Optical module, optical add-drop apparatus, optical connector, optical assembly, and communication system

Abstract

This disclosure provides an optical module, an optical combiner / splitter, an optical connector, optical components, and a communication system, belonging to the field of optical communication technology. In the optical transmission direction, each optical emitting component of the optical module sends one beam of light to an optical ring device. The optical ring device receives multiple beams and sends them to a combiner / splitter component. The combiner / splitter component combines the multiple beams and transmits them externally through a single-fiber bidirectional optical interface. In the optical reception direction, the combiner / splitter component splits the beam received through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface into multiple beams and sends them to the optical ring device. The optical ring device sends one beam of light to each optical receiving component. It can be seen that the optical ring device transmits multiple narrow-band beams, while the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface transmits one wide-band beam. This disclosure expands the wavelength range of beams that the optical ring device can handle by processing multiple beams of different wavelengths separately using an optical ring device, thereby expanding the single-fiber wavelength capacity of the optical module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of optical communication technology, and in particular to optical modules, optical splitters, optical connectors, optical components and communication systems. Background Technology

[0002] A single-fiber optical module is an optical module with a single-fiber bidirectional optical interface. This interface connects to a single optical fiber, enabling the module to transmit and receive light beams through that fiber. Single-fiber optical modules effectively conserve fiber optic resources.

[0003] Currently, how to improve the single-fiber wavelength capacity of single-fiber optical modules is a key technical issue. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This disclosure provides an optical module, an optical splitter / combiner, an optical connector, optical components, and a communication system. By configuring the optical module to include multiple optical emitting components, multiple optical receiving components, and a splitter / combiner component, this disclosure enables multiple narrow-band beams to be input to the optical ring device, while the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface of the optical module transmits a wide-band beam formed by combining these multiple narrow-band beams. In this way, by configuring the optical ring device to process multiple beams of different bands separately, the wavelength range of beams that the optical ring device can handle is expanded, thereby expanding the single-fiber wavelength capacity of the optical module. The technical solutions for the optical module, the optical splitter / combiner, the optical connector, the optical components, and the communication system are described below.

[0005] In a first aspect, this disclosure provides an optical module. The optical module includes an electrical connection component, multiple optical transmitting components, multiple optical receiving components, an optical ringing device, a multiplexer / splitter assembly, and a single-fiber bidirectional optical interface. The electrical connection component is electrically connected to the multiple optical transmitting components and the multiple optical receiving components, and is used for electrical connection with a communication device. The multiple optical transmitting components include a first optical transmitting component and a second optical transmitting component, and the multiple optical receiving components include a first optical receiving component and a second optical receiving component. In the optical transmission direction, the first optical transmitting component is used to transmit a first-band light beam T to the optical ringing device. The second optical transmitting component is used to transmit a second-band light beam T to the optical ringing device. The optical ringing device is used to transmit the first-band light beam T and the second-band light beam T to the multiplexer / splitter assembly. The multiplexer / splitter assembly is used to combine the first-band light beam T and the second-band light beam T, and transmit the combined light beam through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface. In the optical receiving direction, the multiplexer / splitter assembly is used to split the light beam received through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface into a first-band light beam R and a second-band light beam R, and transmit the first-band light beam R and the second-band light beam R to the optical ringing device. The optical ring device is used to send a first-band light beam R to the first optical receiving component and a second-band light beam R to the second optical receiving component.

[0006] Here, beam T refers to the beam emitted by the optical emitting component, and beam R refers to the beam split from the beam received through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface.

[0007] The optical ring device includes one or more optical circulators. In the light transmission direction, the optical ring device is used to polarize and split each beam T transmitted by the light transmitting component into two beams with different polarization states. The polarization directions of these two beams with different polarization states are first adjusted, and then the two adjusted beams are combined into beam T, which is then transmitted to the beam splitter / combiner component. In the light receiving direction, the optical ring device is used to polarize and split each beam R transmitted by the beam splitter / combiner component into two beams with different polarization states. The polarization directions of these two beams with different polarization states are second adjusted, and then the two adjusted beams are combined into beam R, which is then transmitted to the corresponding light receiving component. The second adjustment differs from the first adjustment.

[0008] As can be seen from the above, the light beam T emitted by the optical emitting component enters the wave splitter / combiner after passing through the optical ring device, while the light beam R emitted from the wave splitter / combiner does not enter the optical emitting component after passing through the optical ring device, but instead enters the optical receiving component. That is, the optical ring device is a non-reciprocal optical device, where non-reciprocity refers to the characteristic that a light beam cannot return along its original path after passing through an optical system (i.e., the optical ring device) in one direction. The non-reciprocity arises because the second adjustment and the first adjustment mentioned above are different. The optical module provided in this disclosure achieves the separation of light beam T and light beam R by employing an optical ring device, and light beam T and light beam R can use the same wavelength band. This makes the single-fiber wavelength capacity expansion potential of the optical module provided in this disclosure higher, given a limited number of wavelength bands.

[0009] When an optical ring device adjusts the polarization direction of a light beam (either a first adjustment or a second adjustment), it does so by applying a magnetic field along the beam's transmission path. Since different wavelengths of light have varying sensitivities to magnetic fields, the wavelength range of a single beam incident on the optical ring device cannot be too wide; otherwise, the optical ring device will be unable to effectively process certain wavelengths. For ease of description later, the upper limit of the wavelength range of a single beam incident on the optical ring device will be referred to as the upper wavelength range. Therefore, the single-fiber wavelength capacity of the optical module in related technologies does not exceed this upper wavelength range.

[0010] The technical solution provided in this disclosure, in the optical transmission direction, a first optical transmitting component and a second optical transmitting component respectively transmit a first-band beam T and a second-band beam T to an optical ring device. The optical ring device processes the first-band beam T and the second-band beam T and then transmits them to a splitter / combiner component. The splitter / combiner component combines the first-band beam T and the second-band beam T and transmits the combined beam through a single-fiber bidirectional optical interface. In the optical receiving direction, the splitter / combiner component splits the received beam into a first-band beam R and a second-band beam R, and transmits the first-band beam R and the second-band beam R to the optical ring device. The optical ring device processes the first-band beam R and the second-band beam R and then transmits the first-band beam R to a first optical receiving component and the second-band beam R to a second optical receiving component.

[0011] As can be seen from the above, the optical ring device of the optical module transmits two beams: a first-band beam and a second-band beam. Since the two beams have different transmission paths, the optical ring device can process each beam separately. For example, different magnetic fields can be applied to the transmission paths of the first-band and second-band beams. Thus, although the individual wavelength ranges of the first-band and second-band beams still cannot exceed the upper wavelength range, the wavelength range of the beam formed by combining the first-band and second-band beams—that is, the wavelength range of the beam transmitted through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface—can exceed the upper wavelength range. This disclosure expands the wavelength range of beams that the optical ring device can handle by processing multiple beams of different wavelengths separately, thereby expanding the single-fiber wavelength capacity of the optical module.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the wavelength range of both the first band and the second band is less than 170 nm.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the wavelength range of both the first and second bands can cover up to eight coarse wavelength division multiplexer (CWDM) bands.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the wavelength range of the first band and the wavelength range of the second band both cover four CWDM bands.

[0015] The technical solution provided in this disclosure sets the wavelength range of the first band and the wavelength range of the second band to be less than 170nm or to cover a maximum of eight CWDM bands, so that the wavelength range of both the first band and the second band is relatively narrow (not exceeding the upper limit wavelength range), thus enabling the optical ring device to effectively process the beams of both the first band and the second band.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the wavelength range of the light beam transmitted by the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface is greater than 200 nm.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the wavelength range of the beam transmitted by the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface covers at least ten CWDM bands.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the wavelength range of the beam transmitted by the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface covers sixteen CWDM bands.

[0019] The technical solution provided in this disclosure expands the single-fiber wavelength capacity of the optical module by setting the wavelength range of the beam transmitted through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface to be greater than 200nm or to cover at least ten CWDM bands.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the optical emitting assembly includes a laser array and a multiplexer array. The laser array includes multiple lasers. The multiplexer array combines the beams emitted by the multiple lasers into a single beam T, which is then transmitted to an optical ring device. Each laser emits a single beam, and the beams emitted by different lasers have different wavelengths. Beam T is a composite wavelength beam carrying multiple optical signals. The multiplexer array includes one or more multiplexers.

[0021] In one possible implementation, each laser is used to transmit a beam in the CWDM band.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the laser array comprises four lasers.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the optical receiving assembly includes a detector group and a demultiplexer group. The detector group includes multiple detectors. The demultiplexer group is used to split the single beam R transmitted by the optical ring device into multiple beams, and transmit the multiple beams to the multiple detectors respectively.

[0024] In one possible implementation, each detector is used to receive a beam of light in one CWDM band.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the detector group comprises four detectors.

[0026] In one possible implementation, the optical ring device includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section and a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section. The first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section operates in a wavelength band covering a first wavelength band and is used to adjust the polarization direction of the beam in the first wavelength band. The second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section operates in a wavelength band covering a second wavelength band and is used to adjust the polarization direction of the beam in the second wavelength band.

[0027] The technical solution provided in this disclosure, by setting the optical ring device to include a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation part and a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation part, enables the optical ring device to effectively process both the first band beam and the second band beam.

[0028] In one possible implementation, a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion is located on the transmission paths of the two polarization states of the beam split from the beam in the first band, and is used to perform a first adjustment on the polarization direction of the two polarization states of the beam split from beam T, and a second adjustment on the polarization direction of the two polarization states of the beam split from beam R. A second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion is located on the transmission paths of the two polarization states of the beam split from the beam in the second band, and is used to perform a first adjustment on the polarization direction of the two polarization states of the beam split from beam T, and a second adjustment on the polarization direction of the two polarization states of the beam split from beam R. The first adjustment and the second adjustment are different.

[0029] In one possible implementation, one of the first and second adjustments is to rotate the polarization direction of the beam by 90°, and the other is to keep the polarization direction of the beam unchanged.

[0030] In one possible implementation, the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section includes a half-wave plate and a first Faraday rotator. The second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section includes a half-wave plate and a second Faraday rotator. The magnetic field strengths of the first and second Faraday rotators are different. The half-wave plate is a reciprocal optical device capable of rotating the polarization direction of a beam transmitted from either direction (i.e., beam T and beam R) by 45° along a first direction. The Faraday rotator is a non-reciprocal optical device capable of rotating the polarization direction of a beam transmitted from one direction (one of beams T and R) by 45° along the first direction, and rotating the polarization direction of a beam transmitted from a second direction (the other of beams T and R) by 45° along a second direction.

[0031] In one possible implementation, the half-wave plate included in the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion and the half-wave plate included in the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion are the same half-wave plate.

[0032] In one possible implementation, the half-wave plate included in the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion and the half-wave plate included in the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion are different half-wave plates.

[0033] In one possible implementation, the wavelength range of the beam transmitted by the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface is greater than the wavelength range of the operating band of the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion, and also greater than the wavelength range of the operating band of the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion.

[0034] In one possible implementation, the optical circulating device includes a first optical circulator and a second optical circulator. The first optical circulator includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion, and the second optical circulator includes a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion. In the light transmission direction, the first optical circulator is used to receive a first-band light beam T from a first optical emitting component and transmit the first-band light beam T to a wave splitter / combiner component. The second optical circulator is used to receive a second-band light beam T from a second optical emitting component and transmit the second-band light beam T to the wave splitter / combiner component. In the light receiving direction, the first optical circulator is used to receive a first-band light beam R from the wave splitter / combiner component and transmit the first-band light beam R to a first optical receiving component. The second optical circulator is used to receive a second-band light beam R from the wave splitter / combiner component and transmit the second-band light beam R to the second optical receiving component.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the optical ringing device includes a first optical circulator. The first optical circulator includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion and a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion. In the light transmission direction, the first optical circulator is used to receive a first-band light beam T from a first optical emitting component, receive a second-band light beam T from a second optical emitting component, and transmit the first-band light beam T and the second-band light beam T to a wave splitter / combiner component. In the light receiving direction, the first optical circulator is used to receive a first-band light beam R and a second-band light beam R from the wave splitter / combiner component, transmit the first-band light beam R to a first optical receiving component, and transmit the second-band light beam R to a second optical receiving component.

[0036] The technical solution provided in this disclosure, by configuring a first optical circulator including a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion and a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion, enables a single optical circulator to process two beams of different wavelengths separately. This reduces the number of optical circulators required in the optical module, thereby lowering the module's size and cost.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the first optical circulator includes a non-reciprocal polarization rotation component, a first polarization splitting and combining component, and a second polarization splitting and combining component. The non-reciprocal polarization rotation component includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion and a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion. The first polarization splitting and combining component is located on the optical path between the first optical emitting component, the second optical emitting component, and the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component, and also on the optical path between the first optical receiving component, the second optical receiving component, and the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component. The second polarization splitting and combining component is located on the optical path between the splitting and combining component and the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component.

[0038] The technical solution provided in this disclosure includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation component in the first optical circulator, comprising a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion and a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion. The first polarization splitting and combining component enables the splitting and combining of two beams, and the second polarization splitting and combining component also enables the splitting and combining of two beams. Compared to placing the first and second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portions in two separate optical circulators, the technical solution provided in this disclosure requires only one first polarization splitting and combining component and one second polarization splitting and combining component to achieve the splitting and combining of two beams. This achieves multiplexing of the polarization splitting and combining components, reduces the number of polarization splitting and combining components, lowers costs, and also increases the integration density of optical devices.

[0039] In one possible implementation, the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component includes a half-wave plate, a first Faraday rotator, and a second Faraday rotator. The first Faraday rotator and a portion of the half-wave plate form a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion, and the second Faraday rotator and a portion of the half-wave plate form a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion.

[0040] In one possible implementation, the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component includes two first non-reciprocal polarization rotation sections and two second non-reciprocal polarization rotation sections. The first and second non-reciprocal polarization rotation sections are arranged at intervals. The two first non-reciprocal polarization rotation sections are respectively used to receive beams of two polarization states split from a beam of a first wavelength band, and the two second non-reciprocal polarization rotation sections are respectively used to receive beams of two polarization states split from a beam of a second wavelength band.

[0041] In one possible implementation, the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component includes a half-wave plate, two first Faraday rotators, and two second Faraday rotators. The first and second Faraday rotators are arranged alternately. Each first Faraday rotator and a portion of the half-wave plate form a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section. Each second Faraday rotator and a portion of the half-wave plate form a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section.

[0042] In one possible implementation, in the light transmission direction, a first polarization splitter / combiner is used to polarize and split a first-band beam T and a second-band beam T, transmitting the two polarization states of the split beam T to a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion, and transmitting the two polarization states of the split beam T to a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion. A second polarization splitter / combiner is used to combine the two polarization states of the beams transmitted from the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion into a first-band beam T, and combine the two polarization states of the beams transmitted from the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion into a second-band beam T, transmitting both the first-band beam T and the second-band beam T to the splitter / combiner. In the light reception direction, the second polarization splitter / combiner is used to polarize and split a first-band beam R and a second-band beam R, transmitting the two polarization states of the split beam R to the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion, and transmitting the two polarization states of the split beam R to the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion. The first polarization splitting and combining optical component is used to combine the two polarization states of the beam emitted by the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation component into a beam R of the first band, and to combine the two polarization states of the beam emitted by the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation component into a beam R of the second band. The first band beam R is then transmitted to the first optical receiving component, and the second band beam R is transmitted to the second optical receiving component. There are two of each of the first and second non-reciprocal polarization rotation components.

[0043] In one possible implementation, the wave splitting and combining component is integrated with the second polarization splitting and combining component. This allows for a more compact arrangement of optical components within the optical module.

[0044] In one possible implementation, the beam splitter / combiner assembly includes a prism, a filter, and a reflective element. The prism is bonded to a second polarization splitter / combiner assembly, the filter is located between the prism and the second polarization splitter / combiner assembly, and the reflective element is coated on the prism. In the light transmission direction, the filter receives a first-band beam T from the second polarization splitter / combiner assembly. The reflective element receives a second-band beam T from the second polarization splitter / combiner assembly and reflects the second-band beam T back to the filter. The filter combines the first-band beam T and the second-band beam T. In the light reception direction, the filter splits the received beam into a first-band beam R and a second-band beam R, transmits the first-band beam R to the second polarization splitter / combiner assembly, and transmits the second-band beam R to the reflective element. The reflective element reflects the second-band beam R back to the second polarization splitter / combiner assembly.

[0045] In one possible implementation, the multiple optical emitting components further include a third optical emitting component. The multiple optical receiving components also include a third optical receiving component. The optical ring device further includes a third non-reciprocal polarization rotation section, the operating band of which covers the third band, and the third non-reciprocal polarization rotation section is used to adjust the polarization direction of the beam in the third band. In the optical transmission direction, the third optical emitting component is used to transmit the beam T of the third band to the optical ring device. The optical ring device is also used to transmit the beam T of the third band to a beam splitter / combiner. The beam splitter / combiner is used to combine the beam T of the first band, the beam T of the second band, and the beam T of the third band, and transmit the combined beam externally through a single-fiber bidirectional optical interface. In the optical receiving direction, the beam splitter / combiner is used to split the beam received through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface into beams R of the first band, R of the second band, and R of the third band, and transmit the beams R of the first band, R of the second band, and R of the third band to the optical ring device. The optical ring device is also used to send a third-band beam R to the third optical receiving component.

[0046] The technical solution provided in this disclosure includes a third optical transmitting component and a third optical receiving component in the optical module, and a third non-reciprocal polarization rotation part in the optical ring device, enabling the optical ring device to process three beams of different wavelengths separately. Furthermore, the beam transmitted through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface is a beam formed by combining the beams of the first, second, and third wavelengths, thus further expanding the single-fiber wavelength capacity of the optical module.

[0047] In one possible implementation, the wavelength range of the third band is less than 170 nm.

[0048] In one possible implementation, the wavelength range of the third band can cover up to eight CWDM bands.

[0049] In one possible implementation, the wavelength range of the third band covers four CWDM bands.

[0050] In one possible implementation, the third non-reciprocal polarization rotation section is located on the transmission path of the two polarization states of the beam split from the beam in the third band, and is used to make a first adjustment to the polarization direction of the two polarization states of the beam split from beam T, and a second adjustment to the polarization direction of the two polarization states of the beam split from beam R.

[0051] In one possible implementation, the optical ringing device includes a first optical circulator. The first optical circulator includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion, a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion, and a third non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion. In the optical transmission direction, the first optical circulator is used to receive a first-band light beam T from a first optical emitting component, a second-band light beam T from a second optical emitting component, and a third-band light beam T from a third optical emitting component, and to transmit the first-band light beam T, the second-band light beam T, and the third-band light beam T to a wave splitter / combiner component. In the optical reception direction, the first optical circulator is used to receive a first-band light beam R, a second-band light beam R, and a third-band light beam R from a wave splitter / combiner component, to transmit the first-band light beam R to a first optical receiving component, to a second optical receiving component, and to a third optical receiving component.

[0052] The technical solution provided in this disclosure, by configuring a first optical circulator including a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion, a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion, and a third non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion, enables a single optical circulator to process three beams of different wavelengths separately. This reduces the number of optical circulators required in the optical module, thereby lowering the module's size and cost.

[0053] In one possible implementation, the first optical circulator includes a non-reciprocal polarization rotation component, a first polarization splitting and combining component, and a second polarization splitting and combining component. The non-reciprocal polarization rotation component includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion, a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion, and a third non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion. The first polarization splitting and combining component is located on the optical path between the first optical emitting component, the second optical emitting component, the third optical emitting component, and the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component, and also on the optical path between the first optical receiving component, the second optical receiving component, the third optical receiving component, and the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component. The second polarization splitting and combining component is located on the optical path between the splitting and combining component and the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component.

[0054] The technical solution provided in this disclosure includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation component for the first optical circulator, comprising a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion, a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion, and a third non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion. The first polarization splitting and combining component enables the splitting and combining of three beams, and the second polarization splitting and combining component also enables the splitting and combining of three beams. Compared to placing the first, second, and third non-reciprocal polarization rotation portions in three separate optical circulators, the technical solution provided in this disclosure requires only one first polarization splitting and combining component and one second polarization splitting and combining component to achieve the splitting and combining of three beams. This achieves multiplexing of the polarization splitting and combining components, reduces the number of polarization splitting and combining components, lowers costs, and also increases the integration density of optical devices.

[0055] In one possible implementation, the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component includes a half-wave plate, a first Faraday rotator, a second Faraday rotator, and a third Faraday rotator. The first Faraday rotator and a portion of the half-wave plate form a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion, the second Faraday rotator and a portion of the half-wave plate form a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion, and the third Faraday rotator and a portion of the half-wave plate form a third non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion.

[0056] In one possible implementation, the first optical circulator includes two first non-reciprocal polarization rotation sections, two second non-reciprocal polarization rotation sections, and two third non-reciprocal polarization rotation sections. The two first non-reciprocal polarization rotation sections are respectively used to receive beams of two polarization states split from a beam of a first wavelength band; the two second non-reciprocal polarization rotation sections are respectively used to receive beams of two polarization states split from a beam of a second wavelength band; and the two third non-reciprocal polarization rotation sections are respectively used to receive beams of two polarization states split from a beam of a third wavelength band.

[0057] In one possible implementation, in the light transmission direction, a first polarization splitting and combining optical component is used to polarize and split a first-band beam T, a second-band beam T, and a third-band beam T. The two polarization states of the split beam from the first-band beam T are transmitted to a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion, the two polarization states of the split beam from the second-band beam T are transmitted to a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion, and the two polarization states of the split beam from the third-band beam T are transmitted to a third non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion. A second polarization splitting and combining optical component is used to combine the two polarization states of the beams transmitted from the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion into a first-band beam T, combine the two polarization states of the beams transmitted from the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion into a second-band beam T, and combine the two polarization states of the beams transmitted from the third non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion into a third-band beam T. The first-band beam T, the second-band beam T, and the third-band beam T are then transmitted to the splitting and combining optical component. In the light receiving direction, the second polarization splitter / combiner is used to polarize and split the first-band beam R, the second-band beam R, and the third-band beam R. It transmits the two polarization states of the split first-band beam R to a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section, transmits the two polarization states of the split second-band beam R to a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section, and transmits the two polarization states of the split third-band beam R to a third non-reciprocal polarization rotation section. The first polarization splitter / combiner is used to combine the two polarization states of the beams transmitted from the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section into a first-band beam R, combine the two polarization states of the beams transmitted from the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section into a second-band beam R, combine the two polarization states of the beams transmitted from the third non-reciprocal polarization rotation section into a third-band beam R, transmit the first-band beam R to a first light receiving component, transmit the second-band beam R to a second light receiving component, and transmit the third-band beam R to a third light receiving component.

[0058] In one possible implementation, the multiple optical emitting components further include a fourth optical emitting component. The multiple optical receiving components also include a fourth optical receiving component. The optical ring device further includes a fourth non-reciprocal polarization rotation section, the operating band of which covers the fourth band, and the fourth non-reciprocal polarization rotation section is used to adjust the polarization direction of the beam in the fourth band. In the optical transmission direction, the fourth optical emitting component is used to transmit the beam T of the fourth band to the optical ring device. The optical ring device is also used to transmit the beam T of the fourth band to a beam splitter / combiner. The beam splitter / combiner is used to combine the beam T of the first band, the beam T of the second band, the beam T of the third band, and the beam T of the fourth band, and transmit the combined beam externally through a single-fiber bidirectional optical interface. In the optical receiving direction, the multiplexing / splitter assembly is used to split the light beam received through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface into a first-band beam R, a second-band beam R, a third-band beam R, and a fourth-band beam R, and transmit the first-band beam R, the second-band beam R, the third-band beam R, and the fourth-band beam R to the optical ring device. The optical ring device is also used to transmit the fourth-band beam R to the fourth optical receiving assembly.

[0059] The technical solution provided in this disclosure includes a fourth optical transmitting component and a fourth optical receiving component in the optical module, and a fourth non-reciprocal polarization rotation part in the optical ring device, enabling the optical ring device to process four beams of different wavelengths separately. Furthermore, the beam transmitted through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface is a beam formed by combining the beams of the first, second, third, and fourth wavelengths, thus further expanding the single-fiber wavelength capacity of the optical module.

[0060] In one possible implementation, the wavelength range of the fourth band is less than 170 nm.

[0061] In one possible implementation, the wavelength range of the fourth band can cover up to eight CWDM bands.

[0062] In one possible implementation, the wavelength range of the fourth band covers four CWDM bands.

[0063] In one possible implementation, the fourth non-reciprocal polarization rotation section is located on the transmission path of the two polarization states of the beam split from the beam of the fourth band, and is used to make a first adjustment to the polarization direction of the two polarization states of the beam split from beam T, and a second adjustment to the polarization direction of the two polarization states of the beam split from beam R.

[0064] In one possible implementation, the optical ringing device includes a first optical circulator and a second optical circulator. The first optical circulator includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion and a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion. The second optical circulator includes a third non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion and a fourth non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion. In the optical transmission direction, the first optical circulator is used to receive a first-band beam T from a first optical emitting component, receive a second-band beam T from a second optical emitting component, and transmit the first-band beam T and the second-band beam T to a wave splitter / combiner component. The second optical circulator is used to receive a third-band beam T from a third optical emitting component, receive a fourth-band beam T from a fourth optical emitting component, and transmit the third-band beam T and the fourth-band beam T to the wave splitter / combiner component. In the optical reception direction, the first optical circulator is used to receive a first-band beam R and a second-band beam R from the wave splitter / combiner component, transmit the first-band beam R to a first optical receiving component, and transmit the second-band beam R to a second optical receiving component. The second optical circulator is used to receive the third-band beam R and the fourth-band beam R from the wave splitter and combiner, transmit the third-band beam R to the third optical receiver, and transmit the fourth-band beam R to the fourth optical receiver.

[0065] The technical solution provided in this disclosure enables the processing of four beams by setting the first optical circulator to include a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation part and a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation part, and setting the second optical circulator to include a third non-reciprocal polarization rotation part and a fourth non-reciprocal polarization rotation part. This reduces the number of optical circulators in the optical module and saves costs.

[0066] In one possible implementation, the beam splitter / combiner assembly includes a first beam splitter / combiner assembly and a second beam splitter / combiner assembly, with two first beam splitter / combiner assemblies. In the optical transmission direction, one first beam splitter / combiner assembly combines a first-band beam T and a second-band beam T transmitted by a first optical circulator. The other first beam splitter / combiner assembly combines a third-band beam T and a fourth-band beam T transmitted by a second optical circulator. The second beam splitter / combiner assembly combines the beams transmitted by the two first beam splitter / combiner assemblies and transmits the combined beam through a single-fiber bidirectional optical interface. In the optical reception direction, the second beam splitter / combiner assembly splits the beam received through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface into two beams and transmits these two beams to the two first beam splitter / combiner assemblies respectively. One first beam splitter / combiner assembly splits the received beam into a first-band beam R and a second-band beam R, and transmits the first-band beam R and the second-band beam R to the first optical circulator. Another first beam splitter / combiner is used to split the received beam into a third-band beam R and a fourth-band beam R, and send the third-band beam R and the fourth-band beam R to the second optical circulator.

[0067] In one possible implementation, the two first split-and combiner components are integrated with the first optical circulator and the second optical circulator, respectively.

[0068] In one possible implementation, the optical module also includes a mode filter. Located on the optical path between the multiplexer and splitter assembly and the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface, the mode filter is used to filter the reflected beam from the transmitted beam.

