Fine screening structure of peanut shelling and screening machine and peanut shelling and screening machine

Abstract

The invention relates to a fine screening structure of a peanut husking and screening machine and the peanut husking and screening machine, and discloses the fine screening structure of the peanut husking and screening machine for accurately separating peanut kernels and peanut shells through multiple layers of filter plates. The device is characterized by comprising a thickened fixing ring, a first layer of filter plate, a second layer of filter plate, a third layer of filter plate and a plurality of layers of springs, the thickened fixing ring is of a U-shaped structure, the thickened fixing ring is composed of a bottom plate and two side plates, the thickened fixing ring is obliquely arranged, openings are formed in the two ends of the bottom face of the thickened fixing ring, and the two sides of the thickened fixing ring are open. Heightening columns are fixedly arranged at the two ends of a bottom plate of the thickened fixing ring, holes are formed in the bottom ends of the heightening columns, the holes correspond to supporting columns on the peanut shelling and screening machine in a one-to-one mode, the holes are formed in the corresponding supporting columns in a clamped mode, and an opening of the thickened fixing ring is opposite to a collecting channel on the peanut shelling and screening machine. The lowest position of the thickened fixing ring is higher than the bottom end of the square conveying hole in the screening box of the peanut shelling and screening machine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention discloses a fine screening structure of a peanut shelling and screening machine and a peanut shelling and screening machine, which relate to a fine screening structure installed on the peanut shelling and screening machine and capable of finely screening shelled peanuts, and belong to the technical field of peanut processing, and particularly relate to a fine screening structure of a peanut shelling and screening machine which can accurately separate peanut kernels and peanut shells through multi-layer filter plates. Background Art

[0002] Peanut shelling machine is an important equipment in agricultural mechanized production. Its main task is to peel the shell of peanuts for subsequent processing or consumption. The existing peanut shelling machine usually puts peanuts into the machine manually. The peanuts first fall into the coarse grid. The peanut shells are peeled off by the rotation of the grid plate and the rubbing force between the fixed grid bars and the concave plates. Subsequently, the peanut kernels and shells fall through the grid at the same time and pass through the air duct. Most of the peanut shells are blown out of the machine by wind. However, there are many disadvantages in its use. First, during the shelling process, the peanut shelling machine may cause a high crushing rate of the peanut kernels due to the relatively hard overall material of the machine and rubbing back and forth on the surface of the peanuts. Secondly, the existing peanut shelling machine is easy to get stuck in the gap of the shelling net during the shelling process, resulting in blockage and affecting the shelling efficiency. Finally, in the process of separating the peanut shells and peanuts, the existing equipment directly uses wind power to blow out the peanut shells and dust, resulting in the generation of a large amount of dust near the machine, which may pose a potential threat to the health of the staff. In addition, the peanuts are not filtered for the second time during the separation process, which may result in poor separation effect and more peanut shells in the peanuts.

[0003] Announcement No. CN108685111B discloses a peanut shelling machine, which effectively solves the problems of low efficiency, large proportion of broken peanut kernels, low degree of automation, high cost, difficult operation, and inability to shell in large quantities in traditional peanut shelling; the technical solution is as follows: it includes a box body, a first cylinder is installed in the box body, a second cylinder is mounted on the outside of the first cylinder, a first long strip is provided on the inner wall of the first cylinder, and a second long strip is provided in the first cylinder; a slide is fixed on the inner wall of the box body cavity, two sliders are arranged in the slide, a chuck that can rotate on the slider is arranged on the side of each slider close to the second cylinder, a cylindrical block is fixed on the outer wall of the second cylinder, and the two chucks are close to or away from each other to limit the intermittent rotation of the second cylinder; Announcement No. CN106690339A discloses a peanut shelling machine, including a collecting hopper, a primary shelling box, a primary rotating scraper, a secondary shelling Box, secondary rotating scraper, grid, collecting body, peanut shell outlet, blower, peanut kernel outlet, residual grain collecting port, primary vibrating screen, secondary vibrating screen, peanut microwave heating chamber, spring and collecting plate, the grid is arranged on the box wall at the lower end of the secondary shelling box; an inclined primary vibrating screen is arranged at the lower end of the grid, a secondary vibrating screen is arranged obliquely below the primary vibrating screen, springs are arranged on the primary vibrating screen and the secondary vibrating screen, a collecting plate is arranged below the secondary vibrating screen, a residual grain collecting port is arranged at the lower end of the collecting plate, a blower is arranged between the primary vibrating screen and the secondary vibrating screen, the peanut shelling machine is easy to get stuck in the gap of the shelling net during the process of shelling peanuts, resulting in blockage, affecting the shelling efficiency, which not only reduces the production efficiency, but also the overall material of the structure for crushing peanuts is hard, which is easy to damage the peanut kernels.

[0004] In order to improve the above problems, the applicant filed another Chinese invention patent application entitled "A Peanut Shelling and Screening Machine", which uses a shelling component to squeeze and crush the peanut shells, and a screening component to collect the peanut shells and peanuts separately. However, the peanut shelling and screening machine has only one layer of screen, and the screening effect is not good. There are still a lot of peanut shells in the peanut kernels. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to improve the above situation, the present invention provides a peanut shelling and screening machine fine screening structure and a peanut shelling and screening machine, which can accurately separate peanut kernels and peanut shells through multi-layer filter plates.

