Self-exhaust shock absorber and application thereof in vehicle

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of shock absorber equipment, and particularly relates to a self-exhaust shock absorber and application thereof in a vehicle, the self-exhaust shock absorber comprises a working cylinder and an oil storage cylinder arranged on the periphery of the working cylinder in a sleeving mode, the lower end of the working cylinder is fixedly connected with a bottom valve assembly, the upper end of the working cylinder is fixedly connected with a guide sealing assembly, and the guide sealing assembly comprises a guide seat; the upper end of the guide seat is connected with an O-shaped gasket, the upper end of the O-shaped gasket is connected with a top cover, the piston rod is arranged on the guide seat, the top cover and the oil storage cylinder in a penetrating mode, the periphery of the oil storage cylinder is sleeved with a sliding sleeve, the sliding sleeve is coaxially and fixedly connected with the piston rod, the interior of the working cylinder is coaxially and slidably connected with a piston valve, and the piston valve is coaxially and fixedly connected with the piston rod. The valve seat is connected with a compression valve and a compensation valve, the compression valve and the compensation valve adopt an independent distribution mode, the oil storage cylinder is internally connected with an air bag system, and the air bag system is soaked in oil in the oil storage cylinder; and the practicability is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shock absorber equipment, in particular to a self-exhaust shock absorber and application thereof in a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Rail transit hydraulic shock absorbers are key components of rail vehicle running gear. The quality of their working performance directly affects the riding comfort and operation safety of rail vehicles. In recent years, with the rapid development of my country's rail vehicle technology, the speed of rail vehicles has been continuously increasing, and the technical requirements for shock absorbers are also getting higher and higher, especially anti-snaking shock absorbers. Tests have shown that when the vehicle speed exceeds 160KM / h, the vehicle itself will produce snaking motion, and the snaking motion will increase sharply with the increase in speed. If this harmful vibration is not suppressed, it will endanger driving safety.

[0003] Patent application number CN202410962624.5 discloses a hydraulic combined shock absorber for automobiles. Through the provision of an air guide frame, an air inlet, an air inlet frame, an exhaust fan, an air filter sponge sheet and an isolation net, when in use, a high-speed airflow is generated by the exhaust fan and blown outward from the inside of the mud guard sleeve, which can ensure active cleaning of the mud and sand between the sponge block and the mud guard brush, and at the same time form an outward wind pressure zone to effectively prevent mud and sand from entering the mud guard sleeve. Through the provision of a threaded shaft, a lifting push cylinder, a guide groove, a guide frame, a bottom seal block, a shaft sealing ring, a cover plate, a lower hanging ear, a damping adjustment motor, a damping adjustment handwheel, a scale bar, a mounting ring, a positioning slide block, a positioning spring and a positioning clamping wheel, the damping inside the damper can be adjusted by driving the damping adjustment motor or manually controlling the damping adjustment handwheel auxiliary device outside the outer cylinder. By setting the movable sliding cylinder, the movable insert cylinder, the second flow suppression hole and the second adjustment sealing ring, and by adjusting the relative positions between the multiple damping adjustment driven mechanisms, the opening degree of the second flow suppression hole and the first flow suppression hole can be effectively controlled, thereby achieving precise control of the damping fluid flow rate, thereby achieving adjustment of the damping size.

