Signal transmission method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses a signal transmission method and device. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a first data block; pre-coding the first data block to obtain a second data block, and mapping the first phase noise pilot frequency block and the second data block to a time-frequency resource for transmission; or determining a second phase noise pilot frequency block according to a preset condition, combining a fourth data block to be transmitted with the second phase noise pilot frequency block to obtain a third signal block, pre-coding the third signal block to obtain a fourth signal block, and transmitting the fourth signal block. According to the method and the device, the data is pre-coded, and the pre-coded data and the phase noise pilot frequency are respectively mapped to the time-frequency resource for transmission, or the data and the phase noise pilot frequency are pre-coded together, and the pre-coded data are mapped to the time-frequency resource for transmission, so that the phase noise pilot frequency can be sent while the data are sent; therefore, the receiving end can reduce or even eliminate the influence of the phase noise according to the phase noise pilot frequency, and the reliability of data transmission can be improved.

Description

Signal transmission method and device Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a signal transmission method and device. Background Art

[0002] Phase noise refers to the random variations in the phase of a communication system's output signal (such as various RF devices) caused by various noise factors. Phase noise is a key indicator of the frequency stability of frequency standards (such as high-stability crystal oscillators and atomic frequency standards). As communication systems operate at increasingly higher frequencies, especially in scenarios with high frequencies (such as carrier frequencies of 70 GHz) and high speeds (such as speeds >250 km / h), the impact of phase noise is becoming increasingly severe, posing a challenge to stable data transmission.

[0003] How to reduce or even eliminate the impact of phase noise and improve the reliability of data transmission is the technical problem to be solved by this application.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a signal transmission method and apparatus, which can reduce or even eliminate the influence of phase noise and improve the reliability of data transmission.

[0006] In a first aspect, a signal transmission method is provided, applied to a transmitting end, comprising: obtaining a first data block; precoding the first data block to obtain a second data block; and mapping the first phase-noise pilot block and the second data block to time-frequency resources for transmission. The precoding of the first data block may be performed using BM-OCDM coding technology, OFDM technology, or other technologies, which are not limited in this application.

[0007] In the above scheme, by precoding the data and mapping the precoded data and the phase noise pilot to time-frequency resources for transmission respectively, it is possible to transmit the phase noise pilot while transmitting the data, so that the receiving end can reduce or even eliminate the influence of the phase noise based on the phase noise pilot, thereby improving the reliability of data transmission.

[0008] In a possible implementation, the second data block includes (MM PTRS )×N data symbols; the first phase noise pilot block includes M PTRS ×N pilot symbols, where M is the sum of the number of subcarriers used to transmit the second data block and the number of subcarriers used to transmit the first phase noise pilot block, M, M PTRS , N is a positive integer. Accordingly, mapping the first phase noise pilot block and the second data block to the time-frequency resource for transmission includes: setting M on each OFDM symbol in N OFDM symbols. PTRSpilot symbols and (MM PTRS ) data symbols.

[0009] Through this implementation, it is possible to add a phase noise pilot in the frequency domain, that is, the first phase noise pilot block and the second data block are signals in the frequency domain.

[0010] In one possible implementation, M PTRS The pilot symbols are evenly spaced across the OFDM symbol.

[0011] This implementation can achieve uniform distribution of pilot symbols in the frequency domain, which is beneficial to improving the reliability of phase-noise pilot transmission.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the pilot signal of the first phase-noise pilot block is a first reference signal, and the first reference signal is related to at least one of a user ID, the number of frequency domain resources of the user, and the number of phase-noise pilots of the user.

[0013] In this way, the pilot signal of the first phase-noise pilot block can be a known signal in the frequency domain, which facilitates the receiving end to parse the phase-noise pilot from the received signal.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the pilot signal of the first phase-noise pilot block causes the value of the third data block at the first time domain position index to be a second reference signal, the third data block is obtained by performing an inverse Fourier transform on the second data block, and the first time domain position index is a first preset index; the second reference signal is related to at least one of a user ID, the number of frequency domain resources of the user, and the number of phase-noise pilots of the user.

[0015] In this way, after the first phase-noise pilot block is transformed into the time domain, the pilot signal in the time domain is a known signal, which facilitates the receiving end to parse the phase-noise pilot from the received signal.

[0016] In one possible implementation, mapping the first phase-noise pilot block and the second data block to time-frequency resources for transmission includes: merging the first phase-noise pilot block and the second data block into a first signal block; performing a Fourier transform on the first signal block to obtain a second signal block, and mapping the second signal block to the time-frequency resources for transmission; the pilot signal of the first phase-noise pilot block causes the value of the second signal block at a first frequency domain position index to be a third reference signal, where the first frequency domain position index is a second preset index; and the third reference signal is related to at least one of a user ID, the number of frequency domain resources of the user, and the number of phase-noise pilots of the user.

[0017] In this way, it is possible to add a phase-noise pilot in the time domain. In other words, the first phase-noise pilot block and the second data block are signals in the time domain.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the time-frequency resources of the first phase-noise pilot block and the time-frequency resources of the second data block are different.

[0019] Through this implementation, data and phase-noise pilot signals can be transmitted on different time-frequency resources, thereby improving the reliability of data transmission.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the first phase noise pilot block includes M PTRS ×N pilot symbols, denoted as M PTRS ×N-dimensional first matrix; the first data block includes (MM PTRS )×N data symbols, expressed as (MM PTRS )×N-dimensional second matrix; wherein M is the sum of the number of subcarriers used to transmit the first data block and the number of subcarriers used to transmit the first phase noise pilot block, N is the number of OFDM symbols, M, M PTRS , N is a positive integer;

[0021] The first column vector X in the first matrix PTRS (:,1) satisfies the following relationship:

[0022]

[0023] Among them, X QAM (:,1) is the first column vector in the second matrix;

[0024] M PTRS dimensional matrix, a is the preset value;

[0025] is a submatrix extracted from the matrix P according to the first time domain position index, the matrix Represents the matrix F M The conjugate transpose of ^ Represents a diagonal matrix of dimension M*M, F M Represents the Fourier transform matrix with dimension M*M;

[0026] is the extracted submatrix of matrix P The submatrix consisting of the remaining elements.

[0027] The nth column vector X in the first matrix PTRS (:,n), satisfying the following relationship:

[0028]

[0029] Among them, X QAM (:,n) is the nth column vector in the second matrix, and the value of n is a positive integer from 2 to N.

[0030] Through this implementation, the value of each phase-noise pilot symbol in the first phase-noise pilot block can be determined, so that the time-frequency resource position of the phase-noise pilot symbol in the finally transmitted signal is at a preset position.

[0031] In a second aspect, a signal transmission method is provided, applied to a transmitting end, the method comprising: determining a second phase-noise pilot block according to a preset condition; combining a fourth data block to be transmitted with the second phase-noise pilot block to obtain a third signal block; precoding the third signal block to obtain a fourth signal block; and transmitting the fourth signal block. Precoding the first data block may be performed using BM-OCDM coding technology, OFDM technology, or other technologies, which are not limited in this application.

