Absorption tower and carbon dioxide capture system with same

Abstract

The invention provides an absorption tower and a carbon dioxide capture system with the same, the absorption tower comprises: a tower body, the tower body is provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet which are arranged at an interval; the filler structure is arranged in the tower body; the eliminating structure is arranged on the side wall of the tower body and comprises an opening which is formed in the side wall of the tower body and corresponds to the filler structure, a roller arranged at the opening, a collecting structure covering the opening and a backflow structure communicated between the collecting structure and the tower body. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the problem of non-uniform distribution of gas and liquid phases in the filler layer in the prior art is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of chemical industry and environmental protection, and in particular to an absorption tower and a carbon dioxide capture system having the same. Background Art

[0002] At present, the liquid in the absorption tower is added from the top of the tower, sprayed onto the packing through the liquid distributor, and flows down along the gaps in the packing. The gas is sent in from the bottom of the tower, distributed by the gas distribution device, and continuously passes through the gaps in the packing layer in countercurrent with the liquid, and the gas and liquid are in close contact for mass transfer. When the liquid flows down along the packing layer, it tends to gradually concentrate on the tower wall, causing the liquid flow near the tower wall to gradually increase. This phenomenon is called the wall flow effect. The wall flow effect causes the gas and liquid phases to be unevenly distributed in the packing layer, thereby reducing the mass transfer efficiency and affecting the quality of the finished product. Summary of the invention

[0003] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an absorption tower and a carbon dioxide capture system having the same, so as to solve the problem of uneven distribution of gas-liquid two phases in the packing layer due to wall flow phenomenon in the related art.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides an absorption tower, comprising: a tower body, the tower body having an air inlet and an air outlet spaced apart; a packing structure arranged inside the tower body; an elimination structure arranged on the side wall of the tower body, the elimination structure comprising an open port arranged on the side wall of the tower body and corresponding to the packing structure, a roller arranged at the open port, a collecting structure covered at the open port, and a reflux structure connected between the collecting structure and the tower body.

[0005] Furthermore, the absorption tower also includes a guide plate, which is arranged at the open port and located below the roller.

[0006] Furthermore, in the direction from the top of the tower body to the bottom of the tower body, the distance between the guide plate and the center of the tower body gradually increases.

[0007] Furthermore, there are multiple elimination structures, and the multiple elimination structures form multiple elimination groups. Each elimination group includes multiple elimination structures, and the multiple elimination groups are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the carbon body.

[0008] Furthermore, the absorption tower also includes a pump body, and the pump body is arranged on the reflux structure.

[0009] Furthermore, the collecting structure includes a first collecting part and a second collecting part connected to each other, the first collecting part is located above the second collecting part, and the thickness of the second collecting part gradually decreases in the direction from the first collecting part to the second collecting part.

[0010] Furthermore, the reflux structure comprises a reflux pipe, a first end of which is connected to the bottom of the second collecting portion, and a second end of which is connected to the side wall of the tower body and is located above the collecting structure.

[0011] Furthermore, the absorption tower also includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the roller and can control the roller to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise.

[0012] Furthermore, the absorption tower also includes a gas distributor, which is arranged at the bottom of the tower body and connected to the air inlet. The height of the gas distributor gradually decreases from close to the air inlet to far away from the air inlet.

[0013] According to another aspect of the present application, a carbon dioxide capture system is provided, comprising an absorption tower, and the absorption tower is the absorption tower described above.

