Comprehensive energy system optimization scheduling method, device, equipment and medium

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of comprehensive energy systems, in particular to an optimal scheduling method, device and equipment for a comprehensive energy system and a medium, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out mechanism modeling on a hydrogen fuel cell, and carrying out the quantitative analysis of the variable working condition cogeneration characteristics of the hydrogen fuel cell in a feasible region through a piecewise linearization method; taking the minimum sum of the stepped carbon transaction cost, the energy purchase cost and the wind curtailment cost as a target, and establishing a target function of the integrated energy system optimization scheduling considering the thermoelectric variable working condition characteristics of the hydrogen fuel cell; establishing an optimization scheduling constraint condition considering the thermoelectric coupling hydrogen fuel cell; on the basis of a thermoelectric coupling curve obtained by the mechanism model, constructing a comprehensive energy system scheduling model considering the thermoelectric variable working condition characteristics of the hydrogen fuel cell by using a target function and constraint conditions; and solving the integrated energy system scheduling model to obtain the integrated energy system optimal scheduling method. Efficient integration and utilization of renewable energy sources, hydrogen energy and other clean energy sources are promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of integrated energy systems, and in particular to an integrated energy system optimization scheduling method, device, equipment and medium. Background Art

[0002] Against the backdrop of the transformation of the global energy structure and my country's "carbon peak and carbon neutrality", efficient and clean energy technologies have become a research hotspot. Hydrogen fuel cells, as a device that directly converts hydrogen and oxygen into electrical energy through electrochemical reactions, show great application potential in the energy field due to their high energy conversion efficiency, zero carbon emissions and good environmental adaptability. Especially in the electric-heat-hydrogen integrated energy system, hydrogen fuel cells are not only an important part of the power supply, but also further improve the overall energy efficiency of the system through heat recovery and utilization. However, the cogeneration of hydrogen fuel cells changes with operating conditions, such as load current, operating temperature, flow rate of hydrogen and oxygen, humidity inside the battery, etc. These factors are directly related to the stable operation and economic benefits of the system.

[0003] As a multi-source heterogeneous coupling system, the electricity-heat-gas integrated energy system can meet the load demand by coordinating the dispatch of different energy sources, thereby achieving efficient use of energy. At present, many studies have been carried out on the electricity-heat-gas integrated energy system, mainly focusing on improving energy utilization, promoting low-carbon operation of the system and improving operational flexibility. However, most of the modeling of cogeneration systems in the studies is a linear model, ignoring that the thermal output power of the equipment in actual operation is affected by various factors such as operating temperature and oxygen concentration. Therefore, there is a deviation between the obtained simulation experimental data and the actual operation data, which makes it difficult for the dispatching strategy to adapt to the dynamic changes in actual operation.

[0004] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to deepen the understanding of the overall background technology of the present invention, and should not be regarded as acknowledging or suggesting in any form that the information constitutes the prior art already known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a method, device, equipment and medium for optimizing and scheduling an integrated energy system, thereby effectively solving the problems in the background technology.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a comprehensive energy system optimization scheduling method, comprising the following steps:

[0007] The mechanism modeling of hydrogen fuel cells is carried out, and the variable-operating-condition combined heat and power characteristics within the feasible domain are quantitatively analyzed by means of piecewise linearization method.

[0008] With the goal of minimizing the sum of the tiered carbon trading cost, energy purchase cost and wind curtailment cost, an objective function for optimizing the dispatch of an integrated energy system considering the variable operating characteristics of hydrogen fuel cell thermal power is established;

[0009] Establish optimal scheduling constraints including consideration of thermoelectric coupled hydrogen fuel cells;

[0010] Based on the thermoelectric coupling curve obtained from the mechanism model, a comprehensive energy system scheduling model considering the thermoelectric variable operating characteristics of the hydrogen fuel cell is constructed with the objective function and constraint conditions;

[0011] The integrated energy system scheduling model is solved to obtain an integrated energy system optimization scheduling method.

[0012] Furthermore, the mechanism modeling of the hydrogen fuel cell includes:

[0013] Output voltage of hydrogen fuel cell The expression is:

[0014] ;

[0015] In the formula, is the activation / electrochemical polarization voltage, is the ohmic polarization voltage, is the concentration polarization voltage; represents the thermodynamic electromotive force of the battery, represents the Gibbs free energy, represents the standard molar entropy, is the Faraday constant, represents the hydrogen partial pressure in the anode channel, represents the oxygen partial pressure in the cathode channel, is the gas constant, Indicates the operating temperature, represents the reference temperature, , , represents the model coefficients obtained through experimental data, represents the concentration of dissolved oxygen at the cathode catalyst interface, Represents the external current, Represents the internal resistance of the battery, Represents the battery operating factor, represents the actual current density, Indicates the maximum current density;

[0016] Hydrogen fuel cell output power The calculation formula is as follows:

[0017] ;

[0018] Output heat power It is expressed as follows:

[0019] .

[0020] Furthermore, the piecewise linearization method is used to quantitatively analyze the variable-operating-condition cogeneration characteristics within the feasible domain, including:

[0021] Each thermoelectric power curve under variable working conditions is subjected to piecewise linearization, and the linear relationship between electric power and thermal power in different intervals is established, as follows:

[0022] ;

[0023] In the formula, and It represents the relationship coefficient of the thermoelectric power function output by the hydrogen fuel cell in the xth interval when the temperature is T. Indicates the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell when the temperature is T, Indicates the starting point of the segment of the xth interval;

[0024] Under the premise of the same thermal power, the upper and lower bound function relationship that the electric power needs to follow is shown in the following formula:

[0025] .

[0026] Furthermore, the objective function C includes:

[0027] The goal is to minimize the total operating cost, including the cost of purchasing energy , the cost of wind curtailment and carbon trading costs , the formula is as follows:

[0028] .

[0029] Furthermore, the energy purchase cost include:

[0030] ;

[0031] In the formula, is the unit heat price, is the unit gas price, is the power purchase amount of the superior at time t, is the gas purchase volume at time t, where T is 24 times a day;

[0032] The cost of wind curtailment include:

[0033] ;

[0034] In the formula, is the unit wind curtailment cost, is the wind abandonment volume at time t;

[0035] The carbon trading costs Includes: carbon emission quotas, actual carbon emissions and tiered carbon trading.

[0036] Furthermore, the carbon emission quota calculation formula is as follows:

[0037] ;

[0038] In the formula, For carbon emission quota, , , Carbon emission quota for electricity purchase, combined heat and power (CHP) and gas boiler GB. , The unit carbon emission quota for coal-fired units and gas-fired units, is the electric power output of CHP at time t, is the thermal power output of CHP at time t, is the thermal power output by GB at time t;

[0039] The actual carbon emissions calculation formula is as follows:

[0040] ;

[0041] In the formula, is the actual carbon emissions, The actual carbon emissions of electricity purchased from the superior, is the actual carbon absorption of the methane reactor MR, , , and , , are the carbon emission calculation coefficients of the upper coal-fired units and gas equipment, is the gas production power of MR at time t;

[0042] The tiered carbon trading includes:

[0043] The carbon trading volume participating in the carbon trading market is the difference between actual carbon emissions and carbon trading quotas:

[0044] ;

[0045] A tiered pricing mechanism is implemented for this part of carbon trading volume, and the calculation formula for transaction costs is as follows:

[0046] ;

[0047] In the formula, is the carbon trading base price, l is the segment interval, is the price growth rate.

