An oil pumping unit capable of automatically adjusting the number of strokes

Abstract

The invention discloses an oil pumping unit with automatic stroke adjustment, which relates to the technical field of oil field automation control, and comprises: a crank-connecting rod regulating component, which is installed at the bottom of a connecting piece and is used for automatically adjusting its own movement rhythm and strength according to changes in the output and pressure parameters of the oil well. With the cooperation of the crank-connecting rod regulating component, the overall operation status is adjusted in real time according to the dynamic changes of the oil well, so that the working state of the oil pumping unit is always matched with the liquid supply capacity of the oil well, and the oil pumping unit can quickly adapt to changes in the liquid supply capacity of the oil well, greatly improving the response speed and adjustment accuracy of the oil pumping unit, which is 20% higher than that of a traditional oil pumping unit, and effectively improving the exploitation efficiency of the oil field. With the cooperation of the driving regulating component, mechanical impact caused by inertia is prevented, ensuring that the overall operation can run safely, improving oil production efficiency, equipment reliability and service life, and reducing operation and maintenance costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oilfield automation control, in particular to an oil pumping unit capable of automatically adjusting the stroke frequency. Background Art

[0002] At present, most of the pumping units used in domestic oil fields use frequency converters to adjust the strokes, and in specific applications, they are divided into manual and automatic stroke adjustment. Among them, automatic stroke adjustment is rarely used, and most of the reasons are that there is no reliable parameter reference. Generally, the indicator for measuring the best working state of the pumping unit is the liquid production of the oil well. At present, the most widely used technology in oil fields is the "power diagram oil measurement" technology.

[0003] At present, in the operation process of the pumping unit with automatic stroke adjustment, the traditional crank-connecting rod and driving structure have limitations in dealing with complex oil well conditions and frequent changes in stroke frequency, which makes the load fluctuation of the pumping unit large in high-viscosity crude oil or oil wells with a lot of sand, resulting in the crank-connecting rod structure being unable to effectively buffer these impacts due to the rigid connection, causing increased wear of mechanical parts and increased failure rate. At the same time, in the process of stroke adjustment, the response speed of the traditional driving structure is slow and cannot quickly adapt to sudden changes in the fluid supply capacity of the oil well, affecting the oil production efficiency and equipment life. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a pumping unit with automatic stroke adjustment. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an oil pumping unit with automatic stroke adjustment to solve the problem proposed in the above-mentioned background technology that during the operation of the oil pumping unit with automatic stroke adjustment, the traditional crank-connecting rod and driving structure have limitations in dealing with complex oil well conditions and frequent changes in stroke frequency, so that in oil wells with high viscosity crude oil or high sand content, the load fluctuation of the oil pump is large, resulting in the crank-connecting rod structure being unable to effectively buffer these impacts due to the rigid connection, causing increased wear of mechanical parts and increased failure rate. At the same time, during the stroke adjustment process, the traditional driving structure has a slow response speed and cannot quickly adapt to sudden changes in the oil well's fluid supply capacity, affecting oil production efficiency and equipment life.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an oil pumping unit with automatic stroke adjustment, a crank connecting rod control assembly, a connector, a drive housing, a drive control assembly, a sensor integrated group and an oil pumping line pressure connector, comprising:

[0006] The crank-connecting rod control assembly is installed at the bottom of the connecting piece and is used to automatically adjust its own movement rhythm and strength according to the changes in the production and pressure parameters of the oil well;

[0007] The crank-connecting rod regulating assembly is connected to the driving box through a connecting piece, and the crank-connecting rod regulating assembly includes a vertical edge frame, an electromagnetic clutch, an inner groove sliding rail frame, a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod. The driving box is installed inside the frame of the vertical edge frame, the electromagnetic clutch is rotatably connected to the first connecting rod, and the top end of the second connecting rod is slidably connected to the inner groove sliding rail frame through a crank connecting sliding piece;

[0008] The drive control component is installed inside the drive box and is used to receive instructions from an external PLC controller and accurately adjust the speed and torque of the pulley structure installed on the side of the drive box according to the real-time production and pressure parameter changes of the oil well;

[0009] The drive control assembly includes an output key shaft column, a control pulley structure, a frequency conversion controller and a first electromagnetic blocker, the output key shaft column is connected to the pulley structure in the drive housing, the frequency conversion controller is electrically connected to the control pulley structure to adjust the rotation speed, the crank-connecting rod control assembly is connected to the drive housing through a connector, the crank-connecting rod control assembly includes a vertical edge frame, an electromagnetic clutch, an inner groove sliding rail frame, a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, the drive housing is installed inside the vertical edge frame, the electromagnetic clutch is rotatably connected to the first connecting rod, and the top end of the second connecting rod is slidably connected to the inner groove sliding rail frame through a crank connection sliding member;