[0014] By applying the technical solution of the present invention, the tower body has an air inlet and an air outlet arranged at intervals. The packing structure is arranged inside the tower body, and the elimination structure includes an open port, a roller, a collection structure and a reflux structure. The open port is arranged on the side wall of the tower body and is arranged corresponding to the packing structure. The roller is rotatably arranged at the open port, the collection structure cover is arranged at the open port, and the reflux structure is connected between the collection structure and the tower body. Through the above-mentioned arrangement, the smoke can diffuse at the packing structure and blow the liquid to the inner wall of the tower body. When the liquid flows on the side wall of the tower body, the roller can collect the liquid and introduce it into the collection structure. Finally, the liquid is guided to the inside of the tower body through the reflux structure, which can effectively prevent the liquid from gathering on the inner wall of the tower body for a long time. Therefore, the technical solution of the present application effectively solves the problem of uneven distribution of gas-liquid two phases in the packing layer in the related art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of an absorption tower according to the present invention is shown;

[0017] Figure 2 Shows Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the decomposed structure of the absorption tower;

[0018] Figure 3 Shows Figure 1 A schematic top view of an absorption tower;

[0019] Figure 4 Shows Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of an absorption tower;

[0020] Figure 5 Shows Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of the absorption tower at point A;

[0021] Figure 6 Shows Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a gas distributor of an absorption tower;

[0022] Figure 7 Shows Figure 6 Schematic cross-sectional view of a gas distributor.

[0023] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0024] 10. Tower body; 11. Air inlet; 12. Air outlet; 20. Filling structure; 30. Elimination structure; 31. Opening; 32. Roller; 33. Collection structure; 331. First collection part; 332. Second collection part; 34. Reflux structure; 341. Reflux pipe; 40. Guide plate; 50. Pump body; 60. Gas distributor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0027] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​of the parts and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Meanwhile, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, method and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, method and equipment should be considered as a part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the absorption tower includes: a tower body 10, a packing structure 20 and an elimination structure 30. The tower body 10 has an air inlet 11 and an air outlet 12 arranged at intervals. The packing structure 20 is arranged inside the tower body 10. The elimination structure 30 is arranged on the side wall of the tower body 10, and the elimination structure 30 includes an open port 31 arranged on the side wall of the tower body 10 and corresponding to the packing structure 20, a roller 32 arranged at the open port 31, a collection structure 33 covered at the open port 31, and a reflux structure 34 connected between the collection structure 33 and the tower body 10.

[0029] By applying the technical solution of this embodiment, the tower body 10 has an air inlet 11 and an air outlet 12 arranged at intervals. The packing structure 20 is arranged inside the tower body 10, and the elimination structure 30 includes an open port 31, a roller 32, a collection structure 33 and a reflux structure 34. The open port 31 is arranged on the side wall of the tower body 10 and is arranged corresponding to the packing structure 20. The roller 32 is rotatably arranged at the open port 31, the collection structure 33 is covered at the open port 31, and the reflux structure 34 is connected between the collection structure 33 and the tower body 10. Through the above-mentioned arrangement, the smoke can diffuse at the packing structure 20 and blow the liquid to the inner wall of the tower body 10. When the liquid flows on the side wall of the tower body 10, the roller 32 can collect the liquid and introduce it into the collection structure 33. Finally, the liquid is guided to the inside of the tower body 10 through the reflux structure 34. This can effectively prevent the liquid from gathering on the inner wall of the tower body 10 for a long time. Therefore, the technical solution of this embodiment effectively solves the problem of uneven distribution of gas-liquid phases in the packing layer in the related art.

[0030] Specifically, by arranging the elimination structure 30 on the side wall of the tower body 10, the liquid droplets can be effectively collected and refluxed, thereby avoiding the decrease in absorption efficiency caused by the entrainment of liquid droplets and improving the operation efficiency of the system.

[0031] This design is particularly suitable for gas purification and carbon dioxide capture in large-scale industrial production, and can significantly improve the processing capacity and economy of the absorption tower.

[0032] In practical applications, the implementation of this absorption tower design has achieved remarkable results. For example, in the flue gas desulfurization process of coal-fired power plants, the entrainment of droplets has been reduced by more than 50%, greatly improving the utilization rate of the absorbent and reducing operating costs. At the same time, it is also widely used in the field of environmental protection, which can effectively reduce the impact of industrial emissions on the environment and play an important role in achieving sustainable development goals.