[0048] Furthermore, the constraints include:

[0049] Hydrogen fuel cell operation constraints, the hydrogen fuel cell constraints including: hydrogen consumption power constraints and thermal power output constraints;

[0050] Wind power output constraints, the wind power output constraints include: wind power output upper and lower limit constraints;

[0051] Cogeneration equipment operation constraints, the cogeneration equipment operation constraints include: cogeneration CHP operation constraints, electrolyzer EL operation constraints, methane reactor MR operation constraints, gas boiler GB operation constraints, electric power balance constraints, thermal power balance constraints, gas power balance constraints, hydrogen power balance constraints;

[0052] Energy storage operation constraints, the energy storage operation constraints include: charging and discharging power constraints, initial and final state constraints, charging and discharging state constraints, and capacity constraints.

[0053] Furthermore, the hydrogen fuel cell operation constraints include:

[0054] Hydrogen consumption power constraint:

[0055] ;

[0056] In the formula, is the power generated by the hydrogen fuel cell at time t, The power generation efficiency of hydrogen fuel cells, The hydrogen power consumed by hydrogen fuel cells, and are the minimum and maximum hydrogen consumption power of hydrogen fuel cells, and They are the minimum and maximum climbing power of hydrogen fuel cell with hydrogen consumption respectively;

[0057] Thermal power output constraints:

[0058] ;

[0059] .

[0060] Furthermore, the wind power output constraint includes:

[0061] ;

[0062] In the formula, is the actual wind power output at time t, is the maximum wind power output at time t.

[0063] Furthermore, the cogeneration equipment operation constraints include:

[0064] CHP operation constraints:

[0065] ;

[0066] In the formula, and are the power generation efficiency and heating efficiency of CHP respectively, is the power generated by CHP consuming natural gas at time t, and are the minimum and maximum gas consumption power of CHP, and They are the minimum and maximum climbing power of CHP gas consumption, and They are the upper and lower limits of CHP thermal-to-electricity ratio respectively;

[0067] EL operation constraints:

[0068] ;

[0069] In the formula, is the power of hydrogen produced by EL at time t, is the power consumed by EL at time t, is the hydrogen production efficiency of EL, and are the minimum and maximum power consumed by EL, and They are the minimum power consumption and maximum climbing power of EL respectively;

[0070] MR operation constraints:

[0071] ;

[0072] In the formula, is the power consumed by MR at time t, is the gas production efficiency of MR, and are the minimum and maximum power of MR hydrogen consumption, and They are the minimum and maximum climbing power of MR hydrogen consumption respectively;

[0073] GB operation constraints:

[0074] ;

[0075] In the formula, is the gas consumption power of GB at time t, is the heating efficiency of GB, and are the minimum and maximum power of GB gas consumption, and They are GB with minimum gas consumption and maximum climbing power respectively.

[0076] Furthermore, the energy storage operation constraints include:

[0077] ;

[0078] In the formula, and are the charging and discharging powers of the x-th energy storage device at time t, and are the charging and discharging state parameters of the x-th energy storage device at time t, is the maximum power of a single charge and discharge of the x-th energy storage device, is the final power of the x-th energy storage device at the end of time t, and are the charging and discharging efficiencies of the x-th energy storage device, is the capacity of the x-th energy storage device at time t, is the rated capacity of the x-th energy storage device, and are the minimum and maximum capacities of the x-th type of energy storage device respectively.

[0079] Furthermore, solving the integrated energy system scheduling model includes:

[0080] Based on the MATLAB simulation platform, Yalmip is used to call the GUROBI solver to solve the integrated energy system scheduling model considering the thermoelectric variable operating characteristics of hydrogen fuel cells, and the output of each device in the integrated energy system at each moment is obtained.

[0081] The present invention also includes an optimized dispatching device for an electric, heat and gas integrated energy system, using the above method, the device comprising:

[0082] Linearization unit, used to model the mechanism of hydrogen fuel cells and quantitatively analyze their variable-operating-condition combined heat and power characteristics within the feasible domain by means of piecewise linearization method;

[0083] The target unit is used to establish the objective function of optimizing the scheduling of the integrated energy system considering the variable operating characteristics of hydrogen fuel cell thermal power, with the goal of minimizing the sum of the step-by-step carbon trading cost, energy purchase cost and wind curtailment cost;

[0084] A constraint unit, used to establish optimal scheduling constraints including consideration of thermoelectric coupled hydrogen fuel cells;

[0085] A modeling unit, for constructing a comprehensive energy system scheduling model taking into account the thermoelectric variable operating characteristics of hydrogen fuel cells based on the thermoelectric coupling curve obtained from the mechanism model and the objective function and constraint conditions;

[0086] A solving unit is used to solve the integrated energy system scheduling model to obtain an optimized scheduling method for the integrated energy system.

[0087] The present invention also includes a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, the method described above is implemented.

[0088] The present invention also includes a storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method described above is implemented.

[0089] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention can analyze the power response capability of hydrogen fuel cells under complex working conditions such as load current and ambient temperature fluctuations through simulation, and deeply analyze the efficiency, stability and coupling characteristics of electrical and thermal energy output. Greatly improve the adaptability and accuracy of the integrated energy system model to the real complex operating environment; improve and expand the integrated energy management framework. By integrating the hydrogen fuel cell thermoelectric variable working condition optimization scheduling module, it can not only strengthen the coordination and balance between the energy flows within the integrated energy system, but also promote the efficient integration and utilization of renewable energy and clean energy such as hydrogen energy. The improvement of this framework provides theoretical support and practical guidance for building a low-carbon, efficient and sustainable energy system; establish an optimized scheduling model for the electric-heat-gas integrated energy system that considers the thermoelectric variable working condition characteristics of hydrogen fuel cells. By dynamically adjusting the operating parameters of hydrogen fuel cells and coordinating scheduling with other energy conversion units, the optimization space of the integrated energy system is explored, and the goal of minimizing the total system cost while meeting diversified energy needs is achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0090] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0091] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the method in Example 1;

[0092] Figure 2It is a structural schematic diagram of the device in Example 1;

[0093] Figure 3 It is the various loads and wind power output diagram in Example 2;

[0094] Figure 4 is the thermal power of the single cell at different temperatures in Example 2;

[0095] Figure 5 is the electric power of the single cell at different temperatures in Example 2;

[0096] Figure 6 The power and thermal-electric ratio variation diagram in Example 2;

[0097] Figure 7 It is the piecewise linear partition diagram in Example 2;

[0098] Figure 8 This is the wind power output comparison in Example 2;

[0099] Fig. 9 This is a comparison diagram of the electric power under the fixed thermoelectric ratio and the thermoelectric variable working condition characteristics in Example 2;

[0100] Fig.10 This is a comparison diagram of thermal power under a fixed thermoelectric ratio and considering the thermoelectric variable working condition characteristics in Example 2;

[0101] Fig.11 This is a comparison diagram of the gas power under the fixed heat-to-electricity ratio and the characteristics of the thermoelectric conversion working condition in Example 2;

[0102] Fig.12 This is a graph showing the change in thermoelectric ratio of a hydrogen fuel cell in Example 2;

[0103] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0104] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0105] Embodiment 1:

[0106] like Figure 1 As shown: A comprehensive energy system optimization scheduling method includes the following steps:

[0107] The mechanism modeling of hydrogen fuel cells is carried out, and the variable-operating-condition combined heat and power characteristics within the feasible domain are quantitatively analyzed by means of piecewise linearization method.

