Method for supplying hydrogen produced by methanol reforming to fuel cell for power generation

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen power generation, and provides a method for supplying hydrogen produced by methanol reforming to a fuel cell for power generation, which comprises the following steps: a, a methanol raw material conveying step; b, a methanol heat and material flow matching step; c, methanol reforming hydrogen production; d, hydrogen power generation; e, a hydrogen production system heat recovery step; f, transferring heat by the heat pump device; and g, tail gas feedback control. The system has the beneficial effects of efficient energy conversion, heat coupling integrated optimization, energy recycling, control optimization, equipment collaborative operation and the like. By means of the method, the efficiency and sustainability of the fuel cell power generation system can be improved, and application of clean energy and environmental protection are promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen power generation, and in particular to a method for producing hydrogen through methanol reforming and supplying it to a fuel cell for power generation. Background Art

[0002] Methanol reforming hydrogen production for fuel cell power generation is a clean energy technology that produces hydrogen through methanol reforming and uses fuel cells to electrochemically react hydrogen and oxygen to generate electricity. This technology has the advantages of efficient energy conversion, low carbon emissions, and extensive storage and transmission performance, so it has received widespread attention and research.

[0003] However, the current methanol reforming hydrogen production technology for fuel cell power generation still has some shortcomings:

[0004] Low energy conversion efficiency: The current methanol reforming hydrogen production technology still has room for improvement in terms of heat conversion efficiency. Due to heat loss and by-product formation during the reaction process, the energy conversion efficiency is relatively low, affecting the overall efficiency of the system.

[0005] High requirements for catalyst activity and stability: The methanol reforming hydrogen production reaction requires a catalyst to promote the reaction, but existing catalysts still face challenges in terms of activity and stability. The catalyst activity requirements are high and can achieve efficient methanol reforming reaction under lower temperature and pressure conditions.

[0006] High system complexity and cost: The current methanol reforming hydrogen production technology for fuel cell power generation requires complex equipment and systems to achieve methanol reforming and hydrogen delivery. This increases the complexity and manufacturing cost of the system, limiting the promotion and application of the technology.

[0007] Byproduct treatment and environmental impact: Some byproducts, such as carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, are generated during the methanol reforming process to produce hydrogen. These byproducts have a certain impact on the environment. Current technology needs to further improve byproduct treatment and reduce adverse impacts on the environment.

[0008] Therefore, although the technology of methanol reforming to produce hydrogen for fuel cell power generation has great potential, it still needs to be improved and optimized in terms of energy conversion efficiency, catalyst performance, system simplification and environmental friendliness to further promote its application in the field of clean energy. To this end, the present invention proposes a method for methanol reforming to produce hydrogen for fuel cell power generation to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0009] In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for producing hydrogen by reforming methanol to supply fuel cells for power generation, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0010] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: a method for producing hydrogen by reforming methanol to supply fuel cells for power generation, comprising the following steps:

[0011] a. Methanol raw material transportation step: The methanol raw material stored in the methanol storage container is driven by a delivery pump and transported to the methanol reforming hydrogen production integrated system through a delivery pipeline;

[0012] b. Methanol heat and logistics matching step: Through the design of "compact structure and multi-reaction, multi-process heat coupling integration", the directional precise matching and coupling synergy technology of methanol and water are realized to eliminate reaction hot spots, reduce the concentration of by-products, and enhance heat transfer in a limited space;

[0013] c. Methanol reforming hydrogen production step: Methanol and water undergo reforming reaction under optimized catalyst active component distribution to produce high-quality hydrogen, which is then supplied to the fuel cell;

[0014] d. Hydrogen power generation step: Hydrogen and oxygen undergo an electrochemical reaction in the fuel cell to generate electricity, achieving a highly efficient combination of "hydrogen production" and "power generation";

[0015] e. Heat recovery step of hydrogen production system: make full use of all exhaust heat, combined with the off-gas of the catalytic purification reactor, to provide the required heat for the preheating, gasification and reforming hydrogen production reaction of the reforming raw materials, thereby enhancing the energy efficiency of the system;

[0016] f. Steps of transferring heat by the heat pump device: The heat pump device absorbs the heat discharged by the hydrogen production system, converts it into a high-temperature heat source, and heats the methanol raw material in the transportation pipeline, thereby improving the energy efficiency of the entire system.

[0017] g. Exhaust gas feedback control steps: Use exhaust gas online feedback control technology to timely adjust the fuel ratio under non-steady-state conditions to achieve zero fuel loss in the system and improve power generation efficiency.

[0018] Preferably, the methanol raw material delivery step further includes: using a sensor to detect the liquid level of methanol in the methanol storage container, and controlling the working state of the delivery pump based on the detected liquid level.

[0019] Preferably, the design of "compact structure and multi-reaction, multi-process heat coupling integration" in the methanol heat and logistics matching step further includes: using a microchannel reactor to enhance the heat transfer effect.

