A gun ignition system based on bottomless artillery shells

Abstract

The present invention discloses a gun ignition system for primerless artillery shells, comprising an ignition unit, a launch unit, and a control unit. The ignition unit comprises a first-shot shell ignition unit, a fuel gas cylinder, and an ignition tube; the fuel gas cylinder is connected to the launch unit via the ignition tube. Compared with existing technologies, the present invention uses high-temperature, high-pressure fuel gas generated by gunpowder gas to ignite shells during continuous firing, thereby eliminating the shell primer, saving resources, simplifying the gun structure, and improving firing reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of weapon development, and in particular relates to a gun ignition system based on a bottomless gun shell. Background Art

[0002] Currently, most artillery projectiles utilize primer technology, requiring each round to be equipped with a primer. For fixed-loaded shells, the projectile and cartridge are integrated, with the primer located at the base of the cartridge. For modular-loaded shells, the projectile and cartridge are separate, also with the primer located at the base. For cartridge-loaded shells and the latest modular-charged shells, the cartridge is eliminated, requiring a primer to be installed in the breech block. Installing a primer for each round increases resource consumption, particularly for automatic artillery, which can fire thousands of rounds. Furthermore, installing a firing mechanism within the breech block complicates the artillery structure. Furthermore, this reduces the reliability of the shell due to the potential for primer failure.

[0003] When a cannon is fired, the chemical energy of the gunpowder is first converted into the internal energy of the gunpowder gas, and then into the kinetic energy of the projectile. The energy utilization rate is only about 30%, and a large amount of gunpowder gas flows out of the barrel mouth into the air after the projectile leaves the chamber, resulting in a significant waste of energy. To fully utilize the energy of gunpowder gas, current applications mainly include the following: using the recoil kinetic energy of the barrel or breech block to achieve continuous firing, i.e., a recoil-type automatic machine; opening a hole in the barrel mouth to drain gunpowder gas to drive the piston movement to achieve continuous gun firing, i.e., a gas-operated automatic machine; and providing a muzzle device at the muzzle, utilizing the gunpowder gas and the muzzle device to achieve a recoil or boost effect. The present invention is a new way to utilize the energy of gunpowder gas. Since gunpowder gas is a high-temperature, high-pressure gas, it can be fully used to ignite the projectile during continuous firing, thereby eliminating the primer of the projectile, saving resources, simplifying the gun structure, and improving firing reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a gun ignition system based on primerless artillery shells. During the artillery firing process, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by the combustion of gunpowder is used to ignite the artillery shells during continuous shooting, thereby achieving the purpose of not setting a primer for the artillery shells, saving resource consumption, simplifying the artillery structure, and improving shooting reliability.

[0005] The technical solution for achieving the purpose of the present invention is: a gun ignition system based on a baseless artillery shell, comprising an ignition unit, a launch unit, and a control unit; the ignition unit is used to ignite the propellant, the launch unit is used to eject the projectile at high speed, and the control unit is used to control the gun ignition system as a whole;

[0006] The ignition unit includes the first-shot shell ignition unit, the gas cylinder and the ignition tube; the gas cylinder is connected to the launching unit through the ignition tube.

[0007] Furthermore, the ignition part of the first artillery shell includes an automatic primer loader and a firing device; the gas cylinder is used to provide ignition for continuous shooting; the automatic primer loader in the ignition part of the first artillery shell is connected to the ignition tube through the primer tube, and a primer valve is provided on the primer tube to control the opening and closing of the primer tube.

[0008] Furthermore, an ignition valve is provided at the combustion cylinder position of the ignition tube to control the opening and closing of the ignition tube.

[0009] Furthermore, a pressure-resistant valve is provided at the exit of the ignition tube from the gun tube, which closes after ignition to prevent gas from entering the ignition tube and the fuel cylinder under high pressure. The pressure-resistant valve itself can withstand the higher air pressure during the shooting process.

[0010] Furthermore, the gas cylinder has a double-layer structure, with a pressure-resistant shell inside and a heat-insulating layer outside; the gas cylinder is connected to the chamber cavity of the barrel through the ignition tube.

[0011] Furthermore, the cylinder wall of the gas cylinder is provided with an ignition tube installation hole and a gas pressure and temperature gauge installation hole, which are used to install the ignition tube and the gas pressure and temperature gauge respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, the launching part includes: a projectile, a barrel, a modular charge, a breech block, and a breech block; the inner bore of the barrel is composed of a chamber cavity, a sloped bore portion, and a rifling portion from the back to the front, and the projectile moves forward from the sloped bore; the tail portion of the barrel cooperates with the breech block to achieve sealing of the barrel, and the breech block moves in the breech block.