[0108] With the goal of minimizing the sum of the tiered carbon trading cost, energy purchase cost and wind curtailment cost, an objective function for optimizing the dispatch of an integrated energy system considering the variable operating characteristics of hydrogen fuel cell thermal power is established;

[0109] Establish optimal scheduling constraints including consideration of thermoelectric coupled hydrogen fuel cells;

[0110] Based on the thermoelectric coupling curve obtained from the mechanism model, a comprehensive energy system scheduling model considering the thermoelectric variable operating characteristics of hydrogen fuel cells is constructed with objective functions and constraints;

[0111] The integrated energy system scheduling model is solved to obtain the optimal scheduling method for the integrated energy system.

[0112] In this embodiment, the mechanism modeling of the hydrogen fuel cell includes:

[0113] In actual operation, hydrogen fuel cells will produce a series of irreversible voltage losses, making the actual output voltage of the battery unable to reach the ideal value. These irreversible voltage losses are also called polarization voltages, which are mainly divided into three types: activation / electrochemical polarization voltage , Ohmic polarization voltage and concentration polarization voltage The output voltage expression of a hydrogen fuel cell is:

[0114] ;

[0115] In the formula, represents the thermodynamic electromotive force of the battery, represents the Gibbs free energy, represents the standard molar entropy, is the Faraday constant, represents the hydrogen partial pressure in the anode channel, represents the oxygen partial pressure in the cathode channel, is the gas constant, Indicates the operating temperature, represents the reference temperature, , , represents the model coefficients obtained through experimental data, represents the concentration of dissolved oxygen at the cathode catalyst interface, Represents the external current, Represents the internal resistance of the battery, Represents the battery operating factor, represents the actual current density, Indicates the maximum current density.

[0116] The output power of hydrogen fuel cells The calculation formula is as follows:

[0117] ;

[0118] Analysis of the energy transfer process of the hydrogen fuel cell system shows that the final output of the system is mainly in the form of heat energy and electrical energy, so the output thermal power It can be expressed as follows:

[0119] ;

[0120] In this embodiment, the variable-operating-condition combined heat and power generation characteristics in the feasible domain are quantitatively analyzed by means of a piecewise linearization method, including:

[0121] During the power supply process of hydrogen fuel cells, the output voltage of the battery stack will produce voltage differences as the operating status changes, which will in turn affect the quality and stability of power supply and may even shorten the life of electrical equipment.

[0122] The operating temperature and external current have a particularly significant impact on the output power and efficiency of the battery stack. When the operating temperature remains unchanged, the thermal power output of the hydrogen fuel cell shows a trend of increasing with the increase of the external current. However, its electrical power output does not continue to increase linearly with the increase of the current, but there is a peak value, that is, the output electrical power increases to the extreme point and then gradually decreases with the increase of the external current. This peak value usually appears in the medium current density range. When the current density exceeds this range, the energy conversion efficiency begins to decline; when the external current remains unchanged, the thermal power output of the hydrogen fuel cell decreases with the increase of the operating temperature, and the electrical power increases with the increase of the operating temperature. At the same time, as the external current increases, the output thermal power and electrical power are more affected by the operating temperature. In addition, the electrical efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell also shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of the external current. The main reason for the change in fuel cell efficiency is that with the increase of current, the reaction rate accelerates and the efficiency increases; but when the current increases to a certain extent, the three polarization losses of activation polarization, ohmic polarization and concentration polarization increase, resulting in a downward trend in battery efficiency.

[0123] When the operating temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell is between 69.85℃ and 89.85℃, the electric power change curves corresponding to each operating temperature vary within the range of the curves at 69.85℃ and 89.85℃ as the upper and lower limits. The same is true for the thermal power curve. Since the thermal power is a monotonically increasing curve when the external current changes, the electric power first increases and then decreases. It can be seen that after considering the thermoelectric variable operating conditions characteristics of PEMFC, the operating range is a region, and when the thermoelectric characteristics of the hydrogen fuel cell are described in the form of a constant thermoelectric ratio, the operating range only moves on a straight line.

[0124] Each thermoelectric power curve under variable working conditions is subjected to piecewise linearization, and the linear relationship between electric power and thermal power in different intervals is established, as follows:

[0125] ;

[0126] In the formula, and It represents the relationship coefficient of the thermoelectric power function output by PEMFC in the xth interval when the temperature is T, Indicates the output power of PEMFC when the temperature is T, Indicates the starting point of the segment of the xth interval.

[0127] Therefore, under the premise of the same thermal power, the upper and lower bound function relationship that the electric power needs to follow can be derived, as shown in the following formula. Quantitative analysis of the flexible adjustment range of electric power provides an important theoretical basis and foundation for the optimal scheduling, energy efficiency improvement and stable operation of the system.

[0128] ;

[0129] In this embodiment, the objective function include:

[0130] The objective function is to minimize the total operating cost, which includes the cost of purchasing energy. , the cost of wind curtailment and carbon trading costs , the formula is as follows:

[0131] ;

[0132] Energy purchase cost include:

[0133] ;

[0134] In the formula, is the unit heat price, is the unit gas price, is the power purchase amount of the superior at time t, is the gas purchase volume at time t, where T is 24 times a day.

[0135] Cost of curtailment include:

[0136] ;

[0137] In the formula, For the unit to abandon the wind into, is the wind abandonment volume at time t.

[0138] Carbon trading costs include:

[0139] In order to encourage enterprises to actively adopt energy-saving and emission-reduction measures and reduce carbon emissions, the system introduces a tiered carbon trading mechanism to restrict carbon emissions.

[0140] (1) Carbon emission quota:

[0141] The tiered carbon trading mechanism first divides the carbon emission quota according to the green development situation and carbon emission level of the enterprise. This article adopts free quotas, that is, the government carbon emission trading department follows a unified allocation principle and method to provide carbon emission quotas to enterprises free of charge. If the actual carbon emissions of the enterprise are more than the free carbon emission quota allocated, it is necessary to purchase quotas in the carbon trading market. If the actual carbon emissions are less than the free carbon emission quota, the excess carbon emission quota can be put into the carbon trading market for sale. Therefore, enterprises can manage the obtained carbon emission quotas as carbon assets, formulate quota trading strategies, fulfill their obligations at low cost or obtain expected additional benefits in the trading market. This article believes that the main sources of carbon emissions are electricity purchases from superiors, CHP and GB. The carbon emission quota calculation formula is as follows:

[0142] ;

[0143] In the formula, For carbon emission quota, , , For the carbon emission quota of the upper power purchase, CHP and GB, , The unit carbon emission quota for coal-fired units and gas-fired units, is the electric power output of CHP at time t, is the thermal power output of CHP at time t, is the thermal power output by GB at time t.