[0032] In the above scheme, the phase noise pilot and data are combined and precoded, and the precoded data is mapped to time-frequency resources. This can achieve the sending of the phase noise pilot while sending the data, so that the receiving end can reduce or even eliminate the impact of phase noise, thereby improving the reliability of data transmission.

[0033] In the embodiment of the present application, the preset condition may include: the time-frequency resource position of the phase-noise pilot signal in the finally transmitted signal is a preset time-frequency resource position, so that the receiving end can easily parse the phase-noise pilot signal from the received signal.

[0034] The following describes several specific implementation methods of preset conditions:

[0035] In one possible implementation, the preset conditions include: the value of the fourth signal block at the second frequency domain position index is a fourth reference signal, the fourth reference signal is related to at least one of the user ID, the number of frequency domain resources of the user, and the number of phase noise pilots of the user, and the second frequency domain position index is a third preset index.

[0036] In this implementation, after precoding, the second phase-noise pilot block is a known signal in the frequency domain, which can ensure that the time-frequency resource position of the phase-noise pilot signal in the signal finally transmitted is the preset time-frequency resource position.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the preset conditions include: the value of the fifth signal block at the second time domain position index is the fifth reference signal, the fifth signal block is obtained by inverse Fourier transform of the fourth signal block, the second time domain position index is the fourth preset index, and the fifth reference signal is related to at least one of the user ID, the number of frequency domain resources of the user, and the number of phase noise pilots of the user.

[0038] In this implementation, after the second phase-noise pilot block undergoes inverse Fourier transform, it becomes a known signal in the time domain, which ensures that the time-frequency resource position of the phase-noise pilot signal in the final transmitted signal is the preset time-frequency resource position.

[0039] In one possible implementation, transmitting the fourth signal block includes: performing a Fourier transform on the fourth signal block to obtain a sixth signal block; transmitting the sixth signal block; the preset conditions include: the value of the fourth signal block at the second time domain position index is a fifth reference signal, the fifth reference signal is related to at least one of the user ID, the number of frequency domain resources of the user, and the number of phase noise pilots of the user, and the second time domain position index is a fourth preset index.

[0040] In this implementation, the pilot signal of the second phase-noise pilot block is a known signal, which can ensure that the time-frequency resource position of the phase-noise pilot signal in the signal finally sent is a preset time-frequency resource position.

[0041] In a possible implementation, the second phase noise pilot block includes M PTRS ×N pilot symbols, denoted as M PTRS ×N-dimensional first matrix; the fourth data block includes (MM PTRS )×N data symbols, expressed as (MM PTRS )×N-dimensional second matrix; wherein M is the sum of the number of subcarriers used to transmit the fourth data block and the number of subcarriers used to transmit the second phase noise pilot block, N is the number of OFDM symbols, M, M PTRS , N is a positive integer; the third signal block is represented by a third matrix of M×N dimensions;

[0042] The first column vector X in the first matrix PTRS (:,1) satisfies the following relationship:

[0043]

[0044] Among them, X QAM (:,1) is the first column vector in the second matrix;

[0045] M PTRS dimensional matrix, a is the preset value;

[0046] is a submatrix extracted from the matrix P according to the second frequency domain position index, the matrix Represents the matrix F M The conjugate transpose of ^ Represents a diagonal matrix of dimension M*M, F M Represents the Fourier transform matrix with dimension M*M;

[0047] is the extracted submatrix of matrix P The submatrix consisting of the remaining elements.

[0048] The nth column vector X in the first matrix PTRS (:,n), satisfying the following relationship:

[0049]

[0050] Among them, X QAM (:,n) is the nth column vector in the second matrix, and the value of n is a positive integer from 2 to N.

[0051] In this way, the value of the second phase noise pilot block, that is, the first matrix, can be obtained based on the second frequency domain position index.

[0052] In a possible implementation, the second phase noise pilot block includes M PTRS ×N pilot symbols, denoted as M PTRS ×N-dimensional first matrix; the fourth data block includes (MM PTRS )×N data symbols, expressed as (MM PTRS )×N-dimensional second matrix; wherein M is the sum of the number of subcarriers used to transmit the fourth data block and the number of subcarriers used to transmit the second phase noise pilot block, N is the number of OFDM symbols, M, M PTRS , N is a positive integer; the third signal block is represented by a third matrix of M×N dimensions;

[0053] The first column vector X in the first matrix PTRS (:,1) satisfies the following relationship:

[0054]

[0055] Among them, X QAM (:,1) is the first column vector in the second matrix;

[0056] M PTRS dimensional matrix, a is the preset value;

[0057] is a submatrix extracted from the matrix P according to the second time domain position index, the matrix Represents the matrix F M The conjugate transpose of ^ Represents a diagonal matrix of dimension M*M, F M Represents the Fourier transform matrix with dimension M*M;

[0058] is the extracted submatrix of matrix P The submatrix consisting of the remaining elements.

[0059] The nth column vector X in the first matrix PTRS (:,n), satisfying the following relationship:

[0060]

[0061] Among them, X QAM (:,n) is the nth column vector in the second matrix, and the value of n is a positive integer from 2 to N.

[0062] In this way, the value of the second phase noise pilot block, that is, the first matrix, can be obtained based on the second time domain position index.

[0063] In a third aspect, a signal transmission method is provided, which is applied to a receiving end. The method includes: receiving a signal, which is a signal formed after the signal sent by the transmitting end in the first aspect or the second aspect is transmitted through a channel; and determining phase noise based on the signal.

[0064] In a fourth aspect, a signal transmission system is provided, comprising:

[0065] A sending end, configured to execute the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect or the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect;

[0066] The receiving end is used to execute the method described in the third aspect.

[0067] In a fifth aspect, a signal transmission device is provided, comprising a module, a unit or a technical means for implementing the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0068] Exemplarily, the apparatus may include: an acquisition module for acquiring a first data block; an encoding module for pre-encoding the first data block to obtain a second data block; and a transmission module for mapping the first phase-noise pilot block and the second data block to time-frequency resources for transmission.

[0069] In a possible implementation, the second data block includes (MM PTRS )×N data symbols; the first phase noise pilot block includes M PTRS ×N pilot symbols, where M is the sum of the number of subcarriers used to transmit the second data block and the number of subcarriers used to transmit the first phase noise pilot block, M, M PTRS , N is a positive integer; the transmission module is used to: set M on each OFDM symbol in N orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbols PTRS pilot symbols and (MM PTRS ) data symbols.

[0070] In one possible implementation, M PTRS The pilot symbols are evenly spaced across the OFDM symbol.

[0071] In a possible implementation, the pilot signal of the first phase-noise pilot block is a first reference signal, and the first reference signal is related to at least one of a user ID, the number of frequency domain resources of the user, and the number of phase-noise pilots of the user.

[0072] In one possible implementation, the pilot signal of the first phase-noise pilot block causes the value of the third data block at the first time domain position index to be a second reference signal, the third data block is obtained by performing an inverse Fourier transform on the second data block, and the first time domain position index is a first preset index; the second reference signal is related to at least one of a user ID, the number of frequency domain resources of the user, and the number of phase-noise pilots of the user.

