Tunnel construction safety risk assessment method, system and equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides a tunnel construction safety risk assessment method. The method comprises the steps that all risk assessment indexes are acquired, and the relative scale and the absolute scale of each risk assessment index are determined; based on the relative scale, calculating the subjective weight of each risk assessment index by adopting an analytic hierarchy process; based on the absolute scale, calculating the objective weight of each risk assessment index by adopting a Gini coefficient method; combining the subjective weight and the objective weight to obtain a combined weight corresponding to each risk assessment index; scores corresponding to the risk assessment indexes are obtained on site, and risk assessment levels are obtained in combination with the corresponding combination weights. The method solves the problems that in the prior art, a risk assessment method is high in subjectivity, the assessment process is complex and tedious, a score assignment method is single, and considered information is not comprehensive.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction safety assessment, and in particular to a tunnel construction safety risk assessment method, system, equipment and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] The extremely small clearance tunnel is a tunnel layout form that appears to adapt to more terrain restrictions. This form is difficult to construct, the surrounding environment is complex, and there are many uncertain factors in the construction process, which affect the construction safety. With the in-depth research on the construction of extremely small clearance tunnels, the safety assessment method for the construction risk of extremely small clearance tunnels has also begun to be gradually applied in practice, but the current risk management system for the construction of extremely small clearance tunnels still needs to be improved.

[0003] Most of the risk assessment methods in my country are based on the indicator system method established in the "Guidelines". This method focuses on the investigation of geological factors, and often uses hierarchical analysis method, entropy weight method, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method or combines it with theories in other fields. However, these methods still have certain limitations, such as strong subjectivity and relatively simple scoring methods. The information considered is not comprehensive, which may lead to deviations in the evaluation results of one of the indicators. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a tunnel construction safety risk assessment method, which solves the defects of the prior art risk assessment method, namely, the risk assessment method is highly subjective, the assessment process is complicated and cumbersome, the scoring method is relatively single, and the information considered is not comprehensive.

[0005] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a tunnel construction safety risk assessment method includes:

[0006] Obtain all risk assessment indicators and determine the relative and absolute scales of each risk assessment indicator;

[0007] Based on relative scaling, the analytic hierarchy process is used to calculate the subjective weight of each risk assessment indicator;

[0008] Based on the absolute scale, the Gini coefficient method is used to calculate the objective weight of each risk assessment indicator;

[0009] Combine the subjective weight and the objective weight to obtain the combined weight corresponding to each risk assessment indicator;

[0010] The scores corresponding to the risk assessment indicators are obtained on-site, and the risk assessment level is obtained by combining the corresponding combined weights.

[0011] Preferably, the relative scale is a scale of the relative importance of each risk assessment indicator by a single assessor, and the absolute scale is a scale of the absolute importance of each risk assessment indicator by multiple assessors.

[0012] Preferably, the step of calculating the subjective weight of each risk assessment indicator using the analytic hierarchy process includes:

[0013] According to the relative scale, a judgment matrix is ​​constructed and the consistency test of the judgment matrix is ​​performed;

[0014] If the consistency test passes, the subjective weight of each risk assessment indicator is obtained by the square root method based on the judgment matrix.

[0015] Preferably, the step of calculating the objective weight of each risk assessment indicator using the Gini coefficient method includes:

[0016] Calculate the Gini coefficient of each risk assessment indicator based on the absolute scale;

[0017] Normalize all Gini coefficients to obtain objective weights.

[0018] Preferably, a linear weighting method is used to combine the subjective weight and the objective weight, and the calculation formula of the combined weight is as follows:

[0019]

[0020] Among them, δ is the combination weight, W s is the subjective weight vector, W i is the i-th subjective weight, g k is the objective weight vector, g i is the i-th objective weight.

