Piper nigrum extract and application thereof in herbicide synergist

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of herbicide synergists, and particularly relates to a pepper extract and application thereof in herbicide synergists. An extraction method of the pepper extract comprises the following steps: drying pepper fruits, peels, branches, leaves or roots to constant weight, crushing and sieving, soaking and extracting with a solvent of which the mass is 3-10 times that of the pepper fruits, the peels, the branches, the leaves or the roots, performing ultrasonic extraction or Soxhlet reflux extraction, filtering an extracting solution, and performing vacuum concentration to obtain the pepper extract. According to the invention, the pepper extract and the herbicide are combined for use, and pot experiments find that the pepper extract can significantly improve the control effect of mesosulfuron-methyl on grassy weed alopecurus japonicas and broadleaf weed descurainia sophia, so that the pepper extract can be used as a synergist of the herbicide, and can be applied to the field of herbicides. Therefore, the weeding effect of the herbicide on weeds is improved, which is of great significance to development of novel safe synergists.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of herbicide synergists, and particularly relates to a pepper extract and application thereof in a herbicide synergist. Background Art

[0002] Weeds are the main harmful organisms in crop fields, which can cause a large reduction in yield. Spraying herbicides is an important way to control weeds in crop fields. Synergists can improve the weed control effect of herbicides on weeds and are widely used.

[0003] Pepper is a perennial evergreen tropical vine of the genus Piper in the family Piperaceae. It is known as the "king of spices" and is widely used in food seasoning, food preservation, medicine and health care. Pepper has a variety of physiological effects, mainly in antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-tumor, treatment of epilepsy, convulsions and anti-inflammatory effects. Pepper extracts contain olefin compounds, alcohol compounds, aldehyde compounds, ketone compounds, alkaloids, organic acids and other compounds. Among them, the olefin compounds mainly include caryophyllene, limonene, pinene, phellandrene, sabinene, carene and bisabolene; the alcohol compounds include terpinene-4-ol, eugenol and β-eugenol; the phenolic compounds include eugenol and methyl eugenol; the alkaloid compounds include piperine, piperine A, piperine B, piperine C, piperine and piperine; the organic acid compounds include capric acid, lauric acid, palmitic acid, myristic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid.

[0004] The prior art has disclosed that certain components in pepper extract, such as piperine, can be used as synergists for certain herbicides. However, there is no report on directly using pepper extract as a synergist for herbicides. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pepper extract and an application thereof in a herbicide synergist. The pepper extract provided by the present invention can improve the weed control effect of the herbicide and reduce the dosage of the herbicide.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The first object of the present invention is to provide a pepper extract. The extraction method of the pepper extract is: drying pepper fruits, skins, branches, leaves or roots to constant weight, crushing and sieving, soaking and extracting with a solvent of 3-10 times the mass, ultrasonic extraction or Soxhlet reflux extraction, filtering the extract, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain the pepper extract.

[0008] More specifically, the drying temperature is 50-90°C; the crushing fineness is through a 20-100 mesh sieve; the soaking extraction time is 1-7d; the ultrasonic extraction is: ultrasonic extraction at 30-60°C for 1h; the solvent is methanol, ethanol, ether, acetone, chloroform, ethyl acetate or petroleum ether.

[0009] More specifically, the extraction method of the pepper extract is: drying pepper fruits, skins, branches, leaves or roots at 70° C. to constant weight, crushing them through a 20-100 mesh sieve, cold-immersing the sieved crushed material with 5 times the mass of ether for 3 times, each time for 24 hours, combining the extracts, filtering, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain the pepper extract.

[0010] The second object of the present invention is to provide the use of the pepper extract as a herbicide synergist or in the preparation of a herbicide formulation.

[0011] The third object of the present invention is to provide a herbicide synergist, comprising the pepper extract.

[0012] More specifically, in terms of weight percentage, the pepper extract accounts for 0.01-99% of the total weight of the herbicide synergist.

[0013] More specifically, in terms of weight percentage, the pepper extract accounts for 5-20% of the total weight of the herbicide synergist.

[0014] More specifically, the herbicide synergist is prepared from the following ingredients by weight: 5-20% pepper extract, 10-20% emulsifier, and the solvent is supplemented to 100%.