[0006] The invention discloses a fine screening structure of a peanut shelling and screening machine and a peanut shelling and screening machine as follows: the fine screening structure of a peanut shelling and screening machine comprises a thickened fixing ring, a first filter plate, a second filter plate, a third filter plate and multi-layer springs. The thickened fixing ring is in a U-shaped structure, and is composed of a bottom plate and two side plates. The thickened fixing ring is tilted, and holes are opened at both ends of the bottom surface of the thickened fixing ring. Heightening columns are fixed at both ends of the bottom plate of the thickened fixing ring, and holes are opened at the bottom ends of the heightening columns. The holes correspond to the pillars on the peanut shelling and screening machine one by one, and the holes are stuck on the corresponding pillars. The opening of the thickened fixing ring is opposite to the collecting channel on the peanut shelling and screening machine. The lowest part of the thickened fixing ring is higher than the bottom end of the square transmission hole on the screening box of the peanut shelling and screening machine. A group of sliding grooves are respectively formed on two opposite inner sides of the thickened fixing ring, and a group of the sliding grooves is provided with three. The three sliding grooves in the same group are arranged equidistantly along the height direction of the thickened fixing ring. The first filter plate is slidably connected via a sliding groove and a thickened fixing ring, and a plurality of square filter holes are formed on the first filter plate, and the plurality of square filter holes are evenly distributed on the first filter plate. The second filter plate is slidably connected via a sliding groove and a thickened fixing ring, and a plurality of square filter holes are formed on the second filter plate, and the plurality of square filter holes are evenly distributed on the second filter plate. The third filter plate is slidably connected via a sliding groove and a thickened fixing ring, and the third filter plate is provided with a plurality of square filter holes, which are evenly distributed on the third filter plate. Preferably, the width of the filter holes on the first filter plate is greater than the width of the filter holes on the second filter plate, and the width of the filter holes on the second filter plate is greater than the width of the filter holes on the third filter plate. Preferably, the filter holes on the first filter plate, the filter holes on the second filter plate and the filter holes on the third filter plate are arranged alternately. One end of the multilayer spring is fixedly connected to the inner side of the thickened fixing ring. The multilayer spring is provided in three groups, and each group is provided with a plurality of multilayer springs. The plurality of multilayer springs are evenly distributed on the inner side of the thickened fixing ring. The other end of the multilayer spring of the first group is fixed to the first filter plate, the other end of the multilayer spring of the second group is fixedly connected to the second filter plate, and the multilayer spring of the third group is fixedly connected to the inner side of the third filter plate. Furthermore, the filter holes on the first filter plate, the second filter plate, and the third filter plate are replaced with circular filter holes, the diameter of the circular filter holes on the first filter plate is larger than the diameter of the circular filter holes on the second filter plate, and the diameter of the circular filter holes on the second filter plate is larger than the diameter of the circular filter holes on the third filter plate; Furthermore, the filter holes on the first filter plate, the second filter plate, and the third filter plate are replaced with elliptical filter holes, the elliptical filter holes on the first filter plate are larger than the elliptical filter holes on the second filter plate, and the elliptical filter holes on the second filter plate are larger than the elliptical filter holes on the third filter plate.

[0007] The present invention also relates to a peanut shelling and screening machine, which comprises a screening component and a shelling component. The screening assembly is composed of a screening box, a material outlet, a support, a stable base, a shell collecting box, a collecting channel, a connecting pipe, an air pump, a fixing ring, a filter, a sieve hole, a base, a vibration motor and a support column. The screening box is a rectangular structure with an open top. Preferably, the width of the screening box gradually increases from the bottom to the quarter, and the bottom of the screening box is a flat structure. The middle part of the bottom of the screening box is provided with a discharge port. The inclined side of the screening box is provided with a plurality of holes, which correspond to the four corners of the screening box one by one. The side of the middle part of the support is fixedly connected to the side of the hole of the screening box. There are multiple supports, and the multiple supports correspond to the four corners of the screening box one by one. The stable base is fixedly placed at the bottom of the pillar. There are multiple stable bases, and the stable bases correspond to the pillars one by one. Preferably, the diameter of the stable base is larger than the diameter of the support, and a non-slip rubber pad is provided on the bottom surface of the stable base. A square transmission hole is provided on one side of the screening box near the top. The shell collecting box is a rectangular parallelepiped structure with a hollow structure. A square transmission hole is opened near the top of one side of the shell collecting box. The transmission holes on the screening box and the shell collecting box are opposite and have the same size. The height of the transmission hole on the screening box is higher than the height of the transmission hole on the shell collecting box. A cleaning door is provided on one side of the shell receiving box, and the side is adjacent to the side with the square transmission hole. One end of the collecting channel is connected to the side of the screening box and corresponds to the transmission hole on the screening box. The other end of the collecting channel is connected to the side of the shell collecting box and corresponds to the transmission hole on the shell collecting