A sponge photothermal interface evaporation device with antibacterial effect and a preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a sponge photothermal interface evaporation device with antibacterial properties, its preparation method, and its application. The sponge photothermal interface evaporation device includes a photothermal layer and a water supply layer arranged vertically, with the photothermal layer laid on top of the water supply layer. The photothermal layer is printing paper modified with CPTS solution. The CPTS solution includes the following components by weight: 0.03–0.07 parts nano-titanium dioxide particles, 0.15–0.35 parts carbon nanotubes, 0.08–0.18 parts polyvinyl alcohol, 0.04–0.10 parts sodium dodecyl sulfate, and 20–30 parts deionized water. The water supply layer is obtained by modifying a sponge by soaking it in a 10–25 g / L tea polyphenol aqueous solution. This invention innovatively applies tea polyphenols to the preparation of interface evaporation materials through sponge modification. Tea polyphenols exert antibacterial functions on the one hand, and on the other hand, act as a hydrophilic modifier to enhance the hydrophilicity of the sponge material itself, thereby improving the efficiency of interface evaporation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photothermal interface evaporation material preparation technology, specifically to a sponge photothermal interface evaporation device with antibacterial properties, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] People from all walks of life are actively researching and trying to develop various effective methods for freshwater production. Among these well-developed technologies, solar-driven seawater desalination technology has attracted much attention from scholars due to its relatively simple structure and low cost. In a typical solar-driven seawater desalination process, water is injected into the solar evaporator through capillary action at the evaporator's orifices. However, the water actually contains a large number of various bacteria and organic matter. Their presence not only affects the water evaporation rate of the solar interface evaporation material, but some pathogenic bacteria and organic matter may also enter the evaporated freshwater during the water evaporation process, which seriously affects the safety of drinking freshwater.

[0003] Currently, some researchers have developed solar interface evaporation materials with antibacterial properties. However, most of these methods use expensive silver ions to create antibacterial materials, which is not very helpful for research on materials that need to be mass-produced and have higher antibacterial properties. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an inexpensive interface evaporation material with antibacterial function to address the shortcomings of existing technologies. This is of great significance for subsequent research on antibacterial materials and drinking water treatment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the above-mentioned problems by providing a sponge photothermal interface evaporation device with antibacterial properties, its preparation method, and its application.

[0005] To achieve its objective, the present invention employs the following technical solution:

[0006] A first aspect of the present invention provides a sponge photothermal interface evaporation device with antibacterial properties, comprising a photothermal layer and a water supply layer disposed on the upper and lower sides, wherein the photothermal layer is laid on the water supply layer;

[0007] The photothermal layer is a CPTS-modified printing paper, obtained by soaking the printing paper in a CPTS solution and then drying it. The CPTS solution comprises the following components by weight: 0.03-0.07 parts nano-titanium dioxide particles, 0.15-0.35 parts carbon nanotubes, 0.08-0.18 parts polyvinyl alcohol, 0.04-0.10 parts sodium dodecyl sulfate, and 20-30 parts deionized water.

[0008] The water supply layer is obtained by modifying a sponge by soaking it in a 10-25 g / L tea polyphenol aqueous solution.

[0009] Preferably, the sponge is a polyurethane sponge or a polyvinyl alcohol sponge.

[0010] Preferably, the thickness of the sponge is 0.5-5cm, more preferably 0.5-2cm or 1.0-1.5cm; the area of ​​the photothermal layer is greater than or equal to the area of ​​the sponge, covering the upper surface of the sponge.

[0011] Preferably, the CPTS solution comprises the following components by weight: 0.04–0.06 parts of nano-titanium dioxide particles, 0.20–0.30 parts of carbon nanotubes, 0.10–0.15 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.06–0.08 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate, and 23–27 parts of deionized water;

[0012] The concentration of the tea polyphenol aqueous solution is 15–22 g / L.

[0013] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the sponge photothermal interface evaporation device according to any one of the above claims, comprising the following steps:

[0014] (1) Preparation of tea polyphenol-modified sponge water supply layer: Soak the sponge in a tea polyphenol aqueous solution to allow the sponge to fully absorb the solution. After the sponge is fully saturated with the solution, remove it and dry it to obtain a tea polyphenol-modified sponge.

[0015] (2) Preparation of CPTS solution modified photothermal layer of printing paper: The printing paper is soaked in CPTS solution until the paper fully absorbs the solution and then dried to obtain CPTS solution modified printing paper;

[0016] (3) Preparation of modified interface evaporation device: Printing paper modified with CPTS solution is laid on the surface of tea polyphenol modified sponge to obtain photothermal interface evaporation device.