[0013] Furthermore, the control unit includes a pressure and temperature gauge, a controller, a power supply and cables; a pressure and temperature gauge is provided on the gas cylinder to measure the pressure and temperature inside the gas cylinder; the ignition valve, the primer valve, the pressure-resistant valve and the pressure and temperature gauge are connected to the controller through cables, and the power supply is used to power the entire system.

[0014] Furthermore, the cartridge comprises a cartridge wall and a cartridge bottom, no primer is provided on the cartridge bottom, and fire transfer holes are provided circumferentially on the cartridge wall.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an artillery ignition system based on primerless artillery shells, which realizes the primerless design of the artillery shells, realizes the artillery shell ignition during continuous shooting through the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by the gunpowder gas, and can also realize the first-shot artillery shell ignition through the first-shot artillery shell ignition mechanism, thereby saving resource consumption, simplifying the artillery structure, and improving shooting reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an artillery ignition system based on a baseless artillery shell;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a gun ignition system based on a baseless artillery shell;

[0018] Figure 3It is a new cartridge structure.

[0019] 1-1—First round ignition unit; 1-1-1—Automatic primer loader; 1-1-2—Firing mechanism; 1-2—Gas cylinder; 1-2-1—Pressure hull; 1-2-2—Thermal insulation; 1-3—Ignition tube; 1-3-1—Ignition valve; 1-3-2—Pressure valve; 1-4—Primer tube; 1-4-1—Primer valve; 2-1—Projectile; 2-2—Barrel; 2-2-1—Chamber; 2-2-2—Ramp; 2-2-3—Rifling; 2-3—Module charge; 2-4—Breech; 2-5—Breeze; 3-1—Barometer; 3-2—Controller; 3-3—Power supply; 3-4—Cable; 4—Cartridge; 4-1—Cartridge wall; 4-1-1—Flash hole; 4-2—Cartridge base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] The artillery ignition system based on a baseless artillery shell disclosed in this embodiment is applied to the firing of artillery shells with modular charges.

[0023] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the artillery ignition system includes an ignition unit, a launch unit, and a control unit;

[0024] The ignition section includes a first-launch shell ignition section 1-1, a gas cylinder 1-2 and an ignition tube 1-3; wherein, the first-launch shell ignition section 1-1 includes an automatic primer loader 1-1-1 and a firing device 1-1-2; the gas cylinder 1-2 is used to provide ignition for continuous firing; the automatic primer loader 1-1-1 in the first-launch shell ignition section 1-1 is connected to the ignition tube 1-3 through the primer tube 1-4, and a primer valve 1-4-1 is provided on the primer tube 1-4 to control the opening and closing of the primer tube 1-4.

[0025] An ignition valve 1-3-1 is provided at the position where the ignition tube 1-3 exits the combustion cylinder 1-2, for controlling the opening and closing of the ignition tube 1-3; a pressure-resistant valve 1-3-2 is provided at the position where the ignition tube 1-3 exits the gun barrel, which closes after ignition to prevent gas from entering the ignition tube 1-3 and the combustion cylinder 1-2 under high pressure. The pressure-resistant valve 1-3-2 itself can withstand the higher air pressure during the shooting process.

[0026] The gas cylinder 1-2 is fixedly installed on the breech of the launch part. It is a hollow cylindrical structure. The cylinder wall is provided with an ignition tube 1-3 mounting hole and an air pressure and temperature gauge mounting hole, which are used to install the ignition tube 1-3 and the air pressure and temperature gauge 3-1 respectively. The air pressure and temperature gauge 3-1 is used to measure the air pressure and temperature inside the gas cylinder 1-2.

[0027] The fuel cell 1-2 is a double-layer structure, with a pressure-resistant shell 1-2-1 inside and a heat-insulating layer 1-2-2 outside. The fuel cell 1-2 is connected to the chamber of the barrel through the ignition tube 1-3.

[0028] The launching part includes: a projectile 2-1, a barrel 2-2, a modular charge 2-3, a breech block 2-4, and a breech block 2-5; the inner bore of the barrel 2-2 is composed of a chamber cavity 2-2-1, a sloped bore portion 2-2-2, and a rifling portion 2-2-3 from back to front, and the projectile 2-1 moves forward from the sloped bore portion; the rear end of the barrel cooperates with the breech block 2-4 to achieve sealing of the barrel 2-2, and the breech block 2-4 moves in the breech block 2-5.

[0029] The control unit includes a pressure and temperature gauge 3-1, a controller 3-2, a power supply 3-3 and a cable 3-4; a pressure and temperature gauge is provided on the gas cylinder 1-2 to measure the pressure and temperature inside the gas cylinder 1-2; the ignition valve 1-3-1, the primer valve 1-4-1, the pressure-resistant valve 1-3-2 and the pressure and temperature gauge are connected to the controller through cables, and the power supply is used to power the entire system.

