A broadband antenna and debugging method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a broadband antenna and a debugging method thereof, which relate to the field of communications. The broadband antenna includes an open-circuit section, a short-circuit section and a matching network. The matching network is connected between the open-circuit section and the short-circuit section. The short-circuit section includes a short-circuit section antenna body and a feeder. The matching network includes a first inductor, a second inductor and a matching capacitor. The open-circuit end and the short-circuit end are both grounded. One end of the first inductor is connected to the open-circuit section, and the other end is respectively connected to one end of the matching capacitor and one end of the second inductor. The other end of the second inductor is connected to the feeder core wire of the feeder. The other end of the matching capacitor is respectively connected to the short-circuit section antenna body and the feeder outer skin conductor of the feeder. The matching network is used to control the antenna parameters of the broadband antenna to meet the expected values. The debugging method is applied to the above-mentioned broadband antenna. The present invention can simplify the structure and debugging process of the broadband antenna, improve the debugging accuracy of the broadband antenna, and solve the current technical problem of low debugging efficiency of the broadband antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a broadband antenna and a debugging method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A broadband antenna is an antenna designed to operate effectively over a wide frequency range. Compared to traditional narrowband antennas, broadband antennas offer relatively stable gain and radiation patterns across a wider frequency band, making them ideal for applications requiring coverage of multiple frequency bands or frequency agility, such as in modern wireless communication systems, radar systems, and broadcast equipment. The design of broadband antennas often involves complex electromagnetic structures to ensure performance across a wide frequency band, which may include the use of specialized radiating elements, matching networks, and tuning mechanisms.

[0003] To ensure that the antenna can achieve optimal performance within its designed operating frequency band, broadband antennas need to be debugged. The purpose of debugging is to optimize the antenna's impedance matching to reduce signal reflection and loss and improve communication quality.

[0004] However, the current traditional broadband antenna has a relatively complex structure, a cumbersome debugging process and limited accuracy, resulting in low debugging efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above technical problems and defects, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a broadband antenna and a debugging method thereof, which can simplify the broadband antenna structure and debugging process, improve the debugging accuracy of the broadband antenna, and solve the current technical problem of low debugging efficiency of broadband antennas.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a broadband antenna, comprising an open-circuit section, a short-circuit section and a matching network, wherein the matching network is connected between the open-circuit section and the short-circuit section, the short-circuit section comprises a short-circuit section antenna body and a feeder, and the matching network comprises a first inductor, a second inductor and a matching capacitor; the end of the open-circuit section away from the matching network is an open-circuit end, the end of the short-circuit section away from the matching network is a short-circuit end, and both the open-circuit end and the short-circuit end are grounded; one end of the first inductor is connected to the open-circuit section, and the other end is respectively connected to one end of the matching capacitor and one end of the second inductor; the other end of the second inductor is connected to the feeder core wire of the feeder; the other end of the matching capacitor is respectively connected to the short-circuit section antenna body and the feeder outer skin conductor of the feeder; the matching network is used to make the antenna parameters of the broadband antenna meet the expected values ​​by controlling the size of the first inductor, the second inductor and the matching capacitor.

[0007] The matching network in the present invention is composed of a first inductor, a second inductor and a matching capacitor, which work together to adjust the impedance of the antenna to ensure efficient energy transmission and reception of the broadband antenna throughout the entire operating frequency band. The setting of the open-circuit section and the short-circuit section, and the way they are connected to the matching network, provide a stable reference point for the antenna and allow the electrical performance of the antenna to be stabilized by grounding. The parameters of the matching network include the size of the inductor and the capacitor, which can be precisely adjusted by a vector network analyzer to achieve control of the antenna parameters so that they meet the design expectations. This design simplifies the structure and debugging process of the broadband antenna, improves the debugging accuracy of the broadband antenna, improves the performance and efficiency of the antenna, and can also increase its applicability so that it can meet the needs of different communication systems. In this way, the radiation pattern and frequency response of the broadband antenna can be significantly improved, and its bandwidth and frequency characteristics can be optimized, thereby achieving a wider range of applications in modern wireless communication systems.

[0008] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the antenna parameters include a standing wave ratio and an antenna input impedance; the standing wave ratio is determined based on the input impedance of the matching network and the known feeder impedance of the feeder, and the input impedance of the matching network is the impedance between the open section and the short section; the antenna input impedance is determined based on the matching network parameters and the input impedance of the matching network, and the matching network parameters include the inductance values ​​of the first inductor and the second inductor, and the capacitance value of the matching capacitor.

[0009] The technical solutions of the above embodiments provide a method for precisely controlling broadband antenna performance. By defining antenna parameters such as standing wave ratio (SWR) and antenna input impedance, the SWR can be determined based on the known impedance of the matching network input and the feeder line, while the antenna input impedance can be determined based on the matching network parameters. This method enables more precise and accurate antenna debugging, ensuring that the antenna meets the designed performance specifications across the entire operating frequency band.

[0010] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the broadband antenna also includes an open-end capacitor, the open end is grounded through the open-end capacitor, and the open-end capacitor is used to adjust the resonance point of the broadband antenna to be within the geometric center frequency range of the antenna frequency band.

[0011] The technical solution of the above embodiment, by introducing open-ended capacitors, provides additional flexibility in adjusting the resonance point of a broadband antenna. Adjustment of the open-ended capacitors allows the antenna's resonance point to be precisely positioned within the geometric center frequency range of the operating frequency band, thereby optimizing the antenna's bandwidth and frequency response, improving its applicability and efficiency in modern communication systems.

[0012] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, a hollow cavity is formed in the short-circuit section antenna body, and the feeder is arranged in the hollow cavity.

[0013] Using the technical solution of the above embodiment, a hollow cavity is designed within the short-circuit antenna body, and the feeder is placed within it. This design can lead to structural optimizations, such as reducing the antenna's weight and size, while maintaining or enhancing its electrical performance, helping to improve the antenna's radiation efficiency and signal transmission quality.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a broadband antenna debugging method, which is applied to the broadband antenna provided in the first aspect, the method comprising: connecting a vector network analyzer between an open section and a short section of the broadband antenna, the vector network analyzer being provided with a matching network test circuit, the matching network test circuit corresponding to the matching network of the broadband antenna; adjusting the test network parameters of the matching network test circuit by the vector network analyzer to adjust the antenna test parameters of the broadband antenna, the test network parameters comprising a first inductance value, a second inductance value and a matching capacitance value; when the antenna test parameters meet expected values, determining the current test network parameters as target network parameters; producing the matching network according to the target network parameters; after connecting the matching network between the open section and the short section, testing the antenna parameters of the broadband antenna by the vector network analyzer; and determining that the broadband antenna debugging is qualified when the antenna parameters meet expectations.

