A laser processing device and method for cracking groove of expansion-fragmented connecting rod

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device and method for laser processing a cracking groove of a broken connecting rod, and relates to the field of laser processing technology. One of the devices for laser processing a cracking groove of a broken connecting rod comprises: a base, a double-station mechanism, two connecting rod positioning mechanisms, a laser head motion mechanism, a laser head, and a clamping mechanism. The present invention drives the two stations to switch back and forth between the loading and unloading position and the laser processing position through the double-station mechanism, so that the processing time overlaps with the loading and unloading time. When the connecting rod on one station is undergoing laser processing of the cracking groove, the other station can complete the loading and unloading operation at the same time, thereby greatly improving the processing efficiency; the movement of the laser head is controlled by the laser head motion mechanism, and then the laser head motion mechanism can control the laser head to complete the processing of the connecting rod cracking groove according to the set path. The structure is simple and the operation is convenient, which can effectively reduce the production cost and the difficulty of operation, and reduce the equipment footprint.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser processing, and in particular to a laser processing device and method for a cracking groove of a fractured connecting rod. Background Art

[0002] An engine connecting rod consists of two main components, a connecting rod body and a connecting rod cap, connected by bolts. It connects the crankshaft and piston in the engine, converting the piston's reciprocating motion into rotational motion. Its machining precision and strength are crucial to engine performance. Currently, the latest technology in connecting rod manufacturing is the expansion-fracture connecting rod processing. Compared to traditional split-piece connecting rod manufacturing, this technology leverages the naturally formed, jagged three-dimensional morphology of the expansion section to achieve a precise fit between the connecting rod body and the connecting rod cap. This effectively improves the connecting rod's load-bearing capacity, shear resistance, and stability, while reducing the number of manufacturing steps and costs. The expansion-fracture connecting rod manufacturing principle involves first machining two symmetrical cracking grooves in the inner wall of the connecting rod's big end hole (with the line connecting the two cracking grooves passing through the center of the big end hole) to create a stress concentration effect. Then, a load is applied to the big end hole perpendicular to the pre-set expansion section, causing cracks to initiate at the bottom of the cracking grooves and propagate along the pre-set expansion section, splitting the connecting rod into the connecting rod body and connecting rod cap without deforming it.

[0003] The manufacturing process for a fractured connecting rod generally includes rough grinding of the connecting rod body's side surfaces, semi-finish boring of the large and small head holes, and fine boring of the small head holes, drilling and tapping of bolt holes and oil channel holes, cleaning, machining of the cracking groove, directional cracking, bolt assembly, pressing of the small head bushing, and bushing finishing, finishing of the side surfaces, finishing of the large and small head holes, honing of the large and small head holes, cleaning, and final inspection. Fracture groove machining is a key process in fractured connecting rod manufacturing. Compared to mechanical machining and wire-cutting fracture groove machining, laser machining offers advantages such as narrow kerf, high speed, pollution-free operation, and excellent stability. It has become a trend in fractured connecting rod manufacturing and holds broad application prospects. Currently, both domestic and international laser fracture groove machining technologies use multi-degree-of-freedom robotic arms or multi-axis motion platforms to control the laser head's machining path. These technologies present challenges such as high equipment cost, complex operation and programming, and large footprint. Furthermore, the commonly used single-station laser fracture groove machining equipment requires additional loading time (i.e., processing time and loading time do not overlap), resulting in low processing efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to invent a laser processing device and method for the cracking groove of the expanded connecting rod with a simple structure and easy operation, so as to reduce production costs and operating difficulty, reduce the equipment footprint, and improve processing efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a laser processing device and method for a cracking groove of a broken connecting rod to solve the problems pointed out in the background technology.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows:

[0007] A device for laser processing a cracking groove in a fractured connecting rod comprises: a base, a dual-station mechanism disposed on the base, connecting rod positioning mechanisms disposed at two stations of the dual-station mechanism, a laser head motion mechanism disposed on the base and corresponding to the dual-station mechanism, a laser head disposed at a movable end of the laser head motion mechanism, and a clamping mechanism disposed on the laser head motion mechanism and used to clamp the connecting rod;

[0008] The double-station mechanism drives the two stations to switch back and forth between the loading and unloading position and the laser processing position. The clamping mechanism clamps the connecting rod on the connecting rod positioning mechanism at the laser processing position, and drives the laser head through the laser head movement mechanism to perform cracking groove processing on the clamped connecting rod.

[0009] Furthermore, the above-mentioned double-station mechanism includes a first bracket arranged on the top of the base, a top plate arranged on the top of the first bracket, a first motor arranged on the top of the base and below the top plate, a first synchronous pulley connected to the output shaft of the first motor, a second synchronous pulley rotatably connected to the bottom of the top plate and corresponding to the first synchronous pulley, a synchronous belt transmission connected between the first synchronous pulley and the second synchronous pulley, a first station slidably arranged on the top plate and connected to one side of the synchronous belt, and a second station slidably arranged on the top plate and connected to the other side of the synchronous belt, and a connecting rod positioning mechanism is respectively provided on the first station and the second station.

[0010] Furthermore, a first station X-axis through groove parallel to and corresponding to one side of the synchronous belt is formed on the top plate, and a first station Y-axis guide groove adjacent to the first station X-axis through groove and in an X-shaped structure is formed on the top plate;

[0011] The first workstation includes a first workstation panel arranged parallel to the top plate, a first workstation X-axis guide rail arranged on the top of the top plate and parallel to the first workstation X-axis through slot, a first workstation X-axis slider slidably connected to the first workstation X-axis guide rail, a first workstation connecting plate arranged on the top of the first workstation X-axis slider, a first workstation connecting block arranged at the bottom of the first workstation connecting plate, a first workstation Y-axis guide rail arranged at the bottom of the first workstation panel, a first workstation Y-axis slider slidably arranged on the first workstation Y-axis guide rail and connected to the top of the first workstation connecting plate, and a first workstation guide wheel arranged at the bottom of the first workstation panel and matched with the first workstation Y-axis guide slot, and the bottom end of the first workstation connecting block passes through the first workstation X-axis through slot and is matched with one side of the synchronous belt.

[0012] Furthermore, the top plate is provided with a second station X-axis through groove parallel to and corresponding to the other side of the synchronous belt, and the top plate is provided with a second station Y-axis guide groove adjacent to the second station X-axis through groove and in an X-shaped structure, and the first station X-axis through groove and the first station Y-axis guide groove are symmetrical with the second station X-axis through groove and the second station Y-axis guide groove;

[0013] The second workstation includes a second workstation panel arranged parallel to the top plate, a second workstation X-axis guide rail arranged on the top of the top plate and parallel to the second workstation X-axis through slot, a second workstation X-axis slider slidably connected to the second workstation X-axis guide rail, a second workstation connecting plate arranged on the top of the second workstation X-axis slider, a second workstation connecting block arranged at the bottom of the second workstation connecting plate, a second workstation Y-axis guide rail arranged at the bottom of the second workstation panel, a second workstation Y-axis slider slidably arranged on the second workstation Y-axis guide rail and connected to the top of the second workstation connecting plate, and a second workstation guide wheel arranged at the bottom of the second workstation panel and matched with the second workstation Y-axis guide slot, the bottom end of the second workstation connecting block passes through the second workstation X-axis through slot and is matched with the other side of the synchronous belt.

[0014] Furthermore, the above-mentioned connecting rod positioning mechanism includes a small-head hole positioning pin and a large-head hole positioning block. The top of the first workstation panel and the top of the second workstation panel are both provided with a small-head hole positioning pin and a large-head hole positioning block, and the large-head hole positioning block corresponds to the clamping mechanism.