[0144] (2) Actual carbon emissions:

[0145] In actual operation, the carbon emissions and equipment output power are not in a simple linear relationship. At the same time, MR will absorb some carbon dioxide during operation. The actual carbon emissions calculation formula is as follows:

[0146] ;

[0147] In the formula, is the actual carbon emissions, The actual carbon emissions of electricity purchased from the superior, is the actual carbon absorption of MR, , , and , , are the carbon emission calculation coefficients of the upper coal-fired units and gas equipment, is the gas production power of MR at time t.

[0148] (3) Tiered carbon trading:

[0149] The carbon trading volume participating in the carbon trading market is the difference between actual carbon emissions and carbon trading quotas:

[0150] ;

[0151] A tiered pricing mechanism is implemented for this part of carbon trading volume, and the calculation formula for transaction costs is as follows:

[0152] ;

[0153] In the formula, is the carbon trading base price, l is the segment interval, is the price growth rate.

[0154] In this embodiment, an optimization scheduling constraint condition based on the hydrogen fuel cell constraint considering thermoelectric coupling is established, including the following constraints:

[0155] Hydrogen fuel cell operation constraints, the hydrogen fuel cell constraints including: hydrogen consumption power constraints and thermal power output constraints;

[0156] Wind power output constraints, the wind power output constraints include: wind power output upper and lower limit constraints;

[0157] Cogeneration equipment operation constraints, the cogeneration equipment operation constraints include: CHP operation constraints, EL operation constraints, MR operation constraints, GB operation constraints, electric power balance constraints, thermal power balance constraints, gas power balance constraints, and hydrogen power balance constraints;

[0158] Energy storage operation constraints, the energy storage operation constraints include: charging and discharging power constraints, first and last state constraints, charging and discharging state constraints, and capacity constraints;

[0159] Hydrogen fuel cell operating constraints include:

[0160] Hydrogen consumption power constraint:

[0161] ;

[0162] In the formula, is the power generated by the hydrogen fuel cell at time t, The power generation efficiency of hydrogen fuel cells, The hydrogen power consumed by hydrogen fuel cells, and are the minimum and maximum hydrogen consumption power of hydrogen fuel cells, and They are the minimum hydrogen consumption and maximum climbing power of hydrogen fuel cells respectively.

[0163] Thermal power output constraints:

[0164] ;

[0165] ;

[0166] Wind and solar power plant constraints include:

[0167] ;

[0168] In the formula, is the actual wind power output at time t, is the maximum wind power output at time t.

[0169] The operating constraints of CHP equipment include:

[0170] CHP operation constraints:

[0171] ;

[0172] In the formula, and are the power generation efficiency and heating efficiency of CHP respectively, is the power generated by CHP consuming natural gas at time t, and are the minimum and maximum gas consumption power of CHP, and They are the minimum and maximum climbing power of CHP gas consumption, and They are the upper and lower limits of CHP heat-to-electricity ratio respectively.

[0173] EL operation constraints:

[0174] ;

[0175] In the formula, is the power of hydrogen produced by EL at time t, is the power consumed by EL at time t, is the hydrogen production efficiency of EL, and are the minimum and maximum power consumed by EL, and They are the minimum power consumption and maximum climbing power of EL respectively.

[0176] MR operation constraints:

[0177] ;

[0178] In the formula, is the power consumed by MR at time t, is the gas production efficiency of MR, and are the minimum and maximum power of MR hydrogen consumption, and They are the minimum hydrogen consumption and maximum climbing power of MR respectively.

[0179] GB operation constraints:

[0180] ;

[0181] In the formula, is the gas consumption power of GB at time t, is the heating efficiency of GB, and are the minimum and maximum power of GB gas consumption, and They are GB with minimum gas consumption and maximum climbing power respectively.

[0182] Energy storage operation constraints include:

[0183] ;

[0184] In the formula, and are the charging and discharging powers of the x-th energy storage device at time t, and are the charging and discharging state parameters of the x-th energy storage device at time t, is the maximum power of a single charge and discharge of the x-th energy storage device, is the final power of the x-th energy storage device at the end of time t, and are the charging and discharging efficiencies of the x-th energy storage device, is the capacity of the x-th energy storage device at time t, is the rated capacity of the x-th energy storage device, and are the minimum and maximum capacities of the x-th type of energy storage device respectively.

[0185] As a preferred embodiment of the above, solving the scheduling model of the electric-heat-gas integrated energy system considering the thermoelectric variable operating characteristics of the hydrogen fuel cell includes:

[0186] Based on the MATLAB simulation platform, Yalmip is used to call the GUROBI solver to solve the scheduling model of the electric-heat-gas integrated energy system considering the thermoelectric variable operating characteristics of the hydrogen fuel cell, and the output of each device in the integrated energy system at each moment is obtained.

[0187] This embodiment scheme can analyze the power response capability of hydrogen fuel cells under complex working conditions such as load current and ambient temperature fluctuations through simulation, and deeply analyze the efficiency, stability and coupling characteristics of electrical and thermal energy output. Greatly improve the adaptability and accuracy of the integrated energy system model to the real complex operating environment; improve and expand the integrated energy management framework. By integrating the hydrogen fuel cell thermoelectric variable working condition optimization scheduling module, it can not only strengthen the coordination and balance between the energy flows within the integrated energy system, but also promote the efficient integration and utilization of renewable energy and clean energy such as hydrogen energy. The improvement of this framework provides theoretical support and practical guidance for building a low-carbon, efficient and sustainable energy system; establish an optimized scheduling model for the electric-heat-gas integrated energy system considering the thermoelectric variable working condition characteristics of hydrogen fuel cells. By dynamically adjusting the operating parameters of hydrogen fuel cells and coordinating with other energy conversion units, the optimization space of the integrated energy system is excavated, and the goal of minimizing the total system cost while meeting diversified energy needs is achieved.

[0188] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment also includes an optimization scheduling device for an electric, heat and gas integrated energy system, using the above method, the device includes:

[0189] Linearization unit, used to model the mechanism of hydrogen fuel cells and quantitatively analyze their variable-operating-condition combined heat and power characteristics within the feasible domain by means of piecewise linearization method;

[0190] The target unit is used to establish the objective function of optimizing the scheduling of the integrated energy system considering the variable operating characteristics of hydrogen fuel cell thermal power, with the goal of minimizing the sum of the step-by-step carbon trading cost, energy purchase cost and wind curtailment cost;

[0191] A constraint unit, used to establish optimal scheduling constraints including consideration of thermoelectric coupled hydrogen fuel cells;

[0192] Modeling unit, used to construct a comprehensive energy system scheduling model taking into account the thermoelectric variable operating characteristics of hydrogen fuel cells based on the thermoelectric coupling curve obtained by the mechanism model and the objective function and constraint conditions;

[0193] The solving unit is used to solve the integrated energy system scheduling model and obtain the integrated energy system optimization scheduling method.