[0073] In one possible implementation, the transmission module is used to: merge a first phase-noise pilot block and a second data block into a first signal block; perform a Fourier transform on the first signal block to obtain a second signal block, and map the second signal block to time-frequency resources for transmission; the pilot signal of the first phase-noise pilot block causes the value of the second signal block at a first frequency domain position index to be a third reference signal, where the first frequency domain position index is a second preset index; and the third reference signal is related to at least one of a user ID, the number of frequency domain resources of the user, and the number of phase-noise pilots of the user.

[0074] In a possible implementation, the time-frequency resources of the first phase-noise pilot block and the time-frequency resources of the second data block are different.

[0075] In a possible implementation, the first phase noise pilot block includes M PTRS ×N pilot symbols, denoted as M PTRS ×N-dimensional first matrix; the first data block includes (MM PTRS )×N data symbols, expressed as (MM PTRS )×N-dimensional second matrix; wherein M is the sum of the number of subcarriers used to transmit the first data block and the number of subcarriers used to transmit the first phase noise pilot block, N is the number of OFDM symbols, M, M PTRS , N is a positive integer;

[0076] The first column vector X in the first matrix PTRS (:,1) satisfies the following relationship:

[0077]

[0078] Among them, X QAM (:,1) is the first column vector in the second matrix;

[0079] M PTRS dimensional matrix, a is the preset value;

[0080] is a submatrix extracted from the matrix P according to the first time domain position index, the matrix Represents the matrix F M The conjugate transpose of ^ Represents a diagonal matrix of dimension M*M, F M Represents the Fourier transform matrix with dimension M*M;

[0081] is the extracted submatrix of matrix P The submatrix consisting of the remaining elements.

[0082] The nth column vector X in the first matrix PTRS (:,n), satisfying the following relationship:

[0083]

[0084] Among them, X QAM (:,n) is the nth column vector in the second matrix, and the value of n is a positive integer from 2 to N.

[0085] In a possible implementation manner, the encoding module is configured to precode the first data block by using a block interleaved BM-orthogonal chirp division multiplexing (OCDM) encoding technology or an OFDM technology.

[0086] In a sixth aspect, a signal transmission device is provided, comprising a module, unit or technical means for implementing the method described in the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0087] Exemplarily, the device may include: a determination module, used to determine the second phase-noise pilot block according to preset conditions; an encoding module, used to combine the fourth data block to be transmitted and the second phase-noise pilot block to obtain a third signal block; pre-encode the third signal block to obtain a fourth signal block; and a transmission module, used to transmit the fourth signal block.

[0088] In one possible implementation, the preset conditions include: the value of the fourth signal block at the second frequency domain position index is the fourth reference signal, the fourth reference signal is related to at least one of the user IDID, the number of frequency domain resources of the user, and the number of phase noise pilots of the user, and the second frequency domain position index is the third preset index.

[0089] In one possible implementation, the preset conditions include: the value of the fifth signal block at the second time domain position index is the fifth reference signal, the fifth signal block is obtained by inverse Fourier transform of the fourth signal block, the second time domain position index is the fourth preset index, and the fifth reference signal is related to at least one of the user IDID, the number of frequency domain resources of the user, and the number of phase noise pilots of the user.

[0090] In one possible implementation, the transmission module is used to: perform Fourier transform on the fourth signal block to obtain a sixth signal block; and transmit the sixth signal block; wherein the preset conditions include: the value of the fourth signal block at the second time domain position index is a fifth reference signal, the fifth reference signal is related to at least one of the user ID, the number of frequency domain resources of the user, and the number of phase noise pilots of the user, and the second time domain position index is a fourth preset index.

[0091] In a possible implementation, the second phase noise pilot block includes M PTRS ×N pilot symbols, denoted as M PTRS ×N-dimensional first matrix; the fourth data block includes (MM PTRS )×N data symbols, expressed as (MM PTRS )×N-dimensional second matrix; wherein M is the sum of the number of subcarriers used to transmit the fourth data block and the number of subcarriers used to transmit the second phase noise pilot block, N is the number of OFDM symbols, M, M PTRS , N is a positive integer; the third signal block is represented by a third matrix of M×N dimensions;

[0092] The first column vector X in the first matrix PTRS (:,1) satisfies the following relationship:

[0093]

[0094] Among them, X QAM (:,1) is the first column vector in the second matrix;

[0095] M PTRS dimensional matrix, a is the preset value;

[0096] is a submatrix extracted from the matrix P according to the second frequency domain position index, the matrix Represents the matrix F M The conjugate transpose of ^ Represents a diagonal matrix of dimension M*M, F M Represents the Fourier transform matrix with dimension M*M;

[0097] is the extracted submatrix of matrix P The submatrix consisting of the remaining elements.

[0098] The nth column vector X in the first matrix PTRS (:,n), satisfying the following relationship:

[0099]

[0100] Among them, X QAM (:,n) is the nth column vector in the second matrix, and the value of n is a positive integer from 2 to N.

[0101] In a possible implementation, the second phase noise pilot block includes M PTRS ×N pilot symbols, denoted as M PTRS ×N-dimensional first matrix; the fourth data block includes (MM PTRS )×N data symbols, expressed as (MM PTRS )×N-dimensional second matrix; wherein M is the sum of the number of subcarriers used to transmit the fourth data block and the number of subcarriers used to transmit the second phase noise pilot block, N is the number of OFDM symbols, M, M PTRS , N is a positive integer; the third signal block is represented by a third matrix of M×N dimensions;

[0102] The first column vector X in the first matrix PTRS (:,1) satisfies the following relationship:

[0103]

[0104] Among them, X QAM (:,1) is the first column vector in the second matrix;

[0105] M PTRS dimensional matrix, a is the preset value;

[0106] is a submatrix extracted from the matrix P according to the second time domain position index, the matrix Represents the matrix F M The conjugate transpose of ^ Represents a diagonal matrix of dimension M*M, F M Represents the Fourier transform matrix with dimension M*M;

[0107] is the extracted submatrix of matrix P The submatrix consisting of the remaining elements.

[0108] The nth column vector X in the first matrix PTRS (:,n), satisfying the following relationship:

[0109]

[0110] Among them, X QAM (:,n) is the nth column vector in the second matrix, and the value of n is a positive integer from 2 to N.

[0111] In a possible implementation manner, the encoding module is configured to precode the first data block by using a block interleaved BM-orthogonal chirp division multiplexing (OCDM) encoding technology or an OFDM technology.

[0112] In the seventh aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising a processor and an interface circuit, the interface circuit being used to receive signals from other communication devices outside the communication device and transmit them to the processor or to send signals from the processor to other communication devices outside the communication device, the processor being used to implement the method as described in the first aspect or a possible implementation manner of the first aspect through a logic circuit or executing code instructions, or to implement the method as described in the second aspect or a possible implementation manner of the second aspect.