[0015] The method of the present invention enables accurate and efficient commissioning of broadband antennas, ensuring that their performance meets expected standards. This method optimizes the parameters of the broadband antenna's matching network, including the first inductor, the second inductor, and the matching capacitor, through precise measurement and adjustment using a vector network analyzer (VNA). This process involves connecting the VNA to the open and short-circuited sections of the broadband antenna and testing the antenna using a built-in matching network test circuit. Based on antenna test parameters, such as standing wave ratio (SWR) and input impedance, the test network parameters can be adjusted until the desired values ​​are achieved. When the antenna test parameters meet the preset desired values, the current test network parameters are determined as the target network parameters, and the actual matching network is constructed accordingly. Finally, the constructed matching network is connected between the open and short-circuited sections of the antenna and tested again using the VNA to verify that the antenna parameters meet the expected standards. If the antenna parameters meet the expected standards, the broadband antenna is deemed qualified and ready for deployment. This method not only improves the efficiency and accuracy of antenna commissioning but also ensures stable and reliable performance across the entire operating frequency band, meeting the high-performance antenna requirements of modern wireless communication systems.

[0016] In combination with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, before the step of adjusting the test network parameters of the matching network test circuit through the vector network analyzer to adjust the antenna test parameters of the broadband antenna, it also includes: when the open end of the broadband antenna is grounded through the open end capacitor, adjusting the size of the open end capacitor so that the resonance point of the broadband antenna is adjusted to within the geometric center frequency range of the antenna frequency band.

[0017] The technical solution of the above embodiment adds a step to adjust the open-end capacitance before adjusting the test network parameters to optimize the antenna's resonance point. This pre-adjustment step enhances the flexibility of the debugging method, allowing technicians to roughly adjust the antenna's basic frequency response before making detailed parameter adjustments, thereby more quickly approaching the ideal operating state.

[0018] In combination with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the antenna test parameters include a standing wave ratio and an antenna input impedance; the step of adjusting the test network parameters of the matching network test circuit through a vector network analyzer to adjust the antenna test parameters of the broadband antenna includes: determining the impedance between the open section and the short section as the matching network input impedance; in the process of adjusting the test network parameters through the vector network analyzer, determining the standing wave ratio based on the matching network input impedance and the known feeder impedance of the feeder, and determining the antenna input impedance based on the test network parameters and the matching network input impedance.

[0019] Using the technical solutions of the above embodiments, this paper details how to adjust the antenna test parameters of a broadband antenna by adjusting the parameters of the matching network test circuit using a vector network analyzer. This includes accurately measuring and calculating the standing wave ratio (SWR) and antenna input impedance. This process ensures precise adjustment of antenna parameters to meet the performance requirements of a specific communication system.

[0020] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the step of determining the standing wave ratio according to the impedance of the matching network input end and the known feeder impedance of the feeder includes:

[0021] The standing wave ratio is calculated according to the standing wave ratio formula, which includes:

[0022]

[0023] Where S is the standing wave ratio, Γ is the reflection coefficient, |Γ| is the absolute value of the reflection coefficient, Z0 represents the known feeder impedance, and Z in Represents the input impedance of the matching network.

[0024] The technical solutions of the above embodiments provide a specific formula for calculating the VSWR, further detailing how to determine the VSWR based on the matching network input impedance and feeder impedance. This formula improves the accuracy of VSWR calculations, helping technicians more accurately evaluate and optimize antenna impedance matching.

[0025] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the step of determining the antenna input impedance according to the test network parameters and the input impedance of the matching network includes:

[0026] The antenna input impedance is determined according to the antenna network impedance formula, which includes:

[0027]

[0028] Among them, Z in Represents the input impedance of the matching network, Z an represents the input impedance of the antenna, L1 is the first inductance value, L2 is the second inductance value, C1 is the matching capacitance value, and f is the antenna operating frequency.

[0029] The technical solutions of the above embodiments provide a method for determining antenna input impedance based on matching network parameters and matching network input impedance. Using the antenna network impedance formula, technicians can more accurately predict and adjust antenna performance to meet broadband operation requirements.

[0030] In combination with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the step of connecting the vector network analyzer between the open-circuit section and the short-circuit section of the broadband antenna includes: connecting the core wire of the test line of the vector network analyzer to the open-circuit section, and connecting the outer conductor of the test line to the short-circuit section.

[0031] The technical solution of the above embodiment details how to connect a vector network analyzer to the open and short sections of a broadband antenna, ensuring correct and reliable test connections. This precise connection method is the foundation for effective antenna parameter testing and debugging, and is crucial for obtaining accurate test results and optimizing antenna performance.

[0032] One or more technical solutions provided by the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0033] 1. Through a carefully designed matching network, including a first inductor, a second inductor, and a matching capacitor, this solution precisely controls the impedance of the broadband antenna, ensuring optimal matching with the feeder system across a wide frequency band. This not only improves signal transmission efficiency but also reduces reflections and losses, thereby optimizing the antenna's radiation pattern and frequency response, meeting the high-performance antenna requirements of modern wireless communication systems.

[0034] 2. The broadband antenna debugging method proposed in this paper utilizes a vector network analyzer (VNA) to automate the debugging process. By connecting the VNA to open and short-circuited sections of the antenna, matching network parameters are automatically adjusted until the antenna performance meets expectations. This method significantly improves debugging efficiency, reduces the potential for human error, and shortens the preparation time before antenna deployment.

[0035] 3. In this invention, the open-circuit section is grounded via an open-end capacitor, providing additional flexibility in adjusting the antenna's resonance point, ensuring a uniform radiation pattern and stable performance across the entire operating frequency band. The short-circuit section antenna body is designed as a hollow cavity, with the feeder positioned within it. This novel structural design helps reduce the antenna's weight and size while maintaining or improving electrical performance. These design innovations enhance the antenna's applicability and reliability, making it more suitable for use in modern communication systems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] The accompanying drawings are incorporated into and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present invention, and together with the specification, are used to explain the principles of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort. In the drawings:

[0037] Figure 1 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a broadband antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a broadband antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another broadband antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of a broadband antenna debugging method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 It is a flowchart of another broadband antenna debugging method in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The terms used in the following embodiments of the present invention are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used in the specification of the present invention, the singular expressions "a," "an," "above," "the," and "this" are intended to include the plural expressions as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" as used in the present invention refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the listed items.