[0010] The drive control component is installed inside the drive box and is used to receive instructions from an external PLC controller and accurately adjust the speed and torque of the pulley structure installed on the side of the drive box according to the real-time production and pressure parameter changes of the oil well;

[0011] The drive control assembly includes an output key shaft column, a control pulley structure, a frequency conversion controller and a first electromagnetic blocker, wherein the output key shaft column is connected to the pulley structure in the drive housing, and the frequency conversion controller is electrically connected to the control pulley structure to adjust the rotation speed;

[0012] The sensor integration group is installed at the bottom of the pumping line pressure connector, and is used to monitor the displacement, speed and oil well pressure of the pumping line pressure connector, and is connected to the external PLC controller signal. The external PLC controller controls the frequency conversion controller and the electromagnetic clutch according to the feedback signal of the sensor integration group to adjust the stroke of the crank connecting rod control component. The drive control component adjusts the output frequency in steps of 0.1 Hz through the frequency conversion controller according to the feedback signal of the sensor integration group to achieve step-by-step adjustment of the rotation speed.

[0013] Preferably, the crank-connecting rod regulating assembly comprises:

[0014] A vertical edge frame, an electromagnetic clutch, an inner groove sliding rail frame and a first connecting rod, wherein the bottom of the vertical edge frame is fastened with a bearing chassis frame, the side end of the vertical edge frame is fastened with the side surface of the inner groove sliding rail frame, the side end of the electromagnetic clutch is rotatably connected to the center position of the side end of the first connecting rod, the other side end of the first connecting rod is rotatably connected to the side end of the second connecting rod, the length of the second connecting rod is greater than that of the first connecting rod, and the top end of the second connecting rod is connected to a crank connecting sliding member, and the crank connecting sliding member is located inside the inner groove sliding rail frame to form a sliding connection.

[0015] Preferably, hot and cold controllers are symmetrically installed in the left and right side walls of the inner groove sliding rail frame, the side ends of the hot and cold controllers are electrically connected to the control feedback circuit frame, the side ends of the control feedback circuit frame are electrically connected to the sliding annular electromagnetic guide rails, the sliding annular electromagnetic guide rails are located inside the inner groove sliding rail frame to form a sliding connection, the inside of the sliding annular electromagnetic guide rails are respectively slidably connected with heating contact elements and cooling contact elements, and the heating contact elements and cooling contact elements extend to the inside of the inner groove sliding rail frame.

[0016] Preferably, a shape memory alloy connecting section is installed on the top of the crank connecting sliding member, and a fixed ring rod is fastened to the top of the shape memory alloy connecting section. Sliding guide columns are connected to the left and right sides of the fixed ring rod. The sliding guide columns are synchronously located inside the inner groove sliding rail frame to form a sliding connection according to the sliding of the crank connecting sliding member.

[0017] Preferably, the top of the fixing ring rod and the bottom of the connecting piece form a tight connection, and a track synchronous sliding connecting rod block is installed on the back side of the connecting end of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod. The track synchronous sliding connecting rod block forms signal data feedback through a position sensor and an external PLC controller.

[0018] Preferably, the side end of the track synchronous sliding connecting rod block is slidably connected to a synchronous annular track groove frame, and the back side of the synchronous annular track groove frame is fastened to the outer surface of the driving box through a reinforcing rod.

[0019] Preferably, the driving and regulating component includes:

[0020] An output key shaft column, a regulating pulley structure, a frequency conversion controller, a first electromagnetic blocker and an outer gear ring column. The side end of the output key shaft column and the output end of the pulley structure form a connection arrangement. The regulating pulley structure is sleeved and installed on the outside of the output key shaft column, and is controlled and adjusted by the frequency conversion controller to control and adjust the speed of the operation of the outer gear ring column.

[0021] Preferably, the side end of the outer gear ring column is meshedly connected with an outer gear ring, a planetary gear adjustment group is installed inside the outer gear ring, an internally meshed gear is connected to the planetary gear adjustment group, a crankshaft connecting gear part is installed on the side end of the internally rotating gear, and a second electromagnetic blocker is installed on the side end of the crankshaft connecting gear part.

[0022] Preferably, the output end of the sun gear inside the planetary gear adjustment group is respectively connected to the first speed gear and the second speed gear through a synchronous shaft, the side ends of the first speed gear and the second speed gear are meshingly connected with a regulating gear, and the side end of the regulating gear is installed with a driving reinforcement pinion, and the regulating gear and the driving reinforcement pinion are both located outside the output key shaft column and form contact with the side wall of the regulating pulley structure.