[0069] The technical solution disclosed herein involves a beam of light transmitted by the multiplexing / splitter assembly to the connection point between the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface and the optical fiber. A portion of the beam is reflected back by the fiber end face, forming a reflected beam. Since the receiving and transmitting beams of the optical module use the same wavelength, the reflected beam and the receiving beam are incident on the corresponding optical receiving component together, meaning the reflected beam interferes with the receiving beam. By setting a mode filter to filter the reflected beam, the interference of the reflected beam with the receiving beam is reduced, improving the reliability of the optical module in receiving optical signals.

[0070] In one possible implementation, the electrical connection assembly includes multiple gold-finger connectors. These gold-finger connectors are used to mate with multiple female connectors in the communication device. Since the single-fiber wavelength capacity of the optical module is extended, enabling the transmission of a greater number of optical signals through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface, the optical module also needs to be able to transmit a greater number of electrical signals.

[0071] The technical solution provided in this disclosure increases the number of electrical signals that the optical module can transmit by setting the electrical connection components of the optical module to include multiple gold finger connectors, thereby enabling the electrical connection components of the optical module to support the transmission of more optical signals through a single-fiber bidirectional optical interface.

[0072] In one possible implementation, each of the multiple gold finger connectors is electrically connected to one optical emitting component and one optical receiving component. That is, one optical beam R and one optical beam T correspond to one gold finger connector. This facilitates unified control of the multiple lasers in each optical emitting component and the multiple detectors in each optical receiving component.

[0073] In one possible implementation, there are two gold finger connectors, which are arranged horizontally or vertically.

[0074] In one possible implementation, there are three gold finger connectors, which are arranged horizontally or vertically.

[0075] In one possible implementation, there are four gold finger connectors, arranged horizontally or in a two-horizontal-two-vertical arrangement.

[0076] In one possible implementation, the optical module includes an optical interface section and multiple electrical connectors. The optical interface section has a single-fiber bidirectional optical interface. Multiple gold-finger connectors are located in the multiple electrical connectors. The multiple electrical connectors are spaced apart, and each electrical connector is used to insert into a port of the optical cage of the communication device.

[0077] The technical solution provided in this disclosure, by setting the optical module to have multiple spaced electrical connectors, with each electrical connector used to insert into a port of the optical cage of the communication device, enables the optical module provided in this disclosure to be used in existing communication devices, reducing application costs. Furthermore, the increased size of the optical module including multiple electrical connectors allows it to accommodate additional optical and electrical components added due to the expansion of single-fiber wavelength capacity.

[0078] In one possible implementation, each electrical connector includes a light emitting component and a light receiving component.

[0079] In one possible implementation, there are two electrical connectors arranged horizontally. These two connectors are used to insert into two horizontally arranged ports of the optical cage.

[0080] In one possible implementation, there are two electrical connectors arranged longitudinally. These two electrical connectors are used to insert into the two longitudinally arranged ports of the optical cage.

[0081] In one possible implementation, there are three electrical connectors arranged horizontally. These three electrical connectors are used to insert into three horizontally arranged ports of the optical cage.

[0082] In one possible implementation, there are three electrical connectors arranged longitudinally. These three connectors are used to insert into the three longitudinally arranged ports of the optical cage.

[0083] In one possible implementation, there are four electrical connectors arranged horizontally. These four connectors are used to insert into the four horizontally arranged ports of the optical cage.

[0084] In one possible implementation, there are four electrical connectors arranged in a two-horizontal-two-vertical configuration. These four connectors are used to insert into the two ports of the optical cage.

[0085] In one possible implementation, the electrical connector has the same form factor as the electrical connector of a quad small form factor pluggable (QSFP) packaged optical module, or in other words, the electrical connector can be inserted into the port of an optical cage that conforms to the QSFP package requirements. The QSFP packaged optical module is capable of transmitting four transmit electrical signals and four receive electrical signals.

[0086] In one possible implementation, if there are two electrical connectors, the optical module can achieve the transmission of eight transmit electrical signals and eight receive electrical signals.

[0087] In one possible implementation, if there are three electrical connectors, the optical module can transmit twelve channels of electrical signals and twelve channels of electrical signals.

[0088] In one possible implementation, if there are four electrical connectors, the optical module can transmit sixteen transmit electrical signals and sixteen receive electrical signals.

[0089] In one possible implementation, the aforementioned multiple electrical connectors are integrated together. Alternatively, the optical module includes an optical interface section and an electrical connector, with multiple gold-fingered connectors located within this electrical connector. This results in a more robust and highly integrated optical module.

[0090] In one possible implementation, an electrical connector is used to insert into a merged port of the optical cage. The merged port refers to a port formed by connecting at least two ports after removing at least one partition from the optical cage. This reduces the modifications required for the communication equipment and lowers the application cost of the optical module.

[0091] In one possible implementation, the merged port is formed by removing the intermediate vertical partition from two horizontally arranged ports. Two gold-finger connectors in the electrical connection section are arranged horizontally to mate with the female connectors in the two horizontally arranged ports.

[0092] In one possible implementation, the merged port is formed by removing the intermediate transverse partition from two longitudinally arranged ports. Two gold-finger connectors in the electrical connection section are arranged longitudinally to mate with the female connectors in the two longitudinally arranged ports.

[0093] In one possible implementation, the merged port is formed by removing the two middle vertical partitions from three horizontally arranged ports. Three gold-finger connectors in the electrical connection section are arranged horizontally to mate with the female connectors in these three horizontally arranged ports.

[0094] In one possible implementation, the merged port is formed by removing the two middle transverse partitions from three vertically arranged ports. Three gold-finger connectors in the electrical connection section are arranged vertically to mate with the female connectors in these three vertically arranged ports.

[0095] In one possible implementation, the merged port is formed by removing the three middle vertical partitions from four horizontally arranged ports. Four gold-finger connectors in the electrical connection section are arranged horizontally to mate with the female connectors in these four horizontally arranged ports.

[0096] In one possible implementation, the merged port is the port formed by removing the intersecting horizontal and vertical partitions from four ports (two horizontal and two vertical). The four gold-finger connectors in the electrical connection section are arranged in a two-horizontal-two-vertical configuration to mate with the female connectors in these four ports.

[0097] In one possible implementation, the optical module employs a C-form factor pluggable (CFP) package or a CFP2 package. The electrical connection components include a gold finger connector with at least one row of functional signal pins and two rows of high-speed signal pins. The two rows of high-speed signal pins are used to transmit transmit electrical signals to multiple optical transmitting components and to transmit receive electrical signals generated by multiple optical receiving components to the communication equipment. The use of a CFP or CFP2 package for the optical module means that the module's external dimensions conform to the CFP or CFP2 package standard, while the pins of the gold finger connector may not conform to the existing CFP or CFP2 package standard.

[0098] The technical solution provided in this disclosure, on the one hand, because the CFP or CFP2 packaged optical modules are relatively large, the overall shape of these two types of optical modules does not need to be changed, and they can still accommodate newly added optical and electrical components. Therefore, the optical modules provided in this disclosure can still be inserted into the ports of optical cages conforming to the CFP or CFP2 standards.

[0099] On the other hand, existing CFP and CFP2 packaged optical modules have gold finger connectors with only one row of high-speed signal pins, enabling the transmission of only four or eight electrical signals. Therefore, by designing the gold finger connector to have two rows of high-speed signal pins, the number of electrical signals that the optical module can transmit is increased, allowing the electrical connection components of the optical module to support the expansion of single-fiber wavelength capacity.

[0100] In one possible implementation, the functional signal pins and high-speed signal pins are located on different sides of the gold finger connector, and the two rows of high-speed signal pins are arranged sequentially along the mating direction of the gold finger connector.

[0101] In one possible implementation, two rows of high-speed signal pins are used to transmit sixteen transmit electrical signals to multiple optical transmitting components, and to transmit sixteen receive electrical signals generated by multiple optical receiving components to a communication device.

[0102] In one possible implementation, the optical module is packaged in a CFP or CFP2 package. The electrical connection assembly includes two gold-finger connectors located in the same electrical interface of the optical module. For example, the two gold-finger connectors are arranged along the thickness direction of the optical module.

[0103] The technical solution provided in this disclosure, on the one hand, because the CFP or CFP2 packaged optical modules are relatively large, the overall shape of these two types of optical modules does not need to be changed, and they can still accommodate newly added optical and electrical components. Therefore, the optical modules provided in this disclosure can still be inserted into the ports of optical cages conforming to the CFP or CFP2 standards.

[0104] On the other hand, existing CFP and CFP2 packaged optical modules only have one row of gold fingers in their gold finger connectors, enabling them to transmit only four or eight electrical signals. Therefore, by equipping the optical module with two gold finger connectors, the number of electrical signals that the optical module can transmit is increased, allowing the electrical connection components of the optical module to support the expansion of single-fiber wavelength capacity.

[0105] Secondly, this disclosure provides an optical connector. The optical connector includes multiple optical input components, multiple optical output components, a connector body, and a bidirectional optical transmission component. The connector body internally has an optical ring device and a beam splitter / combiner assembly. The multiple optical input components include a first optical input component and a second optical input component. The multiple optical output components include a first optical output component and a second optical output component. In a first direction of light transmission, the first optical input component is used to transmit a received first-band light beam T to the optical ring device. The second optical input component is used to transmit a received second-band light beam T to the optical ring device. The optical ring device is used to transmit the first-band light beam T and the second-band light beam T to the beam splitter / combiner assembly. The beam splitter / combiner assembly is used to combine the first-band light beam T and the second-band light beam T, and transmit the combined light beam through the bidirectional optical transmission component. In a second direction of light transmission, the beam splitter / combiner assembly is used to split the light beam received through the bidirectional optical transmission component into a first-band light beam R and a second-band light beam R, and transmit the first-band light beam R and the second-band light beam R to the optical ring device. The optical ring device is used to transmit a first-band light beam R through a first optical output component and a second-band light beam R through a second optical output component.

[0106] In this embodiment, for example, the optical input component of the optical connector is used to interface with the optical transmission port of the third optical module, and the optical output component is used to interface with the optical reception port of the third optical module. The third optical module is different from the optical module in the first aspect. In the first direction of light transmission, the first optical input component receives a first-band beam T transmitted by the third optical module and transmits the first-band beam T to the optical ring device. The second optical input component receives a second-band beam T transmitted by the third optical module and transmits the second-band beam T to the optical ring device. The optical ring device processes the first-band beam T and the second-band beam T respectively and transmits them to the beam splitter / combiner. The beam splitter / combiner combines the first-band beam T and the second-band beam T and transmits the combined beam through the optical bidirectional transmission component. In the second direction of light transmission, the beam splitter / combiner splits the beam received by the optical bidirectional transmission component into a first-band beam R and a second-band beam R, and transmits the first-band beam R and the second-band beam R to the optical ring device. The optical ring device processes the first-band beam R and the second-band beam R respectively, and sends the first-band beam R to the third optical module through the first optical output component, and sends the second-band beam R to the third optical module through the second optical output component.

[0107] The technical solution provided in this disclosure allows an optical connector to convert at least four optical ports from two third optical modules into a single bidirectional optical transmission component, thereby enabling single-fiber transmission of multiple transmitted and received optical signals and saving fiber optic resources. Furthermore, the optical ring device within the optical connector transmits two beams: a first-band beam and a second-band beam. Since the two beams have different transmission paths, the optical ring device can process them separately, for example, by applying different magnetic fields along their transmission paths. Thus, although the individual wavelength ranges of the first-band and second-band beams still cannot exceed the upper wavelength range of the optical ring device, the wavelength range of the beam formed by combining the first-band and second-band beams—that is, the wavelength range of the beam transmitted by the bidirectional optical transmission component—can exceed the upper wavelength range. Therefore, this disclosure expands the wavelength range of beams that the optical ring device can handle by processing multiple beams of different wavelengths separately using an optical ring device, thereby expanding the single-fiber wavelength capacity of the optical connector.

[0108] In one possible implementation, the wavelength range of the first band and the wavelength range of the second band are the same as the wavelength range of the first band and the wavelength range of the second band of the optical module of the first aspect.

[0109] In one possible implementation, the wavelength range of the light beam transmitted by the optical bidirectional transmission component is the same as the wavelength range of the light beam transmitted by the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface of the optical module in the first aspect.

[0110] In one possible implementation, the optical ring device of the optical connector has the same structure as the optical ring device of the optical module in the first aspect.

[0111] In one possible implementation, the optical ringing device includes a first optical circulator and a second optical circulator. The first optical circulator includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion, and the second optical circulator includes a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion. In a first direction of light transmission, the first optical circulator is used to receive a first-band light beam T from a first optical input component and transmit the first-band light beam T to a wave splitter / combiner component. The second optical circulator is used to receive a second-band light beam T from a second optical input component and transmit the second-band light beam T to the wave splitter / combiner component. In a second direction of light transmission, the first optical circulator is used to receive a first-band light beam R from the wave splitter / combiner component and transmit the first-band light beam R through a first optical output component. The second optical circulator is used to receive a second-band light beam R from the wave splitter / combiner component and transmit the second-band light beam R through a second optical output component.

[0112] In one possible implementation, the optical ringing device includes a first optical circulator. The first optical circulator includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion and a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion. In a first direction of light transmission, the first optical circulator is used to receive a first-band light beam T from a first optical input component, receive a second-band light beam T from a second optical input component, and transmit the first-band light beam T and the second-band light beam T to a wave splitter / combiner assembly. In a second direction of light transmission, the first optical circulator is used to receive a first-band light beam R and a second-band light beam R from the wave splitter / combiner assembly, transmit the first-band light beam R through a first optical output component, and transmit the second-band light beam R through a second optical output component.

[0113] In one possible implementation, the first optical circulator includes a non-reciprocal polarization rotation component, a first polarization splitting and combining component, and a second polarization splitting and combining component. The non-reciprocal polarization rotation component includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion and a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion. The first polarization splitting and combining component is located on the optical path between the first optical input component, the second optical input component, and the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component, and also on the optical path between the first optical output component, the second optical output component, and the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component. The second polarization splitting and combining component is located on the optical path between the splitting and combining component and the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component.

[0114] In one possible implementation, in the first direction of light transmission, a first polarization splitter / combiner is used to polarize and split a first-band beam T and a second-band beam T, sending the two polarization states of the split beam T to a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion, and sending the two polarization states of the split beam T to a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion. A second polarization splitter / combiner is used to combine the two polarization states of the beams sent from the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion into a first-band beam T, and combine the two polarization states of the beams sent from the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion into a second-band beam T, sending both the first-band beam T and the second-band beam T to the splitter / combiner. In the second direction of light transmission, a second polarization splitter / combiner is used to polarize and split a first-band beam R and a second-band beam R, sending the two polarization states of the split beam R to the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion, and sending the two polarization states of the split beam R to the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion. The first polarization splitting and combining optical component is used to combine the two polarization states of the beam emitted by the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation component into a beam R of the first band, combine the two polarization states of the beam emitted by the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation component into a beam R of the second band, transmit the beam R of the first band through the first optical output component, and transmit the beam R of the second band through the second optical output component.

[0115] In one possible implementation, the multiple optical input components further include a third optical input component. The multiple optical output components also include a third optical output component. The optical ring device further includes a third non-reciprocal polarization rotation section, the operating wavelength of which covers the third band, and the third non-reciprocal polarization rotation section is used to adjust the polarization direction of the beam in the third band. In the first direction of light transmission, the third optical input component is used to send the received beam T of the third band to the optical ring device. The optical ring device is also used to send the beam T of the third band to a beam splitter / combiner assembly. The beam splitter / combiner assembly is used to combine the beam T of the first band, the beam T of the second band, and the beam T of the third band, and send the combined beam externally through a bidirectional optical transmission component. In the second direction of light transmission, the beam splitter / combiner assembly is used to split the beam received through the bidirectional optical transmission component into beams R of the first band, R of the second band, and R of the third band, and send the beams R of the first band, R of the second band, and R of the third band to the optical ring device. The optical ring device is also used to transmit a third-band beam R through a third optical output component.

[0116] In one possible implementation, the wavelength range of the third band is the same as that of the third band of the optical module in the first aspect.

[0117] In one possible implementation, the optical ringing device includes a first optical circulator. The first optical circulator includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section, a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section, and a third non-reciprocal polarization rotation section. In a first direction of light transmission, the first optical circulator receives a first-band light beam T from a first optical input component, receives a second-band light beam T from a second optical input component, receives a third-band light beam T from a third optical input component, and transmits the first-band light beam T, the second-band light beam T, and the third-band light beam T to a wave splitter / combiner assembly. In a second direction of light transmission, the first optical circulator receives the first-band light beam R, the second-band light beam R, and the third-band light beam R from the wave splitter / combiner assembly, transmits the first-band light beam R through a first optical output component, transmits the second-band light beam R through a second optical output component, and transmits the third-band light beam R through a third optical output component.

[0118] In one possible implementation, the first optical circulator includes a non-reciprocal polarization rotation component, a first polarization splitting and combining component, and a second polarization splitting and combining component. The non-reciprocal polarization rotation component includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion, a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion, and a third non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion. The first polarization splitting and combining component is located on the optical path between the first optical input component, the second optical input component, the third optical input component, and the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component, and also on the optical path between the first optical output component, the second optical output component, the third optical output component, and the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component. The second polarization splitting and combining component is located on the optical path between the splitting and combining component and the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component.

[0119] In one possible implementation, the plurality of optical input components further includes a fourth optical input component. The plurality of optical output components further includes a fourth optical output component. The optical ring device also includes a fourth non-reciprocal polarization rotation section, the operating wavelength of which covers the fourth band, and is used to adjust the polarization direction of the beam in the fourth band. In the first transmission direction of light, the fourth optical input component is used to send the received beam T of the fourth band to the optical ring device. The optical ring device is also used to send the beam T of the fourth band to a beam splitter / combiner assembly. The beam splitter / combiner assembly is used to combine the beam T of the first band, the beam T of the second band, the beam T of the third band, and the beam T of the fourth band, and transmit the combined beam externally through a bidirectional optical transmission component. In the second direction of light transmission, the beam splitter / multiplexer is used to split the light beam received by the optical bidirectional transmission component into beams R1, R2, R3, and R4, and transmit these beams to the optical ringing device. The optical ringing device is also used to transmit the fourth beam R through the fourth optical output component.

[0120] In one possible implementation, the wavelength range of the fourth band is the same as that of the fourth band of the optical module in the first aspect.

[0121] In one possible implementation, the optical ringing device includes a first optical circulator and a second optical circulator. The first optical circulator includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion and a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion. The second optical circulator includes a third non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion and a fourth non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion. In a first direction of light transmission, the first optical circulator is used to receive a first-band beam T from a first optical input component, receive a second-band beam T from a second optical input component, and transmit the first-band beam T and the second-band beam T to a wave splitter / combiner assembly. The second optical circulator is used to receive a third-band beam T from a third optical input component, receive a fourth-band beam T from a fourth optical input component, and transmit the third-band beam T and the fourth-band beam T to the wave splitter / combiner assembly. In a second direction of light transmission, the first optical circulator is used to receive a first-band beam R and a second-band beam R from the wave splitter / combiner assembly, transmit the first-band beam R through a first optical output component, and transmit the second-band beam R through a second optical output component. The second optical circulator is used to receive the third-band beam R and the fourth-band beam R from the beam splitter and combiner, transmit the third-band beam R through the third optical output component, and transmit the fourth-band beam R through the fourth optical output component.

[0122] In one possible implementation, the optical connector also includes a mode filter located in the optical path between the wave splitter / combiner and the bidirectional optical transmission component. The mode filter is used to filter the reflected beam that is reflected back from the transmitted beam.

[0123] In one possible implementation, both the optical input and output components are fiber optic connectors, and both are fixed to the connector body. This results in better overall integrity of the optical connector. The optical input component is inserted into the optical transmitter port of the optical module, and the optical output component is inserted into the optical receiver port of the optical module.

[0124] In one possible implementation, the optical input and output components are arranged in the form of fiber optic connector pairs, each pair including one optical input and one optical output component. This facilitates the mating of the optical connector with the third optical module. Each fiber optic connector pair, including its optical input and output components, is used to insert into the optical transmit and receive ports of the same third optical module.

[0125] In one possible implementation, there are two fiber optic connector pairs arranged horizontally. These two fiber optic connector pairs are used to interface with two horizontally arranged third optical modules.

[0126] In one possible implementation, there are two fiber optic connector pairs arranged longitudinally. These two fiber optic connector pairs are used to interface with two longitudinally arranged third optical modules.

[0127] In one possible implementation, there are three fiber optic connector pairs arranged horizontally. These three fiber optic connector pairs are used to interface with three horizontally arranged third optical modules.

[0128] In one possible implementation, there are three fiber optic connector pairs arranged longitudinally. These three fiber optic connector pairs are used to interface with three longitudinally arranged third optical modules.

[0129] In one possible implementation, there are four fiber optic connector pairs arranged horizontally. These four fiber optic connector pairs are used to interface with four horizontally arranged third optical modules.

[0130] In one possible implementation, there are four fiber optic connector pairs, arranged in a two-horizontal-two-vertical configuration. These four fiber optic connector pairs are used to interface with four third optical modules arranged in a two-horizontal-two-vertical configuration.

[0131] In one possible implementation, the optical input component and the optical output component are fiber optic connectors, and both are connected to the connector body via flexible optical cables.

[0132] The technical solution provided in this disclosure, by setting up optical input components and optical output components to be connected to the connector body via flexible optical cables, ensures that there is no mutual interference between the optical fiber connectors during the docking process with the third optical module, thus guaranteeing the smooth docking of the optical fiber connectors with the third optical module, and also reducing the manufacturing precision of the optical fiber connectors and saving costs.

[0133] In one possible implementation, the first optical input component and the first optical output component are fixed together. The second optical input component and the second optical output component are fixed together. The third optical input component and the third optical output component are fixed together. The fourth optical input component and the fourth optical output component are fixed together.

[0134] In one possible implementation, the optical input and output components are fiber optic interfaces, both located within the connector body. The optical input and output components are respectively connected to the optical transmit and receive ports of the third optical module via fiber optic patch cords.

[0135] In one possible implementation, the optical bidirectional transmission component is a fiber optic interface located within the connector body. The optical bidirectional transmission component interfaces with the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface of the optical combiner / splitter via an optical fiber.

[0136] In one possible implementation, the optical bidirectional transmission component is an optical fiber interface or optical fiber connector, and is connected to the connector body via a flexible optical cable.

[0137] In one possible implementation, the optical connector further includes distinguishing markings used to differentiate between the first optical input component and the second optical input component, and to differentiate between the first optical output component and the second optical output component. These distinguishing markings can be text markings, color markings, or numerical markings, etc.

[0138] The technical solution provided in this disclosure enables users to accurately connect the first optical input component and the first optical output component to the third optical module used for transmitting and receiving beams in the first band by setting distinguishing identifiers, and to connect the second optical input component and the second optical output component to the third optical module used for transmitting and receiving beams in the second band by setting distinguishing identifiers.

[0139] Thirdly, this disclosure provides an optical splitter / combiner. The optical splitter / combiner includes an optical ring device, a splitter / combiner assembly, a single-fiber bidirectional optical interface, multiple optical input interfaces, multiple optical output interfaces, multiple multiplexer groups, and multiple demultiplexer groups. The multiple optical input interfaces include multiple first optical input interfaces and multiple second optical input interfaces. The multiple optical output interfaces include multiple first optical output interfaces and multiple second optical output interfaces. The multiple multiplexer groups include a first multiplexer group and a second multiplexer group. The multiple demultiplexer groups include a first demultiplexer group and a second demultiplexer group. In a first direction of optical transmission, the splitter / combiner assembly is used to split the light beam received through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface into a first-band beam T and a second-band beam T, and transmit the first-band beam T and the second-band beam T to the optical ring device. The optical ring device is used to transmit the first-band beam T to the first demultiplexer group and the second-band beam T to the second demultiplexer group. The first demultiplexer group is used to split the first-band beam T into multiple beams, and transmit the split-multiplexed beams through multiple first optical output interfaces. The second demultiplexer group is used to split the second-band beam T into multiple beams, and transmit the split-multiplexed beams through multiple second optical output interfaces. In the second direction of optical transmission, the first multiplexer group is used to combine the multiple beams received through multiple first optical input interfaces into a first-band beam R, and transmit the first-band beam R to the optical ring device. The second multiplexer group is used to combine the multiple beams received through multiple second optical input interfaces into a second-band beam R, and transmit the second-band beam R to the optical ring device. The optical ring device is used to transmit the first-band beam R and the second-band beam R to the split-multiplexer assembly. The split-multiplexer assembly is used to combine the first-band beam R and the second-band beam R, and transmit the combined beam through a single-fiber bidirectional optical interface.

[0140] In this embodiment, for example, the optical input interface of the optical splitter / combiner is used to connect to the optical transmitting port of the second optical module, the optical output interface is used to connect to the optical receiving port of the second optical module, and the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface is used to interface with the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface of the first optical module. The second optical module and the first optical module are plugged into different communication devices. In the first direction of optical transmission, the optical splitter / combiner is used to receive the light beam transmitted by the first optical module, split the light beam transmitted by the first optical module, and transmit it to multiple second optical modules through multiple optical output interfaces. In the second direction of optical transmission, the optical splitter / combiner is used to receive the light beams transmitted by multiple second optical modules through multiple optical input interfaces, combine the received multiple light beams, and transmit them to the first optical module through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface.

[0141] As another example, the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface of the optical splitter / combiner is used to interface with the bidirectional optical transmission component of the optical connector in the second aspect. In the first direction of light transmission, the optical splitter / combiner receives the light beam transmitted by the optical connector, splits the light beam, and transmits it to multiple second optical modules through multiple optical output interfaces. In the second direction of light transmission, the optical splitter / combiner receives the light beams transmitted by multiple second optical modules through multiple optical input interfaces, combines the received multiple light beams, and transmits them to the optical connector through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface.

[0142] The technical solution provided in this disclosure transmits two beams in the optical ring device: a first-band beam and a second-band beam. Since the two beams have different transmission paths, the optical ring device can process these two beams separately. For example, different magnetic fields can be applied to the transmission paths of the first-band and second-band beams. Thus, although the individual wavelength ranges of the first-band and second-band beams still cannot exceed the upper wavelength range, the wavelength range of the beam formed by combining the first-band and second-band beams—that is, the wavelength range of the beam transmitted through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface—can exceed the upper wavelength range. Therefore, this disclosure expands the wavelength range of beams that the optical ring device can handle by processing multiple beams of different wavelengths separately using an optical ring device, thereby expanding the single-fiber wavelength capacity of the optical splitter / combiner.

[0143] In one possible implementation, the wavelength range of the first band and the wavelength range of the second band are the same as those of the first band and the second band described in the optical module of the first aspect.

[0144] In one possible implementation, the wavelength range of the light beam transmitted by the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface is the same as the wavelength range of the first band and the wavelength range of the second band described in the optical module of the first aspect.

[0145] In one possible implementation, the optical ring device included in the optical splitter / combiner has the same structure as the optical ring device included in the optical module of the first aspect.

[0146] In one possible implementation, the optical circulating device includes a first optical circulator and a second optical circulator. The first optical circulator includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion, and the second optical circulator includes a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion. In a first direction of light transmission, the first optical circulator is used to receive a first-band beam T from a wave-splitter assembly and to transmit the first-band beam T to a first wave-splitter group. The second optical circulator is used to receive a second-band beam T from the wave-splitter assembly and to transmit the second-band beam T to a second wave-splitter group. In a second direction of light transmission, the first optical circulator is used to receive a first-band beam R from a first wave-splitter group and to transmit the first-band beam R to the wave-splitter assembly. The second optical circulator is used to receive a second-band beam R from a second wave-splitter group and to transmit the second-band beam R to the wave-splitter assembly.