[0015] More specifically, the emulsifier is one or more of OP series emulsifiers, Tween series emulsifiers, tristyrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and castor oil polyoxyethylene ether; the solvent is one or more of ethanol, propylene glycol, petroleum ether, benzene, toluene, xylene, methylated vegetable oil, methylated animal oil, aromatic solvent oil, n-hexane and n-heptane.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The present invention uses a pepper extract in combination with a herbicide. Through a pot plant experiment, it is found that the pepper extract can significantly improve the control effect of methyl disulfone on the grass weed Japanese foxtail and the broad-leaved weed Artemisia sophora japonica, indicating that the pepper extract of the present invention can be used as a synergist of the herbicide, thereby improving the weed control effect of the herbicide on weeds, which is of great significance for the development of a new safe synergist. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention is described clearly and completely below. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by the technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] In the following examples, if no specific technology or conditions are specified, the technology or conditions described in the literature in this field or the product instructions are used. If the manufacturer of the reagents or instruments used is not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased through regular channels. Unless otherwise specified, the percentage content in all embodiments and experimental examples of the present invention refers to the percentage content by weight.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] A pepper extract with a herbicide synergistic effect. The extraction method of the pepper extract is as follows: drying mature pepper fruits, roots, skins, branches or leaves at 70°C to constant weight, crushing them through a 20-100 mesh sieve, cold-immersing the sieved crushed materials with 5 times the mass of ether for 3 times, each time for 24 hours, combining the extracts, filtering, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain the pepper ether extract.

[0022] Example 2

[0023] A pepper extract with a herbicide synergistic effect. The extraction method of the pepper extract is as follows: drying mature pepper fruits at 70°C to constant weight, crushing and passing through a 100-mesh sieve, cold soaking the sieved crushed matter in 5 times the mass of ethanol for 24 hours, ultrasonically extracting at 200W, 26kHz, and 50°C for 1 hour, and filtering; repeating the above process 3 times, combining the extracts, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain the pepper ethanol extract.

[0024] Example 3

[0025] A pepper extract with a herbicide synergistic effect. The extraction method of the pepper extract comprises the following steps: drying mature pepper fruits at 70°C to constant weight, crushing the fruits through a 100-mesh sieve, adding the crushed fruits after the sieve into a Soxhlet extractor, adding 7 times the mass of acetone, heating the mixture to 58°C for extraction for 24 hours, filtering the extract, and concentrating the extract under reduced pressure to obtain the pepper acetone extract.

[0026] Example 4 20% pepper extract emulsifiable concentrate

[0027] Pepper ethanol extract (Example 2) 20%, OP-7 15%, and the balance is mixed benzene.

[0028] The solvent, the emulsifier and the pepper extract are added into a container in sequence, and a 20% pepper extract emulsifiable concentrate is prepared according to a conventional method.

[0029] Example 5 10% pepper extract emulsifiable concentrate

[0030] Pepper acetone extract (Example 3) 10%, EL-40 10%, NP-10 3%, methylated vegetable oil 30%, and the balance is mixed benzene.

[0031] The solvent, emulsifier and pepper extract are added into a container in sequence, and a 10% pepper extract emulsifiable concentrate is prepared according to a conventional method.

[0032] Example 6 Application Test

[0033] Test weeds: Take field soil, dry it in the shade, pass it through a 20-mesh sieve, add 20% peat soil, mix well and put it into pots, sow weed seeds in the pots, 30 seeds / pot, then transfer to a 22℃ artificial greenhouse and culture until the 3-leaf stage, and thin out and plant to 10 plants / pot.

[0034] Test agent: 10% pepper acetone extract (i.e., 10% pepper extract emulsifiable concentrate in Example 5) was diluted 500 times with deionized water, and 30 g / L methyldisulfone dispersible oil suspension (OD, Bayer AG, PD20070051) was added to the concentration of the active ingredient to be 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg / kg;

[0035] 30 g / L methyldisulfuron OD was diluted with deionized water to active ingredient concentrations of 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg / kg.

