain 32. The conveying motor 38 mounted on the frame 1 drives the sprocket and chain to rotate via chain drive. After the sorted cocoons fall into the cocoon-carrying perforated plate 35, the cocoon-carrying perforated plate 35 moves towards the cocoon-cutting device 4 along with the chain 32. Since a cocoon-cutting differential belt 44 is installed below the cocoon-carrying perforated plate 35, the cocoons are subjected to forces of different sizes and opposite directions during the cutting process, causing them to rotate, thereby improving the cutting efficiency. To accommodate cocoons of different sizes and shapes, the cocoon-cutting knife 43 is equipped with a blade clamp 434. The front end of the blade clamp 434 is bent and raised to ensure that cocoons of different sizes can smoothly enter under the blade clamp 434 and be firmly held. After the cocoon enters under the blade clamp 434, the blade clamp 434 is pressed down by the elastic force of the spring 438 through the spring rod 436. Under the action of the blade clamp 434, the cutting depth of the cocoon-cutting blade 435 is controlled to a safe distance that only cuts through the cocoon shell without contacting the pupa, thus avoiding damage to the silkworm pupa during the cocoon shell cutting process. After the cocoon passes through the cocoon-cutting device 4, the cocoon shell and the silkworm pupa continue to move forward in the cocoon-carrying perforated plate 35. At the end of the conveying device 3, the cocoon shell and the silkworm pupa fall into the discharge hopper 5 under the action of gravity, and then fall into the pupa-shell screening device 6. If the cocoon silk gets caught on the cocoon-carrying perforated plate 35 and fails to fall off in time, the brush I 36 installed on the sprocket 33 inside the conveying device 3 and the brush II 39 installed on the frame 1 will roll and brush the upper and lower bottom of the cocoon-carrying perforated plate 35, thereby brushing off the cocoon shell and silkworm pupa that have not fallen off in time.

[0053] When the cocoon shells and silkworm pupae fall into the vibrating screen plate 62 through the discharge hopper 5, the vibrating screen plate 62 vibrates under the action of the vibrating motor 61, causing the cocoon shells and silkworm pupae to move forward. Multiple rows of pupa dropping holes are provided on the upper vibrating screen plate 621. The dropping holes are larger than the outer diameter of the silkworm pupae but smaller than the outer diameter of the cocoon shell. Larger cocoon shells are left on the upper screen plate 621, while the silkworm pupae fall into the lower screen plate 622. The discharge ports of the upper and lower screen plates are located on the left and right sides of the pupa-shell screening device 6, respectively, completing the separation and screening of silkworm pupae and cocoon shells, preventing the cocoon shells from mixing with the silkworm pupae, and eliminating the tedious process of manually selecting cocoon shells and pupae again.

[0054] Components not described in detail in this application are all existing conventional technologies and will not be described further here.

[0055] It is understood that the above specific description of the present invention is only for illustrating the present invention and is not limited to the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the present invention to achieve the same technical effect; as long as the use needs are met, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic cocoon harvesting machine for silkworms, characterized in that: The system includes a frame and a conveying device, a sorting device, a cocoon-shaving device, a discharge hopper, and a pupa-shell screening device mounted on the frame. The sorting device is installed above the input end of the conveying device, with a feed inlet at the top and a cocoon outlet near the lower front of the conveying device. A sorting conveyor belt is installed inside the sorting box of the sorting device, and multiple cocoon-collecting grooves are provided on the surface of the conveyor belt, corresponding to the cocoon-carrying grooves on the cocoon-carrying plate of the conveying device. The cocoon-shaving device is located above the middle of the conveying device and is used for cocoon shaving. The cocoon-cutting differential belt of the device is placed below the cocoon-carrying perforated plate inside the conveying device, in contact with the cocoons in the cocoon-carrying perforated slots, and moves in the opposite direction to the cocoon-carrying perforated plate, driving the cocoons to rotate in the cocoon-carrying perforated slots. The cocoon-cutting blades of the cocoon-cutting device correspond to the middle of the cocoon-carrying perforated slots to complete the cutting of the outer periphery of the cocoons. The discharge hopper is installed below the output end of the conveying device, and the pupa-shell screening device is located below the discharge hopper to receive and screen the material. The lower output end of the pupa-shell screening device is provided with an outlet for tussah silkworm pupae, and the upper output end is provided with an outlet for silkworm cocoon shells. The cocoon-cutting knife includes a knife support plate, a front connecting rod, a rear connecting rod, a blade clamp, a cocoon-cutting blade, and a spring top rod. The knife support plate is installed below the knife holder rod. Two blade clamps are set below the knife support plate. The front connecting rod and the rear connecting rod are connected between the knife support plate and the two blade clamps. Three fixed hinge supports are provided below the knife support plate, located at both ends and the middle. The upper part of the front and rear connecting rods is hinged to the fixed hinge supports at both ends of the knife support plate, and the lower part is hinged to the blade clamp. The cocoon-cutting blade is installed between the two blade clamps. The spring top rod is connected between the knife support plate and the front connecting rod. The spring top rod includes a spring rod, a spring clip, and a spring. The upper part of the spring rod with the spring is connected to the fixed hinge support in the middle of the knife support plate. A slot is opened in the middle of the spring rod to place the spring clip. The spring clip is in contact with the front connecting rod and the spring respectively. The lower part of the spring rod is inserted into the strip hole opened on the front connecting rod. The blade clamp has an L-shaped bending structure, and the working front end of the blade clamp is bent upwards at a bending angle of 20° with the horizontal plane. The cocoon cutting blade extends out of the bottom of the blade clamp, and the extension height is the depth to which the cocoon cutting blade cuts the cocoon. The L-shaped bending structure of the blade clamp is used to press down on both sides of the cocoon.