[0113] In an eighth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, in which a computer program or instruction is stored. When the computer program or instruction is executed by a communication device, the method described in the first aspect or a possible implementation of the first aspect is implemented, or the method described in the second aspect or a possible implementation of the second aspect is implemented.

[0114] In the ninth aspect, a computer program product is provided, in which instructions are stored. When the computer program product is run on a computer, the computer executes the method described in the first aspect or a possible implementation of the first aspect, or executes the method described in the second aspect or a possible implementation of the second aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0115] 1A to 1C are schematic diagrams of several wireless communication systems applicable to embodiments of the present application;

[0116] FIG2 is a flow chart of a signal transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0117] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a possible signal processing flow;

[0118] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of forming a first signal block;

[0119] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a possible signal processing flow;

[0120] FIG6 is a flowchart of another signal transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0121] FIG7 is a flow chart of a possible signal processing;

[0122] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of forming a fourth signal block;

[0123] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of performing Fourier transform on a signal;

[0124] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0125] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0126] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0127] The embodiments of the present application can be applied to various wireless communication systems.

[0128] For example, referring to Figure 1A , embodiments of the present application can be applied to a satellite-terminal communication system, which includes a satellite and a terminal-type network element. The satellite provides communication services to the terminal devices, which include, but are not limited to, smartphones, smartwatches, and tablets. The satellite transmits downlink data to the terminal, and the terminal transmits uplink data to the satellite.

[0129] For example, referring to FIG1B , embodiments of the present application can be applied to satellite and satellite communication systems. Traditional satellite intersatellite link communication systems can be divided into two major parts: the Acquisition, Tracking, and Pointing (APT) subsystem and the communication subsystem. The communication subsystem is responsible for the transmission of intersatellite information and is the main body of the intersatellite communication system; the APT subsystem is responsible for the acquisition, alignment, and tracking of satellites. Acquisition refers to determining the incoming signal's direction, alignment refers to adjusting the transmitted signal's aim at the receiving direction, and tracking refers to continuously adjusting alignment and acquisition throughout the communication process.

[0130] For example, referring to FIG1C , embodiments of the present application can be applied to wireless communication systems such as cellular communication or wireless local area network communication. In a cellular communication system, a network device can provide services to multiple terminals, and a terminal can also communicate with multiple network devices. In a wireless local area network communication system, a single access point can provide services to multiple terminals, and a terminal can also communicate with multiple access points.

[0131] Among them, a network device is a device deployed in a wireless access network or a wireless local area network to provide wireless communication functions for terminal devices. Network devices can include various forms of macro base stations, micro base stations (also known as small stations), relay stations, access points, etc. In systems using different wireless access technologies, the names of network devices may be different. A network device can also be a wireless controller in a CRAN (Cloud Radio Access Network) scenario. A network device can also be a fifth-generation mobile communication technology (5G) th A network device may be a base station device in a 5G (5th generation mobile networks) or a 6G (6th generation mobile networks) network, or a network device in an evolved public land mobile network (PLMN) network. The network device may also be a wearable device or an in-vehicle device. The network device may also be a transmission and reception point (TRP). The network device may also be an access point (AP).

[0132] In addition, the terminals involved in this document may also be referred to as terminal devices, user equipment (UE), mobile stations, mobile terminals, etc. Terminals can be widely used in various scenarios, such as device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), Internet of Things (IOT), virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wearable, smart transportation, smart city, etc. The terminal can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, computer with wireless transceiver function, wearable device, vehicle, drone, helicopter, airplane, ship, robot, robotic arm, smart home device, etc. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the terminal.

[0133] Network devices and terminals can be fixed or mobile. They can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; on water; and in the air on aircraft, balloons, and satellites. The embodiments of this application do not limit the application scenarios of network devices and terminals.

[0134] It should be understood that the above communication systems are only examples. In actual applications, the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to other communication systems.

[0135] Referring to Figure 2, which is a flowchart of a signal transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application, the method can be applied to the communication scenarios shown in Figure 1A, Figure 1B, or Figure 1C, or other communication scenarios, and the present application does not limit it. The execution subject of the method can be the signal sender, and the signal sender can be any device that needs to send a signal (such as a satellite, terminal, or base station, etc.). The method includes:

[0136] S201: Obtain a first data block.

[0137] It is understandable that the first data block is a data block to be transmitted. The specific implementation of obtaining the first data block may be generating the first data block or receiving the first data block from another device, which is not limited in this application.

[0138] In one possible example, a first data stream is obtained, and the first data stream is split according to a preset data block size to obtain at least one data block, and the first data block is one of the at least one data block. The preset data block size can be a preset number of data symbols, which can be specifically determined according to the system bandwidth and the number of time domain symbols. Take the time-frequency resources of 5G new radio (NR) as an example: the bandwidth in the frequency domain includes 512 subcarriers (corresponding to 512 resource elements (RE)) and 14 OFDM symbols in the time domain, of which the number of OFDMs that can be used to transmit data symbols is 10 and the number of REs that can be used to transmit data symbols is 491. Then the preset data block size can be 491×10 data symbols. Of course, this is only an example and is not limited to this.

[0139] S202: Precode the first data block to obtain a second data block.

[0140] Precoding methods can be diverse, such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), BM-OCDM, and other coding methods. BM-OCDM is a two-dimensional precoding scheme that combines orthogonal chirp division multiplexing (OCDM) and block interleaving (BM). Because BM-OCDM distributes data across the entire time-frequency dimension, it achieves greater channel diversity gain and better demodulation performance.

[0141] The following introduces the coding principle of BM-OCDM:

[0142] The data block to be sent (such as the first data block) is represented as a two-dimensional matrix, such as X, X∈C M,N , where the dimension of X is M*N, the elements in the matrix are the data symbols in the data to be sent, and the data block to be sent includes a total of M*N data symbols. Using BM-OCDM to precode the data block X can be expressed as:

[0143] S = AXB;

[0144] Among them, A and B represent the left and right transformation matrices respectively, F M Represents the Fourier transform matrix with dimension M*M, F N Identifies the Fourier transform matrix with dimension N*N, Represents the matrix F M The conjugate transpose of ^ is a diagonal matrix with dimension M*M, and ^ can be expressed as ^(n, n) = exp(-j2πn 2 / N).

[0145] It should be noted that when A and B are both unit matrices, S=AXB, which is equivalent to OFDM coding.

[0146] For ease of description, in the following, BN-OCDM coding is taken as an example, that is, A and B are not unit matrices.

[0147] S203: Map the first phase-noise pilot block and the second data block to time-frequency resources for transmission.

[0148] It can be understood that the phase noise pilot refers to a pilot used to correct phase noise. The first phase noise pilot block is composed of multiple pilot symbols (or called phase noise pilot symbols). The first phase noise pilot block can be represented in the form of a two-dimensional matrix, such as X PTRS , Indicates dimension M PTRS ×N matrix, the elements in the matrix are the pilot symbols in the first phase-noise pilot block, and the first phase-noise pilot block includes a total of M PTRS ×N data symbols. PTRS represents the number of subcarriers that can be used to transmit phase-noise pilot symbols, and N represents the number of OFDM symbols that can be used to transmit phase-noise pilot symbols.