[0021] Preferably, before calculating the Gini coefficient, it is also necessary to calculate the mean of the absolute scales corresponding to each risk assessment indicator. If the mean is not 0, the Gini coefficient is calculated using the following formula:

[0022]

[0023] If the mean is 0, the Gini coefficient is calculated using the following formula:

[0024]

[0025] Among them, Y ki represents the i-th data of the k-th indicator, μ k It represents the expected value of all data of the kth indicator, and n represents the total number of data of the indicator score.

[0026] On the other hand, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a tunnel construction safety risk assessment system is also provided. The system uses the above-mentioned tunnel construction safety risk assessment method, including:

[0027] A data calibration module, which is used to obtain risk assessment indicators and corresponding scores, and determine the relative scale and absolute scale of each risk assessment indicator;

[0028] A weight combination module, wherein the weight combination is used to calculate the corresponding subjective weight and objective weight according to the relative scale and the absolute scale, and combine the subjective weight and the objective weight into a combined weight;

[0029] An evaluation module is used to generate a risk assessment level according to the scores and combined weights corresponding to the risk assessment indicators.

[0030] On the other hand, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a computer device, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the above-mentioned tunnel construction safety risk assessment method.

[0031] On the other hand, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a computer storage medium storing a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor executes the above-mentioned tunnel construction safety risk assessment method.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] The relative scale of each risk assessment indicator is scaled by the importance of each risk assessment indicator, and the adopted hierarchical analysis method uses less quantitative data and has a certain subjectivity, so the weight obtained will be relatively subjective. The absolute scale is composed of multiple relatively independent scores on the risk assessment indicators, and the Gini analysis method can analyze the characteristics of differentiated data, so the weight obtained will be relatively objective. The combined weight obtained by combining the subjective weight and the objective weight combines the subjective score and the objective score, and adopts a comprehensive scoring method to assign weights to each risk assessment indicator, which is more comprehensive. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 The following is a flow chart of security risk assessment according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 It is a line comparison chart of the subjective weight, objective weight and combined weight of the embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention proposes a tunnel construction safety risk assessment method, including:

[0038] Obtain all risk assessment indicators and determine the relative and absolute scales of each risk assessment indicator;

[0039] The present invention takes the entrance and exit line section of Zhangjiawan Vehicle Base of Chongqing Rail Transit Line 15 as the investigation target. The tunnel construction of this section adopts extremely small clearance tunnel construction. Due to the length limitation of the specification, some of its risk assessment indicators are shown in Table 1.

[0040] Table 1 Some safety risk assessment indicators and corresponding subjective weights

[0041]

[0042]

[0043] The relative importance of the above risk assessment indicators was collected by conducting a questionnaire survey on individual experts. The specific scoring rules are shown in Table 2, and the relative scale of each risk assessment indicator is determined based on Table 2.

[0044] Table 2 Judgment matrix scale definition

[0045]

[0046] Then, questionnaires were sent to multiple experts to ask them about the importance of all the risk assessment indicators in Table 1. For each risk assessment indicator, each expert will give a different score based on his or her own experience. Therefore, the scores of different experts can be used as an absolute scale, as shown in Table 3.

[0047] Table 3 Absolute scales of some risk assessment indicators and corresponding Gini coefficients

[0048]

[0049]

[0050] Based on relative scaling, the analytic hierarchy process is used to calculate the subjective weight of each risk assessment indicator;

[0051] According to the relative scale, construct the judgment matrix R = [r ij ] n×n， All elements in the R matrix must satisfy the following conditions: ij >0,r ij =1 / r ji ,r ii=1.