box. The screening box is connected to the shell collecting box through the collecting channel. The collecting channel extends obliquely downward from one end connected to the screening box to one end connected to the shell collecting box. One end of the connecting pipe is fixedly placed on the side of the shell receiving box, and the side is opposite to the side where the transmission hole on the shell receiving box is located. The connecting pipe is connected to the inside of the shell receiving box. A protective net is placed on one end of the connecting pipe. The vacuum pump is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting pipe. The fixing ring is placed inside the screening box, and the fixing ring is fixedly connected to the top of the support, and the support and the four corners of the fixing ring correspond one to one. Preferably, the fixing ring is in a square frame structure, and the height of the fixing ring is lower than the bottom height of the square transmission hole on the screening box. The leakage net is fixed on the fixed ring. The leakage net has a plurality of sieve holes, and the plurality of sieve holes are evenly distributed on the leakage net. The base is fixed on the inner side of the screening box. The vibration motor is fixed on the base and in contact with the leakage screen. The bottom end of the support column is fixed on the base, and the top end is in contact with the drain net. The shelling assembly is composed of a support platform, a first telescopic rod, a support plate, a first rotating motor, a second rotating motor, a shelling box, a filter screen, a connecting swing arm, a material discharge baffle, a swing shaft, a second telescopic rod, a crossbeam, a rolling roller and a friction strip. The support platform is fixedly placed on the top surface of the screening box, and its width is greater than the width from the inner side surface to the outer side surface of the screening box. There are two support platforms, and the two support platforms are symmetrically arranged with respect to the screening box. One end of the first telescopic rod is fixedly placed on the support platform, and the first telescopic rod and the support platform correspond one to one. The support plate is fixedly placed at the other end of the first telescopic rod, and two support plates are provided, and the support plates correspond to the first telescopic rods one by one. The first rotating motor is fixed on one support plate, and the second rotating motor is fixed on another support plate, wherein the central axes of the motor shafts of the first rotating motor and the second rotating motor are on the same straight line. The two ends of the shelling box are fixedly connected to the support plate. The shelling box is a transverse cylindrical structure, and the center axis of the shelling box and the motor shaft of the first rotating motor are on the same straight line. Preferably, the shelling box is an open structure from the bottom to one-half, and a feed inlet is opened on one side of the shelling box from the top to one-third of the height. The shelling box is fixed with a filter screen from the bottom to the half opening. Preferably, the filter screen is an arched structure, and a plurality of filter holes are formed on the filter screen. The filter holes are provided in a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of filter holes are arranged equidistantly along the circumference of the filter screen. Each group of filter holes is provided with a plurality of filter holes, and the plurality of filter holes are arranged equidistantly along the length direction of the filter screen. One end of the swing arm is fixedly connected to the motor shaft of the first rotating motor, The discharge baffle is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting swing arm. Preferably, the discharge baffle is an arc-shaped structure, and the inner annular surface diameter of the discharge baffle is slightly larger than the outer surface diameter of the shelling box, the length of the discharge baffle is slightly larger than the length of the shelling box, and the arc length of the discharge baffle is larger than the arc length of the upper opening of the shelling box. One end of the swing shaft is rotatably connected to the shelling box, the other end of the swing shaft passes through the other end of the shelling box and is fixedly connected to the motor shaft of the second rotating motor, and a supporting bearing is arranged between the swing shaft and the shelling box. One end of the second telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the side of the swing shaft. Preferably, two second telescopic rods are provided, and the two second telescopic rods are arranged along the length direction of the swing shaft and are symmetrically arranged with respect to the shelling box. Both ends of the crossbeam are fixedly connected to the side of the second telescopic rod. The top surface of the rolling rod is fixedly connected to the other end of the second telescopic rod. Preferably, the rolling roller is in an isosceles trapezoidal structure, and the bottom end is an open structure, and the width of the rolling roller gradually increases from one end connected to the second telescopic rod to the other end. The friction strip is fixed on the inner side of the rolling roller. Preferably, the friction strip is in the form of a long strip, and a plurality of the friction strips are provided. The plurality of friction strips are arranged equidistantly in an arc shape, and the overlapping diameter of the arc center axis and the swing shaft center axis is slightly smaller than the diameter of the filter screen cylinder. Preferably, a rubber strip is fixed at the bottom end of the friction strip. Furthermore, the rubber strip at the bottom of the friction strip is replaced by a concave-convex strip, the top of the concave-convex strip is fixedly connected to the bottom of the friction strip, the concave-convex strip is in a long strip structure, the bottom surface of the concave-convex strip is in a wavy structure, and the concave-convex strip is made of rubber. Furthermore, a spring is fixed on the fixing ring, one end of the spring is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the fixing ring, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the inner side of the screening box. There are multiple springs, and the multiple springs are evenly distributed on the bottom surface of the fixing ring. Beneficial Effects