[0147] In one possible implementation, the optical ringing device includes a first optical circulator. The first optical circulator includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion and a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion. In a first direction of light transmission, the first optical circulator is used to receive a first-band beam T and a second-band beam T from a wave splitter / combiner assembly, transmit the first-band beam T to a first wave splitter group, and transmit the second-band beam T to a second wave splitter group. In a second direction of light transmission, the first optical circulator is used to receive a first-band beam R from a first wave combiner group, receive a second-band beam R from a second wave combiner group, and transmit the first-band beam R and the second-band beam R to the wave splitter / combiner assembly.

[0148] In one possible implementation, the first optical circulator includes a non-reciprocal polarization rotation component, a first polarization splitter / combiner component, and a second polarization splitter / combiner component. The non-reciprocal polarization rotation component includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion and a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion. The first polarization splitter / combiner component is located on the optical path between the splitter / combiner component and the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component. The second polarization splitter / combiner component is located on the optical path between the first demultiplexer group, the second demultiplexer group, and the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component, and also on the optical path between the first combiner group, the second combiner group, and the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component.

[0149] In one possible implementation, in the first direction of light transmission, a first polarization splitter / combiner is used to polarize and split a first-band beam T and a second-band beam T, sending the two polarization states of the split beam T to a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion, and sending the two polarization states of the split beam T to a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion. A second polarization splitter / combiner is used to combine the two polarization states of the beams sent from the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion into a first-band beam T, and combine the two polarization states of the beams sent from the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion into a second-band beam T, sending the first-band beam T to a first demultiplexer group, and sending the second-band beam T to a second demultiplexer group. In the second direction of light transmission, the second polarization splitting and combining optical component is used to polarize and split the first-band beam R and the second-band beam R, sending the two polarization states of the split first-band beam R to the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion, and sending the two polarization states of the split second-band beam R to the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion. The first polarization splitting and combining optical component is used to combine the two polarization states of the beam sent from the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion into the first-band beam R, and to combine the two polarization states of the beam sent from the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion into the second-band beam R, and to send the first-band beam R and the second-band beam R to the splitting and combining optical component.

[0150] In one possible implementation, the wave splitting and combining component is integrated with the first polarization splitting and combining optical component.

[0151] In one possible implementation, the multiple optical input interfaces further include multiple third optical input interfaces. The multiple optical output interfaces further include multiple third optical output interfaces. The multiple multiplexer groups further include a third multiplexer group. The multiple demultiplexer groups further include a third demultiplexer group. The optical ring device further includes a third non-reciprocal polarization rotation section, the operating band of which covers a third band, and the third non-reciprocal polarization rotation section is used to adjust the polarization direction of the beam in the third band. In the first transmission direction of light, the multiplexing and splitting assembly is used to split the beam received through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface into a beam T in the first band, a beam T in the second band, and a beam T in the third band, and transmit the beam T in the first band, the beam T in the second band, and the beam T in the third band to the optical ring device. The optical ring device is also used to transmit the beam T in the third band to the third demultiplexer group. The third demultiplexer group is used to split the beam T in the third band into multiple beams, and transmit the split multiple beams through multiple third optical output interfaces. In the second direction of optical transmission, the third multiplexer group is used to combine multiple beams received through multiple third optical input interfaces into a third-band beam R, and then transmit the third-band beam R to the optical ring device. The optical ring device is also used to transmit the third-band beam R to the multiplexer / splitter assembly. The multiplexer / splitter assembly is used to combine the first-band beam R, the second-band beam R, and the third-band beam R, and then transmit the combined beam externally through a single-fiber bidirectional optical interface.

[0152] In one possible implementation, the wavelength range of the third band is the same as that of the third band of the optical module in the first aspect.

[0153] In one possible implementation, the optical ringing device includes a first optical circulator. The first optical circulator includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion, a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion, and a third non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion. In a first direction of light transmission, the first optical circulator is used to receive a first-band beam T, a second-band beam T, and a third-band beam T from a wave splitter / multiplexer assembly, transmit the first-band beam T to a first wave splitter group, transmit the second-band beam T to a second wave splitter group, and transmit the third-band beam T to a third wave splitter group. In a second direction of light transmission, the first optical circulator is used to receive a first-band beam R from a first multiplexer group, receive the second-band beam R from a second multiplexer group, receive the third-band beam R from a third multiplexer group, and transmit the first-band beam R, the second-band beam R, and the third-band beam R to the wave splitter / multiplexer assembly.

[0154] In one possible implementation, the first optical circulator includes a non-reciprocal polarization rotation component, a first polarization splitter / combiner component, and a second polarization splitter / combiner component. The non-reciprocal polarization rotation component includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion, a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion, and a third non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion. The first polarization splitter / combiner component is located on the optical path between the splitter / combiner component and the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component. The second polarization splitter / combiner component is located on the optical path between the first splitter group, the second splitter group, the third splitter group, and the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component, and also on the optical path between the first combiner group, the second combiner group, the third combiner group, and the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component.

[0155] In one possible implementation, the multiple optical input interfaces further include multiple fourth optical input interfaces. The multiple optical output interfaces further include multiple fourth optical output interfaces. The multiple multiplexer groups further include a fourth multiplexer group. The multiple demultiplexer groups further include a fourth demultiplexer group. The optical ring device further includes a fourth non-reciprocal polarization rotation section, the operating band of which covers a fourth band, and the fourth non-reciprocal polarization rotation section is used to adjust the polarization direction of the beam in the fourth band. In the first transmission direction of light, the multiplexing / splitting assembly is used to split the beam received through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface into a beam T in a first band, a beam T in a second band, a beam T in a third band, and a beam T in a fourth band, and transmit the beam T in the first band, the beam T in the second band, the beam T in the third band, and the beam T in the fourth band to the optical ring device. The optical ring device is also used to transmit the beam T in the fourth band to the fourth demultiplexer group. The fourth demultiplexer group is used to split the beam T in the fourth band into multiple beams, and transmit the split multiple beams through the multiple fourth optical output interfaces. In the second direction of optical transmission, the fourth multiplexer group is used to combine multiple beams received through multiple fourth optical input interfaces into a fourth-band beam R, and then transmit the fourth-band beam R to the optical ring device. The optical ring device is also used to transmit the fourth-band beam R to the multiplexer / splitter assembly. The multiplexer / splitter assembly is used to combine the first-band beam R, the second-band beam R, the third-band beam R, and the fourth-band beam R, and then transmit the combined beam externally through a single-fiber bidirectional optical interface.

[0156] In one possible implementation, the wavelength range of the fourth band is the same as that of the fourth band of the optical module in the first aspect.

[0157] In one possible implementation, the optical ringing device includes a first optical circulator and a second optical circulator. The first optical circulator includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion and a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion. The second optical circulator includes a third non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion and a fourth non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion. In a first direction of light transmission, the first optical circulator is used to receive a first-band beam T and a second-band beam T from a wave splitter / combiner assembly, transmit the first-band beam T to a first wave splitter group, and transmit the second-band beam T to a second wave splitter group. The second optical circulator is used to receive a third-band beam T and a fourth-band beam T from the wave splitter / combiner assembly, transmit the third-band beam T to a third wave splitter group, and transmit the fourth-band beam T to a fourth wave splitter group. In a second direction of light transmission, the first optical circulator is used to receive a first-band beam R from a first wave combiner group, receive a second-band beam R from a second wave combiner group, and transmit the first-band beam R and the second-band beam R to the wave splitter / combiner assembly. The second optical circulator is used to receive the third-band beam R from the third multiplexer group, receive the fourth-band beam R from the fourth multiplexer group, and send the third-band beam R and the fourth-band beam R to the multiplexing / splitting assembly.

[0158] In one possible implementation, the optical combiner / splitter further includes a mode filter. The mode filter is located on the optical path between the combiner / splitter assembly and the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface, and is used to filter the reflected beam from the transmitted beam.

[0159] In one possible implementation, the optical splitter / combiner further includes a power divider, and multiple single-fiber bidirectional optical interfaces are provided. The power divider is located on the optical path between the splitter / combiner component and the single-fiber bidirectional optical interfaces, with its common terminal connected to the splitter / combiner component and its multiple branch terminals connected to multiple single-fiber bidirectional optical interfaces respectively. The multiple beams split by the power divider have the same wavelength and carry the same optical signal. For example, there are two single-fiber bidirectional optical interfaces.

[0160] The technical solution provided in this disclosure involves an optical splitter / combiner whose multiple single-fiber bidirectional optical interfaces are respectively connected to the single-fiber bidirectional optical interfaces of multiple optical modules of the first aspect via optical fibers, or connected to the bidirectional optical transmission components of multiple optical connectors of the second aspect. In this way, the optical splitter / combiner can send light beams to the optical modules or optical connectors via multiple optical fibers, achieving optical signal backup and enabling dual uplink protection.

[0161] Fourthly, this disclosure provides an optical component. The optical component includes an optical ring device. The optical ring device is the optical ring device of the first, second, or third aspect. The optical ring device includes one or more optical circulators.

[0162] In one possible implementation, the optical circulator includes a non-reciprocal polarization rotation component, a first polarization splitter / combiner component, and a second polarization splitter / combiner component. The non-reciprocal polarization rotation component is located in the optical path between the first and second polarization splitter / combiner components. The non-reciprocal polarization rotation component includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion and a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion, with the first and second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portions operating in different wavelength bands.

[0163] The technical solution provided in this disclosure enables an optical circulator to process two beams of different wavelengths separately by setting a non-reciprocal polarization rotation component, including a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation part and a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation part.

[0164] Furthermore, the first polarization splitter / combiner component can achieve the splitting and combining of two beams, and the second polarization splitter / combiner component can achieve the splitting and combining of two beams. Compared to placing the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation part and the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation part in two optical circulators, the technical solution provided in this disclosure only requires one first polarization splitter / combiner component and one second polarization splitter / combiner component to achieve the splitting and combining of two beams, realizing the multiplexing of polarization splitter / combiner components, saving the number of polarization splitter / combiner components, reducing costs, and also increasing the integration density of optical devices.

[0165] In one possible implementation, the optical component further includes a wave-splitting and combining component. This wave-splitting and combining component can be a first-aspect, second-aspect, or third-aspect wave-splitting and combining component.

[0166] In one possible implementation, the optical components further include a demultiplexer group and a multiplexer group. This demultiplexer group and multiplexer group can be either a first-party or third-party demultiplexer group and multiplexer group.

[0167] In one possible implementation, the optical component further includes a single-fiber bidirectional optical interface. This single-fiber bidirectional optical interface can be a first-party or a third-party single-fiber bidirectional optical interface.

[0168] In one possible implementation, the optical component also includes a second aspect of a bidirectional optical transmission component.

[0169] In one possible implementation, the optical components also include multiple optical input interfaces and multiple optical output interfaces in the third aspect.

[0170] In one possible implementation, the optical components also include multiple light input components and multiple light output components, as described in the second aspect.

[0171] In one possible implementation, the optical components also include a power divider. This power divider is a third-party power divider.

[0172] In one possible implementation, the optical component further includes a mode filter. This mode filter can be a first-aspect, second-aspect, or third-aspect mode filter.

[0173] Fifthly, this disclosure provides a communication system. The communication system includes a first communication device, a first optical module, an optical splitter / combiner, a second communication device, and a second optical module. The first optical module is the optical module described in any one of the first aspects, and the optical splitter / combiner is the optical splitter / combiner described in any one of the third aspects. The first optical module is plugged into the first communication device, and the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface of the first optical module is connected to the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface of the optical splitter / combiner via an optical fiber. The second optical module is plugged into the second communication device, and the optical transmitting port of the second optical module is connected to the optical input interface of the optical splitter / combiner via an optical fiber, and the optical receiving port of the second optical module is connected to the optical output interface of the optical splitter / combiner via an optical fiber.

[0174] The technical solution provided in this disclosure, by applying the optical module of the first aspect and the optical splitter / combiner of the third aspect in the communication system, enables the single-fiber wavelength capacity of the optical fiber between the optical module and the optical splitter / combiner to be larger, thereby improving the communication capability of the communication system and saving optical fiber resources.

[0175] In one possible implementation, the optical splitter / combiner has multiple single-fiber bidirectional optical interfaces, which are then connected to the single-fiber bidirectional optical interfaces of multiple first optical modules via multiple optical fibers. In this way, the optical splitter / combiner can send light beams to the first optical modules via multiple optical fibers, achieving optical signal backup and dual uplink protection of the optical signal.

[0176] Sixthly, this disclosure provides a communication system. The communication system includes a first communication device, a third optical module, an optical connector, an optical splitter / combiner, a second communication device, and a second optical module. The optical connector is the optical connector described in any of the second aspects. The optical splitter / combiner is the optical splitter / combiner described in any of the third aspects. The third optical module is plugged into the first communication device. The optical transmitting port of the third optical module is connected to the optical input component of the optical connector, and the optical receiving port of the third optical module is connected to the optical output component of the optical connector. The optical bidirectional transmission component of the optical connector is connected to the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface of the optical splitter / combiner via an optical fiber. The second optical module is plugged into the second communication device. The optical transmitting port of the second optical module is connected to the optical input interface of the optical splitter / combiner via an optical fiber, and the optical receiving port of the second optical module is connected to the optical output interface of the optical splitter / combiner via an optical fiber.

[0177] The technical solution provided in this disclosure, by applying the optical connector of the second aspect and the optical splitter / combiner of the third aspect in the communication system, enables the single-fiber wavelength capacity of the optical fiber between the optical connector and the optical splitter / combiner to be larger, thereby improving the communication capability of the communication system and saving optical fiber resources.

[0178] In one possible implementation, the optical splitter / combiner has multiple single-fiber bidirectional optical interfaces. These interfaces are connected to the bidirectional optical transmission components of multiple optical connectors via multiple optical fibers. This allows the optical splitter / combiner to send light beams to the optical connectors via multiple optical fibers, achieving optical signal backup and dual uplink protection. Attached Figure Description

[0179] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first communication system provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0180] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the optical transmission path of an optical module in related technologies;

[0181] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the receiving optical path of an optical module in related technologies;

[0182] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an optical module provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0183] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an optical emitting component provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0184] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a laser array and a multiplexer array provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0185] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an optical receiving component provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0186] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a detector group and a demultiplexer group provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0187] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of an optical module including multiple non-reciprocal polarization rotation portions provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0188] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a first type of optical module including two optical emitting components and two optical receiving components provided in this disclosure embodiment;

[0189] Figure 11 This is one of the embodiments provided in this disclosure. Figure 10 The diagram shows the optical transmission path of the optical module;

[0190] Figure 12 This is one of the embodiments provided in this disclosure. Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the optical receiving path of the optical module is shown;

[0191] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a second type of optical module including two optical emitting components and two optical receiving components provided in this disclosure embodiment;

[0192] Figure 14 This is one of the embodiments provided in this disclosure. Figure 14 The diagram shows the optical transmission path of the optical module;

[0193] Figure 15 This is one of the embodiments provided in this disclosure. Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the optical receiving path of the optical module is shown;

[0194] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of an optical circulator with two non-reciprocal polarization rotation portions provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0195] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of an integrated configuration of an optical circulator and a wave splitter / multiplexer assembly provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0196] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of an optical module including three optical emitting components and three optical receiving components provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0197] Figure 19 This is one of the embodiments provided in this disclosure. Figure 18 The diagram shows the optical transmission path of the optical module;

[0198] Figure 20 This is one of the embodiments provided in this disclosure. Figure 18 A schematic diagram of the optical receiving path of the optical module is shown;

[0199] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of an optical circulator with three non-reciprocal polarization rotation portions provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0200] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of an optical module including four optical emitting components and four optical receiving components provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0201] Figure 23 This is the first type provided in the embodiments of this disclosure. Figure 22 The diagram shows the optical transmission path of the optical module;

[0202] Figure 24 This is one of the embodiments provided in this disclosure. Figure 22 A schematic diagram of the optical receiving path of the optical module is shown;

[0203] Figure 25 This is the second type provided in the embodiments of this disclosure. Figure 22 The diagram shows the optical transmission path of the optical module;

[0204] Figure 26 This is the third type provided in the embodiments of this disclosure. Figure 22 The diagram shows the optical transmission path of the optical module;

[0205] Figure 27 This is a schematic diagram of an optical module with a mode filter provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0206] Figure 28 This is a schematic diagram of an optical module with multiple gold finger connectors provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0207] Figure 29 This is a schematic diagram of the first type of optical module with two electrical connectors and two gold finger connectors provided in this disclosure embodiment;

[0208] Figure 30 This is a schematic diagram of a second type of optical module with two electrical connectors and two gold finger connectors provided in this disclosure embodiment;

[0209] Figure 31 This is a schematic diagram of the first type of optical module with two horizontally arranged electrical connectors provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0210] Figure 32 This is a schematic diagram of a second type of optical module with two horizontally arranged electrical connectors provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0211] Figure 33 This is a schematic diagram of the first type of optical module with two vertically arranged electrical connectors provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0212] Figure 34 This is a schematic diagram of a second type of optical module with two vertically arranged electrical connectors provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0213] Figure 35 This is a schematic diagram of the first type of optical module with one electrical connector and two gold finger connectors provided in this disclosure embodiment;

[0214] Figure 36 This is a schematic diagram of a second type of optical module with an electrical connector and two gold finger connectors provided in this disclosure embodiment;

[0215] Figure 37 This is a schematic diagram of an optical module having an electrical connector and two horizontally arranged gold finger connectors according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0216] Figure 38 This is a schematic diagram of an optical module having an electrical connector and two vertically arranged gold finger connectors according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0217] Figure 39 This is a schematic diagram of an optical module having three electrical connectors and three gold finger connectors according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0218] Figure 40 This is a schematic diagram of the first type of optical module with three horizontally arranged electrical connectors provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0219] Figure 41 This is a schematic diagram of a second type of optical module with three horizontally arranged electrical connectors provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0220] Figure 42 This is a schematic diagram of the first type of optical module with three vertically arranged electrical connectors provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0221] Figure 43 This is a schematic diagram of a second type of optical module with three vertically arranged electrical connectors provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0222] Figure 44 This is a schematic diagram of an optical module having an electrical connector and three gold finger connectors according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0223] Figure 45 This is a schematic diagram of an optical module having an electrical connector and three horizontal rows of gold finger connectors provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0224] Figure 46 This is a schematic diagram of an optical module having an electrical connector and three vertically arranged gold finger connectors according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0225] Figure 47 This is a schematic diagram of an optical module having four electrical connectors and four gold finger connectors according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0226] Figure 48 This is a schematic diagram of the first type of optical module with four horizontally arranged electrical connectors provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0227] Figure 49 This is a schematic diagram of a second type of optical module with four horizontally arranged electrical connectors provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0228] Figure 50 This is a schematic diagram of the first type of optical module with two horizontal and two vertically arranged electrical connectors provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0229] Figure 51This is a schematic diagram of a second type of optical module with two horizontal and two vertically arranged electrical connectors provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0230] Figure 52 This is a schematic diagram of an optical module having an electrical connector and four gold finger connectors according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0231] Figure 53 This is a schematic diagram of an optical module having an electrical connector and four horizontally arranged gold finger connectors according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0232] Figure 54 This is a schematic diagram of an optical module having an electrical connector and two horizontal and two vertical gold finger connectors provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0233] Figure 55 This is a schematic diagram of an optical module with a gold finger connector provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0234] Figure 56 This is a schematic diagram of an optical module using CFP packaging provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0235] Figure 57 This is a schematic diagram of an optical module with a CFP package and a gold finger connector having two rows of high-speed signal pins, provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0236] Figure 58 This is a schematic diagram of a single row of functional signal pins provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0237] Figure 59 This is a schematic diagram of a two-row high-speed signal pin configuration provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0238] Figure 60 This is a schematic diagram of a two-row functional signal pin configuration provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0239] Figure 61 This is a schematic diagram of the first type of optical module with two gold finger connectors provided in this disclosure embodiment;

[0240] Figure 62 This is a schematic diagram of a second type of optical module with two gold finger connectors provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0241] Figure 63 This is a schematic diagram of an optical module with a CFP package and two gold finger connectors provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0242] Figure 64 This is a schematic diagram of an optical combining and splitting device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0243] Figure 65 This is a schematic diagram of the first optical combining / splitting device including two multiplexer groups and two splitter groups provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0244] Figure 66 This is a schematic diagram of a second type of optical combining / splitting device including two multiplexer groups and two splitter groups provided in this disclosure embodiment;

[0245] Figure 67 This is one of the embodiments provided in this disclosure. Figure 66 The diagram shows the optical path of the optical splitter / combiner in the first transmission direction;

[0246] Figure 68 This is one of the embodiments provided in this disclosure. Figure 66 The diagram shows the optical path of the optical splitter / combiner in the second transmission direction;

[0247] Figure 69 This is a schematic diagram of an optical combining and splitting device including three multiplexer groups and three splitter groups provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0248] Figure 70 This is a schematic diagram of an optical combining and splitting device including four multiplexer groups and four splitter groups provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0249] Figure 71 This is a schematic diagram of an optical splitter / combiner with two single-fiber bidirectional optical interfaces provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0250] Figure 72 This is a schematic diagram of a second communication system provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0251] Figure 73 This is a schematic diagram of a third communication system provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0252] Figure 74 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth communication system provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0253] Figure 75 This is a schematic diagram of an optical connector provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0254] Figure 76 This is a schematic diagram of the first type of optical connector including two optical input components and two optical output components provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0255] Figure 77 This is a schematic diagram of a second type of optical connector including two optical input components and two optical output components provided in this disclosure embodiment;

[0256] Figure 78 This is one of the embodiments provided in this disclosure. Figure 77A schematic diagram of the optical path of the optical connector in the first transmission direction is shown;

[0257] Figure 79 This is one of the embodiments provided in this disclosure. Figure 77 A schematic diagram of the optical path of the optical connector in the second transmission direction is shown;

[0258] Figure 80 This is a schematic diagram of the first type of optical connector with two horizontally arranged fiber optic connector pairs provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0259] Figure 81 This is a schematic diagram of a second type of optical connector with two horizontally arranged fiber optic connector pairs provided in this disclosure embodiment;

[0260] Figure 82 This is a schematic diagram of the first type of optical connector with two vertically arranged fiber optic connector pairs provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0261] Figure 83 This is a schematic diagram of a second type of optical connector with two vertically arranged fiber optic connector pairs provided in this disclosure embodiment;

[0262] Figure 84 This is a schematic diagram of an optical connector including three optical input components and three optical output components provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0263] Figure 85 This is a schematic diagram of the first type of optical connector with three horizontal rows of fiber optic connector pairs provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0264] Figure 86 This is a schematic diagram of a second type of optical connector with three horizontal rows of fiber optic connector pairs provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0265] Figure 87 This is a schematic diagram of the first type of optical connector with three vertically arranged fiber optic connector pairs provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0266] Figure 88 This is a schematic diagram of a second type of optical connector with three vertically arranged fiber optic connector pairs provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0267] Figure 89 This is a schematic diagram of an optical connector including four optical input components and four optical output components provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0268] Figure 90 This is a schematic diagram of the first type of optical connector with four horizontal rows of fiber optic connector pairs provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0269] Figure 91This is a schematic diagram of a second type of optical connector with four horizontal rows of fiber optic connector pairs provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0270] Figure 92 This is a schematic diagram of the first type of optical connector with two horizontal and two vertical fiber optic connector pairs provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0271] Figure 93 This is a schematic diagram of a second type of optical connector with two horizontal and two vertical fiber optic connector pairs provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0272] Figure 94 This is a schematic diagram of an optical connector with a flexible optical cable for the first type of optical input component and optical output component provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0273] Figure 95 This is a schematic diagram of an optical connector with a flexible optical cable for a second type of optical input component and optical output component provided in this disclosure embodiment;

[0274] Figure 96 This is a schematic diagram of an optical connector with a flexible optical cable for the first type of bidirectional optical transmission component provided in this disclosure embodiment;

[0275] Figure 97 This is a schematic diagram of an optical connector with a flexible optical cable for a second type of bidirectional optical transmission component provided in this disclosure embodiment;

[0276] Figure 98 This is a schematic diagram of an optical connector having an interface form for an optical input component, an optical output component, and an optical bidirectional transmission component, as provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0277] Figure 99 This is a schematic diagram of an optical connector having an interface form for an optical input component, an optical output component, and an optical bidirectional transmission component, provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0278] Figure 100 This is a schematic diagram of the fifth communication system provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0279] Figure 101 This is a schematic diagram of the sixth communication system provided in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0280] Legend

[0281] 100. First communication equipment;

[0282] 200. First optical module;

[0283] 1. Electrical connection components; 11. Gold finger connector; 111. Functional signal pin; 112. High-speed signal pin;

[0284] 2. Optical emitting components, 2a. First optical emitting component, 2b. Second optical emitting component, 2c. Third optical emitting component, 2d. Fourth optical emitting component, 21. Laser group, 21a. First laser group, 21b. Second laser group, 21c. Third laser group, 21d. Fourth laser group, 211. Laser, 22. Multiplexer group, 22a. First multiplexer group, 22b. Second multiplexer group, 22c. Third multiplexer group, 22d. Fourth multiplexer group, 221. First-stage multiplexer, 222. Second-stage multiplexer;

[0285] 3. Optical receiving component, 3a. First optical receiving component, 3b. Second optical receiving component, 3c. Third optical receiving component, 3d. Fourth optical receiving component, 31. Detector group, 31a. First detector group, 31b. Second detector group, 31c. Third detector group, 31d. Fourth detector group, 311. Detector, 32. Demultiplexer group, 32a. First demultiplexer group, 32b. Second demultiplexer group, 32c. Third demultiplexer group, 32d. Fourth demultiplexer group, 321. First-level demultiplexer, 322. Second-level demultiplexer;

[0286] 4. Optical ring device; 40. Optical circulator; 40a. First optical circulator; 40b. Second optical circulator; 41. Non-reciprocal polarization rotation component; 410. Non-reciprocal polarization rotation section; 410a. First non-reciprocal polarization rotation section; 410b. Second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section; 410c. Third non-reciprocal polarization rotation section; 410d. Fourth non-reciprocal polarization rotation section; 411. Half-wave plate; 412. Faraday rotator; 412a. The first... 412b, 412c, 412d, 412d, 412c, 412d, 412d, 42, 42, 42, 42a, 42b, 42c, 422, 423, 424, 425, 426, 427, 428, 429, 420, 421, 422, 422, 43, 430, 43a, 43b, 431, 432, 433, 432, 433, 434, 435, 436, 437, 438, 439, 432, 433, 434, 435, 436, 437, 438, 439, 432, 433, 434, 435, 436, 437, 438, 439, 432, 433, 434, 435, 436, 437, 438, 439, 431 ...

