Heavy-duty removable turnout

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of railway turnout devices, and particularly relates to a heavy-duty detachable turnout, including: a turnout, the turnout includes a support rail, and a swing rail is arranged below the support rail; an adsorption and fixation assembly, a sliding plate is arranged above the turnout, a plurality of sliding barrels are fixedly installed in the sliding plate, a conical barrel is communicated with the lower end of the sliding barrel, and an electromagnetic device is fixedly installed at a position close to the lower part of the outer wall of the conical barrel. In the present invention, the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic device acts on the magnetorheological fluid arranged in the elastic capsule, causing the magnetorheological fluid to generate magnetism to adsorb the connecting plate and solidify it. In this way, the elastic capsule is fixedly supported by curing and magnetic adsorption connection between the connecting plate and the conical barrel. When it is transported to the middle position between the swing rails, after the swing rails, the swing connecting rods and the buffers become loose, the amplitude of the swing rail vibration can be reduced, which may cause large vibrations when the subsequent goods are transported through the swing rails, affecting the transportation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of railway turnout devices, and particularly to a heavy-duty detachable turnout. Background Art

[0002] The single-track hanging turnout for coal mines is a turnout device used in the overhead single-track transportation system in coal mine shafts. It mainly consists of a switch point, a frog, connecting guide rails, a steering mechanism, etc., and is used for transporting coal, gangue, materials, equipment, and personnel, etc. Especially at places where there are multiple mining faces or different transportation roadways intersect, the single-track hanging turnout can effectively organize and guide transportation, improving the operating efficiency of the entire underground coal mine transportation system.

[0003] During daily use, during the turnout switching process, the swing rail is connected to the bumper through a swing link. Since the swing rail is relatively long and is connected to the bumper at both ends through swing links, the middle part is in a suspended state. This design may cause the middle part of the swing rail to deform during long-term use. For example, in a turnout device for a single-track hoist disclosed in CN109835368B, the swing rail lacks support for the middle part during the process of transporting goods. Due to the lack of support for the middle part of the swing rail, it may be deformed under the action of vibration and external forces during use, especially in the case of large loads or continuous transportation. Coupled with the vibration and swing generated during the transportation of goods (whether it is the hanging rail or the swing rail, it will be affected by external forces or inertia during the handling process and generate vibration), it may cause uneven stress at the connections between the two ends and the swing links and the bumper, and the pressure may be concentrated at the connection points, resulting in loosening between the swing rail and the link or the bumper, thus increasing potential safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a heavy-duty detachable turnout, which can effectively solve the problem in the prior art that there is no support for the swing rail when the goods travel to the middle position of the swing rail, resulting in easy loosening between the swing rail and the swing link and the bumper.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a heavy-duty detachable turnout, including:

[0007] A turnout, the turnout includes a support rail, and a swing rail is arranged below the support rail;

[0008] Adsorption and fixation assembly. A sliding plate is arranged above the switch. A plurality of sliding barrels are fixedly installed in the sliding plate. The lower end of the sliding barrel is communicated with a conical barrel. An electromagnetic device is fixedly installed at a position near the lower part of the outer wall of the conical barrel. The electromagnetic device is electrically connected to a controller. An elastic capsule is slidably installed in the conical barrel. A magnetorheological fluid is arranged in the elastic capsule. During the vibration of the swing rail caused by the movement of the vehicle passing through, the elastic capsule slides down in the conical barrel and extrudes downward to increase the extrusion area. The electromagnetic device acts on the elastic capsule to generate magnetic adsorption to fix the swing rail;

[0009] Detection assembly for detecting the vibration amplitude of the swing rail.