[0015] Furthermore, the laser head movement mechanism includes a second bracket arranged on the top of the base and corresponding to the first bracket, a third bracket arranged on the top of the second bracket, two first supports arranged on the middle platform of the third bracket, a first rotating shaft rotatably connected between the two first supports, a second motor arranged on the middle platform and matched with the first rotating shaft, two second supports arranged on the top platform of the third bracket, a second rotating shaft slidably arranged between the two second supports, an angular connecting rod rotatably connected to the second rotating shaft, a cylindrical cam assembly vertically arranged on a side of the third bracket facing the first bracket and rotatably matched with one end of the angular connecting rod, a disc cam arranged on the outer wall of the first rotating shaft and slidably matched with the other end of the angular connecting rod, and a dial arranged on the outer wall of the first rotating shaft and used to drive the cylindrical cam assembly to rotate, and the laser head is arranged on the cylindrical cam assembly and corresponds to the connecting rod at the laser processing position;

[0016] The second motor drives the disc cam and the dial to rotate through the first shaft. The dial drives the cylindrical cam assembly to rotate 180° forward / 180° reverse. The disc cam drives the cylindrical cam assembly to move up and down through the angular connecting rod, and enables the laser head to rotate 180° forward / reverse and move up and down. Finally, the laser head is used to process the cracking groove on the connecting rod.

[0017] Furthermore, the cylindrical cam assembly includes a support plate laterally arranged at the middle of a side of the third bracket facing the first bracket, a camshaft vertically arranged and corresponding to the connecting rod at the laser processing position, a connecting ring pin sleeved on the top outer wall of the camshaft and rotatably engaged with one end of the angular connecting rod, a locking pin passing through the top of the camshaft and used for axially limiting the connecting ring pin, a cylindrical cam slidably arranged on the camshaft, and a bearing sleeved on the bottom outer wall of the camshaft and located below the cylindrical cam, the cylindrical cam being rotatably connected to the support plate via the bearing, and an avoidance groove being provided on the support plate to facilitate movement and rotation of the camshaft;

[0018] The dial includes a fixing ring annularly arranged on the outer wall of the first rotating shaft, two stop rods symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the fixing ring, and two shifting rods symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the fixing ring, and the two stop rods and the two shifting rods are distributed in a cross shape;

[0019] The first U-shaped groove and the third U-shaped groove are symmetrically opened on both sides of the top of the cylindrical cam, and the second U-shaped groove and the fourth U-shaped groove are symmetrically opened on both sides of the bottom of the cylindrical cam. The first U-shaped groove corresponds to the second U-shaped groove, and the third U-shaped groove corresponds to the fourth U-shaped groove. The outer wall of the cylindrical cam is provided with a first guide groove from the first U-shaped groove to the fourth U-shaped groove, and the outer wall of the cylindrical cam is provided with a second guide groove intersecting with the first guide groove from the third U-shaped groove to the second U-shaped groove. The first U-shaped groove corresponds to the stop rod and the shift rod.

[0020] Furthermore, a limiting protrusion is provided on the camshaft along the axial direction, and a sliding groove matching the limiting protrusion is provided on the inner wall of the cylindrical cam along the axial direction;

[0021] A guide groove is provided on the disc cam, and a guide rod matching the guide groove is provided at the end of the angular connecting rod.

[0022] Furthermore, it also includes a laser focusing mechanism;

[0023] The laser focusing mechanism includes a connecting block disposed at the bottom of the camshaft, a focusing guide rail disposed at the bottom of the connecting block, a focusing slider slidably disposed on the focusing guide rail, and a locking bolt disposed on the side wall of the focusing slider and used to tighten the focusing guide rail. The laser head is vertically disposed at the bottom of the focusing slider and corresponds to the connecting rod at the laser processing position.

[0024] A light exit hole is provided on one side of the bottom of the laser head. The axis of the light exit hole is in the same plane as the axis of the focusing guide rail, and when the laser head is not rotating, the axis of the light exit hole is parallel to the Y axis.

[0025] The present invention also provides a laser processing method for a cracking groove of a broken connecting rod, comprising the following steps:

[0026] S1. Set the initial position of the laser processing device for the cracking groove of the expanded and broken connecting rod: start the first motor on the double-station mechanism, and make the first station be in the laser processing position, and the second station be in the loading and unloading position, and set this state as the initial position of the double-station mechanism; when the clamping mechanism does not clamp the connecting rod, set it to the initial position of the clamping mechanism; start the second motor on the laser head movement mechanism, and make the guide rod on the angular connecting rod be at 0° of the guide groove on the disc cam, and at the same time make the stop rod on the dial be at the entrance of the first U-shaped groove of the cylindrical cam, and set this state as the initial position of the laser head movement mechanism; further adjust the required focal length of the laser head for cracking groove processing on the connecting rod, and set the laser parameters as needed;

[0027] S2. Loading the connecting rod to be processed at the first station: placing the connecting rod to be processed at the first station and positioning it by the connecting rod positioning mechanism;

[0028] S3. The first station and the second station are interchanged: the first motor is started to rotate forward, and the first station is moved to the laser processing position, and the second station is moved to the loading and unloading position. After the two stations are in place, the first motor stops rotating, and the connecting rod to be processed on the first station is clamped by the clamping mechanism;

[0029] S4: Laser process the connecting rod to be processed on the first station, and reset the clamping mechanism after the processing is completed; at the same time, place the next connecting rod to be processed on the second station, and position the connecting rod to be processed by the connecting rod positioning mechanism;

[0030] S5. The first station and the second station are interchanged: the first motor is started to rotate in the reverse direction, and the first station is moved to the loading and unloading position, and the second station is moved to the laser processing position. After the two stations are in place, the first motor stops rotating, and the connecting rod to be processed on the second station is clamped by the clamping mechanism;

[0031] S6. Laser process the connecting rod to be processed on the second station. After the processing is completed, the clamping mechanism is reset; the processed connecting rod of the first station is further unloaded, and the first station is reloaded;

[0032] S7, the first station and the second station are exchanged, and the connecting rod to be processed on the first station is clamped by a clamping mechanism;

[0033] S8. Repeat steps S4 to S7 to perform loading, cracking groove laser processing and unloading on the remaining connecting rods to be processed.

[0034] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] 1. The present invention sets up a double-station mechanism, cooperates with the first motor, the first synchronous pulley, the second synchronous pulley, the synchronous belt, the first station and the second station, and positions the connecting rod through the connecting rod positioning mechanism, so that the first station and the second station can switch back and forth between the loading and unloading position and the laser processing position, so that the processing time overlaps with the loading and unloading time. When the connecting rod on one station is performing cracking groove laser processing, the other station can complete the loading and unloading operations at the same time, thereby greatly improving the processing efficiency.

[0036] 2. The present invention sets up a laser head motion mechanism, and realizes the forward 180° rotation and reverse 180° rotation of the cylindrical cam through the cooperation of the dial and the cylindrical cam assembly. The up and down movement of the laser head is controlled by the cooperation of the disc cam, the angular connecting rod and the cylindrical cam assembly, so that the laser head motion mechanism can control the laser head to complete the processing of the connecting rod cracking groove according to the set path, and replace the existing multi-degree-of-freedom manipulator or multi-axis motion platform to control the processing path of the laser head. It has the advantages of simple structure and easy operation, can effectively reduce production costs and operating difficulty, and reduce the equipment footprint.

[0037] 3. The present invention sets a connecting rod positioning mechanism, and the small-head hole positioning pin and the large-head hole positioning block on the connecting rod positioning mechanism can be replaced to adapt to the positioning of connecting rods of different models; by adjusting the stroke of the cylinder in the clamping mechanism, it can be used to clamp connecting rods of different models.