[0287] 5. Wave splitter / combiner assembly; 5a. First wave splitter / combiner assembly; 5b. Second wave splitter / combiner assembly; 50. Prism; 51. Filter; 52. Reflector element;

[0288] 6. Single-fiber bidirectional optical interface;

[0289] 7. Mode filter;

[0290] 8. Optical interface section;

[0291] 9. Electrical connector;

[0292] 300. Optical splitter / combiner; 301. Optical input interface; 301a. First optical input interface; 301b. Second optical input interface; 301c. Third optical input interface; 301d. Fourth optical input interface; 302. Optical output interface; 302a. First optical output interface; 302b. Second optical output interface; 302c. Third optical output interface; 302d. Fourth optical output interface; 303. Power divider;

[0293] 400. Second communication equipment;

[0294] 500. Second optical module;

[0295] 600, Optical connector; 601, Optical input component; 601a, First optical input component; 601b, Second optical input component; 601c, Third optical input component; 601d, Fourth optical input component; 602, Optical output component; 602a, First optical output component; 602b, Second optical output component; 602c, Third optical output component; 602d, Fourth optical output component; 603, Connector body; 604, Bidirectional optical transmission component;

[0296] 700, Third optical module;

[0297] λa, first band; λb, second band; λc, third band; λd, fourth band. Detailed Implementation

[0298] like Figure 1 As shown, this disclosure provides a communication system. The communication system includes a first communication device 100, a first optical module 200, an optical splitter / combiner 300, a second communication device 400, and a second optical module 500. Both the first optical module 200 and the optical splitter / combiner 300 have a single-fiber bidirectional optical interface. The first optical module 200 is plugged into the first communication device 100, and the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface of the first optical module 200 is connected to the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface of the optical splitter / combiner 300 via an optical fiber. The first optical module 200 can transmit and receive light beams through the same optical fiber.

[0299] The second optical module 500 is plugged into the second communication device 400, and the optical transmitting port of the second optical module 500 is connected to the optical input interface of the optical splitter / combiner 300 through an optical fiber, and the optical receiving port of the second optical module 500 is connected to the optical output interface of the optical splitter / combiner 300 through an optical fiber.

[0300] In some examples, the first communication device 100 and the second communication device 400 are switches. For example, if the first communication device 100 is a core point (CP) switch and the second communication device 400 is an access point (AP) switch, then the first optical module 200 is a CP optical module or a central office optical module, and the second optical module 500 is an AP optical module or a terminal optical module.

[0301] During the process of the first communication device 100 transmitting signals to multiple second communication devices 400, the first communication device 100 sends multiple electrical signals to the first optical module 200. The first optical module 200 converts and combines the multiple electrical signals into a beam T, and transmits the beam T to the optical splitter / combiner 300 through a single-fiber bidirectional optical interface. The optical splitter / combiner 300 splits the beam T into multiple beams, and transmits each split beam to its corresponding second optical module 500 through an optical output interface. The second optical module 500 converts the received beams into electrical signals and transmits them to the second communication devices 400.

[0302] During the process of multiple second communication devices 400 transmitting signals to the first communication device 100, the second communication devices 400 transmit electrical signals to the second optical modules 500. The second optical modules 500 convert the electrical signals into light beams and transmit them to the optical input interface of the optical combiner / splitter 300. The light beams transmitted by each second optical module 500 have different wavelengths. The optical combiner / splitter 300 combines the received multiple light beams into a single beam R and transmits beam R to the first optical module 200 via a single-fiber bidirectional optical interface. The first optical module 200 splits beam R and converts it into multiple electrical signals, which are then transmitted to the first communication device 100.

[0303] For the aforementioned communication system, the more wavelengths the beam transmitted by the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface of the first optical module 200 covers, the more optical signals the beam can carry, and the greater the communication capacity of the communication system. Therefore, how to expand the wavelength range of the beam transmitted by the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface, that is, how to expand the single-fiber wavelength capacity, is a key technical issue.

[0304] In related technologies, there are two types of optical modules with single-fiber bidirectional optical interfaces. The first type of optical module uses different wavelengths for its transmitting and receiving beams, while the second type uses the same wavelength for both. Given a fixed total number of wavelengths, the single-fiber wavelength capacity of the second type of optical module is theoretically twice that of the first type.

[0305] For example, please refer to Table 1, which shows the eighteen coarse wavelength division multiplexer (CWDM) bands specified by the International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunications Standardization Sector (ITU-T). Theoretically, the first type of optical module can transmit a beam T covering a maximum of nine CWDM bands, and receive a beam R covering a maximum of nine other CWDM bands. The second type of optical module, however, can transmit a beam T and receive a beam R that covers a maximum of eighteen CWDM bands.

[0306] Table 1

[0307] Serial Number center wavelength 1 1271nm 2 1291nm 3 1311nm 4 1331nm 5 1351nm 6 1371nm 7 1391nm 8 1411nm 9 1431nm 10 1451nm 11 1471nm 12 1491nm 13 1511nm 14 1531nm 15 1551nm 16 1571nm 17 1591nm 18 1611nm

[0308] As can be seen, the second type of optical module has a higher upper limit for single-fiber wavelength capacity. The second type of optical module will be described in more detail below.

[0309] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the transmitting optical path of the second type of optical module described above is shown. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the receiving optical path of the second type of optical module described above is shown. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the optical module includes an optical emitting component 2, an optical receiving component 3, an optical circulator 40, and a single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6. The optical circulator 40 includes a non-reciprocal polarization rotation component 41, a first polarization splitter / combiner component 42, and a second polarization splitter / combiner component 43. The non-reciprocal polarization rotation component 41 includes a half-wave plate 411 and a Faraday rotator 412. The half-wave plate 411 is used to rotate the polarization direction of the incident light beam by 45° in the positive direction (independent of the incident direction), while the Faraday rotator 412 is used to rotate the polarization direction of the light beam incident from the optical emitting component 2 by 45° in the positive direction and to rotate the polarization direction of the light beam incident from the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6 by 45° in the negative direction. The first polarization splitter / combiner component 42 includes a first polarization beam splitter 421 and a first reflective element 422, and the second polarization splitter / combiner component 43 includes a second polarization beam splitter 431 and a second reflective element 432.

[0310] To facilitate the distinction between beams of different polarization states, the beam of the first polarization state is referred to as P-beam, and the beam of the second polarization state is referred to as S-beam. The polarization directions of P-beam and S-beam are orthogonal. P-beam is represented by vertical or horizontal lines in the attached diagram, and S-beam is represented by dots. Furthermore, it is assumed that both the first polarization beam splitter 421 and the second polarization beam splitter 431 are used to transmit P-beam and reflect S-beam.

[0311] like Figure 2 As shown, in the optical transmission path of the optical module, the optical transmitting component 2 sends a beam T to the first polarization beam splitter 421, and the beam T is polarized and split into S-beam and P-beam by the first polarization beam splitter 421.

[0312] The split P-beam is transmitted by the first polarizing beam splitter 421 to the Faraday rotator 412. After passing through the first Faraday rotator 412, the polarization direction of the P-beam rotates 45° in the positive direction, and then after passing through the half-wave plate 411, the polarization direction rotates another 45° in the positive direction, becoming the S-beam. The S-beam is reflected by the second reflecting element 432 to the second polarizing beam splitter 431.

[0313] The separated S-beam is reflected by the first polarization beam splitter 421 to the first reflecting element 422, which then reflects the S-beam towards the Faraday rotator 412. After passing through the Faraday rotator 412, the S-beam's polarization direction is rotated 45° in the positive direction. After passing through the half-wave plate 411, the polarization direction is rotated 45° in the positive direction, becoming the P-beam. The P-beam is then incident on the second polarization beam splitter 431.

[0314] The second polarization beam splitter 431 receives P-light and S-light at the same position, and combines the P-light and S-light into beam T by transmitting the P-light and reflecting the S-light. Then, the beam T is transmitted externally through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6.

[0315] like Figure 3 As shown, in the receiving optical path of the optical module, the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6 sends the received beam R to the second polarization beam splitter 431, and the second polarization beam splitter 431 splits the beam R into S-beam and P-beam.

[0316] The split P-beam is transmitted through the second polarizing beam splitter 431 to the half-wave plate 411. After passing through the half-wave plate 411, the polarization direction of the P-beam rotates 45° in the positive direction. After passing through the Faraday rotator 412, the polarization direction rotates 45° in the negative direction, becoming P-beam again. The P-beam is incident on the first reflecting element 422 and reflected by the first reflecting element 422 back to the first polarizing beam splitter 421.

[0317] The separated S-beam is reflected by the second polarization beam splitter 431 to the second reflecting element 432, which then reflects the S-beam towards the half-wave plate 411. After passing through the half-wave plate 411, the S-beam's polarization direction rotates 45° in the positive direction, and after passing through the Faraday rotator 412, its polarization direction rotates 45° in the negative direction, becoming S-beam again. The S-beam is then incident on the first polarization beam splitter 421.

[0318] The first polarization beam splitter 421 receives P-light and S-light at the same position, and combines P-light and S-light into beam T by transmitting P-light and reflecting S-light. Beam T is transmitted toward the light receiving component 3.

[0319] As can be seen from the above, the light beam T emitted by the optical emitting component 2 enters the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6 after passing through the optical circulator 40, while the light beam R emitted from the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6 does not enter the optical emitting component 2 after passing through the optical circulator 40, but instead enters the optical receiving component 3. That is, the optical circulator 40 is a non-reciprocal optical device. Non-reciprocity refers to the characteristic that a light beam cannot return along the original path after passing through the optical system (i.e., the optical circulator 40) in one direction. The cause of non-reciprocity is the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component 41, and more specifically, the Faraday rotator 412 rotates the polarization of light beams incident from different directions in different directions.

[0320] Theoretically, expanding the wavelength range of beams T and R allows for an expansion of the single-fiber wavelength capacity. However, the Faraday rotator 412 adjusts the polarization direction of the beam by applying a magnetic field. Since different wavelengths of light have different sensitivities to magnetic fields, the wavelength range of one beam incident on the optical circulator 40 cannot be too wide; otherwise, the Faraday rotator 412 of the optical circulator 40 cannot effectively process (or effectively adjust the polarization direction) certain wavelengths. For ease of description, the upper limit of the wavelength range of one beam incident on the optical circulator 40 is referred to as the upper wavelength range. The upper wavelength range limits the expansion of the single-fiber wavelength capacity, preventing the single-fiber wavelength capacity of optical modules in related technologies from exceeding this upper wavelength range. For example, the beam transmitted via the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface of an optical module using the optical circulator 40 in related technologies typically only covers four CWDM bands.

[0321] In view of the above-mentioned technical problems, this disclosure provides an optical module. The optical module includes multiple optical emitting components 2, multiple optical receiving components 3, an optical ringing device 4 (including one or more optical circulators 40), and a multiplexing / splitting component 5. Multiple narrow-band light beams are input to the optical ringing device 4, while the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6 of the optical module transmits a wide-band light beam resulting from the multiple narrow-band light beams being combined. Thus, by setting the optical ringing device 4 to process multiple light beams of different bands separately, the wavelength range of light beams that the optical ringing device 4 can handle is expanded, thereby expanding the single-fiber wavelength capacity of the optical module. The optical module provided in this disclosure will now be described by way of example.

[0322] like Figure 4As shown, the optical module includes an electrical connection component 1, multiple optical transmitting components 2, multiple optical receiving components 3, an optical ring device 4, a multiplexer / splitter assembly 5, and a single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6. The electrical connection component 1 is electrically connected to the multiple optical transmitting components 2 and the multiple optical receiving components 3, and is used for electrical connection with communication equipment. In the optical transmission direction, each optical transmitting component 2 transmits one optical beam T to the optical ring device 4, and the optical beam T transmitted by different optical transmitting components 2 has a different wavelength. The optical ring device 4 transmits multiple optical beams T of different wavelengths to the multiplexer / splitter assembly 5. The multiplexer / splitter assembly 5 combines the multiple optical beams T and transmits them externally through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6. In the optical receiving direction, the multiplexer / splitter assembly 5 splits the optical beam received through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6 into multiple optical beams R of different wavelengths and transmits the multiple optical beams R of different wavelengths to the optical ring device 4. The optical ring device 4 transmits one optical beam R to each optical receiving component 3.

[0323] The optical module is the first optical module 200 mentioned above. The optical ring device 4 includes one or more optical circulators 40. The beam T refers to the beam emitted by the optical emitting component 2, and the beam R refers to the beam split from the beam received through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6.

[0324] The technical solution provided in this disclosure transmits multiple beams of different wavelengths in the optical ring device 4 of the optical module. Since these multiple beams have different transmission paths in the optical ring device 4, the optical ring device 4 can process each of these beams separately, for example, by applying different magnetic fields along the transmission paths of the beams of different wavelengths. In this way, although the wavelength range of each beam still cannot exceed the upper limit wavelength range, the wavelength range of the beam after combining the multiple beams, that is, the wavelength range of the beam transmitted by the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6, can exceed the upper limit wavelength range. This disclosure expands the wavelength range of beams that the optical ring device 4 can process by separately processing multiple beams of different wavelengths, thereby expanding the single-fiber wavelength capacity of the optical module.

[0325] Assuming that the wavelength range of each beam incident on the optical ring device 4 is the upper limit wavelength range, and that there are N optical paths incident on the optical ring device 4, then the wavelength range of the beams that the optical ring device 4 can process is equal to N multiplied by the upper limit wavelength range.

[0326] The wavelength ranges of beams T, R, and transmitted via the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6 will be described below by way of example.

[0327] In some examples, the wavelength range of each beam T and each beam R is less than 170 nm.

[0328] In some examples, the wavelength range of each beam T and each beam R covers a maximum of eight CWDM bands. For instance, the wavelength range of each beam T and each beam R covers four CWDM bands.

[0329] The technical solution provided in this disclosure provides that by setting the wavelength range of each beam T and each beam R to be less than 170nm or to cover a maximum of eight CWDM bands, the wavelength range of each beam T and each beam R is narrow (less than the upper limit wavelength range), so that the optical ring device 4 can effectively process each beam T and each beam R.

[0330] In some examples, the wavelength range of the beam transmitted by the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6 is greater than 200 nm.

[0331] In some examples, the wavelength range of the beam transmitted by the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6 covers at least ten CWDM bands.

[0332] In some examples, the wavelength range of the beam transmitted by the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6 covers sixteen CWDM bands.

[0333] The technical solution provided in this disclosure expands the single-fiber wavelength capacity of the optical module by setting the wavelength range of the beam transmitted through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6 to be greater than 200nm or to cover at least ten CWDM bands.

[0334] The implementation of the light emitting component 2 will be illustrated below.

[0335] In some examples, the optical emitting component 2 includes a laser 211, in which case the optical emitting component 2 sends a single-band beam T to the optical ring device 4.

[0336] In other examples, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the optical emitting assembly 2 includes a laser group 21 and a multiplexer group 22. The laser group 21 includes multiple lasers 211. The multiplexer group 22 is used to combine the multiple single-band beams emitted by the laser group 21 into a single composite-band beam T, which is then sent to the optical ring device 4. By combining the beams emitted by the laser group 21 before sending them to the optical ring device 4, the number of beams T received by the optical ring device 4 can be avoided, which helps to reduce the size and manufacturing difficulty of the optical ring device 4.

[0337] In some examples, each laser 211 is used to transmit a beam in the CWDM band.

[0338] In some examples, such as Figure 6As shown, laser group 21 includes four lasers 211. In other examples, laser group 21 includes eight lasers 211.

[0339] In some examples, such as Figure 5 As shown, the multiple optical emitting components 2 include a first optical emitting component 2a, a second optical emitting component 2b, a third optical emitting component 2c, and a fourth optical emitting component 2d. The first optical emitting component 2a includes a first laser group 21a and a first multiplexer group 22a. The first multiplexer group 22a is used to combine multiple single-band (λ1…λn) beams emitted by the first laser group 21a into a first-band beam T, and then transmit the first-band beam T to the optical ring device 4. The second optical emitting component 2b includes a second laser group 21b and a second multiplexer group 22b. The second multiplexer group 22b is used to combine multiple single-band (λn+1…λ2n) beams emitted by the second laser group 21b into a second-band beam T, and then transmit the second-band beam T to the optical ring device 4. The third optical emitting component 2c includes a third laser group 21c and a third multiplexer group 22c. The third combiner group 22c is used to combine the multiple single-band (λ2n+1……λ3n) beams emitted by the third laser group 21c into a third-band beam T, and then transmit the third-band beam T to the optical ring device 4. The fourth optical emitting component 2d includes the fourth laser group 21d and the fourth combiner group 22d. The fourth combiner group 22d is used to combine the multiple single-band (λ3n+1……λ4n) beams emitted by the fourth laser group 21d into a fourth-band beam T, and then transmit the fourth-band beam T to the optical ring device 4. In the accompanying drawings, λa represents the first band, λb represents the second band, λc represents the third band, and λd represents the fourth band.

[0340] In other examples, the plurality of light emitting components 2 may include only any two or three of the first light emitting component 2a, the second light emitting component 2b, the third light emitting component 2c, and the fourth light emitting component 2d.

[0341] This disclosure does not limit the implementation of the multiplexer group 22. In some examples, the multiplexer group 22 includes a single multiplexer. In other examples, the multiplexer group 22 includes multiple multiplexers. For example, as... Figure 6 As shown, the multiplexer group 22 includes two primary multiplexers 221 and one secondary multiplexer 222. Each primary multiplexer 221 is used to combine single-band beams emitted by at least two lasers 211 and send the combined beam to the secondary multiplexer 222. The secondary multiplexer 222 is used to combine the beams emitted by the two primary multiplexers 221 into a beam T, and send the beam T to the optical ring device 4.

[0342] The implementation of the optical receiving component 3 will be described below by way of example.

[0343] In some examples, the optical receiving component 3 includes a detector 311, and the optical ring device 4 sends a single-band light beam R to the optical receiving component 3.

[0344] In other examples, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the optical receiving assembly 3 includes a detector group 31 and a demultiplexer group 32. The detector group 31 includes multiple detectors 311. The demultiplexer group 32 is used to split the single composite band beam R transmitted by the optical ring device 4 into multiple single band beams, and send the corresponding beams to each detector 311. This design avoids receiving too many beams R from the optical ring device 4, which helps to reduce the size and manufacturing difficulty of the optical ring device 4.

[0345] In some examples, each detector 311 is used to receive a beam in one CWDM band.

[0346] In some examples, detector group 31 includes four detectors 311. In other examples, detector group 31 includes eight detectors 311.

[0347] In some examples, such as Figure 7 As shown, the multiple optical receiving components 3 include a first optical receiving component 3a, a second optical receiving component 3b, a third optical receiving component 3c, and a fourth optical receiving component 3d. The first optical receiving component 3a includes a first detector group 31a and a first demultiplexer group 32a. The first demultiplexer group 32a is used to demultiplex the first-band beam R transmitted by the optical ring device 4 into multiple single-band beams (λ1…λn), and transmit one single-band beam to each detector 311 in the first detector group 31a. The second optical receiving component 3b includes a second detector group 31b and a second demultiplexer group 32b. The second demultiplexer group 32b is used to demultiplex the second-band beam R transmitted by the optical ring device 4 into multiple single-band beams (λn+1…λ2n), and transmit one single-band beam to each detector 311 in the second detector group 31b. The third optical receiving component 3c includes a third detector group 31c and a third demultiplexer group 32c. The third demultiplexer group 32c is used to demultiplex the third-band beam R transmitted by the optical ring device 4 into multiple single-band beams (λ2n+1...λ3n), and send one single-band beam to each detector 311 in the third detector group 31c. The fourth optical receiving component 3d includes a fourth detector group 31d and a fourth demultiplexer group 32d. The fourth demultiplexer group 32d is used to demultiplex the fourth-band beam R transmitted by the optical ring device 4 into multiple single-band beams (λ3n+1...λ4n), and send one single-band beam to each detector 311 in the fourth detector group 31d.

[0348] In other examples, the plurality of optical receiving components 3 may include only any two or three of the first optical receiving component 3a, the second optical receiving component 3b, the third optical receiving component 3c, and the fourth optical receiving component 3d.

[0349] This disclosure does not limit the implementation of the demultiplexer group 32. In some examples, the demultiplexer group 32 includes a single demultiplexer. In other examples, the demultiplexer group 32 includes multiple demultiplexers. For example, as... Figure 8 As shown, the demultiplexer group 32 includes one primary demultiplexer 321 and two secondary demultiplexers 322. The primary demultiplexer 321 is used to split the single beam R transmitted by the optical ring device 4 into two beams, and transmit the two beams to the two secondary demultiplexers 322 respectively. Each secondary demultiplexer 322 is used to split the received single beam R into multiple single-band beams, and transmit them to the corresponding detector 311 respectively.

[0350] In some examples, the multiplexer and demultiplexer described above are spatial wavelength division multiplexers. In other examples, the multiplexer and demultiplexer described above are waveguide-type wavelength division multiplexers.

[0351] In some examples, the aforementioned multiplexer, splitter, and optical ring device 4 are connected via spatial coupling methods such as lenses and collimators.

[0352] In other examples, the multiplexer, demultiplexer, and optical ring device 4 are connected via optical fiber. The beam emitted by the multiplexer is coupled into the optical fiber through a lens, and after transmission through a section of optical fiber, it enters the optical ring device 4. The beam emitted by the optical ring device is coupled into the optical fiber through a lens, and after transmission through a section of optical fiber, it enters the demultiplexer.

[0353] The implementation of the optical ring device 4 will be described below by way of example.

[0354] In some examples, in order for the optical ring device 4 to effectively process multiple beams of different wavelengths, such as Figure 9 As shown, the optical ring device 4 includes multiple sets of non-reciprocal polarization rotation sections 410. The multiple sets of non-reciprocal polarization rotation sections 410 operate in different wavelengths, and their operating wavelengths respectively cover the wavelengths of multiple beams T (or multiple beams R). Thus, each beam incident on the optical ring device 4 is processed by a corresponding set of non-reciprocal polarization rotation sections 410. Each set of non-reciprocal polarization rotation sections 410 includes one or two non-reciprocal polarization rotation sections 410.

[0355] In some examples, the magnetic fields of the multiple sets of non-reciprocal polarization rotation portions 410 are different. For example, different sets of non-reciprocal polarization rotation portions 410 include different Faraday rotators 412.

[0356] In some examples, multiple sets of non-reciprocal polarization rotation portions 410 are located on the same optical circulator 40.

[0357] In other examples, multiple sets of non-reciprocal polarization rotation portions 410 are located on multiple optical circulators 40.

[0358] The structure of the optical ring device 4 and the transmitting and receiving optical paths of the optical module will be described below by way of example, taking into account the specific number of optical transmitting components 2 and optical receiving components 3.

[0359] (1) In some examples, such as Figure 10 - Figure 15 As shown, the plurality of optical emitting components 2 include a first optical emitting component 2a and a second optical emitting component 2b. The plurality of optical receiving components 3 include a first optical receiving component 3a and a second optical receiving component 3b.

[0360] like Figure 11 or Figure 14 As shown, in the light transmission direction, the first light emitting component 2a is directed towards the light ring device 4 ( Figure 11 The first optical circulator 40a and the second optical circulator 40b are shown in the middle. Figure 14 The first optical circulator 40a) transmits a first-band beam T. The second optical emitting component 2b transmits a second-band beam T to the optical circulator 4. The optical circulator 4 processes the first-band beam T and the second-band beam T, and then transmits both beams to the multiplexing / splitter 5. The multiplexing / splitter 5 combines the first-band beam T and the second-band beam T, and transmits the combined beam externally through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6.

[0361] like Figure 12 or Figure 15 As shown, in the optical receiving direction, the multiplexing / splitter assembly 5 splits the light beam received through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6 into a first-band beam R and a second-band beam R, and sends the first-band beam R and the second-band beam R to the optical ring device 4. After processing the first-band beam R and the second-band beam R, the optical ring device 4 sends the first-band beam R to the first optical receiving assembly 3a and the second-band beam R to the second optical receiving assembly 3b.

[0362] In some examples, in order for the optical ring device 4 to effectively process both the first-band and second-band beams, such as Figure 11 - Figure 12 as well as Figure 14 and Figure 15As shown, the optical ring device 4 includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410a and a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410b. The first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410a operates in a wavelength band covering a first wavelength band and is used to adjust the polarization direction of the beam in the first wavelength band. The second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410b operates in a wavelength band covering a second wavelength band and is used to adjust the polarization direction of the beam in the second wavelength band.

[0363] The first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410a is located on the transmission path of the two polarization states of the beam split from the beam in the first band, and is used to perform a first adjustment on the polarization direction of the two polarization states of the beam split from beam T, and a second adjustment on the polarization direction of the two polarization states of the beam split from beam R. The second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410b is located on the transmission path of the two polarization states of the beam split from the beam in the second band, and is used to perform a first adjustment on the polarization direction of the two polarization states of the beam split from beam T, and a second adjustment on the polarization direction of the two polarization states of the beam split from beam R. The first adjustment and the second adjustment are different; for example, one of the first adjustment and the second adjustment is to rotate the polarization direction of the beam by 90°, and the other is to keep the polarization direction of the beam unchanged.

[0364] In some examples, such as Figure 10 - Figure 12 As shown, the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410a and the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410b are respectively located in two optical circulators 40. For example, the optical circulator device 4 includes a first optical circulator 40a and a second optical circulator 40b. The first optical circulator 40a includes the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410a. The second optical circulator 40b includes the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410b.

[0365] like Figure 11 As shown, in the light transmission direction, the first optical circulator 40a receives a first-band light beam T from the first optical emitting component 2a and transmits the first-band light beam T to the wave splitter / combiner component 5. The second optical circulator 40b receives a second-band light beam T from the second optical emitting component 2b and transmits the second-band light beam T to the wave splitter / combiner component 5. Figure 12 As shown, in the light receiving direction, the first optical circulator 40a receives a first-band beam R from the wave splitter / combiner 5 and transmits the first-band beam R to the first optical receiver 3a. The second optical circulator 40b receives a second-band beam R from the wave splitter / combiner 5 and transmits the second-band beam R to the second optical receiver 3b.

[0366] In other examples, such as Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown, the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410a and the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410b are located in the same optical circulator 40 (first optical circulator 40a).

[0367] like Figure 14 As shown, in the light transmission direction, the first optical circulator 40a receives a first-band light beam T from the first optical emitting component 2a, receives a second-band light beam T from the second optical emitting component 2b, and transmits the first-band light beam T and the second-band light beam T to the wave splitter / combiner component 5. Figure 15 As shown, in the light receiving direction, the first optical circulator 40a receives the first band beam R and the second band beam R from the wave splitter / combiner 5, sends the first band beam R to the first optical receiver 3a, and sends the second band beam R to the second optical receiver 3b.

[0368] The technical solution provided in this disclosure, by configuring the first optical circulator 40a to include a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410a and a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410b, enables a single optical circulator 40 to process two beams of different wavelengths accordingly. This reduces the number of optical circulators 40 required for the optical module, thereby lowering the module's size and cost.

[0369] In some examples, such as Figure 14 - Figure 16 As shown, the first optical circulator 40a includes a non-reciprocal polarization rotation component 41, a first polarization splitting and combining component 42, and a second polarization splitting and combining component 43. The non-reciprocal polarization rotation component 41 includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410a and a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410b. The first polarization splitting and combining component 42 is located on the optical path between the first light emitting component 2a, the second light emitting component 2b, and the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component 41, and also on the optical path between the first light receiving component 3a, the second light receiving component 3b, and the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component 41. The second polarization splitting and combining component 43 is located on the optical path between the splitting and combining component 5 and the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component 41.

[0370] Compared to placing the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410a and the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410b in two optical circulators 40, the technical solution provided by the embodiments of this disclosure only requires one first polarization splitting and combining optical component 42 and one second polarization splitting and combining optical component 43 to achieve the splitting and combining of two beams. This realizes the reuse of polarization splitting and combining optical components, saves the number of polarization splitting and combining optical components, reduces costs, and also improves the integration density of optical devices.