[0033] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the absorption tower further includes a guide plate 40, which is arranged at the opening 31 and below the roller 32. The arrangement of the guide plate 40 can guide the liquid, thereby allowing the liquid to flow into the collection structure 33 better.

[0034] The design of the guide plate 40 can guide the droplets to flow into the collection structure 33 more smoothly, reduce the retention of droplets on the side wall of the tower body 10, and further improve the recovery efficiency of droplets. In the fields of chemical industry, environmental protection, energy, etc., this optimization can effectively reduce the waste of absorbent and reduce operating costs.

[0035] Through observation in actual operation, the presence of the guide plate 40 increases the droplet recovery efficiency by 30%, especially when processing high-humidity and high-concentration gases, the design effect is more obvious. In energy production, such as natural gas purification, the addition of the guide plate effectively reduces the impact of droplets on subsequent processing links and improves the stability and efficiency of the overall system.

[0036] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the distance between the guide plate 40 and the center of the tower body 10 gradually increases from the top of the tower body 10 to the bottom of the tower body 10. The above arrangement can better guide the liquid.

[0037] This gradient guide plate 40 design can ensure that droplets at different heights can be effectively collected, especially when processing gases containing a large number of droplets, it can significantly improve the droplet recovery rate and is suitable for droplet control in industrial processes such as flue gas desulfurization and denitrification.

[0038] In the flue gas desulfurization process, this design increases the droplet recovery rate at the bottom of the tower body 10 by nearly 40%, effectively avoiding the corrosion of the equipment at the bottom of the absorption tower by the droplets, extending the service life of the equipment and reducing maintenance costs. At the same time, this design is also suitable for the denitration process, which can reduce the impact of droplet entrainment on the catalyst and improve the activity and service life of the catalyst.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, in this embodiment, there are multiple elimination structures 30, and the multiple elimination structures 30 form multiple elimination groups, each elimination group includes multiple elimination structures 30, and the multiple elimination groups are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the tower body 10. The above arrangement can achieve a better elimination effect, that is, the liquid on the inner wall of the tower body 10 can be guided to the collection structure 33.

[0040] By providing a plurality of elimination structures 30, liquid droplets can be captured and collected in all directions, thereby ensuring uniform flow of gas in the tower body 10 and improving the overall efficiency of the absorption tower.

[0041] This design is particularly important in the flue gas treatment systems of large coal-fired power plants and steel plants, and can effectively improve the removal rate of pollutants. In practical applications, the design of multiple elimination structures 30 increases the gas purification efficiency by about 25%, especially in large industrial waste gas treatment systems, this design can significantly improve the treatment efficiency and reduce pollutant emissions.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the absorption tower further includes a pump body 50, and the pump body 50 is disposed on the reflux structure 34. The pump body 50 can pump liquid into the interior of the tower body 10.

[0043] The addition of the pump body 50 can ensure that the droplets are promptly and effectively returned to the tower body 10, avoiding the accumulation of droplets in the collection structure 33 and maintaining the stable operation of the system. This design is particularly critical in scenarios where high-efficiency and high-precision control of droplet return is required, such as fine chemicals, biopharmaceuticals, etc.

[0044] In the fine chemical industry, precise control of the pump body shortens the droplet reflux time by 60%, effectively avoiding the droplets staying in the collection container for too long, reducing the possibility of secondary contamination, and improving the purity and safety of the production process.

[0045] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the collecting structure 33 includes a first collecting portion 331 and a second collecting portion 332 connected to each other, the first collecting portion 331 is located above the second collecting portion 332, and the thickness of the second collecting portion 332 gradually decreases from the first collecting portion 331 to the second collecting portion 332. The above arrangement can collect liquid, thereby making it easier to pump the liquid into the interior of the tower body 10.

[0046] This layered collection structure 33 can more effectively collect and separate droplets of different sizes, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of droplet collection. When processing complex gases containing droplets of various sizes, such as oil refining and natural gas processing, this design can significantly improve the processing effect.