[0038] 4. The present invention sets a laser focusing mechanism, slides the focusing slider on the focusing guide rail, and locks the focusing slider on the focusing guide rail through a locking nut, so as to adjust the distance between the light outlet hole on the laser head and the inner wall surface of the large end hole of the connecting rod, thereby adjusting the focal length of the laser processed cracking groove; and by adjusting the speed of the second motor on the laser head movement mechanism, the movement speed of the laser head can be adjusted, thereby being able to adapt to the laser processing of cracking grooves of different models of connecting rods, and having strong versatility. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser processing device for the cracking groove of the expansion-fragmented connecting rod;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the double-station mechanism;

[0041] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the double-station mechanism;

[0042] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the double-station mechanism;

[0043] Figure 5 is a structural diagram of the top plate;

[0044] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the working principle of the double-station mechanism;

[0045] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the small head hole positioning pin;

[0046] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the large head hole positioning block;

[0047] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the connecting rod structure;

[0048] Figure 10 It is a partial structural diagram of the laser head motion mechanism;

[0049] Figure 11 is a structural diagram of the second support;

[0050] Figure 12 It is a structural diagram of the angle connecting rod;

[0051] Figure 13 It is a structural diagram of a disc cam;

[0052] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the structure of the dial;

[0053] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the structure of the cylindrical cam assembly;

[0054] Figure 16 It is a structural diagram of a cylindrical cam;

[0055] Figure 17 is a structural schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism on the second bracket;

[0056] Figure 18 This is a graph showing the relationship between the Z-axis displacement of the laser head and the rotation angle of the disc cam;

[0057] Figure 19 Schematic diagram of the guide groove structure of the disc cam;

[0058] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the laser head motion mechanism;

[0059] Figure 21 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the laser head motion mechanism and the connecting rod at the Z-axis extreme position;

[0060] Figure 22 It is a structural diagram of the laser focusing mechanism and laser head.

[0061] In the figure: 1. Base; 2. Dual-station mechanism; 21. First bracket; 22. Top plate; 221. X-axis through slot at first station; 222. Y-axis guide slot at first station; 223. X-axis through slot at second station; 224. Y-axis guide slot at second station; 23. First motor; 24. First synchronous pulley; 25. Second synchronous pulley; 26. Synchronous belt; 27. First station; 271. First station panel; 272. X-axis guide rail at first station; 273. X-axis slider at first station; 274. First station connecting plate; 275. First station Connecting block; 276, first station Y-axis guide rail; 277, first station Y-axis slider; 278, first station guide wheel; 28, second station; 281, second station panel; 282, second station X-axis guide rail; 283, second station X-axis slider; 284, second station connecting plate; 285, second station connecting block; 286, second station Y-axis guide rail; 287, second station Y-axis slider; 288, second station guide wheel; 3, connecting rod positioning mechanism; 31, small head hole positioning pin; 32, large head hole positioning block; 4, laser head movement Mechanism; 41, second bracket; 42, third bracket; 421, middle platform; 422, top platform; 43, first support; 44, first rotating shaft; 45, second motor; 46, second support; 47, second rotating shaft; 48, angular connecting rod; 481, guide rod; 49, cylindrical cam assembly; 491, support plate; 492, camshaft; 492a, limiting protrusion; 493, connecting ring pin; 494, locking pin; 495, cylindrical cam; 4951, first U-shaped groove; 4952, second U-shaped groove; 4953, third U-shaped groove; 4954, fourth U-shaped groove; 4955, first guide groove; 4956, second guide groove; 496, bearing; 410, disc cam; 4101, guide groove; 411, dial; 411a, stop rod; 411b, dial rod; 5, laser head; 51, light output hole; 6, clamping mechanism; 61, cylinder; 62, clamping block; 621, arc concave surface; 7, laser focusing mechanism; 71, connecting block; 72, focusing guide rail; 73, focusing slider; 74, locking bolt; 8, connecting rod; 81, small head hole; 82, large head hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0063] like Figure 1As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a laser processing device for a broken connecting rod cracking groove, comprising: a base 1, a double-station mechanism 2 arranged on the base 1, a connecting rod positioning mechanism 3 respectively arranged on the two stations of the double-station mechanism 2, the connecting rod positioning mechanism 3 being used to position the connecting rod 8 on the two stations of the double-station mechanism 2; a laser head movement mechanism 4 arranged on the base 1 and corresponding to the double-station mechanism 2, a laser head 5 arranged on the moving end of the laser head movement mechanism 4, and a clamping mechanism 6 arranged on the laser head movement mechanism 4 and used to clamp the connecting rod 8.

[0064] The dual-station mechanism 2 drives the two stations to switch back and forth between the loading and unloading positions and the laser processing positions, thereby overlapping the processing time with the loading and unloading time. When the connecting rod 8 on one station is undergoing laser processing of the cracking groove, the other station can simultaneously complete the loading and unloading operations, thereby greatly improving the processing efficiency. In this embodiment, the side of the dual-station mechanism 2 close to the laser head motion mechanism 4 is the laser processing position, and the side away from the laser head motion mechanism 4 is the loading and unloading position. The clamping mechanism 6 clamps the connecting rod 8 on the connecting rod positioning mechanism 3 at the laser processing position, and drives the laser head 5 to perform cracking groove processing on the clamped connecting rod 8 through the laser head motion mechanism 4. The laser head motion mechanism 4 is used to drive the laser head 5 to move, so that the laser head motion mechanism 4 controls the laser head 5 to complete the processing of the cracking groove of the connecting rod 8 according to the set path, and replaces the existing multi-degree-of-freedom manipulator or multi-axis motion platform to control the processing path of the laser head 5. It has a simple structure and is easy to operate, which can effectively reduce production costs and operating difficulty, and reduce the equipment footprint.

[0065] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the duplex mechanism 2 includes a first bracket 21 arranged on the top of the base 1, the bottom of the first bracket 21 is connected to the top of the base 1 through a square anchor plate, and the four supporting legs of the first bracket 21 are locked on the square anchor plate by tightening bolts, and the side wall of the square anchor plate is provided with at least two sliding holes, the tightening bolts pass through the sliding holes and tighten against the outer wall of the supporting legs of the first bracket 21, so that it is easy to disassemble and assemble the first bracket 21, and the height of the first bracket 21 can also be adjusted; a top plate 22 is arranged on the top of the first bracket 21, the top plate 22 is a rectangular structure, the top plate 22 is parallel to the X-axis and parallel to the base 1; a first motor is arranged on the top of the base 1 and below the top plate 22 23. A first motor 23 is fixed to the top of the base 1 by screws; a first synchronous pulley 24 connected to the output shaft of the first motor 23 rotates to connect a second synchronous pulley 25 at the bottom of the top plate 22 and corresponding to the first synchronous pulley 24, and transmits a synchronous belt 26 between the first and second synchronous pulleys 24, 25. In this embodiment, the synchronous belt 26 is arranged along the X-axis and parallel to the X-axis; a first station 27 is slidably disposed on the top plate 22 and engaged with one side of the synchronous belt 26, and a second station 28 is slidably disposed on the top plate 22 and engaged with the other side of the synchronous belt 26. The first and second stations 27, 28 are each provided with a connecting rod positioning mechanism 3. When the first motor 23 rotates, it drives the first station 27 to move along one side of the top plate 22 via the synchronous belt 26, and simultaneously drives the second station 28 to move along the other side of the top plate 22 via the synchronous belt 26, thereby facilitating the reciprocating switching of the two stations between the loading and unloading position and the laser processing position.

[0066] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a first station X-axis through groove 221 is formed on the top plate 22 and is parallel to and corresponds to one side of the synchronous belt 26. A first station Y-axis guide groove 222 is formed on the top plate 22 and is adjacent to the first station X-axis through groove 221 and is in an X-shaped structure.

[0067] The first station 27 includes a first station panel 271 arranged parallel to the top plate 22, the first station panel 271 is a rectangular structure, and is arranged on the top of the top plate 22 and is parallel to the first station X-axis through slot 221. The first station X-axis guide rail 272 is located between the first station X-axis through slot 221 and the first station Y-axis guide slot 222; a first station X-axis slider 273 slidably connected to the first station X-axis guide rail 272, a first station connecting plate 274 arranged on the top of the first station X-axis slider 273, and the first station connecting plate 274 is parallel to the first station panel 271; a first station connecting block 275 arranged at the bottom of the first station connecting plate 274, and the first station connecting block 275 is located on the first station connecting plate 274 and close to one end of the first station X-axis through slot 221, the bottom end of the first station connecting block 275 passes through the first station X-axis through slot 221 and is connected to one side of the synchronous belt 26; the first station Y-axis guide rail 276 is arranged at the bottom of the first station panel 271, the first station Y-axis slider 277 is slidably arranged on the first station Y-axis guide rail 276 and connected to the top of the first station connecting plate 274, and the first station guide wheel 278 is arranged at the bottom of the first station panel 271 and cooperates with the first station Y-axis guide groove 222. In this embodiment, a guide wheel shaft is fixed to the bottom of the first station panel 271, and the first station guide wheel 278 is sleeved on the guide wheel shaft. The outer diameter of the first station guide wheel 278 matches the groove diameter of the first station Y-axis guide groove 222. In other embodiments of the present invention, the first station guide wheel 278 can be directly fixed to the bottom of the first station panel 271 and cooperate with the first station Y-axis guide groove 222 by sliding to achieve movement.

