An X-ray-based three-dimensional scanning device for ancient books and documents

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of document scanning and discloses an X-ray-based three-dimensional scanning device for ancient books and documents, comprising: an X-ray source module, a detection module, a main control module, a document positioning and support module, an ink component identification module, an imaging and three-dimensional reconstruction module, and a data storage and processing module; the present invention avoids damage to document materials caused by physical contact, greatly reducing the wear and tear of ancient books during the scanning process; through multi-level scanning, the internal text structure of the ancient book is reconstructed to achieve page-by-page display, and high-definition text images can be obtained even when the document is in a closed state; the absorption difference of X-rays on different component materials is utilized to achieve effective distinction between ink and paper, making the content of the ancient book clearly visible and adapting to different historical ink compositions; non-contact batch scanning of a large number of documents is achieved, meeting the digital protection needs of library collections of ancient books and providing researchers with a more convenient access method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of document scanning, and in particular relates to a three-dimensional scanning device for ancient books and documents based on X-rays. Background Art

[0002] Document scanning devices, such as book scanners or scanning robots, are electronic devices that use optical and digital processing techniques to capture and convert text, images, and other information from paper documents into digital signals. Their primary function is to quickly and efficiently convert paper documents into electronic files for easy storage, transmission, and access. However, opening and closing the scanner physically damages precious ancient books, making them particularly unsuitable for extremely fragile, single-copy documents. Traditional methods cannot access the internal contents without opening the document.

[0003] Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the existing technology are as follows:

[0004] (1) Opening and closing scanning causes physical damage to precious ancient books, which is especially unsuitable for extremely fragile single-copy documents.

[0005] (2) It is difficult to distinguish between ink and paper.

[0006] (3) Traditional methods cannot obtain internal content without opening the document. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an ancient book and document three-dimensional scanning device based on X-rays.

[0008] The present invention is implemented as follows: an X-ray-based three-dimensional scanning device for ancient books and documents comprises:

[0009] X-ray source module, detection module, main control module, document positioning and support module, ink component identification module, imaging and 3D reconstruction module, data storage and processing module;

[0010] The X-ray source module is connected to the main control module and is used to achieve layered scanning of documents by adjusting the power and angle of low-energy X-rays;

[0011] A detection module connected to the main control module, configured to capture tomographic images generated by transmission X-rays using a detector having high resolution and high sensitivity, including a flat panel detector or an imaging plate;

[0012] The main control module is connected to the X-ray source module, detection module, document positioning and support module, ink composition recognition module, imaging and 3D reconstruction module, and data storage and processing module to control the normal operation of each module;

[0013] The document positioning and support module is connected to the main control module and is used to stably support ancient documents on the X-ray scanning table. It is equipped with a non-contact bracket to keep the book closed and accurately locates the scanning range through sensors.

[0014] The ink composition recognition module, connected to the main control module, is used to generate contrast images based on the compositional differences between ink and paper, utilizing the different absorption intensities after X-ray penetration. The device uses artificial intelligence algorithms to identify ink areas and extract text information. It can be trained based on historical data to distinguish ink characteristics from different historical periods and regions.

[0015] The imaging and 3D reconstruction module is connected to the main control module. It uses computer-aided 3D reconstruction algorithms to generate a 3D model of the document's interior from multi-angle X-ray scanning images, clearly displaying the content of each page. Users can adjust the viewing angle and depth during subsequent digitization to obtain image data for different pages.

[0016] The data storage and processing module is connected to the main control module. It is used to store the scanned data in real time through the built-in computer system and process it to generate images. During the processing, image enhancement, noise filtering and artifact removal algorithms are combined.

[0017] Furthermore, the X-ray source module:

[0018] Low-energy X-ray source selection: A low-energy, adjustable X-ray source should be used to avoid potential damage to ancient materials. The X-ray energy should be within a specific range, including 10-30keV, and can be adjusted to suit documents with different paper materials and ink compositions.

[0019] Dynamic power adjustment: Based on the thickness and material of the document, the sensor detects and adjusts the X-ray power in real time to ensure that the X-ray can penetrate the paper layer and reveal the ink without excessive penetration causing damage.

[0020] Multi-angle scanning: Design a rotating X-ray generator so that the X-ray beam can penetrate ancient books at multiple angles, forming multi-angle two-dimensional images to facilitate subsequent three-dimensional reconstruction.

[0021] Furthermore, the detection module:

[0022] High-resolution detector: Use a high-precision flat-panel detector with a resolution of ≥1,000dpi. The detector size must match the size of the ancient book to capture the entire page image.

[0023] Fine-tuning scanning function: The detector should have a fine-tuning function to ensure accurate capture of tomographic images at different depths during the scanning process; by capturing X-ray transmission images at different positions layer by layer, a complete page of information is formed;

[0024] Resolution and contrast optimization: The detector needs to combine automatic gain control and contrast optimization functions.