[0043] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the technical features indicated. Thus, a feature designated "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0044] It should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, in the embodiments of the present invention, terms such as "setting" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components; it can be a wired communication connection or a wireless communication connection. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances. The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below.

[0045] The embodiment of the present invention provides a broadband antenna, such as Figure 1 and 2 As shown, it includes an open section 1, a short section 2 and a matching network 3, the matching network 3 is connected between the open section 1 and the short section 2, the short section 2 includes a short section antenna body 21 and a feeder 22, and the matching network 3 includes a first inductor L1, a second inductor L2 and a matching capacitor C1; the end of the open section 1 away from the matching network 3 is an open end, and the end of the short section 2 away from the matching network 3 is a short end, and the open end and the short end are both grounded; one end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the open section 1, and the other end is respectively connected to one end of the matching capacitor C1 and one end of the second inductor L2; the other end of the second inductor L2 is connected to the feeder core wire 22a of the feeder 22; the other end of the matching capacitor C1 is respectively connected to the short section antenna body 21 and the feeder outer skin conductor 22b of the feeder 22; the matching network 3 is used to make the antenna parameters of the broadband antenna meet the expected values ​​by controlling the size of the first inductor L1, the second inductor L2 and the matching capacitor C1.

[0046] In the broadband antenna of this embodiment, the matching network 3 is composed of a first inductor L1, a second inductor L2, and a matching capacitor C1. These components work together to achieve impedance matching of the antenna throughout the entire operating frequency band. The ends of the open section 1 and the short section 2 are both grounded, providing a stable reference point and ensuring the reliability and repeatability of the antenna structure. One end of the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2 are connected to the antenna body of the open section 1 and the short section 2, respectively, while their other ends are connected to the matching capacitor C1. This layout allows the impedance characteristics of the antenna to be precisely controlled by adjusting the size of the inductor and capacitor. The above-mentioned antenna structure design simplifies the physical structure of the broadband antenna.

[0047] Furthermore, by precisely controlling the inductor and capacitor values ​​in matching network 3, the antenna parameters can be finely tuned to ensure they meet design specifications. This capability is crucial for optimizing antenna performance, improving signal transmission efficiency, and reducing reflection loss. This embodiment significantly reduces debugging time and workload by automating matching network 3 adjustment. This not only improves production efficiency but also reduces the possibility of human error, thereby enhancing the overall performance and reliability of the antenna system.

[0048] The broadband antenna of this embodiment utilizes an innovative matching network design, which not only simplifies the antenna structure but also significantly improves debugging accuracy and efficiency. These technical benefits work together to enable the broadband antenna to better meet the high-performance antenna requirements of modern communication systems, bringing significant technological advancements to the field of wireless communications.

[0049] In this embodiment, open section 1 provides a high-impedance adjustment point, while short section 2 provides a low-impedance reference point. By adjusting the impedance between open section 1 and short section 2 through matching network 3, the antenna can achieve good impedance matching with the feeder 22 system across the entire operating frequency band, thereby optimizing antenna performance.

[0050] In some embodiments, the antenna parameters include a standing wave ratio and an antenna input impedance; the standing wave ratio is determined based on the impedance of the matching network input end and the known feeder impedance of the feeder 22, and the impedance of the matching network input end is the impedance between the open section 1 and the short section 2; the antenna input impedance is determined based on the matching network parameters and the impedance of the matching network input end, and the matching network parameters include the inductance values ​​of the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2, and the capacitance value of the matching capacitor C1.

[0051] During the design and commissioning of broadband antennas, key antenna parameters include the standing wave ratio (VSWR) and antenna input impedance. The VSWR is an important indicator of the matching degree between the antenna body and the feeder 22, reflecting the reflection of the signal during transmission.

[0052] Combine Figure 3The VSWR is determined based on the impedance of the matching network input and the known impedance of feeder line 22. The impedance of the matching network input refers to the impedance between open-circuit section 1 and short-circuit section 2. This impedance directly affects the VSWR calculation and the antenna's matching performance. By accurately measuring and calculating the impedance of the matching network input, the antenna's matching condition at a specific frequency can be evaluated, thereby determining the efficiency of signal transmission.

[0053] Specifically, the standing wave ratio can be calculated using the standing wave ratio formula, which includes:

[0054]

[0055] Wherein, S is the standing wave ratio; Γ is the reflection coefficient; |Γ| is the absolute value of the reflection coefficient; Z0 represents the known feeder impedance of the feeder 22, that is, the characteristic impedance of the feeder 22, which is a known quantity; Z in Represents the impedance of the matching network input.

[0056] By measuring and calculating these parameters, the impedance matching of the antenna system can be accurately evaluated, and the antenna design can be optimized to ensure efficient signal transmission, reduce reflection loss, and improve the overall performance of the communication system.

[0057] In this embodiment, the standing wave ratio S needs to be adjusted to be less than or equal to 2. This is because such a standing wave ratio indicates that the impedance matching between the antenna and its feeder 22 is very high. The standing wave ratio is a parameter that measures the voltage standing wave pattern on the feeder 22, and it is given by the ratio of the maximum voltage to the minimum voltage on the feeder 22. When the standing wave ratio is 1, it indicates perfect matching, which means that all signals incident on the antenna are effectively radiated and no energy is reflected back to the feedback line 22. However, in practical applications, perfect matching is difficult to achieve, so the standing wave ratio standard accepted in this embodiment is less than or equal to 2, which means that the mismatch between the antenna and the feeder 22 is small enough and the reflection loss is within an acceptable range.

[0058] On the other hand, a standing wave ratio of less than or equal to 2 ensures effective antenna operation across a wide frequency band, providing a consistent radiation pattern and high signal transmission efficiency, thus meeting the high-performance antenna requirements of modern wireless communication systems. By fine-tuning the inductor and capacitor elements in matching network 3, as well as the possible open-end capacitor C2, the antenna's input impedance can be optimized to approach the characteristic impedance of feeder line 22, achieving good impedance matching and ultimately achieving an ideal standing wave ratio.

[0059] Combined with the above standing wave ratio formula, when the standing wave ratio S is adjusted to less than or equal to 2, the value of the matching network input impedance Zin can be calculated.