[0010] Preferably, one end of the support rail is fixedly installed with a first end rail, and the first end rail is rotatably connected to the swing rail. The other end of the support rail is symmetrically installed with a second end rail and a third end rail. A linkage is rotatably installed at a position near the first end rail on the upper end of the support rail. The lower end of the linkage is rotatably connected to the swing rail. Two cylinders are symmetrically installed at a position near the third end rail on the upper end of the support rail. The output end of the cylinder is fixedly installed with a swing link, and the lower end of the swing link is rotatably connected to the swing rail.

[0011] Preferably, a second support block is fixedly installed at the middle position inside the support rail. A pressure rod is slidably installed in the sliding barrel. The upper end of the pressure rod is fixedly installed with a pressure column. A second support block is fixedly installed at the middle position on the upper end of the support rail. The second support block is slidably connected to the sliding plate. Two sliding baffles are symmetrically installed on the upper end of the sliding plate. An L-shaped sliding plate is slidably installed in the two sliding baffles. A support plate is fixedly installed on the opposite side of the two sliding baffles. A bracket is fixedly installed on the upper end of the support plate. An electromagnet is embedded in the upper end of the bracket. A lifting plate is slidably installed at a position near the upper part inside the bracket. The two ends of the lifting plate are respectively fixed to the L-shaped sliding plate. A plurality of second sliding rods are slidably installed in the lifting plate. Two retaining discs are equidistantly installed on the outer wall of the plurality of second sliding rods. A second spring is fixedly installed between the two retaining discs. A bottom block is fixedly installed at the middle position on the lower end of the sliding plate. A connecting block is fixedly installed at the lower end of the bottom block. A rotating block is rotatably installed at the lower end of the connecting block. A connecting plate is fixedly installed at the lower end of the rotating block. The connecting plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the swing rail. Two magnets are magnetically adsorbed on both sides of the connecting plate.

[0012] Preferably, a sliding sleeve is embedded in the support plate. An extrusion rod is slidably installed in the sliding sleeve. A baffle is sleeved on the outer wall of the extrusion rod near the upper position. A third spring is fixedly installed between the baffle and the support plate.

[0013] Preferably, a square block is fixedly installed at the middle position of the upper end of the sliding plate. A notch is formed in the square block. A trigger sensor is fixedly installed in the notch. The trigger sensor is electrically connected to the controller. Two sliders are symmetrically and slidably installed in the notch. A top block is fixedly installed on the opposite sides of the two sliders. Two linkage blocks are symmetrically installed at the upper positions on both sides of the slider. A fourth spring is fixedly installed between the linkage block and the trigger sensor.

[0014] Preferably, adsorption long plates are magnetically adsorbed on both sides of the two magnets. A plurality of fixing blocks are linearly and arrayedly fixedly installed in the adsorption long plates. A top rod is slidably installed in the fixing block. A U-shaped connecting frame is fixedly installed on the side of the fixing block away from the adsorption long plate. A connecting round block is fixedly installed at one end of the top rod close to the U-shaped connecting frame. A fifth spring is fixedly installed between the connecting round block and the U-shaped connecting frame. A dial is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the connecting round block. A U-shaped stop rod is fixedly installed at the lower end of the fifth spring. A piezoelectric sensor is fixedly installed at the upper end of the U-shaped stop rod. The piezoelectric sensor is electrically connected to the electromagnet through the controller.

[0015] Preferably, it further includes a support assembly. The support assembly includes two pairs of mounting blocks respectively fixedly installed at the upper ends of the two adsorption long plates. A first sliding rod is elastically and slidably installed in each pair of mounting blocks. Two pairs of rotating heads are symmetrically installed at the lower end of the support rail. A first support block is rotatably installed at the lower end of the rotating head. The first support block is slidably connected to the first sliding rod.

[0016] Preferably, a first spring is fixedly installed between the mounting block and the first support block.