[0017] Preferably, in step (1), the sponge is soaked in the tea polyphenol aqueous solution for 1 to 10 hours each time, and after soaking, it is taken out and dried in an oven at 50 to 70°C for 2 to 4 hours until it is completely dry.

[0018] Step (1) is repeated 1 to 5 times.

[0019] Preferably, in step (2), the printing paper is soaked in CPTS solution for 1–10 hours;

[0020] Step (2) is repeated 1 to 5 times.

[0021] Preferably, steps (1) and (2) are repeated 2 to 4 times.

[0022] A third aspect of the present invention provides the application of the sponge photothermal interface evaporation device described in any of the above claims in solar-driven interface evaporation, photothermal seawater desalination, and wastewater treatment.

[0023] In the aforementioned application, the water supply layer of the sponge photothermal interface evaporation device comes into contact with the water to be treated, and the sponge in the water supply layer transfers the water upward to the photothermal layer.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0025] 1. This invention innovatively applies tea polyphenols to the preparation of interfacial evaporation materials by modifying sponges. By immersing the sponge in a tea polyphenol solution, the tea polyphenols exert antibacterial functions, which significantly reduces costs compared to existing interfacial evaporation materials that use expensive silver ions for antibacterial effects. On the other hand, the tea polyphenols act as hydrophilic modifiers to enhance the hydrophilicity of the sponge material itself, greatly enhancing its water transport capacity. This allows water in contact with the lower part of the sponge material to be continuously transferred to the photothermal layer, thereby improving the efficiency of interfacial evaporation.

[0026] 2. Currently, the production processes of most carbon-based biomass interfacial evaporation materials, such as carbonized winter melon, carbonized eggplant, and carbon-based aerogels, are relatively complex and require expensive and energy-intensive equipment such as muffle furnaces and freeze dryers, resulting in high costs. In contrast, the interfacial evaporation device of this invention simply involves laying a layer of photocatalytic printing paper on the surface of a modified sponge. The sponge is readily available and widely sourced, and the photothermal layer can be made from waste paper, thus recycling waste and reducing environmental pollution. The preparation method is simple, eliminating the need for cumbersome and energy-intensive processes such as high-temperature carbonization and freeze drying, resulting in low costs, large-scale production, and high interfacial evaporation efficiency. It can be applied to seawater desalination, degradation of organic wastewater, and other fields, with a wide range of applications.

[0027] 3. The interfacial evaporation device of the present invention achieves a better balance between water supply and heat transfer through the layered structure design of superhydrophilic layer-hydrophobic photothermal layer, thereby concentrating more heat on the surface of the material to achieve an excellent interfacial evaporation rate. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a picture of the product obtained in Example 1 after culturing on a potato culture medium coated with bacteria for 72 hours. Figure 1 (Right) and a picture of a potato culture medium coated with bacteria, without any product placed on it, after one week of incubation. Figure 1 Left).

[0029] Figure 2 The degradation rate of CPTS@paper-tea polyphenols@polyurethane sponge with different concentrations of methyl orange solution under one sunlight exposure was compared with the removal rate of 7 mg / L methyl orange under continuous 5 h.

[0030] Figure 3 The products obtained in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were subjected to one solar radiation (1000 W / m²) in pure water. 2The rate of water evaporation under irradiation.

[0031] Figure 4 The photothermal layer of the product prepared in Example 1 ( Figure 4 (Left) and water supply layer ( Figure 4 (Right) Contact angle test image

[0032] Figure 5 This is a scanning electron microscope image of a polyurethane sponge before tea polyphenol modification.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a scanning electron microscope image of polyurethane foam after being modified with tea polyphenols. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments, but these embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0035] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods described in the following examples are conventional methods.

[0036] Example 1 :

[0037] The modified interfacial evaporation device CPTS@paper-tea polyphenols@polyurethane sponge was prepared by following these steps:

[0038] (1) Preparation of polyurethane foam modified with tea polyphenols: Polyurethane foam was cut into circular sheets with a thickness of 1 cm and a diameter of 5 cm. The polyurethane foam sheets were immersed in a polyurethane (CAS No.: 84650-60-2) aqueous solution for 8 h. The concentration of the polyurethane aqueous solution was 20 g / L. Then, the sheets were removed and placed in a 60℃ oven for 3 h. After drying, the sheets were immersed in the polyurethane solution again. The polyurethane immersion-oven drying operation was repeated for a total of 3 times to ensure that the polyurethane foam surface was fully covered with polyurethane foam, thus obtaining polyurethane foam modified with tea polyphenols: polyurethane foam@polyurethane foam.