[0004] The Chinese patent application number CN202410523220.6 discloses a single-cycle hydraulic oil circuit anti-snaking shock absorber, which is provided with a compression valve at the bottom of the oil storage cylinder, an adjusting valve seat and a guide at the other side of the oil storage cylinder, and then a working cylinder is provided in the oil storage cylinder. The working cylinder is fixed between the compression valve and the adjusting valve seat. The space between the working cylinder and the oil storage cylinder is a low-pressure oil storage area. A reciprocating motion component is provided in the working cylinder. One end of the reciprocating motion component extends into the middle position of the working cylinder through the guide and the adjusting valve seat, and is in sealing and sliding cooperation with the inner wall of the working cylinder. In the working cylinder, A compression chamber is formed between the reciprocating component and the regulating valve seat, a stretching chamber is formed between the reciprocating component and the compression valve, and a damping adjustment component is arranged on the regulating valve seat. With the cooperation of the reciprocating component, the damping adjustment component and the compression valve, the oil in the two chambers of the stretching chamber and the stretching chamber both adjust the damping characteristics of the shock absorber through the damping adjustment component. After realizing its damping adjustment function, it flows through the low-pressure oil storage area and enters the bottom of the compression valve through the area to form an oil circulation process, thereby avoiding the oil flow damping loss along the oil guide pipe structure. Therefore, the speed changes rapidly, the sensitivity is high, and the damping symmetry is good. However, there are still the following problems in practical applications, specifically: 1. The internal design of traditional anti-snaking shock absorbers has many influences on dynamic characteristics, especially due to the material characteristics of the airbag inside the shock absorber, and the emulsification of gas and oil generated during the operation of the shock absorber, which will have a serious impact on the dynamic characteristics; 2. In the normal working cycle of the shock absorber and in the process of assembling the shock absorber, it is inevitable that there is no air inside the working cylinder and the oil storage cylinder. The air in the oil will enter the working cylinder during the working process of the shock absorber. The process of bubbles in the cylinder will affect the damping characteristics of the shock absorber and even cause air explosion problems; 3. When the gas in the working cylinder is discharged into the oil storage cylinder, the gas is always in contact with the oil. During the operation of the shock absorber, the gas will inevitably flow into the working cylinder, and even flow back to the working cylinder, and the gas and oil cannot be effectively separated.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a self-exhaust shock absorber and application thereof in a vehicle to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a self-exhaust shock absorber and its application in a vehicle, which effectively solves the problem of timely exhausting the gas in the working cylinder, avoiding the formation of bubbles in the working cylinder, and collecting the gas in the oil storage cylinder to achieve the separation of gas and oil.

[0007] The present invention comprises a working cylinder and an oil storage cylinder sleeved on the periphery of the working cylinder, the lower end of the working cylinder is fixedly connected with a bottom valve assembly, the upper end of the working cylinder is fixedly connected with a guide seal assembly, the guide seal assembly comprises a guide seat, the upper end of the guide seat is connected with an O-ring, the upper end of the O-ring is connected with a top cover, the piston rod is passed through the guide seat, the top cover and the oil storage cylinder, the outer periphery of the oil storage cylinder is sleeved with a sliding sleeve, the sliding sleeve and the piston rod are coaxially fixedly connected, the working cylinder is coaxially slidably connected with a piston valve, the piston valve and the piston rod are coaxially fixedly connected; The bottom valve assembly includes a valve seat, and the valve seat is connected with a compression valve and a compensation valve, and the compression valve and the compensation valve are in an independent distribution mode; The oil storage cylinder is connected with an air bag system, and the air bag system is immersed in the oil in the oil storage cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, the inner surface of the guide seat that cooperates with the working cylinder is provided with a venting groove, an exhaust valve is connected inside the venting groove, a countersunk screw is fixedly connected inside the venting groove, the exhaust valve is fixed by the countersunk screw, and a through hole is provided on the countersunk screw, so that the oil can reach the exhaust valve through the through hole; An exhaust passage is provided in the guide seat, and the exhaust passage is connected to the air-permeable groove. An oil return passage is provided on the guide seat, and one end of the oil return passage is connected to the exhaust passage, and the other end of the oil return passage is connected to the liquid storage cylinder. The oil return passage is arranged to be inclined downward.

[0009] Preferably, the compensating valve includes a valve hole opened in the valve seat, a compensating valve limiter slidably connected up and down inside the valve hole, a compensating valve spring coaxially arranged inside the valve hole, a compensating valve nut connected inside the valve hole, the compensating valve nut and the compensating valve limiter are threadedly connected, the lower end of the compensating valve spring is in contact with the compensating valve nut, the upper end of the compensating valve spring is connected to a spring base, and the spring base is fixedly connected to the valve hole.

[0010] Preferably, the upper end of the valve hole is stepped, a partition mesh is coaxially arranged inside the valve hole, and the partition mesh is fixed inside the valve hole through the spring base.

[0011] Preferably, the airbag system comprises an aluminum foil layer, a nylon layer and a polypropylene layer, wherein the aluminum foil layer is the outermost layer, the nylon layer is the middle layer and the polypropylene layer is the inner layer, and has ultra-high barrier properties while improving temperature resistance.