[0017] The technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the known prior art:

[0018] First, the electromagnet is set to generate a magnetic field to drive the lifting plate to lower the second sliding rod. The lowered second sliding rod will squeeze the pressure column to make the pressure rod slide in the sliding barrel and squeeze the elastic capsule, so that the elastic capsule is extruded at the lower end of the conical barrel and increases in area after being squeezed in contact with the connecting plate. Subsequently, when the controller supplies power to the electromagnetic device, the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic device will act on the magnetorheological fluid arranged in the elastic capsule, making the magnetorheological fluid generate magnetic adsorption on the connecting plate and solidify. In this way, the elastic capsule is fixedly supported by curing and magnetic adsorption connection between the connecting plate and the conical barrel. When it reaches the middle position of the swing track, the swing track, the swing link and the car stop will become loose. In this way, the amplitude of the swing track vibration can be reduced, avoiding large vibrations when the subsequent goods are transported through the swing track and affecting the transportation.

[0019] Second, when the goods are conveyed to the swing track, the swing track will be driven to vibrate, and the vibration generated by the swing track will be converted into an electrical signal through a piezoelectric sensor. The controller will control the magnitude of the current input to the electromagnet based on the strength of the electrical signal, so as to make the electromagnet generate magnetic forces of different intensities, drive the electromagnet to generate a magnetic field to drive the lifting plate to rise and fall, and the multiple piezoelectric sensors provided can accurately detect the vibration amplitude of the swing track. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0021] Figure 1 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the turnout of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 Schematic bottom view structure diagram of the turnout of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 Schematic structure diagram of the support component of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 Schematic structure diagram of the adsorption and fixation component of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 Schematic side view structure diagram of the adsorption and fixation component of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 Schematic structure diagram of the square block of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 Schematic structure diagram of the detection component of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 Schematic structure diagram of the fixing block of the present invention.

[0030] Figure numerals: 1, turnout; 101, first end rail; 102, linkage frame; 103, cylinder; 104, swing connecting rod; 105, second end rail; 106, third end rail; 107, swing rail; 108, support rail; 2, support assembly; 201, mounting block; 202, first slide bar; 203, first spring; 204, first support block; 205, rotating head; 3, adsorption and fixing assembly; 301, second support block; 302, sliding plate; 303, sliding baffle; 304, L-shaped slide plate; 305, lifting plate; 306, second slide bar; 307, baffle plate; 308, second spring; 309, support plate; 310, slide barrel; 311, conical barrel; 312, pressure rod; 313 , pressure column; 314, elastic bag; 315, electromagnetic device; 316, bracket; 317, electromagnet; 318, sliding sleeve; 319, baffle; 320, third spring; 321, extrusion rod; 322, square block; 323, trigger sensor; 324, slider; 325, top block; 326, linkage block; 327, fourth spring; 328, bottom block; 329, connecting block; 330, rotating block; 331, connecting plate; 332, magnet; 4, detection component; 401, adsorption long board; 402, U-shaped connecting frame; 403, fixed block; 404, top rod; 405, connecting round block; 406, fifth spring; 407, paddle; 408, U-shaped baffle; 409, piezoelectric sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0033] Example: Refer to Figures 1 to 9 , heavy-duty detachable turnouts, including:

[0034] The turnout 1 comprises a support rail 108, and a swing rail 107 is arranged below the support rail 108;