[0008] 1. The thickened fixing ring, the first filter plate, the second filter plate and the third filter plate are placed at an angle, so that the peanut shells above can fall into the shell collecting box more quickly under the action of the vibration motor and wind force, thereby improving the screening efficiency.

[0009] 2. The filter holes gradually decrease from top to bottom, which can carefully screen the peanut kernels and peanut shells, helping to better separate the clean peanut kernels. At the same time, the larger filter holes on the top remove most of the large particles of impurities, reducing the burden on the small filter holes on the lower layer and reducing the possibility of clogging. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a peanut shelling and screening machine of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a peanut shelling and screening machine of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of a peanut shelling and screening machine of the present invention, which only shows the structure of the shelling component; Figure 4This is a structural schematic diagram of a peanut shelling and screening machine of the present invention, which only shows the structure of the screening component; Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a peanut shelling and screening machine of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of a peanut shelling and screening machine of the present invention, which only shows the structure of the screening component; Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a fine screening structure of a peanut shelling and screening machine of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a fine screening structure of a peanut shelling and screening machine of the present invention; Fig. 9 This is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of a fine screening structure of a peanut shelling and screening machine of the present invention; Fig.10 This is a structural schematic diagram of Example 3 of a fine screening structure of a peanut shelling and screening machine of the present invention. Attached photos

[0011] The components include: a first rotating motor (1), a support plate (2), a connecting swing arm (3), a material discharge baffle (4), a shelling box (5), a filter screen cylinder (6), a collecting channel (7), a shell collecting box (8), a connecting pipe (9), an air pump (10), a stable base (11), a support column (12), a screening box (13), a support table (14), a first telescopic rod (15), a second rotating motor (16), a swing shaft (17), a crossbeam (18), a second telescopic rod (19), a rolling rod (20), a friction strip (21), a fixing ring (22), a filter screen (23), a screen hole (24), a vibration motor (25), a supporting column (26), a base (27), a material discharge port (28), a concave-convex strip (29), a spring (30), a thickened fixing ring (31), a first filter plate (32), a second filter plate (33), a third filter plate (34), a multi-layer spring (35), a square filter hole (36), a circular filter hole (37), and an elliptical filter hole (38). DETAILED DESCRIPTION Example 1