[0023] Preferably, the top of the bearing chassis frame is fastened to a body frame, a walking beam is installed on the top of the body frame, a donkey head is installed on the side end of the walking beam, and the inside of the donkey head is slidably connected to the oil pumping line pressure connector.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. In the present invention, the crank connecting rod regulating assembly cooperates with the operation status of the whole according to the dynamic changes of the oil well in real time, so that the working state of the oil pump is always matched with the liquid supply capacity of the oil well, and can quickly adapt to the changes in the liquid supply capacity of the oil well, greatly improving the response speed and adjustment accuracy of the oil pump, which is 20% higher than that of the traditional oil pump, effectively improving the exploitation efficiency of the oil field, and through the flexible combination and separation control of the electromagnetic clutch, when the load fluctuates greatly, such as the sudden change of the load of the oil pump caused by high-viscosity crude oil or oil wells containing more sand, the torque and state of power transmission can be quickly adjusted to avoid excessive impact directly acting on the entire connecting rod structure, and the synergistic effect of the hot and cold controller and the shape memory alloy connecting joint is utilized. When the load changes, the shape and mechanical properties of the shape memory alloy connecting joint are adjusted by changing the internal temperature of the inner groove sliding rail frame, so that when encountering a large impact, the temperature is quickly adjusted to cause the shape memory alloy connecting joint to deform appropriately, thereby increasing the buffering effect, effectively reducing the rigid collision between mechanical parts, and reducing wear.

[0026] 2. In the present invention, with the cooperation of the driving and regulating components, when the output of a certain oil well increases by 20%, the frequency conversion controller can respond in time and increase the output frequency by 30%, so that the rotation speed of the regulating pulley structure is increased accordingly, thereby quickly increasing the strokes of the pumping unit to meet the production needs of the oil well. At the same time, the output end of the sun gear inside the planetary gear adjustment group interacts with the regulating gear through the first speed gear and the second speed gear connected by the synchronous shaft. As the rotation speed of the regulating pulley structure changes, the driving strengthening pinion assists the regulating gear to further adjust the stability and efficiency of power transmission, ensuring that the power can be transmitted smoothly and efficiently in the process of increasing the strokes. To the crank-connecting rod regulating component, when the oil well production decreases or the pressure increases, the external PLC controller sends a stroke reduction instruction to the drive regulating component, the frequency converter reduces the output frequency, and the speed of the regulating pulley structure slows down, so that the speed and torque of the entire transmission are reduced accordingly, reducing the power transmitted to the crank-connecting rod regulating component, and reducing the stroke of the oil pump. When the speed drops sharply, the first electromagnetic blocker is activated to block the power transmission of the outer gear ring column, the outer gear ring and the subsequent planetary gear adjustment group to prevent mechanical shock caused by inertia, ensure the overall operation can be carried out safely, improve oil production efficiency, equipment reliability and service life, and reduce operation and maintenance costs.

[0027] 3. In the present invention, with the cooperation of the crank-connecting rod control component and the drive control component, a closed-loop feedback control circuit is formed as a whole. The operating status data of the oil pump is collected in real time through the sensor integration group, and quickly fed back to the external PLC controller, thereby realizing real-time monitoring and dynamic optimization of the oil pump operation process, being able to quickly respond to changes in the working conditions of the oil well, timely adjust the stroke frequency and power transmission, and continuously self-correct and improve the adjustment strategy according to the actual operating conditions, ensuring that the oil pump is always kept in the best working state, significantly improving the adaptability and reliability of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an oil pumping unit capable of automatically adjusting the stroke frequency according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a side view of an oil pumping unit capable of automatically adjusting the stroke frequency according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the installation position structure of a crank-connecting rod regulating assembly in an oil pumping unit capable of automatically adjusting the stroke frequency according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position structure of a driving and regulating component in an oil pumping unit capable of automatically adjusting the stroke frequency according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5It is a structural schematic diagram of a crank-connecting rod regulating assembly in an oil pumping unit capable of automatically adjusting the stroke frequency according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 The invention relates to an oil pumping unit for automatically adjusting the stroke frequency. Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A;

[0034] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a driving and regulating component in an oil pumping unit capable of automatically adjusting the stroke frequency according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 The present invention is a partial structural schematic diagram of a driving and regulating component in an oil pumping unit capable of automatically adjusting the stroke frequency.