[0035] Adsorption and fixation component 3. There is a sliding plate 302 arranged above the turnout 1. A plurality of sliding barrels 310 are fixedly installed in the sliding plate 302. The lower end of the sliding barrel 310 communicates with a conical barrel 311. An electromagnetic device 315 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the conical barrel 311 at a position near the lower part. The electromagnetic device 315 is electrically connected to a controller. An elastic capsule 314 is slidably installed in the conical barrel 311. A magnetorheological fluid is arranged in the elastic capsule 314. During the vibration of the swing rail 107 caused by the movement of the passing vehicle, the elastic capsule 314 slides and descends in the conical barrel 311, extruding downward to the lower part of the conical barrel 311 and increasing the extrusion area. The electromagnetic device 315 acts on the elastic capsule 314 to generate magnetic adsorption to fix the swing rail 107. The elastic capsule 314 is a capsule made of rubber. When it is not extruded out of the conical barrel 311, the elastic capsule 314 is stored in the conical barrel 311. When a small part of it is extruded out of the conical barrel 311, most of the elastic capsule 314 can still stay in the conical barrel 311 for storage. Since the conical barrel 311 has a larger inner diameter and a smaller outlet, it can prevent the elastic capsule 314 from completely falling out of the conical barrel 311. In addition, the conical barrel 311 is made of iron, and the magnetorheological fluid arranged in the elastic capsule 314 can also adsorb and fix the conical barrel 311. The magnetorheological fluid is an existing material, mainly composed of magnetic particles (such as carbonyl iron powder), base fluid (such as mineral oil, silicone oil, etc.) and additives. In the absence of a magnetic field, the magnetic particles are randomly distributed in the base fluid, presenting a liquid state as a whole; when a magnetic field acts, the magnetic particles will form chain-like or columnar structures along the magnetic field direction, causing the viscosity of the material to increase sharply, macroscopically showing a state similar to a solid state, and having the function of transmitting the magnetic field.

[0036] Detection component 4, used to detect the vibration amplitude of the swing rail 107.

[0037] Refer to Figures 1 to 2 , one end of the support rail 108 is fixedly installed with a first end rail 101. The first end rail 101 is rotatably connected to the swing rail 107. The other end of the support rail 108 is symmetrically installed with a second end rail 105 and a third end rail 106. A linkage frame 102 is rotatably installed at the upper end of the support rail 108 and near the first end rail 101. The lower end of the linkage frame 102 is rotatably connected to the swing rail 107. Two cylinders 103 are symmetrically installed at the upper end of the support rail 108 and near the third end rail 106. The output end of the cylinder 103 is fixedly installed with a swing connecting rod 104. The lower end of the swing connecting rod 104 is rotatably connected to the swing rail 107.

[0038] Refer to Figures 5 to 7, a second support block 301 is fixedly installed at the middle position inside the support rail 108. A pressure rod 312 is slidably installed inside the sliding barrel 310. The upper end of the pressure rod 312 is fixedly installed with a pressure column 313. At the upper end and the middle position of the support rail 108, a second support block 301 is fixedly installed. The second support block 301 is slidably connected to the sliding plate 302. Two sliding baffles 303 are symmetrically installed at the upper end of the sliding plate 302. An L-shaped sliding plate 304 is slidably installed inside the two sliding baffles 303. A support plate 309 is fixedly installed on the opposite side of the two sliding baffles 303. A support 316 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the support plate 309. An electromagnet 317 is embedded at the upper end of the support 316. A lifting plate 305 is slidably installed inside the support 316 and at a position close to the upper part. The two ends of the lifting plate 305 are respectively fixed to the L-shaped sliding plate 304. A plurality of second sliding rods 306 are slidably installed inside the lifting plate 305. Two retaining discs 307 are equidistantly installed on the outer walls of the plurality of second sliding rods 306. A second spring 308 is fixedly installed between the two retaining discs 307. A bottom block 328 is fixedly installed at the middle position of the lower end of the sliding plate 302. A connecting block 329 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the bottom block 328. A rotating block 330 is rotatably installed at the lower end of the connecting block 329. A connecting plate 331 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the rotating block 330. The connecting plate 331 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the swing rail 107. Two magnets 332 are magnetically adsorbed on both sides of the connecting plate 331. When an electric current passes through the electromagnet 317, a magnetic field will be generated. Both the lifting plate 305 and the connecting plate 331 are made of a ferromagnetic material.

[0039] Refer to Figure 6 , a sliding sleeve 318 is embedded in the support plate 309. An extrusion rod 321 is slidably installed inside the sliding sleeve 318. A baffle 319 is sleeved on the outer wall of the extrusion rod 321 at a position close to the upper part. A third spring 320 is fixedly installed between the baffle 319 and the support plate 309.