[0020] Preferably, the methanol reforming hydrogen production step further comprises: using a nickel-based or copper-based catalyst to carry out the reforming reaction.

[0021] Preferably, in the hydrogen power generation step, the fuel cell used is a solid oxide fuel cell or a proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

[0022] Preferably, the heat recovery step of the hydrogen production system further comprises: preheating the reforming feedstock through a heat exchanger.

[0023] Preferably, the step of transferring heat by the heat pump device further comprises: using a working medium such as R134a or R410a to transfer heat.

[0024] Preferably, the exhaust gas feedback control step further includes: using a PID control strategy to adjust the fuel ratio in real time.

[0025] Preferably, the method further comprises: in the methanol raw material conveying step, filtering the methanol raw material with a filter to remove impurities therein.

[0026] Preferably, the methanol heat and logistics matching step further comprises: achieving optimal reaction efficiency by adjusting the flow ratio of methanol and water.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in:

[0028] (1) Efficient energy conversion: This method produces hydrogen through methanol reforming, and uses a fuel cell to electrochemically react hydrogen and oxygen to achieve efficient energy conversion. Fuel cells, as a clean energy technology, can directly convert chemical energy into electrical energy, while methanol reforming can provide high-quality hydrogen as fuel, thereby significantly improving power generation efficiency.

[0029] (2) Thermal coupling integration optimization: Through the design of "compact structure and multi-reaction, multi-process thermal coupling integration", the directional precise matching and coupling synergy technology of methanol and water can be achieved. This optimized design eliminates reaction hot spots, reduces the concentration of by-products, and enhances the heat transfer effect in a limited space, thereby improving the efficiency of the hydrogen production process.

[0030] (3) Energy recovery: This method makes full use of the heat generated during the hydrogen production process and recovers heat in the hydrogen production system. This heat can be used to preheat the reforming feedstock, gasification process, and reforming hydrogen production reaction, thereby improving energy efficiency and reducing energy waste.

[0031] (4) Control optimization: Through the exhaust gas online feedback control technology, the fuel ratio is adjusted in real time, which can achieve zero fuel loss under non-steady-state conditions and further improve power generation efficiency. This control strategy can ensure the system's operating stability and optimize control performance under different operating conditions.

[0032] (5) Equipment synergy: In this method, the equipment synergy is achieved between the steps of methanol feedstock transportation, heat matching, reforming hydrogen production and hydrogen power generation, complementing each other and enhancing the overall performance of the system. The application of heat pump devices can improve the energy efficiency of the entire system and further optimize the energy conversion process.

[0033] In summary, the method of methanol reforming to produce hydrogen for fuel cell power generation has the beneficial effects of efficient energy conversion, heat coupling integrated optimization, energy recovery and utilization, control optimization and equipment coordinated operation. Through this method, the efficiency and sustainability of the fuel cell power generation system can be improved, and the application of clean energy and environmental protection can be promoted. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the invention, rather than all of the embodiments. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments in the invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0035] Embodiment 1:

[0036] The present invention provides a method for producing hydrogen by reforming methanol to supply fuel cells for power generation, which is specifically:

[0037] Methanol raw material transportation steps:

[0038] a. Methanol storage container: The methanol raw material is stored in a dedicated methanol storage container, and a sensor is installed in the container to detect the methanol liquid level.

[0039] b. Delivery pump: The methanol raw material stored in the methanol storage container is extracted by driving the delivery pump.

[0040] c. Transportation pipeline: The methanol raw material is transported from the storage container to the methanol reforming hydrogen production integrated system through the transportation pipeline.

[0041] Methanol heat and logistics matching steps:

[0042] a. Compact structure and multi-reaction, multi-process heat coupling integrated design: microchannel reactor and optimized catalyst active component distribution are used to enhance heat transfer effect. The internal structure of the microchannel reactor is densely packed, which can fully contact methanol and water, and realize directional precision matching and coupling synergy technology.

[0043] b. Heat transfer optimization: The microchannel reactor and heat exchanger used in the optimized design make the heat transfer between methanol heat and logistics more efficient, eliminate reaction hot spots, reduce by-product concentrations, and improve the reaction efficiency of the overall system.

[0044] Methanol reforming hydrogen production steps:

[0045] a. Catalyst: Choose nickel-based or copper-based catalysts with good catalytic activity and stability to promote the reforming reaction of methanol and water.

[0046] b. Optimize the distribution of active components of the catalyst: By optimizing the distribution of active components of the catalyst, the catalyst can more effectively promote the reforming reaction and produce high-quality hydrogen.

[0047] Hydrogen power generation steps:

[0048] a. Fuel cell selection: Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) or proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) can be selected. These fuel cells can effectively utilize hydrogen and oxygen for electrochemical reactions to generate electricity.

[0049] b. Hydrogen supply: The produced high-quality hydrogen is supplied to the selected fuel cell as its fuel supply.