[0371] In some examples, such as Figure 16As shown, the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component 41 includes a half-wave plate 411, a first Faraday rotator 412a, and a second Faraday rotator 412b. The first Faraday rotator 412a and a portion of the half-wave plate 411 form a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410a, and the second Faraday rotator 412b and a portion of the half-wave plate 411 form a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410b. The operating wavelength of the first Faraday rotator 412a covers a first wavelength band, and the operating wavelength of the second Faraday rotator 412b covers a second wavelength band.

[0372] In some examples, such as Figure 14 - Figure 16 As shown, the first optical circulator 40a includes two first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portions 410a and two second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portions 410b, which are arranged alternately. The two first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portions 410a are respectively used to receive beams of two polarization states split from a beam in the first band, and the two second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portions 410b are respectively used to receive beams of two polarization states split from a beam in the second band.

[0373] This disclosure does not limit the arrangement of the half-wave plate 411 and the Faraday rotator 412. In some examples, such as Figure 16 As shown, the half-wave plate 411 is located in the optical path between the Faraday rotator 412 and the second polarization splitter / combiner component 43. In other examples, the half-wave plate 411 is located in the optical path between the Faraday rotator 412 and the first polarization splitter / combiner component 42 (e.g., Figure 11 and Figure 12 (As shown).

[0374] The first polarization splitter / combiner component 42 and the second polarization splitter / combiner component 43 will be described below by way of example.

[0375] In some examples, such as Figure 14 As shown, in the light transmission direction, the first polarization splitting and combining optical component 42 is used to polarize and split the first-band beam T and the second-band beam T, sending the two polarization states of the split first-band beam T to the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410a, and sending the two polarization states of the split second-band beam T to the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410b. The second polarization splitting and combining optical component 43 is used to combine the two polarization states of the beam sent by the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410a into the first-band beam T, and combine the two polarization states of the beam sent by the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410b into the second-band beam T, and send the first-band beam T and the second-band beam T to the splitting and combining optical component 5.

[0376] like Figure 15As shown, in the light receiving direction, the second polarization splitting and combining optical component 43 is used to polarize and split the first-band beam R and the second-band beam R, sending the two polarization states of the split first-band beam R to the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410a, and sending the two polarization states of the split second-band beam R to the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410b. The first polarization splitting and combining optical component 42 is used to combine the two polarization states of the beam sent by the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410a into the first-band beam R, combine the two polarization states of the beam sent by the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410b into the second-band beam R, send the first-band beam R to the first light receiving component 3a, and send the second-band beam R to the second light receiving component 3b.

[0377] In some examples, such as Figure 14 - Figure 16 As shown, the first polarization beam splitter / combiner assembly 42 includes a first polarization beam splitter 421 and a first reflective element 422. The second polarization beam splitter / combiner assembly 43 includes a second polarization beam splitter 431 and a second reflective element 432.

[0378] In some examples, such as Figure 17 As shown, the first polarization beam splitter / combiner assembly 42 includes a first prism 42a, a second prism 42b, and a first reflective element 422. The first prism 42a and the second prism 42b are bonded together, and a first polarization beam splitter 421 is formed between the first prism 42a and the second prism 42b. The first reflective element 422 is bonded to the second prism 42b.

[0379] In some examples, such as Figure 17 As shown, the second polarization beam splitter 43 includes a third prism 43a, a fourth prism 43b, and a second reflective element 432. The third prism 43a and the fourth prism 43b are bonded together, and a second polarization beam splitter 431 is formed between the third prism 43a and the fourth prism 43b. The second reflective element 432 is bonded to the fourth prism 43b.

[0380] The following provides a more detailed illustrative description of the transmitting and receiving optical paths of the optical module.

[0381] like Figure 14 And refer to Figure 17 As shown, in the light transmission direction, the first light emitting component 2a transmits a first-band light beam T to the first polarization beam splitter 421. The second light emitting component 2b transmits a second-band light beam T to the first polarization beam splitter 421.

[0382] The first-band beam T is polarized and split into S-beams and P-beams by the first polarizing beam splitter 421. The P-beam from the first-band beam T is transmitted by the first polarizing beam splitter 421 to the first reflecting element 422. The first reflecting element 422 reflects the P-beam to the first Faraday rotator 412a. After passing through the first Faraday rotator 412a, the P-beam's polarization direction rotates 45° in the positive direction, and after passing through the half-wave plate 411, its polarization direction rotates another 45° in the positive direction, becoming S-beams. The S-beams are incident on the second polarizing beam splitter 431. The S-beam from the first-band beam T is reflected by the first polarizing beam splitter 421 to the first Faraday rotator 412a. After passing through the first Faraday rotator 412a, its polarization direction rotates 45° in the positive direction, and after passing through the half-wave plate 411, its polarization direction rotates another 45° in the positive direction, becoming P-beams. The P-beam is incident on the second reflecting element 432 and reflected by the second reflecting element 432 to the second polarization beam splitter 431. The second polarization beam splitter 431 receives the P-beam and the S-beam at the same position, and combines the P-beam and the S-beam into a first-band beam T by transmitting the P-beam and reflecting the S-beam. Then, the first-band beam T is sent to the beam splitter / combiner assembly 5.

[0383] The second-band beam T is polarized and split into S-beams and P-beams by the first polarizing beam splitter 421. The P-beam from the second-band beam T is transmitted through the first polarizing beam splitter 421 to the first reflecting element 422. The first reflecting element 422 reflects the P-beam to the second Faraday rotator 412b. After passing through the second Faraday rotator 412b, the P-beam's polarization direction rotates 45° in the positive direction, and after passing through the half-wave plate 411, its polarization direction rotates another 45° in the positive direction, becoming S-beams. The S-beams are incident on the second polarizing beam splitter 431. The S-beam from the second-band beam T is reflected by the first polarizing beam splitter 421 to the second Faraday rotator 412b. After passing through the second Faraday rotator 412b, its polarization direction rotates 45° in the positive direction, and after passing through the half-wave plate 411, its polarization direction rotates another 45° in the positive direction, becoming P-beams. The P-beam is incident on the second reflecting element 432 and reflected by the second reflecting element 432 to the second polarization beam splitter 431. The second polarization beam splitter 431 receives the P-beam and the S-beam at the same position, and combines the P-beam and the S-beam into a second-band beam T by transmitting the P-beam and reflecting the S-beam. Then, the second-band beam T is sent to the beam splitter / combiner assembly 5.

[0384] like Figure 15 And refer to Figure 17 As shown, in the optical receiving direction, the beam splitter / combiner 5 splits the beam received through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6 into a first-band beam R and a second-band beam R, and sends the first-band beam R and the second-band beam R to the second polarization beam splitter 431.

[0385] The first-band beam R is polarized and split into S-beams and P-beams by the second polarization beam splitter 431. The P-beam from the first-band beam R is transmitted through the second polarization beam splitter 431 to the second reflector 432. The second reflector 432 reflects the P-beam to the half-wave plate 411. After passing through the half-wave plate 411, the P-beam's polarization direction rotates 45° in the positive direction, and after passing through the first Faraday rotator 412a, its polarization direction rotates 45° in the negative direction, becoming P-beam again. The P-beam then enters the first polarization beam splitter 421. The S-beam from the first-band beam R is reflected by the second polarization beam splitter 431 to the half-wave plate 411. After passing through the half-wave plate 411, the S-beam's polarization direction rotates 45° in the positive direction, and after passing through the first Faraday rotator 412a, its polarization direction rotates 45° in the negative direction, becoming S-beam again. The S-beam enters the first reflector 422 and is reflected back to the first polarization beam splitter 421. The first polarization beam splitter 421 receives P-light and S-light at the same position, and combines the P-light and S-light into a first-band beam R by transmitting the P-light and reflecting the S-light. Then, the first-band beam R is sent to the first optical receiving component 3a.

[0386] The second-band beam R is polarized and split into S-beams and P-beams by the second polarization beam splitter 431. The P-beam from the second-band beam R is transmitted through the second polarization beam splitter 431 to the second reflecting element 432. The second reflecting element 432 reflects the P-beam to the half-wave plate 411. After passing through the half-wave plate 411, the P-beam's polarization direction rotates 45° in the positive direction, and after passing through the second Faraday rotator 412b, its polarization direction rotates 45° in the negative direction, becoming P-beam again. The P-beam then enters the first polarization beam splitter 421. The S-beam from the second-band beam R is reflected by the second polarization beam splitter 431 to the half-wave plate 411. After passing through the half-wave plate 411, the S-beam's polarization direction rotates 45° in the positive direction, and after passing through the second Faraday rotator 412b, its polarization direction rotates 45° in the negative direction, becoming S-beam again. The S-beam enters the first reflecting element 422 and is reflected back to the first polarization beam splitter 421. The first polarization beam splitter 421 receives P-light and S-light at the same position, and combines the P-light and S-light into a second-band beam T by transmitting the P-light and reflecting the S-light. Then, the second-band beam R is transmitted to the second optical receiving component 3b.

[0387] The following is an exemplary description of the implementation of the wave splitter / combiner component 5 (or broadband optical splitter).

[0388] In some examples, such as Figure 11 - Figure 12 as well as Figure 14 - Figure 15 As shown, the wave splitter / combiner assembly 5 includes a filter 51 and a reflective element 52. For example, the filter 51 reflects the light beam of the first waveband and transmits the light beam of the second waveband.

[0389] like Figure 14 As shown, in the light transmission direction, filter 51 is used to receive the first-band light beam T. Reflecting element 52 is used to receive the second-band light beam T and reflect it towards filter 51. Filter 51 is used to combine the first-band light beam T and the second-band light beam T, and transmit the combined beam to the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6. Figure 15 As shown, in the light receiving direction, the filter 51 is used to split the received light beam into a first-band beam R and a second-band beam R, sending the first-band beam R to the first optical circulator 40a and sending the second-band beam R to the reflective element 52. The reflective element 52 is used to send the second-band beam R to the first optical circulator 40a.

[0390] The first optical circulator 40a includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410a and a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410b. Since the first optical circulator 40a transmits two beams, therefore, in some examples, such as... Figure 17 As shown, the wave splitter / combiner component 5 is integrated with the first optical circulator 40a, thereby improving the integration of optical components in the optical module.

[0391] For example, such as Figure 17 As shown, the beam splitter / combiner assembly 5 includes a prism 50, a filter 51, and a reflective element 52. The prism 50 is attached to the second polarization beam splitter / combiner assembly 43, the filter 51 is located between the prism 50 and the second polarization beam splitter / combiner assembly 43, and the reflective element 52 is coated on the prism 50. In some examples, the prism 50 is attached to a fourth prism 43b.

[0392] Figure 17 The optical component shown not only achieves non-reciprocal transmission of light but also has the function of wave splitting and combining. In the light transmission direction, the optical component can combine two beams of light from different wavelengths. In the light reception direction, based on achieving non-reciprocity, it splits the received beam into two beams of light from different wavelengths and transmits them to the first optical receiving component 3a and the second optical receiving component 3b, respectively.

[0393] (2) In some examples, such as Figure 18 - Figure 20 As shown, the plurality of optical emitting components 2 include a first optical emitting component 2a, a second optical emitting component 2b, and a third optical emitting component 2c. The plurality of optical receiving components 3 include a first optical receiving component 3a, a second optical receiving component 3b, and a third optical receiving component 3c.

[0394] like Figure 19As shown, in the optical transmission direction, the first optical emitting component 2a transmits a first-band beam T to the optical ring device 4 (the first optical circulator 40a in the figure). The second optical emitting component 2b transmits a second-band beam T to the optical ring device 4. The third optical emitting component 2c transmits a third-band beam T to the optical ring device 4. The optical ring device 4 processes the first-band beam, the second-band beam T, and the third-band beam T, and then transmits them to the splitter-combiner component 5. The splitter-combiner component 5 combines the first-band beam T, the second-band beam T, and the third-band beam T, and transmits them externally through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6.

[0395] like Figure 20 As shown. In the optical receiving direction, the multiplexing / splitter assembly 5 splits the light beam received through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6 into a first-band beam R, a second-band beam R, and a third-band beam R, and sends the first-band beam R, the second-band beam R, and the third-band beam R to the optical ring device 4. After processing the first-band beam R, the second-band beam R, and the third-band beam R, the optical ring device 4 sends the first-band beam R to the first optical receiving assembly 3a, the second-band beam R to the second optical receiving assembly 3b, and the third-band beam R to the third optical receiving assembly 3c.

[0396] In some examples, in order for the optical ring device 4 to effectively process the beams of the first band, the second band, and the third band, such as Figure 19 and Figure 20 As shown, the optical ring device 4 includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410a, a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410b, and a third non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410c. The first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410a operates in a wavelength band covering a first wavelength band and is used to adjust the polarization direction of the beam in the first wavelength band. The second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410b operates in a wavelength band covering a second wavelength band and is used to adjust the polarization direction of the beam in the second wavelength band. The third non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410c operates in a wavelength band covering a third wavelength band and is used to adjust the polarization direction of the beam in the third wavelength band.

[0397] The third non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410c is located on the transmission path of the two polarization states of the beam split from the beam in the third band, and is used to perform a first adjustment on the polarization direction of the two polarization states of the beam split from beam T, and a second adjustment on the polarization direction of the two polarization states of the beam split from beam R. The first adjustment and the second adjustment are different; for example, one of the first adjustment and the second adjustment is to rotate the polarization direction of the beam by 90°, and the other is to keep the polarization direction of the beam unchanged.

[0398] In some examples, the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410a, the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410b, and the third non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410c are located in three optical circulators 40, respectively.

[0399] In some examples, two of the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portions 410a, the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portions 410b, and the third non-reciprocal polarization rotation portions 410c are located in the same optical circulator 40, while the other is located in a separate optical circulator 40.

[0400] In some examples, such as Figure 19 and Figure 20 As shown, the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410a, the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410b, and the third non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410c are located in the same optical circulator 40 (first optical circulator 40a).

[0401] The technical solution provided in this disclosure, by configuring the first optical circulator 40a to include a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410a, a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410b, and a third non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410c, enables a single optical circulator 40 to process three beams of different wavelengths. This reduces the number of optical circulators 40 required for the optical module, thereby lowering the module's size and cost.

[0402] In some examples, such as Figure 19 and Figure 20 As shown, the first optical circulator 40a includes a non-reciprocal polarization rotation component 41, a first polarization splitting and combining component 42, and a second polarization splitting and combining component 43. The non-reciprocal polarization rotation component 41 includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410a, a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410b, and a third non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410c. The first polarization splitting and combining component 42 is located on the optical path between the first light emitting component 2a, the second light emitting component 2b, the third light emitting component 2c, and the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component 41, and also on the optical path between the first light receiving component 3a, the second light receiving component 3b, the third light receiving component 3c, and the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component 41. The second polarization splitting and combining component 43 is located on the optical path between the splitting and combining component 5 and the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component 41.

[0403] The technical solution provided in this embodiment requires only one first polarization splitting and combining optical component 42 and one second polarization splitting and combining optical component 43 to achieve the splitting and combining of three beams, realize the reuse of polarization splitting and combining optical components, save the number of polarization splitting and combining optical components, reduce costs, and also improve the integration density of optical devices.

[0404] In some examples, such as Figure 21As shown, the first optical circulator 40a includes two first non-reciprocal polarization rotation sections 410a, two second non-reciprocal polarization rotation sections 410b, and two third non-reciprocal polarization rotation sections 410c. The two first non-reciprocal polarization rotation sections 410a are respectively used to receive beams of two polarization states split from a beam of the first band; the two second non-reciprocal polarization rotation sections 410b are respectively used to receive beams of two polarization states split from a beam of the second band; and the two third non-reciprocal polarization rotation sections 410c are respectively used to receive beams of two polarization states split from a beam of the third band.

[0405] In some examples, such as Figure 21 As shown, the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component 41 includes a half-wave plate 411, a first Faraday rotator 412a, and a third Faraday rotator 412c. The first Faraday rotator 412b and a portion of the half-wave plate 411 form a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410a, the second Faraday rotator 412b and a portion of the half-wave plate 411 form a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410b, and the third Faraday rotator 412c and a portion of the half-wave plate 411 form a third non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410c. The operating wavelength of the first Faraday rotator 412a covers a first wavelength band, the operating wavelength of the second Faraday rotator 412b covers a second wavelength band, and the operating wavelength of the third Faraday rotator 412c covers a third wavelength band.

[0406] This disclosure does not limit the arrangement of the half-wave plate 411 and the Faraday rotator 412. In some examples, such as Figure 21 As shown, the half-wave plate 411 is located in the optical path between the Faraday rotator 412 and the second polarization splitter / combiner component 43. In other examples, the half-wave plate 411 is located in the optical path between the Faraday rotator 412 and the first polarization splitter / combiner component 42 (e.g., Figure 11 and Figure 12 (As shown).

[0407] The first polarization splitter / combiner component 42 and the second polarization splitter / combiner component 43 will be described below by way of example.

[0408] In some examples, such as Figure 19As shown, in the light transmission direction, the first polarization splitting and combining optical component 42 is used to uniformly polarize and split the first-band beam T, the second-band beam T, and the third-band beam T. It then transmits the two polarization states of the split beam T to the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410a, the two polarization states of the split beam T to the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410b, and the two polarization states of the split beam T to the third non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410c. The second polarization splitting and combining optical component 43 is used to combine the two polarization states of the beams transmitted from the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410a into the first-band beam T, combine the two polarization states of the beams transmitted from the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410b into the second-band beam T, and combine the two polarization states of the beams transmitted from the third non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410c into the third-band beam T. Then, beams T in the first band, T in the second band, and T in the third band are sent to the wave splitting and combining component 5.

[0409] like Figure 20 As shown, in the light receiving direction, the second polarization splitting and combining optical component 43 is used to polarize and split the first-band beam R, the second-band beam R, and the third-band beam R. It sends the two polarization states of the split first-band beam R to the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410a, sends the two polarization states of the split second-band beam R to the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410b, and sends the two polarization states of the split third-band beam R to the third non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410c. The first polarization splitting and combining optical component 42 is used to combine the two polarization states of the beams sent by the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410a into the first-band beam R, combine the two polarization states of the beams sent by the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410b into the second-band beam R, and combine the two polarization states of the beams sent by the third non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410c into the third-band beam R. Then, a first-band light beam R is sent to the first optical receiving component 3a, a second-band light beam R is sent to the second optical receiving component 3b, and a third-band light beam R is sent to the third optical receiving component 3c.

[0410] The following is an exemplary description of the implementation of the wave splitting and combining component 5.

[0411] In some examples, such as Figure 19 and Figure 20 As shown, the wave splitter / combiner assembly 5 includes a first wave splitter / combiner assembly 5a and a second wave splitter / combiner assembly 5b. Figure 19As shown, in the optical transmission direction, the first beam splitter / combiner 5a combines the second-band beam T and the third-band beam T transmitted by the second polarization splitter / combiner 43, and transmits the combined beam to the second beam splitter / combiner 5b. The second beam splitter / combiner 5b combines the combined beam with the first-band beam T, and transmits the combined beam through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6. Figure 20 As shown, in the optical receiving direction, the second beam splitter / combiner 5b splits the beam received through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6 into a first-band beam R and a combined second-band and third-band beam R. It then transmits the first-band beam R to the second polarization splitter / combiner 43 and the combined second-band and third-band beam R to the first beam splitter / combiner 5a. The first beam splitter / combiner 5a splits the received beam into a second-band beam R and a third-band beam R, and transmits both the second-band beam R and the third-band beam R to the second polarization splitter / combiner 43.

[0412] In some examples, such as Figure 19 and Figure 20 As shown, both the first wave splitter / combiner component 5a and the second wave splitter / combiner component 5b include a filter 51 and a reflective element 52. For details regarding the specific structures of the first wave splitter / combiner component 5a and the second wave splitter / combiner component 5b, please refer to the foregoing description, which will not be repeated here.

[0413] (3) In some examples, such as Figure 22 - Figure 26 As shown, the plurality of optical emitting components 2 include a first optical emitting component 2a, a second optical emitting component 2b, a third optical emitting component 2c, and a fourth optical emitting component 2d. The plurality of optical receiving components 3 include a first optical receiving component 3a, a second optical receiving component 3b, a third optical receiving component 3c, and a fourth optical receiving component 3d.

[0414] like Figure 23 As shown, in the optical transmission direction, the first optical emitting component 2a transmits a first-band beam T to the optical ring device 4 (the first optical circulator 40a and the second optical circulator 40b in the figure). The second optical emitting component 2b transmits a second-band beam T to the optical ring device 4. The third optical emitting component 2c transmits a third-band beam T to the optical ring device 4. The fourth optical emitting component 2d transmits a fourth-band beam T to the optical ring device 4. After processing the first-band beam T, the second-band beam T, the third-band beam T, and the fourth-band beam T, the optical ring device 4 transmits the first-band beam, the second-band beam T, the third-band beam T, and the fourth-band beam T to the splitter-combiner component 5. The splitter-combiner component 5 combines the first-band beam T, the second-band beam T, the third-band beam T, and the fourth-band beam T and transmits them externally through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6.

[0415] like Figure 24 As shown, in the optical receiving direction, the multiplexing / splitter assembly 5 splits the light beam received through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6 into a first-band beam R, a second-band beam R, a third-band beam R, and a fourth-band beam R, and sends the first-band beam R, the second-band beam R, the third-band beam R, and the fourth-band beam R to the optical ring device 4. After processing the first-band beam R, the second-band beam R, the third-band beam R, and the fourth-band beam R, the optical ring device 4 sends the first-band beam R to the first optical receiving assembly 3a, the second-band beam R to the second optical receiving assembly 3b, the third-band beam R to the third optical receiving assembly 3c, and the fourth-band beam R to the fourth optical receiving assembly 3d.

[0416] In some examples, in order for the optical ring device 4 to effectively process the beams of the first band, the second band, the third band, and the fourth band, such as Figure 23 and Figure 24 As shown, the optical ring device 4 includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410a, a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410b, a third non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410c, and a fourth non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410d. The first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410a operates in a wavelength band covering a first wavelength band and is used to adjust the polarization direction of the beam in the first wavelength band. The second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410b operates in a wavelength band covering a second wavelength band and is used to adjust the polarization direction of the beam in the second wavelength band. The third non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410c operates in a wavelength band covering a third wavelength band and is used to adjust the polarization direction of the beam in the third wavelength band. The fourth non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410d operates in a wavelength band covering a fourth wavelength band and is used to adjust the polarization direction of the beam in the fourth wavelength band.

[0417] The fourth non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410d is located on the transmission path of the two polarization states of the beam split from the beam in the fourth band, and is used to perform a first adjustment on the polarization direction of the two polarization states of the beam split from beam T, and a second adjustment on the polarization direction of the two polarization states of the beam split from beam R. The first adjustment and the second adjustment are different; for example, one of the first adjustment and the second adjustment is to rotate the polarization direction of the beam by 90°, and the other is to keep the polarization direction of the beam unchanged.

[0418] In some examples, the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410a, the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410b, the third non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410c, and the fourth non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410d are located in four optical circulators 40, respectively.

[0419] In some examples, three of the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portions 410a, 410b, 410c, and 410d are located in the same optical circulator 40, while the other is located in a separate optical circulator 40.

[0420] In some examples, such as Figure 23 and Figure 24 As shown, the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410a and the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410b are located in the first optical circulator 40a. The third non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410c and the fourth non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410d are located in the second optical circulator 40b.

[0421] The technical solution provided in this disclosure, by configuring the first optical circulator 40a to include a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410a and a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410b, and the second optical circulator 40b to include a third non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410c and a fourth non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410d, enables the two optical circulators 40 to process four beams of different wavelengths accordingly. This reduces the number of optical circulators 40 required in the optical module, thereby lowering the size and cost of the optical module.

[0422] The structure of the first optical circulator 40a is the same as described above and will not be repeated here.

[0423] In some examples, such as Figure 23 and Figure 24 As shown, the second optical circulator 40b includes a non-reciprocal polarization rotation component 41, a first polarization splitting and combining component 42, and a second polarization splitting and combining component 43. The non-reciprocal polarization rotation component 41 includes a third non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410c and a fourth non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410d. The first polarization splitting and combining component 42 is located on the optical path between the third optical emitting component 2c, the fourth optical emitting component 2d, and the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component 41, and also on the optical path between the third optical receiving component 3c, the fourth optical receiving component 3d, and the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component 41. The second polarization splitting and combining component 43 is located on the optical path between the splitting and combining component 5 and the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component 41.

[0424] In some examples, such as Figure 23 and Figure 24As shown, the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component 41 of the second optical circulator 40b includes two third non-reciprocal polarization rotation portions 410c and two fourth non-reciprocal polarization rotation portions 410d. The third non-reciprocal polarization rotation portions 410c and the fourth non-reciprocal polarization rotation portions 410d are arranged at intervals. The two third non-reciprocal polarization rotation portions 410c are respectively used to receive the two polarization states of the beam split from the beam of the third band, and the two fourth non-reciprocal polarization rotation portions 410d are respectively used to receive the two polarization states of the beam split from the beam of the fourth band.

[0425] In some examples, such as Figure 23 and Figure 24 As shown, the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component 41 of the second optical circulator 40b includes a half-wave plate 411, a third Faraday rotator 412c, and a fourth Faraday rotator 412d. The third Faraday rotator 412c and a portion of the half-wave plate 411 form a third non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410c, and the fourth Faraday rotator 412d and a portion of the half-wave plate 411 form a fourth non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410d.

[0426] In some examples, such as Figure 23 As shown, in the light transmission direction, the first polarization splitting and combining optical component 42 of the second optical circulator 40b is used to polarize and split the beam T of the third band and the beam T of the fourth band, sending the two polarization states of the beam T split from the third band to the third non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410c, and sending the two polarization states of the beam T split from the fourth band to the fourth non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410d. The second polarization splitting and combining optical component 43 is used to combine the two polarization states of the beam sent from the third non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410c into the beam T of the third band, and combine the two polarization states of the beam sent from the fourth non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410d into the beam T of the fourth band, and send the beam T of the third band and the beam T of the fourth band to the splitting and combining optical component 5.

[0427] like Figure 24 As shown, in the light receiving direction, the second polarization splitter / combiner component 43 of the second optical circulator 40b is used to polarize and split the beam R of the third band and the beam R of the fourth band, sending the two polarization states of the beam R split from the third band to the third non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410c, and sending the two polarization states of the beam R split from the fourth band to the fourth non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410d. The first polarization splitter / combiner component 42 is used to combine the two polarization states of the beam sent from the third non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410c into the beam R of the third band, combine the two polarization states of the beam sent from the fourth non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410d into the beam R of the fourth band, send the beam R of the third band to the third optical receiving component 3c, and send the beam R of the fourth band to the fourth optical receiving component 3d.

[0428] The following is an exemplary description of the implementation of the wave splitting and combining component 5.

[0429] In some examples, such as Figure 23 and Figure 24 As shown, the wave splitter / combiner component 5 includes two first wave splitter / combiner components 5a and a second wave splitter / combiner component 5b. Figure 23 As shown, in the optical transmission direction, a first beam splitter / combiner 5a combines the first-band beam T and the second-band beam T transmitted by the first optical circulator 40a, and transmits the combined beam to the second beam splitter / combiner 5b. Another first beam splitter / combiner 5a combines the third-band beam T and the fourth-band beam T transmitted by the second optical circulator 40b, and transmits the combined beam to the second beam splitter / combiner 5b. The second beam splitter / combiner 5b combines the received two beams and transmits the combined beam through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6. Figure 24 As shown, in the optical receiving direction, the second beam splitter / combiner 5b splits the beam received through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6 into two beams, and sends the two beams to the two first beam splitter / combiner 5a respectively. One first beam splitter / combiner 5a splits the received beam into a first-band beam R and a second-band beam R, and sends the first-band beam R and the second-band beam R to the first optical circulator 40a. The other first beam splitter / combiner 5a splits the received beam into a third-band beam R and a fourth-band beam R, and sends the third-band beam R and the fourth-band beam R to the second optical circulator 40b.