[0040] Refer to Figure 7 , a square block 322 is fixedly installed at the middle position of the upper end of the sliding plate 302. A notch is formed inside the square block 322. A trigger sensor 323 is fixedly installed inside the notch. The trigger sensor 323 is electrically connected to the controller. Two sliders 324 are symmetrically slidably installed inside the notch. A top block 325 is fixedly installed on the opposite sides of the two sliders 324. Two linkage blocks 326 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the slider 324 and at a position close to the upper part. A fourth spring 327 is fixedly installed between the linkage block 326 and the trigger sensor 323. The trigger sensor 323 is a device that triggers a response through physical contact or change. It detects contact based on different working principles (such as mechanical, piezoelectric, capacitive, magnetic, etc.), can quickly sense external changes, and has a fast response and low power consumption.

[0041] Refer to Figures 8 to 9, on both sides of the two magnets 332, there are adsorption long plates 401 magnetically adsorbed. Inside the adsorption long plates 401, a plurality of fixing blocks 403 are fixedly installed in a linear array. Inside the fixing blocks 403, ejector rods 404 are slidably installed. On the side of the fixing blocks 403 away from the adsorption long plates 401, U-shaped connecting frames 402 are fixedly installed. At one end of the ejector rod 404 close to the U-shaped connecting frame 402, a connecting round block 405 is fixedly installed. Between the connecting round block 405 and the U-shaped connecting frame 402, a fifth spring 406 is fixedly installed. On the outer wall of the connecting round block 405, a dial 407 is fixedly installed. At the lower end of the fifth spring 406, a U-shaped stop rod 408 is fixedly installed. At the upper end of the U-shaped stop rod 408, a piezoelectric sensor 409 is fixedly installed. The piezoelectric sensor 409 is electrically connected to the electromagnet 317 through a controller. The working principle of the piezoelectric sensor 409 is based on the piezoelectric effect, that is, some crystal materials (such as quartz, lead titanate, etc.) will generate electrical signals when subjected to external forces.

[0042] Referring to Figure 4 , it further includes a support assembly 2. The support assembly 2 includes two pairs of mounting blocks 201 fixedly installed at the upper ends of the two adsorption long plates 401 respectively. Inside each pair of mounting blocks 201, a first sliding rod 202 is elastically slidably installed. At the lower end of the support rail 108, two pairs of rotating heads 205 are symmetrically installed. At the lower end of the rotating head 205, a first support block 204 is rotatably installed. Inside the first support block 204, it is slidably connected to the first sliding rod 202. Between the mounting block 201 and the first support block 204, a first spring 203 is fixedly installed.

[0043] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0044] When the goods travel to the swing rail 107, the swing rail 107 will vibrate. This is because both the hanging rail and the swing rail will be affected by external forces or inertia during the handling process and generate vibrations. Such vibrations are normal phenomena and have no impact on the goods transportation. However, when transporting goods for a long time and there is no fixed support at the middle position of the swing rail 107, when looseness occurs between the swing rail 107, the linkage frame 102, and the buffer stop, the amplitude of the vibration generated by the swing rail 107 will increase. Especially when transporting heavier goods, the amplitude of this vibration will increase significantly. When the goods enter the swing rail 107 through the hanging rail, the vibration generated by the swing rail 107 will cause the swing rail 107 to push the ejector rod 404 to slide within the fixed block 403. The sliding fixed block 403 will drive the connecting round block 405 to compress the fifth spring 406 and drive the dial 407 to move together. The moving dial 407 will contact the piezoelectric sensor 409 and cause the piezoelectric sensor 409 to vibrate. During the process of the piezoelectric sensor 409 vibrating, it will convert the generated vibration into an electrical signal. The intensity of the electrical signal generated by the piezoelectric sensor 409 is proportional to the amplitude of the vibration generated by the swing rail 107. The controller controls the corresponding change in the current of the circuit where 317 is located according to the received electrical signal (the piezoelectric sensor 409 works based on the piezoelectric effect. When subjected to external vibrations, the crystal lattice structure inside the piezoelectric material will deform, resulting in the relative displacement of the positive and negative charge centers, generating charges on the surface of the material and forming an electrical signal. The controller will control the magnitude of the current input to the electromagnet 317 through the strength of the electrical signal to make the electromagnet 317 generate magnetic forces of different intensities). In this way, the electromagnet 317 can generate a corresponding magnetic field according to the electrical signal generated by the piezoelectric sensor 409. It should be noted that since the swing rail 107 itself will generate vibrations during the process of transporting goods, the controller can ignore the electrical signals with lower frequencies generated by the vibrations of the piezoelectric sensor 409 (the piezoelectric sensor 409 generates different electrical signals through vibrations of different amplitudes. The controller controls according to the set threshold value. When the vibration is below the threshold value, the controller does not make a control action response). However, when the vibration of the swing rail 107 caused by the looseness between the linkage frame 102 and the buffer stop is above the threshold value, the controller makes corresponding control actions;