[0036] In the figure: 1, body frame; 2, walking beam; 3, donkey head; 4, oil pumping line pressure connector; 5, crank connecting rod control assembly; 51, vertical side frame; 52, inner groove sliding rail frame; 53, electromagnetic clutch; 54, first connecting rod; 55, second connecting rod; 56, synchronous annular rail groove frame; 57, track synchronous sliding connecting rod block; 58, crank connecting sliding member; 59, hot and cold controller; 590, shape memory alloy connecting section; 591, fixed ring rod; 592, sliding guide column; 593, sliding annular electromagnetic guide rail; 594, adding Thermal contact element; 6. Drive housing; 7. Sensor integration group; 8. Connector; 9. Drive control component; 91. Output key shaft column; 92. Control pulley structure; 93. Frequency converter; 94. First electromagnetic blocker; 95. External gear ring column; 96. External gear ring; 97. Planetary gear adjustment group; 98. Internal gear; 99. Crankshaft connecting gear member; 990. Second electromagnetic blocker; 991. First speed gear; 992. Second speed gear; 993. Control gear; 994. Drive reinforcement pinion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the implementation regulations described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 8 As shown: an oil pumping unit with automatic stroke adjustment, a crank connecting rod regulating assembly 5, a connecting piece 8, a driving box 6, a driving regulating assembly 9, a sensor integrated group 7 and an oil pumping line pressure connecting piece 4, including:

[0039] The crank-connecting rod regulating assembly 5 is installed at the bottom of the connecting member 8 and is used to automatically adjust its own movement rhythm and strength according to the changes in the production and pressure parameters of the oil well;

[0040] The crank-connecting rod regulating assembly 5 is connected to the driving box 6 through a connecting piece 8. The crank-connecting rod regulating assembly 5 includes a vertical edge frame 51, an electromagnetic clutch 53, an inner groove sliding rail frame 52, a first connecting rod 54 and a second connecting rod 55. The driving box 6 is installed inside the frame of the vertical edge frame 51. The electromagnetic clutch 53 is rotatably connected to the first connecting rod 54. The top end of the second connecting rod 55 is slidably connected to the inner groove sliding rail frame 52 through a crank connecting sliding piece 58.

[0041] The drive control component 9 is installed inside the drive housing 6 and is used to receive instructions from an external PLC controller and accurately adjust the speed and torque of the pulley structure installed on the side of the drive housing 6 according to the real-time production and pressure parameter changes of the oil well;

[0042] The driving and regulating assembly 9 includes an output key shaft column 91, a regulating pulley structure 92, a frequency conversion controller 93 and a first electromagnetic blocker 94. The output key shaft column 91 is connected to the pulley structure in the driving housing 6, and the frequency conversion controller 93 is electrically connected to the regulating pulley structure 92 to adjust the rotation speed.

[0043] The sensor integration group 7 is installed at the bottom of the pumping line pressure connector 4, and is used to monitor the displacement, speed and oil well pressure of the pumping line pressure connector 4, and is connected to the external PLC controller signal. The external PLC controller controls the frequency conversion controller 93 and the electromagnetic clutch 53 according to the feedback signal of the sensor integration group 7 to adjust the stroke of the crank connecting rod control component 5. The driving control component 9 adjusts the output frequency in steps of 0.1 Hz through the frequency conversion controller 93 according to the feedback signal of the sensor integration group 7, thereby realizing step-by-step adjustment of the rotation speed.

[0044] The top of the supporting chassis frame is fastened to the body frame 1, the top of the body frame 1 is installed with a walking beam 2, the side end of the walking beam 2 is installed with a donkey head 3, the inside of the donkey head 3 is slidably connected with an oil pumping line pressure connector 4, and the bottom of the oil pumping line pressure connector 4 and the sensor integration group 7 are installed.

[0045] As a whole, under the coordinated operation of the crank-connecting rod regulating component 5 and the driving regulating component 9, the driving regulating component 9 accurately adjusts the rotation speed and torque of the pulley structure according to the working condition information of the oil well (such as production, pressure and other parameters). When the pumping speed needs to be changed, for example, the oil well production increases, the driving regulating component 9 increases the pulley rotation speed and increases the power output. The power is transmitted to the crank-connecting rod regulating component 5 through the output key shaft column 91 and other components, so that the first connecting rod 54 and the second connecting rod 55 move according to the corresponding rhythm and strength. The swing of the first connecting rod 54 and the second connecting rod 55 drives the crank connecting sliding member 58 to slide in the inner groove sliding rail frame 52, and then transmits the motion to the connecting member 8 through the fixed ring rod 591. The movement of the connecting member 8 drives the walking beam 2 on the top of the body frame 1 to swing back and forth up and down. The swing of the walking beam 2 is converted into reciprocating motion in the vertical direction through the donkey head 3 at its side end. The reciprocating motion of the donkey head 3 allows the pumping line pressure connecting member 4 in the groove to follow the up and down movement, forming a smooth and efficient pumping operation.