[0068] When the synchronous belt 26 moves driven by the first motor 23, the synchronous belt 26 drives the first station connecting block 275 to move, and then drives the first station X-axis slider 273 to slide on the first station X-axis guide rail 272 through the first station connecting plate 274. Under the action of the first station Y-axis guide groove 222, the first station Y-axis slider 277 can drive the first station connecting plate 274 to slide along the first station Y-axis guide rail 276, and the first station guide wheel 278 moves by rolling in the first station Y-axis guide groove 222 and changes its position in the first station Y-axis guide groove 222.

[0069] A second station X-axis through groove 223 parallel to and corresponding to the other side of the synchronous belt 26 is provided on the top plate 22, and a second station Y-axis guide groove 224 adjacent to the second station X-axis through groove 223 and in a cross-shaped structure is provided on the top plate 22. The first station X-axis through groove 221 and the first station Y-axis guide groove 222 are symmetrical with the second station X-axis through groove 223 and the second station Y-axis guide groove 224; the second station X-axis through groove 223 is parallel to the first station X-axis through groove 221 and has the same length, the second station Y-axis guide groove 224 has the same stroke as the first station Y-axis guide groove 222, and in this embodiment, the first station X-axis through groove 221 and the first station Y-axis guide groove 222 are symmetrically distributed with the second station X-axis through groove 223 and the second station Y-axis guide groove 224 along the axis of the X-axis direction of the top plate 22.

[0070] The second station 28 includes a second station panel 281 arranged parallel to the top plate 22, and the second station panel 281 is a rectangular structure; a second station X-axis guide rail 282 arranged on the top of the top plate 22 and parallel to the second station X-axis through groove 223, and the second station X-axis guide rail 282 is located between the second station X-axis through groove 223 and the second station Y-axis guide groove 224; a second station X-axis slider 283 slidably connected to the second station X-axis guide rail 282, a second station connecting plate 284 arranged on the top of the second station X-axis slider 283, and the second station connecting plate 284 is parallel to the second station panel 281; a second station connecting block 285 arranged at the bottom of the second station connecting plate 284, and the second station connecting block 285 is located on the second station connecting plate 2 84 and close to one end of the second station X-axis through slot 223, the bottom end of the second station connecting block 285 passes through the second station X-axis through slot 223 and is connected to the other side of the synchronous belt 26; the second station Y-axis guide rail 286 is set at the bottom of the second station panel 281, the second station Y-axis slider 287 is slidably set on the second station Y-axis guide rail 286 and connected to the top of the second station connecting plate 284, and the second station guide wheel 288 is set at the bottom of the second station panel 281 and cooperates with the second station Y-axis guide slot 224. In this embodiment, a guide wheel shaft is fixed to the bottom of the second station panel 281, and the second station guide wheel 288 is sleeved on the guide wheel shaft. The outer diameter of the second station guide wheel 288 matches the groove diameter of the second station Y-axis guide slot 224. In other embodiments of the present invention, the second station guide wheel 288 can be directly fixed to the bottom of the second station panel 281 and cooperate with the second station Y-axis guide slot 224 to achieve movement by sliding.

[0071] In this embodiment, avoidance circular holes are respectively opened on the first workstation panel 271 and the second workstation panel 281 to facilitate processing by the laser head 5; the first workstation Y-axis guide groove 222 includes a, b, c, d, e, and f in sequence from the laser processing position to the loading and unloading positions, and the second workstation Y-axis guide groove 224 includes a', b', c', d', e', and f' in sequence from the laser processing position to the loading and unloading positions.

[0072] When the synchronous belt 26 drives the second station connecting block 285 to move, it will then drive the second station X-axis slider 283 to slide on the second station X-axis guide rail 282 through the second station connecting plate 284. Under the action of the second station Y-axis guide groove 224, the second station Y-axis slider 287 can drive the second station connecting plate 284 to slide along the second station Y-axis guide rail 286. The second station guide wheel 288 moves by rolling in the second station Y-axis guide groove 224 and changes its position in the second station Y-axis guide groove 224.

[0073] like Figure 6 As shown, the working principle of the double-station mechanism 2 is as follows: when the double-station mechanism 2 is in the initial position, the first station 27 is in the laser processing position, and the second station 28 is in the loading and unloading position; first, the first motor 23 is started to reverse, and the synchronous belt 26 can drive the first-station X-axis slider 273 to move along the first-station X-axis guide rail 272 toward the negative direction of the X-axis, and the first-station Y-axis guide groove 222 will constrain the movement path of the first-station guide wheel 278, and drive the first-station Y-axis guide rail 276 to move along the Y-axis relative to the first-station Y-axis slider 277 (first move along the negative direction of the Y-axis, and then move along the positive direction of the Y-axis); at the same time, the synchronous belt 26 can drive the second-station X-axis slider Block 283 moves along the positive direction of the X-axis along the second-station X-axis guide rail 282, and the second-station Y-axis guide groove 224 constrains the movement path of the second-station guide wheel 288, and drives the second-station Y-axis guide rail 286 to move along the Y-axis relative to the second-station Y-axis slider 287 (first move along the positive direction of the Y-axis, and then move along the negative direction of the Y-axis); based on the above relative movement, the first station 27 can move to the upper and lower loading and unloading position, and the second station 28 can move to the laser processing position, until the two stations move into place (the first station 27 moves to the loading and unloading position, and the second station 28 moves to the laser processing position), the first motor 23 stops rotating, and the positions of the two stations can be interchanged.

[0074] Then start the first motor 23 to rotate forward, the synchronous belt 26 can drive the first station X-axis slider 273 to move along the first station X-axis guide rail 272 toward the positive direction of the X-axis, and the first station Y-axis guide groove 222 will constrain the movement path of the first station guide wheel 278, and drive the first station Y-axis guide rail 276 to move along the Y-axis relative to the first station Y-axis slider 277 (first move along the positive direction of the Y-axis, and then move along the negative direction of the Y-axis); at the same time, the synchronous belt 26 can drive the second station X-axis slider 283 to move along the second station X-axis guide rail 282 toward the negative direction of the X-axis, and the second station Y-axis The guide groove 224 will constrain the movement path of the second station guide wheel 288, and drive the second station Y-axis guide rail 286 to move along the Y-axis relative to the second station Y-axis slider 287 (first move along the negative direction of the Y-axis, and then move along the positive direction of the Y-axis); based on the above relative movement, the first station 27 can move toward the laser processing position, and the second station 28 can move to the loading and unloading position, until the two stations move into place (the first station 27 moves to the laser processing position, and the second station 28 moves to the loading and unloading position), the first motor 23 stops rotating, and the positions of the two stations can be reset.

[0075] like Figure 9 As shown, the connecting rod 8 to be processed has a small hole 81 and a large hole 82. The diameter of the small hole 81 is A, the diameter of the large hole 82 is B, and the outer end of the large hole 82 has a convex arc surface. The connecting rod 8 to be processed needs to have two cracking grooves (a first cracking groove and a second cracking groove) machined on the inner wall of the large hole 82. The two cracking grooves are symmetrical about the axis of the connecting rod 8, and the line connecting the two cracking grooves intersects the axis of the large hole 82. After actual processing, the line connecting the two cracking grooves is allowed to deviate from the axis of the large hole 82. .