[0039] (2) Preparation of CPTS solution-modified printing paper: Cut waste A4 printing paper into circular pieces with a diameter of 5cm (or larger, as long as it can cover the sponge), soak them in CPTS solution for 8 hours, then remove them and let them air dry at room temperature. Repeat the CPTS solution soaking-drying operation three times in total to ensure that the CPTS solution is fully coated on the surface of the waste A4 paper. The CPTS solution formula is as follows: 0.05g nano titanium dioxide particles, 0.25g carbon nanotubes, 0.13g polyvinyl alcohol, 0.07g sodium dodecyl sulfate, and 25ml deionized water, mixed well.

[0040] (3) Preparation of modified interface evaporation device: Waste printing paper modified with CPTS solution is laid on the surface of tea polyphenol@polyurethane sponge to obtain the modified interface evaporation device: CPTS@paper-tea polyphenol@polyurethane sponge.

[0041] Example 2: Preparation of the modified interfacial evaporation device CPTS@paper-tea polyphenols@polyvinyl alcohol sponge: Except for replacing the polyurethane sponge in Example 1 with polyvinyl alcohol sponge, the other operation steps are exactly the same.

[0042] Example 3: Preparation of the modified interfacial evaporation device CPTS@paper-tea polyphenols@waste mop sponge: Except for replacing the polyurethane sponge in Example 1 with waste mop sponge, the other operation steps are exactly the same.

[0043] Example 4: Preparation of the modified interfacial evaporation device CPTS@paper-tea polyphenols@polyurethane sponge: Except for the size of the polyurethane sponge, the other operation steps are exactly the same as in Example 1. The polyurethane sponge used in Example 4 is a circular sheet with a thickness of 0.5 cm and a diameter of 5 cm.

[0044] Example 5: Preparation of the modified interfacial evaporation device CPTS@paper-tea polyphenols@polyurethane sponge: Except for the size of the polyurethane sponge, the other operation steps are exactly the same as in Example 1. The polyurethane sponge used in Example 5 is a circular sheet with a thickness of 1.5 cm and a diameter of 5 cm.

[0045] Comparative Example 1:

[0046] To prepare the interfacial evaporation apparatus, follow these steps:

[0047] (1) Cut the polyurethane foam into circular sheets with a thickness of 1cm and a diameter of 5cm.

[0048] (2) Soak waste A4 printing paper in CPTS solution for 8 hours, then remove it and air dry at room temperature. Repeat the CPTS solution soaking-drying operation three times in total to ensure that the CPTS solution is fully coated on the surface of the waste A4 paper. The CPTS solution formula is as follows: 0.05g nano titanium dioxide particles, 0.25g carbon nanotubes, 0.13g polyvinyl alcohol, 0.07g sodium dodecyl sulfate, and 25ml deionized water, mixed well.

[0049] (3) The waste A4 paper modified by CPTS solution is laid on the surface of polyurethane foam and used as a photothermal layer.

[0050] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that the polyurethane sponge was not coated with tea polyphenols. The results showed that its hydrophilicity and antibacterial properties were far inferior to those of tea polyphenol@polyurethane sponge, and its water evaporation rate in pure water was only 0.92 kg / m³. 2 / h.

[0051] Comparative Example 2:

[0052] To prepare the interfacial evaporation apparatus, follow these steps:

[0053] (1) Preparation of tea polyphenol@polyurethane sponge: The polyurethane sponge was cut into circular sheets with a thickness of 1 cm and a diameter of 5 cm. The polyurethane sponge sheets were immersed in a tea polyphenol (CAS No.: 84650-60-2) solution with a concentration of 20 g / L for 8 h. Then, they were taken out and placed in a 60℃ oven for 3 h. After drying, they were immersed in the tea polyphenol solution again. The tea polyphenol immersion-oven drying operation was repeated for a total of 3 times to ensure that the tea polyphenol fully covers the surface of the polyurethane sponge, thus obtaining tea polyphenol@polyurethane sponge.

[0054] (2) The CPTS solution in Example 1 was prepared, and the tea polyphenol@polyurethane sponge was directly immersed in the CPTS solution. The results showed that the structure of the tea polyphenol@polyurethane sponge was deformed after immersion in the CPTS solution. The CPTS solution destroyed the structure of the sponge, and its water evaporation rate in pure water was only 1.81 kg / m³. 2 / h.