[0060] The antenna input impedance is the impedance presented by the antenna to the feeder 22 at the operating frequency. It determines the efficiency of energy transmission from the feeder 22 to the antenna. The determination of the antenna input impedance depends on the matching network parameters and the impedance at the matching network input. The matching network parameters include the inductance values ​​of the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2, as well as the capacitance value of the matching capacitor C1. These parameters together determine the overall impedance characteristics of the matching network 3, which in turn affects the antenna input impedance. By adjusting the values ​​of these components, the antenna input impedance can be optimized to approach the characteristic impedance of the feeder 22, thereby reducing signal reflections and improving energy transmission efficiency.

[0061] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 The antenna input impedance can be determined based on the antenna network impedance formula. The antenna network impedance formula includes:

[0062]

[0063] Among them, Z in Represents the impedance of the matching network input, Z an represents the antenna input impedance, L1 represents the inductance of the first inductor, L2 represents the inductance of the second inductor, C1 represents the capacitance of the matching capacitor, and f is the antenna operating frequency.

[0064] The above antenna network impedance formula expresses the mathematical relationship between the matching network input impedance, antenna input impedance, first inductor, second inductor and matching capacitor. By adjusting the values ​​of L1, L2 and C1, the impedance characteristics of matching network 3 can be changed, so that Z in It is closer to the characteristic impedance of the feed line 22 (which may be 50Ω or 75Ω), thus achieving better impedance matching.

[0065] Combined with the above standing wave ratio formula, when the standing wave ratio S is less than or equal to 2, the value of the matching network input impedance Zin can be calculated. Combined with the above antenna network impedance formula, the antenna input impedance Zan can also be obtained by reverse calculation.

[0066] This embodiment employs a matching network 3 design that allows the antenna to operate efficiently across a wide frequency band, reducing signal reflections and improving signal transmission quality and efficiency. By accurately calculating and adjusting the matching network parameters, the antenna can achieve the desired performance across the entire operating frequency band, meeting the broadband and wideband operation requirements of modern wireless communication systems.

[0067] In this embodiment, by carefully adjusting components such as the inductor and capacitor in matching network 3, combined with precise impedance measurement between open-circuit section 1 and short-circuit section 2, key parameters of the broadband antenna can be effectively controlled and optimized, ensuring excellent performance across the entire operating frequency band. This approach not only improves antenna efficiency but also enhances the overall reliability and stability of the communication system.

[0068] In some embodiments, the broadband antenna further includes an open-end capacitor C2, the open end of which is grounded through the open-end capacitor C2, and the open-end capacitor C2 is used to adjust the resonance point of the broadband antenna to be within the geometric center frequency range of the antenna frequency band.

[0069] In the design of the broadband antenna of this embodiment, the introduction of the open-end capacitor C2 is to achieve more precise impedance matching and frequency adjustment. As part of the matching network 3, the open-end capacitor C2 is connected to the open end. Its function is to adjust the resonant frequency of the antenna to ensure that the resonance point falls within the geometric center frequency range of the antenna's operating frequency band. Because when the resonant frequency is at the center of the frequency band, the radiation pattern and gain of the antenna are more uniform and stable within the frequency band, thereby providing consistent signal coverage and transmission efficiency. This centralized adjustment helps to optimize the impedance matching of the antenna, reduce reflections and losses caused by frequency changes, and ensure that signals can be efficiently transmitted at different frequencies. In addition, this also helps to balance the gain of the antenna across the entire frequency band and avoid possible performance degradation at the edge of the frequency band. It is of great significance to improving communication quality and reliability and meeting the strict requirements of modern broadband communication systems for antenna performance.

[0070] This embodiment fine-tunes the antenna's electrical length by varying the value of open-ended capacitor C2, thereby affecting its resonant characteristics. This adjustment improves the antenna's radiation pattern and impedance matching across the entire frequency band, enhancing signal transmission efficiency and reception quality. Grounding open-ended capacitor C2 provides a stable reference point for the antenna, helping to reduce structural parasitic effects and ensuring accurate and repeatable debugging.

[0071] At the same time, short-circuit section 2 can be directly connected to ground GND, providing a low-impedance reference point for the other end of the antenna. Direct grounding of short-circuit section 2 helps define the physical and electrical boundary conditions of the antenna, ensuring efficient power transfer from feeder line 22 to the antenna body. Grounding short-circuit section 2 also helps reduce parasitic radiation and return loss, thereby optimizing the antenna's radiation efficiency and bandwidth performance. This design enables the broadband antenna to achieve a more uniform radiation pattern across the entire operating frequency band, meeting the wideband and bandwidth requirements of modern wireless communication systems.

[0072] In summary, the combination of grounding the open-end capacitor C2 and grounding the short-circuit section 2 provides an efficient, flexible, and reliable impedance matching and frequency adjustment mechanism for the broadband antenna, significantly improving the overall performance of the antenna system.

[0073] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 As shown, a hollow cavity 21 a is formed in the short-circuit section antenna body 21 , and the feed line 22 is arranged in the hollow cavity 21 a .

[0074] This embodiment adopts the above design and provides a new antenna structure layout. This design utilizes the resonant characteristics of the cavity to effectively adjust and optimize the operating frequency and radiation pattern of the antenna. As a closed space, the hollow cavity 21a can support multiple modes of electromagnetic wave resonance. By precisely designing the size and shape of the cavity, the resonant frequency can be controlled to match the operating frequency band of the antenna. In addition, the feed line 22 is located in the hollow cavity 21a and can interact with the resonant mode of the cavity to further adjust the electrical parameters of the antenna, such as input impedance and radiation efficiency.

[0075] This structure also helps reduce the antenna's physical size and weight while maintaining or even improving its electrical performance. By embedding the feeder 22 within the hollow cavity 21a, the impact of the external environment on the antenna's performance can be reduced, improving the antenna's weather resistance and stability. Furthermore, this design may also facilitate manufacturing, simplifying the antenna's assembly and maintenance.

[0076] The design of the hollow cavity and feed line 22 in the short-circuit antenna body 21 of this embodiment provides an efficient structural solution for broadband antennas, which helps to achieve a wider operating frequency band, lower loss and better radiation characteristics, meeting the requirements of modern wireless communications for high-performance antennas.