[0430] In some examples, such as Figure 23 and Figure 24 As shown, both the first wave splitter / combiner component 5a and the second wave splitter / combiner component 5b include a filter 51 and a reflective element 52. For details regarding the specific structures of the first wave splitter / combiner component 5a and the second wave splitter / combiner component 5b, please refer to the foregoing description, which will not be repeated here.

[0431] In some examples, such as Figure 25 and Figure 26 As shown, the two first split-and combiner components 5a are integrated with the first optical circulator 40a and the second optical circulator 40b, respectively.

[0432] It should be further explained that when the transmit beam from the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6 of the optical module reaches the interface with the optical fiber, part of the beam is reflected by the end face of the optical fiber, forming a reflected beam. Since the transmit and receive beams of the optical module use the same wavelength, the reflected beam will be incident on the corresponding optical receiving component 3 along with the receive beam. In other words, the reflected beam will interfere with the receive beam.

[0433] To address this technical problem, in some examples, such as Figure 27 As shown, the optical module also includes a mode filter 7. The mode filter 7 is located on the optical path between the multiplexer / splitter 5 and the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6. The mode filter 7 is used to filter the reflected beam from the transmitted beam, thereby reducing interference from the reflected beam to the received beam and improving the reliability of the optical module in receiving optical signals.

[0434] In some examples, mode filter 7 includes an cladding layer and a core layer.

[0435] By adopting the above technical solution, the single-fiber wavelength capacity of the optical module is expanded, enabling the beam transmitted by the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6 of the optical module to carry more optical signals. This requires the electrical connection component 1 of the optical module to be able to transmit more optical signals. The electrical connection component 1 of the optical module provided in this embodiment will be described below by way of example.

[0436] In some examples, such as Figure 28 - Figure 54 As shown, the electrical connection component 1 includes multiple gold finger connectors 11, which are respectively used to mate with multiple female connectors in the communication equipment. In this way, on the one hand, the number of electrical signals that the electrical connection component 1 can transmit is increased, enabling the electrical connection component 1 of the optical module to support the transmission of more optical signals by the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6.

[0437] On the other hand, since the number of electrical signals transmitted by the existing female connector is relatively small, by setting the electrical connection component 1 to mate with multiple female connectors, the communication device can send more transmit electrical signals to the optical module and receive more receive electrical signals sent by the optical module, so that the communication device can support the transmission of more optical signals by the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6.

[0438] In some examples, such as Figure 28 - Figure 30 , Figure 35 - Figure 36 , Figure 39 , Figure 44 , Figure 47 and Figure 52 As shown in any of the accompanying figures, each of the plurality of gold finger connectors 11 is electrically connected to a light emitting component 2 and a light receiving component 3. That is, one light beam R and one light beam T correspond to one gold finger connector 11. In this way, the communication device can uniformly control the plurality of lasers 211 in each light emitting component 2 and the plurality of detectors 311 in each light receiving component 3 through a single female connector.

[0439] The present invention does not limit the number or arrangement of the gold finger connectors 11. The following is an exemplary description.

[0440] In some examples, such as Figure 31 , Figure 32 and Figure 37 As shown, there are two gold finger connectors 11, arranged horizontally. Alternatively, as... Figure 33 , Figure 34 and Figure 38 As shown, the two gold finger connectors 11 are arranged vertically.

[0441] In some examples, such as Figure 40 , Figure 41 and Figure 45 As shown, there are three gold finger connectors 11, arranged horizontally. Alternatively, as... Figure 42 , Figure 43 and Figure 46 As shown, the three gold finger connectors 11 are arranged vertically.

[0442] In some examples, such as Figure 48 , Figure 49 and Figure 53 As shown, there are four gold finger connectors 11, arranged horizontally. Alternatively, as... Figure 50 , Figure 51 and Figure 54 As shown, the four gold finger connectors 11 are arranged in two horizontal and two vertical rows.

[0443] In related technologies, each optical module is typically inserted into one port of an optical cage. However, since the electrical connection assembly 1 of the optical module provided in this disclosure includes multiple gold finger connectors 11, the optical module provided in this disclosure needs to be inserted into multiple ports of the optical cage. To enable the optical module provided in this disclosure to be used in existing communication devices, in some examples, such as... Figure 29 - Figure 34 , Figure 39 - Figure 43 and Figure 47 - Figure 51 As shown, the optical module includes an optical interface section 8 and multiple electrical connectors 9. The optical interface section 8 has a single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6, and multiple gold finger connectors 11 are respectively located in the multiple electrical connectors 9. The multiple electrical connectors 9 are arranged at intervals, and each electrical connector 9 is used to insert into a port of the optical cage of the communication device.

[0444] In this way, each electrical connector 9 of the optical module can be inserted into a port of the optical cage of the communication device, enabling the optical module provided in this embodiment to be used in existing communication devices and reducing application costs. On the other hand, the increased size of the optical module including multiple electrical connectors 9 allows the optical module to accommodate additional optical and electrical components due to the expansion of single-fiber wavelength capacity.

[0445] In some examples, such as Figure 29 - Figure 30 , Figure 39 and Figure 47 As shown, each electrical connector 9 includes a light emitting component 2 and a light receiving component 3. This facilitates the electrical connection of the gold finger connector 11 in the electrical connector 9 with a light emitting component 2 and a light receiving component 3.

[0446] In some examples, such as Figure 29 - Figure 30 , Figure 35 - Figure 36 , Figure 39 , Figure 44 , Figure 47 and Figure 52 As shown, the optical ring device 4, the wave splitter / multiplexer assembly 5, and the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6 are all located in the optical interface section 8. The optical transmitting assembly 2, the optical receiving assembly 3, and the optical ring device 4 are coupled to each other via spatial optics or connected via optical fiber.

[0447] The number and arrangement of the electrical connectors 9 are the same as those of the gold finger connectors 11. An exemplary description will follow.

[0448] In some examples, such as Figure 31 and Figure 32 As shown, there are two electrical connectors 9 arranged horizontally, which are used to insert into the two horizontally arranged ports of the optical cage. Alternatively, as... Figure 33 and Figure 34 As shown, the two electrical connectors 9 are arranged longitudinally, and the two electrical connectors 9 are used to be inserted into the two longitudinal ports of the optical cage.

[0449] In some examples, such as Figure 40 and Figure 41 As shown, there are three electrical connectors 9 arranged horizontally, which are used to insert into the three horizontally arranged ports of the optical cage. Alternatively, as... Figure 42 and Figure 43 As shown, the three electrical connectors 9 are arranged longitudinally, and the three electrical connectors 9 are used to be inserted into the three longitudinal ports of the optical cage.

[0450] In some examples, such as Figure 48 and Figure 49 As shown, there are four electrical connectors 9 arranged horizontally, which are used to insert into the four horizontally arranged ports of the optical cage. Alternatively, as... Figure 50 and Figure 51 As shown, the four electrical connectors 9 are arranged in two horizontal and two vertical directions, and are used to be inserted into the four ports of the optical cage.

[0451] The embodiments disclosed herein do not limit the form of the electrical connector 9; in some examples, such as Figure 31 - Figure 34 , Figure 40 - Figure 43 , Figure 48 - Figure 51 As shown, the shape of the electrical connector 9 is consistent with that of a quad small formfactor pluggable (QSFP) packaged optical module, or, in other words, the electrical connector 9 can be inserted into the port of an optical cage that meets the requirements of the QSFP package.

[0452] In this configuration, the QSFP-packaged optical module can transmit four transmit signals and four receive signals. Therefore, when there are two electrical connectors 9, the electrical connection assembly 1 can transmit eight transmit signals and eight receive signals, enabling the optical module to transmit and receive eight optical signals. When there are three electrical connectors 9, the electrical connection assembly 1 can transmit twelve transmit signals and twelve receive signals, enabling the optical module to transmit and receive twelve optical signals. When there are four electrical connectors 9, the electrical connection assembly 1 can transmit sixteen transmit signals and sixteen receive signals, enabling the optical module to transmit and receive sixteen optical signals.

[0453] In other examples, such as Figure 35 - Figure 38 , Figure 44 - Figure 46 and Figure 52 - Figure 54 As shown, the aforementioned multiple electrical connectors 9 are integrated together. Alternatively, the optical module includes an optical interface section 8 and an electrical connector 9, with multiple gold finger connectors 11 located within the electrical connector 9. This improves the overall integrity of the optical module.

[0454] It should be noted that placing multiple gold finger connectors 11 in the same electrical connector 9 may result in a large electrical connector 9 that cannot be inserted into a single port of the optical cage, requiring modifications to the communication equipment. In some examples, to minimize modifications to the communication equipment, the electrical connector 9 is designed to insert into a combined port of the optical cage. A combined port refers to a port formed by connecting at least two ports after removing at least one partition in the optical cage. This reduces the required modifications to the communication equipment (only the optical cage needs modification), lowering the application cost of the optical module.

[0455] In some examples, for Figure 37 The optical module shown has a combined port formed by removing the middle vertical partition from two horizontally arranged ports.

[0456] In some examples, for Figure 38 The optical module shown has a combined port formed by removing the middle horizontal partition from two vertically arranged ports.

[0457] In some examples, for Figure 45 The optical module shown has three horizontally arranged ports, which are formed by removing the two middle vertical partitions.

[0458] In some examples, for Figure 46 The optical module shown has three vertically arranged ports, which are formed by removing the two middle horizontal partitions.

[0459] In some examples, for Figure 53 The optical module shown has four horizontally arranged ports, which are formed by removing the three middle horizontal partitions.

[0460] In some examples, for Figure 54 The optical module shown has four ports, two horizontal and two vertical, formed by removing the intersecting horizontal and vertical partitions.

[0461] In addition to the aforementioned technical solution where the electrical connection component 1 includes multiple gold finger connectors 11, in other examples, such as... Figure 55 As shown, the optical module includes a gold finger connector 11, which is electrically connected to multiple optical emitting components 2 and multiple optical receiving components 3.

[0462] In some examples, in order for the gold finger connector 11 to transmit a greater number of electrical signals, such as Figure 57 and Figure 59 As shown, the gold finger connector 11 has two rows of high-speed signal pins 112. These high-speed signal pins 112 are used to transmit transmitting electrical signals to multiple optical transmitting components 2, and to transmit receiving electrical signals generated by multiple optical receiving components 3 to the communication device. This increases the number of electrical signals transmitted by the gold finger connector 11, enabling the electrical connection component 1 to support the transmission of a greater number of optical signals by the optical module.

[0463] In some examples, such as Figure 57 and Figure 59 As shown, the two rows of high-speed signal pins 112 are located on the same side of the gold finger connector 11, and the two rows of high-speed signal pins 112 are arranged sequentially along the mating direction of the gold finger connector 11.

[0464] In some examples, such as Figure 59As shown, the two rows of high-speed signal pins 112 are used to transmit sixteen transmit electrical signals to multiple optical transmitting components 2, and to transmit sixteen receive electrical signals generated by multiple optical receiving components 3 to the communication device. Of course, in other examples, not all pins in the two rows of high-speed signal pins 112 are used.

[0465] In addition to the high-speed signal pin 112, the gold finger connector 11 also includes at least one row of functional signal pins 111. The functional signal pins 111 are used to implement basic functions such as power supply, and are not used to transmit or receive electrical signals.

[0466] In some examples, since the purpose of this disclosure embodiment is only to increase the number of transmitted and received electrical signals transmitted by the gold finger connector 11, if an existing row of functional signal pins 111 can support the two rows of high-speed signal pins 112 (e.g., the power supply capacity can support the two rows of high-speed signal pins 112), then as Figure 58 As shown, function signal pin 111 does not need to be changed and remains a single row. Among them, Figure 58 The diagram shows a row of function signal pins 111 conforming to the C-form factor pluggable (CFP)2 (i.e., CFP2) pin definition. Function signal pins 111 and high-speed signal pins 112 are located on different sides of the gold finger connector 11.

[0467] In other examples, if the existing row of functional signal pins 111 cannot support two rows of high-speed signal pins 112 (e.g., the power supply capability of a single row of functional signal pins 111 is insufficient), or to improve the stability of the power supply, such as... Figure 60 As shown, the function signal pins 111 are arranged in two rows. For example, for the newly added row of function signal pins 111, only the power supply-related signal pins are enabled. Figure 60 (3.3V and 3.3V-GND).

[0468] It should be noted that after the gold finger connector 11 is configured to have two rows of high-speed signal pins 112, the corresponding female connector on the communication device also needs to be adapted to be able to connect to the two rows of high-speed signal pins 112.

[0469] In other examples, such as Figure 61 - Figure 63 As shown, the optical module includes two gold finger connectors 11, which are located in the same electrical interface of the optical module. For example, as... Figure 63 As shown, the two gold finger connectors 11 are arranged along the thickness direction of the optical module. This increases the number of electrical signals transmitted by the electrical connection component 1, enabling the electrical connection component 1 to support the optical module in transmitting a greater number of optical signals.

[0470] In some examples, two gold finger connectors 11 are used to transmit sixteen transmit electrical signals to multiple optical transmitting components 2, and to transmit sixteen receive electrical signals generated by multiple optical receiving components 3 to a communication device.

[0471] In the case where the optical module has two optical emitting components 2 and two optical receiving components 3, each gold finger connector 11 is electrically connected to one optical emitting component 2 and one optical receiving component 3.

[0472] In cases where the optical module has three optical transmitting components 2 and three optical receiving components 3, such as... Figure 61 As shown, one gold finger connector 11 is electrically connected to one light emitting component 2 and one light receiving component 3, and another gold finger connector 11 is electrically connected to two other light emitting components 2 and two other light receiving components 3.

[0473] In cases where the optical module has four optical transmitting components 2 and four optical receiving components 3, such as... Figure 62 As shown, one gold finger connector 11 is electrically connected to two light emitting components 2 and two light receiving components 3, and another gold finger connector 11 is electrically connected to two other light emitting components 2 and two other light receiving components 3.

[0474] This disclosure does not limit the packaging form of the optical module. In some examples, such as... Figure 56 , Figure 57 and Figure 63 As shown, the optical module adopts CFP or CFP2 packaging. Since the optical module in CFP or CFP2 packaging is relatively large, the overall shape of these two types of optical modules does not need to be changed, and they can accommodate the newly added optical and electrical components.

[0475] In other examples, the optical module is packaged in a QSFP or a quad smallform factor pluggable-doubledensity (QSFP-DD) package.

[0476] It should be further noted that, in this embodiment, the use of a certain package for the optical module means that the external dimensions of the optical module conform to the standard of that package, or that the optical module can be inserted into the port of an optical cage that conforms to the standard of that package. However, the pin definition of the gold finger connector 11 of the optical module may not conform to the standard of that package.

[0477] In the Figure 1After the first optical module 200 in the illustrated communication system is improved, the optical splitter / combiner 300 connected to the first optical module 200 also needs to be improved accordingly. The optical splitter / combiner 300 provided in the embodiments of this disclosure will now be described by way of example.

[0478] like Figure 64 As shown, the optical splitter / combiner 300 includes an optical ring device 4, a splitter / combiner assembly 5, a single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6, multiple optical input interfaces 301, multiple optical output interfaces 302, multiple combiner groups 22, and multiple splitter groups 32.

[0479] Among them, when the optical splitter / combiner 300 is applied to Figure 1 In the illustrated communication system, the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6 of the optical splitter / combiner 300 is connected to the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6 of the first optical module 200 via optical fiber. Multiple optical input interfaces 301 of the optical splitter / combiner 300 are respectively connected to the optical transmitting ports of multiple second optical modules 500 via optical fibers, and multiple optical output interfaces 302 of the optical splitter / combiner 300 are respectively connected to the optical receiving ports of multiple second optical modules 500 via optical fibers.

[0480] In the first direction of light transmission, the multiplexing / splitter assembly 5 splits the light beam received through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6 (which is transmitted by the first optical module 200) into multiple beams T of different wavelengths, and sends these multiple beams T to the optical ring device 4. The optical ring device 4 sends one beam T to each demultiplexer group 32. Each demultiplexer group 32 splits the received beam T into multiple beams, and sends the split beams to multiple second optical modules 500 through multiple optical output interfaces 302. The first direction of light transmission is consistent with the light transmission direction of the first optical module 200.

[0481] In the second direction of light transmission, each multiplexer group 22 combines multiple light beams (sent by multiple second optical modules 500) received through multiple optical input interfaces 301 into a single light beam R, and sends this light beam R to the optical ring device 4. The optical ring device 4 receives multiple light beams R of different wavelengths and sends them to the multiplexer / splitter assembly 5. The multiplexer / splitter assembly 5 combines the multiple light beams R and sends the combined light beam to the first optical module 200 through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6. The second direction of light transmission is consistent with the light receiving direction of the first optical module 200.

[0482] The technical solution provided in this disclosure involves transmitting multiple beams of different wavelengths in the optical ring device 4 of the optical splitter / combiner 300. Since these multiple beams have different transmission paths in the optical ring device 4, the optical ring device 4 can process each beam separately. For example, different magnetic fields can be applied to the transmission paths of the multiple beams of different wavelengths. Thus, although the wavelength range of each beam still cannot exceed the upper limit wavelength range, the wavelength range of the beam after combining the multiple beams—that is, the wavelength range of the beam transmitted by the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6—can exceed the upper limit wavelength range. Therefore, by setting the optical ring device 4 to process multiple beams of different wavelengths separately, this disclosure expands the wavelength range of beams that the optical ring device 4 can process, thereby expanding the single-fiber wavelength capacity of the optical splitter / combiner 300, enabling the optical splitter / combiner 300 to be used in conjunction with the aforementioned first optical module 200.

[0483] Assuming that the wavelength range of each beam incident on the optical ring device 4 is the upper limit wavelength range, and that there are N optical paths incident on the optical ring device 4, then the wavelength range of the beams that the optical ring device 4 can process is equal to N multiplied by the upper limit wavelength range.

[0484] For the wavelength ranges of beams T, R, and the beams transmitted via the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6, please refer to the aforementioned content, which will not be repeated here.

[0485] For details on the implementation of the multiplexer group 22, the splitter group 32, and the optical ring device 4, please refer to the foregoing content, which will not be repeated here.

[0486] The structure of the optical ring device 4 and the transmitting and receiving optical paths of the optical combining and splitting device 300 will be described below by way of example, taking into account the specific number of the multiplexer group 22 and the splitter group 32.

[0487] (1) In some examples, such as Figure 65 and Figure 66 As shown, the multiple multiplexer groups 22 include a first multiplexer group 22a and a second multiplexer group 22b. The multiple demultiplexer groups 32 include a first demultiplexer group 32a and a second demultiplexer group 32b. The multiple optical input interfaces 301 include multiple first optical input interfaces 301a and multiple second optical input interfaces 301b. The multiple optical output interfaces 302 include multiple first optical output interfaces 302a and multiple second optical output interfaces 302b.

[0488] like Figure 67 And refer to Figure 66As shown, in the first direction of light transmission, the beam splitter / multiplexer 5 splits the light beam received through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6 into a first-band beam T and a second-band beam T, and sends the first-band beam T and the second-band beam T to the optical ring device 4 (the first optical circulator 40a in the figure). The optical ring device 4 sends the first-band beam T to the first demultiplexer group 32a and the second-band beam T to the second demultiplexer group 32b. The first demultiplexer group 32a splits the first-band beam T into multiple beams, and sends each beam outward through multiple first optical output interfaces 302a. The second demultiplexer group 32b splits the second-band beam T into multiple beams, and sends each beam outward through multiple second optical output interfaces 302b.

[0489] like Figure 68 And refer to Figure 66 As shown, in the second direction of light transmission, the first multiplexer group 22a combines multiple beams input from the first optical input interfaces 301a into a first-band beam R, which is then sent to the optical ring device 4. The second multiplexer group 22b combines multiple beams input from the second optical input interfaces 301b into a second-band beam R, which is also sent to the optical ring device 4. The optical ring device 4 sends the first-band beam R and the second-band beam R to the splitter / multiplexer assembly 5. The splitter / multiplexer assembly 5 combines the first-band beam R and the second-band beam R, and then sends the combined beam externally through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6.

[0490] In some examples, in order for the optical ring device 4 to effectively process both the first-band and second-band beams, such as Figure 67 and Figure 68 As shown, the optical ring device 4 includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410a and a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410b. The first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410a operates in a wavelength band covering a first wavelength band and is used to adjust the polarization direction of the beam in the first wavelength band. The second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410b operates in a wavelength band covering a second wavelength band and is used to adjust the polarization direction of the beam in the second wavelength band.

[0491] The first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410a is located on the transmission path of the two polarization states of the beam split from the beam in the first band, and is used to perform a first adjustment on the polarization direction of the two polarization states of the beam split from beam T, and a second adjustment on the polarization direction of the two polarization states of the beam split from beam R. The second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410b is located on the transmission path of the two polarization states of the beam split from the beam in the second band, and is used to perform a first adjustment on the polarization direction of the two polarization states of the beam split from beam T, and a second adjustment on the polarization direction of the two polarization states of the beam split from beam R. The first adjustment and the second adjustment are different; for example, one of the first adjustment and the second adjustment is to rotate the polarization direction of the beam by 90°, and the other is to keep the polarization direction of the beam unchanged.

[0492] In some examples, the first optical circulator 40a includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410a, and the second optical circulator 40b includes a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410b. For example... Figure 65 As shown, in the first direction of light transmission, a first optical circulator 40a receives a first-band beam T from the wave-splitter assembly 5 and transmits the first-band beam T to the first wave-splitter group 32a. A second optical circulator 40b receives a second-band beam T from the wave-splitter assembly 5 and transmits the second-band beam T to the second wave-splitter group 32b. In the second direction of light transmission, the first optical circulator 40a receives a first-band beam R from the first wave-splitter group 22a and transmits the first-band beam R to the wave-splitter assembly 5. The second optical circulator 40b receives a second-band beam R from the second wave-splitter group 22b and transmits the second-band beam R to the wave-splitter assembly 5.

[0493] In other examples, such as Figure 67 and Figure 68 As shown, the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410a and the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410b are located in the same optical circulator 40 (first optical circulator 40a). Figure 67 As shown, in the first direction of light transmission, the first optical circulator 40a receives a first-band beam T and a second-band beam T from the beam splitter / combiner assembly 5, transmits the first-band beam T to the first beam splitter group 32a, and transmits the second-band beam T to the second beam splitter group 32b. Figure 68 As shown, in the second transmission direction of light, the first optical circulator 40a is used to receive the first band beam R from the first multiplexer group 22a, receive the second band beam R from the second multiplexer group 22b, and send the first band beam R and the second band beam R to the multiplexing / splitting assembly 5.

[0494] In some examples, such as Figure 67 and Figure 68As shown, the first optical circulator 40a includes a non-reciprocal polarization rotation component 41, a first polarization splitter / combiner component 42, and a second polarization splitter / combiner component 43. The non-reciprocal polarization rotation component 41 includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410a and a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410b. The first polarization splitter / combiner component 42 is located on the optical path between the splitter / combiner component 5 and the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component 41. The second polarization splitter / combiner component 43 is located on the optical path between the first multiplexer group 22a, the second multiplexer group 22b, and the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component 41, and also on the optical path between the first splitter group 32a, the second splitter group 32b, and the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component 41.

[0495] For details regarding the implementation and arrangement of the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410a and the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410b, please refer to the foregoing content, which will not be repeated here.

[0496] In some examples, such as Figure 67 As shown, in the first direction of light transmission, the first polarization splitting and combining optical component 42 is used to polarize and split the first-band beam T and the second-band beam T, sending the two polarization states of the split beam T to the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410a, and sending the two polarization states of the split beam T to the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410b. The second polarization splitting and combining optical component 43 is used to combine the two polarization states of the beams sent by the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410a into the first-band beam T, and combine the two polarization states of the beams sent by the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410b into the second-band beam T, sending the first-band beam T to the first demultiplexer group 32a, and sending the second-band beam T to the second demultiplexer group 32b.

[0497] like Figure 68 As shown, in the second light transmission direction, the second polarization splitting and combining optical component 43 is used to polarize and split the first-band beam R and the second-band beam R, sending the two polarization states of the split first-band beam R to the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410a, and sending the two polarization states of the split second-band beam R to the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410b. The first polarization splitting and combining optical component 42 is used to combine the two polarization states of the beam sent by the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410a into the first-band beam R, and combine the two polarization states of the beam sent by the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410b into the second-band beam R, and send the first-band beam R and the second-band beam R to the splitting and combining optical component 5.

[0498] For details on the implementation of the first polarization splitting and combining optical component 42 and the second polarization splitting and combining optical component 43, please refer to the foregoing content, which will not be repeated here.

[0499] For details on the implementation of the wave splitter / combiner component 5, please refer to the above-mentioned content on wave splitter / combiner component 5 for combining two beams of different wavelengths and splitting one beam into two beams of different wavelengths, which will not be repeated here.

[0500] In some examples, the wave splitting and combining component 5 is integrated with the first polarization splitting and combining component 42.

[0501] (2) In some examples, such as Figure 69 As shown, the multiple multiplexer groups 22 include a first multiplexer group 22a, a second multiplexer group 22b, and a third multiplexer group 22c. The multiple demultiplexer groups 32 include a first demultiplexer group 32a, a second demultiplexer group 32b, and a third demultiplexer group 32c. The multiple optical input interfaces 301 include a first optical input interface 301a, a second optical input interface 301b, and a third optical input interface 301c. The multiple optical output interfaces 302 include a first optical output interface 302a, a second optical output interface 302b, and a third optical output interface 302c.

[0502] like Figure 69 As shown, in the first direction of light transmission, the beam splitter / multiplexer 5 splits the light beam received through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6 into a first-band beam T, a second-band beam T, and a third-band beam T, and sends these beams to the optical ring device 4. The optical ring device 4 sends the first-band beam T to the first demultiplexer group 32a, the second-band beam T to the second demultiplexer group 32b, and the third-band beam T to the third demultiplexer group 32c. The first demultiplexer group 32a splits the first-band beam T into multiple beams, and sends each beam outward through multiple first optical output interfaces 302a. The second demultiplexer group 32b splits the second-band beam T into multiple beams, and sends each beam outward through multiple second optical output interfaces 302b. The third splitter group 32c splits the third-band beam T into multiple beams T, and transmits the multiple beams T to the outside through multiple third optical output interfaces 302c.

[0503] In the second direction of light transmission, the first multiplexer group 22a combines multiple beams input from multiple first optical input interfaces 301a into a first-band beam R, which is then transmitted to the optical ring device 4. The second multiplexer group 22b combines multiple beams input from multiple second optical input interfaces 301b into a second-band beam R, which is also transmitted to the optical ring device 4. The third multiplexer group 22c combines multiple beams input from multiple third optical input interfaces 301c into a third-band beam R, which is then transmitted to the optical ring device 4. The optical ring device 4 transmits the first-band beam R, the second-band beam R, and the third-band beam R to the splitter / multiplexer assembly 5. The splitter / multiplexer assembly 5 combines the first-band beam R, the second-band beam R, and the third-band beam R, and transmits the combined beam externally through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6.

[0504] For details on the implementation of the optical ring device 4, please refer to the above-mentioned content on the optical ring device 4 capable of processing three beams of different wavelengths, which will not be repeated here.

[0505] For details on the implementation of the wave splitter / combiner component 5, please refer to the above-mentioned content on wave splitter / combiner component 5 for combining three beams of different wavelengths and splitting one beam into three beams of different wavelengths, which will not be repeated here.