[0025] Furthermore, the document positioning and support module:

[0026] Non-contact support design: The protective bracket adopts air suspension or magnetic suspension to ensure that the ancient book remains closed during the scanning process without physical contact;

[0027] Positioning sensor: The bracket is equipped with a laser distance sensor to accurately determine the height and width of the document, automatically adjust the height and angle of the bracket, and ensure that the X-ray projection range is always concentrated in the target document area;

[0028] Environmental protection: A sealed protective cover is designed around the bracket to provide a micro-environment with constant temperature and humidity to prevent ancient books from being affected by changes in air humidity and temperature during the scanning process.

[0029] Furthermore, the ink composition identification module:

[0030] Algorithm optimization based on compositional differences: Image processing technology is used to analyze the different absorption intensities of X-rays by different materials. In combination with a deep learning model, the ink area is identified and background interference is eliminated to achieve separation of ink content.

[0031] The precise separation of ink and paper components of ancient books can be achieved through the attenuation model of X-rays;

[0032] Use the X-ray attenuation formula to describe the attenuation of X-rays penetrating ancient book paper and ink; identify the ink area based on the different absorption intensities of X-rays by the material;

[0033] I=I0e -μd

[0034] T: transmitted X-ray intensity, signal intensity detected by the detector;

[0035] I0: intensity of incident X-rays;

[0036] μ: The linear attenuation coefficient of the material; ink and paper have different attenuation coefficients, which helps to distinguish them;

[0037] d: thickness of X-ray penetration;

[0038] Historical data training: The algorithm needs to be trained on a large amount of historical document data; model training includes samples of various ink compositions, colors, and thicknesses to adapt to the diversity of ancient books;

[0039] Intelligent correction function: Automatically adjust recognition parameters to adapt to different paper thickness, fiber structure and ink distribution.

[0040] Furthermore, the imaging and 3D reconstruction module:

[0041] Multi-angle image processing: image registration of X-ray transmission images from different angles, data fusion using computed tomography (CT) technology, and generation of a three-dimensional model of the ancient book;

[0042] Page-by-page content extraction: Through image layering technology, each page of the 3D model is separated for easy subsequent reading and storage; users can view the content page by page, and the system provides page numbering and page turning functions;

[0043] Adaptive denoising and artifact removal: The system uses an adaptive denoising algorithm to remove artifacts generated during the scanning process and optimize the imaging effect;

[0044] 3D reconstruction of scanned images from different angles using 3D reconstruction algorithms;

[0045] After acquiring multi-angle X-ray scanning images, Radon transform and back-projection algorithms are used to construct a three-dimensional model of the ancient book. Through multi-angle projection data, the structure of each page of the ancient book can be restored.

[0046] The Radon transform is described as:

[0047]

[0048] R θ (t): projection value along angle 0, i.e., X-ray images taken from different angles;

[0049] f9xy): attenuation coefficient distribution function inside the ancient book;

[0050] δ: Diracdelta function, used to mark the attenuation value at a certain position;

[0051] The three-dimensional model of the ancient book is reconstructed by performing inverse transformation on the Radon transform of the projection images at multiple angles using the back-projection algorithm. The back-projection formula is as follows:

[0052] f(x'y)=∫0 π R θ (xcosθ+ysinθ)dθ

[0053] The data storage and processing module:

[0054] Real-time data storage: During the scanning process, data is transmitted to the built-in computer system in real time and stored in a high-speed solid-state drive (SSD);

[0055] Post-processing and image optimization: The system automatically performs post-image processing, including image enhancement, noise filtering and edge optimization;

[0056] Secure backup and remote access: Provides cloud-based backup and access interfaces to ensure data security; users can access scan results through remote devices.

[0057] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for three-dimensional scanning of ancient books and documents based on X-rays, comprising:

[0058] Step 1: Using the X-ray source module to use low-energy X-rays by adjusting the power and angle to achieve layered scanning of the document;

[0059] Step 2: The detection module uses a high-resolution and high-sensitivity detector, including a flat-panel detector or imaging plate, to capture the tomographic image generated by the transmitted X-rays. The main control module uses the document positioning and support module to stably support the ancient document on the X-ray scanning table, equipped with a non-contact bracket to keep the book closed. The sensor also accurately locates the scanning range.

[0060] Step 3: The ink composition recognition module generates a contrast image based on the compositional differences between ink and paper, utilizing the differences in absorption intensity after X-ray penetration. The device, combined with an artificial intelligence algorithm, identifies ink areas and extracts text information. It can be trained based on historical data to distinguish ink characteristics from different historical periods and regions.

[0061] Step 4: The imaging and 3D reconstruction module uses a computer-aided 3D reconstruction algorithm to generate a 3D model of the document's interior from the multi-angle X-ray scan images, clearly displaying the contents of each page. Users can adjust the viewing angle and depth during subsequent digitization to obtain image data for different pages.

[0062] Step 5: The scanned data will be stored in real time by the built-in computer system through the data storage and processing module, and processed to generate images; during the processing, image enhancement, noise filtering and artifact removal algorithms are combined.

[0063] Another object of the present invention is to provide a computer device, which includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the steps of the X-ray-based three-dimensional scanning method for ancient books and documents.

[0064] Another object of the present invention is to provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, enables the processor to perform the steps of the X-ray-based three-dimensional scanning method for ancient books and documents.

[0065] Another object of the present invention is to provide an information data processing terminal, which is used to implement the X-ray-based three-dimensional scanning device for ancient books and documents.