[0149] In the embodiment of the present application, the time-frequency resources of the first phase-noise pilot block and the time-frequency resources of the second data block are different. For example, the phase-noise pilot symbol and the data symbol in the same OFDM symbol are respectively carried on different REs in the OFDM symbol.

[0150] For example, each symbol (or each element) in the first signal block or the second signal block and each symbol in the second phase-noise pilot block correspond to a certain time-frequency resource in the time-frequency domain (for example, one OFDM symbol in the time domain and one RE in the frequency domain). Taking the time-frequency resources of 5G NR as an example: 512 frequency resources (Resource elements, RE) (i.e., M = 512), 14 OFDM symbols (including 4 known reference symbols, i.e., N = 10), assuming that the interval between the phase-noise symbol and the pilot symbol in the frequency domain resource is 24 REs, the number of phase-noise pilot symbols in the frequency direction (i.e., the number of subcarriers used by the phase-noise pilot) is: M PTRS =21; the number of data symbols in the frequency direction (ie, the number of subcarriers used by the first data block or the second data block) is: M data =512-21=491. Then (MM PTRS )×(NN DMRS )=491×10 dimensional data block (i.e., the first data block) is transformed by BM-OCDM to obtain the second data block: D =AX QAM B. X D and M PTRS ×(NN DMRS )=21×10 dimensional phase-noise pilot blocks can be merged into M×N dimensional signal blocks, and the symbols in the signal block correspond one-to-one to 512×14 REs.

[0151] Mapping the first phase-noise pilot block and the second data block to time-frequency resources for transmission includes: mapping the first phase-noise pilot block and the second data block to the time-frequency resources, and performing an inverse Fourier transform to form a time domain signal and send it out, wherein the sent signal includes a signal corresponding to the data symbol (referred to as a data signal) and a signal corresponding to the phase-noise pilot symbol (referred to as a pilot signal).

[0152] When the first phase-noise pilot block and the second data block are mapped to the time-frequency resource for transmission, the signal received by the receiving end includes the pilot signal, and the receiving end can then compensate for the phase noise based on the pilot signal. For example, after receiving a signal containing the phase-noise pilot, the receiving end can obtain the phase error of the signal containing the phase-noise pilot. The receiving end obtains the phase error of the signal that does not contain the phase-noise pilot (for example, the signal formed by mapping the second data block alone to the time-frequency resource for transmission), and then linearly interpolates between the two phase errors to obtain the phase offset value of the phase noise, so that the phase noise can be corrected based on the phase offset value.

[0153] In one possible design, a phase-noise pilot can be added in the time domain. In other words, the first phase-noise pilot block and the second data block are signals in the time domain. Mapping the first phase-noise pilot block and the second data block to the time-frequency resources for transmission includes: merging the first phase-noise pilot block and the second data block into a first signal block; performing Fourier transform on the first signal block (i.e., converting the first signal block to the frequency domain) to obtain a second signal block; and mapping the second signal block to the time-frequency resources for transmission. Mapping the second signal block to the time-frequency resources for transmission can specifically include mapping the second signal block to a subcarrier to obtain a frequency domain signal; then, performing an inverse Fourier transform on the frequency domain signal to form a time domain signal, which is sent out.

[0154] For example, see Figure 3, which illustrates the signal processing flow. A first data block is precoded (e.g., using BM-OCDM coding) to generate a second data block. The second data block is then combined with a first phase-noise pilot signal and subjected to Fourier transform (DFT), mapping (i.e., subcarrier mapping), and inverse Fourier transform (IFFT) to generate a time-domain signal for transmission. Optionally, a demodulation reference signal can be added after the DFT and before the mapping.

[0155] For ease of understanding, the following describes the formation process of the first signal block in a matrix format:

[0156] 4, the first data block can be represented as a data block with a dimension of (MM PTRS )×N two-dimensional matrix, such as X data ,

[0157] To X data Perform BM-OCDM encoding, that is: Get the second data block S data .

[0158] The first phase-noise pilot block is denoted as M PTRS ×N two-dimensional matrix, such as X PTRS ,

[0159] The first signal block after the first data block and the second data block are combined is represented as a two-dimensional matrix S with a dimension of M×N total , S total =S data ∪X PTRS , S total ∈C M,N .

[0160] To S total Perform Fourier transform: Y = F M S total .

[0161] After filling Y with zeros, do M FFT Point (M FFT Indicates the data length after zero padding of Y) and inverse Fourier transform (such as IFFT) to transform it into the time domain to form a time domain signal for transmission. The transmitted signal R can be expressed as:

[0162]

[0163] in, Indicates doing M FFT Inverse Fourier transform of a point.

[0164] When a phase-noise pilot is added in the time domain, after the first phase-noise pilot block is converted to the frequency domain, it becomes a known signal in the frequency domain.

[0165] As can be seen from the foregoing, each symbol (or each element) in the first signal block or the second signal block and each symbol in the second phase-noise pilot block corresponds to a specific time-frequency resource in the time-frequency domain (for example, an OFDM symbol in the time domain and an RE in the frequency domain). Therefore, after the first phase-noise pilot block is converted to the frequency domain, it is a known signal in the frequency domain. It can also be described as the pilot signal of the first phase-noise pilot block causing the value of the second signal block at the first frequency domain position index to be the third reference signal.

[0166] Among them, the first frequency domain position index is the second preset index, and the second preset index can be specified by the protocol, or pre-configured, or notified by network signaling, or agreed upon by the sending end or the receiving end, etc., and this application does not impose any restrictions.

[0167] The third reference signal is a known signal. The third reference signal may be specifically related to at least one of a user identity document (ID), the number of frequency domain resources of the user, the number of phase-noise pilots of the user, etc., and this application does not impose any limitation.

[0168] As shown in FIG4 , the phase-noise pilot symbols are located at preset time-frequency resource positions (eg, the RE index used by the phase-noise pilot symbols is the preset RE index), or in other words, the symbols carried at these preset time-frequency resource positions are phase-noise pilot symbols.

[0169] In one possible design, a phase-noise pilot can be added in the frequency domain. In other words, the first phase-noise pilot block and the second data block are signals in the frequency domain. Mapping the first phase-noise pilot block and the second data block to time-frequency resources for transmission includes: combining the first phase-noise pilot block and the second data block into a first signal block; and mapping the first signal block to time-frequency resources for transmission. Mapping the first signal block to time-frequency resources for transmission can specifically include mapping the first signal block to a subcarrier to obtain a frequency domain signal; then, performing an inverse Fourier transform on the frequency domain signal to form a time domain signal, which is then transmitted.

[0170] For example, see Figure 5, which illustrates a signal processing flow. A first data block is precoded (e.g., using BM-OCDM coding) to generate a second data block. The first data block and a first phase-noise pilot are combined and then subjected to mapping (i.e., subcarrier mapping) and inverse Fourier transform (IFFT) processing to generate a time-domain signal for transmission. Optionally, a demodulation reference signal can be added after precoding and before mapping.