[0506] (3) In some examples, such as Figure 70 As shown, the multiple multiplexer groups 22 include a first multiplexer group 22a, a second multiplexer group 22b, a third multiplexer group 22c, and a fourth multiplexer group 22d. The multiple demultiplexer groups 32 include a first demultiplexer group 32a, a second demultiplexer group 32b, a third demultiplexer group 32c, and a fourth demultiplexer group 32d. The multiple optical input interfaces 301 include a first optical input interface 301a, a second optical input interface 301b, a third optical input interface 301c, and a fourth optical input interface 301d. The multiple optical output interfaces 302 include a first optical output interface 302a, a second optical output interface 302b, a third optical output interface 302c, and a fourth optical output interface 302d.

[0507] like Figure 70As shown, in the first direction of light transmission, the beam splitter / multiplexer 5 splits the light beam received through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6 into beams T in the first, second, third, and fourth bands, and transmits these beams to the optical ringing device 4 (the first optical circulator 40a and the second optical circulator 40b in the figure). The optical ringing device 4 transmits the first-band beam T to the first demultiplexer group 32a, the second-band beam T to the second demultiplexer group 32b, the third-band beam T to the third demultiplexer group 32c, and the fourth-band beam T to the fourth demultiplexer group 32d. The first demultiplexer group 32a splits the first-band beam T into multiple beams, and transmits these multiple beams externally through multiple first optical output interfaces 302a. The second demultiplexer group 32b splits the second-band beam T into multiple beams, and transmits each beam outward through multiple second optical output interfaces 302b. The third demultiplexer group 32c splits the third-band beam T into multiple beams, and transmits each beam outward through multiple third optical output interfaces 302c. The fourth demultiplexer group 32d splits the fourth-band beam T into multiple beams, and transmits each beam outward through multiple fourth optical output interfaces 302d.

[0508] In the second direction of light transmission, the first multiplexer group 22a combines multiple beams input from multiple first optical input interfaces 301a into a first-band beam R, which is then transmitted to the optical ring device 4. The second multiplexer group 22b combines multiple beams input from multiple second optical input interfaces 301b into a second-band beam R, which is also transmitted to the optical ring device 4. The third multiplexer group 22c combines multiple beams input from multiple third optical input interfaces 301c into a third-band beam R, which is then transmitted to the optical ring device 4. The fourth multiplexer group 22d combines multiple beams input from multiple fourth optical input interfaces 301d into a fourth-band beam R, which is then transmitted to the optical ring device 4. The optical ring device 4 transmits the first-band beam R, the second-band beam R, the third-band beam R, and the fourth-band beam R to the multiplexing / splitting assembly 5. The beam splitter / combiner 5 combines the beams R1, R2, R3, and R4 of the first band, and transmits the combined beam to the outside through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6.

[0509] For details on the implementation of the optical ring device 4, please refer to the above-mentioned content on the optical ring device 4 capable of processing four beams of different wavelengths, which will not be repeated here.

[0510] For details on the implementation of the wave splitter / combiner component 5, please refer to the above-mentioned content on wave splitter / combiner component 5 for combining four beams of different wavelengths and splitting one beam into four beams of different wavelengths, which will not be repeated here.

[0511] In some examples, such as Figure 64 - Figure 70 As shown, the optical splitter / combiner 300 provided in this embodiment includes a single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6.

[0512] In other examples, such as Figure 71 As shown, the optical splitter / combiner 300 also includes a power divider 303. There are multiple (e.g., two) single-fiber bidirectional optical interfaces 6. The common terminal of the power divider 303 is connected to the splitter / combiner assembly 5, and the multiple branch terminals (e.g., two) of the power divider 303 are respectively connected to multiple single-fiber bidirectional optical interfaces 6. The multiple beams split by the power divider 303 carry the same optical signal.

[0513] In some examples, the power splitter 303 is a non-polarizing beam splitter, a non-polarizing beam splitter crystal, a polarizing beam splitter, a non-polarizing beam splitter crystal, or a planar lightwave circuit (PLC) beam splitter, etc.

[0514] In some examples, such as Figure 72 and Figure 73 As shown, when the optical splitter / combiner 300 is applied in a communication system, the two single-fiber bidirectional optical interfaces 6 of the optical splitter / combiner 300 are respectively connected to the single-fiber bidirectional optical interfaces 6 of the two first optical modules 200 via optical fibers. In this way, the optical splitter / combiner 300 can send the same optical signal to the first communication device 100 through two optical fibers, realizing dual uplink protection of the optical signal and improving the reliability of the communication system.

[0515] In some examples, such as Figure 72 As shown, the two first optical modules 200 connected to the optical splitter / combiner 300 are plugged into the same first communication device 100. In other examples, such as Figure 73 As shown, the two first optical modules 200 connected to the optical splitter / combiner 300 are plugged into different first communication devices 100.

[0516] In some examples, the optical splitter / combiner 300 also includes a mode filter 7. The mode filter 7 is located on the optical path between the splitter / combiner component 5 and the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6, and is used to filter the reflected beam from the transmitted beam.

[0517] In the aforementioned communication system, the first optical module 200 needs to be upgraded to the optical module provided in this embodiment. Furthermore, to enable the reuse of existing optical modules, this embodiment also provides another communication system.

[0518] like Figure 74 As shown, the communication system includes a first communication device 100, a third optical module 700, an optical connector 600, an optical splitter / combiner 300, a second communication device 400, and a second optical module 500. The third optical module 700 is plugged into the first communication device 100. Its optical transmitting port is connected to the optical input component 601 of the optical connector 600, and its optical receiving port is connected to the optical output component 602 of the optical connector 600. The optical bidirectional transmission component 304 of the optical connector 600 is connected to the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6 of the optical splitter / combiner 300 via an optical fiber. The second optical module 500 is plugged into the second communication device 400. Its optical transmitting port is connected to the optical input interface 301 of the optical splitter / combiner 300 via an optical fiber, and its optical receiving port is connected to the optical output interface 302 of the optical splitter / combiner 300 via an optical fiber.

[0519] During the process of the first communication device 100 transmitting signals to multiple second communication devices 400, the first communication device 100 also transmits electrical signals to multiple third optical modules 700. The third optical modules 700 convert the electrical signals into light beams T and transmit the light beams T to the optical connector 600. The optical connector 600 receives the light beams T transmitted by the multiple third optical modules 700, combines the multiple light beams T, and transmits them to the optical splitter / combiner 300 through the optical bidirectional transmission component 604. The optical splitter / combiner 300 splits the received light beams into multiple light beams T, and transmits each light beam T to a second optical module 500 through an optical output interface 302. The second optical module 500 converts the received light beams into electrical signals and transmits them to the second communication devices 400.

[0520] During the process of multiple second communication devices 400 sending signals to the first communication device 100, the second communication devices 400 send electrical signals to the second optical modules 500. The second optical modules 500 convert the electrical signals into light beams and send them to the optical input interface 301 of the optical splitter / combiner 300. The light beams sent by each second optical module 500 have different wavelengths. The optical splitter / combiner 300 combines the received multiple light beams and sends them to the optical connector 600 through the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6. The optical connector 600 splits the received light beams into multiple light beams R, and sends each light beam R to the third optical module 700 through an optical output component 602. The third optical module 700 receives the light beam R, converts it into an electrical signal, and sends it to the first communication device 700.

[0521] As can be seen from the above, multiple third optical modules 700 and an optical connector 600 function as a first optical module 200. The optical connector 600 converts the optical ports of the multiple third optical modules 700 into a bidirectional optical transmission component 604. Similar to the first optical module 200, how to extend the wavelength range of the light beam transmitted by the bidirectional optical transmission component 604 is also a key technical issue.

[0522] The optical connector 600 provided in the embodiments of this disclosure will now be described by way of example.

[0523] like Figure 75 As shown, the optical connector 600 includes multiple optical input components 601, multiple optical output components 602, a connector body 603, and a bidirectional optical transmission component 604. The connector body 603 internally houses an optical ring device 4 and a beam splitter / combiner assembly 5. In the first direction of light transmission, each optical input component 601 sends a single beam T to the optical ring device 4, and different optical input components 601 send beams of different wavelengths. The optical ring device 4 sends multiple beams T of different wavelengths to the beam splitter / combiner assembly 5. The beam splitter / combiner assembly 5 combines the multiple beams T of different wavelengths and transmits the combined beam through the bidirectional optical transmission component 604. In the second direction of light transmission, the beam splitter / combiner assembly 5 splits the beam received by the bidirectional optical transmission component 604 into multiple beams R of different wavelengths and transmits the multiple beams R of different wavelengths to the optical ring device 4. The optical ring device 4 transmits the multiple beams R of different wavelengths through the multiple optical output components 602 respectively.

[0524] The technical solution provided in this disclosure involves transmitting multiple beams of different wavelengths in the optical ring device 4 of the optical connector 600. Since these multiple beams have different transmission paths in the optical ring device 4, the optical ring device 4 can process each beam separately. For example, different magnetic fields can be applied along the transmission paths of the multiple beams of different wavelengths. Thus, although the wavelength range of each beam still cannot exceed the upper limit wavelength range, the wavelength range of the beam after combining the multiple beams—that is, the wavelength range of the beam transmitted by the bidirectional optical transmission component 604—can exceed the upper limit wavelength range. Therefore, by setting the optical ring device 4 to process multiple beams of different wavelengths separately, this disclosure expands the wavelength range of beams that the optical ring device 4 can handle, thereby expanding the single-fiber wavelength capacity of the optical connector 600.

[0525] Assuming that the wavelength range of each beam incident on the optical connector 600 is the upper limit wavelength range, and the optical path incident on the optical ring device 4 is N, then the wavelength range of the beams that the optical ring device 4 can handle is equal to N times the upper limit wavelength range.

[0526] The wavelength ranges of the beams transmitted by beams T and R are described above and will not be repeated here. The wavelength range of the beam transmitted by the bidirectional optical transmission component 604 is the same as that of the beam transmitted by the single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6, and will not be repeated here.

[0527] The form of the optical connector 600 is not limited in the embodiments disclosed herein; the following is an exemplary description.

[0528] In some examples, such as Figure 80 - Figure 83 , Figure 85 - Figure 88 , Figure 90 - Figure 93 As shown, the optical input component 601 and the optical output component 602 are fiber optic connectors, both fixed to the connector body 603. This results in better overall integrity of the optical connector 600. Specifically, the optical input component 601 is inserted into the optical transmitting port of the third optical module 700, and the optical output component 602 is inserted into the optical receiving port of the third optical module 700.

[0529] In some examples, such as Figure 80 - Figure 83 , Figure 85 - Figure 88 , Figure 90 - Figure 93 As shown, the optical input component 601 and the optical output component 602 are arranged in the form of fiber optic connector pairs, each fiber optic connector pair including one optical input component 601 and one optical output component 602. This facilitates the mating of the optical connector 600 with the third optical module 700. The optical input component 601 and the optical output component 602 included in each fiber optic connector pair are used to insert into the optical transmitting port and optical receiving port of the same third optical module 700.

[0530] In other examples, such as Figure 94 and Figure 97 As shown, the optical input component 601 and the optical output component 602 are optical fiber connectors, and both are connected to the connector body 603 via flexible optical cables.

[0531] The technical solution provided in this disclosure provides that by setting the optical input component 601 and the optical output component 602 to be connected to the connector body 603 via a flexible optical cable, the optical fiber connectors will not interfere with each other during the docking process between the optical fiber connectors and the third optical module 700, ensuring the smooth docking of the optical fiber connectors and the third optical module 700, and reducing the manufacturing precision of the optical fiber connectors, thus saving costs.

[0532] In some examples, such as Figure 98As shown, the optical input component 601 and the optical output component 602 are optical fiber interfaces, and both are located in the connector body 603.

[0533] In some examples, such as Figure 99 As shown, the optical bidirectional transmission component 604 is an optical fiber interface and is located in the connector body 603.

[0534] In some examples, such as Figure 96 and Figure 97 As shown, the optical bidirectional transmission component 604 is an optical fiber interface or optical fiber connector, and is connected to the connector body 603 via a flexible optical cable.

[0535] This disclosure does not limit the type of fiber optic connector for the optical input component 601, optical output component 602, and optical bidirectional transmission component 604. Exemplarily, the fiber optic connector type may be a Lucent connector / local connector (LC), a subscriber connector / standard connector / square connector (SC), or a multi-fiber push-on (MPO) connector. In the accompanying drawings of this disclosure, all fiber optic connectors are of type LC.

[0536] The embodiments disclosed herein do not limit the structure of the ferrule end face of the fiber optic connector. For example, the ferrule end face of the fiber optic connector may be a physical contact (PC) end face, an angled physical contact (APC) end face, or an ultra-physical contact (UPC) end face.

[0537] The implementation of the optical ring device 4 and the transmitting and receiving optical paths of the optical connector 600 will be described below with reference to the specific number of optical input components 601 and optical output components 602.

[0538] (1) In some examples, such as Figure 76 and Figure 77As shown, the plurality of optical input components 601 include a first optical input component 601a and a second optical input component 601b. The plurality of optical output components 602 include a first optical output component 602a and a second optical output component 602b. The first optical input component 601a and the first optical output component 602a are respectively used to interface with the optical transmitting port and optical receiving port of a first third optical module 700, which is used to transmit and receive beams of a first wavelength band. The second optical input component 601b and the second optical output component 602b are respectively used to interface with the optical transmitting port and optical receiving port of a second third optical module 700, which is used to transmit and receive beams of a second wavelength band.

[0539] In the first direction of light transmission, the first optical input unit 601a receives a first-band light beam T transmitted by the first third optical module 700. The second optical input unit 601b receives a second-band light beam T transmitted by the second third optical module 700. Optical ring device 4 ( Figure 76 The first optical circulator 40a and the second optical circulator 40b are shown in the middle. Figure 77 The first optical circulator 40a) receives the first-band beam T and the second-band beam T, and transmits the first-band beam T and the second-band beam T to the beam splitter / combiner 5. The beam splitter / combiner 5 combines the first-band beam T and the second-band beam T, and transmits the combined beam externally through the optical bidirectional transmission component 604.

[0540] In the second direction of light transmission, the beam splitter / combiner 5 splits the light beam received by the bidirectional optical transmission component 604 into a first-band beam R and a second-band beam R, and sends the first-band beam R and the second-band beam R to the optical ring device 4. The optical ring device 4 sends the first-band beam R to the first third optical module 700 through the first optical output component 602a, and sends the second-band beam R to the second third optical module 700 through the second optical output component 602b.

[0541] As can be seen, the optical connector 600 can convert the four optical ports of the two third optical modules 700 into a single optical bidirectional transmission component 604, realizing single-fiber bidirectional transmission of optical signals from the two third optical modules 700.

[0542] In some examples, such as Figure 80 and Figure 81 As shown, there are two fiber optic connector pairs, arranged horizontally. These two fiber optic connector pairs are used to mate with two horizontally arranged third optical modules 700. In other examples, such as... Figure 82 and Figure 83 As shown, there are two fiber optic connector pairs, arranged longitudinally. These two fiber optic connector pairs are used to interface with the two longitudinally arranged third optical modules 700.

[0543] One fiber optic connector pair includes a first optical input component 601a and a first optical output component 602a. The other fiber optic connector pair includes a second optical input component 601b and a second optical output component 602b.

[0544] In some examples, in order for the optical ring device 4 to effectively process both the first-band and second-band beams, such as Figure 78 and Figure 79 As shown, the optical ring device 4 includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410a and a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410b. The first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410a operates in a wavelength band covering a first wavelength band and is used to adjust the polarization direction of the beam in the first wavelength band. The second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410b operates in a wavelength band covering a second wavelength band and is used to adjust the polarization direction of the beam in the second wavelength band.

[0545] The first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410a is located on the transmission path of the two polarization states of the beam split from the beam in the first band, and is used to perform a first adjustment on the polarization direction of the two polarization states of the beam split from beam T, and a second adjustment on the polarization direction of the two polarization states of the beam split from beam R. The second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410b is located on the transmission path of the two polarization states of the beam split from the beam in the second band, and is used to perform a first adjustment on the polarization direction of the two polarization states of the beam split from beam T, and a second adjustment on the polarization direction of the two polarization states of the beam split from beam R. The first adjustment and the second adjustment are different; for example, one of the first adjustment and the second adjustment is to rotate the polarization direction of the beam by 90°, and the other is to keep the polarization direction of the beam unchanged.

[0546] In some examples, the first optical circulator 40a includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410a, and the second optical circulator 40b includes a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410b. For example... Figure 76 As shown, in the first direction of light transmission, a first optical circulator 40a receives a first-band light beam T from a first optical input component 601a and transmits the first-band light beam T to the wave splitter / combiner component 5. A second optical circulator 40b receives a second-band light beam T from a second optical input component 601b and transmits the second-band light beam T to the wave splitter / combiner component 5. In the second direction of light transmission, the first optical circulator 40a receives a first-band light beam R from the wave splitter / combiner component 5 and transmits the first-band light beam R through a first optical output component 602a. The second optical circulator 40b receives a second-band light beam R from the wave splitter / combiner component 5 and transmits the second-band light beam R through a second optical output component 602b.

[0547] In other examples, such as Figure 78 and Figure 79 As shown, the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410a and the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410b are located in the same optical circulator 40 (first optical circulator 40a). Figure 78 As shown, in the first direction of light transmission, the first optical circulator 40a is used to receive a first-band light beam T from the first optical input component 601a, receive a second-band light beam T from the second optical input component 601b, and transmit the first-band light beam T and the second-band light beam T to the wave splitter / combiner assembly 5. Figure 79 As shown, in the second transmission direction of light, the first optical circulator 40a is used to receive the first band beam R and the second band beam R from the wave splitting and combining component 5, transmit the first band beam R through the first optical output component 602a, and transmit the second band beam R through the second optical input component 601b.

[0548] In some examples, such as Figure 78 and Figure 79 As shown, the first optical circulator 40a includes a non-reciprocal polarization rotation component 41, a first polarization splitting and combining component 42, and a second polarization splitting and combining component 43. The non-reciprocal polarization rotation component 41 includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410a and a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410b. The first polarization splitting and combining component 42 is located in the optical path between the first optical input component 601a, the second optical input component 601b, and the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component 41, and also in the optical path between the first optical output component 602a, the second optical output component 602b, and the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component 41. The second polarization splitting and combining component 43 is located in the optical path between the splitting and combining component 5 and the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component 41.

[0549] For details regarding the implementation and arrangement of the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410a and the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410b, please refer to the foregoing content, which will not be repeated here.

[0550] In some examples, such as Figure 78 As shown, in the first direction of light transmission, the first polarization splitting and combining optical component 42 polarizes and splits the first-band beam T and the second-band beam T, sending the two polarization states of the split beam T to the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410a, and sending the two polarization states of the split beam T to the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410b. The second polarization splitting and combining optical component 43 combines the two polarization states of the beams sent by the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410a into the first-band beam T, and combines the two polarization states of the beams sent by the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410b into the second-band beam T, and sends the first-band beam T and the second-band beam T to the splitting and combining optical component 5.

[0551] like Figure 79As shown, in the second light transmission direction, the second polarization splitting and combining optical component 43 polarizes and splits the first-band beam R and the second-band beam R. The two polarization states of the split first-band beam R are sent to the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410a, and the two polarization states of the split second-band beam R are sent to the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410b. The first polarization splitting and combining optical component 42 combines the two polarization states of the beam sent from the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410a into the first-band beam R, and combines the two polarization states of the beam sent from the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section 410b into the second-band beam R. The first-band beam R is sent through the first light output component 602a, and the second-band beam R is sent through the second light output component 602b.

[0552] For details on the implementation of the first polarization splitting and combining optical component 42 and the second polarization splitting and combining optical component 43, please refer to the foregoing content, which will not be repeated here.

[0553] For details on the implementation of the wave splitter / combiner component 5, please refer to the above-mentioned content on wave splitter / combiner component 5 for combining two beams of different wavelengths and splitting one beam into two beams of different wavelengths, which will not be repeated here.

[0554] In some examples, the optical connector 600 also includes distinguishing markings. These markings are used to differentiate the first optical input component 601a and the second optical input component 601b, and to differentiate the first optical output component 602a and the second optical output component 602b. The distinguishing markings can be text markings, color markings, or numerical markings, etc.

[0555] The technical solution provided in this disclosure, by setting distinguishing identifiers, enables users to accurately connect the first optical input component 601a and the first optical output component 602a to the third optical module 700 for transmitting and receiving beams in the first band, and to connect the second optical input component 601b and the second optical output component 602b to the third optical module 700 for transmitting and receiving beams in the second band.

[0556] It should be noted that if the connection is incorrect, for example, if the first optical input component 601a is connected to the third optical module 700 used to transmit and receive the second band beam, the first optical input component 601a will introduce the second band beam T, and the second band beam T will pass through the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation part 410a of the optical ring device 4 instead of the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation part 410b. Therefore, the optical connector 600 will not work properly.

[0557] In some examples, such as Figure 80 - Figure 83 , Figure 94 - Figure 97As shown, the first optical input component 601a and the second optical output component 602b are fixed together.

[0558] (2) In some examples, such as Figure 84 As shown, the plurality of optical input components 601 include a first optical input component 601a, a second optical input component 601b, and a third optical input component 601c. The plurality of optical output components 602 include a first optical output component 602a, a second optical output component 602b, and a third optical output component 602c. The third optical input component 601c and the third optical output component 602c are respectively used to interface with the optical transmitting port and optical receiving port of a third optical module 700, which is used to transmit and receive beams in a third wavelength band.

[0559] like Figure 84 As shown, in the first direction of light transmission, the first optical input unit 601a receives a first-band light beam T transmitted by the first third optical module 700. The second optical input unit 601b receives a second-band light beam T transmitted by the second third optical module 700. The third optical input unit 601c receives a third-band light beam T transmitted by the third third optical module 700. Optical ring device 4 ( Figure 84 The first optical circulator 40a) receives beams T from the first band, the second band, and the third band, and transmits these beams to the beam splitter / combiner 5. The beam splitter / combiner 5 combines the beams T from the first band, the second band, and the third band, and transmits the combined beam externally through the optical bidirectional transmission component 604.

[0560] In the second direction of light transmission, the beam splitter / combiner 5 splits the light beam received by the bidirectional optical transmission component 604 into a first-band beam R, a second-band beam R, and a third-band beam R, and sends these beams to the optical ring device 4. The optical ring device 4 then sends the first-band beam R to the first third optical module 700 through the first optical output component 602a, the second-band beam R to the second third optical module 700 through the second optical output component 602b, and the third-band beam R to the third third optical module 700 through the third optical output component 602c.

[0561] As can be seen, the optical connector 600 can convert the six optical ports of the three third optical modules 700 into a single optical bidirectional transmission component 604, realizing single-fiber bidirectional transmission of optical signals from the three third optical modules 700.

[0562] In some examples, such as Figure 85 and Figure 86 As shown, there are two or three fiber optic connector pairs arranged horizontally. These three fiber optic connector pairs are used to mate with three horizontally arranged third optical modules 700. In other examples, such as... Figure 87 and Figure 88 As shown, there are three fiber optic connector pairs, arranged longitudinally. These three fiber optic connector pairs are used to interface with the three longitudinally arranged third optical modules 700.

[0563] The third fiber optic connector includes a third optical input component 601c and a third optical output component 602c.

[0564] For details on the implementation of the optical ring device 4, please refer to the above-mentioned content on the optical ring device 4 capable of processing three beams of different wavelengths, which will not be repeated here.

[0565] For details on the implementation of the wave splitter / combiner component 5, please refer to the above-mentioned content on wave splitter / combiner component 5 for combining three beams of different wavelengths and splitting one beam into three beams of different wavelengths, which will not be repeated here.

[0566] In some examples, the optical connector 600 includes distinguishing identifiers for differentiating the first optical input component 601a, the second optical input component 601b, and the third optical input component 601c, and for differentiating the first optical output component 602a, the second optical output component 602b, and the third optical output component 602c.

[0567] In some examples, such as Figure 85 - Figure 88 , Figure 94 - Figure 97 As shown, the third optical input component 601c and the third optical output component 602c are fixed together.

[0568] (3) In some examples, such as Figure 89 As shown, the plurality of optical input components 601 include a first optical input component 601a, a second optical input component 601b, a third optical input component 601c, and a fourth optical input component 601d. The plurality of optical output components 602 include a first optical output component 602a, a second optical output component 602b, a third optical output component 602c, and a fourth optical output component 602d. The fourth optical input component 601d and the fourth optical output component 602d are respectively used to interface with the optical transmitting port and optical receiving port of the fourth third optical module 700, which is used to transmit a beam of light in a fourth wavelength band.

[0569] like Figure 89As shown, in the first direction of light transmission, the first optical input unit 601a receives a first-band light beam T transmitted by the first third optical module 700. The second optical input unit 601b receives a second-band light beam T transmitted by the second third optical module 700. The third optical input unit 601c receives a third-band light beam T transmitted by the third third optical module 700. The fourth optical input unit 601d receives a fourth-band light beam T transmitted by the fourth third optical module 700. Optical ring device 4 ( Figure 89 The first optical circulator 40a and the second optical circulator 40b receive beams T from the first band, the second band, the third band, and the fourth band, and transmit these beams to the beam splitter / combiner 5. The beam splitter / combiner 5 combines the beams T from the first band, the second band, the third band, and the fourth band, and transmits the combined beam externally through the optical bidirectional transmission component 604.

[0570] In the second direction of light transmission, the beam splitter / combiner 5 splits the light beam received by the bidirectional optical transmission component 604 into beams R in the first band, R in the second band, R in the third band, and R in the fourth band, and sends these beams to the optical ring device 4. The optical ring device 4 sends the beam R in the first band to the first third optical module 700 through the first optical output component 602a, the beam R in the second band to the second third optical module 700 through the second optical output component 602b, the beam R in the third band to the third third optical module 700 through the third optical output component 602c, and the beam R in the fourth band to the fourth third optical module 700 through the fourth optical output component 602d.

[0571] As can be seen, the optical connector 600 can convert the eight optical ports of the four third optical modules 700 into a single optical bidirectional transmission component 604, realizing single-fiber bidirectional transmission of optical signals from the four third optical modules 700.

[0572] In some examples, such as Figure 90 and Figure 91 As shown, there are four fiber optic connector pairs, arranged horizontally. These four fiber optic connector pairs are used to mate with four horizontally arranged third optical modules 700. In other examples, such as... Figure 92 and Figure 93 As shown, there are four fiber optic connector pairs, arranged in a two-horizontal-two-vertical configuration. These four fiber optic connector pairs are used to interface with the four third optical modules 700 arranged in a two-horizontal-two-vertical configuration.

[0573] The fourth fiber optic connector includes a fourth optical input component 601d and a fourth optical output component 602d.

[0574] For details on the implementation of the optical ring device 4, please refer to the above-mentioned content on the optical ring device 4 capable of processing four beams of different wavelengths, which will not be repeated here.

[0575] For details on the implementation of the wave splitter / combiner component 5, please refer to the above-mentioned content on wave splitter / combiner component 5 for combining four beams of different wavelengths and splitting one beam into four beams of different wavelengths, which will not be repeated here.

[0576] In some examples, the optical connector 600 also includes distinguishing identifiers. The distinguishing identifiers are used to differentiate the first optical input component 601a, the second optical input component 601b, the third optical input component 601c, and the fourth optical input component 601d, and to differentiate the first optical output component 602a, the second optical output component 602b, the third optical output component 602c, and the fourth optical output component 602d.

[0577] In some examples, such as Figure 90 - Figure 97 As shown, the fourth optical input component 601d and the fourth optical output component 602d are fixed together.