[0012] Preferably, the ventilation groove is provided with a step, and the exhaust valve cooperates with the step through a conical surface to achieve line contact between the exhaust valve and the ventilation groove, and the exhaust valve is made of powder metallurgy.

[0013] Preferably, the upper end of the guide seat is coaxially connected to a valve seat cover, the upper end of the valve seat cover is provided with an upper step groove, the lower end of the valve seat cover is provided with a lower step groove, the upper end of the guide seat is provided with an oil scraping groove matched with the lower step groove, and an oil scraping sleeve is arranged inside the lower step groove and the oil scraping groove, and the middle position and the lower end surface of the oil scraping sleeve are both in clearance with the piston rod to achieve scraping of the oil on the piston rod; An upper oil scraper plate is connected to the interior of the upper stepped groove, and the middle position of the upper oil scraper plate is matched with the clearance of the piston rod, and the valve seat cover is matched with the clearance of the piston rod, so that the scraped oil enters the interior of the oil scraper groove, and the oil scraper groove is connected with the oil return channel to guide the oil into the oil storage cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, an air collecting bin connected to the oil return passage is provided in the guide seat, an air collecting box is provided at the upper end of the air collecting bin, an air collecting piston is slidably connected to the air collecting box, an air collecting spring is connected between the air collecting piston and the upper end of the air collecting box, and a one-way exhaust valve is fixedly connected to the lower end of the air collecting box; An oil storage bin is provided inside the guide seat, a one-way oil valve is connected to the oil storage bin, oil enters the oil storage cylinder through the one-way oil valve, a buffer channel is connected between the oil storage bin and the air collecting box, a buffer piston is coaxially slidably connected inside the buffer channel.

[0015] The present invention improves the existing oil pressure shock absorber and has the following beneficial effects: 1. By setting up the guide seat, exhaust valve and other structures, they are cleverly implemented in the shock absorber according to the physical properties of the material. At the same time, the dividing mesh used in the bottom valve assembly will divide the larger bubbles in the oil into smaller bubbles or disappear, and then enter the working cylinder; 2. By setting the airbag system to a three-layer structure of aluminum foil layer, nylon layer and polypropylene layer, the barrier performance and temperature resistance of the airbag system are effectively improved, avoiding the problem of air leakage in the airbag system after long-term use; 3. By setting up the upper step groove, lower step groove, oil scraper groove, oil scraper sleeve, upper oil scraper plate and other structures, the oil adhering to the piston rod during the reciprocating sliding process of the piston rod can be scraped off to avoid oil leakage in the shock absorber; 4. By setting up structures such as a gas collecting bin, a gas collecting box, a gas collecting piston, a one-way exhaust valve, an oil storage bin, a one-way oil valve, a buffer channel and a buffer piston, the gas collected in the oil storage cylinder is effectively separated from the gas and liquid, and the gas is collected in time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A partial enlarged schematic diagram in the middle.

[0019] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle.

[0020] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 2 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point C in the middle.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide seal assembly of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the bottom valve assembly of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the guide seat and its connecting parts of the present invention.

[0024] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the compensation valve of the present invention.

[0025] Fig.10 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the airbag system of the present invention.

[0026] Figure numerals: 1, working cylinder; 2, oil storage cylinder; 5, guide seat; 6, O-ring; 7, top cover; 8, sliding sleeve; 9, piston valve; 10, valve seat; 11, compression valve; 13, air bag system; 14, venting groove; 15, exhaust valve; 16, countersunk screw; 17, through hole; 18, exhaust channel; 19, oil return channel; 20, valve hole; 21, compensation stopper; 22, compensation valve spring; 23, compensation valve nut; 24, spring Spring base; 25, dividing mesh; 26, aluminum foil layer; 27, nylon layer; 28, polypropylene layer; 31, upper step groove; 32, lower step groove; 33, oil scraper groove; 34, oil scraper sleeve; 35, upper oil scraper plate; 36, air collecting bin; 37, air collecting box; 38, air collecting piston; 39, air collecting spring; 40, one-way exhaust valve; 41, oil storage bin; 42, one-way oil valve; 43, buffer channel; 44, buffer piston; 45, piston rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The above and other technical contents, features and effects of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached Figures 1 to 10 The detailed description of the embodiments will clearly show that the structural contents mentioned in the following embodiments are all based on the drawings in the specification.