[0076] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the connecting rod positioning mechanism 3 includes a small head hole positioning pin 31 and a large head hole positioning block 32. The top of the first station panel 271 and the top of the second station panel 281 are both provided with a small head hole positioning pin 31 and a large head hole positioning block 32, and the large head hole positioning block 32 corresponds to the clamping mechanism 6. The positioning portion of the small head hole positioning pin 31 is a hollow cylinder, and the outer diameter of the hollow cylinder is D. Preferably, The positioning part of the large head hole positioning block 32 is a vertical plate, the width of the vertical plate is C, and The contact area between the vertical plate and the large hole 82 of the connecting rod 8 is an arc surface, and the curvature radius of the arc surface is .

[0077] like Figures 10 to 13As shown, the laser head movement mechanism 4 includes a second bracket 41 arranged on the top of the base 1 and corresponding to the first bracket 21, the bottom of the second bracket 41 is connected to the top of the base 1 through a square anchor plate, and the four supporting legs of the second bracket 41 are locked on the square anchor plate by tightening bolts, and the side wall of the square anchor plate is provided with at least two sliding holes, the tightening bolts pass through the sliding holes and tighten against the outer walls of the supporting legs of the second bracket 41, so that it is easy to disassemble and assemble the second bracket 41, and the height of the second bracket 41 can also be adjusted. The square plate at the top of the second bracket 41 is parallel to the base 1 and parallel to the X-axis; a third bracket 42 is arranged on the top of the second bracket 41, and the four supporting legs of the third bracket 42 in this embodiment are also connected to the second bracket through the square anchor plate. The square plate at the top of the bracket 41 is connected and locked with a tightening bolt. The locking method is the same as that of the second bracket 41 and will not be described in detail here; the third bracket 42 has a middle platform 421 and a top platform 422, wherein the middle platform 421 is located on the side away from the first bracket 21, and the top platform 422 is located on the top of the third bracket 42, and the middle platform 421 and the top platform 422 are both parallel to the X-axis. At the same time, avoidance grooves are provided on the middle platform 421 and the top platform 422 to facilitate the installation of the angular connecting rod 48, the disc cam 410 and the dial 411; the two first supports 43 arranged on the middle platform 421 of the third bracket 42 are rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft 44 between the two first supports 43, and the two first supports 43 are fixed with bearings that match the first rotating shaft 44; a second motor 45 is arranged on the middle platform 421 and connected to the first rotating shaft 44, and the output shaft of the second motor 45 is connected to the first rotating shaft 44 through a coupling; two second supports 46 are arranged on the top platform 422 of the third bracket 42, and a second rotating shaft 47 is slidably arranged between the two second supports 46, and the two second supports 46 are provided with a limiting sliding hole that matches the rod diameter of the second rotating shaft 47, and the limiting sliding hole is parallel to the X axis, and in this embodiment, the first rotating shaft 44 and the second rotating shaft 47 are parallel to the Y axis; an angular connecting rod 48 is rotatably connected to the second rotating shaft 47, and a second rotating shaft connecting hole matching the second rotating shaft 47 is provided in the middle of the angular connecting rod 48. A camshaft connecting hole is provided at one end of the connecting rod 48; a cylindrical cam assembly 49 is vertically arranged on the side of the third bracket 42 facing the first bracket 21 and rotatably engaged with one end of the angular connecting rod 48; a disc cam 410 is arranged on the outer wall of the first rotating shaft 44 and slidingly engaged with the other end of the angular connecting rod 48; a guide groove 4101 is provided on the disc cam 410; a guide rod 481 matching the guide groove 4101 is provided at the end of the angular connecting rod 48, and the guide rod 481 is located at the other end of the angular connecting rod 48 (i.e., the end away from the camshaft connecting hole); and a dial 411 is provided on the outer wall of the first rotating shaft 44 and is used to drive the cylindrical cam assembly 49 to rotate, and the laser head 5 is arranged on the cylindrical cam assembly 49 and corresponds to the connecting rod 8 at the laser processing position.

[0078] The second motor 45 drives the disc cam 410 and the dial 411 to rotate through the first rotating shaft 44, and the dial 411 drives the cylindrical cam assembly 49 to rotate 180° forward / 180° reverse. The disc cam 410 drives the cylindrical cam assembly 49 to move up and down through the angular connecting rod 48, and enables the laser head 5 to rotate 180° forward / reverse and move up and down, and finally the connecting rod 8 is processed with a cracking groove by the laser head 5.

[0079] like Figures 14 to 16 As shown, specifically, the cylindrical cam assembly 49 includes a support plate 491 arranged horizontally in the middle of one side of the third bracket 42 facing the first bracket 21, and the support plate 491 is parallel to the X-axis; a cam shaft 492 arranged vertically and corresponding to the connecting rod 8 at the laser processing position, the cam shaft 492 is located above the connecting rod 8 at the laser processing position, and the rotation axis of the cam shaft 492 coincides with the center line of the large end hole 82 of the connecting rod 8; a connecting ring pin 493 which is sleeved on the top outer wall of the cam shaft 492 and rotatably matched with one end of the angular connecting rod 48, The connecting ring pin 493 includes a connecting ring that is sleeved on the top outer wall of the camshaft 492 and rotates with the camshaft 492, and two connecting pins symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the connecting ring. The two connecting pins cooperate with the camshaft connecting holes on the angle connecting rod 48 and realize rotation through the shaft holes; a locking pin 494 is passed through the top of the camshaft 492 and is used to axially limit the connecting ring pin 493. The top of the camshaft 492 is provided with a through hole perpendicular to its rotation axis. The locking pin 494 includes a pin shaft that passes through the through hole at the top of the camshaft 492. , and nuts threadedly connected to both ends of the pin shaft, used to limit the axial position of the connecting ring pin 493; a cylindrical cam 495 slidably set on the camshaft 492, a limiting protrusion 492a is axially provided on the camshaft 492, and a sliding groove matching the limiting protrusion 492a is opened on the inner wall of the cylindrical cam 495 along the axial direction, and the circumferential rotation of the cylindrical cam 495 on the camshaft 492 is limited by the limiting protrusion 492a; and a bearing 496 sleeved on the bottom outer wall of the camshaft 492 and located below the cylindrical cam 495, the cylindrical protrusion The wheel 495 is rotatably connected to the support plate 491 through the bearing 496, and the support plate 491 is provided with an avoidance groove to facilitate the movement and rotation of the camshaft 492; wherein the bearing 496 adopts a thrust ball bearing, and the thrust ball bearing shaft ring is connected to the bottom of the cylindrical cam 495 by screws, and the thrust ball bearing seat ring is connected to the support plate 491 by screws; in other embodiments of the present invention, an ordinary bearing can also be used, the top of its inner ring is connected to the bottom of the cylindrical cam 495, and the bottom of the outer ring is connected to the support plate 491, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0080] The dial 411 includes a fixed ring annularly arranged on the outer wall of the first rotating shaft 44, two stopper rods 411a symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the fixed ring, and two shifting rods 411b symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the fixed ring. The two stopper rods 411a and the two shifting rods 411b are arranged in a cross shape.

[0081] A first U-shaped groove 4951 and a third U-shaped groove 4953 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the top of the cylindrical cam 495, and a second U-shaped groove 4952 and a fourth U-shaped groove 4954 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the bottom of the cylindrical cam 495. The first U-shaped groove 4951 corresponds to the second U-shaped groove 4952, and the third U-shaped groove 4953 corresponds to the fourth U-shaped groove 4954. A first guide groove 4955 is provided on the outer wall of the cylindrical cam 495 from the first U-shaped groove 4951 to the fourth U-shaped groove 4954, and a second guide groove 4956 is provided on the outer wall of the cylindrical cam 495 from the third U-shaped groove 4953 to the second U-shaped groove 4952, which intersects with the first guide groove 4955. The first U-shaped groove 4951 corresponds to the stop rod 411a and the shift rod 411b.