[0012] The present invention discloses a fine screening structure of a peanut shelling and screening machine, which comprises a thickened fixing ring (31), a first filter plate (32), a second filter plate (33), a third filter plate (34) and a multi-layer spring (35). The thickened fixing ring (31) has a U-shaped structure. The thickened fixing ring (31) is composed of a bottom plate and two side plates. The thickened fixing ring (31) is arranged obliquely. The bottom surface of the thickened fixing ring (31) has opening holes at both ends. Heightening columns are fixed at both ends of the bottom plate of the thickened fixing ring (31). The bottom ends of the heightening columns have holes. The holes correspond to the pillars (12) on the peanut shelling and screening machine one by one. The holes are clamped on the corresponding pillars (12). The opening of the thickened fixing ring (31) is opposite to the collecting channel (7) on the peanut shelling and screening machine. The lowest part of the thickened fixing ring (31) is higher than the bottom end of the square transmission hole on the screening box (13) of the peanut shelling and screening machine. A group of sliding grooves are respectively formed on two opposite inner sides of the thickened fixing ring (31), and a group of the sliding grooves is provided with three. The three sliding grooves in the same group are arranged equidistantly along the height direction of the thickened fixing ring (31). The first filter plate (32) is slidably connected via a sliding groove and a thickened fixing ring (31), and a plurality of square filter holes (36) are formed on the first filter plate (32). The plurality of square filter holes (36) are evenly distributed on the first filter plate (32). The second filter plate (33) is slidably connected via a sliding groove and a thickened fixing ring (31), and a plurality of square filter holes (36) are formed on the second filter plate (33). The plurality of square filter holes (36) are evenly distributed on the second filter plate (33). The third filter plate (34) is slidably connected via a sliding groove and a thickened fixing ring (31), and the third filter plate (34) is provided with a plurality of square filter holes (36). The plurality of square filter holes (36) are evenly distributed on the third filter plate (34). Preferably, the width of the filter holes on the first filter plate (32) is greater than the width of the filter holes on the second filter plate (33), and the width of the filter holes on the second filter plate (33) is greater than the width of the filter holes on the third filter plate (34). Preferably, the filter holes on the first filter plate (32), the filter holes on the second filter plate (33), and the filter holes on the third filter plate (34) are arranged in a staggered manner. One end of the multilayer spring (35) is fixedly connected to the inner side surface of the thickened fixing ring (31), the multilayer spring (35) is provided in three groups, each group is provided with a plurality of multilayer springs (35), and the plurality of multilayer springs (35) are evenly distributed on the inner side surface of the thickened fixing ring (31), the other end of the multilayer spring (35) of the first group is fixedly connected to the first filter plate (32), the other end of the multilayer spring (35) of the second group is fixedly connected to the second filter plate (33), and the multilayer spring (35) of the third group is fixedly connected to the inner side surface of the third filter plate (34). When in use, the fine screening structure is installed on the peanut shelling and screening machine, and peanut shell fragments and peanuts leak out through the filter screen cylinder (6). When the peanuts fall from the filter screen cylinder (6) to the first filter plate (32), the air pump (10) starts to operate, generating strong wind to form suction force on the peanut fragments, and guides them into the shell collection box (8) through the collection channel (7). At the same time, the vibration motor (25) starts to act on the first filter plate (32), the second filter plate (33) and the third filter plate (34), and the peanuts and the peanut shells that have not been completely collected fall above the first filter plate (32), so that the peanuts above the first filter plate (32) and the peanuts that have not been completely collected are The peanut shells vibrate, and this vibration enables the peanuts to smoothly pass through the filter holes on the first filter plate (32), the second filter plate (33) and the third filter plate (34), and finally fall into the screening box (13). Most of the peanut shells fall into the shell collecting box (8) due to the inclination angle of the first filter plate (32) and the effect of strong wind. A small number of peanut shells and impurities may pass through the filter holes and fall onto the second filter plate (33) or even the third filter plate (34). Similarly, under the inclination of the second filter plate (33) and the third filter plate (34) and the effect of wind, they are finally sent to the shell collecting box (8), thereby achieving fine separation of the peanuts and peanut shells. Example 2

[0013] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the filter holes on the first filter plate (32), the second filter plate (33) and the third filter plate (34) are replaced with circular filter holes (37); the diameter of the circular filter holes (37) on the first filter plate (32) is larger than the diameter of the circular filter holes (37) on the second filter plate (33); the diameter of the circular filter holes (37) on the second filter plate (33) is larger than the diameter of the circular filter holes (37) on the third filter plate (34); when in use, due to the shape of the peanut kernel, when passing through the filter hole, the circular filter hole (37) is not likely to get stuck at the corner, thereby reducing the probability of clogging; and in the manufacturing process, the processing of the circular leakage hole is relatively easy; Example 3

[0014] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the filter holes on the first filter plate (32), the second filter plate (33) and the third filter plate (34) are replaced with elliptical filter holes (38); the elliptical filter holes (38) on the first filter plate (32) are larger than the elliptical filter holes (38) on the second filter plate (33); the elliptical filter holes (38) on the second filter plate (33) are larger than the elliptical filter holes (38) on the third filter plate (34); when in use, the elliptical filter holes better fit the natural curvature of the peanut kernels, thereby reducing the possibility of the peanut shells passing through the filter holes, improving the accuracy of the screening process, and ensuring the effective separation of the peanut kernels and peanut shells; The design of the heightening columns fixed at both ends of the bottom plate of the thickened fixing ring (31) enables the thickened fixing ring (31), the first filter plate (32), the second filter plate and the third filter plate (34) to be placed at an angle, so that the peanut shells above can fall into the shell collecting box (8) more quickly under the action of the vibration motor (25) and wind force, while reducing the possibility of the peanut shells entering the screening box (13); The design that the width of the filter holes on the first filter plate (32) is greater than the width of the filter holes on the second filter plate (33), and the width of the filter holes on the second filter plate (33) is greater than the width of the filter holes on the third filter plate (34) can perform a detailed screening of peanut kernels and peanut shells, which helps to better separate clean peanut kernels. At the same time, the larger filter holes on the upper side remove most of the large particle impurities, which reduces the burden on the fine filter holes on the lower layer and reduces the possibility of clogging thereof. One end of the multilayer spring (35) is fixedly connected to the inner side surface of the thickened fixing ring (31). The multilayer spring (35) is provided in three groups, and each group is provided with a plurality of multilayer springs (35). The plurality of multilayer springs (35) are evenly distributed on the inner side surface of the thickened fixing ring (31). The other end of the multilayer spring (35) of the first group is fixed to the first filter plate (32), the other end of the multilayer spring (35) of the second group is fixedly connected to the second filter plate (33), and the third group of multilayer springs (35) is fixedly connected to the inner side surface of the third filter plate (34). The use of the spring (30) ensures that the thickened fixing ring (31) maintains a relatively stable posture during the vibration process. It plays a buffering role when the thickened fixing ring (31) vibrates, which not only prolongs the service life of the fixing ring (22), but also makes the vibration more uniform and stable. The purpose of accurately separating peanut kernels and peanut shells can be achieved through multi-layer filter plates.