[0028] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] The present invention comprises a working cylinder 1 and an oil storage cylinder 2 sleeved on the periphery of the working cylinder 1, and oil is realized to flow in the working cylinder 1 and the oil storage cylinder 2. The lower end of the working cylinder 1 is fixedly connected with a bottom valve assembly, and the oil is realized to flow between the oil storage cylinder 2 and the working cylinder 1 through the bottom valve assembly, so that the oil can flow from the working cylinder 1 to the oil storage cylinder 2, and at the same time, under pressure, flow from the oil storage cylinder 2 to the working cylinder 1 to replenish the oil in the working cylinder 1. The upper end of the working cylinder 1 is fixedly connected with a guide seal assembly, and the guide seal assembly includes a guide seat 5, and the upper end of the guide seat 5 is connected with an O-ring 6, and the upper end of the O-ring 6 is connected There is a top cover 7, and the sealing between the guide seat 5 and the top cover 7 is achieved by the O-ring 6. The piston rod 45 is inserted through the guide seat 5, the top cover 7 and the oil storage cylinder 2. The outer sleeve of the oil storage cylinder 2 is provided with a sliding sleeve 8. The sliding sleeve 8 and the piston rod 45 are coaxially fixedly connected. The up and down sliding of the sliding sleeve 8 drives the piston rod 45 to slide up and down in the working cylinder 1. The working cylinder 1 is coaxially slidably connected with a piston valve 9 inside. The piston valve 9 and the piston rod 45 are coaxially fixedly connected. In the process of the piston rod 45 sliding up and down, the piston valve 9 is driven to slide up and down synchronously, and then the vibration reduction effect is achieved through the damping effect of the oil in the working cylinder 1.

[0030] The bottom valve assembly includes a valve seat 10, to which a compression valve 11 and a compensation valve are connected. The compression valve 11 and the compensation valve adopt an independent distribution mode. When the piston rod 45 slides upward, the oil enters the working cylinder 1 through the compensation valve. When the piston rod 45 slides downward, part of the oil in the lower chamber of the working cylinder 1 enters the oil storage cylinder 2 through the pressure valve. The volume of the oil passing through the pressure valve is the volume of the change in the volume of the piston rod 45 in the working cylinder 1, thereby ensuring the stability of the oil amount in the working cylinder 1.

[0031] The oil storage cylinder 2 is connected to an airbag system 13, and the airbag system 13 is immersed in the oil in the oil storage cylinder 2. The sliding of the piston rod 45 is achieved through the airbag system 13. The working cylinder 1 and the oil storage cylinder 2 are originally filled with oil. When the internal space cannot be changed, the damping effect is very poor. Therefore, in order to improve the damping effect, when the piston rod 45 slides downward, part of the oil in the working cylinder 1 enters the oil storage cylinder 2. Under the action of pressure changes, the airbag system 13 is deformed, which is suitable for changes in the volume of oil in the working cylinder 1 and the oil storage cylinder 2.

[0032] During the specific implementation of this embodiment, when the shock absorber is compressed, the piston rod 45 slides downward, and the piston rod 45 drives the piston valve 9 to slide synchronously. The sliding of the piston valve 9 causes most of the oil in the lower chamber of the working cylinder 1 to enter the upper chamber of the working cylinder 1 through the piston valve 9, and at the same time, part of the oil enters the oil storage cylinder 2 through the pressure valve. At the same time, the airbag system 13 is deformed to ensure that the oil can smoothly enter the oil storage cylinder 2. When the shock absorber is stretched, the piston rod 45 slides upward, and at the same time drives the piston valve 9 to slide upward. At this time, the oil in the upper chamber enters the lower chamber through the piston valve 9, and at the same time, the oil in the oil storage cylinder 2 enters the working cylinder 1 through the compensation valve.