[0052] Taking the first level as an example to solve the first level indicator weight, the judgment matrix R = [r ij ] 5×5 :

[0053]

[0054] The eigenvalues ​​and eigenvectors of the judgment matrix are solved as follows:

[0055] R s =λ max W s R s =λmaxW s

[0056] In the formula, λ max is the largest characteristic root of matrix R, W s The weight W si is the weight of the corresponding indicator. The elements of W are the ranking weights of the relative importance of the factors at the same level to the factors at the previous level. This process is called hierarchical single sorting. Whether the hierarchical single sorting can be confirmed requires a consistency test. Among them, the only non-zero characteristic root of the n-order consistent matrix is ​​n; the maximum characteristic root of the n-order positive reciprocal matrix A is λ≥n. If and only if λ=n, A is a consistent matrix. The indicators that define consistency are:

[0057]

[0058] CI = 0 indicates complete consistency; CI close to 0 indicates satisfactory consistency; the larger the CI, the more serious the inconsistency. In order to measure the size of CI, the random consistency index RI is introduced, and its calculation formula is as follows:

[0059]

[0060] When CR=CI / RI<0.1, the consistency of the judgment matrix R is considered to be within the allowable range. At this time, the eigenvector of R can be used to calculate the weight vector. If it is greater than 0.1, the matrix R needs to be corrected.

[0061] The calculation formula of subjective weight is as follows:

[0062]

[0063] The subjective weight of the first-level indicator is calculated as

[0064] Similarly, the same method can be used to construct the judgment matrix to obtain the weight vectors of the secondary and tertiary indicators respectively. The final subjective weight values ​​of each indicator are shown in Table 1.

[0065] Based on the absolute scale, the Gini coefficient method is used to calculate the objective weight of each risk assessment indicator;

[0066] First, calculate the mean of the absolute scale of each risk assessment indicator in Table 3. If the mean is not 0, use the following formula to calculate the Gini coefficient:

[0067]

[0068] If the mean is 0, the Gini coefficient is calculated using the following formula:

[0069]

[0070] Among them, Y ki represents the i-th data of the k-th indicator, μ k It represents the expected value of all data of the kth indicator, and n represents the total number of data of the indicator score.

[0071] Then the Gini coefficient is normalized according to the following formula to obtain the objective weight, see Table 2:

[0072]

[0073] Combine the subjective weight and the objective weight to obtain the combined weight corresponding to each risk assessment indicator;

[0074] The subjective weight and the objective weight are combined using a linear weighting method, and the calculation formula of the combined weight is as follows:

[0075]

[0076] Among them, δ is the combination weight, W s is the subjective weight vector, W i is the i-th subjective weight, g k is the objective weight vector, g i is the i-th objective weight.

[0077] Substituting the subjective weight vector and the objective weight vector into the above formula, we can obtain α=0.5513, β=0.4487. Some combined weights are shown in Table 4.

[0078] Table 4 Partial combination weight value vector and normalization calculation

[0079]

[0080] The present invention compares and analyzes the indicator weights obtained by using the AHP and Gini coefficient method alone with the combined weights obtained by maximizing the deviation using a line graph. Figure 2As shown, it can be found that the combined weights are all between the subjective weights and the objective weights. The sensitivity of the Gini coefficient method to the difference of indicators is less than that of AHP, which achieves the purpose of complementary advantages, indicating that this method has certain rationality.

[0081] The scores corresponding to the risk assessment indicators are obtained on-site, and the risk assessment level is obtained by combining the corresponding combined weights.

[0082] See Table 4 for the score sheet corresponding to the risk assessment indicators, which is obtained by evaluation by multiple evaluators.

[0083]

[0084]

[0085] Table 4 Scoring table corresponding to some risk assessment indicators

[0086] In order to determine the risk level of the Zhangjiawan vehicle base access line project, the risk factor set U is established according to the risk evaluation hierarchy of the minimum clearance tunnel construction constructed in Table 1. The risk factor set is evaluated to establish the evaluation set V = {excellent, good, general, poor}, which is quantified as V = {90-100, 89-75, 74-60, ≤60}.