[0082] like Figure 22 As shown, a light exit hole 51 is opened on one side of the bottom of the laser head 5, and when the laser head 5 does not rotate, the axis of the light exit hole 51 is parallel to the Y axis.

[0083] like Figures 18 to 21 As shown, the guide groove 4101 on the disc cam 410 is divided from 0° to 360° in sequence: 0° to 50° is the first pushing stage, 50° to 100° is the first return stage, 100° to 180° is the first rest stage, 180° to 230° is the second pushing stage, 230° to 280° is the second return stage, and 280° to 360° is the second rest stage.

[0084] The movement principle of the laser head movement mechanism 4 driving the laser head 5 is as follows: when the laser head movement mechanism 4 is in the initial position, the guide rod 481 on the angular connecting rod 48 is located at the 0° position of the guide groove 4101 of the disc cam 410, and the stop rod 411a of the dial 411 is located at the entrance of the first U-shaped groove 4951 of the cylindrical cam 495.

[0085] Start the second motor 45 to rotate. When the second motor 45 rotates from 0° to 50°, the stop rod 411a of the dial 411 rotates into the first U-shaped groove 4951 of the cylindrical cam 495 to limit the rotation of the cylindrical cam 495. At the same time, the disc cam 410 rotates through the first push stage. With the cooperation of the angular connecting rod 48, the connecting ring pin 493, and the cam shaft 492, the laser head 5 is driven by the cam shaft 492 to move down from the upper limit position of the Z axis to the lower limit position along the Z axis. When the laser head 5 moves down, the light outlet 51 emits light from the first cracking groove of the processing connecting rod 8. When the laser head 5 moves down to the lower limit position, the light outlet 51 stops emitting light.

[0086] When the second motor 45 rotates from 50° to 100°, the stop rod 411a of the dial 411 rotates out of the second U-shaped groove 4952 of the cylindrical cam 495, and at the same time the disc cam 410 rotates through the first return stage, driving the laser head 5 from the lower limit position of the Z axis to the upper limit position along the Z axis through the cam shaft 492.

[0087] When the second motor 45 rotates from 100° to 180°, the disc cam 410 rotates through the first rest stage, and the camshaft 492 does not move to keep the laser head 5 in the extreme position on the Z axis. At the same time, the lever 411b of the dial 411 slides through the first guide groove 4955 of the cylindrical cam 495 and drives the cylindrical cam 495 to rotate 180° forward. The cylindrical cam 495 drives the camshaft 492 to rotate 180° forward, and then drives the laser head 5 to rotate 180° forward through the camshaft 492 and point to the second cracking groove.

[0088] When the second motor 45 rotates from 180° to 230°, the stop rod 411a of the dial 411 rotates into the third U-shaped groove 4953 of the cylindrical cam 495 to limit the rotation of the cylindrical cam 495; at the same time, the disc cam 410 rotates through the second push stage, and drives the laser head 5 to move down from the upper limit position of the Z axis to the lower limit position along the Z axis through the cam shaft 492. When the laser head 5 moves down, the light outlet 51 emits light to the second cracking groove of the processing connecting rod 8. When the laser head 5 moves down to the lower limit position, the light outlet 51 stops emitting light.

[0089] When the second motor 45 rotates from 230° to 280°, the stop rod 411a of the dial 411 rotates out of the fourth U-shaped groove 4954 of the cylindrical cam 495, and at the same time the disc cam 410 rotates through the second return stage, driving the laser head 5 from the lower limit position of the Z axis to the upper limit position along the Z axis through the cam shaft 492.

[0090] When the second motor 45 rotates from 280° to 360°, the disc cam 410 rotates through the second rest stage to keep the laser head 5 at the upper limit position of the Z axis. At the same time, the lever 411b of the dial 411 slides through the second guide groove 4956 of the cylindrical cam 495 and drives the cylindrical cam 495 to reverse 180°. The cylindrical cam 495 drives the cam shaft 492 to reverse 180°, and drives the laser head 5 to reverse 180° through the cam shaft 492 to reset to the initial position.

[0091] Moreover, when the laser head 5 is at the upper limit position of the Z axis, the light exit hole 51 of the laser head 5 is slightly higher than the upper end surface of the connecting rod 8; when the laser head 5 is at the lower limit position of the Z axis, the light exit hole 51 of the laser head 5 is slightly lower than the lower end surface of the connecting rod 8, so that the laser can process the cracking groove of the complete length.

[0092] like Figure 17 As shown, the clamping mechanism 6 includes a cylinder 61 disposed on the second bracket 41 and located below the third bracket 42, and a clamping block 62 disposed on the piston rod of the cylinder 61 and used to press against the connecting rod 8. The side of the clamping block 62 away from the piston rod of the cylinder 61 is provided with a circular arc concave surface 621 that contacts the outer wall of the large end of the connecting rod 8. When the cylinder 61 is activated to extend the piston rod, the clamping block 62 can clamp the connecting rod 8 to be processed after it is positioned by the small head hole positioning pin 31 and the large head hole positioning block 32; when the cylinder 61 is activated to retract the piston rod, the clamping block 62 can release the processed connecting rod 8.

[0093] like Figure 22 As shown, a laser processing device for a cracking groove of a broken connecting rod in another embodiment of the present invention further includes a laser focusing mechanism 7;

[0094] The laser focusing mechanism 7 includes a connecting block 71 arranged at the bottom of the camshaft 492, a focusing guide rail 72 arranged at the bottom of the connecting block 71, and the focusing guide rail 72 is parallel to the Y-axis; a focusing slider 73 slidably arranged on the focusing guide rail 72, and a locking bolt 74 arranged on the side wall of the focusing slider 73 and used to tighten the focusing guide rail 72, the side wall of the focusing slider 73 is provided with a threaded hole, the locking bolt 74 passes through the threaded hole and tightens against the outer wall of the focusing guide rail 72, thereby locking the focusing slider 73 to the focusing guide rail 72; the laser head 5 is vertically arranged at the bottom of the focusing slider 73 and corresponds to the connecting rod 8 at the laser processing position; and the axis of the light outlet 51 and the axis of the focusing guide rail 72 are in the same plane. By sliding the focusing slider 73 on the focusing guide rail 72 and locking the focusing slider 73 on the focusing guide rail 72 through the locking bolt 74, the distance between the light outlet hole 51 on the laser head 5 and the inner wall surface of the large end hole 82 of the connecting rod 8 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the focal length of the laser processing cracking groove.

[0095] Another embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for laser processing a cracking groove of a fractured connecting rod, comprising the following steps:

[0096] S1. Set the initial position of the laser processing device for the cracking groove of the expanded and broken connecting rod: start the first motor 23 on the double-station mechanism 2, and make the first station 27 in the laser processing position, and the second station 28 in the loading and unloading position, and set this state as the initial position of the double-station mechanism 2; when the clamping mechanism 6 does not clamp the connecting rod 8, it is set to the initial position of the clamping mechanism 6; start the second motor 45 on the laser head movement mechanism 4, and make the guide rod 481 on the angular connecting rod 48 be at 0° of the guide groove 4101 on the disc cam 410, and at the same time make the stop rod 411a on the dial 411 be at the entrance of the first U-shaped groove 4951 of the cylindrical cam 495, and set this state as the initial position of the laser head movement mechanism 4; further adjust the required focal length of the laser head 5 for cracking groove processing on the connecting rod 8, and set the laser parameters as needed;

[0097] When the laser head movement mechanism 4 is in the initial position, make the focusing guide rail 72 of the laser focusing mechanism 7 parallel to the Y-axis, loosen the locking bolt 74, and adjust the position of the focusing slider 73 on the focusing guide rail 72 so that the distance between the light outlet hole 51 on the laser head 5 and the inner wall surface of the large head hole 82 on the connecting rod 8 is the focal length required for the laser head 5 to process the cracking groove of the connecting rod 8. Set this state as the initial position of the laser focusing mechanism 7.