[0033] During the process of assembling the shock absorber and filling the oil, gas will enter. The gas in the working cylinder 1 will affect the performance of the shock absorber and even cause air explosion. Therefore, it is particularly important to discharge the gas in the working cylinder 1 in time. Therefore, a structure for discharging the gas in the working cylinder 1 in time is provided. Specifically, the inner surface of the guide seat 5 and the working cylinder 1 is provided with a vent groove 14, and the vent groove 14 is internally connected with an exhaust valve 15. The vent groove 14 is fixedly connected with a countersunk screw 16, and the exhaust is realized by the countersunk screw 16. To fix the valve 15, a through hole 17 is provided on the countersunk screw 16, so that the oil can reach the exhaust valve 15 through the through hole 17, and the air in the oil will move upward and enter the through hole 17 with the oil. After entering the through hole 17, the gas passes through the exhaust valve 15 and enters the air-permeable groove 14. At the same time, the oil is blocked outside the exhaust valve 15. The molecular gap of the air is larger than the molecular gap of the oil. In the oil circulation, after the oil reaches the exhaust valve 15, due to its characteristics, the air can easily pass through the exhaust valve 15 while the oil is more difficult.

[0034] An exhaust channel 18 is provided in the guide seat 5, and the exhaust channel 18 is connected to the air vent groove 14, so that the exhausted gas enters the exhaust channel 18 through the air vent groove 14. An oil return channel 19 is provided on the guide seat 5, and the oil return channel 19 is connected to the exhaust channel 18 at one end close to the exhaust channel 18, and the other end of the oil return channel 19 is connected to the liquid storage cylinder. The oil return channel 19 is arranged to be inclined downward, and the gas enters the oil return channel 19 after passing through the exhaust channel 18, and then enters the oil storage cylinder 2 after passing through the oil return channel 19. The gas is retained at the upper end of the oil storage cylinder 2, and the gas is discharged from the working cylinder 1 into the oil storage cylinder 2.

[0035] The compensating valve comprises a valve hole 20 provided in the valve seat 10, a compensating valve limiter connected to slide up and down inside the valve hole 20, the opening and closing of the valve hole 20 is controlled by sliding of the compensating valve limiter, a compensating valve spring 22 is coaxially arranged inside the valve hole 20, a compensating valve nut 23 is connected inside the valve hole 20, the compensating valve nut 23 is threadedly connected to the compensating valve limiter, the compensating valve limiter and the compensating valve nut 23 slide synchronously, the lower end of the compensating valve spring 22 is in contact with the compensating valve nut 23, and the compensating valve The upper end of the compensation valve spring 22 is connected to a spring base 24, and the spring base 24 is fixedly connected to the valve hole 20. When the piston rod 45 slides upward, the piston valve 9 is driven upward. At this time, the pressure in the lower chamber of the working cylinder 1 will become low, and the oil pressure in the oil storage cylinder 2 drives the compensation valve limiter to slide upward. The compensation limiter 21 slides upward to open the valve hole 20, so that the oil in the oil storage cylinder 2 is replenished into the interior of the working cylinder 1. At the same time, the airbag system 13 changes, so that the oil in the oil storage cylinder 2 is in a filled state.

[0036] When gas is mixed in the oil in the oil storage cylinder 2, the gas will enter the working cylinder 1 along with the oil. After the gas enters the working cylinder 1, it will affect the damping characteristics of the oil in the working cylinder 1. Therefore, a gas processing structure is provided to reduce the influence of the gas on the damping characteristics of the shock absorber. The upper end of the valve hole 20 is stepped, and a dividing mesh 25 is coaxially arranged inside the valve hole 20. The dividing mesh 25 is limited by the stepped structure of the valve hole 20. The dividing mesh 25 is fixed to the inside of the valve hole 20 by the spring base 24. During the oil return process of the gas in the oil storage cylinder, the dividing mesh 25 will crush or eliminate the bubbles generated, so that bubbles that affect the characteristics of the shock absorber will not be generated in the working cylinder 1, thereby ensuring the stability of the shock absorber performance.

[0037] The emulsification of gas and oil generated during the operation of the shock absorber will have a serious impact on the dynamic characteristics and may even cause major accidents. Therefore, it is particularly important to avoid the stability of the airbag system 13 and ensure that the airbag system 13 does not leak. Therefore, an airbag system 13 of a new material is provided. Specifically, the airbag system 13 includes an aluminum foil layer 26, a nylon layer 27, and a polypropylene layer 28. The aluminum foil layer 26 is the outermost layer, the nylon layer 27 is the middle layer, and the polypropylene layer 28 is the inner layer. It has ultra-high barrier properties and can improve temperature resistance while enhancing the stability of the airbag and avoiding leakage of the airbag system 13.