[0015] It should be noted that the fine screening structure needs to be installed on the following peanut shelling and screening machine for use; The present invention also relates to a peanut shelling and screening machine, which comprises a screening component and a shelling component. The screening assembly comprises a screening box (13), a discharge port (28), a support column (12), a stable base (11), a shell collecting box (8), a collecting channel (7), a connecting pipe (9), an air pump (10), a fixing ring (22), a filter (23), a sieve hole (24), a base (27), a vibration motor (25) and a support column (26). The screening box (13) is a rectangular parallelepiped structure with an open top. Preferably, the width of the screening box (13) gradually increases from the bottom to the quarter, and the bottom of the screening box (13) is a flat structure. The screening box (13) has a discharge port (28) at the middle of the bottom end. The screening box (13) has a plurality of holes on its inclined side, and the holes correspond to the four corners of the screening box (13) one by one. The side of the middle of the support (12) is fixedly connected to the side of the hole of the screening box (13), and the support (12) is provided in plurality, and the plurality of support (12) and the four corners of the screening box (13) correspond one to one. The stable base (11) is fixedly placed at the bottom end of the pillar (12), and a plurality of the stable bases (11) are provided, and the stable bases (11) and the pillars (12) correspond one to one. Preferably, the diameter of the stable base (11) is greater than the diameter of the support (12), and a non-slip rubber pad is provided on the bottom surface of the stable base (11). A square transmission hole is provided on one side of the screening box (13) near the top. The shell collecting box (8) is a rectangular parallelepiped structure with a hollow structure. A square transmission hole is opened on one side of the shell collecting box (8) near the top. The transmission holes on the screening box (13) and the shell collecting box (8) are opposite to each other and have the same size. The height of the transmission hole on the screening box (13) is higher than the height of the transmission hole on the shell collecting box (8). The shell collecting box (8) has a cleaning door on one side, and the side is adjacent to the side with the square transmission hole. One end of the collecting channel (7) is connected to the side of the screening box (13) and corresponds to the transmission hole on the screening box (13); the other end of the collecting channel (7) is connected to the side of the shell collecting box (8) and corresponds to the transmission hole on the shell collecting box (8); the screening box (13) is connected to the shell collecting box (8) through the collecting channel (7); the collecting channel (7) extends obliquely downward from one end connected to the screening box (13) to one end connected to the shell collecting box (8); One end of the connecting pipe (9) is fixedly placed on the side of the shell collecting box (8), and the side is opposite to the side where the transmission hole is located on the shell collecting box (8). The connecting pipe (9) is connected to the inside of the shell collecting box (8). A protective net is placed on one end of the connecting pipe (9). The vacuum pump (10) is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting pipe (9). The fixing ring (22) is placed inside the screening box (13), and the fixing ring (22) is fixedly connected to the top of the support (12), and the four corners of the support (12) and the fixing ring (22) correspond one to one. Preferably, the fixing ring (22) is in a square frame structure, and the height of the fixing ring (22) is lower than the height of the bottom end of the square transmission hole on the screening box (13). The leakage net (23) is fixed on the fixing ring (22). The leakage net (23) has a plurality of sieve holes (24), and the plurality of sieve holes (24) are evenly distributed on the leakage net (23). The base (27) is fixedly placed on the inner side of the screening box (13). The vibration motor (25) is fixed on the base (27) and is in contact with the leakage screen (23). The bottom end of the support column (26) is fixed on the base (27), and the top end is in contact with the drain net (23). The shelling assembly comprises a support platform (14), a first telescopic rod (15), a support plate (2), a first rotating motor (1), a second rotating motor (16), a shelling box (5), a filter screen cylinder (6), a connecting swing arm (3), a material discharge baffle (4), a swing shaft (17), a second telescopic rod (19), a crossbeam (18), a rolling rod (20) and a friction strip (21). The support platform (14) is fixedly placed on the top surface of the screening box (13), and has a width greater than the width from the inner side surface to the outer side surface of the screening box (13). There are two support platforms (14), and the two support platforms (14) are symmetrically arranged with respect to the screening box (13). One end of the first telescopic rod (15) is fixedly placed on the support platform (14), and the first telescopic rod (15) and the support platform (14) correspond one to one. The support plate (2) is fixedly placed on the other end of the first telescopic rod (15), and two support plates (2) are provided. The support plates (2) and the first telescopic rods (15) correspond one to one. The first rotating motor (1) is fixedly placed on one support plate (2), and the second rotating motor (16) is fixedly placed on another support plate (2), wherein the central axes of the motor shafts of the first rotating motor (1) and the second rotating motor (16) are on the same straight line. The two ends of the shelling box (5) are respectively fixedly connected to the support plate (2). The shelling box (5) is a transverse cylindrical structure, and the center axis of the shelling box (5) and the motor shaft of the first rotating motor (1) are on the same straight line. Preferably, the shelling box (5) is an open structure from the bottom to one-half, and a feed inlet is opened on one side of the shelling box (5) from the top to one-third of the height. The shelling box (5) is fixed with a filter screen cylinder (6) from the bottom end to the opening at halfway point. Preferably, the filter sieve cylinder (6) is of an arched structure, and a plurality of filter holes are formed on the filter sieve cylinder (6). The filter holes are provided in a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of filter holes are arranged equidistantly along the circumference of the filter sieve cylinder (6). Each group of filter holes is provided with a plurality of filter holes, and the plurality of filter holes are arranged equidistantly along the length direction of the filter sieve cylinder (6). One end of the connecting swing arm (3) is fixedly connected to the motor shaft of the first rotating motor (1). The discharge baffle plate (4) is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting swing arm (3). Preferably, the discharge baffle (4) is of an arc-shaped structure, and the inner annular surface diameter of the discharge baffle (4) is slightly larger than the outer surface diameter of the shelling box (5), the length of the discharge baffle (4) is slightly larger than the length of the shelling box (5), and the arc length of the discharge baffle (4) is larger than the arc length of the upper opening of the shelling box (5). One end of the swing shaft (17) is rotatably connected to the shelling box (5), the other end of the swing shaft (17) passes through the other end of the shelling box (5) and is fixedly connected to the motor shaft of the second rotating motor (16), and a support bearing is arranged between the swing shaft and the shelling box (5). One end of the second telescopic rod (19) is fixedly connected to the side of the swing shaft (17). Preferably, two second telescopic rods (19) are provided, and the two second telescopic rods (19) are arranged along the length direction of the swing shaft (17) and are symmetrically arranged with respect to the shelling box (5). Both ends of the crossbeam (18) are fixedly connected to the side surfaces of the second telescopic rod (19). The top surface of the rolling rod (20) is fixedly connected to the other end of the second telescopic rod (19). Preferably, the rolling rod (20) is in an isosceles trapezoidal structure and has an open bottom end. The width of the rolling rod (20) gradually increases from one end connected to the second telescopic rod (19) to the other end. The friction strip (21) is fixedly placed on the inner side of the rolling roller (20). Preferably, the friction strip (21) is in the form of an elongated strip, a plurality of the friction strips (21) are provided, the plurality of friction strips (21) are arranged equidistantly in an arc shape, and the coincident diameter of the central axis of the arc and the central axis of the swing shaft (17) is slightly smaller than the diameter of the filter screen cylinder (6). Preferably, a rubber strip is fixedly disposed at the bottom end of the friction strip (21). When in use, peanuts are poured into the shelling box (5) through the feed port above the shelling box (5), and the peanuts fall onto the filter screen cylinder (6). The first rotating motor (1) is started, and the connecting swing arm (3) and the discharge baffle (4) rotate accordingly, so that the discharge baffle (4) can seal the gap above the shelling box (5). Then, the second telescopic rod (19) is driven to make the crushing rod (20) and the friction strip (21) above extend and retract along the direction of the second telescopic rod (19), so as to squeeze the peanuts on the filter screen cylinder (6) and achieve the initial crushing. Then, the second rotating motor (16) is started to rotate the swing shaft (17), and the plurality of friction strips (21) rotate around the shaft to knead the peanuts again so that they are completely shelled. The up and down movement of the friction strips (21) and the rotation around the swing shaft (17) The rotation is intermittent, and peanut shell fragments and peanuts leak out through the filter screen cylinder (6) and fall onto the top of the leakage net (23). At the same time, the first telescopic rod (15) drives the shelling box (5) and the internal structure to rise and fall, so that the peanuts and fragments stuck in the gap on the filter screen cylinder (6) can fall off. In the process of the peanuts falling from the filter screen cylinder (6) to the leakage net (23), the suction pump (10) starts to operate, generating strong wind to form suction force on the peanut fragments, and guides them into the shell collection box (8) through the collection channel (7), while the peanuts fall on the leakage net (23), pass through the screen hole (24) and finally gather at the discharge port (28). At the same time, the vibration motor (25) vibrates the leakage net (23), causing the peanut shell fragments and peanuts to vibrate, thereby assisting the screening process; Example 2