[0171] The second data block still includes (MM PTRS )×N data symbols, the first phase noise pilot block includes M PTRS ×N pilot symbols as an example, where M is the sum of the number of subcarriers used to transmit the second data block and the number of subcarriers used to transmit the first phase noise pilot block, M, M PTRS , N is a positive integer. Mapping the first phase noise pilot block and the second data block to the time-frequency resource for transmission includes: setting M on each OFDM symbol in N orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbols PTRS pilot symbols and (MM PTRS ) data symbols. Among them, M PTRS The pilot symbols are evenly spaced on the OFDM symbol. For example, a pilot symbol is set every Δ data symbols.

[0172] In a specific implementation, M can be obtained by subtracting the number of subcarriers that cannot be used to transmit data and pilots (such as guard subcarriers) from the total number of allocated subcarriers (the number of subcarriers included in the bandwidth).

[0173] Optionally, when adding a phase-noise pilot in the frequency domain, the pilot signal of the first phase-noise pilot block is a known signal in the frequency domain. For example, the pilot signal of the first phase-noise pilot block is a first reference signal, where the first reference signal is related to at least one of a user ID, the number of frequency-domain resources of the user, and the number of phase-noise pilots of the user. As shown in FIG4 , the phase-noise pilot symbols are located at preset time-frequency resource locations (e.g., the RE index used by the phase-noise pilot symbols is a preset RE index), or in other words, the symbols carried at these preset time-frequency resource locations are phase-noise pilot symbols.

[0174] Optionally, when adding a phase-noise pilot in the frequency domain, after the first phase-noise pilot block is transformed into the time domain, the pilot signal in the time domain is a known signal. For example, the pilot signal of the first phase-noise pilot block makes the value of the third data block at the first time domain position index be a second reference signal, wherein the third data block is obtained by inverse Fourier transforming the second data block, and the first time domain position index is a first preset index; the second reference signal is related to at least one of the user ID, the number of frequency domain resources of the user, and the number of phase-noise pilots of the user. The first preset index can be specified by the protocol, or pre-configured, or notified by network signaling, or agreed upon by the transmitting end or the receiving end, etc., and this application does not impose any restrictions.

[0175] In one possible design, the first phase noise pilot block X PTRS The symbols in are fixed values ​​and all have the same value. For example:

[0176]

[0177] Where b is a constant, and its size can be set as needed in a specific system.

[0178] For example, in order to ensure that the peak-to-average ratio (PAPR) of the system does not deteriorate, the value b can be set to be equal to the second data block X QAM The value with the largest absolute value among them. If 64-QAM modulation is used, QAM In , the value of the element may be 1+1i, 3+3i, 7+7i, etc., but it is obvious that the absolute value of 7+7i is the largest, so b can be set to 7+7i.

[0179] In the above scheme, by precoding the data and mapping the precoded data and the phase noise pilot to different time-frequency resources, the phase noise pilot can be sent simultaneously with the data, so that the receiving end can reduce or even eliminate the influence of the phase noise, thereby improving the reliability of data transmission.

[0180] Referring to Figure 6, a flowchart of another signal transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application is provided. Unlike the method shown in Figure 2, the phase noise pilot in this method needs to participate in precoding. This method can be applied to the communication scenarios shown in Figure 1A, Figure 1B, or Figure 1C, or other communication scenarios, and this application does not limit it. The execution subject of the method can be a signal sender, and the signal sender can be any device that needs to send a signal (such as a satellite, terminal, or base station, etc.). The method includes:

[0181] S601, determining a second phase noise pilot block according to a preset condition;

[0182] Specifically, it is necessary to determine the value of each pilot symbol in the second phase noise pilot block according to a preset condition.

[0183] S602: Merge the fourth data block to be transmitted and the second phase-noise pilot block to obtain a third signal block;

[0184] Furthermore, the position of each phase noise symbol in the combined third signal block is determined according to a preset condition.

[0185] S603. Precode the third signal block to obtain a fourth signal block;

[0186] Precoding methods can be used in a variety of ways, such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), BM-OCDM, or other encoding methods. For ease of description, the following uses BM-OCDM encoding as an example, where A and B are not identity matrices. The principles of BM-OCDM encoding can be found in the previous section and will not be further elaborated here.

[0187] S604: Transmit a fourth signal block.

[0188] Specifically, the fourth signal block is mapped to the time-frequency resources, and after inverse Fourier transform, a time domain signal is formed and sent out. The signal sent out includes a signal corresponding to the data symbol (called a data signal) and a signal corresponding to the phase noise pilot symbol (called a pilot signal).

[0189] As shown in Figure 7, which is a flowchart of signal processing, the third signal block obtained by merging the fourth data block and the second phase noise pilot block is sequentially processed through precoding (taking BM-OCDM coding as an example), Fourier transform (DFT), mapping, and inverse Fourier transform (IFFT) to form a time domain signal and be sent out.

[0190] In an embodiment of the present application, the time-frequency resources of the second phase-noise pilot block are different from the time-frequency resources of the fourth data block. Each symbol (or each element) in the third signal block (or fourth signal block) corresponds to a certain time-frequency resource in the time-frequency domain. Taking the time-frequency resources of 5G NR as an example: each symbol (or each element) in the third signal block (or fourth signal block) corresponds to an OFDM symbol in the time domain and corresponds to an RE in the frequency domain.

[0191] The preset condition includes: in the signal finally sent out, the time-frequency resource position of the phase-noise pilot signal is a preset time-frequency resource position.

[0192] See Figure 8 for a schematic diagram illustrating the formation of the fourth signal block. In Figure 8, different patterns are used to distinguish data symbols from phase-noise pilot symbols. In the fourth signal block, the shaded areas represent data symbols, and the unshaded areas represent phase-noise pilot symbols. When the fourth signal block is mapped to time-frequency resources, the phase-noise pilot symbols are located at pre-set time-frequency resource locations.

[0193] In one possible design, the fourth signal block is a signal in the frequency domain. The preset condition includes: the second phase noise pilot block is a known signal in the frequency domain after being precoded.

[0194] According to the foregoing, each symbol (or each element) in the third signal block (or the fourth signal block) corresponds to a certain time-frequency resource in the time-frequency domain. Therefore, after precoding, the second phase-noise pilot block is a known signal in the frequency domain, and can also be described as: the value of the fourth signal block at the second frequency domain position index is the fourth reference signal. Among them, the fourth reference signal is related to at least one of the user ID, the number of frequency domain resources of the user, the number of phase-noise pilots of the user, etc. The second frequency domain position index is a third preset index, and the third preset index can be specified by the protocol, or pre-configured, or notified by network signaling, or agreed upon by the sending end or the receiving end, etc., and this application does not impose any restrictions.

[0195] In one possible design, the fourth signal block is a signal in the frequency domain. The preset condition includes: the second phase noise pilot block is a known signal in the time domain after inverse Fourier transform.