[0066] In combination with the above technical solutions and the technical problems solved, the advantages and positive effects of the technical solutions to be protected by the present invention are as follows:

[0067] First, we will address the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and provide some creative technical effects after solving the problems. The details are as follows:

[0068] Protective scanning: Using low-energy X-rays and non-contact support modules, the risk of direct damage to ancient book materials is reduced, achieving contactless digitization.

[0069] High-resolution reconstruction: The generated 3D model uses multi-angle scanning and image processing technology to show the details inside the ancient book, and has the functions of page-by-page viewing and three-dimensional restoration.

[0070] High-definition content presentation: Through denoising, artifact removal, and contrast optimization, clear ink presentation is achieved, effectively distinguishing between paper and ink, and improving content readability.

[0071] Digital protection and sharing: Data storage and cloud backup enable the permanent preservation and remote sharing of ancient books, which is beneficial to academic research and document protection.

[0072] Technical problems solved

[0073] 1. Avoid damage to ancient books: This technology solves the problem of physical damage to ancient books caused by traditional opening and closing scanning, and is particularly suitable for extremely fragile and precious documents.

[0074] 2. Non-contact ink recognition: Based on the differences in X-ray component absorption, it breaks through the problem that traditional visible light scanning has difficulty distinguishing between ink and paper.

[0075] 3. Three-dimensional restoration of the internal contents of ancient books: Through 3D reconstruction technology, the problem of being unable to view the inner pages in a closed state is solved, providing a new digital means for ancient book research.

[0076] Second, the X-ray-based three-dimensional scanning device for ancient books and documents of the present invention solves the problem that traditional technology cannot effectively and losslessly obtain the text and image content inside ancient books in industrial applications, and provides a revolutionary method for the digital protection and restoration of documents.

[0077] 1) Technical problems solved

[0078] Traditional digitization of ancient books and documents relies on direct page turning and high-resolution photography, which inevitably damages precious and fragile documents. Due to the aging of the paper and binding structure of ancient books, direct contact or turning can cause them to break or deform, compromising their subsequent preservation. Furthermore, due to the varying layers and densities of paper, traditional methods struggle to clearly visualize the contents within documents, especially the central sections of heavily bound books. Existing scanning equipment is also limited in its imaging capabilities when performing dense scanning or requiring high-precision resolution, making it difficult to accurately capture every layer of pages.

[0079] 2) Significant technological advancements

[0080] This invention combines X-ray scanning with multi-angle imaging, avoiding direct contact with ancient books and achieving non-invasive 3D scanning. This method not only ensures complete and lossless imaging of each page, but also generates a 3D model of the document through 3D reconstruction technology, allowing users to virtually browse through the ancient book. Specific technical advances include:

[0081] Non-invasive scanning: Using low-energy X-rays to penetrate paper layer by layer, non-contact imaging of the contents of each layer of pages is achieved, reducing physical damage to the document.

[0082] Fine imaging and 3D reconstruction: Multi-angle images captured by high-resolution detectors are processed through a 3D reconstruction algorithm to form a clear content model of each page. Users can freely adjust the angle and depth.

[0083] Ink recognition and text extraction: Based on the differences in X-ray absorption characteristics and AI recognition algorithms, the system can automatically distinguish between ink and paper, extract text content, enhance the restoration effect of ancient book content, and provide recognition support for ink characteristics in different historical periods and regions.

[0084] 3) Value in digital protection and cultural heritage

[0085] This invention enables institutions such as libraries, museums, and humanities and social science research institutes to effectively preserve and display valuable documents. It not only addresses the issues of blurred and lost content during scanning but also provides a new technical approach for the digital preservation and inheritance of cultural heritage. Furthermore, this technology can be extended to a wide range of precious cultural relics and documents, demonstrating significant practicality and innovation in industrial applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0086] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of an X-ray-based ancient book and document three-dimensional scanning device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0087] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a method for implementing an X-ray source module provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0088] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of the X-ray-based three-dimensional scanning method for ancient books and documents provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0089] Figure 1 In: 1. X-ray source module; 2. Detection module; 3. Main control module; 4. Document positioning and support module; 5. Ink component identification module; 6. Imaging and 3D reconstruction module; 7. Data storage and processing module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0090] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0091] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an X-ray-based 3D scanning device for ancient books and documents, comprising:

[0092] X-ray source module 1, detection module 2, main control module 3, document positioning and support module 4, ink component identification module 5, imaging and three-dimensional reconstruction module 6, data storage and processing module 7.

[0093] The X-ray source module 1 is connected to the main control module 3 and is used to achieve layered scanning of documents by adjusting the power and angle of low-energy X-rays;

[0094] The detection module 2 is connected to the main control module 3 and is used to capture the tomographic image generated by the transmission X-ray using a detector with high resolution and high sensitivity, including a flat panel detector or an imaging plate;

[0095] The main control module 3 is connected to the X-ray source module 1, the detection module 2, the document positioning and support module 4, the ink composition recognition module 5, the imaging and 3D reconstruction module 6, and the data storage and processing module 7, and is used to control the normal operation of each module;

[0096] The document positioning and support module 4 is connected to the main control module 3 and is used to stably support the ancient documents on the X-ray scanning table. It is equipped with a non-contact bracket to keep the book closed. It also uses sensors to accurately locate the scanning range.