[0077] The broadband antenna of this embodiment achieves efficient energy transmission and excellent radiation characteristics across a wide frequency band through a novel structural layout. The broadband antenna comprises an open-circuit section 1, a short-circuit section 2, and a matching network 3 connecting the two. The open-circuit section 1 is grounded via an open-end capacitor C2, while the short-circuit section 2 is directly grounded. This design provides a stable reference point for the antenna and allows the resonant frequency of the antenna to be optimized by adjusting the open-end capacitor C2, ensuring it is within the geometric center frequency range of the operating frequency band. This results in a more uniform radiation pattern and more stable performance across the entire frequency band.

[0078] The matching network 3 is a key component of the broadband antenna. It consists of the first inductor L1, the second inductor L2, and the matching capacitor C1. The precise selection and connection of these components are crucial for achieving optimal impedance matching between the antenna and the feeder 22 system. The input impedance of the matching network is calculated using an antenna network impedance formula and a standing wave ratio calculation formula. This formula takes into account the operating frequency, inductor and capacitor values, and the original input impedance of the antenna. This calculation process allows designers to optimize the matching network parameters to achieve the best match between the antenna input impedance and the characteristic impedance of the feeder 22, reducing signal reflections and improving energy transmission efficiency.

[0079] In addition, the hollow cavity formed in the short-circuit section antenna body 21 and the arrangement of the feed line 22 in the cavity provide the antenna with an efficient structural layout. This design utilizes the resonant characteristics of the cavity to further adjust the antenna's operating frequency and radiation pattern. At the same time, the built-in feed line 22 helps to reduce the impact of the external environment and improve the antenna's weather resistance and stability. In general, this broadband antenna technology solution, through its unique matching network 3 design, the structural layout of the open section 1 and the short-circuit section 2, and the innovative application of the hollow cavity, provides a high-performance, wide-bandwidth, high-stability and high-reliability antenna solution for broadband communication systems, meeting the requirements of modern wireless communications for antenna wideband operation capabilities.

[0080] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a broadband antenna debugging method, which is applied to the broadband antenna provided in the above embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0081] Step 201: Connect a vector network analyzer between an open-circuit section and a short-circuit section of a broadband antenna.

[0082] The vector network analyzer is provided with a matching network test circuit, and the matching network test circuit corresponds to the matching network of the broadband antenna.

[0083] A vector network analyzer (VNA) is a high-precision test device capable of measuring and analyzing RF circuit parameters, such as impedance and reflection coefficient. A VNA includes a matching network test circuit that simulates the actual matching network of a broadband antenna, ensuring that the test circuit corresponds to the antenna's matching network. This allows for accurate measurement and adjustment of antenna performance parameters. This step provides the necessary test platform and data support for subsequent debugging.

[0084] In some embodiments, this step may include: connecting a core conductor of a test line of a vector network analyzer to an open-circuit section, and connecting an outer conductor of the test line to a short-circuit section.

[0085] Specifically, first connect the vector network analyzer's test lead to the open-circuit section of the broadband antenna. This step connects the vector network analyzer's signal input to the antenna's open-circuit end, thereby obtaining the antenna's original impedance characteristics in an unloaded state. Subsequently, the test lead's outer conductor is connected to the short-circuit section, forming a reference ground for the broadband antenna and ensuring signal stability and security during testing. This connection method not only allows the vector network analyzer to simulate the antenna's matching network but also accurately measures and adjusts antenna performance parameters such as standing wave ratio and input impedance, thereby optimizing the impedance matching between the antenna and the feeder.

[0086] Through this connection, the vector network analyzer can provide detailed data on the performance of broadband antennas, providing an important basis for subsequent matching network design and debugging. This step is the basis for antenna debugging and performance verification, and is crucial for ensuring that broadband antennas achieve expected performance across the entire operating frequency band.

[0087] Step 202: Adjust the test network parameters of the matching network test circuit by using the vector network analyzer to adjust the antenna test parameters of the broadband antenna.

[0088] The test network parameters include a first inductance value, a second inductance value, and a matching capacitance value.

[0089] This step uses a vector network analyzer to adjust the parameters of the matching network test circuit to adjust the broadband antenna's standing wave ratio (SWR). This SWR is a key indicator of the antenna's matching with the feeder system, directly impacting signal transmission efficiency and the antenna's radiation performance.

[0090] A vector network analyzer (VNA) sends a series of signals of known frequencies to a matching network test circuit, measures the reflected signals, and then uses a computer to calculate the network's impedance characteristics. The measurement results reveal antenna test parameters, such as standing wave ratio (SWR) and input impedance, based on the current matching network parameters.

[0091] If these antenna test parameters deviate from the design targets, the inductor and capacitor values ​​in the test circuit are adjusted through the vector network analyzer interface. This adjustment process may require multiple iterations, with antenna performance remeasured and reevaluated after each adjustment until the VSWR and input impedance meet the desired targets.

[0092] This process not only improves antenna efficiency but also ensures the quality and reliability of signal transmission, meeting the high-performance antenna requirements of broadband communication systems. Through this automated and precise adjustment method, the vector network analyzer greatly simplifies the debugging of broadband antennas, improving debugging efficiency and accuracy.

[0093] Step 203: When the antenna test parameters meet the expected values, the current test network parameters are determined as target network parameters.

[0094] Specifically, after a series of fine adjustments are made to the matching network of a broadband antenna using a vector network analyzer, each set of test network parameters is designed to optimize the antenna's key performance indicators, such as standing wave ratio and input impedance, to meet design specifications or operational requirements.

[0095] During this process, the vector network analyzer provides real-time data feedback to monitor changes in antenna performance. When measurement results show that antenna test parameters, including standing wave ratio and input impedance, meet or are relatively close to preset expected values, this indicates that the current matching network configuration has successfully achieved ideal impedance matching between the antenna and the feeder system. At this point, the test network parameters recorded by the vector network analyzer, including the first inductor value, the second inductor value, and the matching capacitor value, are determined to be the optimal solution, namely the target network parameters. These parameters are then used to guide the production or adjustment of the actual matching network, ensuring that the broadband antenna can demonstrate verified performance in actual deployment and meet the requirements of the specific communication system.

[0096] Determining the target network parameters is a crucial step in the antenna debugging process. It is directly related to the final performance and reliability of the antenna and has a direct impact on communication quality.

[0097] Step 204: Create a matching network according to the target network parameters.

[0098] Specifically, the target network parameters mentioned above are first obtained from a vector network analyzer. These parameters include the required first inductance value, second inductance value, and matching capacitance value. They are optimal values ​​determined after careful adjustment and testing to achieve optimal impedance matching between the antenna and the feeder system.