[0055] Performance testing

[0056] 1. Analysis of antibacterial experiments

[0057] The CPTS@paper-tea polyphenol@polyurethane sponge from Example 1 was placed in a potato culture medium containing bacteria for 72 hours, while a control group was also prepared. The results showed that almost no bacteria were observed in the potato culture medium containing CPTS@A4 paper-tea polyphenol@polyurethane sponge after 72 hours, while the control group showed well-grown bacteria evenly distributed. This indicates that the product of the present invention has good antibacterial properties.

[0058] 2. Photocatalysis Experimental Analysis

[0059] First, methyl orange solutions of 10 mg / L, 7 mg / L, 5 mg / L, 3 mg / L, and 1 mg / L were prepared. Then, the absorbance at a wavelength of 464 nm was measured using a UV spectrophotometer, and the data were recorded. Finally, a fitting curve was plotted, and the curve showed that the solutions prepared in this study had a good standard curve.

[0060] Take a 100ml beaker and add an appropriate amount of 10mg / L methyl orange solution. Then, place the modified interfacial evaporation device prepared in Example 1 into the beaker. Irradiate under sunlight for 1 hour, and collect the evaporated water using a condenser. Collect samples at 10min, 20min, 30min, 40min, 50min, and 60min, and then measure the absorbance changes using a UV spectrophotometer.

[0061] During the photocatalytic effect test, water samples were collected at different time intervals to detect the concentration of the organic pollutant methyl orange. Photocatalytic experiments were conducted on water samples with different pollutant concentrations of 1 mg / L, 3 mg / L, 5 mg / L, 7 mg / L, and 10 mg / L, and the pollutant concentration in the water was recorded over one hour. Figure 2 As shown, at a concentration of 1 mg / L, the effect of pollutant reduction over time was not significant, with a photocatalytic removal rate of approximately 5% after 1 hour. As the pollutant concentration in the evaporating water increased, the removal rate rose from 5% at 1 mg / L to 12% at 7 mg / L within one hour. However, the catalytic effect decreased at 10 mg / L, attributed to the high concentration of organic pollutants hindering the photocatalytic groups from receiving light and the adhesion and degradation of methylene blue. Further, a 5-hour photocatalytic experiment was conducted at the concentration with the best removal effect. Samples of the evaporating water were collected at different time points to detect the methyl orange concentration. It was observed that the photocatalytic effect was significant in the first 4 hours, with a removal rate of approximately 17% per hour. By the fifth hour, the removal rate reached 84%, demonstrating the material's significant effect and excellent durability in photocatalytic degradation.

[0062] 3. Comparison of water evaporation experiments

[0063] The prepared modified interfacial evaporation apparatus was placed in a beaker containing 100 ml of water and irradiated with simulated sunlight using a xenon lamp (Cel-S500) equipped with an AM 1.5 filter. Simultaneously, a solar energy meter (SM206-Solar) was used to calibrate and maintain the sunlight intensity at a level of 1000 W / m². 2 An electronic balance (AX224ZH / E) was used to record the mass loss of water in the beaker to measure the interfacial evaporation capacity of the sample. Another beaker containing 100 ml of water was placed in the balance and placed in a dark environment. The amount of natural evaporation of the system after 1 hour was recorded as a control group to calculate its actual evaporation efficiency.

[0064] Water evaporation tests were conducted on the products prepared in Examples 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2. The evaporation rates of different samples after one hour of continuous evaporation under sunlight irradiation are shown below. Figure 3As shown, under sunlight irradiation, the water mass in the beaker continuously changes with increasing irradiation time for pure water and different samples. The water evaporation rate and efficiency results for each product are as follows:

[0065] The product prepared in Example 1 achieved a water evaporation rate and efficiency of 2.52 kg / m³. 2 / h and 93.82%;

[0066] The product obtained in Example 2 had a water evaporation rate and efficiency of 2.09 kg / m³. 2 / h and 90.24%;

[0067] The product prepared in Example 3 had a water evaporation rate and efficiency of 2.29 kg / m³. 2 / h and 88.67%;

[0068] The product prepared in Example 4 had a water evaporation rate and efficiency of 2.03 kg / m³. 2 / h and 89.93%;

[0069] The product prepared in Example 5 had a water evaporation rate and efficiency of 2.46 kg / m³. 2 / h and 85.46%;

[0070] The water evaporation rate and efficiency of the product prepared in Comparative Example 1 were 0.92 kg / m³. 2 / h and 84.62%;

[0071] The water evaporation rate and efficiency of the product prepared in Comparative Example 2 were 1.81 kg / m³. 2 / h and 83.54%.

[0072] The above results show that the CPTS@paper-tea polyphenols@sponge interface evaporation device of the present invention has excellent water evaporation effect.