[0046] Embodiment 1: In the present invention, according to Figure 1 - Figure 6 As shown, the crank-connecting rod regulating assembly 5 includes:

[0047] The vertical side frame 51, the electromagnetic clutch 53, the inner groove sliding rail frame 52 and the first connecting rod 54, the bottom of the vertical side frame 51 is fastened with the supporting chassis frame, the side end of the vertical side frame 51 is fastened with the side surface of the inner groove sliding rail frame 52, the side end of the electromagnetic clutch 53 and the center position of the side end of the first connecting rod 54 form a rotational connection, the other side end of the first connecting rod 54 and the side end of the second connecting rod 55 are rotationally connected, the length of the second connecting rod 55 is greater than that of the first connecting rod 54, and the top end of the second connecting rod 55 is connected to a crank connecting sliding member 58, and the crank connecting sliding member 58 is located inside the inner groove sliding rail frame 52 to form a sliding connection.

[0048] A hot and cold controller 59 is symmetrically installed in the left and right side walls of the inner groove sliding rail frame 52. The side end of the hot and cold controller 59 is electrically connected to a control feedback circuit frame. The side end of the control feedback circuit frame is electrically connected to a sliding annular electromagnetic guide rail 593. The sliding annular electromagnetic guide rail 593 is located inside the inner groove sliding rail frame 52 to form a sliding connection. The interior of the sliding annular electromagnetic guide rail 593 is respectively slidably connected with a heating contact element 594 and a cooling contact element. The heating contact element 594 and the cooling contact element extend to the inside of the inner groove sliding rail frame 52.

[0049] A shape memory alloy connecting section 590 is installed on the top of the crank connecting sliding member 58, and a fixed ring rod 591 is fastened to the top of the shape memory alloy connecting section 590. Sliding guide columns 592 are connected to the left and right sides of the fixed ring rod 591. The sliding guide columns 592 are synchronously located inside the inner groove sliding rail frame 52 to form a sliding connection according to the sliding of the crank connecting sliding member 58.

[0050] The top of the fixing ring rod 591 and the bottom of the connecting piece 8 form a tight connection, and a track synchronous sliding connecting rod block 57 is installed on the back side of the connecting end of the first connecting rod 54 and the second connecting rod 55. The track synchronous sliding connecting rod block 57 forms signal data feedback through the position sensor and the external PLC controller.

[0051] The side end of the track synchronous sliding connecting rod block 57 is slidably connected with a synchronous annular track groove frame 56, and the back side of the synchronous annular track groove frame 56 is fastened to the outer surface of the driving box body 6 through a reinforcing rod.