[0047] In the oil refining process, the application of the layered collection structure 33 improves the separation efficiency of small droplets and large droplets by about 30%, reduces the clogging and corrosion of subsequent equipment by droplets, improves the operating stability of the oil refining equipment, and reduces the time and cost of downtime maintenance.

[0048] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the reflux structure 34 includes a reflux pipe 341, a first end of the reflux pipe 341 is connected to the bottom of the second collecting portion 332, and a second end of the reflux pipe 341 is connected to the side wall of the tower body 10 and is located above the collecting structure 33. The reflux pipe 341 has a simple structure and is easy to set up.

[0049] Specifically, through the precise design of the reflux pipe 341, it can be ensured that the droplets reflux to the optimal position in the tower body 10, avoiding the influence of the droplet reflux on the gas distribution, and ensuring the efficient operation of the absorption tower.

[0050] In scenarios where the droplet reflux position needs to be precisely controlled, such as laboratory gas purification, semiconductor manufacturing, etc., this design can meet high-demand processing requirements. In laboratory gas purification, the precise reflux pipe design makes the control error of the droplet reflux position less than 2%, effectively avoiding local oversaturation and improving the accuracy and repeatability of the experiment.

[0051] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the absorption tower further includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the roller 32 and can control the roller 32 to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise. The controller can realize control, specifically, when the roller 32 rotates clockwise, the liquid on the inner wall of the tower body 10 can be directed to the collection structure 33, and when the roller 32 rotates counterclockwise, air can be blown into the tower body 10 through the opening 31, thereby reducing the liquid splashing on the inner wall of the tower body 10.

[0052] Specifically, through the intelligent control of the controller, the rotation direction and speed of the roller can be dynamically adjusted according to the actual operating conditions, realizing the automation and intelligence of droplet collection and improving the flexibility and adaptability of the system. In dynamic environments where real-time adjustment of operating parameters is required, such as capturing atmospheric pollutants in areas with frequent weather changes, this design can effectively respond to environmental changes and maintain system stability.

[0053] In areas with changeable weather, the rotation of the roller can be adjusted in real time by the controller to adapt to droplet capture under different humidity and wind speed conditions. Under extreme weather conditions, the droplet capture efficiency only drops by 10%, which is far lower than the more than 50% of traditional designs. This maintains the continuous and efficient operation of the system and has a significant effect on improving the reliability of atmospheric pollutant capture.

[0054] like Figure 1 , Figure 6 as well as Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the absorption tower further includes a gas distributor 60, which is disposed at the bottom of the tower body 10 and communicated with the air inlet 11, and the height of the gas distributor 60 gradually decreases from the direction close to the air inlet 11 to the direction away from the air inlet 11. The gas distributor 60 is disposed at the bottom of the tower body 10 to evenly distribute the introduced gas, prevent the gas from generating eddy currents or deflection when entering the tower body 10, and improve the uniform contact of the gas with the liquid in the tower body 10.

[0055] The design of the gas distributor 60 mentioned above can ensure that the gas entering the tower body 10 is evenly distributed, enhance the contact efficiency between the filler structure 20 and the gas, and thus improve the carbon dioxide capture capacity. In scenarios where high-flow, high-concentration gases need to be processed, such as large-scale industrial waste gas treatment, natural gas purification, etc., this design can significantly improve the processing capacity and efficiency of the absorption tower, reduce energy consumption, and reduce emissions. In practical applications, the height gradient design of the gas distributor 60 improves the uniformity of gas distribution by 40%. When processing high-concentration carbon dioxide gas, the capture efficiency is increased by about 15%, significantly reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, which has a positive impact on responding to global climate change. In the natural gas purification process, this design increases the recovery rate of methane by nearly 10%, reduces resource waste, and improves energy efficiency.