[0073] 4. Contact Angle Test Comparison

[0074] Contact angle tests were performed on various parts of the product obtained in Example 1, and the results are as follows: Figure 4 As shown, where Figure 4 The image on the left shows a contact angle test image of CPTS solution-modified printing paper (CPTS@paper, used as a photothermal layer). Figure 4 (Right) is a contact angle test image of polyurethane foam (used as a water supply layer) modified with tea polyphenols.

[0075] from Figure 4The contact angle image (left) shows that the CPTS@paper has poor hydrophilicity, with a contact angle of 103.657°. The photothermal layer is more hydrophobic, which slows down water transport in the photothermal layer, thus preventing water from the supply layer from rushing into the surface of the photothermal layer too quickly and causing heat loss. Figure 4 (Right) It can be seen that the hydrophilicity of the polyurethane sponge is significantly enhanced after modification with tea polyphenols. This greatly enhances the water transport capacity of the material, so that the water at the bottom of the material is continuously transferred to the photothermal interface, providing a water source guarantee for the efficient interface evaporation of the material.

[0076] 5. Comparison of the structure of polyurethane foam before and after modification

[0077] from Figure 5-6 It can be seen that the polyurethane sponge before modification has a uniformly distributed pore structure, while the tea polyphenol soaking treatment makes the sponge's pore structure more wrinkled. Therefore, the sponge not only has a large number of crisscrossing irregular pore structures, but also has a larger specific surface area, and a large number of tea polyphenol molecules are attached to the surface, making it more hydrophilic, thereby enhancing the material's evaporation efficiency.

Claims

1. A sponge photothermal interface evaporation device with antibacterial properties, characterized in that: It includes a photothermal layer and a water supply layer arranged on top of each other, with the photothermal layer laid on the water supply layer; The photothermal layer is a printing paper modified with CPTS solution, which is obtained by soaking the printing paper in CPTS solution and then drying it. The CPTS solution includes the following components by weight: 0.03~0.07 parts nano titanium dioxide particles, 0.15~0.35 parts carbon nanotubes, 0.08~0.18 parts polyvinyl alcohol, 0.04~0.10 parts sodium dodecyl sulfate, and 20~30 parts deionized water. The water supply layer is obtained by modifying a sponge by soaking it in a 10-25 g / L tea polyphenol aqueous solution.

2. The sponge photothermal interface evaporation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sponge is a polyurethane sponge or a polyvinyl alcohol sponge.

3. The sponge photothermal interface evaporation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the sponge is 0.5~5cm; the area of ​​the photothermal layer is greater than or equal to the area of ​​the sponge, covering the upper surface of the sponge.

4. The sponge photothermal interface evaporation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The CPTS solution comprises the following components by weight: 0.04-0.06 parts nano-titanium dioxide particles, 0.20-0.30 parts carbon nanotubes, 0.10-0.15 parts polyvinyl alcohol, 0.06-0.08 parts sodium dodecyl sulfate, and 23-27 parts deionized water; The concentration of the tea polyphenol aqueous solution is 15~22g / L.

5. The method for preparing the sponge photothermal interface evaporation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Preparation of tea polyphenol-modified sponge water supply layer: Soak the sponge in a tea polyphenol aqueous solution to allow the sponge to fully absorb the solution. After the sponge is fully saturated with the solution, remove it and dry it to obtain a tea polyphenol-modified sponge. (2) Preparation of CPTS solution modified photothermal layer of printing paper: The printing paper is soaked in CPTS solution until the paper fully absorbs the solution and then dried to obtain CPTS solution modified printing paper; (3) Preparation of modified interface evaporation device: Printing paper modified with CPTS solution is laid on the surface of tea polyphenol modified sponge to obtain photothermal interface evaporation device.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step (1), the sponge is soaked in the tea polyphenol aqueous solution for 1 to 10 hours each time. After soaking, it is taken out and dried in an oven at 50 to 70°C for 2 to 4 hours until it is dry. Step (1) is repeated 1 to 5 times.

7. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step (2), the printing paper is soaked in CPTS solution for 1-10 hours; Step (2) is repeated 1 to 5 times.

8. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: Steps (1) and (2) are repeated 2 to 4 times.

9. The application of the sponge photothermal interface evaporation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in solar-driven interface evaporation, photothermal seawater desalination, and sewage treatment.

10. The application according to claim 9, characterized in that: The water supply layer of the sponge photothermal interface evaporation device is brought into contact with the water to be treated, and the sponge in the water supply layer transfers the water upward to the photothermal layer.

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