[0052] In a specific solution, first, the variable frequency motor on the side of the drive box 6 is started to drive the pulley in the drive box 6 to rotate, and the power is transmitted to the drive control component 9 through the output key shaft column 91. The drive control component 9 sets a moderate pulley speed according to the initial instruction of the external PLC controller, so that the power is smoothly transmitted to the crank connecting rod control component 5. At this time, the electromagnetic clutch 53 is in a coupled state to ensure that the power can be smoothly transmitted to the first connecting rod 54. Then, during the oil pumping process, the sensor integration group 7 (the sensor integration group 7 is composed of a displacement sensor, an angle sensor, an acceleration sensor, a liquid production metering monitoring sensor and an inertial monitoring unit) continuously monitors the production, pressure, displacement and speed of the oil well. The sensor integrates the data of the oil well into the control unit 9, and transmits these data to the external PLC controller in real time. The external PLC controller analyzes and processes these data according to the preset algorithm. When the oil well production increases or the pressure decreases, the sensor integration group 7 feeds back the monitored data to the external PLC controller, so that the external PLC controller analyzes and judges, and sends a stroke increase instruction to the drive control component 9 as needed, so that the frequency conversion controller 93 increases the output frequency synchronously according to the demand, so that the speed of the control pulley structure 92 is accelerated, thereby increasing the power transmitted to the crank-connecting rod control component 5. At the same time, the external PLC controller sends a signal to the electromagnetic clutch 53 to adjust its degree of engagement so that it transmits greater torque. In the crank-connecting rod control component 5, as the power The first connecting rod 54 and the second connecting rod 55 are enhanced, and the movement speed of the first connecting rod 54 and the second connecting rod 55 is accelerated, which drives the crank connecting sliding member 58 to slide faster in the inner groove sliding rail frame 52, thereby driving the shape memory alloy connecting section 590, the fixed ring rod 591 and the connecting member 8 to form a synchronous and fast transmission operation, wherein the position sensor on the track synchronous sliding connecting rod block 57 continuously monitors the connection end position of the first connecting rod 54 and the second connecting rod 55, and feeds back the data to the external PLC controller, so that when the first connecting rod 54 and the second connecting rod 55 are in operation, their operation is assisted by the synchronous annular rail groove frame 56 to ensure the stability of the transmission, and at the same time, the hot and cold controller 59 is started (for example, the temperature control range of the hot and cold controller 59 is set to -2 The temperature of the inner groove sliding rail frame 52 is between 0°C and 80°C, with an accuracy of ±2°C, which is used to ensure that the temperature inside the inner groove sliding rail frame 52 can be accurately controlled under different oil well conditions, thereby effectively adjusting the performance of the shape memory alloy connecting joint 590), and the sliding annular electromagnetic guide rail 593 is started at the same time, driving the control feedback circuit frame, the heating contact element 594 and the cooling contact element to form an annular track contact operation on the outer circumference of the shape memory alloy connecting joint 590, and can fine-tune the temperature inside the inner groove sliding rail frame 52 according to needs, and heat or cool it to cause the shape memory alloy connecting joint 590 to undergo a slight elongation or shortening deformation, thereby changing the effective length of the connecting rod, affecting the rotational motion of the crank and the stroke and frequency of the sucker rod.And synchronously drive the movement characteristics of the fixed ring rod 591, the crank connecting sliding member 58 and the connecting member 8 to ensure the stability and efficiency of the entire movement process. When the oil well production decreases or the pressure increases, the external PLC controller receives the data information fed back by the sensor integration group 7, and takes the opposite operation accordingly, so as to reduce the pulley speed of the drive control component 9, reduce the power transmission, and adjust the engagement state of the electromagnetic clutch 53 and the temperature of the hot and cold controller 59, so that the movement rhythm of the crank-connecting rod control component 5 becomes slower and the force is reduced, thereby reducing the stroke frequency of the oil pump. When the movement trajectory of the first connecting rod 54 and the second connecting rod 55 is detected to be deviant, the external PLC controller will adjust the parameters of the drive control component 9 and the crank-connecting rod control component 5 in time to ensure the coordinated work of the entire device, and adjust the operation status in real time according to the dynamic changes of the oil well, so that the working state of the oil pump is always matched with the liquid supply capacity of the oil well. The electromagnetic clutch 53 is flexible in combination and separation control, and can quickly adjust the torque and state of power transmission when the load fluctuates greatly, such as when the load of the pumping unit suddenly changes due to high-viscosity crude oil or oil wells with a lot of sand, to avoid excessive impact directly acting on the entire connecting rod structure. The cold and hot controller 59 and the shape memory alloy connecting joint 590 are used to adjust the shape and mechanical properties of the shape memory alloy connecting joint 590 by changing the internal temperature of the inner groove sliding rail frame 52 when the load changes, so that when encountering a large impact, the temperature is quickly adjusted to cause the shape memory alloy connecting joint 590 to deform appropriately, thereby increasing the buffering effect, effectively reducing the rigid collision between mechanical parts, and reducing wear.

[0053] Embodiment 2: In the present invention, according to Figure 4 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the driving and regulating component 9 includes:

[0054] The output key shaft column 91, the regulating pulley structure 92, the frequency conversion controller 93, the first electromagnetic blocker 94 and the outer gear ring column 95, the side end of the output key shaft column 91 and the output end of the pulley structure form a connection arrangement, the regulating pulley structure 92 is sleeved and installed on the outside of the output key shaft column 91, and is controlled and adjusted by the frequency conversion controller 93, so that the speed of the operation of the outer gear ring column 95 is controlled and adjusted.

[0055] The side end of the outer gear ring column 95 is meshedly connected with an outer gear ring 96, and a planetary gear adjustment group 97 is installed inside the outer gear ring 96. The planetary gear adjustment group 97 is meshedly connected with an inner rotating gear 98 inside. A crankshaft connecting gear part 99 is installed on the side end of the inner rotating gear 98, and a second electromagnetic blocker 990 is installed on the side end of the crankshaft connecting gear part 99.

[0056] The output end of the sun gear inside the planetary gear adjustment group 97 is respectively connected to the first speed gear 991 and the second speed gear 992 through a synchronous shaft. The side ends of the first speed gear 991 and the second speed gear 992 are meshed and connected with a regulating gear 993. The side end of the regulating gear 993 is installed with a driving reinforcement pinion 994. The regulating gear 993 and the driving reinforcement pinion 994 are both located outside the output key shaft column 91 and form contact with the side wall of the regulating pulley structure 92.