[0038] The air-permeable groove 14 is provided with a step, and the exhaust valve 15 cooperates with the step through a conical surface to achieve line contact between the exhaust valve 15 and the air-permeable groove 14. The exhaust valve 15 is made of powder metallurgy. Since the material property of the exhaust valve 15 is powder metallurgy, it has a large number of small holes throughout the exhaust valve 15. Therefore, the exhaust valve 15 and the step surface of the air-permeable groove 14 cannot be sealed in a flat manner, which will cause the gap between the oil and the step surface to flow into the channel. The best solution is to use a conical surface. The contact area with the step surface is very small, and oil leakage is prevented through line sealing, ensuring that the exhaust valve 15 can only allow gas to pass through.

[0039] In the process of the piston rod 45 sliding up and down, since oil will adhere to the piston rod 45, the oil will be retained on the outside of the working cylinder 1 along with the sliding of the piston rod 45 during the reciprocating sliding process of the piston rod 45, thereby causing oil leakage. Therefore, the present embodiment provides a structure for scraping oil on the piston rod 45. Specifically, the upper end of the guide seat 5 is coaxially connected with a valve seat cover, the upper end of the valve seat cover is provided with an upper step groove 31, the lower end of the valve seat cover is provided with a lower step groove 32, the upper end of the guide seat 5 is provided with an oil scraping groove 33 that matches the lower step groove 32, and an oil scraping sleeve 34 is arranged inside the lower step groove 32 and the oil scraping groove 33. The middle position and the lower end surface of the oil scraping sleeve 34 are both clearance-matched with the piston rod 45 to scrape the oil on the piston rod 45. In the process of the reciprocating sliding of the piston rod 45, the oil scraping sleeve 34 The oil on the piston rod 45 is scraped off. Due to the structural setting of the scraper sleeve 34, the oil is retained in the guide seat 5 after being scraped off. The upper step groove 31 is connected to the upper scraper plate 35. The middle position of the upper scraper plate 35 and the piston rod 45 are clearance-matched. The valve seat cover and the piston rod 45 are clearance-matched, so that the scraped oil enters the scraper groove 33. The scraper groove 33 is connected to the oil return passage 19 to introduce the oil into the oil storage cylinder 2. In the process of the piston rod 45 sliding upward, the oil in the oil storage cylinder 2 flows into the working cylinder 1, so that the oil storage cylinder 2 is in a relatively low-pressure state, so that the oil scraped off by the scraper sleeve 34 and the upper scraper plate 35 can smoothly pass through the oil return passage 19 into the oil storage cylinder 2, thereby avoiding oil leakage of the shock absorber due to long-term use.

[0040] After the working cylinder 1 is exhausted, the gas will be collected at the top of the oil storage cylinder 2. During the operation of the shock absorber, the gas will be emulsified with the oil again and enter the working cylinder 1 more or less with the oil, affecting the performance of the entire device. Therefore, this embodiment provides a structure for collecting the exhausted gas and realizing gas-oil separation. Specifically, the guide seat 5 is provided with a gas collecting bin 36 connected to the oil return channel 19. Due to the characteristics of the gas, the gas will be collected in the gas collecting bin 3 6, an air collecting box 37 is provided at the upper end of the air collecting bin 36, an air collecting piston 38 is slidably connected to the air collecting box 37, an air collecting spring 39 is connected between the air collecting piston 38 and the upper end of the air collecting box 37, and a one-way exhaust valve 40 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the air collecting box 37, so that gas can enter the air collecting box 37 through the one-way exhaust valve 40 in one direction, and compress the air collecting piston 38 in the air collecting box 37, so that the gas is collected in the air collecting box 37.