[0099] The appropriate inductor and capacitor components can then be selected based on these parameters. The precise measurement of these components must meet the requirements of the target parameters to ensure the performance of the matching network.

[0100] These components are then precisely connected according to the design requirements and assembled into a matching network. During the production process, intermediate testing using precision instruments may be required to ensure that the impedance value of each component meets the predetermined target.

[0101] After assembly, the matching network typically undergoes final testing to verify that it achieves the desired impedance matching. Only when the matching network demonstrates performance consistent with the target parameters in actual testing can it be officially installed in the broadband antenna system, completing the entire matching network production process.

[0102] This process requires not only precise process and manufacturing technology, but also a deep understanding of RF circuit design to ensure that the broadband antenna can achieve efficient energy transmission and reception across the entire operating frequency band.

[0103] Step 205 : After connecting the matching network between the open section and the short section, the antenna parameters of the broadband antenna are tested using a vector network analyzer.

[0104] Among them, the matching network components are accurately installed between the open-circuit section and the short-circuit section of the broadband antenna, marking the transition of the matching network from theoretical design to physical implementation. The precise placement of the matching network is crucial to the overall performance of the antenna.

[0105] After the matching network is installed, a vector network analyzer (VNA) can be used to perform a series of parameter tests on the broadband antenna. These parameters may include standing wave ratio (SWR), input impedance, gain, and radiation pattern. The VNA sends a signal through the matching network and measures the signal reflected from the antenna to assess the antenna's impedance matching and efficiency. The test results provide feedback on the antenna's performance at different frequencies, ensuring that the broadband antenna meets design specifications across the entire operating frequency band.

[0106] Step 206: When the antenna parameters meet expectations, it is determined that the broadband antenna debugging is qualified.

[0107] Specifically, after completing antenna parameter testing using a vector network analyzer, the obtained data can be compared with expected performance standards. If the antenna parameters fully meet or exceed the expected performance indicators, including an appropriate standing wave ratio and accurate input impedance, this indicates that the antenna debugging work has achieved the desired results, and the broadband antenna is determined to have passed the commissioning. This recognition is a key milestone in the antenna commissioning process, signifying that the antenna is ready for field deployment and can meet the high-performance antenna requirements of modern wireless communication systems. Once the antenna is confirmed to be qualified, the broadband antenna can proceed to final integration and deployment, providing the required signal transmission and reception capabilities for the communication system.

[0108] The method of this embodiment ensures high-efficiency and stable operation of the broadband antenna across the entire operating frequency band. This method begins with precisely connecting the vector network analyzer and placing it between the open and short sections of the broadband antenna. This step is the starting point of the debugging process. The vector network analyzer is equipped with an internal matching network test circuit that corresponds to the matching network design of the broadband antenna, ensuring accurate and reliable testing.

[0109] Subsequently, a vector network analyzer was used to adjust the parameters of the matching network test circuit, including the values ​​of the first inductor, second inductor, and matching capacitor. The goal was to optimize the broadband antenna's test parameters, such as standing wave ratio and input impedance, to meet design requirements. This adjustment process involved meticulous measurement of antenna performance parameters and repeated optimization until the antenna test parameters met the preset expectations. At this point, the current test network parameters were determined to be the optimal matching network parameters, providing precise guidance for the fabrication of the actual matching network.

[0110] Next, based on the determined optimal matching network parameters, a matching network was physically fabricated to ensure its precise coordination with the broadband antenna's matching network. After the matching network was fabricated, it was connected between the open and short sections of the broadband antenna. The broadband antenna's parameters were again tested using a vector network analyzer to verify the matching network's effectiveness.

[0111] Ultimately, when the antenna parameters measured by the vector network analyzer meet the expected performance standards, the broadband antenna is deemed qualified. This signifies that the antenna has been precisely tuned and is ready for practical use, meeting the high-performance antenna requirements of modern wireless communication systems. This entire tuning process demonstrates the rigorous control and optimization of the broadband antenna's performance parameters, ensuring antenna system reliability and communication quality.

[0112] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a broadband antenna debugging method, such as Figure 5 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0113] Step 301: Connect a vector network analyzer between an open-circuit section and a short-circuit section of a broadband antenna.

[0114] This step refers to step 201 and will not be repeated here.

[0115] Step 302 : When the open end of the broadband antenna is grounded via an open end capacitor, adjust the size of the open end capacitor so that the resonance point of the broadband antenna is adjusted to be within the geometric center frequency range of the antenna frequency band.

[0116] The open-end capacitor, as part of the matching network, is connected to the open end of the antenna and serves to adjust the antenna's electrical length. By varying the open-end capacitor's value, the antenna's resonant point can be effectively adjusted. This is because changes in capacitance directly affect the antenna's overall impedance and its resonant characteristics. Reducing the open-end capacitance increases the antenna's electrical length, causing the resonant frequency to drop. Conversely, increasing the capacitance shortens the electrical length, causing the resonant frequency to rise.

[0117] A vector network analyzer can be used to accurately measure the antenna's resonant frequency at different capacitance values. Through repeated adjustments and testing, the antenna's resonant point is precisely tuned to the target frequency range. This tuning process is particularly important for broadband antennas, as it ensures optimal performance within their designed operating frequency band, including maximum radiation efficiency and minimal signal reflection, thereby meeting the stringent antenna performance requirements of modern broadband communication systems. By carefully adjusting the open-end capacitance, broadband antennas can provide stable and efficient signal transmission and reception across the entire operating frequency band.

[0118] Step 303: Determine the impedance between the open section and the short section as the input impedance of the matching network.

[0119] A vector network analyzer (VNA) can be used to measure the impedance between the open and short sections of a broadband antenna, i.e., the input impedance of the matching network. Accurately measuring this impedance provides important reference data for subsequent matching network design and adjustment. Determining the input impedance of the matching network is crucial for achieving optimal impedance matching between the antenna and feeder system, directly impacting signal transmission efficiency and the antenna's radiation performance. Precise measurements with a VNA ensure the accuracy of the matching network input impedance, providing a reliable foundation for subsequent test network parameter adjustments and SWR optimization.

[0120] Step 304 , in the process of adjusting the test network parameters by the vector network analyzer, the standing wave ratio is determined according to the matching network input impedance and the known feeder impedance of the feeder, and the antenna input impedance is determined according to the test network parameters and the matching network input impedance.