[0194] Embodiment 2:

[0195] In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the electric-heat-gas integrated energy system scheduling method provided by the present invention that takes into account the thermoelectric variable operating characteristics of hydrogen fuel cells, it is described below in conjunction with specific application scenarios.

[0196] The embodiment of the present invention comprises a battery pack consisting of 13 single batteries, a wind power station and a series of cogeneration equipment, various loads such as electrical load, thermal load, gas load and wind power output such as Figure 3 The electricity price adopts the time-of-use electricity price, the gas price is 0.35 yuan / (kW·h), and the wind curtailment cost is 0.2 yuan / (kW·h).

[0197] During the power supply process of hydrogen fuel cells, the output voltage of the battery stack will produce voltage differences as the operating state changes, which will affect the quality and stability of the power supply and may even shorten the life of the electrical equipment. The operating temperature and external current have a particularly significant impact on the output power and efficiency of the battery stack. A simulation analysis of the hydrogen fuel cell thermoelectric coupling model built on the Simulink simulation platform was performed, and the external current was set to increase linearly from 1A to 51A with a slope of 1A / s. The thermal power and electric power curves of the hydrogen fuel cell at different temperatures were simulated and traversed. Figure 4 , 5 shown.

[0198] Depend on Figure 4 and Figure 5 It can be seen that when the operating temperature remains unchanged, the thermal power output of the hydrogen fuel cell shows a trend of increasing with the increase of the external current. However, its electrical power output does not continue to increase linearly with the increase of the current, but there is a peak value, that is, the output electrical power first increases to the extreme point and then gradually decreases with the increase of the external current. This peak value usually appears in the medium current density range. When the current density exceeds this range, the energy conversion efficiency begins to decrease; further longitudinal analysis Figure 4 and Figure 5 It can be seen that when the external current remains unchanged, the thermal power output of the hydrogen fuel cell decreases with the increase of the operating temperature, and the electrical power increases with the increase of the operating temperature. At the same time, as the external current increases, the output thermal power and electrical power are more affected by the operating temperature. In addition, the electrical efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell also shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of the external current.

[0199] The main reason for the change in fuel cell efficiency is that as the current increases, the reaction rate accelerates and the efficiency increases; but when the current increases to a certain level, the three polarization losses of activation polarization, ohmic polarization and concentration polarization increase, resulting in a downward trend in battery efficiency.

[0200] From the above analysis, it can be seen that when the operating temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell is between 69.85℃ and 89.85℃, the electric power change curves corresponding to each operating temperature are all within the range of the curves at 69.85℃ and 89.85℃ as the upper and lower limits. The same is true for the thermal power curve. Since the thermal power is a monotonically increasing curve when the external current changes, the electric power first increases and then decreases. In order to facilitate the constraint description of the thermoelectric power, the thermal-electric power and thermoelectric ratio curves at different temperatures under variable working conditions and the thermal-electric power and thermoelectric ratio curves under fixed working conditions are drawn with thermal power as the horizontal axis and electric power as the vertical axis, as shown in Figure 6 From the power and thermoelectric ratio variation diagram shown, it can be seen that after considering the thermoelectric variable operating characteristics of the hydrogen fuel cell, the operating range is a region, while when the thermoelectric characteristics of the hydrogen fuel cell are described in the form of a constant thermoelectric ratio, the operating range only moves on a straight line.

[0201] Figure 7 It is a piecewise linearization interval division diagram. Each thermoelectric power curve under variable working conditions is piecewise linearized, and the linear relationship between electric power and thermal power in different intervals is established, as follows:

[0202] ;

[0203] In the formula, and It represents the relationship coefficient of the thermoelectric power function output by the hydrogen fuel cell in the xth interval when the temperature is T. Indicates the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell when the temperature is T, Indicates the starting point of the segment of the xth interval.

[0204] Therefore, under the premise of the same thermal power, the upper and lower bound function relationship that the electric power needs to follow can be derived, as shown in the following formula. Quantitative analysis of the flexible adjustment range of electric power provides an important theoretical basis and foundation for the optimal scheduling, energy efficiency improvement and stable operation of the system.

[0205] ;

[0206] Compared with the traditional method of describing thermoelectric characteristics with a constant thermoelectric ratio, the advantages of the variable operating condition characteristics based on the fuel cell mechanism model can be summarized as follows through the above analysis:

[0207] 1. Through the refined modeling of fuel cells, the response capability of fuel cell systems under different working conditions can be more accurately predicted and optimized, which is more in line with the operating behavior in actual energy systems;

[0208] 2. The variable operating conditions of fuel cells can adapt to the changing operating requirements of the system, provide richer and more diverse decision-making solutions for the energy system's regulation strategy, and enhance the adaptability and flexibility of the energy system.

[0209] Then, the objective function of the electricity-heat-gas integrated energy system scheduling considering the thermoelectric variable operating characteristics of hydrogen fuel cells is established as follows:

[0210] The objective function is to minimize the total operating cost, which includes the cost of purchasing energy. , the cost of wind curtailment and carbon trading costs :

[0211] ;

[0212] Energy purchase cost include:

[0213] ;

[0214] In the formula, is the unit heat price, is the unit gas price, is the power purchase amount of the superior at time t, is the gas purchase volume at time t, where T is 24 times a day.

[0215] Cost of curtailment include:

[0216] ;

[0217] In the formula, For the unit to abandon the wind into, is the wind abandonment volume at time t.

[0218] Carbon trading costs include:

[0219] In order to encourage enterprises to actively adopt energy-saving and emission-reduction measures and reduce carbon emissions, the system introduces a tiered carbon trading mechanism to restrict carbon emissions.

[0220] (1) Carbon emission quota;

[0221] The tiered carbon trading mechanism first divides the carbon emission quota according to the green development situation and carbon emission level of the enterprise. This article adopts free quotas, that is, the government carbon emission trading department follows a unified allocation principle and method to provide carbon emission quotas to enterprises free of charge. If the actual carbon emissions of the enterprise are more than the free carbon emission quota allocated, it is necessary to purchase quotas in the carbon trading market. If the actual carbon emissions are less than the free carbon emission quota, the excess carbon emission quota can be put into the carbon trading market for sale. Therefore, enterprises can manage the obtained carbon emission quotas as carbon assets, formulate quota trading strategies, fulfill their obligations at low cost or obtain expected additional benefits in the trading market. This article believes that the main sources of carbon emissions are electricity purchases from superiors, CHP and GB. The carbon emission quota calculation formula is as follows:

[0222] ;

[0223] In the formula, For carbon emission quota, , , For the carbon emission quota of the upper power purchase, CHP and GB, , The unit carbon emission quota for coal-fired units and gas-fired units, is the electric power output of CHP at time t, is the thermal power output of CHP at time t, is the thermal power output by GB at time t.