[0045] The magnetic force generated by the electromagnet 317 will push the lifting plate 305 to slide down within the bracket 316. The sliding-down lifting plate 305 will drive the second sliding rod 306 and the L-shaped sliding plate 304 to descend together. The multiple second sliding rods 306 arranged will descend at different heights within the lifting plate 305, successively squeezing the pressure column 313. The squeezed pressure column 313 will drive the pressure rod 312 to slide down within the sliding barrel 310, squeezing the elastic bladder 314. The squeezed elastic bladder 314 will be extruded from the lower end of the conical barrel 311 and continuously increase in area until it contacts the connecting plate 331. During the continuous driving of the lifting plate 305 to descend, it will contact the baffle 319 and squeeze the baffle 319 to compress the third spring 320, driving the extrusion rod 321 to descend within the sliding sleeve 318. The descending extrusion rod 321 will contact the slider 324 and squeeze the slider 324 to push the slider 324 and the top block 325 to move and stretch the fourth spring 327, causing the top block 325 to contact and squeeze the second support block 301 for fixation, preventing the sliding plate 302 from moving during the adsorption of the elastic bladder 314 and the connecting plate 331, resulting in inaccurate adsorption positions and errors. After the extrusion rod 321 squeezes the slider 324, the extrusion rod 321 will contact the trigger sensor 323. After the trigger sensor 323 is triggered, it will immediately transmit a signal to the controller, and the controller will supply current to the electromagnetic device 315 to generate a magnetic field to control the magnetorheological fluid arranged within the elastic bladder 314 to generate magnetism to adsorb and solidify the connecting plate 331 installed on the swing track 107. At the same time, the magnetorheological fluid arranged within the elastic bladder 314 inside the conical barrel 311 that has not been extruded will also solidify. In this way, the conical barrel 311 and the connecting plate 331 will be magnetically adsorbed and connected through the magnetorheological fluid arranged within the elastic bladder 314 to reduce the vibration of the swing track 107 and make the cargo transportation smoother;

[0046] During the swinging process of the swing track 107, the arranged magnet 332 will adsorb the long plate 401 to move together, enabling the adsorbed long plate 401 to always swing along both sides of the swing track 107. In this way, no matter which branch track the swing track 107 swings to, its vibration amplitude can be detected. During the swinging process of the adsorbed long plate 401, the arranged first sliding rod 202, which is rotationally connected to the adsorbed long plate 401, will move together with the adsorbed long plate 401 and slide within the first support block 204, stretching or compressing the first spring 203. The arranged rotating head 205 will drive the first support block 204 to rotate to provide the angle for the first sliding rod 202 to slide. During the process of the swing track 107 swinging and switching branch tracks, it will drive the connecting plate 331 to move. The connecting plate 331 will drive the sliding plate 302 to rotate and adjust the angle within the second support block 301 through the rotating block 330, the connecting block 329, and the bottom block 328, so as to facilitate the support of the swing track 107 after the swing track 107 swings and switches branch tracks.