[0087] According to the combined weights and comprehensive scores obtained in Tables 3 and 4, the final score of the safety risk assessment of the minimum clearance tunnel construction of the Zhangjiawan vehicle base access project can be obtained by calculating the following formula:

[0088] S=R×W=(93.8,91,…,81.6) T ×(0.0284,0.0239,…,0.0145) T

[0089] =(2.666,2.178,…,1.180) T =87.602

[0090] On the other hand, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a tunnel construction safety risk assessment system is also provided. The system uses the above-mentioned tunnel construction safety risk assessment method, including:

[0091] A data calibration module, which is used to obtain risk assessment indicators and corresponding scores, and determine the relative scale and absolute scale of each risk assessment indicator;

[0092] A weight combination module, wherein the weight combination is used to calculate the corresponding subjective weight and objective weight according to the relative scale and the absolute scale, and combine the subjective weight and the objective weight into a combined weight;

[0093] An evaluation module is used to generate a risk assessment level according to the scores and combined weights corresponding to the risk assessment indicators.

[0094] On the other hand, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a computer device, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the above-mentioned tunnel construction safety risk assessment method.

[0095] On the other hand, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a computer storage medium storing a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor executes the above-mentioned tunnel construction safety risk assessment method.

[0096] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel construction safety risk assessment method, characterized in that: include: Obtain all risk assessment indicators and determine the relative and absolute scales of each risk assessment indicator; Based on relative scaling, the analytic hierarchy process is used to calculate the subjective weight of each risk assessment indicator; Based on the absolute scale, the Gini coefficient method is used to calculate the objective weight of each risk assessment indicator; Combine the subjective weight and the objective weight to obtain the combined weight corresponding to each risk assessment indicator; The scores corresponding to the risk assessment indicators are obtained on-site, and the risk assessment level is obtained by combining the corresponding combined weights.

2. A tunnel construction safety risk assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The relative scale is a scale for the relative importance of each risk assessment indicator by a single assessor, and the absolute scale is a scale for the absolute importance of each risk assessment indicator by multiple assessors.

3. A tunnel construction safety risk assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps of calculating the subjective weight of each risk assessment indicator using the analytic hierarchy process include: According to the relative scale, a judgment matrix is ​​constructed and the consistency test of the judgment matrix is ​​performed; If the consistency test passes, the subjective weight of each risk assessment indicator is obtained by the square root method based on the judgment matrix.

4. A tunnel construction safety risk assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps for calculating the objective weight of each risk assessment indicator using the Gini coefficient method include: Calculate the Gini coefficient of each risk assessment indicator based on the absolute scale; Normalize all Gini coefficients to obtain objective weights.

5. A tunnel construction safety risk assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The subjective weight and the objective weight are combined using a linear weighting method, and the calculation formula of the combined weight is as follows: Among them, δ is the combination weight, W s is the subjective weight vector, W i is the i-th subjective weight, g k is the objective weight vector, g i is the i-th objective weight.

6. A tunnel construction safety risk assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before calculating the Gini coefficient, it is also necessary to calculate the mean of the absolute scale corresponding to each risk assessment indicator. If the mean is not 0, the Gini coefficient is calculated using the following formula: If the mean is 0, the Gini coefficient is calculated using the following formula: Among them, Y ki represents the i-th data of the k-th indicator, μ k It represents the expected value of all data of the kth indicator, and n represents the total number of data of the indicator score.

7. A tunnel construction safety risk assessment system, characterized in that: The system uses a tunnel construction safety risk assessment method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising: A data calibration module, which is used to obtain risk assessment indicators and corresponding scores, and determine the relative scale and absolute scale of each risk assessment indicator; A weight combination module, wherein the weight combination is used to calculate the corresponding subjective weight and objective weight according to the relative scale and the absolute scale, and combine the subjective weight and the objective weight into a combined weight; An evaluation module is used to generate a risk assessment level according to the scores and combined weights corresponding to the risk assessment indicators.

8. A computer device, characterized in that: It comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes a tunnel construction safety risk assessment method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer storage medium, characterized in that: A computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor executes a tunnel construction safety risk assessment method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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