[0121] Specifically, antenna test parameters include standing wave ratio and antenna input impedance.

[0122] The standing wave ratio can be calculated according to the standing wave ratio formula, which includes:

[0123]

[0124] Where S is the standing wave ratio, Γ is the reflection coefficient, |Γ| is the absolute value of the reflection coefficient, Z0 represents the known feeder impedance, and Z in Represents the impedance of the matching network input.

[0125] By measuring and calculating these parameters, the impedance matching of the antenna system can be accurately evaluated, and the antenna design can be optimized to ensure efficient signal transmission, reduce reflection loss, and improve the overall performance of the communication system.

[0126] The antenna input impedance can also be determined based on the antenna network impedance formula, which includes:

[0127]

[0128] Among them, Z in Represents the impedance of the matching network input, Z an represents the antenna input impedance, L1 is the first inductance value, L2 is the second inductance value, C is the matching capacitance value, and f is the antenna operating frequency.

[0129] The above antenna network impedance formula expresses the mathematical relationship between the matching network input impedance, antenna input impedance, first inductor, second inductor and matching capacitor. By adjusting the values ​​of L1, L2 and C1, the impedance characteristics of the matching network can be changed, so that Z in Closer to the characteristic impedance of the feeder (which can be 50Ω or 75Ω), better impedance matching is achieved.

[0130] Combined with the above standing wave ratio formula, when the standing wave ratio S is less than or equal to 2, the value of the matching network input impedance Zin can be calculated. Combined with the above antenna network impedance formula, the antenna input impedance Zan can also be obtained by reverse calculation.

[0131] Step 305: When the standing wave ratio and the antenna input impedance meet the expected values, the current test network parameters are determined as target network parameters.

[0132] When the broadband antenna's standing wave ratio and input impedance both meet preset expectations, this indicates that the current matching network configuration has successfully optimized the antenna's electrical performance and achieved effective impedance matching with the feeder system. In this case, the test network parameters recorded by the vector network analyzer, including the first inductor value, the second inductor value, and the matching capacitor value, are determined as the optimal matching network parameters, or target network parameters. These parameters reflect the precise configuration of the matching network components, which work together to adjust the antenna's impedance to closely match the feeder's characteristic impedance within the operating frequency band, thereby minimizing signal reflections and maximizing energy transfer efficiency. Determining the target network parameters is a critical decision point in the antenna debugging process. It signifies that a matching solution that meets performance requirements has been found, providing precise guidance for final matching network fabrication and antenna deployment. This step ensures the reliability of the antenna in real-world applications and the overall performance of the communication system.

[0133] Step 306: Create a matching network according to the target network parameters.

[0134] This step refers to step 204 and will not be repeated here.

[0135] Step 307 : After connecting the matching network between the open section and the short section, test the antenna parameters of the broadband antenna using a vector network analyzer.

[0136] This step refers to step 205 and will not be repeated here.

[0137] Step 308: When the antenna parameters meet expectations, it is determined that the broadband antenna debugging is qualified.

[0138] During the broadband antenna commissioning process, technicians use a vector network analyzer to accurately measure antenna parameters, including key performance indicators such as standing wave ratio (SWR) and input impedance. When antenna parameters fully meet expected performance standards, the antenna has successfully achieved optimal impedance matching with its matching network and feeder system. The broadband antenna is then considered qualified and ready for deployment or further application.

[0139] However, if the measurement results indicate that the antenna parameters do not meet expectations, it means that the current matching network configuration does not achieve ideal impedance matching. In this case, technicians need to readjust the value of the open-end capacitor to change the resonant characteristics of the antenna. At the same time, they may also need to fine-tune other components in the matching network, such as inductors and capacitors, to optimize the overall impedance matching. This adjustment process may require multiple iterations until the antenna parameters fully meet the design requirements, ensuring that the antenna can exhibit the expected performance across the entire operating frequency band. This meticulous adjustment work is crucial to the performance of broadband antennas, as it directly affects signal transmission efficiency and communication quality.

[0140] In some embodiments, the specific implementation process of the broadband antenna debugging method is as follows:

[0141] 1) Antenna burial and grounding:

[0142] 1.1) Bury the broadband antenna underground as required, ensuring the burial depth is no less than 1.5 meters.

[0143] 1.2) Reserve a manhole location for debugging.

[0144] 1.3) Ensure that the grounding resistance of the open circuit end does not exceed 10 ohms and the grounding resistance of the short circuit end does not exceed 5 ohms.

[0145] 2) Matching box and test equipment installation:

[0146] 2.1) Install a vacuum variable capacitor, i.e., the open-circuit end capacitor, in the matching box at the open-circuit end.

[0147] 2.2) Connect the open end of the antenna to ground via an open end capacitor.

[0148] 2.3) Connect a vector network analyzer to the middle matching box of the broadband antenna.

[0149] 2.4) Use split-clip wires to connect the open and short sections of the antenna to the network analyzer.

[0150] 2.5) Connect the computer to the network analyzer via a GPIB to USB cable or an Ethernet cable.

[0151] 2.6) Calibrate the instrument, including the test leads, before testing.

[0152] 3) Open circuit capacitance debugging:

[0153] 3.1) Adjust the open-circuit capacitance and observe the resonance point.

[0154] 3.2) Adjust the open-circuit end capacitance value so that the resonance point is close to the geometric center frequency of the operating frequency band.

[0155] 3.3) When the resonance point approaches the center frequency, the software on the computer will emit a prompt tone.

[0156] 3.4) Slowly adjust the capacitance until the reactance passes through zero, then pause debugging.

[0157] 4) Matching network parameter measurement and calculation:

[0158] 4.1) Switch the debugging software to the matching network measurement and calculation interface.

[0159] 4.2) Use single sampling to collect antenna impedance sample data.

[0160] 4.3) The software automatically calculates the matching network parameters and observes the average standing wave ratio.

[0161] 4.4) If the average standing wave ratio is not greater than 2 and the change curve is gentle, make a matching network circuit according to the software parameters and obtain the circuit design drawing.

[0162] 4.5) If necessary, use continuous sampling and adjust the variable capacitor until the requirements are met.

[0163] 4.6) Use an L / C meter to test and replace the variable capacitor with a fixed capacitance capacitor.

[0164] 4.7) If the fixed capacitance capacitors and variable capacitors deviate significantly, recalculate the matching network.