[0224] (2) Actual carbon emissions;

[0225] In actual operation, the carbon emissions and equipment output power are not in a simple linear relationship. At the same time, MR will absorb some carbon dioxide during operation. The actual carbon emissions calculation formula is as follows:

[0226] ;

[0227] In the formula, is the actual carbon emissions, The actual carbon emissions of electricity purchased from the superior, is the actual carbon absorption of MR, , , and , , are the carbon emission calculation coefficients of the upper coal-fired units and gas equipment, is the gas production power of MR at time t.

[0228] (3) Tiered carbon trading;

[0229] The carbon trading volume participating in the carbon trading market is the difference between actual carbon emissions and carbon trading quotas:

[0230] ;

[0231] A tiered pricing mechanism is implemented for this part of carbon trading volume, and the calculation formula for transaction costs is as follows:

[0232] ;

[0233] In the formula, is the carbon trading base price, l is the segment interval, is the price growth rate.

[0234] Then, the optimal scheduling constraints considering the thermoelectric coupling of hydrogen fuel cells are established as follows:

[0235] Hydrogen fuel cell operation constraints:

[0236] ;

[0237] In the formula, is the power generated by the hydrogen fuel cell at time t, The power generation efficiency of hydrogen fuel cells, The hydrogen power consumed by hydrogen fuel cells, and are the minimum and maximum hydrogen consumption power of hydrogen fuel cells, and They are the minimum hydrogen consumption and maximum climbing power of hydrogen fuel cells respectively.

[0238] Each thermoelectric power curve under variable working conditions is subjected to piecewise linearization, and the linear relationship between electric power and thermal power in different intervals is established, as follows:

[0239] ;

[0240] In the formula, and It represents the relationship coefficient of the thermoelectric power function output by the hydrogen fuel cell in the xth interval when the temperature is T. Indicates the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell when the temperature is T, Indicates the starting point of the segment of the xth interval.

[0241] ;

[0242] Wind and solar power plant constraints:

[0243] ;

[0244] In the formula, is the actual wind power output at time t, is the maximum wind power output at time t.

[0245] CHP operation constraints:

[0246] ;

[0247] In the formula, and are the power generation efficiency and heating efficiency of CHP respectively, is the power generated by CHP consuming natural gas at time t, and are the minimum and maximum gas consumption power of CHP, and They are the minimum and maximum climbing power of CHP gas consumption, and They are the upper and lower limits of CHP heat-to-electricity ratio respectively.

[0248] EL operation constraints:

[0249] ;

[0250] In the formula, is the power of hydrogen produced by EL at time t, is the power consumed by EL at time t, is the hydrogen production efficiency of EL, and are the minimum and maximum power consumed by EL, and They are the minimum power consumption and maximum climbing power of EL respectively.

[0251] MR operation constraints:

[0252] ;

[0253] In the formula, is the power consumed by MR at time t, is the gas production efficiency of MR, and are the minimum and maximum power of MR hydrogen consumption, and They are the minimum hydrogen consumption and maximum climbing power of MR respectively.

[0254] GB operation constraints:

[0255] ;

[0256] In the formula, is the gas consumption power of GB at time t, is the heating efficiency of GB, and are the minimum and maximum power of GB gas consumption, and They are GB with minimum gas consumption and maximum climbing power respectively.

[0257] Energy storage operation constraints:

[0258] ;

[0259] In the formula, and are the charging and discharging powers of the x-th energy storage device at time t, and are the charging and discharging state parameters of the x-th energy storage device at time t, is the maximum power of a single charge and discharge of the x-th energy storage device, is the final power of the x-th energy storage device at the end of time t, and are the charging and discharging efficiencies of the x-th energy storage device, is the capacity of the x-th energy storage device at time t, is the rated capacity of the x-th energy storage device, and are the minimum and maximum capacities of the x-th type of energy storage device respectively.

[0260] The comparison of the operating costs is shown in Table 1.

[0261] Table 1 Cost comparison

[0262] cost Constant heat-to-electric ratio model Variable operating condition model Total cost / yuan 8740.3 6626.1 Energy purchase cost / yuan 6670.3 6085.7 Wind curtailment cost / yuan 13 0 Carbon trading cost / yuan 2057 540.4 Carbon emissions / kg 15397 8307.3

[0263] As can be seen from Table 1, when the variable operating conditions of hydrogen fuel cells are taken into account in scheduling, the total system cost is reduced by 2114.2 yuan, which is specifically reflected in the reduction of energy purchase costs by 584.6 yuan, indicating that by more accurately matching the real-time operating characteristics of hydrogen fuel cells with energy demand, the system can more effectively utilize existing energy resources and reduce dependence on external high-cost energy; the cost of wind abandonment is reduced by 13 yuan, reducing the waste of wind energy caused by inaccurate predictions or inflexible scheduling, and improving the utilization rate of renewable energy; the carbon trading cost is reduced by 1516.6 yuan, and carbon emissions are reduced by 46%, or 7089.7 kg, which highlights that after incorporating the variable operating conditions of hydrogen fuel cells into scheduling, the system can effectively reduce greenhouse gas emissions while meeting energy demand.

[0264] Figure 8This is a comparison chart of wind power output under two conditions. It can be seen that during the high wind power period (02:00, 04:00), when the thermoelectric characteristics of the hydrogen fuel cell are described in a constant heat-to-electricity ratio, there is wind abandonment in the system, while when the thermoelectric variable operating condition characteristics of the hydrogen fuel cell are considered, there is no wind abandonment in the system. This shows that accurate description and modeling of the thermoelectric variable operating condition characteristics of the hydrogen fuel cell not only overcomes the inaccurate calculation problem caused by ignoring this characteristic in the traditional scheduling method, but also achieves a significant reduction in the total system cost and a significant improvement in environmental benefits by optimizing resource allocation, improving energy utilization efficiency and reducing carbon emissions.

[0265] To analyze the main reasons for the reduction of system carbon emissions, we need to start from the three parts that generate carbon emissions: power purchase from the upper level, GB, and CHP. From the system framework diagram, we can see that power purchase from the upper level is used to meet the insufficient electrical load demand of the system, GB is used to meet the thermal load demand, and CHP can meet both thermal load and electrical load.

[0266] Fig. 9 and Fig.10 The electric power comparison diagram and thermal power comparison diagram are given for a certain heat-to-electric ratio and considering the operating characteristics of the thermoelectric transformer. Fig. 9 (a) does not take into account the power output of each device under the thermoelectric variable working condition characteristics of the hydrogen fuel cell, so it is impossible to make flexible adjustments; Fig. 9 (b) shows that when the variable operating characteristics of hydrogen fuel cells are taken into account, the amount of electricity purchased by the system from the upper power grid is reduced. On the one hand, this is due to the system's full absorption of new energy, and on the other hand, it is due to the CHP adjusting its output during the mid-day and low wind power periods, which increases the power output. Fig.10 (a) It can be seen that when the thermoelectric characteristics of hydrogen fuel cells are described in a constant thermoelectric ratio, the heat load demand is mainly met by hydrogen fuel cells and CHP, as well as a small amount of GB and heat storage. Fig.10 (b) It can be seen that when the thermoelectric variable operating characteristics of hydrogen fuel cells are considered, the dependence of heat load on CHP is slightly reduced, GB is no longer needed for thermal power output, and hydrogen fuel cells become the largest source of thermal power.