[0098] S2. Loading the connecting rod 8 to be processed to the first workstation 27: placing the connecting rod 8 to be processed on the first workstation 27 and positioning the connecting rod 8 to be processed by the connecting rod positioning mechanism 3;

[0099] The connecting rod 8 to be processed is positioned by the small-head hole positioning pin 31 and the large-head hole positioning block 32 .

[0100] S3. The first station 27 and the second station 28 are interchanged: the first motor 23 is started to rotate forward, and the first station 27 is moved to the laser processing position, and the second station 28 is moved to the upper unloading position. After the two stations are moved into place, the first motor 23 stops rotating, and the connecting rod 8 to be processed on the first station 27 is clamped by the clamping mechanism 6;

[0101] The cylinder 61 is started to extend the piston rod, so that the clamping block 62 clamps the connecting rod 8 to be processed on the first work station 27.

[0102] S4: Laser process the connecting rod 8 to be processed on the first station 27. After the processing is completed, the clamping mechanism 6 is reset; at the same time, the next connecting rod 8 to be processed is placed on the second station 28, and the connecting rod positioning mechanism 3 is used to position the connecting rod 8 to be processed;

[0103] The second motor 45 is started to rotate once, causing the laser head motion mechanism 4 to control the laser head 5 to machine the cracking groove of the connecting rod 8 to be machined at the first station 27 according to the set path and beam emission time (the movement principle of the laser head motion mechanism 4 driving the laser head 5). After the machining is completed, the cylinder 61 is activated to retract the piston rod, causing the clamping block 62 to release the machined connecting rod 8 at the first station 27. While the laser machining of the cracking groove is proceeding, a new connecting rod 8 to be machined is manually placed on the second station 28 and positioned using the small-end hole locating pin 31 and the large-end hole locating block 32.

[0104] S5. The first station 27 and the second station 28 are interchanged: the first motor 23 is started to rotate in the opposite direction, and the first station 27 is moved to the upper unloading position, and the second station 28 is moved to the laser processing position. After the two stations are moved into place, the first motor 23 stops rotating, and the connecting rod 8 to be processed on the second station 28 is further clamped by the clamping mechanism 6;

[0105] S6, laser processing the connecting rod 8 to be processed on the second station 28, after the processing is completed, the clamping mechanism 6 is reset; further unloading the processed connecting rod 8 of the first station 27, and reloading the first station 27;

[0106] The second motor 45 is started to rotate one revolution, causing the laser head motion mechanism 4 to control the laser head 5 to process the cracking groove of the connecting rod 8 to be processed at the second station 28 according to the set path and light emission time. After the processing is completed, the cylinder 61 is started to retract the piston rod, causing the clamping block 62 to release the processed connecting rod 8 at the second station 28. While the cracking groove is being laser processed, the processed connecting rod 8 at the first station 27 is manually unloaded and a new connecting rod 8 to be processed is placed. The connecting rod 8 is positioned using the small head hole positioning pin 31 and the large head hole positioning block 32.

[0107] S7, the first station 27 and the second station 28 are exchanged, and the connecting rod 8 to be processed on the first station 27 is clamped by the clamping mechanism 6;

[0108] Start the first motor 23 to rotate forward, so that the first station 27 moves to the laser processing position, and the second station 28 moves to the upper unloading position. After moving into place, the first motor 23 stops rotating, and further clamps the connecting rod 8 to be processed on the first station 27 through the clamping mechanism 6.

[0109] S8. Repeat steps S4 to S7 to perform loading, cracking groove laser processing and unloading on the remaining connecting rods 8 to be processed.

[0110] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser processing device for cracking grooves of expansion-fragmented connecting rods, characterized in that: include: A base (1), a double-station mechanism (2) arranged on the base (1), a connecting rod positioning mechanism (3) respectively arranged on two stations of the double-station mechanism (2), a laser head movement mechanism (4) arranged on the base (1) and corresponding to the double-station mechanism (2), a laser head (5) arranged on the moving end of the laser head movement mechanism (4), and a clamping mechanism (6) arranged on the laser head movement mechanism (4) and used to clamp the connecting rod (8); The dual-station mechanism (2) drives the two stations to switch back and forth between the loading and unloading position and the laser processing position, the clamping mechanism (6) clamps the connecting rod (8) on the connecting rod positioning mechanism (3) at the laser processing position, and drives the laser head (5) through the laser head motion mechanism (4) to perform cracking groove processing on the clamped connecting rod (8); The double-station mechanism (2) comprises a first bracket (21) arranged on the top of the base (1), a top plate (22) arranged on the top of the first bracket (21), a first motor (23) arranged on the top of the base (1) and located below the top plate (22), a first synchronous pulley (24) connected to the output shaft of the first motor (23), a second synchronous pulley (25) rotatably connected to the bottom of the top plate (22) and corresponding to the first synchronous pulley (24), a synchronous belt (26) connected between the first synchronous pulley (24) and the second synchronous pulley (25), a first station (27) slidably arranged on the top plate (22) and connected to one side of the synchronous belt (26), and a second station (28) slidably arranged on the top plate (22) and connected to the other side of the synchronous belt (26), wherein the connecting rod positioning mechanism (3) is respectively provided on the first station (27) and the second station (28); The laser head movement mechanism (4) includes a second bracket (41) arranged on the top of the base (1) and corresponding to the first bracket (21), a third bracket (42) arranged on the top of the second bracket (41), two first supports (43) arranged on the middle platform (421) of the third bracket (42), a first rotating shaft (44) rotatably connected between the two first supports (43), a second motor (45) arranged on the middle platform (421) and connected to the first rotating shaft (44), two second supports (46) arranged on the top platform (422) of the third bracket (42), and a first rotating shaft (44) slidably arranged on the two second supports (46). ), an angular connecting rod (48) rotatably connected to the second rotating shaft (47), a cylindrical cam assembly (49) vertically arranged on one side of the third bracket (42) facing the first bracket (21) and rotatably engaged with one end of the angular connecting rod (48), a disc cam (410) arranged on the outer wall of the first rotating shaft (44) and slidably engaged with the other end of the angular connecting rod (48), and a dial (411) arranged on the outer wall of the first rotating shaft (44) and used to drive the cylindrical cam assembly (49) to rotate, the laser head (5) being arranged on the cylindrical cam assembly (49) and corresponding to the connecting rod (8) at the laser processing position; The second motor (45) drives the disc cam (410) and the dial (411) to rotate via the first rotating shaft (44); the dial (411) drives the cylindrical cam assembly (49) to rotate 180° in the forward direction / 180° in the reverse direction; the disc cam (410) drives the cylindrical cam assembly (49) to move up and down via the angular connecting rod (48), and enables the laser head (5) to rotate 180° in the forward direction / reverse direction and move up and down; finally, the connecting rod (8) is subjected to cracking groove processing via the laser head (5).

2. The laser processing device for the cracking groove of the expansion-fragmented connecting rod according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A first station X-axis through groove (221) parallel to and corresponding to one side of the synchronous belt (26) is formed on the top plate (22); a first station Y-axis guide groove (222) adjacent to the first station X-axis through groove (221) and in an "X"-shaped structure is formed on the top plate (22); The first station (27) includes a first station panel (271) arranged parallel to the top plate (22), a first station X-axis guide rail (272) arranged on the top of the top plate (22) and parallel to the first station X-axis through groove (221), a first station X-axis slider (273) slidably connected to the first station X-axis guide rail (272), a first station connecting plate (274) arranged on the top of the first station X-axis slider (273), a first station connecting block (275) arranged at the bottom of the first station connecting plate (274), and a first station connecting plate (276) arranged on the bottom of the first station connecting plate (276). A first station Y-axis guide rail (276) is provided at the bottom of the first station panel (271), a first station Y-axis slider (277) is slidably arranged on the first station Y-axis guide rail (276) and connected to the top of the first station connecting plate (274), and a first station guide wheel (278) is provided at the bottom of the first station panel (271) and cooperates with the first station Y-axis guide groove (222), and the bottom end of the first station connecting block (275) passes through the first station X-axis through groove (221) and is cooperated with one side of the synchronous belt (26).

