2704results about "Foam dispersion/prevention" patented technology

The present invention generally relates to aqueous, acidic compositions thickened with an amidoamine oxide gelling agent and/or viscoelastic surfactant of the general formula I:

wherein R₁ is a saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched chain aliphatic group of from about 7 to about 30 carbon atoms, R₂ is a divalent alkylene group of 2–6 carbon atoms which may be linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted, and R₃ and R₄ are independently C₁–C₄ alkyl or hydroxyalkyl groups or together they form a heterocyclic ring of up to six members, and R₅ is hydrogen or a C₁–C₄ alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group. The aforementioned gelling agents advantageously provide gels that do not undergo phase separation over extended periods of time and exhibit high heat stability. The thickened acid gels of the invention have applications in household and industrial cleaners and degreasers, oilfield stimulation applications and the like.

Well treatment is disclosed that includes injecting a well treatment fluid with insoluble polyol polymer such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) dispersed therein, depositing the insoluble polymer in the wellbore or an adjacent formation, and thereafter dissolving the polymer by reducing salinity and/or increasing temperature conditions in the environment of the polymer deposit. The method is disclosed for filter cake formation, fluid loss control, drilling, hydraulic fracturing and fiber assisted transport, where removal of the polyol at the end of treatment or after treatment is desired. The method is also disclosed for providing dissolved polyol as a delayed breaker in crosslinked polymer viscosified systems and viscoelastic surfactant systems. Also disclosed are well treatment fluids containing insoluble amorphous or at least partially crystalline polyol, and a PVOH fiber composition wherein the fibers are stabilized from dissolution by salinity.

A method for marking a liquid petroleum hydrocarbon. The method comprises adding to the liquid petroleum hydrocarbon at least one substituted anthraquinone dry having formula (I) wherein X is O or S; Y is O, NR<7 >or S; R<1 >and R<2 >independently are hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocyclic or alkanoyl; R<3 >and R<5 >independently are alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroalkyl or heterocyclic; R<4 >and R<6 >independently are hydrogen or alkyl; R<7 >is hydrogen or alkyl; and wherein the substituted anthraquinone dye(s) has an absorption maximum in the range from 600 nm to 750 nm.

A device for degassing gas bubbles out of a liquid comprises a housing having a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet and a gas bubble outlet. The housing includes a spiral wall defining a spiral flow path for the liquid and a hydrophobic membrane above the spiral wall and between the spiral wall and the gas bubble outlet. The spiral wall forces inward liquid entering the housing through the inlet into a spiral flow along the spiral flow path, and causes an upward flow of the gas bubbles toward the hydrophobic membrane. A method for degassing gas bubbles out of a liquid, e.g., blood, e.g., during hemodialysis, hemofiltration and hemodiafiltration, and use of such a degassing device in an extracorporeal circuit for degassing gas bubbles out of liquid, e.g., blood, e.g., during hemodialysis, hemofiltration and hemodiafiltration, are disclosed.

It has been discovered that fluids viscosified with viscoelastic surfactants (VESs) may have their viscosities reduced (gels broken) by the direct or indirect action of a biochemical agent, such as bacteria, fungi, and/or enzymes. The biochemical agent may directly attack the VES itself, or some other component in the fluid that produces a by-product that then causes viscosity reduction. The biochemical agent may disaggregate or otherwise attack the micellar structure of the VES-gelled fluid. The biochemical agent may produce an enzyme that reduces viscosity by one of these mechanisms. A single biochemical agent may operate simultaneously by two different mechanisms, such as by degrading the VES directly, as well as another component, such as a glycol, the latter mechanism in turn producing a by-product (e.g. an alcohol) that causes viscosity reduction. Alternatively, two or more different biochemical agents may be used simultaneously. In a specific, non-limiting instance, a brine fluid gelled with an amine oxide surfactant can have its viscosity broken with bacteria such as Enterobacter cloacae, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and the like.

The present invention provides a dispersant and foaming agent combination that is useful in the production of gypsum wallboard and other aqueous cementitious products, a method of forming a gypsum wallboard and a gypsum wallboard. The dispersant in the combination according to the invention is a naphthalene sulfonate-aldehyde condensate alkali salt polymer having a weight average molecular weight of from about 17,000 to about 47,000. The alkali is preferably an alkali metal and/or an alkaline earth metal. The aldehyde is preferably formaldehyde. The foaming agent used in the combination according to the invention is a soap, preferably an alkali salt of an alkyl ether sulfate and/or an alkyl sulfate. The combination of a high molecular weight dispersant and a foaming agent produces a gypsum wallboard core effect that more efficiently entrains air (i.e., creates void space), thereby lowering overall board weight without detrimentally affecting strength. A gypsum wallboard formed using the dispersant and foaming agent combination according to the invention exhibits a higher nail pull value than gypsum wallboard formed using a conventional dispersant and a foaming agent at the same solids loading ratio.