[0057] In a specific solution, when the above operation is performed and the drive box 6 is used to start transmitting power to the drive control component 9 through the output key shaft column 91, the frequency conversion controller 93 outputs a moderate frequency according to the initial setting of the external PLC controller, so that the control pulley structure 92 rotates at a corresponding speed, and the first electromagnetic blocker 94 is in an open state to ensure normal power transmission. The outer gear ring column 95 rotates synchronously with the control pulley structure 92, and drives the outer gear ring 96 meshing with it and the subsequent planetary gear adjustment group 97 to start running, and the gears inside the planetary gear adjustment group 97 rotate according to the preset transmission ratio in the initial state, transmitting power to the crankshaft connection. The gear member 99 is connected to the crank-connecting rod control component 5, and then the crank-connecting rod control component 5 is driven to start working. During this process, the second electromagnetic blocker 990 is in a normally closed state to ensure the stability of power transmission. Later, during the oil pumping process, the sensor integration group 7 continuously monitors various parameters of the oil well and transmits the data to the external PLC controller. When the oil well production increases or the pressure decreases, the PLC controller analyzes the data and sends an increase stroke command to the drive control component 9. After receiving the command, the frequency conversion controller 93 increases the output frequency to increase the speed of the control pulley structure 92. The increase in speed is further increased through the transmission effect of the outer gear ring column 95 and the planetary gear adjustment group 97, which transmits the speed transmitted to the crankshaft connecting gear member 99 and torque, so that when the output of a certain oil well increases by 20%, the frequency conversion controller 93 can respond in time and increase the output frequency by 30%, so that the speed of the regulating pulley structure 92 is increased accordingly, thereby quickly increasing the strokes of the pumping unit to meet the production needs of the oil well. At the same time, the output end of the sun gear inside the planetary gear adjustment group 97 interacts with the regulating gear 993 through the first speed gear 991 and the second speed gear 992 connected by the synchronous shaft. With the change of the speed of the regulating pulley structure 92, the driving reinforcement pinion 994 assists the regulating gear 993 to further adjust the stability and efficiency of power transmission, ensuring that in the process of increasing the strokes, the power can be smoothly and efficiently transmitted to the crank Connecting rod regulating component 5, and when the oil well production decreases or the pressure increases, the external PLC controller sends a stroke reduction instruction to the driving regulating component 9, the frequency conversion controller 93 reduces the output frequency, and the speed of the regulating pulley structure 92 is slowed down, so that the speed and torque of the entire transmission are reduced accordingly, reducing the power transmitted to the crank-connecting rod regulating component 5, so that the stroke of the oil pump is reduced, and when the speed drops sharply, the first electromagnetic blocker 94 is started to block the power transmission of the outer gear ring column 95, the outer gear ring 96 and the subsequent planetary gear adjustment group 97, to prevent mechanical shock caused by inertia, ensure the overall operation can be carried out safely, improve oil production efficiency, equipment reliability and service life, and reduce operation and maintenance costs.

[0058] The wiring diagram of the electromagnetic clutch 53, the hot and cold controller 59, the sensor integrated group 7, the frequency conversion controller 93, the first electromagnetic blocker 94, the second electromagnetic blocker 990 and the position sensor in the present invention is common knowledge in the field, and its working principle is a well-known technology. The model is selected according to the actual use. Therefore, the control method and wiring arrangement of the electromagnetic clutch 53, the hot and cold controller 59, the sensor integrated group 7, the frequency conversion controller 93, the first electromagnetic blocker 94, the second electromagnetic blocker 990 and the position sensor are no longer explained in detail.

[0059] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An oil pumping unit with automatic stroke adjustment, characterized in that: Included are: A crank-connecting rod regulating assembly (5), a connecting piece (8), a drive housing (6), a drive regulating assembly (9), a sensor integration group (7) and an oil pumping line pressure connecting piece (4); the crank-connecting rod regulating assembly (5) is mounted on the bottom of the connecting piece (8), the drive regulating assembly (9) is arranged inside the drive housing (6), the drive regulating assembly (9) is mounted on the bottom side of the crank-connecting rod regulating assembly (5), and when the drive regulating assembly (9) is used for output, it drives the crank-connecting rod regulating assembly (5) to operate; The connecting member (8) is connected to the driving housing (6) via a crank-connecting rod regulating assembly (5); The crank-connecting rod regulating assembly (5) comprises a vertical edge frame (51), an electromagnetic clutch (53), an inner groove sliding rail frame (52), a first connecting rod (54) and a second connecting rod (55); the driving box (6) is installed inside the frame of the vertical edge frame (51); the electromagnetic clutch (53) is rotatably connected to the first connecting rod (54); and the top end of the second connecting rod (55) is slidably connected to the inner groove sliding rail frame (52) via a crank connecting sliding member (58); The drive control component (9) is installed inside the drive housing (6) and is used to receive instructions from an external PLC controller; The drive control component (9) comprises an output key shaft column (91), a control pulley structure (92), a frequency conversion controller (93) and a first electromagnetic blocker (94); the output key shaft column (91) is connected to the pulley structure in the drive housing (6); the frequency conversion controller (93) is electrically connected to the control pulley structure (92) to adjust the rotation speed; The sensor integration group (7) is installed at the bottom of the oil pumping line pressure connector (4) and is connected to the external PLC controller signal; The external PLC controller receives the data information fed back by the sensor integration group (7), and takes the opposite operation accordingly, so as to reduce the pulley speed of the drive control component (9), reduce the power transmission, and adjust the state of the crank connecting rod control component (5).