[0196] Similarly, after the second phase-noise pilot block is inversely transformed by Fourier, it is a known signal in the time domain, and can also be described as follows: the value of the fifth signal block at the second time domain position index is the fifth reference signal, and the fifth signal block is obtained by inverse Fourier transforming the fourth signal block. The fifth reference signal is related to at least one of the user ID, the number of frequency domain resources of the user, and the number of phase-noise pilots of the user. The second time domain position index is a fourth preset index, which can be specified by the protocol, or pre-configured, or notified by network signaling, or agreed upon by the transmitting end or the receiving end, etc. This application does not impose any restrictions.

[0197] In one possible design, the fourth signal block is a time-domain signal. Transmitting the fourth signal block includes: performing a Fourier transform on the fourth signal block to obtain a sixth signal block; and transmitting the sixth signal block. A preset condition includes: the pilot signal of the second phase-noise pilot block is a known signal.

[0198] Similarly, the pilot signal of the second phase-noise pilot block is a known signal, which can also be described as follows: the value of the fourth signal block at the second time domain position index is a fifth reference signal. The fifth reference signal is related to at least one of the user ID, the number of frequency domain resources of the user, and the number of phase-noise pilots of the user. The second time domain position index is a fourth preset index. The fourth preset index can be specified by the protocol, pre-configured, notified by network signaling, or agreed upon by the transmitting end or the receiving end, etc. This application does not impose any restrictions.

[0199] To better understand the solution, the process of determining the second phase noise pilot block is described in the form of a matrix:

[0200] First define the following parameters:

[0201] F M Represents the M*M dimensional Fourier transform matrix: its nth row and kth column elements are expressed as

[0202] M: number of REs (resource elements), the specific value of which is equal to the sum of the number of subcarriers used to transmit the fourth data block and the number of subcarriers used to transmit the second phase-noise pilot block.

[0203] N: Number of transmitted OFDM symbols.

[0204] M PTRS : The number of transmitted phase noise pilot symbols, which satisfies M PTRS <<M. The symbol “<<” means much less than in mathematics.

[0205] M, M PTRS , N is a positive integer.

[0206] Taking the existing 5G NR standard as an example, there is a configuration situation: M PTRS =21, M=512.

[0207] Index PTRS : The position index of the phase-noise pilot symbol in the M REs, such as the second frequency-domain position index or the second time-domain position index mentioned above.

[0208] M PTRS Phase-noise pilot symbols are placed evenly in an OFDM symbol, and the interval is Δ = M / M PTRS ), then Index PTRS ={1,Δ+1,2Δ+1,...,(M PTRS -1)Δ+1}.

[0209] The dimension of the matrix is ​​defined mathematically as MPTRS ×M, where M PTRS is the number of rows of the matrix, M is the number of columns of the matrix, and the internal elements of the matrix are rational numbers.

[0210] To facilitate the following description, define the product of two matrices The new matrix is:

[0211]

[0212] The dimension of matrix P is M×M, that is, it has M rows and M columns. The elements in the nth row and kth column of matrix P are:

[0213]

[0214] The Δth row of the matrix P is defined as: P(Δ,:). P(Δ,:) is a row vector of length N.

[0215] Define the first column of matrix X as: X(:, 1). X(:, 1) is a column vector of length M. Similarly, X(:, n) represents the nth column vector in matrix X.

[0216] According to the above parameters, the second phase noise pilot block includes M PTRS ×N pilot symbols, which can be expressed as M PTRS The first matrix X of dimension N QAM ; The fourth data block includes (MM PTRS )×N data symbols, which can be expressed as (MM PTRS )×N-dimensional second matrix X PTRS The third signal block obtained by combining the second phase noise pilot block and the fourth data block can be expressed as a third matrix X of M×N dimensions, X∈C M,N , where the dimension of X is M*N, and the elements in the matrix include data symbols and phase noise pilot symbols.

[0217] Performing BM-OCDM encoding and inverse Fourier transform on the third signal block can be expressed as:

[0218]

[0219] in, Indicates that each column of the matrix X is subjected to an inverse Fourier transform; Indicates the final transmitted signal, including data signal and phase noise pilot signal Right now

[0220] See Figure 9, the final signal transmitted Perform Fourier transform on each row to obtain signal S, where S = Sdata +S PTRS In the obtained signal S, the pilot signal is a single impulse signal. Using this feature, the following equation can be listed to calculate X PTRS Solve:

[0221]

[0222] Among them, X PTRS Contains M PTRS ×N unknown variables to be solved. In other words, there are N columns of unknown variables, each column has M PTRS unknown number to be solved.

[0223] according to equation It can be expressed as:

[0224] P(X QAM +X PTRS )=S data +S PTRS ; Among them, the matrix S PTRS The dimension is: M PTRS ×N, that is, the matrix has M PTRS rows, N columns.

[0225] In the embodiment of the present application, the pilot signal finally transmitted is a known signal (i.e., the position in the frequency domain is known and the value is known), so S PTRS Expressed as:

[0226]

[0227] In the matrix S PTRS In , only one column is a constant. Each element in the first column is a . a The value of a depends on system parameters. Taking 5G NR as an example, assuming N = 14, then the value of a can be 14), and the elements of other columns are all 0.

[0228] The following describes how to solve X PTRS The first column of unknown variables (i.e. X PTRS (:,1),X PTRS (:,1) is of length M PTRS Column vector) method:

[0229] Extract the 1st, Δ+1th, 2Δ+1th, ... (M PTRS -1)Δ+1 row vectors, (the length of each row vector is M) constitute a submatrix

[0230]

[0231] Submatrix The dimension is M PTRS ×M, that is, matrix There is M PTRS Rows, M columns.

[0232] The matrix Multiply the matrix by the first column of matrix X to get S PTRS The first column is:

[0233]

[0234] Where X(:,1) is a column vector of length M.

[0235] Because the column X(:,1) contains X QAM (:, 1) and X PTRS (:,1), according to the position index PTRS , we can determine the column vector X(:,1):

[0236]

[0237] In the column vector X(:,1), the number of phase noise pilot symbols is M PTRS The data symbols are placed between two adjacent phase-noise pilot symbols.

[0238] Continue to put the matrix To do the segmentation, specifically, according to The rows are split into two sub-matrices, corresponding to the PTRS and data positions in X(:,1). Then the matrix ( There is M PTRS rows, M columns) can be expressed as:

[0239]

[0240] from In the M columns, take out M at intervals Δ PTRS Columns, forming a submatrix ( Dimension: M PTRS ×M PTRS , that is, the number of rows and columns are both M PTRS ):

[0241]

[0242] In, except After the inner elements, the remaining elements constitute the second sub-matrix, corresponding to the data part

[0243]

[0244] The second submatrix The dimension is M PTRS ×(MM PTRS ), that is, M PTRS OK, MM PTRS List.

[0245] It can be expressed as:

[0246] Therefore, X PTRS (:,1) can be extracted from the formula 1X(:,1) and the length is M PTRS Right now:

[0247]

[0248] X QAM (:,1) can be extracted from the formula 1X(:,1) and the length is MM PTRS Right now:

[0249]

[0250] In summary, we can get the first column X PTRS (:,1) is:

[0251]

[0252] in, Representation matrix Find the inverse.

