The invention discloses a
silicon-carbon negative
electrode material with a
yolk-
eggshell structure and a preparation method of the
silicon-carbon negative
electrode material, and belongs to the technical field of
new energy materials and energy
electrochemistry. The preparation method comprises the following steps: by taking photovoltaic
silicon waste as a silicon source, heating in an
air atmosphere to generate a
silicon oxide layer on the surface of a
silicon particle, then
coating a layer of carbon shell outside, and finally removing a
silicon oxide middle layer by
hydrofluoric acid to obtain the silicon-carbon negative
electrode material Si (at) Void (at) C. The obtained material is of a
yolk-
eggshell structure, micron-sized silicon particles are adopted as an inner core, and the silicon-carbon negative
electrode material Si (at) Void (at) C is obtained. The shell is
amorphous carbon, and a reasonably designed
void space is formed between the particles and the shell, so that a buffer space can be provided for expansion of the silicon particles, and the cycle performance of the silicon-carbon negative
electrode material is improved; the whole preparation process is simple, the price of the photovoltaic silicon waste is low, large-scale production is facilitated, high-value conversion and utilization of waste resources are achieved while the cost is reduced, and obvious economic value and social value are achieved.