[0097] The ink composition recognition module 5 is connected to the main control module 3 and is used to generate a contrast image based on the composition differences between the ink and paper, using the different absorption intensities after X-ray penetration. The device uses artificial intelligence algorithms to identify ink areas and extract text information. It can be trained based on historical data to distinguish the characteristics of inks from different historical periods and regions.

[0098] The imaging and 3D reconstruction module 6 is connected to the main control module 3 and is used to generate an internal 3D model of the document using a computer-aided 3D reconstruction algorithm from the multi-angle scanning images of the X-ray, clearly showing the content of each page. The user can adjust the viewing angle and depth during subsequent digitization to obtain image data for different pages.

[0099] The data storage and processing module 7 is connected to the main control module 3 and is used to store the scan data in real time through the built-in computer system and process it to generate images; during the processing, image enhancement, noise filtering and artifact removal algorithms are combined.

[0100] The X-ray-based ancient book and document 3D scanning device of the present invention realizes scanning, imaging and 3D reconstruction of the contents of the book without opening the book through the cooperation of a series of modules, providing a new method for the digital preservation of ancient books and documents.

[0101] First, the X-ray source module adjusts the power and angle of the X-rays, allowing low-energy X-rays to penetrate ancient documents in layers. This module generates multi-angle radiation during the scanning process, ensuring accurate imaging at different layers of the paper. This feature allows X-ray intensity to be adjusted to minimize potential damage to fragile ancient documents while effectively penetrating different materials.

[0102] Second, the detection module uses high-resolution and highly sensitive detectors (such as flat-panel detectors or imaging plates) to capture tomographic images after X-ray penetration. The detection module's precise capture and high sensitivity ensure detailed layering of the scanned image, allowing each page to be presented independently and clearly, providing rich data for subsequent 3D reconstruction.

[0103] Next, the ink composition recognition module uses the different X-ray absorption characteristics to distinguish the composition of ink from that of paper. This module, combined with an artificial intelligence algorithm, analyzes images of varying absorption intensities, automatically identifying ink areas and extracting text information. By learning from historical data, the recognition module can distinguish ink characteristics from different historical periods and regions, facilitating the restoration and identification of text in ancient texts.

[0104] Furthermore, the Imaging and 3D Reconstruction module uses 3D reconstruction algorithms to process multi-angle scanned images into 3D models of ancient texts. This module accurately displays the internal page structure of ancient books, allowing users to flexibly adjust the viewing angle and depth during the subsequent digitization process to selectively extract image data from desired pages. This functionality provides important support for the lossless digitization of ancient books and multi-level research.

[0105] To ensure accurate and stable document scanning, the Document Positioning and Support Module uses a non-contact bracket and precision sensors to position the ancient book. This module supports the book in a closed position on the scanning table, reducing physical pressure on the book and ensuring that each page is precisely positioned during scanning, resulting in clear and stable scan data.

[0106] Finally, the Data Storage and Processing module utilizes a built-in computer system to store and process scanned data in real time. Combining image enhancement, noise filtering, and artifact removal algorithms, this module optimizes image quality and provides clear output for subsequent analysis. This module, through standardized storage and enhancement technologies, provides an efficient and reliable solution for the long-term preservation and use of ancient book data.

[0107] like Figure 2 As shown, the X-ray source module provided by the embodiment of the present invention:

[0108] S101, Low-energy X-ray source selection: Use a low-energy, adjustable X-ray source to avoid potential damage to ancient materials. The X-ray energy should be within a specific range, including 10-30keV, and can be adjusted to suit documents with different paper materials and ink compositions.

[0109] S102, Dynamic Power Adjustment: Based on the thickness and material of the document, the sensor detects and adjusts the X-ray power in real time to ensure that the X-ray can penetrate the paper layer and reveal the ink without excessive penetration causing damage.

[0110] S103, Multi-angle Scanning: Design a rotating X-ray generator so that the X-ray beam can penetrate the ancient books at multiple angles, forming multi-angle two-dimensional images to facilitate subsequent three-dimensional reconstruction.

[0111] The detection module provided by the embodiment of the present invention:

[0112] High-resolution detector: Use a high-precision flat-panel detector with a resolution of ≥1,000dpi. The detector size must match the size of the ancient book to capture the entire page image.

[0113] Fine-tuning scanning function: The detector should have a fine-tuning function to ensure accurate capture of tomographic images at different depths during the scanning process; by capturing X-ray transmission images at different positions layer by layer, a complete page of information is formed;

[0114] Resolution and contrast optimization: The detector needs to combine automatic gain control and contrast optimization functions.

[0115] The document positioning and support module provided by the embodiment of the present invention:

[0116] Non-contact support design: The protective bracket adopts air suspension or magnetic suspension to ensure that the ancient book remains closed during the scanning process without physical contact;

[0117] Positioning sensor: The bracket is equipped with a laser distance sensor to accurately determine the height and width of the document, automatically adjust the height and angle of the bracket, and ensure that the X-ray projection range is always concentrated in the target document area;

[0118] Environmental protection: A sealed protective cover is designed around the bracket to provide a micro-environment with constant temperature and humidity to prevent ancient books from being affected by changes in air humidity and temperature during the scanning process.