[0036] The test agent was sprayed on the test weeds, and the treatment of spraying water was used as the control. Each treatment was repeated 3 times, and then the plants were transferred to the original conditions for continued cultivation. After 21 days, the fresh weight of the aboveground part of the weeds was investigated, and the fresh weight inhibition rate was calculated. The logarithm of the agent concentration and the probability value of the fresh weight inhibition rate were used for regression analysis to calculate the activity equation of the agent on the weeds and the GR. 50 , GR 90 The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0037]

[0038] Table 1 Effect of 10% pepper extract on the herbicidal effect of mesosulfuron

[0039]

[0040] Table 2 Effect of 10% pepper extract on the toxicity of mesosulfuron

[0041]

[0042] Combining Table 1 and Table 2, it can be seen that when 1.25-40 mg / kg of methyl disulfone is used to treat the weeds Japanese alopecuroides and Artemisia sophora, the fresh weight inhibition rates of the weeds are 25.24-86.50% and 17.46-88.72% respectively; and when it is mixed with 500 times of 10% pepper extract, the fresh weight inhibition rates of the weeds Japanese alopecuroides and Artemisia sophora are increased by 4.97-10.77% and 9.88-30.52% respectively.

[0043] In addition, the results showed that the effect of methyldisulfone alone on the GR of Japanese alopecuroides was 50 The value is 4.45mg / kg, GR 90 The value is 59.61mg / kg. After mixing with 500 times of 10% pepper extract, GR 50 The value is 3.10mg / kg, GR 90 The value was 30.92 mg / kg, and the activity increased by 1.44-1.93 times; in addition, the use of methyl disulfone alone had an effect on the activity of Artemisia GR 50 The value is 6.58mg / kg, GR 90 The value is 53.3mg / kg. After mixing with 500 times of 10% pepper extract, GR 50 The value is 2.01mg / kg, GR 90 The value was 11.27 mg / kg, and the activity increased by 3.27-4.73 times.

[0044] In summary, the pepper extract of the present invention can significantly improve the control effect of mesosulfuron on the gramineous weed Japanese alopecuroides and the broad-leaved weed Artemisia sophora japonica.

[0045] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention is for the purpose of illustration and demonstration. These descriptions are not intended to limit the present invention to the precise form disclosed, and it is clear that many changes and variations can be made based on the above teachings. The purpose of selecting and describing the exemplary embodiments is to explain the specific principles of the present invention and its practical application, so that those skilled in the art can realize and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the present invention and various different selections and changes. The scope of the present invention is intended to be limited by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pepper extract, characterized in that The extraction method of the pepper extract is: drying pepper fruits, skins, branches, leaves or roots to constant weight, crushing and sieving, soaking and extracting with a solvent of 3-10 times the mass, ultrasonic extraction or Soxhlet reflux extraction, filtering the extract, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain the pepper extract.

2. The pepper extract according to claim 1, characterized in that The drying temperature is 50-90℃; the crushing fineness is to pass through a 20-100 mesh sieve; the soaking extraction time is 1-7d; the ultrasonic extraction is: ultrasonic extraction at 20-30℃ for 1h; The solvent is methanol, ethanol, ether, acetone, chloroform, ethyl acetate or petroleum ether.

3. The pepper extract according to claim 1, characterized in that The extraction method of the pepper extract is as follows: drying pepper fruit, skin, branch, leaf or root at 70°C to constant weight, crushing and passing through a 20-100 mesh sieve, cold-immersing and extracting the sieved crushed material with 5 times the mass of ether for 3 times, each time for 24 hours, combining the extracts, filtering, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain the pepper extract.

4. Use of the pepper extract according to claim 1 as a herbicide synergist or in the preparation of a herbicide formulation.

5. A herbicide synergist, characterized in that: The invention comprises the pepper extract according to claim 1.

6. The herbicide synergist according to claim 5, characterized in that: In terms of weight percentage, the pepper extract accounts for 0.01-99% of the total weight of the herbicide synergist.

7. The herbicide synergist according to claim 5, characterized in that: In terms of weight percentage, the pepper extract accounts for 5-20% of the total weight of the herbicide synergist.

8. The herbicide synergist according to claim 5, characterized in that: The herbicide synergist is prepared from the following ingredients by weight percentage: 5-20% of pepper extract, 10-20% of emulsifier, and the solvent is supplemented to 100%.

9. The herbicide synergist according to claim 8, characterized in that: The emulsifier is one or more of OP series emulsifier, Tween series emulsifier, tristyrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and castor oil polyoxyethylene ether; The solvent is one or more of ethanol, propylene glycol, petroleum ether, benzene, toluene, xylene, methylated vegetable oil, methylated animal oil, aromatic solvent oil, n-hexane and n-heptane.

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