[0165] 5) Matching network installation and testing:

[0166] 5.1) Install the matching network and open-end capacitors into the matching box according to the circuit design drawing.

[0167] 5.2) Connect the matching box to the antenna body of the broadband antenna.

[0168] 5.3) Connect a vector network analyzer to the feeder port of the matching network.

[0169] 5.4) Use the debugging software to measure the antenna impedance and standing wave ratio and save the data.

[0170] 5.5) The antenna standing wave ratio within the operating frequency band is not greater than 2 to be qualified.

[0171] 6) Antenna matching box sealing and final testing:

[0172] 6.1) Seal the broadband antenna matching box and backfill it with soil.

[0173] 6.2) Connect the network analyzer to the antenna feeder port in the equipment room.

[0174] 6.3) Use the debugging software to test the antenna parameters (impedance and standing wave ratio) and save the data.

[0175] 6.4) The antenna is qualified if its standing wave ratio is no more than 2.

[0176] In this embodiment, the vector network analyzer is connected to the computer via an Ethernet port or a GPIO port, and the measured antenna impedance data of the vector network analyzer is obtained through software, which is automatically recorded, stored, and sent to the matching network calculation program to complete all the work. Continuous real-time sampling and calculation can be performed while adjusting the open-end capacitance. The computer sampling time is short and the accuracy is high. The sampling points are increased to 21 points, and the sampling longitude is increased to 6 decimal places, making the calculation more accurate and reducing the risk of repeated debugging of the matching network in the later stage. One-click calculation of the matching network is achieved, and the time for a single measurement and calculation of the matching network is shortened from 1 hour to 1 second.

[0177] As described above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the above embodiments can still be modified, or some of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A broadband antenna, characterized in that: The antenna comprises an open circuit section, a short circuit section, an open circuit end capacitor and a matching network, wherein the matching network is connected between the open circuit section and the short circuit section, the short circuit section comprises a short circuit section antenna body and a feeder, and the matching network comprises a first inductor, a second inductor and a matching capacitor; The end of the open section away from the matching network is an open end, and the end of the short section away from the matching network is a short end, and the short end is grounded; the open end is grounded via the open end capacitor, and the open end capacitor is used to adjust the resonance point of the broadband antenna to be within the geometric center frequency range of the antenna frequency band; One end of the first inductor is connected to the open-circuit section, and the other end is connected to one end of the matching capacitor and one end of the second inductor respectively; the other end of the second inductor is connected to the feeder core wire of the feeder; the other end of the matching capacitor is connected to the short-circuit section antenna body and the feeder outer skin conductor of the feeder respectively; The open-circuit section and the short-circuit section antenna body constitute an antenna body; The matching network is used to make the antenna parameters of the broadband antenna meet expected values ​​by controlling the sizes of the first inductor, the second inductor and the matching capacitor.

2. The broadband antenna according to claim 1, wherein The antenna parameters include standing wave ratio and antenna input impedance; The standing wave ratio is determined based on the impedance of the input end of the matching network and the known feeder impedance of the feeder, wherein the impedance of the input end of the matching network is the impedance between the open circuit section and the short circuit section; The antenna input impedance is determined according to matching network parameters and the impedance of the matching network input end, wherein the matching network parameters include the inductance values ​​of the first inductor and the second inductor, and the capacitance value of the matching capacitor; The antenna input impedance is the impedance seen from the feeder side into the matching network, specifically calculated according to the antenna network impedance formula, which includes: Among them, Z in represents the matching network input impedance, Z an represents the antenna input impedance, L1 is the first inductance value, L2 is the second inductance value, C1 is the matching capacitance value, and f is the antenna operating frequency.

3. The broadband antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: A hollow cavity is formed in the short-circuit section antenna body, and the feed line is arranged in the hollow cavity.

4. A broadband antenna debugging method, characterized in that: Applied to the broadband antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the method comprises: Connecting a vector network analyzer between the open section and the short section of the broadband antenna, wherein the vector network analyzer is provided with a matching network test circuit, and the matching network test circuit corresponds to the matching network of the broadband antenna; Adjusting the test network parameters of the matching network test circuit by the vector network analyzer to adjust the antenna test parameters of the broadband antenna, wherein the test network parameters include a first inductance value, a second inductance value, and a matching capacitance value; When the antenna test parameters meet the expected values, determining the current test network parameters as target network parameters; Producing the matching network according to the target network parameters; After connecting the matching network between the open section and the short section, testing antenna parameters of the broadband antenna using the vector network analyzer; When the antenna parameters meet expectations, it is determined that the broadband antenna is debugged successfully.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that Before the step of adjusting the test network parameters of the matching network test circuit through the vector network analyzer to adjust the antenna test parameters of the broadband antenna, the method further includes: when the open end of the broadband antenna is grounded through an open end capacitor, adjusting the size of the open end capacitor so that the resonance point of the broadband antenna is adjusted to the geometric center frequency range of the antenna frequency band.

6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that The antenna test parameters include standing wave ratio and antenna input impedance; The step of adjusting the test network parameters of the matching network test circuit by the vector network analyzer to adjust the antenna test parameters of the broadband antenna includes: Determining the impedance between the open circuit section and the short circuit section as the input impedance of the matching network; In the process of adjusting the test network parameters through the vector network analyzer, the standing wave ratio is determined according to the matching network input impedance and the known feeder impedance of the feeder, and the antenna input impedance is determined according to the test network parameters and the matching network input impedance.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The step of determining the standing wave ratio according to the impedance of the matching network input end and the known feeder impedance of the feeder comprises: The standing wave ratio is calculated according to a standing wave ratio formula, which includes: Wherein, S is the standing wave ratio, Γ is the reflection coefficient determined at the input end of the matching network, |Γ| is the absolute value of the reflection coefficient, Z0 represents the known feeder impedance, and Z in represents the input impedance of the matching network.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The step of determining the antenna input impedance according to the test network parameters and the matching network input impedance includes: The antenna input impedance is determined according to an antenna network impedance formula, wherein the antenna network impedance formula includes: Among them, Z in represents the matching network input impedance, Z an represents the antenna input impedance, L1 is the first inductance value, L2 is the second inductance value, C1 is the matching capacitance value, and f is the antenna operating frequency.

9. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The step of connecting a vector network analyzer between the open-circuit section and the short-circuit section of the broadband antenna comprises: The core wire of the test line of the vector network analyzer is connected to the open circuit section, and the outer conductor of the test line is connected to the short circuit section.

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