[0119] The ink composition identification module provided by the embodiment of the present invention:

[0120] Algorithm optimization based on compositional differences: Image processing technology is used to analyze the different absorption intensities of X-rays by different materials. In combination with a deep learning model, the ink area is identified and background interference is eliminated to achieve separation of ink content.

[0121] The precise separation of ink and paper components of ancient books can be achieved through the attenuation model of X-rays;

[0122] Use the X-ray attenuation formula to describe the attenuation of X-rays penetrating ancient book paper and ink; identify the ink area based on the different absorption intensities of X-rays by the material;

[0123] I=I0e -μd

[0124] T: transmitted X-ray intensity, signal intensity detected by the detector;

[0125] I0: intensity of incident X-rays;

[0126] μ: The linear attenuation coefficient of the material; ink and paper have different attenuation coefficients, which helps to distinguish them;

[0127] d: thickness of X-ray penetration;

[0128] Historical data training: The algorithm needs to be trained on a large amount of historical document data; model training includes samples of various ink compositions, colors, and thicknesses to adapt to the diversity of ancient books;

[0129] Intelligent correction function: Automatically adjust recognition parameters to adapt to different paper thickness, fiber structure and ink distribution.

[0130] The imaging and 3D reconstruction module provided by the embodiment of the present invention:

[0131] Multi-angle image processing: image registration of X-ray transmission images from different angles, data fusion using computed tomography (CT) technology, and generation of a three-dimensional model of the ancient book;

[0132] Page-by-page content extraction: Through image layering technology, each page of the 3D model is separated for easy subsequent reading and storage; users can view the content page by page, and the system provides page numbering and page turning functions;

[0133] Adaptive denoising and artifact removal: The system uses an adaptive denoising algorithm to remove artifacts generated during the scanning process and optimize the imaging effect;

[0134] 3D reconstruction of scanned images from different angles using 3D reconstruction algorithms;

[0135] After acquiring multi-angle X-ray scanning images, Radon transform and back-projection algorithms are used to construct a three-dimensional model of the ancient book. Through multi-angle projection data, the structure of each page of the ancient book can be restored.

[0136] The Radon transform is described as:

[0137]

[0138] R θ (t): projection value along angle 0, i.e., X-ray images taken from different angles;

[0139] f(xy): attenuation coefficient distribution function inside the ancient book;

[0140] δ: Diracdelta function, used to mark the attenuation value at a certain position;

[0141] The three-dimensional model of the ancient book is reconstructed by performing inverse transformation on the Radon transform of the projection images at multiple angles using the back-projection algorithm. The back-projection formula is as follows:

[0142] fxy)=∫0 π R θ (xcosθ+ysinθ)dθ

[0143] The data storage and processing module:

[0144] Real-time data storage: During the scanning process, data is transmitted to the built-in computer system in real time and stored in a high-speed solid-state drive (SSD);

[0145] Post-processing and image optimization: The system automatically performs post-image processing, including image enhancement, noise filtering and edge optimization;

[0146] Secure backup and remote access: Provides cloud-based backup and access interfaces to ensure data security; users can access scan results through remote devices.

[0147] like Figure 3As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an X-ray-based 3D scanning method for ancient books and documents, including:

[0148] S201, using an X-ray source module to use low-energy X-rays by adjusting power and angle to achieve layered scanning of the document;

[0149] S202, the detection module uses a detector with high resolution and high sensitivity, including a flat panel detector or an imaging plate, to capture the tomographic image generated by the transmitted X-ray. The main control module uses the document positioning and support module to stably support the ancient document on the X-ray scanning table, equipped with a non-contact bracket to keep the book closed. The sensor also accurately locates the scanning range.

[0150] S203: The ink composition recognition module generates a contrast image based on the compositional differences between ink and paper, utilizing the different absorption intensities after X-ray penetration. The device, combined with an artificial intelligence algorithm, identifies ink areas and extracts text information. The device can be trained based on historical data to distinguish ink characteristics from different historical periods and regions.

[0151] In step S204, the multi-angle X-ray scanning images of the imaging and 3D reconstruction module are used to generate a 3D model of the interior of the document using a computer-assisted 3D reconstruction algorithm, clearly displaying the content of each page. The user can adjust the viewing angle and depth during subsequent digitization to obtain image data for different pages.

[0152] S205, the scanned data will be stored in real time by the built-in computer system through the data storage and processing module, and processed to generate an image; during the processing, image enhancement, noise filtering and artifact removal algorithms are combined.

[0153] Another object of the present invention is to provide a computer device, which includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the steps of the X-ray-based three-dimensional scanning method for ancient books and documents.

[0154] Another object of the present invention is to provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, enables the processor to perform the steps of the X-ray-based three-dimensional scanning method for ancient books and documents.

[0155] Another object of the present invention is to provide an information data processing terminal, which is used to implement the X-ray-based three-dimensional scanning device for ancient books and documents.