A system for abating undesired component(s) from a gas stream containing same, such as halocompounds, acid gases, silanes, ammonia, etc., by scrubbing of the effluent gas stream with an aqueous scrubbing medium. Halocompounds, such as fluorine, fluorides, perfluorocarbons, and chlorofluorocarbons, may be scrubbed in the presence of a reducing agent, e.g., sodium thiosulfate, ammonium hydroxide, or potassium iodide. In one embodiment, the scrubbing system includes a first acid gas scrubbing unit operated in cocurrent gas/liquid flow, and a second "polishing" unit operated in countercurrent gas/liquid flow, to achieve high removal efficiency with low consumption of water. The scrubbing system may utilize removable insert beds of packing material, packaged in a foraminous containment structure. The abatement system of the invention has particular utility in the treatment of semiconductor manufacturing process effluents.

The invention relates to a water-soluble polyether modified silicone defoamer. The preparation method of the polyether-modified silicone defoamer comprises the following steps: firstly, adding terminal allyl polyoxyalkylene ether into a container for stirring, removing water; then adding solvent and low hydrogen-containing silicone oil into the above solution and stirring; then The catalyst is added to carry out stirring and heating reaction under N2 atmosphere and reflux condensation conditions; after the reaction is completed, the solvent and low boilers are removed to obtain the water-soluble polyether modified silicone. The invention also provides a compounding method of the water-soluble polyether modified silicone defoamer prepared by the above preparation method. The defoaming agent solves the problems that polysiloxanes are difficult to dissolve in water, have poor high temperature resistance and strong alkali resistance, and polyether defoaming agents have unsatisfactory defoaming speed and foam suppression time. The compounding method of water-soluble polyether-modified silicone defoamer solves the problems of incomplete emulsification of simethicone-type defoamer, demulsification when used, low temperature resistance and poor foam suppression ability.

The present invention is one kind of active defoaming composition suitable for eliminating harmful foams under high temperature and strong alkaline condition in high efficiency, and may be used in washing paper pulp, treating metal surface and other fields. The active defoaming composition is prepared with organic siloxane, silicone resin, inorganic oxide particle, hydrophobic treating agent, catalyst and other material. The preparation process includes the following steps: 1. mixing organic siloxane, silicone resin and catalyst, and heating the mixture to 80-200 deg.c for controllable polymerization; 2. adding inorganic oxide particle and hydrophobic treating agent; and 3. further heating to reaction at 80-200 deg.c temperature and 0.01-0.08 MPa vacuum for 2-10 hr, and cooling to room temperature to obtain white polymer as the active defoaming composition.

Compositions comprise first antioxidants and first additives, such as, a surface additives, performance enhancing additives and lubricant protective additives and optionally second additives and/or second antioxidants. The compositions are useful to improve lubricants, lubricant oils and other lubricant materials. The compositions and methods generally provide longer shelf lives, increased oxidative resistance, improved quality and/or enhanced performance to lubricants or lubricant oils.

The invention provides a mineral oil defoaming agent comprising mineral oil, a fatty acid metal soap, fatty acid amide, white carbon black, a defoaming auxiliary agent and an emulsifying agent. The invention has the technical scheme that the fatty acid metal soap, the fatty acid amide and the white carbon black are simultaneously selected as defoaming substances and a method mixing the defoaming substances into the mineral oil is changed, thus the stability and the foam removing and depressing properties of the mineral oil defoaming agent are improved. The mineral oil defoaming agent has better foam removing and depressing effects in the processes of papermaking black liquor, coating, sewage treatment, latex, cleaning, and the like.

Foaming of a lube oil comprising a base stock derived from wax isomeration and an additive package is effectively reduced to within specification limits of 50 ml/ml over a temperature range of from at least 24 DEG C. to 93.5 DEG C. by adding to the oil an effective amount of an antifoamant exhibiting a spreading coefficient of at least about 2 mN/m. This has been found to be particularly effective in reducing foaming of lube oils containing a mixture of a wax isomerate oil and a petroleum oil fraction. Antifoamants typically used with conventional lube oils containing one or more petroleum fraction base stocks, but which do not exhibit a spreading coefficient of at least 2 mN/m with the wax isomerate containing oil, have been found not to be effective in reducing the foaming of the oil.

The invention discloses an efficient silicone defoaming agent, which mainly comprises a silicone grease mixture, a synergistic agent, a polyether silicone oil emulsifier, an assistant emulsifier, a thickening agent, preservative and water, wherein in an emulsifier emulsion, the silicone grease mixture and the polyether silicone oil emulsifier account for 70-90 percent of the amount of active matters; the active matters account for 5-30 percent of the amount of the emulsion; and water serves as another medium. In the efficient silicone defoaming agent, the foam inhibiting performance is enhanced by using the silicone grease mixture, the defoaming performance and dispersity are improved by using the polyether silicone oil emulsifier, and the silicone grease viscosity and compatibility are lowered and the emulsifying effect is improved by adding the synergistic agent. The efficient silicone defoaming agent has the characteristics of application to waterborne systems, high defoaming speed, good foam inhibiting effect, low using dosage, high chemical inertness, nontoxicity, capability of acting under severe conditions and low cost.