[0267] The above phenomenon occurs because in the optimization and dispatching of the integrated energy system, the surplus wind power is first input into the EL equipment to produce hydrogen, part of the hydrogen energy is directly supplied to the hydrogen fuel cell for cogeneration, part is stored in the hydrogen storage device as a backup energy source, and part is transported to the MR for synthesizing natural gas. Since hydrogen energy is synthesized into natural gas by MR and then transported to GB and CHP for energy supply, it will undergo multiple levels of energy conversion, which will cause energy loss. The thermal power production of hydrogen energy in hydrogen fuel cells has high energy efficiency, and at the same time reduces an intermediate energy conversion link. Therefore, hydrogen energy is preferentially transported to hydrogen fuel cells for thermal power production. Therefore, hydrogen fuel cells are in full production state at many times, and the remaining part of hydrogen energy is converted into natural gas through MR.

[0268] Fig.11 The figure is a comparison chart of gas power under the condition of constant heat-to-electricity ratio and considering the characteristics of thermoelectric transformer. Fig.11 From (a) in the figure, it can be seen that the natural gas consumed by gas load, CHP and GB is mainly met by gas purchase. Fig.11 It can be seen from (b) that the thermal load reduces the dependence on GB, thereby reducing the cost of purchasing natural gas. Therefore, when considering the thermoelectric variable operating characteristics of the hydrogen fuel cell, the purchased natural gas is only supplied to CHP and gas load.

[0269] Compared with describing the thermoelectric characteristics of hydrogen fuel cells in a constant thermoelectric ratio, the system can dynamically adjust the thermoelectric output ratio according to load demand when considering the thermoelectric variable operating characteristics of hydrogen fuel cells. The thermoelectric ratio change diagram of hydrogen fuel cells scheduled during the day is shown in the figure below: Fig.12 As shown, the figure intuitively depicts the adaptability of hydrogen fuel cells during intraday scheduling.

[0270] During the time periods of (01:00, 09:00) and (19:00, 24:00), when the electric load is slightly smaller and the heat load is larger, wind power has basically met the electric load demand, and the heat load needs to be met by heating equipment. At this time, the difference between the output electric power of the hydrogen fuel cell with thermoelectric variable operating characteristics and the thermoelectric characteristics described by a fixed heat-to-electric ratio is very small, but due to the higher flexibility of the former, it can automatically switch to a state with a larger thermoelectric ratio under the premise of actual operation, that is, more heat and less power generation, to meet the high demand for thermal energy during this specific period. In contrast, when the thermoelectric characteristics of hydrogen fuel cells are described by a fixed heat-to-electric ratio, although its electric power output has met the demand, when faced with a sharp change in heat load, the system cannot adjust its heat power output to match the actual demand. Therefore, during the peak heat load period, the thermoelectric variable operating characteristics of hydrogen fuel cells are often not considered to meet all the requirements of the heat load alone, forcing the system to rely on other auxiliary heat source equipment to fill this gap. This additional dependence not only increases the complexity of the system, but also inevitably increases the overall operating cost.

[0271] In the time period (10:00, 18:00), with the arrival of the peak electricity consumption or the increase in production activities, the system's demand for electricity increases, prompting hydrogen fuel cells to increase electricity output to meet load demand, which directly leads to a decrease in the thermal-electric ratio. At 18:00, the thermal-electric ratio value dropped below 1. This is because the thermal output of the CHP is very large at this moment, and the output thermal power demand of the hydrogen fuel cell is reduced. However, since the hydrogen fuel cell, which describes the thermoelectric characteristics with a fixed thermal-electric ratio, cannot increase the electrical power while reducing the thermal power, it can only store the excess thermal energy in the thermal energy storage device. The hydrogen fuel cell that takes into account the thermoelectric variable operating characteristics can do this. By precisely controlling the operating state of the hydrogen fuel cell to make it conform to the thermoelectric coupling relationship of the hydrogen fuel cell in actual applications, the integrated energy system can dynamically optimize the output ratio of electrical energy and thermal energy to maximize the utilization of energy, thereby improving the overall energy efficiency and economy.

[0272] See also Fig.13 A computer device 400 provided in an embodiment of the present application includes: a processor 410 and a memory 420, wherein the memory 420 stores a computer program executable by the processor 410, and when the computer program is executed by the processor 410, the above method is executed.

[0273] The embodiment of the present application further provides a storage medium 430 on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is run by the processor 410, the above method is executed.

[0274] Among them, the storage medium 430 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable red-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, disk or optical disk.

[0275] In the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. "Multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0276] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0277] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0278] Any process or method description in a flowchart or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, segment or portion of code that includes one or more executable instructions for implementing the steps of a specific logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present invention includes alternative implementations in which functions may not be performed in the order shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order depending on the functions involved, which should be understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present invention belong.

[0279] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as an ordered list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch instructions from an instruction execution system, device or apparatus and execute instructions), or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus, or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. More specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk box (magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disk read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium and then editing, interpreting or processing in other suitable ways if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0280] It should be understood that the various parts of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one of the following technologies known in the art or their combination: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0281] A person skilled in the art may understand that all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the above-mentioned embodiment may be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which, when executed, includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiment.

[0282] The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. A person of ordinary skill in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A comprehensive energy system optimization scheduling method, characterized in that: The steps include: The mechanism modeling of hydrogen fuel cells is carried out, and the variable-operating-condition combined heat and power characteristics within the feasible domain are quantitatively analyzed by means of piecewise linearization method. With the goal of minimizing the sum of the tiered carbon trading cost, energy purchase cost and wind curtailment cost, an objective function for optimizing the dispatch of an integrated energy system considering the variable operating characteristics of hydrogen fuel cell thermal power is established; Establish optimal scheduling constraints including consideration of thermoelectric coupled hydrogen fuel cells; Based on the thermoelectric coupling curve obtained from the mechanism model, a comprehensive energy system scheduling model considering the thermoelectric variable operating characteristics of the hydrogen fuel cell is constructed with the objective function and constraint conditions; The integrated energy system scheduling model is solved to obtain an integrated energy system optimization scheduling method.