[0156] The present invention is specifically implemented:

[0157] The following is a further refinement of each component and functional module, aiming to fully realize the 3D scanning of ancient books and documents based on X-rays:

[0158] 1. Power and angle control of X-ray source

[0159] Low-energy X-ray source selection: Choose a low-energy, adjustable X-ray source to avoid potential damage to ancient materials. X-ray energy should be controlled within a specific range (e.g., 10-30 keV) to accommodate documents with different paper materials and ink compositions.

[0160] Dynamic power adjustment: Based on the paper thickness and material of the document, the X-ray power is adjusted in real time after being detected by sensors to ensure that it can penetrate the paper layer and reveal the ink without excessive penetration causing damage.

[0161] Multi-angle scanning: Design a rotating X-ray generator so that the X-ray beam can penetrate ancient books at multiple angles, forming multi-angle two-dimensional images to facilitate subsequent three-dimensional reconstruction.

[0162] 2. Capture and fine-tuning of high-resolution detectors

[0163] High-resolution detector: Use a high-precision flat-panel detector (resolution ≥1,000dpi) to ensure that subtle differences in ink can be clearly distinguished without affecting the paper quality. The detector size must match the size of the ancient book to capture the entire page image.

[0164] Fine-tuning scanning function: The detector should have a fine-tuning function to ensure accurate capture of tomographic images at different depths during the scanning process. By capturing X-ray transmission images at different positions layer by layer, complete page information is formed.

[0165] Resolution and contrast optimization: The detector needs to combine automatic gain control and contrast optimization functions to improve the contrast between the ink area and the paper background and reduce noise and artifacts.

[0166] 3. Literature positioning and support module

[0167] Non-contact support design: The protective bracket adopts air suspension or magnetic levitation bracket to ensure that the ancient book remains closed during the scanning process without physical contact.

[0168] Positioning sensor: The bracket is equipped with a laser ranging sensor to accurately determine the height and width of the document, automatically adjust the height and angle of the bracket, and ensure that the X-ray projection range is always concentrated on the area of ​​the target document.

[0169] Environmental protection: A sealed protective cover is designed around the bracket to provide a micro-environment with constant temperature and humidity to prevent ancient books from being affected by changes in air humidity and temperature during the scanning process.

[0170] 4. Ink composition recognition algorithm

[0171] Algorithm optimization based on compositional differences: Image processing technology is used to analyze the different X-ray absorption intensities of different materials. Combined with a deep learning model, it identifies ink areas and eliminates background interference from the paper to achieve ink content separation.

[0172] Historical Data Training: The algorithm is trained on a large amount of historical literature data to improve its accuracy in identifying inks of different ages and compositions. Model training includes samples of various ink compositions, colors, and thicknesses to accommodate a wide range of ancient books.

[0173] Intelligent correction function: Automatically adjusts recognition parameters to adapt to different paper thickness, fiber structure and ink distribution, improving recognition stability and accuracy.

[0174] 5. Imaging and 3D reconstruction module

[0175] Multi-angle image processing: Image registration is performed on X-ray transmission images from different angles, and computed tomography (CT) technology is used for data fusion to generate a three-dimensional model of the ancient book.

[0176] Page-by-page content extraction: Using image layering technology, each page of the 3D model is separated for easy subsequent reading and storage. Users can view the content page by page, and the system provides page numbering and page turning functions.

[0177] Adaptive denoising and artifact removal: The system uses an adaptive denoising algorithm to remove artifacts generated during the scanning process, optimize the imaging effect, and make the content of each page clearer.

[0178] 6.Data storage and processing module

[0179] Real-time data storage: During the scanning process, data is transmitted to the built-in computer system in real time and stored in a high-speed solid-state drive (SSD) to ensure data continuity and integrity.

[0180] Post-processing and image optimization: The system automatically performs post-image processing, including image enhancement, noise filtering, and edge optimization, making text clearer and easier to read and recognize.

[0181] Secure backup and remote access: Provides cloud-based data backup and access interfaces to ensure data security. Users can access scan results from remote devices, facilitating data sharing and collaboration.

[0182] Combining two mathematical formulas accurately describes the workings of X-ray scanning systems, specifically the X-ray attenuation model and the mathematical principles of 3D reconstruction algorithms. These formulas enable precise separation of ink and paper components in ancient books, as well as 3D reconstruction of scanned images from different angles.

[0183] 1. X-ray attenuation formula

[0184] Use the X-ray attenuation formula to describe the attenuation of X-rays penetrating ancient book paper and ink; identify the ink area based on the different absorption intensities of X-rays by the material;

[0185] I=I0e -μd

[0186] T: transmitted X-ray intensity, signal intensity detected by the detector;

[0187] I0: intensity of incident X-rays;

[0188] μ: The linear attenuation coefficient of the material; ink and paper have different attenuation coefficients, which helps to distinguish them;

[0189] d: thickness of X-ray penetration;

[0190] Using this formula, the corresponding image contrast is calculated based on the different absorption intensities exhibited by different materials (ink and paper). Ink has a higher attenuation coefficient, while paper has a lower attenuation coefficient. Leveraging this characteristic, the signal intensity received by the detector reflects the different depths of the ink and paper layers, enabling identification of ink composition.