[0050] Heat recovery steps of hydrogen production system:

[0051] a. Heat exchanger: In the hydrogen production process, all exhaust heat is fully utilized, and the recovered heat is applied to the preheating, gasification and reforming hydrogen production reaction of the reforming feedstock by heat exchanger to improve energy efficiency.

[0052] The steps of heat pump device to transfer heat:

[0053] a. Heat pump device: A heat pump device is used, which can absorb the heat discharged by the hydrogen production system and convert it into a high-temperature heat source.

[0054] b. Methanol raw material heating: Use a heat pump device to heat the methanol raw material in the delivery pipeline to increase its temperature and further improve the energy efficiency of the entire system.

[0055] Exhaust gas feedback control steps:

[0056] a. Exhaust gas online feedback control technology: Utilize the exhaust gas feedback information, adopt PID control strategy to adjust the fuel ratio, and control the methanol usage in the system in real time to match the demand under the current working conditions, thereby improving the system stability and fuel utilization efficiency.

[0057] Filters:

[0058] a. Filter: During the methanol feedstock delivery step, a filter is used to filter the methanol feedstock to remove impurities therein and ensure the purity of the hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell.

[0059] Through the above-mentioned specific implementation methods, a method for producing hydrogen by reforming methanol to supply fuel cells for power generation can be realized, and efficient energy conversion and system efficiency can be obtained, so as to promote the application of clean energy technology in the field of power generation.

[0060] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for producing hydrogen from methanol reforming to supply fuel cells for power generation, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: a. Methanol raw material transportation step: The methanol raw material stored in the methanol storage container is driven by a delivery pump and transported to the methanol reforming hydrogen production integrated system through a delivery pipeline; b. Methanol heat and logistics matching steps: Through the design of "compact structure and multi-reaction, multi-process heat coupling integration", the directional precise matching and coupling synergy technology of methanol and water are realized to eliminate reaction hot spots, reduce the concentration of by-products, and enhance heat transfer in a limited space; c. Methanol reforming hydrogen production step: Methanol and water undergo reforming reaction under optimized catalyst active component distribution to produce high-quality hydrogen, which is then supplied to the fuel cell; d. Hydrogen power generation step: Hydrogen and oxygen undergo an electrochemical reaction in the fuel cell to generate electricity, achieving a highly efficient combination of "hydrogen production" and "power generation"; e. Heat recovery step of hydrogen production system: make full use of all exhaust heat, combined with the off-gas of the catalytic purification reactor, to provide the required heat for the preheating, gasification and reforming hydrogen production reaction of the reforming raw materials, thereby enhancing the energy efficiency of the system; f. The step of transferring heat by the heat pump device: The heat pump device absorbs the heat discharged by the hydrogen production system, converts it into a high-temperature heat source, and heats the methanol raw material in the transportation pipeline, thereby improving the energy efficiency of the entire system; g. Exhaust gas feedback control steps: Use exhaust gas online feedback control technology to timely adjust the fuel ratio under non-steady-state conditions to achieve zero fuel loss in the system and improve power generation efficiency.

2. The method for producing hydrogen through methanol reforming and supplying it to fuel cells for power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The methanol raw material delivery step further includes: using a sensor to detect the liquid level of methanol in the methanol storage container, and controlling the working state of the delivery pump based on the detected liquid level.

3. The method for producing hydrogen through methanol reforming and supplying it to fuel cells for power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The design of "compact structure and multi-reaction, multi-process heat coupling integration" in the methanol heat and logistics matching step further includes: using a microchannel reactor to enhance the heat transfer effect.

4. The method for producing hydrogen through methanol reforming and supplying it to fuel cells for power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The methanol reforming hydrogen production step further comprises: selecting a nickel-based or copper-based catalyst to carry out the reforming reaction.

5. The method for producing hydrogen through methanol reforming and supplying it to fuel cells for power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the hydrogen power generation step, the fuel cell selected is a solid oxide fuel cell or a proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

6. The method of producing hydrogen through methanol reforming and supplying it to fuel cells for power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat recovery step of the hydrogen production system further includes: preheating the reforming raw material through a heat exchanger.

7. The method for producing hydrogen through methanol reforming and supplying it to fuel cells for power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of transferring heat by the heat pump device further includes: using a working medium such as R134a or R410a to transfer heat.

8. The method for producing hydrogen through methanol reforming and supplying it to fuel cells for power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust gas feedback control step further includes: using a PID control strategy to adjust the fuel ratio in real time.

9. The method of producing hydrogen through methanol reforming and supplying it to fuel cells for power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Further including: In the methanol raw material delivery step, a filter is used to filter the methanol raw material to remove impurities therein.

10. The method for producing hydrogen through methanol reforming and supplying it to fuel cells for power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The methanol heat and logistics matching step further includes: achieving the best reaction efficiency by adjusting the flow ratio of methanol and water.