[0030] The working principle of the artillery ignition system based on the bottomless artillery shell disclosed in the present invention is as follows:

[0031] When shooting, turn on the controller switch, load the first round of shells (including projectiles 2-1 and modular charges 2-3) and close the latch (latch body 2-4 seals the tail of the barrel 2-2). The barometric temperature gauge detects that there is no gas in the gas cylinder 1-2 or the gas pressure and temperature are insufficient. The controller closes the ignition valve 1-3-1, opens the primer valve 1-4-1 and the pressure-resistant valve 1-3-2. After firing, the firing device 1-1-2 fires the primer on the automatic primer loader 1-1-1. The flame enters the chamber through the primer tube 1-4 and the ignition tube 1-3, igniting the propellant (module charge 2-3). This process is similar to traditional primer firing. After firing, the pressure-resistant valve 1-3-2 and the primer valve 1-4-1 are immediately closed; the module charge 2-3 burns to generate high-temperature and high-pressure gas, which expands behind the projectile 2-1 in the barrel 2-2, pushing the projectile forward. After the projectile is ejected, the controller opens the pressure-resistant valve 1-3-2 and the ignition valve. Valve 1-3-1, the gunpowder gas in the barrel 2-2 enters the gas cylinder 1-2 through the ignition tube 1-3. When the gas pressure reaches a certain value (usually greater than the ignition pressure and less than the starting pressure, such as the ignition pressure of a certain type of shell is 3MPa and the starting pressure is 30MPa, and the value can be set to 20-25MPa), the ignition valve 1-3-1 is closed; when the next shell is loaded, the pressure and temperature gauge detects that the gas pressure and temperature of the gas cylinder 1-2 meet the requirements (such as the pressure is greater than 10MPa and the temperature is greater than 400℃), the controller opens the ignition valve 1-3-1, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the gas cylinder 1-2 enters the powder chamber, igniting the propellant, and then closes the pressure-resistant valve 1-3-2 and the ignition valve 1-3-1; after the second shell is fired, the pressure-resistant valve 1-3-2 and the ignition valve 1-3-1 are opened again to fill the gas cylinder 1-2 with gas, and this is repeated to ensure that each shell can be reliably ignited during continuous shooting.

[0032] Even if the gun is not firing continuously, if the interval between shots is short and the pressure and temperature gauges detect that the gas pressure and temperature in gas cylinder 1-2 meet ignition requirements, gas cylinder 1-2 can be used for ignition. When the gun determines that it will no longer fire, the controller opens ignition valve 1-3-1, discharging the gas in gas cylinder 1-2 through the inner bore of barrel 2-2 and out the muzzle.

[0033] Generally, the maximum chamber pressure during artillery firing is 250-350 MPa, and the chamber pressure when the projectile is ejected is also 80-100 MPa, which far exceeds the requirement of charging the gas cylinder 1-2 with a pressure of 20-25 MPa. The temperature of the gunpowder gas during artillery firing can reach 3000°C, so the temperature of the gas in the gas cylinder 1-2 can be guaranteed to be higher than the ignition point of the propellant (usually around 300°C).

[0034] Example 2

[0035] The ignition system disclosed in the present invention can also be applied to cartridge-fixed artillery shells and cartridge-separated artillery shells. The artillery ignition system includes an ignition unit, a launch unit, and a control unit.

[0036] The launching part includes: projectile 2-1, barrel 2-2, breech block 2-4, breech block 2-5 and cartridge 4 (containing propellant); the inner bore of the barrel 2-2 is composed of chamber cavity 2-2-1, sloped bore portion 2-2-2 and rifling portion 2-2-3 from back to front, the projectile 2-2 abuts against the sloped bore portion 2-2-2 and starts to move forward from the sloped bore portion 2-2-2; the tail of the barrel 2-2 cooperates with the breech block 2-4 to achieve sealing of the barrel 2-2, and the breech block 2-4 moves in the breech block 2-5.

[0037] like Figure 3 As shown, the cartridge 4 comprises a cartridge wall 4-1 and a cartridge bottom 4-2, and no primer is provided on the cartridge bottom 4-2.

[0038] The cartridge wall 4-1 is provided with a fire transmission hole 4-1-1 in the circumference thereof, and the fire transmission hole 4-1-1 is filled with combustible material;

[0039] The technical solution of the remaining parts in the ignition system is the same as that in Implementation 1.

[0040] The working principle is: during ignition, the flame enters the chamber through the ignition tubes 1-3, ignites the combustible material in the fire hole, and then enters the cartridge case to ignite the propellant.