[0191] 2. 3D reconstruction formula (Radon transform and back projection algorithm)

[0192] After acquiring multi-angle X-ray scan images, a Radon transform and back-projection algorithm are used to construct a 3D model of the ancient book. The multi-angle projection data can be used to restore the structure of each page of the ancient book.

[0193] The Radon transform is described as:

[0194] The Radon transform is described as:

[0195]

[0196] R θ (t): projection value along angle 0, i.e., X-ray images taken from different angles;

[0197] f(x'y): attenuation coefficient distribution function inside the ancient book;

[0198] δ: Diracdelta function, used to mark the attenuation value at a certain position;

[0199] The three-dimensional model of the ancient book is reconstructed by performing inverse transformation on the Radon transform of the projection images at multiple angles using the back-projection algorithm. The back-projection formula is as follows:

[0200] fxy)=∫0 π R θ (xcosθ+ysinθ)dθ

[0201] This method allows X-ray images taken from different angles to reconstruct the internal three-dimensional structure of ancient books. By combining the differences in attenuation coefficients between ink and paper, the contents of each page can be restored layer by layer, thus achieving stereoscopic scanning and 3D reconstruction of ancient books.

[0202] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware. The hardware portion can be implemented using dedicated logic; the software portion can be stored in a memory and executed by an appropriate instruction execution system, such as a microprocessor or dedicated design hardware. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above-mentioned devices and methods can be implemented using computer-executable instructions and / or contained in processor control code, for example, such as a carrier medium such as a disk, CD or DVD-ROM, a programmable memory such as a read-only memory (firmware), or a data carrier such as an optical or electronic signal carrier. The devices and modules of the present invention can be implemented by hardware circuits such as very large-scale integrated circuits or gate arrays, semiconductors such as logic chips, transistors, or programmable hardware devices such as field programmable gate arrays, programmable logic devices, etc., can also be implemented by software executed by various types of processors, or can be implemented by a combination of the above-mentioned hardware circuits and software, such as firmware.

[0203] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made by any technician familiar with this technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention and within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An X-ray-based 3D scanning device for ancient books and documents, characterized in that: include: X-ray source module, detection module, main control module, document positioning and support module, ink component identification module, imaging and 3D reconstruction module, data storage and processing module; The X-ray source module is connected to the main control module and is used to achieve layered scanning of documents by adjusting the power and angle of low-energy X-rays; A detection module connected to the main control module, configured to capture tomographic images generated by transmission X-rays using a detector having high resolution and high sensitivity, including a flat panel detector or an imaging plate; The main control module is connected to the X-ray source module, detection module, document positioning and support module, ink composition recognition module, imaging and 3D reconstruction module, and data storage and processing module to control the normal operation of each module; The document positioning and support module is connected to the main control module and is used to stably support ancient documents on the X-ray scanning table. It is equipped with a non-contact bracket to keep the book closed and accurately locates the scanning range through sensors. The ink composition recognition module, connected to the main control module, is used to generate contrast images based on the compositional differences between ink and paper, utilizing the different absorption intensities after X-ray penetration. The device uses artificial intelligence algorithms to identify ink areas and extract text information. It can be trained based on historical data to distinguish ink characteristics from different historical periods and regions. The imaging and 3D reconstruction module is connected to the main control module. The multi-angle scanning images of X-rays can be used to generate the internal 3D model of the document through the computer-aided 3D reconstruction algorithm, clearly showing the content of each page; Users can adjust the viewing angle and depth during subsequent digitization to obtain image data for different pages; The data storage and processing module is connected to the main control module. It is used to store the scanned data in real time through the built-in computer system and process it to generate images. During the processing, image enhancement, noise filtering and artifact removal algorithms are combined.

2. The X-ray-based 3D scanning device for ancient books and documents as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The X-ray source module: Low-energy X-ray source selection: A low-energy, adjustable X-ray source should be used to avoid potential damage to ancient materials. The X-ray energy should be within a specific range, including 10-30keV, and can be adjusted to suit documents with different paper materials and ink compositions. Dynamic power adjustment: Based on the thickness and material of the document, the sensor detects and adjusts the X-ray power in real time to ensure that the X-ray can penetrate the paper layer and reveal the ink without excessive penetration causing damage. Multi-angle scanning: Design a rotating X-ray generator so that the X-ray beam can penetrate ancient books at multiple angles, forming multi-angle two-dimensional images to facilitate subsequent three-dimensional reconstruction.

3. The X-ray-based 3D scanning device for ancient books and documents as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The detection module: High-resolution detector: Use a high-precision flat-panel detector with a resolution of ≥1,000dpi. The detector size must match the size of the ancient book to capture the entire page image. Fine-tuning scanning function: The detector should have a fine-tuning function to ensure accurate capture of tomographic images at different depths during the scanning process; by capturing X-ray transmission images at different positions layer by layer, a complete page of information is formed; Resolution and contrast optimization: The detector needs to combine automatic gain control and contrast optimization functions.