[0047] After the goods are moved away from the placing track 107, the compressed second spring 308 will drive the lifting plate 305 to slide up again within the support 316, and the elastic bladder 314 extruded from the conical barrel 311 will retract back into the conical barrel 311 through the elastic force of the elastic bladder 314 itself.

[0048] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements will not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. Heavy-duty detachable turnout, characterized in that: include: A turnout (1), the turnout (1) comprising a support rail (108), a swing rail (107) being arranged below the support rail (108); An adsorption and fixing component (3), wherein a sliding plate (302) is arranged above the turnout (1), a plurality of sliding barrels (310) are fixedly installed in the sliding plate (302), the lower end of the sliding barrel (310) is connected to a conical barrel (311), an electromagnetic device (315) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the conical barrel (311) and at a lower position, the electromagnetic device (315) is electrically connected to a controller, an elastic bag (314) is slidably installed in the conical barrel (311), a magnetorheological fluid is arranged in the elastic bag (314), when the swing rail (107) vibrates due to the movement of the vehicle, the elastic bag (314) slides down in the conical barrel (311) and is extruded below the conical barrel (311) to increase the extrusion area, and the electromagnetic device (315) acts on the elastic bag (314) to generate magnetic adsorption and fix the swing rail (107); A detection component (4) for detecting the vibration amplitude of the swing rail (107); A second support block (301) is fixedly installed at a middle position in the support rail (108), a pressure rod (312) is slidably installed in the sliding barrel (310), a pressure column (313) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the pressure rod (312), a second support block (301) is fixedly installed at the upper end and middle position of the support rail (108), the second support block (301) is slidably connected to the sliding plate (302), two sliding baffles (303) are symmetrically installed at the upper end of the sliding plate (302), an L-shaped sliding plate (304) is slidably installed in the two sliding baffles (303), a support plate (309) is fixedly installed on the opposite side of the two sliding baffles (303), a bracket (316) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the support plate (309), an electromagnet (317) is embedded in the upper end of the bracket (316), and an electromagnet (317) is installed in the bracket (316) and at an upper position A lifting plate (305) is slidably mounted at the lifting plate (305), the two ends of the lifting plate (305) are respectively fixed to the L-shaped slide plate (304), a plurality of second slide bars (306) are slidably mounted in the lifting plate (305), two baffle plates (307) are equidistantly mounted on the outer walls of the plurality of second slide bars (306), a second spring (308) is fixedly mounted between the two baffle plates (307), a bottom block (328) is fixedly mounted at the middle position of the lower end of the sliding plate (302), a connecting block (329) is fixedly mounted at the lower end of the bottom block (328), a rotating block (330) is rotatably mounted at the lower end of the connecting block (329), a connecting plate (331) is fixedly mounted at the lower end of the rotating block (330), the connecting plate (331) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the swing rail (107), and two magnets (332) are magnetically adsorbed on both sides of the connecting plate (331); The support plate (309) is embedded with a sliding sleeve (318), an extrusion rod (321) is slidably mounted in the sliding sleeve (318), a baffle (319) is sleeved at an upper position of an outer wall of the extrusion rod (321), and a third spring (320) is fixedly mounted between the baffle (319) and the support plate (309); A square block (322) is fixedly installed at the middle position of the upper end of the sliding plate (302), a slot is provided in the square block (322), a trigger sensor (323) is fixedly installed in the slot, the trigger sensor (323) is electrically connected to the controller, two sliders (324) are symmetrically slidably installed in the slot, a top block (325) is fixedly installed on the opposite sides of the two sliders (324), two linkage blocks (326) are symmetrically installed on both sides of the sliders (324) and at the upper position, and a fourth spring (327) is fixedly installed between the linkage block (326) and the trigger sensor (323); The magnetic force generated by the electromagnet (317) will push the lifting plate (305) to slide and descend in the bracket (316). The sliding and descending lifting plate (305) will drive the second slide bar (306) and the L-shaped slide plate (304) to descend together. The plurality of second slide bars (306) are arranged to descend at different heights in the lifting plate (305) and sequentially squeeze the pressure column (313). The squeezed pressure column (313) will drive the pressure bar (312) to slide and descend in the sliding barrel (310) and squeeze the elastic bag (314). The squeezed elastic bag (314) will be squeezed out from the lower end of the conical barrel (311) and continuously increase in area until it contacts the connecting plate (331). In the process of the lifting plate (305) being continuously driven to descend, it will contact the baffle plate (319) and squeeze the baffle plate (319). The plate (319) compresses the third spring (320) to drive the extrusion rod (321) to descend in the sliding sleeve (318). The descending extrusion rod (321) contacts the slider (324) and squeezes the slider (324) to push the slider (324) and the top block (325) to move and stretch the fourth spring (327), so that the top block (325) contacts and squeezes the second support block (301) to fix. After the extrusion rod (321) squeezes the slider (324), the extrusion rod (321) contacts the trigger sensor (323). After the trigger sensor (323) is triggered, it immediately transmits a signal to the controller. The controller transmits current to the electromagnetic device (315) to generate a magnetic field to control the magnetorheological fluid set in the elastic bag (314) to generate magnetic adsorption and solidify the connecting plate (331) installed on the swing rail (107).