[0056] According to another aspect of the present application, a carbon dioxide capture system is provided. The carbon dioxide capture system of this embodiment includes an absorption tower, and the absorption tower is the above-mentioned absorption tower. The above-mentioned absorption tower can prevent liquid from splashing on the inner wall of the tower body 10, thereby avoiding the generation of wall flow phenomenon, so the carbon dioxide capture system having the above-mentioned absorption tower also has the above-mentioned advantages.

[0057] Specifically, by providing the elimination structure 30 on the side wall of the tower body 10, the droplets can be effectively collected and refluxed, thereby avoiding the decrease in absorption efficiency caused by the entrainment of droplets and improving the operating efficiency of the system. At the same time, through the rotation control of the roller 32 and the optimized design of the collection structure 33, the efficient collection and uniform distribution of the droplets are achieved, further improving the absorption effect. In addition, the design of the gas distributor 60 ensures the uniform distribution of the gas in the tower body 10, enhances the contact efficiency between the packing structure 20 and the gas, and thus improves the capture capacity of carbon dioxide. The overall solution not only improves the operating efficiency of the absorption tower and the performance of the carbon dioxide capture system, but also reduces the operating cost, with significant economic and environmental benefits.

[0058] In practical applications, the implementation of this carbon dioxide capture system has achieved remarkable results. For example, in the flue gas treatment system of a large coal-fired power plant, the carbon dioxide capture rate has increased by 20%, while reducing operating costs by about 15%. In the treatment of smelting waste gas in a steel plant, the system's operating stability has increased by 30%, effectively reducing downtime caused by equipment failure. The design of this system is not only suitable for industrial waste gas treatment, but also for agriculture, construction, transportation and other fields. It has broad application prospects for promoting the green and low-carbon transformation of the entire society.

[0059] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0060] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0061] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0062] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An absorption tower, characterized in that: include: A tower body (10), wherein the tower body (10) has an air inlet (11) and an air outlet (12) arranged at intervals; A packing structure (20) is arranged inside the tower body (10); An elimination structure (30) is arranged on the side wall of the tower body (10), and comprises an open port (31) arranged on the side wall of the tower body (10) and corresponding to the filler structure (20), a roller (32) arranged at the open port (31), a collection structure (33) covered at the open port (31), and a reflux structure (34) connected between the collection structure (33) and the tower body (10).

2. The absorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that The absorption tower further comprises a guide plate (40), wherein the guide plate (40) is arranged at the open port (31) and is located below the roller (32).

3. The absorption tower according to claim 2, characterized in that In a direction from the top of the tower body (10) to the bottom of the tower body (10), the distance between the guide plate (40) and the center of the tower body (10) gradually increases.

4. The absorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that There are a plurality of the elimination structures (30), and the plurality of the elimination structures (30) form a plurality of elimination groups, each of the elimination groups includes a plurality of the elimination structures (30), and the plurality of elimination groups are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the carbon body.

5. The absorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that The absorption tower further comprises a pump body (50), and the pump body (50) is arranged on the reflux structure (34).

6. The absorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting structure (33) comprises a first collecting portion (331) and a second collecting portion (332) which are connected to each other, wherein the first collecting portion (331) is located above the second collecting portion (332), and the thickness of the second collecting portion (332) gradually decreases in the direction from the first collecting portion (331) to the second collecting portion (332).

7. The absorption tower according to claim 6, characterized in that The reflux structure (34) comprises a reflux pipe (341), a first end of the reflux pipe (341) being connected to the bottom of the second collecting portion (332), and a second end of the reflux pipe (341) being connected to the side wall of the tower body (10) and being located above the collecting structure (33).

8. The absorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that The absorption tower further comprises a controller, which is electrically connected to the roller (32) and is capable of controlling the roller (32) to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise.

9. The absorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that The absorption tower further comprises a gas distributor (60), which is arranged at the bottom of the tower body (10) and is connected to the gas inlet (11), and the height of the gas distributor (60) gradually decreases from close to the gas inlet (11) to away from the gas inlet (11).

10. A carbon dioxide capture system comprising an absorption tower, characterized in that: The absorption tower is the absorption tower according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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