[0041] An oil storage bin 41 is provided inside the guide seat 5, and a one-way oil valve 42 is connected to the oil storage bin 41, and the oil enters the oil storage cylinder 2 through the one-way oil valve 42. A buffer channel 43 is connected between the oil storage bin 41 and the air collecting box 37, and a buffer piston 44 is coaxially slidably connected inside the buffer channel 43. When the piston rod 45 slides upward, the pressure inside the oil storage cylinder 2 decreases. At this time, the air collecting spring 39 is reset to compress the gas. During the compression process of the collected gas, the buffer piston 44 slides to pressurize the oil in the oil storage bin 41. During the sliding process of the buffer piston 44, the oil in the liquid storage bin flows into the oil storage cylinder 2. At the same time, after the air collecting piston 38 is reset, the buffer piston 44 removes an amount of oil equal to the volume of the gas in the liquid storage bin, thereby ensuring that the amount of oil in the oil storage cylinder 2 and the working cylinder 1 is always consistent, ensuring the separation of oil and gas while also ensuring the stability of the shock absorbing performance of the shock absorber.

[0042] In order to prevent the oil inside the oil storage cylinder 2 from flowing back into the oil return passage 19 due to the increase in pressure in the oil storage cylinder 2 when the piston rod 45 slides downward, the present embodiment provides a backflow prevention structure for the oil return passage 19. Specifically, the oil return passage 19 is fixedly connected to an end thereof close to the oil storage cylinder 2 with an anti-backflow structure. The anti-backflow structure includes a sleeve fixedly connected to the oil return passage 19. A tapered hole is provided inside the sleeve. A tapered plug is coaxially slidably connected inside the tapered hole. The tapered plug and The sleeves are connected by a spring. In a pressure-free state, the tapered plug fits against the inner wall of the tapered hole to achieve sealing of the oil return pipe. When the pressure of the oil storage cylinder 2 becomes low, the tapered plug slides toward the side of the oil storage cylinder 2 to open the oil return passage 19, thereby allowing the oil to flow back into the oil storage cylinder 2. Conversely, when the pressure of the oil storage cylinder 2 increases relatively, the oil pressure presses the tapered plug and the tapered hole to fit closely, thereby avoiding the reflux of the oil and also avoiding the reflux of the gas into the working cylinder 1.

[0043] When the present invention is used in practice, when the shock absorber is compressed, the piston rod 45 slides downward, and the piston rod 45 drives the piston valve 9 to slide synchronously. The sliding of the piston valve 9 allows most of the oil in the lower chamber of the working cylinder 1 to enter the upper chamber of the working cylinder 1 through the piston valve 9. At the same time, part of the oil enters the oil storage cylinder 2 through the pressure valve. At the same time, the gas enters the upper chamber from the lower chamber of the working cylinder 1, and then enters the air permeable groove 14, the oil return channel 19, and finally enters the oil storage rod through the exhaust valve 15. When the shock absorber is compressed, the airbag system 13 is deformed to ensure that the oil can smoothly enter the oil storage cylinder 2. When the shock absorber is stretched, the piston rod 45 slides upward, and at the same time drives the piston valve 9 to slide upward. The gas follows the oil through the compensation valve into the working cylinder 1, and is then divided into smaller bubbles or disappears by the dividing mesh 25, and then enters the working cylinder 1.

[0044] The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by technicians in this field on the basis of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-exhaust shock absorber, comprising a working cylinder (1) and an oil storage cylinder (2) sleeved on the periphery of the working cylinder (1), characterized in that: The lower end of the working cylinder (1) is fixedly connected to a bottom valve assembly, the upper end of the working cylinder (1) is fixedly connected to a guide seal assembly, the guide seal assembly comprises a guide seat (5), the upper end of the guide seat (5) is connected to an O-ring (6), the upper end of the O-ring (6) is connected to a top cover (7), a piston rod (45) is inserted into the guide seat (5), the top cover (7) and the oil storage cylinder (2), a sliding sleeve (8) is provided on the outer periphery of the oil storage cylinder (2), the sliding sleeve (8) and the piston rod (45) are coaxially fixedly connected, a piston valve (9) is coaxially slidably connected inside the working cylinder (1), and the piston valve (9) and the piston rod (45) are coaxially fixedly connected; The bottom valve assembly comprises a valve seat (10), to which a compression valve (11) and a compensation valve are connected, and the compression valve (11) and the compensation valve are independently distributed; The oil storage cylinder (2) is connected to an air bag system (13), and the air bag system (13) is immersed in the oil in the oil storage cylinder (2).