The present invention provides a hydrophobic precipitated silica having the following properties:

The present invention also provides methods for making and using the hydrophobic precipitated silica and articles and compositions which include the same.

A method of processing alkali wastes in oil refinement comprises: evaporating alkali wastes in oil refinement containing an evaporation accelerating agent, the evaporated gas-phrase condensate is recycled, introducing the concentrated alkali wastes into a burning oven, and producing sodium carbonate and sodium sulfate at 750í½950degree C. The evaporation accelerating agent comprises: 30í½85úÑ polymer of polyoxypropylen-polyoxyethylene, 5í½23úÑlow-carbon alcohol, 5í½55úÑ water.

A substrate having an anti-adhesive coating thereon. The coating is made from a coating composition comprising solid particles of a release agent different from boron nitride and a binder comprising surface-modified nanoscale solid particles.

A silicone composition having a continuous phase of a polar organic liquid including particles of a silicone active material encapsulated within an organic encapsulating material which is a solid at 25° C. The silicone active material is sparingly soluble in the polar organic liquid at 25° C., but is substantially dissolved in the polar organic liquid at temperatures of from 40 to 100° C. The three phase contact angle between the organic encapsulating material, the silicone antifoam, and the polar organic liquid is below 130° C., with the angle measured through the silicone.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-viscosity organic silicon defoamer. The preparation method comprises the following steps of preparing a silicon grease by using organopolysiloxane, dewatering particles, catalysts and silicon resin under 180-240 DEG C, and stirring and uniformly mixing the silicon grease, polyether modified silicone oil and an emulsifying agent under 72-78 DEG C so as to obtain an oil phase mixture, dissolving a dispersing thickening agent in water; then adding a sodium hydroxide solution to uniformly stir to obtain emulsifying thickening water, adding the emulsifying thickening water into an oil-phase mixture, and carrying out emulsifying stir on the oil-phase mixture under 72-78 DEG C to obtain a coarse emulsifying object; and homogenizing the coarse emulsifying object under 50-55 DEG C to obtain a fine emulsifying object, adding residue water into the fine emulsifying object, stirring and uniformly mixing the fine emulsifying object under room temperature so as to obtain the high-viscosity organic silicon defoamer. The preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages that high-viscosity simethicone is utilized as an emulsifying main raw material, and thus, the obtained high-viscosity organic silicon defoamer has an ultra-strong defoaming speed and an anti-foam effect.

A lubricant for an oil retaining bearing containing 1 to 100% by mass of an ionic liquid. The lubricant has a low vapor pressure, low flammability, excellent heat resistance and ability to suppress the emanation of low volatile components and decomposed gases during use, or a lubricant for an oil retaining bearing which has antistatic property and is capable of grounding the static electricity generated by flow charging of the lubricant.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a mineral oil defoaming agent, comprising the following steps: adding mineral oil to a reaction container; adding wax, white carbon black, an emulsifying agent and oleic acid in sequence when dispersing at a high speed; after finishing adding, dispersing until the system is basically and uniformly dispersed at a high speed; turning to a colloid grinder and grinding and dispersing for 4-6 times; checking; and after the material is qualified, discharging the material. In the preparation method of a mineral oil defoaming agent in the invention, a proper variety of wax or modified wax is selected so that the mineral oil defoaming agent has perfect dispersing and defoaming effects and storage stability; the prepared mineral oil defoaming agent is a novel water defoaming agent, and has the characteristics of environmental protection, safety, excellent performance, and the like; the preparation method perfects the sorts of the products in the domestic market; and the preparation method has a simple manufacturing process and is easy to produce in a large scale.

To provide a defoaming agent causing less cissing. The defoaming agent contains an aluminum carboxylate (A) and hydrocarbon oil (B), but contains no alkaline earth metals, wherein (A) is an aluminum di-carboxylate (A2) or a mixture of an aluminum mono-carboxylate (A1) and an aluminum di-carboxylate (A2), the content, by weight, of (A) is 0.1-60% and the content of (B) is 40-99.9% based on the weight of (A) and (B), and the content of A(1) is <=40% based on the total weight of (A1) and (A2). In addition, the defoaming agent contains free fatty acid (FA) and the content of (FA) is preferably 1-30% based on the weight of (A1) and (A2). In addition, the defoaming agent contains hydrocarbon oil (B) containing aromatic carbon (BA), and the content of (BA) is preferably 1-30% by number based on the total number of carbons of (B).

Of the many embodiments provided herein, one embodiment includes a method comprising: providing a drilling fluid comprising: an aqueous fluid; and a surfactant; and drilling a well bore in a subterranean formation comprising an oleaginous fluid using the drilling fluid, wherein the surfactant forms a micelle within the well bore; and removing an oil block in the formation.