3. The laser processing device for the cracking groove of the expansion-fragmented connecting rod according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A second station X-axis through groove (223) is provided on the top plate (22) and is parallel to and corresponds to the other side of the synchronous belt (26); a second station Y-axis guide groove (224) is provided on the top plate (22) and is adjacent to the second station X-axis through groove (223) and is in a "F"-shaped structure; the first station X-axis through groove (221) and the first station Y-axis guide groove (222) are symmetrical to the second station X-axis through groove (223) and the second station Y-axis guide groove (224); The second station (28) includes a second station panel (281) arranged parallel to the top plate (22), a second station X-axis guide rail (282) arranged on the top of the top plate (22) and parallel to the second station X-axis through groove (223), a second station X-axis slider (283) slidably connected to the second station X-axis guide rail (282), a second station connecting plate (284) arranged on the top of the second station X-axis slider (283), a second station connecting block (285) arranged at the bottom of the second station connecting plate (284), and a second station connecting plate (286) arranged on the bottom of the second station connecting plate (286). A second station Y-axis guide rail (286) is provided at the bottom of the second station panel (281), a second station Y-axis slider (287) is slidably arranged on the second station Y-axis guide rail (286) and connected to the top of the second station connecting plate (284), and a second station guide wheel (288) is provided at the bottom of the second station panel (281) and cooperates with the second station Y-axis guide groove (224), and the bottom end of the second station connecting block (285) passes through the second station X-axis through groove (223) and is cooperated with the other side of the synchronous belt (26).

4. The laser processing device for the cracking groove of the expansion-fragmented connecting rod according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The connecting rod positioning mechanism (3) comprises a small-head hole positioning pin (31) and a large-head hole positioning block (32); the top of the first workstation panel (271) and the top of the second workstation panel (281) are both provided with the small-head hole positioning pin (31) and the large-head hole positioning block (32), and the large-head hole positioning block (32) corresponds to the clamping mechanism (6).

5. The laser processing device for the cracking groove of the expanded connecting rod according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The cylindrical cam assembly (49) includes a support plate (491) arranged transversely on the middle part of one side of the third bracket (42) facing the first bracket (21), a cam shaft (492) arranged vertically and corresponding to the connecting rod (8) at the laser processing position, a connecting ring pin (493) sleeved on the top outer wall of the cam shaft (492) and rotatably engaged with one end of the angular connecting rod (48), a locking pin (494) passing through the top of the cam shaft (492) and used for axially limiting the connecting ring pin (493), a cylindrical cam (495) slidably arranged on the cam shaft (492), and a bearing (496) sleeved on the bottom outer wall of the cam shaft (492) and located below the cylindrical cam (495), the cylindrical cam (495) being rotatably connected to the support plate (491) via the bearing (496), and a avoidance groove for facilitating the movement and rotation of the cam shaft (492) is provided on the support plate (491); The dial (411) comprises a fixing ring annularly arranged on the outer wall of the first rotating shaft (44), two stop rods (411a) symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the fixing ring, and two shift rods (411b) symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the fixing ring, wherein the two stop rods (411a) and the two shift rods (411b) are arranged in a cross shape; A first U-shaped groove (4951) and a third U-shaped groove (4953) are symmetrically provided on both sides of the top of the cylindrical cam (495), and a second U-shaped groove (4952) and a fourth U-shaped groove (4954) are symmetrically provided on both sides of the bottom of the cylindrical cam (495). The first U-shaped groove (4951) corresponds to the second U-shaped groove (4952), and the third U-shaped groove (4953) corresponds to the fourth U-shaped groove (4954). The outer wall of the cylindrical cam (495) is provided with a first guide groove (4955) in a direction from the first U-shaped groove (4951) to the fourth U-shaped groove (4954), and the outer wall of the cylindrical cam (495) is provided with a second guide groove (4956) intersecting with the first guide groove (4955) in a direction from the third U-shaped groove (4953) to the second U-shaped groove (4952), and the first U-shaped groove (4951) corresponds to the stop rod (411a) and the shift rod (411b).

6. The laser processing device for the cracking groove of the expansion-fragmented connecting rod according to claim 5 is characterized in that: A limiting protrusion (492a) is provided on the camshaft (492) along the axial direction, and a sliding groove matching the limiting protrusion (492a) is provided on the inner wall of the cylindrical cam (495) along the axial direction; A guide groove (4101) is provided on the disc-shaped cam (410), and a guide rod (481) matching the guide groove (4101) is provided at the end of the angular connecting rod (48).

7. The laser processing device for the cracking groove of the expansion-fragmented connecting rod according to claim 5, characterized in that: Also included is a laser focusing mechanism (7); The laser focusing mechanism (7) includes a connecting block (71) arranged at the bottom of the cam shaft (492), a focusing guide rail (72) arranged at the bottom of the connecting block (71), a focusing slider (73) slidably arranged on the focusing guide rail (72), and a locking bolt (74) arranged on the side wall of the focusing slider (73) and used to tighten the focusing guide rail (72), and the laser head (5) is vertically arranged at the bottom of the focusing slider (73) and corresponds to the connecting rod (8) at the laser processing position; A light exit hole (51) is provided on one side of the bottom of the laser head (5), the axis of the light exit hole (51) and the axis of the focusing guide rail (72) are in the same plane, and when the laser head (5) does not rotate, the axis of the light exit hole (51) is parallel to the Y axis.

8. A laser processing method for a cracking groove of a broken connecting rod, characterized in that: The laser processing device for processing the cracking groove of the expanded connecting rod according to claim 6 is used for processing, comprising the following steps: S1. Setting the initial position of the laser processing device for the fractured connecting rod cracking groove: starting the first motor (23) on the double-station mechanism (2), and making the first station (27) be in the laser processing position, and the second station (28) be in the loading and unloading position, and setting this state as the initial position of the double-station mechanism (2); when the clamping mechanism (6) does not clamp the connecting rod (8), setting it as the initial position of the clamping mechanism (6); starting the second motor (45) on the laser head motion mechanism (4), and making the guide rod (481) on the angular connecting rod (48) be at 0° of the guide groove (4101) on the disc cam (410), and at the same time making the stop rod (411a) on the dial (411) be at the entrance of the first U-shaped groove (4951) of the cylindrical cam (495), and setting this state as the initial position of the laser head motion mechanism (4); further adjusting the focal length required for the laser head (5) to process the fractured connecting rod (8), and setting the laser parameters as needed; S2. Loading the connecting rod (8) to be processed to the first station (27): placing the connecting rod (8) to be processed on the first station (27), and positioning the connecting rod (8) to be processed by the connecting rod positioning mechanism (3); S3, the first station (27) and the second station (28) exchange positions: start the first motor (23) to rotate forward, and move the first station (27) to the laser processing position, and the second station (28) moves to the upper unloading position. After the two stations move into place, the first motor (23) stops rotating, and the connecting rod (8) to be processed on the first station (27) is clamped by the clamping mechanism (6); S4, laser processing the connecting rod (8) to be processed on the first station (27), and after the processing is completed, the clamping mechanism (6) is reset; at the same time, the next connecting rod (8) to be processed is placed on the second station (28), and the connecting rod positioning mechanism (3) is used to position the connecting rod (8) to be processed; S5, the first station (27) and the second station (28) exchange positions: start the first motor (23) to rotate in the reverse direction, and move the first station (27) to the upper unloading position, and the second station (28) to the laser processing position. After the two stations are moved into place, the first motor (23) stops rotating, and further clamps the connecting rod (8) to be processed on the second station (28) through the clamping mechanism (6); S6, laser processing the connecting rod (8) to be processed on the second station (28), and after the processing is completed, the clamping mechanism (6) is reset; further unloading the processed connecting rod (8) on the first station (27), and reloading the first station (27); S7, the first station (27) and the second station (28) are exchanged, and the connecting rod (8) to be processed on the first station (27) is clamped by the clamping mechanism (6); S8. Repeat steps S4 to S7 to perform loading, cracking groove laser processing and unloading on the remaining connecting rods (8) to be processed.

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