2. A self-exhaust shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner surface of the guide seat (5) and the working cylinder (1) is provided with a venting groove (14), the venting groove (14) is internally connected with an exhaust valve (15), a countersunk screw (16) is fixedly connected to the venting groove (14), the exhaust valve (15) is fixed by the countersunk screw (16), and a through hole (17) is provided on the countersunk screw (16), so that oil can reach the exhaust valve (15) through the through hole (17); An exhaust passage (18) is provided in the guide seat (5), and the exhaust passage (18) is connected to the air-permeable groove (14). An oil return passage (19) is provided on the guide seat (5), and one end of the oil return passage (19) close to the exhaust passage (18) is connected to the exhaust passage (18), and the other end of the oil return passage (19) is connected to the oil storage cylinder (2). The oil return passage (19) is arranged to be inclined downward.

3. A self-exhaust shock absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The compensating valve comprises a valve hole (20) formed in the valve seat (10), a compensating valve stopper slidably connected up and down inside the valve hole (20), a compensating valve spring (22) coaxially arranged inside the valve hole (20), a compensating valve nut (23) connected inside the valve hole (20), the compensating valve nut (23) and the compensating valve stopper being threadedly connected, the lower end of the compensating valve spring (22) being in contact with the compensating valve nut (23), the upper end of the compensating valve spring (22) being connected to a spring base (24), and the spring base (24) and the valve hole (20) being fixedly connected.

4. A self-exhaust shock absorber according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper end of the valve hole (20) is stepped, and a partitioning mesh (25) is coaxially arranged inside the valve hole (20). The partitioning mesh (25) is fixed inside the valve hole (20) via the spring base (24).

5. A self-exhaust shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The airbag system (13) comprises an aluminum foil layer (26), a nylon layer (27), and a polypropylene layer (28), wherein the aluminum foil layer (26) is the outermost layer, the nylon layer (27) is the middle layer, and the polypropylene layer (28) is the inner layer, and has ultra-high barrier properties while improving temperature resistance.

6. A self-exhaust shock absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ventilation groove (14) is provided with a step, and the exhaust valve (15) cooperates with the step through a conical surface to achieve line contact between the exhaust valve (15) and the ventilation groove (14), and the exhaust valve (15) is made of powder metallurgy.

7. A self-exhaust shock absorber according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper end of the guide seat (5) is coaxially connected to a valve seat cover, the upper end of the valve seat cover is provided with an upper stepped groove (31), the lower end of the valve seat cover is provided with a lower stepped groove (32), the upper end of the guide seat (5) is provided with an oil scraping groove (33) that matches the lower stepped groove (32), an oil scraping sleeve (34) is arranged inside the lower stepped groove (32) and the oil scraping groove (33), and the middle position and the lower end surface of the oil scraping sleeve (34) are both clearance-matched with the piston rod (45) to scrape the oil on the piston rod (45); An upper oil scraper plate (35) is connected to the interior of the upper stepped groove (31), and a middle position of the upper oil scraper plate (35) is clearance-matched with the piston rod (45). The valve seat cover and the piston rod (45) are clearance-matched, so that the scraped oil enters the interior of the oil scraper groove (33). The oil scraper groove (33) is connected to the oil return passage (19), so that the oil is introduced into the oil storage cylinder (2).

8. A self-exhaust shock absorber according to claim 7, characterized in that: An air collecting chamber (36) connected to the oil return passage (19) is provided in the guide seat (5); an air collecting box (37) is provided at the upper end of the air collecting chamber (36); an air collecting piston (38) is slidably connected to the air collecting box (37) in an upward and downward manner; an air collecting spring (39) is connected between the air collecting piston (38) and the upper end of the air collecting box (37); and a one-way exhaust valve (40) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the air collecting box (37); An oil storage bin (41) is provided inside the guide seat (5), a one-way oil valve (42) is connected to the oil storage bin (41), oil enters the oil storage cylinder (2) through the one-way oil valve (42), a buffer channel (43) is connected between the oil storage bin (41) and the air collecting box (37), and a buffer piston (44) is coaxially slidably connected inside the buffer channel (43).

9. Application of a self-exhaust shock absorber in a vehicle, characterized in that: Use of a self-venting shock absorber as claimed in claim 8.

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