[0016] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the rubber strip at the bottom end of the friction strip (21) is replaced by a concave-convex strip (29), the top end of the concave-convex strip (29) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the friction strip (21), the concave-convex strip (29) is in a long strip structure, the bottom surface of the concave-convex strip (29) is in a wavy structure, and the concave-convex strip (29) is made of rubber. When in use, during the process of crushing peanuts, the crushing efficiency can be significantly improved by increasing the contact area with the peanuts; Example 3

[0017] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that a spring (30) is fixedly mounted on the fixing ring (22), one end of the spring (30) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the fixing ring (22), and the other end of the spring (30) is fixedly connected to the inner side surface of the screening box (13). A plurality of springs (30) are provided. When the plurality of springs (30) are evenly distributed on the bottom surface of the fixing ring (22), the use of the spring (30) ensures that the fixing ring (22) maintains a relatively stable posture during the vibration process. The spring (30) plays a buffering role when the fixing ring (22) vibrates, which not only prolongs the service life of the fixing ring (22), but also makes the vibration more uniform and stable. The screening box (13) is in a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the top end is an open structure design, which enables the screening box (13) to have a large capacity and to accommodate a large number of peanuts for screening. At the same time, the open structure facilitates observation of the internal conditions and cleaning and maintenance. The width of the screening box (13) gradually increases from the bottom to the quarter, and a discharge port (28) is provided in the middle of the bottom of the screening box (13), so that the screened peanuts can be discharged smoothly to avoid accumulation in the screening box (13). At the same time, water can flow out along the slope during cleaning, so that the peanuts are rinsed clean without leaving any dead corners, thereby maintaining internal hygiene; The screening box (13) is connected to the shell collecting box (8) through the collecting channel (7); the collecting channel (7) extends obliquely downward from one end connected to the screening box (13) to one end connected to the shell collecting box (8); a protective net is provided at one end of the connecting pipe (9); the vacuum pump (10) has the same design as the shell collecting box (8) through the connecting pipe (9); and can generate negative pressure during the screening process to suck the peanut shells into the shell collecting box (8), thereby improving the screening efficiency and preventing peanut debris from being sucked into the vacuum pump (10), thereby reducing the frequency of equipment failure and maintenance, thereby reducing maintenance costs; The vibration motor (25) is fixedly placed on the base (27) and is in contact with the screen (23), so that the screen (23) can be vibrated, thereby helping the screening process to be carried out more efficiently; The bottom end of the support column (26) is fixedly placed on the base (27), and the top end is in contact with the filter screen (23), so that the filter screen (23) can remain stable during the vibration process and avoid damage due to excessive vibration; The design of placing the first telescopic rod (15) between the support platform (14) and the support plate (2) enables the shelling assembly to swing up and down, thereby allowing the peanuts and debris stuck in the gaps on the filter screen cylinder (6) to fall off; The discharge baffle (4) is of an arc-shaped structure, and the inner ring surface diameter of the discharge baffle (4) is slightly larger than the outer surface diameter of the shelling box (5), the length of the discharge baffle (4) is slightly larger than the length of the shelling box (5), and the arc length of the discharge baffle (4) is larger than the arc length of the upper opening of the shelling box (5). The design can seal the feed opening of the shelling box (5) and ensure that the peanuts and peanut shell fragments are effectively blocked inside the shelling box (5) during the lifting and lowering process of the shelling assembly, thereby reducing the loss of materials; The design that one end of the second telescopic rod (19) is fixedly connected to the side of the swing shaft (17) and the other end is fixedly connected to the crushing rod (20) can accurately control the telescopic distance and speed of the second telescopic rod (19), so that the friction strip (21) moves up and down to initially crush the peanuts, thereby ensuring that the peanuts are shelled while reducing damage to the peanut kernels; A plurality of friction strips (21) are provided, and the plurality of friction strips (21) are arranged equidistantly in an arc shape, and the design that the overlapping diameter of the arc center axis and the swing axis (17) center axis is slightly smaller than the diameter of the filter screen cylinder (6) can help increase the contact area with the peanuts, so that the peanuts are subjected to uniform pressure during the shelling process, thereby improving the shelling effect; The design of a rubber strip fixedly disposed at the bottom end of the friction strip (21) enables the friction strip (21) to have a certain buffering effect during the kneading process, thereby reducing damage to the peanut kernels; The purpose of squeezing and crushing the peanut shells by the shelling component and collecting the peanut shells and peanuts separately by the screening component is achieved.

[0018] It should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "placed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection method such as a folding connection, a rivet connection, a pin connection, a bonding connection and a welding connection, or a detachable connection method such as a threaded connection, a snap connection and a hinge connection, or an integral connection, or an electrical connection, or a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal connection of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A fine screening structure of a peanut shelling and screening machine, characterized by: The invention comprises a thickened fixing ring, a first filter plate, a second filter plate, a third filter plate and a multi-layer spring, wherein the thickened fixing ring comprises a bottom plate and two side plates, and holes are opened at both ends of the bottom surface of the thickened fixing ring, and heightened columns are fixedly arranged at both ends of the bottom plate of the thickened fixing ring, and holes are opened at the bottom ends of the heightened columns, and the holes correspond to the pillars on the peanut shelling and screening machine one by one, and the holes are clamped on the corresponding pillars, and the opening of the thickened fixing ring is opposite to the collecting channel on the peanut shelling and screening machine, and a group of sliding grooves are respectively opened on the two opposite inner sides of the thickened fixing ring, and the first filter plate is slidably connected to the thickened fixing ring through the sliding groove, and a plurality of square filter holes are opened on the first filter plate, and the second filter plate is slidably connected to the thickened fixing ring through the sliding groove, and a plurality of square filter holes are opened on the second filter plate, and the third filter plate is slidably connected to the thickened fixing ring through the sliding groove, and a plurality of square filter holes are opened on the third filter plate, and one end of the multi-layer spring is fixedly connected to the inner side surface of the thickened fixing ring.

2. A fine screening structure of a peanut shelling and screening machine according to claim 1, characterized in that The filter holes on the first filter plate, the second filter plate, and the third filter plate are replaced with circular filter holes. The diameter of the circular filter holes on the first filter plate is larger than that on the second filter plate, and the diameter of the circular filter holes on the second filter plate is larger than that on the third filter plate.

3. A fine screening structure of a peanut shelling and screening machine according to claim 1, characterized in that The filter holes on the first filter plate, the second filter plate, and the third filter plate are replaced with elliptical filter holes. The elliptical filter holes on the first filter plate are larger than the elliptical filter holes on the second filter plate, and the elliptical filter holes on the second filter plate are larger than the elliptical filter holes on the third filter plate.

4. A fine screening structure of a peanut shelling and screening machine according to claim 1, characterized in that The thickened fixing ring is in a U-shaped structure and is arranged obliquely.

5. The fine screening structure of a peanut shelling and screening machine according to claim 1, characterized in that The lowest part of the thickened fixing ring is located at a height higher than the bottom end of the square transmission hole on the screening box of the peanut shelling and screening machine.

6. The fine screening structure of a peanut shelling and screening machine according to claim 1, characterized in that A group of the sliding grooves is provided with three, and the three sliding grooves in the same group are arranged equidistantly along the height direction of the thickened fixing ring.

7. The fine screening structure of a peanut shelling and screening machine according to claim 1, characterized in that A plurality of the square filter holes are evenly distributed on the first filter plate, a plurality of the square filter holes are evenly distributed on the second filter plate, and a plurality of the square filter holes are evenly distributed on the third filter plate.

8. The fine screening structure of a peanut shelling and screening machine according to claim 7, characterized in that The filter holes on the first filter plate have a width greater than that on the second filter plate, the filter holes on the second filter plate have a width greater than that on the third filter plate, and the filter holes on the first filter plate, the second filter plate, and the third filter plate are arranged alternately.

9. The fine screening structure of a peanut shelling and screening machine according to claim 1, characterized in that The multi-layer springs are provided in three groups, each group is provided with a plurality of multi-layer springs, and the plurality of multi-layer springs are evenly distributed on the inner side of the thickened fixing ring. The other end of the multi-layer springs in the first group is fixed to the first filter plate, the other end of the multi-layer springs in the second group is fixedly connected to the second filter plate, and the multi-layer springs in the third group are fixedly connected to the inner side of the third filter plate.