4. The X-ray-based 3D scanning device for ancient books and documents as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The literature positioning and support module: Non-contact support design: The protective bracket adopts air suspension or magnetic suspension to ensure that the ancient book remains closed during the scanning process without physical contact; Positioning sensor: The bracket is equipped with a laser distance sensor to accurately determine the height and width of the document, automatically adjust the height and angle of the bracket, and ensure that the X-ray projection range is always concentrated in the target document area; Environmental protection: A sealed protective cover is designed around the bracket to provide a micro-environment with constant temperature and humidity to prevent ancient books from being affected by changes in air humidity and temperature during the scanning process.

5. The X-ray-based 3D scanning device for ancient books and documents as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The ink component identification module: Algorithm optimization based on compositional differences: Image processing technology is used to analyze the different absorption intensities of X-rays by different materials. In combination with a deep learning model, the ink area is identified and background interference is eliminated to achieve separation of ink content. The precise separation of ink and paper components of ancient books can be achieved through the attenuation model of X-rays; Use the X-ray attenuation formula to describe the attenuation of X-rays penetrating ancient book paper and ink; identify the ink area based on the different absorption intensities of X-rays by the material; I=I0e -μd T: transmitted X-ray intensity, signal intensity detected by the detector; I0: intensity of incident X-rays; μ: The linear attenuation coefficient of the material; ink and paper have different attenuation coefficients, which helps to distinguish them; d: thickness of X-ray penetration; Historical data training: The algorithm needs to be trained with a large amount of historical document data; Model training includes samples of various ink compositions, colors, and thicknesses to accommodate diverse ancient books; Intelligent correction function: Automatically adjust recognition parameters to adapt to different paper thickness, fiber structure and ink distribution.

6. The X-ray-based 3D scanning device for ancient books and documents as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The imaging and 3D reconstruction module: Multi-angle image processing: image registration of X-ray transmission images from different angles, data fusion using computed tomography (CT) technology, and generation of a three-dimensional model of the ancient book; Page-by-page content extraction: Through image layering technology, each page of the 3D model is separated for easy subsequent reading and storage; users can view the content page by page, and the system provides page numbering and page turning functions; Adaptive denoising and artifact removal: The system uses an adaptive denoising algorithm to remove artifacts generated during the scanning process and optimize the imaging effect; 3D reconstruction of scanned images from different angles using 3D reconstruction algorithms; After acquiring multi-angle X-ray scanning images, Radon transform and back-projection algorithms are used to construct a three-dimensional model of the ancient book. Through multi-angle projection data, the structure of each page of the ancient book can be restored. The Radon transform is described as: R θ (t): projection value along angle 0, i.e., X-ray images taken from different angles; f(x'y): attenuation coefficient distribution function inside the ancient book; δ: Diracdelta function, used to mark the attenuation value at a certain position; The three-dimensional model of the ancient book is reconstructed by performing inverse transformation on the Radon transform of the projection images at multiple angles using the back-projection algorithm. The back-projection formula is as follows: The data storage and processing module: Real-time data storage: During the scanning process, data is transmitted to the built-in computer system in real time and stored in a high-speed solid-state drive (SSD); Post-processing and image optimization: The system automatically performs post-image processing, including image enhancement, noise filtering and edge optimization; Secure backup and remote access: Provide cloud-based backup and access interfaces for data to ensure data security; Users can access scan results from a remote device.

7. A method for 3D scanning of ancient books and documents using an X-ray-based 3D scanning device for ancient books and documents according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The X-ray-based three-dimensional scanning method for ancient books and documents includes: Step 1: Using the X-ray source module to use low-energy X-rays by adjusting the power and angle to achieve layered scanning of the document; Step 2: The detection module uses a high-resolution and high-sensitivity detector, including a flat-panel detector or imaging plate, to capture the tomographic image generated by the transmitted X-rays. The main control module uses the document positioning and support module to stably support the ancient document on the X-ray scanning table, equipped with a non-contact bracket to keep the book closed. The sensor also accurately locates the scanning range. Step 3: The ink composition recognition module generates a contrast image based on the compositional differences between ink and paper, utilizing the differences in absorption intensity after X-ray penetration. The device, combined with an artificial intelligence algorithm, identifies ink areas and extracts text information. It can be trained based on historical data to distinguish ink characteristics from different historical periods and regions. Step 4: The imaging and 3D reconstruction module uses a computer-aided 3D reconstruction algorithm to generate a 3D model of the document's interior from the multi-angle X-ray scan images, clearly displaying the contents of each page. Users can adjust the viewing angle and depth during subsequent digitization to obtain image data for different pages. Step 5: The scanned data will be stored in real time by the built-in computer system through the data storage and processing module, and processed to generate images; during the processing, image enhancement, noise filtering and artifact removal algorithms are combined.

8. A computer device, characterized in that: The computer device includes a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor performs the steps of the X-ray-based three-dimensional scanning method for ancient books and documents as claimed in claim 7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor executes the steps of the X-ray-based three-dimensional scanning method for ancient books and documents as claimed in claim 7.

10. An information data processing terminal, characterized in that: The information data processing terminal is used to implement the X-ray-based three-dimensional scanning device for ancient books and documents as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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