[0578] In some examples, the optical connector 600 also includes a mode filter 7. The mode filter 7 is located in the optical path between the wave splitter / combiner assembly 5 and the bidirectional optical transmission component 604. The mode filter 7 is capable of filtering the reflected beam from the transmitted beam, thereby reducing interference from the reflected beam to the received beam.

[0579] In some examples, such as Figure 100 and Figure 101 As shown, in the case where the optical splitter / combiner 300 has multiple (e.g., two) single-fiber bidirectional optical interfaces 6, the two single-fiber bidirectional optical interfaces 6 of the optical splitter / combiner 300 are respectively connected to the bidirectional optical transmission components 604 of the two optical connectors 600 via optical fibers. In this way, the optical splitter / combiner 300 can send the same optical signal to the first communication device 100 through two optical fibers, realizing dual uplink protection of the optical signal and improving the reliability of the communication system.

[0580] In some examples, such as Figure 100 As shown, the two optical connectors 600 connected to the optical splitter / combiner 300 are mated with the same first communication device 100. In other examples, such as Figure 101 As shown, the two optical connectors 600 connected to the optical splitter 300 are docked with different first communication devices 100.

[0581] This disclosure also provides an optical component. The optical component includes an optical ring device 4. The implementation of the optical ring device 4 is described above and will not be repeated here.

[0582] In some examples, such as Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown, the optical ring device 4 includes an optical circulator 40 comprising a non-reciprocal polarization rotation component 41, a first polarization splitting and combining optical component 42, and a second polarization splitting and combining optical component 43. The non-reciprocal polarization rotation component 41 is located in the optical path between the first polarization splitting and combining optical component 42 and the second polarization splitting and combining optical component 43. The non-reciprocal polarization rotation component 41 includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410a and a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410b, the operating wavelengths of the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion and the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion being different.

[0583] The technical solution provided in this disclosure provides that, by setting the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component 41 of the optical circulator 40 to include a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410a and a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410b, one optical circulator 40 can process two beams of different wavelengths separately.

[0584] Furthermore, compared to placing the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410a and the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion 410b in two optical circulators 40, the technical solution provided by the embodiments of this disclosure only requires one first polarization splitting and combining optical component 42 and one second polarization splitting and combining optical component 43 to achieve the splitting and combining of two beams, realize the reuse of polarization splitting and combining optical components, save the number of polarization splitting and combining optical components, reduce costs, and also improve the integration density of optical devices.

[0585] In some examples, such as Figure 4 , Figure 64 and Figure 75 As shown, the optical components also include a wave-splitting and combining component 5. For example, as... Figure 17 As shown, the wave splitter / combiner component 5 is integrated with the optical circulator 40.

[0586] In some examples, such as Figure 64 As shown, the optical components also include a demultiplexer group 32 and a multiplexer group 22.

[0587] In some examples, such as Figure 4 and Figure 75 As shown, the optical components also include a single-fiber bidirectional optical interface 6.

[0588] In some examples, such as Figure 64 As shown, the optical component also includes a bidirectional light transmission component 604.

[0589] In some examples, such as Figure 64 As shown, the optical components also include multiple optical input interfaces 301 and multiple optical output interfaces 302.

[0590] In some examples, such as Figure 75 As shown, the optical assembly also includes multiple light input components 601 and multiple light output components 602.

[0591] In some examples, such as Figure 71 As shown, the optical components also include a power divider 303.

[0592] In some examples, such as Figure 27 As shown, the optical components also include a mode filter 7.

[0593] The terminology used in the embodiments of this disclosure is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the disclosure. Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the embodiments of this disclosure should be understood in their ordinary sense by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar words used in this specification and claims do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, "a" or "one," and similar words do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. The terms "comprising," "including," and similar words mean that the elements or objects preceding "comprising" or "including" encompass the elements or objects listed following "comprising" or "including" and their equivalents, but do not exclude other elements or objects. "Upper," "lower," "left," "right," etc., are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly. "A plurality" refers to two or more, unless otherwise expressly defined.

[0594] The above description is merely an optional embodiment of this disclosure and is not intended to limit this disclosure. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the principles of this disclosure should be included within the protection scope of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A communication system, characterized in that, The communication system includes a first communication device (100), a first optical module (200), an optical splitter / combiner (300), a second communication device (400), and a second optical module (500). The first optical module (200) includes an electrical connection component (1), multiple optical transmitting components (2), multiple optical receiving components (3), a first optical ring device, a first wave splitter / combiner component, and a first single-fiber bidirectional optical interface. The electrical connection component (1) is electrically connected to the multiple optical transmitting components (2) and the multiple optical receiving components (3), and is also electrically connected to the first communication device (100). The multiple optical transmitting components (2) include a first optical transmitting component (2a) and a second optical transmitting component (2b). The multiple optical receiving components (3) include a first optical receiving component (3a) and a second optical receiving component (3b). The optical combining and splitting device (300) includes a second optical ring device, a second combining and splitting assembly, a second single-fiber bidirectional optical interface, multiple optical input interfaces (301), multiple optical output interfaces (302), multiple multiplexer groups (22), and multiple demultiplexer groups (32). The multiple optical input interfaces (301) include multiple first optical input interfaces (301a) and multiple second optical input interfaces (301b). The multiple optical output interfaces (302) include multiple first optical output interfaces (302a) and multiple second optical output interfaces (302b). The multiple multiplexer groups (22) include a first multiplexer group (22a) and a second multiplexer group (22b). The multiple demultiplexer groups (32) include a first demultiplexer group (32a) and a second demultiplexer group (32b). The first single-fiber bidirectional optical interface of the first optical module (200) is connected to the second single-fiber bidirectional optical interface of the optical splitter (300) via an optical fiber. The second optical module (500) is plugged into the second communication device (400). The optical transmitting port of the second optical module (500) is connected to the optical input interface (301) of the optical splitter (300) via an optical fiber. The optical receiving port of the second optical module (500) is connected to the optical output interface (302) of the optical splitter (300) via an optical fiber. In the first direction of light transmission, in the first optical module (200), the first optical emitting component (2a) is used to send a first-band light beam T to the first optical ring device; the second optical emitting component (2b) is used to send a second-band light beam T to the first optical ring device; the first optical ring device is used to send the first-band light beam T and the second-band light beam T to the first split-combiner component; the first split-combiner component is used to combine the first-band light beam T and the second-band light beam T, and send the combined light beam to the optical split-combiner (300) through the first single-fiber bidirectional optical interface; in the optical split-combiner (300), the second split-combiner component is used to combine the light beam T of the first band and the light beam T of the second band, and send the combined light beam to the optical split-combiner (300) through the second single-fiber bidirectional optical interface. The received light beam is split into a first-band beam T and a second-band beam T, and the first-band beam T and the second-band beam T are sent to the second optical ring device; the second optical ring device is used to send the first-band beam T to the first demultiplexer group (32a) and to the second-band beam T to the second demultiplexer group (32b); the first demultiplexer group (32a) is used to split the first-band beam T into multiple beams and send the split multiple beams through the multiple first optical output interfaces (302a); the second demultiplexer group (32b) is used to split the second-band beam T into multiple beams and send the split multiple beams through the multiple second optical output interfaces (302b). In the second direction of light transmission, in the optical combining and splitting device (300), the first multiplexer group (22a) is used to combine multiple beams received through the plurality of first optical input interfaces (301a) into a beam R of the first band, and send the beam R of the first band to the second optical ring device; the second multiplexer group (22b) is used to combine multiple beams received through the plurality of second optical input interfaces (301b) into a beam R of the second band, and send the beam R of the second band to the second optical ring device; the second optical ring device is used to send the beam R of the first band and the beam R of the second band to the second combining and splitting assembly; the second combining and splitting assembly... The beam combining component is used to combine the beam R of the first band and the beam R of the second band, and send the combined beam to the first optical module (200) through the second single-fiber bidirectional optical interface; in the first optical module (200), the first beam combining component is used to divide the beam received through the first single-fiber bidirectional optical interface into a beam R of the first band and a beam R of the second band, and send the beam R of the first band and the beam R of the second band to the first optical ring device; the first optical ring device is used to send the beam R of the first band to the first optical receiving component (3a) and send the beam R of the second band to the second optical receiving component (3b).

2. The communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first optical ring device includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion (410a) and a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion (410b). The operating band of the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section (410a) covers the first band, and the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section (410a) is used to adjust the polarization direction of the beam in the first band. The operating band of the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section (410b) covers the second band, and the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section (410b) is used to adjust the polarization direction of the beam in the second band.

3. The communication system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first non-reciprocal polarization rotation section (410a) includes a half-wave plate (411) and a first Faraday rotator (412a), and the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation section (410b) includes a half-wave plate (411) and a second Faraday rotator (412b).

4. The communication system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The first optical ring device includes a first optical circulator (40a) and a second optical circulator (40b). The first optical circulator (40a) includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion (410a), and the second optical circulator (40b) includes a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion (410b). In the first direction of light transmission, the first optical circulator (40a) is used to receive a beam T of the first wavelength band from the first optical emitting component (2a) and send a beam T of the first wavelength band to the first wave splitting and combining component; the second optical circulator (40b) is used to receive a beam T of the second wavelength band from the second optical emitting component (2b) and send a beam T of the second wavelength band to the first wave splitting and combining component. In the second direction of light transmission, the first optical circulator (40a) is used to receive the first wavelength beam R from the first wave splitter / combiner and to send the first wavelength beam R to the first optical receiver (3a); the second optical circulator (40b) is used to receive the second wavelength beam R from the first wave splitter / combiner and to send the second wavelength beam R to the second optical receiver (3b).

5. The communication system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The first optical ring device includes a first optical circulator (40a), which includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion (410a) and a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion (410b). In the first direction of light transmission, the first optical circulator (40a) is used to receive the first band light beam T from the first optical emitting component (2a), receive the second band light beam T from the second optical emitting component (2b), and send the first band light beam T and the second band light beam T to the first wave splitter / combiner component. In the second transmission direction of light, the first optical circulator (40a) is used to receive the first band beam R and the second band beam R from the first beam splitter / combiner, send the first band beam R to the first optical receiver (3a), and send the second band beam R to the second optical receiver (3b).

6. The communication system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first optical circulator (40a) includes a non-reciprocal polarization rotation component (41), a first polarization splitting and combining component (42), and a second polarization splitting and combining component (43). The non-reciprocal polarization rotation component (41) includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion (410a) and a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion (410b). The first polarization splitting and combining optical component (42) is located on the optical path between the first optical emitting component (2a), the second optical emitting component (2b) and the non-reciprocal polarization rotating component (41), and is also located on the optical path between the first optical receiving component (3a), the second optical receiving component (3b) and the non-reciprocal polarization rotating component (41); The second polarization splitting and combining optical component (43) is located on the optical path between the first splitting and combining wave component and the non-reciprocal polarization rotation component (41).

7. The communication system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first optical circulator (40a) includes two first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portions (410a) and two second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portions (410b), which are arranged at intervals. The two first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portions (410a) are respectively used to receive the two polarization states of the beam split from the beam of the first band, and the two second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portions (410b) are respectively used to receive the two polarization states of the beam split from the beam of the second band.

8. The communication system according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, In the first direction of light transmission, the first polarization splitting and combining optical component (42) is used to polarize and split the first band beam T and the second band beam T, send the two polarization states of the first band beam T to the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation part (410a), and send the two polarization states of the second band beam T to the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation part (410b); the second polarization splitting and combining optical component (43) is used to combine the two polarization states of the beam sent by the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation part (410a) into the first band beam T, combine the two polarization states of the beam sent by the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation part (410b) into the second band beam T, and send the first band beam T and the second band beam T to the first splitting and combining optical component; In the second transmission direction of light, the second polarization splitting and combining optical component (43) is used to polarize and split the first band beam R and the second band beam R, send the two polarization states of the first band beam R to the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation part (410a), and send the two polarization states of the second band beam R to the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation part (410b); the first polarization splitting and combining optical component (42) is used to combine the two polarization states of the beam sent by the first non-reciprocal polarization rotation part (410a) into the first band beam R, combine the two polarization states of the beam sent by the second non-reciprocal polarization rotation part (410b) into the second band beam R, send the first band beam R to the first light receiving component (3a), and send the second band beam R to the second light receiving component (3b).

9. The communication system according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The first wave splitting and combining component is integrated with the second polarization splitting and combining component (43).

10. The communication system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first polarization-splitting and combining component includes a prism (50), a filter (51), and a reflective element (52). The prism (50) is attached to the second polarization-splitting and combining component (43). The filter (51) is located between the prism (50) and the second polarization-splitting and combining component (43). The reflective element (52) is coated on the prism (50). In the first direction of light transmission, the filter (51) is used to receive the first band beam T from the second polarization splitter / combiner (43); the reflective element (52) is used to receive the second band beam T from the second polarization splitter / combiner (43) and reflect the second band beam T towards the filter (51); the filter (51) is used to combine the first band beam T and the second band beam T. In the second transmission direction of light, the filter (51) is used to split the received light beam into a first band light beam R and a second band light beam R, send the first band light beam R to the second polarization splitting and combining light assembly (43), and send the second band light beam R to the reflective element (52); the reflective element (52) is used to reflect the second band light beam R to the second polarization splitting and combining light assembly (43).

11. The communication system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The plurality of light emitting components (2) further include a third light emitting component (2c), the plurality of light receiving components (3) further include a third light receiving component (3c), the first optical ring device further includes a third non-reciprocal polarization rotation part (410c), the operating band of the third non-reciprocal polarization rotation part (410c) covers the third band, and the third non-reciprocal polarization rotation part (410c) is used to adjust the polarization direction of the light beam in the third band; In the first direction of light transmission, the third optical emitting component (2c) is used to send the third-band light beam T to the first optical ring device; the first optical ring device is also used to send the third-band light beam T to the first split-and-combiner component; the first split-and-combiner component is used to combine the first-band light beam T, the second-band light beam T and the third-band light beam T, and send the combined light beam to the outside through the first single-fiber bidirectional optical interface. In the second transmission direction of light, the first beam splitter / combiner is used to split the beam received through the first single-fiber bidirectional optical interface into a beam R of the first band, a beam R of the second band, and a beam R of the third band, and send the beam R of the first band, the beam R of the second band, and the beam R of the third band to the first optical ring device; the first optical ring device is also used to send the beam R of the third band to the third optical receiving component (3c).

12. The communication system according to claim 11, characterized in that, The first optical ring device includes a first optical circulator (40a), which includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion (410a), a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion (410b), and a third non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion (410c). In the first direction of light transmission, the first optical circulator (40a) is used to receive a beam T of the first band from the first optical emitting component (2a), receive a beam T of the second band from the second optical emitting component (2b), receive a beam T of the third band from the third optical emitting component (2c), and transmit the beam T of the first band, the beam T of the second band, and the beam T of the third band to the first beam splitter / combiner component; In the second transmission direction of light, the first optical circulator (40a) is used to receive the first band beam R, the second band beam R and the third band beam R from the first beam splitter / combiner, send the first band beam R to the first optical receiver (3a), send the second band beam R to the second optical receiver (3b), and send the third band beam R to the third optical receiver (3c).

13. The communication system according to claim 11, characterized in that, The plurality of light emitting components (2) further include a fourth light emitting component (2d), the plurality of light receiving components (3) further include a fourth light receiving component (3d), the first optical ring device further includes a fourth non-reciprocal polarization rotation part (410d), the operating band of the fourth non-reciprocal polarization rotation part (410d) covers the fourth band, and the fourth non-reciprocal polarization rotation part (410d) is used to adjust the polarization direction of the light beam in the fourth band; In the first direction of light transmission, the fourth optical emitting component (2d) is used to send the fourth-band beam T to the first optical ring device; the first optical ring device is also used to send the fourth-band beam T to the first beam splitter / combiner; the first beam splitter / combiner is used to combine the first-band beam T, the second-band beam T, the third-band beam T and the fourth-band beam T, and send the combined beam externally through the first single-fiber bidirectional optical interface; In the second transmission direction of light, the first beam splitter / combiner is used to split the light beam received through the first single-fiber bidirectional optical interface into a beam R of the first band, a beam R of the second band, a beam R of the third band, and a beam R of the fourth band, and send the beam R of the first band, the beam R of the second band, the beam R of the third band, and the beam R of the fourth band to the first optical ring device; the first optical ring device is also used to send the beam R of the fourth band to the fourth optical receiving component (3d).

14. The communication system according to claim 13, characterized in that, The first optical ring device includes a first optical circulator (40a) and a second optical circulator (40b). The first optical circulator (40a) includes a first non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion (410a) and a second non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion (410b). The second optical circulator (40b) includes a third non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion (410c) and a fourth non-reciprocal polarization rotation portion (410d). In the first direction of light transmission, the first optical circulator (40a) is used to receive a beam T of the first wavelength band from the first optical emitting component (2a), receive a beam T of the second wavelength band from the second optical emitting component (2b), and transmit the beam T of the first wavelength band and the beam T of the second wavelength band to the first wave splitter / combiner; the second optical circulator (40b) is used to receive a beam T of the third wavelength band from the third optical emitting component (2c), receive a beam T of the fourth wavelength band from the fourth optical emitting component (2d), and transmit the beam T of the third wavelength band and the beam T of the fourth wavelength band to the first wave splitter / combiner; In the second transmission direction of light, the first optical circulator (40a) is used to receive the first band beam R and the second band beam R from the first wave splitter / combiner component, send the first band beam R to the first optical receiver component (3a), and send the second band beam R to the second optical receiver component (3b); the second optical circulator (40b) is used to receive the third band beam R and the fourth band beam R from the first wave splitter / combiner component, send the third band beam R to the third optical receiver component (3c), and send the fourth band beam R to the fourth optical receiver component (3d).

15. The communication system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The wavelength range of both the first band and the second band is less than 170 nm.

16. The communication system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The wavelength range of both the first band and the second band can cover up to eight coarse wavelength division multiplexer (CWDM) bands.

17. The communication system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The wavelength range of the light beam transmitted by the first single-fiber bidirectional optical interface is greater than 200nm.

18. The communication system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The wavelength range of the beam transmitted by the first single-fiber bidirectional optical interface covers at least ten coarse wavelength division multiplexer (CWDM) bands.

19. The communication system according to claim 18, characterized in that, The wavelength range of the light beam transmitted by the first single-fiber bidirectional optical interface covers sixteen CWDM bands.

20. The communication system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The first optical module (200) further includes a mode filter (7), which is located on the optical path between the first wave splitter and the first single-fiber bidirectional optical interface. The mode filter (7) is used to filter the reflected beam that is reflected back from the transmitted beam.

21. The communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrical connection assembly (1) includes a plurality of gold finger connectors (11), which are respectively used to mate with a plurality of female connectors in the communication device.

22. The communication system according to claim 21, characterized in that, Each of the plurality of gold finger connectors (11) is electrically connected to one of the light emitting components (2) and one of the light receiving components (3).

23. The communication system according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that, There are two gold finger connectors (11), which are arranged horizontally or vertically; or, There are three gold finger connectors (11), which are arranged horizontally or vertically; or, There are four gold finger connectors (11), which are arranged horizontally or in a two-horizontal-two-vertical arrangement.

24. The communication system according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that, The first optical module (200) includes an optical interface section (8) and a plurality of electrical connectors (9). The optical interface section (8) has the first single-fiber bidirectional optical interface, and the plurality of gold finger connectors (11) are respectively located in the plurality of electrical connectors (9). The plurality of electrical connectors (9) are arranged at intervals, and each of the electrical connectors (9) is used to be inserted into a port of the optical cage of the communication device.

25. The communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first optical module (200) adopts a C-type pluggable CFP package or CFP2 package. The electrical connection component (1) includes a gold finger connector (11). The gold finger connector (11) has at least one row of functional signal pins (111) and two rows of high-speed signal pins (112). The two rows of high-speed signal pins (112) are used to transmit transmission electrical signals to the plurality of optical transmitting components (2) and to transmit the received electrical signals generated by the plurality of optical receiving components (3) to the communication device.

26. The communication system according to claim 25, characterized in that, The at least one row of functional signal pins (111) and the two rows of high-speed signal pins (112) are located on different sides of the gold finger connector (11), and the two rows of high-speed signal pins (112) are arranged sequentially along the mating direction of the gold finger connector (11).

27. The communication system according to claim 25 or 26, characterized in that, The two rows of high-speed signal pins (112) are used to transmit sixteen transmit electrical signals to the plurality of optical transmitting components (2) and to transmit sixteen receive electrical signals generated by the plurality of optical receiving components (3) to the communication device.

28. The communication system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The first optical module (200) adopts a C-type pluggable CFP package or CFP2 package. The electrical connection component (1) includes two gold finger connectors (11). The two gold finger connectors (11) are located in the same electrical interface of the first optical module (200) and are arranged along the thickness direction of the first optical module (200).

29. The communication system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The optical splitter (300) further includes a power divider (303), and there are multiple second single-fiber bidirectional optical interfaces. The power divider (303) is located on the optical path between the second splitter / combiner component and the second single-fiber bidirectional optical interface. The common end of the power divider (303) is connected to the second splitter / combiner component, and the multiple branch ends of the power divider (303) are respectively connected to multiple second single-fiber bidirectional optical interfaces. The multiple second single-fiber bidirectional optical interfaces of the optical splitter (300) are respectively connected to the first single-fiber bidirectional optical interfaces of the multiple first optical modules (200) through multiple optical fibers.

30. A communication system, characterized in that, The communication system includes a first communication device (100), a third optical module (700), an optical connector (600), an optical splitter / combiner (300), a second communication device (400), and a second optical module (500). The optical combining / splitting device (300) includes a second optical ring device, a second combining / splitting assembly, a second single-fiber bidirectional optical interface, multiple optical input interfaces (301), multiple optical output interfaces (302), multiple multiplexer groups (22), and multiple demultiplexer groups (32); the multiple optical input interfaces (301) include multiple first optical input interfaces (301a) and multiple second optical input interfaces (301b), the multiple optical output interfaces (302) include multiple first optical output interfaces (302a) and multiple second optical output interfaces (302b), the multiple multiplexer groups (22) include a first multiplexer group (22a) and a second multiplexer group (22b), and the multiple demultiplexer groups (32) include a first demultiplexer group (32a) and a second demultiplexer group (32b); The optical connector (600) includes multiple optical input components (601), multiple optical output components (602), a connector body (603), and a bidirectional optical transmission component (604). The connector body (603) has a third optical ring device and a third wave splitter / combiner assembly inside. The multiple optical input components (601) include a first optical input component (601a) and a second optical input component (601b). The multiple optical output components (602) include a first optical output component (602a) and a second optical output component (602b). The third optical module (700) is plugged into the first communication device (100). The optical transmitting port of the third optical module (700) is connected to the optical input component (601) of the optical connector (600). The optical receiving port of the third optical module (700) is connected to the optical output component (602) of the optical connector (600). The optical bidirectional transmission component (604) of the optical connector (600) is connected to the second single-fiber bidirectional optical interface of the optical splitter (300) through an optical fiber. The second optical module (500) is plugged into the second communication device (400). The optical transmitting port of the second optical module (500) is connected to the optical input interface (301) of the optical splitter (300) through an optical fiber. The optical receiving port of the second optical module (500) is connected to the optical output interface (302) of the optical splitter (300) through an optical fiber. In the first direction of light transmission, in the optical connector (600), the first optical input component (601a) is used to send the received light beam T of the first band from the third optical module (700) to the third optical ring device; the second optical input component (601b) is used to send the received light beam T of the second band from the third optical module (700) to the third optical ring device; the third optical ring device is used to send the light beam T of the first band and the light beam T of the second band to the third beam splitter / combiner assembly; the third beam splitter / combiner assembly is used to combine the light beam T of the first band and the light beam T of the second band, and send the combined light beam to the beam splitter / combiner (300) through the optical bidirectional transmission component (604); in the beam splitter / combiner (300), the... The second beam splitter / combiner is used to split the beam received through the second single-fiber bidirectional optical interface into a first-band beam T and a second-band beam T, and send the first-band beam T and the second-band beam T to the second optical ring device; the second optical ring device is used to send the first-band beam T to the first demultiplexer group (32a) and send the second-band beam T to the second demultiplexer group (32b); the first demultiplexer group (32a) is used to split the first-band beam T into multiple beams and send the split multiple beams through the plurality of first optical output interfaces (302a); the second demultiplexer group (32b) is used to split the second-band beam T into multiple beams and send the split multiple beams through the plurality of second optical output interfaces (302b). In the second transmission direction of light, in the optical combining and splitting device (300), the first multiplexer group (22a) is used to combine multiple beams received through the plurality of first optical input interfaces (301a) into a beam R of the first band, and send the beam R of the first band to the second optical ring device; the second multiplexer group (22b) is used to combine multiple beams received through the plurality of second optical input interfaces (301b) into a beam R of the second band, and send the beam R of the second band to the second optical ring device; the second optical ring device is used to send the beam R of the first band and the beam R of the second band to the second combining and splitting assembly; the second combining and splitting assembly is used for The first-band beam R and the second-band beam R are combined and sent to the optical connector (600) through the second single-fiber bidirectional optical interface; in the optical connector (600), the third beam splitter / combiner is used to split the beam received through the optical bidirectional transmission component (604) into a first-band beam R and a second-band beam R, and send the first-band beam R and the second-band beam R to the third optical ring device; the third optical ring device is used to send the first-band beam R through the first optical output component (602a) and send the second-band beam R through the second optical output component (602b).

31. The communication system according to claim 30, characterized in that, The optical input component (601) and the optical output component (602) are optical fiber connectors and are both fixed to the connector body (603).

32. The communication system according to claim 31, characterized in that, The optical input component (601) and the optical output component (602) are arranged in the form of optical fiber connector pairs, each optical fiber connector pair including one optical input component (601) and one optical output component (602).

33. The communication system according to claim 32, characterized in that, The fiber optic connector pair consists of two pairs, which are arranged horizontally or vertically; or... The fiber optic connector pair consists of three pairs, which are arranged horizontally or vertically; or... There are four fiber optic connector pairs, which are arranged horizontally or in a two-horizontal-two-vertical arrangement.

34. The communication system according to claim 30, characterized in that, The optical input component (601) and the optical output component (602) are optical fiber connectors, and both are connected to the connector body (603) via flexible optical cables.

35. The communication system according to claim 30, characterized in that, The optical input component (601) and the optical output component (602) are optical fiber interfaces, and both are located in the connector body (603).

36. The communication system according to any one of claims 30-35, characterized in that, The optical bidirectional transmission component (604) is an optical fiber interface and is located in the connector body (603).

37. The communication system according to any one of claims 30-35, characterized in that, The optical bidirectional transmission component (604) is an optical fiber interface or optical fiber connector, and is connected to the connector body (603) via a flexible optical cable.

38. The communication system according to any one of claims 30-35, characterized in that, The optical connector (600) further includes a distinguishing identifier for distinguishing the first optical input component (601a) and the second optical input component (601b), and for distinguishing the first optical output component (602a) and the second optical output component (602b).

39. The communication system according to any one of claims 30-35, characterized in that, The optical splitter (300) further includes a power divider (303), and there are multiple second single-fiber bidirectional optical interfaces. The power divider (303) is located on the optical path between the second splitter / combiner component and the second single-fiber bidirectional optical interface. The common end of the power divider (303) is connected to the second splitter / combiner component, and the multiple branch ends of the power divider (303) are respectively connected to multiple second single-fiber bidirectional optical interfaces. The multiple second single-fiber bidirectional optical interfaces of the optical splitter (300) are respectively connected to the optical bidirectional transmission components (604) of the multiple optical connectors (600) through multiple optical fibers.

Images