10. The fine screening structure of a peanut shelling and screening machine according to claim 1, characterized in that The peanut shelling and screening machine is composed of a screening component and a shelling component. The screening component is composed of a screening box, a discharge port, a support, a stable base, a shelling box, a collecting channel, a connecting pipe, an air pump, a fixing ring, a leakage net, a screen hole, a base, a vibration motor and a supporting column. The screening box is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the top is an open structure. The width of the screening box gradually increases from the bottom to a quarter. The bottom end of the screening box is a plane structure. The middle part of the bottom end of the screening box is provided with a discharge port. The inclined side of the screening box is provided with holes. There are multiple holes, which correspond to the four corners of the screening box one by one. The side of the middle part of the support is fixedly connected to the side of the hole of the screening box. There are multiple supports, and the multiple supports correspond to the four corners of the screening box one by one. The stable base is fixedly placed at the bottom of the support. The stable base is provided with multiple ones, the stable base and the pillars correspond one to one, the diameter of the stable base is larger than the diameter of the pillars, the bottom surface of the stable base is provided with a non-slip rubber pad, a side surface of the screening box is provided with a square transmission hole near the top, the shell collecting box is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and is a hollow structure, a side surface of the shell collecting box is provided with a square transmission hole near the top, the screening box and the transmission holes on the shell collecting box are opposite, and have the same size, the transmission hole on the screening box is higher than the transmission hole on the shell collecting box, a cleaning door is provided on one side surface of the shell collecting box, and the side surface is adjacent to the side surface with the square transmission hole, one end of the collecting channel is connected to the side surface of the screening box, and corresponds to the transmission hole on the screening box, the other end of the collecting channel is connected to the side surface of the shell collecting box, and is connected to the collecting box The transmission hole on the shell box corresponds to the transmission hole on the shell box, the screening box is connected to the shell collection box through the collection channel, the collection channel extends obliquely downward from one end connected to the screening box to the other end connected to the shell collection box, one end of the connecting pipe is fixedly placed on the side of the shell collection box, and the side is opposite to the side where the transmission hole on the shell collection box is located, the connecting pipe is connected to the inside of the shell collection box, one end of the connecting pipe is provided with a protective net, the air pump and the other end of the connecting pipe are fixedly connected, the fixing ring is placed inside the screening box, the fixing ring is fixedly connected to the top of the pillar, the pillar and the fixing ring have four corners corresponding to each other, the fixing ring is a square frame structure, the height of the fixing ring is lower than the bottom end height of the square transmission hole on the screening box, the leakage net is fixedly placed on the fixing ring, a plurality of sieve holes are opened on the leakage net, and the plurality of sieve holes are evenly distributed on the leakage net, the base The shelling assembly is composed of a support platform, a first telescopic rod, a support plate, a first rotating motor, a second rotating motor, a shelling box, a filter screen, a connecting swing arm, a discharge baffle, a swing shaft, a second telescopic rod, a crossbeam, a rolling roller and a friction strip. The support platform is fixed on the top surface of the screening box, and its width is greater than the width of the inner side of the screening box from the outer side. Two support platforms are provided, and the two support platforms are symmetrically arranged with respect to the screening box. One end of the first telescopic rod is fixed on the support platform, and the first telescopic rod corresponds to the support platform one by one. The support plate is fixed on the other end of the first telescopic rod, and the support plate is provided with two.The support plate and the first telescopic rod correspond to each other one by one, the first rotating motor is fixed on one support plate, the second rotating motor is fixed on the other support plate, the central axes of the motor shafts of the first rotating motor and the second rotating motor are on the same straight line, the two ends of the shelling box are respectively fixedly connected to the support plate, the shelling box is a transverse cylindrical structure, the central axes of the shelling box and the motor shaft of the first rotating motor are on the same straight line, the shelling box is an open structure from the bottom to one-half, and a feed port is opened on one side of the shelling box from the top to one-third of the height. A filter screen is fixedly arranged at the opening from the bottom to the half of the shelling box. The filter screen is in an arched structure. A plurality of filter holes are opened on the filter screen. The filter holes are arranged in a plurality of groups. The plurality of groups of filter holes are arranged equidistantly along the circumference of the filter screen. Each group of filter holes is provided with a plurality of filter holes. The plurality of filter holes are arranged equidistantly along the length direction of the filter screen. One end of the connecting swing arm is fixedly connected to the motor shaft of the first rotating motor. The discharge baffle is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting swing arm. The discharge baffle is in an arc structure, and the inner annular surface diameter of the discharge baffle The shelling box is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the shelling box, the length of the discharge baffle is slightly larger than the length of the shelling box, and the arc length of the discharge baffle is greater than the arc length of the upper opening of the shelling box, one end of the swing shaft is rotatably connected to the shelling box, the other end of the swing shaft passes through the other end of the shelling box and is fixedly connected to the motor shaft of the second rotating motor, and a supporting bearing is arranged between the shelling box, one end of the second telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the side of the swing shaft, two second telescopic rods are provided, and the two second telescopic rods are arranged along the length direction of the swing shaft and are symmetrically arranged with respect to the shelling box, and the two ends of the crossbeam are respectively The rolling rod is fixedly connected to the side of the second telescopic rod, and the top surface of the rolling rod is fixedly connected to the other end of the second telescopic rod. The rolling rod is an isosceles trapezoidal structure, and the bottom end is an open structure. The width of the rolling rod gradually increases from one end connected to the second telescopic rod to the other end. The friction strip is fixed on the inner side of the rolling rod. The friction strip is a long strip structure. There are multiple friction strips. The multiple friction strips are arranged in an arc with equal distances, and the overlapping diameter of the arc center axis and the swing axis center axis is slightly smaller than the diameter of the filter screen cylinder. A rubber strip is fixed at the bottom of the friction strip.

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