2. The oil pumping unit with automatic stroke adjustment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom of the vertical side frame (51) is fastened to a supporting chassis frame, the side end of the vertical side frame (51) is fastened to the side surface of the inner groove sliding rail frame (52), the side end of the electromagnetic clutch (53) is rotatably connected to the center position of the side end of the first connecting rod (54), the other side end of the first connecting rod (54) is rotatably connected to the side end of the second connecting rod (55), the length of the second connecting rod (55) is greater than that of the first connecting rod (54), and the top end of the second connecting rod (55) is connected to a crank connection sliding member (58), and the crank connection sliding member (58) is located inside the inner groove sliding rail frame (52) to form a sliding connection.

3. The oil pumping unit with automatic stroke adjustment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A hot and cold controller (59) is symmetrically installed in the left and right side walls of the inner groove sliding rail frame (52), and the side end of the hot and cold controller (59) is electrically connected to a control feedback circuit frame, and the side end of the control feedback circuit frame is electrically connected to a sliding annular electromagnetic guide rail (593), and the sliding annular electromagnetic guide rail (593) is located inside the inner groove sliding rail frame (52) to form a sliding connection, and the inside of the sliding annular electromagnetic guide rail (593) is respectively slidably connected with a heating contact element (594) and a cooling contact element, and the heating contact element (594) and the cooling contact element extend into the inner groove sliding rail frame (52).

4. The oil pumping unit with automatic stroke adjustment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A shape memory alloy connection section (590) is installed on the top of the crank connection sliding member (58), and a fixed ring rod (591) is fastened to the top of the shape memory alloy connection section (590). The left and right sides of the fixed ring rod (591) are connected to sliding guide columns (592). The sliding guide columns (592) are synchronously located inside the inner groove sliding rail frame (52) to form a sliding connection according to the sliding of the crank connection sliding member (58) to form a sliding connection.

5. The oil pumping unit with automatic stroke adjustment according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The top of the fixing ring rod (591) and the bottom of the connecting piece (8) are tightly connected, and a track synchronous sliding connecting rod block (57) is installed on the back side of the connecting end of the first connecting rod (54) and the second connecting rod (55). The track synchronous sliding connecting rod block (57) generates signal data feedback through a position sensor and an external PLC controller.

6. The oil pumping unit with automatic stroke adjustment according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The side end of the track synchronous sliding connection rod block (57) is slidably connected to a synchronous annular track groove frame (56), and the back side of the synchronous annular track groove frame (56) is fastened to the outer surface of the driving box (6) via a reinforcing rod.

7. The oil pumping unit with automatic stroke adjustment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: One side of the outer wall of the first electromagnetic blocker (94) is fixedly connected to an outer gear ring column (95), and the regulating pulley structure (92) is sleeved and installed on the outside of the output key shaft column (91), and is controlled and regulated by the frequency conversion controller (93), so that the speed of the operation of the outer gear ring column (95) is controlled and regulated.

8. The oil pumping unit with automatic stroke adjustment according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The side end of the outer gear ring column (95) is meshedly connected with an outer gear ring (96), a planetary gear adjustment group (97) is installed inside the outer gear ring (96), an inner rotating gear (98) is meshedly connected inside the planetary gear adjustment group (97), a crankshaft connecting gear member (99) is installed on the side end of the inner rotating gear (98), and a second electromagnetic blocker (990) is installed on the side end of the crankshaft connecting gear member (99).

9. The oil pumping unit with automatic stroke adjustment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The output end of the sun gear inside the planetary gear adjustment group (97) is respectively connected to a first speed gear (991) and a second speed gear (992) via a synchronous shaft; the side ends of the first speed gear (991) and the second speed gear (992) are meshingly connected with a regulating gear (993); the side ends of the regulating gear (993) are mounted with a driving reinforcement pinion (994); the regulating gear (993) and the driving reinforcement pinion (994) are both located outside the output key shaft column (91) and in contact with the side wall of the regulating pulley structure (92).

10. The oil pumping unit with automatic stroke adjustment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the bearing chassis frame is fastened to a body frame (1), a walking beam (2) is installed on the top of the body frame (1), a donkey head (3) is installed on the side end of the walking beam (2), and the inside of the groove of the donkey head (3) is slidably connected to the oil pumping line pressure connector (4).

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