2. The integrated energy system optimization scheduling method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The mechanism modeling of the hydrogen fuel cell includes: Output voltage of hydrogen fuel cell The expression is: ； In the formula, is the activation / electrochemical polarization voltage, is the ohmic polarization voltage, is the concentration polarization voltage; represents the thermodynamic electromotive force of the battery, represents the Gibbs free energy, represents the standard molar entropy, is the Faraday constant, represents the hydrogen partial pressure in the anode channel, represents the oxygen partial pressure in the cathode channel, is the gas constant, Indicates the operating temperature, represents the reference temperature, , , represents the model coefficients obtained through experimental data, represents the concentration of dissolved oxygen at the cathode catalyst interface, Represents the external current, Represents the internal resistance of the battery, Represents the battery operating factor, represents the actual current density, Indicates the maximum current density; Hydrogen fuel cell output power The calculation formula is as follows: ； Output heat power It is expressed as follows: 。 3. The integrated energy system optimization scheduling method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The piecewise linearization method is used to quantitatively analyze the variable-operating-condition combined heat and power generation characteristics within the feasible domain, including: Each thermoelectric power curve under variable working conditions is subjected to piecewise linearization, and the linear relationship between electric power and thermal power in different intervals is established, as follows: ； In the formula, and It represents the relationship coefficient of the thermoelectric power function output by the hydrogen fuel cell in the xth interval when the temperature is T. Indicates the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell when the temperature is T, Indicates the starting point of the segment of the xth interval; Under the premise of the same thermal power, the upper and lower bound function relationship that the electric power needs to follow is shown in the following formula: 。 4. The integrated energy system optimization scheduling method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The objective function C includes: The goal is to minimize the total operating cost, including the cost of purchasing energy , the cost of wind curtailment and carbon trading costs , the formula is as follows: 。 5. The integrated energy system optimization scheduling method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The energy purchase cost include: ； In the formula, is the unit heat price, is the unit gas price, is the power purchase amount from the superior at time t, is the gas purchase volume at time t, where T is 24 times a day; The cost of wind curtailment include: ； In the formula, is the unit wind curtailment cost, is the wind abandonment volume at time t; The carbon trading costs Includes: carbon emission quotas, actual carbon emissions and tiered carbon trading.

6. The integrated energy system optimization scheduling method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The carbon emission quota calculation formula is as follows: ； In the formula, For carbon emission quota, , , Carbon emission quota for electricity purchase, combined heat and power (CHP) and gas boiler GB. , The unit carbon emission quota for coal-fired units and gas-fired units, is the electric power output of CHP at time t, is the thermal power output of CHP at time t, is the thermal power output by GB at time t; The actual carbon emissions calculation formula is as follows: ； In the formula, is the actual carbon emissions, The actual carbon emissions of electricity purchased from the superior, is the actual carbon absorption of the methane reactor MR, , , and , , are the carbon emission calculation coefficients of the upper coal-fired units and gas equipment, is the gas production power of MR at time t; The tiered carbon trading includes: The carbon trading volume participating in the carbon trading market is the difference between actual carbon emissions and carbon trading quotas: ； A tiered pricing mechanism is implemented for this part of carbon trading volume, and the calculation formula for transaction costs is as follows: ； In the formula, is the carbon trading base price, l is the segment interval, is the price growth rate.

7. The integrated energy system optimization scheduling method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The constraints include: Hydrogen fuel cell operation constraints, the hydrogen fuel cell constraints including: hydrogen consumption power constraints and thermal power output constraints; Wind power output constraints, the wind power output constraints include: wind power output upper and lower limit constraints; Cogeneration equipment operation constraints, the cogeneration equipment operation constraints include: cogeneration CHP operation constraints, electrolyzer EL operation constraints, methane reactor MR operation constraints, gas boiler GB operation constraints, electric power balance constraints, thermal power balance constraints, gas power balance constraints, hydrogen power balance constraints; Energy storage operation constraints, the energy storage operation constraints include: charging and discharging power constraints, initial and final state constraints, charging and discharging state constraints, and capacity constraints.

8. The integrated energy system optimization scheduling method according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The hydrogen fuel cell operation constraints include: Hydrogen consumption power constraint: ； In the formula, is the power generated by the hydrogen fuel cell at time t, The power generation efficiency of hydrogen fuel cells, The hydrogen power consumed by hydrogen fuel cells, and are the minimum and maximum hydrogen consumption power of hydrogen fuel cells, and They are the minimum and maximum climbing power of hydrogen fuel cell with hydrogen consumption respectively; Thermal power output constraints: ； 。 9. The integrated energy system optimization scheduling method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The wind power output constraints include: ； In the formula, is the actual wind power output at time t, is the maximum wind power output at time t.

10. The integrated energy system optimization scheduling method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cogeneration equipment operation constraints include: CHP operation constraints: ； In the formula, and are the power generation efficiency and heating efficiency of CHP respectively, is the power generated by CHP consuming natural gas at time t, and are the minimum and maximum gas consumption power of CHP, and They are the minimum and maximum climbing power of CHP gas consumption, and They are the upper and lower limits of CHP thermal-to-electric ratio respectively; EL operation constraints: ； In the formula, is the power of hydrogen produced by EL at time t, is the power consumed by EL at time t, is the hydrogen production efficiency of EL, and are the minimum and maximum power consumed by EL, and They are the minimum power consumption and maximum climbing power of EL respectively; MR operation constraints: ； In the formula, is the power consumed by MR at time t, is the gas production efficiency of MR, and are the minimum and maximum power of MR hydrogen consumption, and They are the minimum and maximum climbing power of MR hydrogen consumption respectively; GB operation constraints: ； In the formula, is the gas power consumption of GB at time t, is the heating efficiency of GB, and are the minimum and maximum power of GB gas consumption, and They are GB with minimum gas consumption and maximum climbing power respectively.

11. The integrated energy system optimization scheduling method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The energy storage operation constraints include: ； In the formula, and are the charging and discharging powers of the x-th energy storage device at time t, and are the charging and discharging state parameters of the x-th energy storage device at time t, is the maximum power of a single charge and discharge of the x-th energy storage device, is the final power of the x-th energy storage device at the end of time t, and are the charging and discharging efficiencies of the x-th energy storage device, is the capacity of the x-th energy storage device at time t, is the rated capacity of the x-th energy storage device, and are the minimum and maximum capacities of the x-th type of energy storage device respectively.

12. The integrated energy system optimization scheduling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solving of the integrated energy system scheduling model includes: Based on the MATLAB simulation platform, Yalmip is used to call the GUROBI solver to solve the integrated energy system scheduling model considering the thermoelectric variable operating characteristics of hydrogen fuel cells, and the output of each device in the integrated energy system at each moment is obtained.

13. An optimization and scheduling device for an electric, heat and gas integrated energy system, characterized in that: Using the method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, the device comprises: Linearization unit, used to model the mechanism of hydrogen fuel cells and quantitatively analyze their variable-operating-condition combined heat and power characteristics within the feasible domain by means of piecewise linearization method; The target unit is used to establish the objective function of optimizing the dispatch of the integrated energy system considering the variable operating characteristics of hydrogen fuel cell thermal power, with the goal of minimizing the sum of the step-by-step carbon trading cost, energy purchase cost and wind curtailment cost; A constraint unit, used to establish optimal scheduling constraints including consideration of thermoelectric coupled hydrogen fuel cells; A modeling unit, for constructing a comprehensive energy system scheduling model taking into account the thermoelectric variable operating characteristics of hydrogen fuel cells based on the thermoelectric coupling curve obtained from the mechanism model and the objective function and constraint conditions; A solving unit is used to solve the integrated energy system scheduling model to obtain an optimized scheduling method for the integrated energy system.

14. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 12 is implemented.

15. A storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 12 is implemented.

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