2. The automatic cocoon harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sorting box of the sorting device is generally rectangular, with an inverted trapezoidal feed inlet at the top and a cocoon outlet at the lower front, positioned above the cocoon-carrying plate of the conveyor. The sorting box contains a sorting conveyor belt, two sorting conveyor rollers, and cocoon-pressing rollers. The sorting conveyor belt is fitted around the outer circumference of the two rollers. The active sorting conveyor roller is connected to a sorting motor located outside the sorting box. There are two cocoon-pressing rollers, each mounted above the sorting conveyor belt. The second cocoon-pressing roller, positioned at the rear of the working area, contacts the sorting conveyor belt. The distance between the first cocoon-pressing roller, positioned at the front of the working area, and the sorting conveyor belt is less than the maximum outer diameter of the cocoon. The same end of the first and second cocoon-pressing rollers is fitted with meshing gears that rotate in opposite directions. The gap between the first and second cocoon-pressing rollers is less than the minimum outer diameter of the cocoon.

3. The automatic cocoon harvesting machine for silkworms according to claim 2, characterized in that: A sorting differential belt is also installed below the sorting conveyor belt inside the sorting box. The sorting differential belt is fitted onto two sorting differential belt rollers, which are installed on the sorting box. A small pulley is installed on the sorting differential belt roller located below the active sorting conveyor belt roller, and is connected to a large pulley installed on the active sorting conveyor belt roller via a transmission belt. The sorting differential belt is in contact with the sorting conveyor belt, and their movement speeds are different. The contact portion of the sorting differential belt moves in the opposite direction to the sorting conveyor belt.

4. The automatic cocoon harvesting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sorting cocoon troughs provided on the surface of the sorting conveyor belt are formed by multiple rows of partitions on the surface of the conveyor belt, with multiple baffles between adjacent rows of partitions, forming multiple rectangular sorting cocoon troughs to accommodate the silkworm cocoons.

5. The automatic cocoon harvesting machine for silkworms according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sorting box inlet is provided with several inverted trapezoidal feed baffles at intervals, forming multiple feed slots corresponding to the sorting cocoon slots on the surface of the sorting conveyor belt.

6. The automatic cocoon harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying device includes two side guard plates, a chain drive mechanism, a cocoon-carrying perforated plate, a conveyor motor, brush I, brush II, and a cocoon-blocking plate. The chain drive mechanism consists of two sets of symmetrically arranged transmission chains fitted with sprockets. The drive sprocket shaft is connected to the conveyor motor mounted on the frame, driving the chain to rotate. The cocoon-carrying perforated plate is mounted on the two sets of transmission chains, with multiple elliptical cocoon-carrying perforated slots on its surface. The bottom of the cocoon-carrying perforated slots has holes, allowing the cocoons inside to contact the cocoon-cutting differential belt. The two side guard plates are mounted on the outside of the two sets of chains on the frame. The cocoon-blocking plate is mounted above the two side guard plates, located between the sorting device and the cocoon-cutting device. Brush I is mounted on the driven sprocket shaft within the two transmission chains, contacting the bottom of the cocoon-carrying perforated plate on the upper side of the transmission chain to brush away residue. Brush II is mounted on the frame via its roller, near the discharge end of the discharge hopper, with its brush II contacting the bottom of the cocoon-carrying perforated plate on the lower side of the transmission chain.

7. The automatic cocoon harvesting machine for silkworms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cocoon-cutting device includes a support base, a blade holder, a cocoon-cutting knife, and a cocoon-cutting differential belt. Two support bases are symmetrically installed on the side guard plates of the conveying device, and two blade holders are symmetrically installed on the two support bases. The cocoon-cutting knives are evenly spaced below the blade holders, corresponding to the elliptical cocoon-carrying slots on the cocoon-carrying slot plate. The cocoon-cutting differential belt is installed below the cocoon-cutting device inside the side guard plates of the conveying device. The drive drive roller inside the cocoon-cutting differential belt is connected to the cocoon-cutting differential motor installed on the frame, driving the cocoon-cutting differential belt to move in the opposite direction to the cocoon-carrying slot plate, and making contact with the cocoons in the cocoon-carrying slot plate, causing the cocoons to rotate within the cocoon-carrying slots.

8. The automatic cocoon harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pupa-shell screening device includes a vibrating motor, a vibrating screen plate, vibrating springs, and a vibrating frame. The vibrating frame is placed inside the machine frame. The bottom of the vibrating screen plate is mounted on the vibrating frame via four vibrating springs. It includes upper and lower screen plates. The upper screen plate has a pupa drop hole and a cocoon shell outlet at its output end to output the cocoon shells after the cocoons are cut. The lower screen plate has a tussah pupa outlet at its output end to output the tussah pupa that has shed its cocoon shell. The vibrating motor is installed behind the vibrating screen plate and drives the vibrating screen plate to vibrate and screen the pupa.

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