2. The heavy-duty detachable turnout according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first end rail (101) is fixedly mounted on one end of the support rail (108), the first end rail (101) is rotatably connected to the swing rail (107), a second end rail (105) and a third end rail (106) are symmetrically mounted on the other end of the support rail (108), a linkage frame (102) is rotatably mounted on the upper end of the support rail (108) and close to the first end rail (101), the lower end of the linkage frame (102) is rotatably connected to the swing rail (107), two cylinders (103) are symmetrically mounted on the upper end of the support rail (108) and close to the third end rail (106), a swing connecting rod (104) is fixedly mounted on the output end of the cylinder (103), the lower end of the swing connecting rod (104) is rotatably connected to the swing rail (107).

3. The heavy-duty detachable turnout according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two sides of the two magnets (332) are magnetically adsorbed with an adsorption long plate (401), a plurality of fixed blocks (403) are fixedly installed in a linear array in the adsorption long plate (401), a top rod (404) is slidably installed in the fixed block (403), a U-shaped connecting frame (402) is fixedly installed on one side of the fixed block (403) away from the adsorption long plate (401), and a connecting round block (402) is fixedly installed on one end of the top rod (404) close to the U-shaped connecting frame (402). 05), a fifth spring (406) is fixedly installed between the connecting round block (405) and the U-shaped connecting frame (402), a paddle (407) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the connecting round block (405), a U-shaped blocking rod (408) is fixedly installed on the lower end of the fifth spring (406), and a piezoelectric sensor (409) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the U-shaped blocking rod (408), and the piezoelectric sensor (409) is electrically connected to the electromagnet (317) through a controller.

4. The heavy-duty detachable turnout according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a support assembly (2), wherein the support assembly (2) comprises two pairs of mounting blocks (201) respectively fixedly mounted on the upper ends of the two adsorption long plates (401), a first slide bar (202) being elastically slidably mounted in each pair of mounting blocks (201), two pairs of rotating heads (205) being symmetrically mounted on the lower ends of the support rails (108), a first support block (204) being rotatably mounted on the lower ends of the rotating heads (205), and the first support block (204) being slidably connected to the first slide bar (202) in the first support block (204).

5. The heavy-duty detachable turnout according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first spring (203) is fixedly mounted between the mounting block (201) and the first supporting block (204).

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