[0041] This invention uses gunpowder gas to achieve ignition for continuous shooting, which can realize the primer-less design of artillery shells. It is an important innovation in the artillery ignition device. Taking into account the ignition of the first round of artillery shells, it adopts the mature automatic primer loader 1-1-1 and firing device 1-1-2 scheme.

[0042] In the present invention, those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the claims attached to this application.

Claims

1. A gun ignition system based on a bottomless artillery shell, characterized in that: It includes ignition unit, launching unit and control unit; The ignition unit is used to ignite the module charge, the launch unit is used to eject the projectile at high speed, and the control unit is used to control the artillery ignition system as a whole; the ignition unit includes a first-shot artillery shell ignition unit (1-1), a gas cylinder (1-2) and an ignition tube (1-3); the gas cylinder (1-2) is connected to the launch unit through the ignition tube (1-3); The first-shot shell ignition unit (1-1) includes an automatic primer loader (1-1-1) and a firing device (1-1-2); the automatic primer loader (1-1-1) in the first-shot shell ignition unit is connected to the ignition tube (1-3) through the primer tube (1-4), and a primer valve (1-4-1) is provided on the primer tube (1-4) to control the opening and closing of the primer tube (1-4); An ignition valve (1-3-1) is provided at the position where the ignition tube (1-3) exits the combustion cylinder (1-2); a pressure-resistant valve (1-3-2) is provided at the position where the ignition tube (1-3) exits the gun tube; The control unit includes an air pressure and temperature meter (3-1) and a controller (3-2); The gas pressure and temperature gauge detects that there is no gas in the gas cylinder (1-2) or the gas pressure and temperature are insufficient. The controller (3-2) closes the ignition valve (1-3-1) and opens the primer valve (1-4-1) and the pressure-resistant valve (1-3-2). After firing, the firing device (1-1-2) fires the primer on the automatic primer loader (1-1-1). The flame enters the barrel chamber through the primer tube (1-4) and the ignition tube (1-3), igniting the modular charge. After firing, the pressure-resistant valve (1-3-2) and the primer valve (1-4-1) are immediately closed. The modular charge burns, pushing the projectile forward. After the projectile is ejected from the barrel, the controller opens the pressure-resistant valve (1-3-2) and the ignition valve (1-3-1), and the gunpowder gas in the barrel enters the gas cylinder (1-2) through the ignition tube (1-3). When the gas pressure reaches the set value, the ignition valve (1-3-1) is closed; when the next shell is loaded, the pressure and temperature gauge detects that the gas pressure and temperature of the gas cylinder (1-2) meet the requirements, the controller opens the ignition valve (1-3-1), and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the gas cylinder (1-2) enters the barrel chamber, ignites the module charge, and then closes the pressure-resistant valve (1-3-2) and the ignition valve (1-3-1).

2. The artillery ignition system based on a bottomless artillery shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas cylinder (1-2) is a double-layer structure, with a pressure-resistant shell (1-2-1) inside and a heat-insulating layer (1-2-2) outside; the gas cylinder (1-2) is connected to the chamber cavity of the barrel through the ignition tube (1-3).

3. The artillery ignition system based on a bottomless artillery shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wall of the gas cylinder is provided with an ignition tube (1-3) mounting hole and a gas pressure and temperature gauge mounting hole, which are used for mounting the ignition tube (1-3) and the gas pressure and temperature gauge (3-1) respectively.

4. The artillery ignition system based on a bottomless artillery shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The firing part (2) comprises: a projectile (2-1), a barrel (2-2), a modular charge (2-3), a breech block (2-4), and a breech block (2-5); the inner bore of the barrel (2-2) is composed of a chamber cavity (2-2-1), a sloped bore portion (2-2-2), and a rifling portion (2-2-3) from the back to the front, and the projectile (2-1) moves forward from the sloped bore portion; the rear end of the barrel cooperates with the breech block (2-4) to achieve sealing of the barrel (2-2), and the breech block (2-4) moves within the breech block (2-5).

5. The artillery ignition system based on a bottomless artillery shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control unit also includes: a power supply (3-3) and a cable (3-4); a gas pressure and temperature gauge is arranged on the gas cylinder (1-2) to measure the gas pressure and temperature in the gas cylinder (1-2); the ignition valve (1-3-1), the primer valve (1-4-1), the pressure-resistant valve (1-3-2), and the gas pressure and temperature gauge are connected to the controller through the cable, and the power supply is used to supply power to the entire system.

6. The artillery ignition system based on a bottomless artillery shell according to claim 4, characterized in that: The launching part comprises a cartridge (4), the cartridge (4) comprising a cartridge wall (4-1) and a cartridge bottom (4-2), no primer is provided on the cartridge bottom (4-2), and a fire transmission hole (4-1-1) is provided circumferentially on the cartridge wall.

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