[0253] The following describes how to solve X PTRS The second column of unknown variables (i.e. X PTRS (:,2)) method:

[0254] Just replace all the a The vector is replaced by a vector of all 0s, X QAM (:,1) The corresponding data is replaced by the second column data X QAM (:, 2), that is:

[0255]

[0256]

[0257] For other columns of data, you can refer to the solution rules of the second column of data to obtain the data from the 2nd to Nth columns, that is:

[0258]

[0259] in, The value of n is a positive integer from 2 to N.

[0260] It can be understood that the above method for solving the phase noise pilot can also be applied to the embodiment shown in Figure 2, where the phase noise pilot is added in the frequency domain, and after the first phase noise pilot block is transformed into the time domain, the pilot signal in the time domain is a known signal.

[0261] In the above scheme, by combining the phase noise pilot and data and performing precoding, and mapping the precoded data to time-frequency resources, the phase noise pilot can be sent at the same time as the data is sent, so that the receiving end can reduce or even eliminate the impact of phase noise, thereby improving the reliability of data transmission.

[0262] The above describes the method provided by the embodiment of the present application, and the following describes the device provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0263] Figures 10, 11, and 12 are schematic diagrams of possible communication devices provided in embodiments of the present application. These communication devices can be used to implement the functions of the signal transmitter (such as a satellite, terminal, or base station) in the above-mentioned method embodiments, thereby also achieving the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned method embodiments.

[0264] As shown in Figure 10, the communication device 1000 includes an acquisition module 1001, an encoding module 1002, and a transmission module 1003. The communication device 1000 is used to implement the function of the signal sender (such as a satellite, terminal, or base station) in the method embodiment shown in Figure 2 above.

[0265] For example, the acquisition module 1001 is used to obtain a first data block; the encoding module 1002 is used to precode the first data block to obtain a second data block; and the transmission module 1003 is used to map the first phase-noise pilot block and the second data block to time-frequency resources for transmission.

[0266] A more detailed description of each of the above modules can be directly obtained by referring to the relevant description in the method embodiment shown in Figure 2, and will not be repeated here.

[0267] As shown in Figure 11, a communication device 1100 includes a determination module 1101, an encoding module 1102, and a transmission module 1103. The communication device 1100 is used to implement the function of a signal transmitter (such as a satellite, terminal, or base station) in the method embodiment shown in Figure 6 above.

[0268] For example, the determination module 1101 is used to determine the second phase-noise pilot block according to a preset condition; the encoding module 1102 is used to combine the fourth data block to be transmitted and the second phase-noise pilot block to obtain a third signal block; the third signal block is pre-encoded to obtain a fourth signal block; and the transmission module 1103 is used to transmit the fourth signal block.

[0269] A more detailed description of each of the above modules can be directly obtained by referring to the relevant description in the method embodiment shown in FIG6 , which is not repeated here.

[0270] As shown in Figure 12, the communication device 1200 includes a processor 1210 and an interface circuit 1220. The interface circuit 1220 can receive signals from other communication devices outside the communication device 1200 and transmit them to the processor 1210, or send signals from the processor 1210 to other communication devices outside the communication device 1200. The processor 1210 implements the method steps described in the above method embodiments through logic circuits or executing code instructions.

[0271] It is understood that the processor 1210 and the interface circuit 1220 are coupled to each other. The interface circuit 1220 may be a transceiver or an input / output interface. Optionally, the communication device 1200 may further include a memory 1230 for storing instructions executed by the processor 1210, or storing input data required by the processor 1210 to execute instructions, or storing data generated after the processor 1210 executes instructions.

[0272] Optionally, the memory 1230 and the processor 1210 may be integrated together.

[0273] It is understood that the processor in the embodiments of the present application may be a central processing unit (CPU), or may be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0274] The method steps in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented by hardware or by a processor executing software instructions. The software instructions can be composed of corresponding software modules, and the software modules can be stored in a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory, an erasable programmable read-only memory, an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, a register, a hard disk, a mobile hard disk, a CD-ROM or any other form of storage medium well known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor so that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium can also be an integral part of the processor. The processor and the storage medium can be located in an ASIC. In addition, the ASIC can be located in a base station or a terminal. Of course, the processor and the storage medium can also exist in a base station or a terminal as discrete components.

[0275] In the above embodiments, all or part of the embodiments may be implemented using software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, all or part of the embodiments may be implemented in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions. When the computer program or instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are performed in whole or in part. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, a network device, a user device, or other programmable device. The computer program or instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transferred from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer program or instructions may be transferred from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired or wireless means. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium may be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, hard disk, or magnetic tape; an optical medium, such as a digital video disk; or a semiconductor medium, such as a solid-state drive. The computer-readable storage medium may be a volatile or nonvolatile storage medium, or may include both volatile and nonvolatile types of storage media.

[0276] In the various embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified or there is a logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions between different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationships.

[0277] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more" means two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. In the text description of this application, the character " / " generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an "or" relationship; in the formula of this application, the character " / " indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in a "division" relationship. "Including at least one of A, B and C" can mean: including A; including B; including C; including A and B; including A and C; including B and C; including A, B and C.

[0278] It is understood that the various numbers used in the embodiments of this application are merely for ease of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application. The order of the sequence numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not necessarily imply a specific order of execution; the order of execution of the processes should be determined by their functions and inherent logic.

Claims

1. A signal transmission method, characterized in that: include: Get the first data block; Precoding the first data block to obtain a second data block; The first phase-noise pilot block and the second data block are mapped onto time-frequency resources for transmission.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The second data block includes (MM PTRS )×N data symbols; the first phase noise pilot block includes M PTRS ×N pilot symbols, M is the sum of the number of subcarriers used to transmit the second data block and the number of subcarriers used to transmit the first phase noise pilot block, M, M PTRS , N is a positive integer; Mapping the first phase-noise pilot block and the second data block onto time-frequency resources for transmission includes: Set M on each of the N orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbols PTRS pilot symbols and (MM PTRS ) data symbols.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein The M PTRS The pilot symbols are evenly spaced on the OFDM symbol.

4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: The pilot signal of the first phase-noise pilot block is a first reference signal, and the first reference signal is related to at least one of a user ID, the number of frequency domain resources of the user, and the number of phase-noise pilots of the user.

5. The method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: The pilot signal of the first phase noise pilot block causes the value of the third data block at the first time domain position index to be the second reference signal, the third data block being obtained by inverse Fourier transforming the second data block, and the first time domain position index being a first preset index; The second reference signal is related to at least one of a user ID, a number of frequency domain resources of the user, and a number of phase-noise pilots of the user.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein Mapping the first phase-noise pilot block and the second data block onto time-frequency resources for transmission includes: The first phase-noise pilot block and the second data block are combined into a first signal block; the first signal block is Fourier transformed to obtain a second signal block, and the second signal block is mapped to the time-frequency resource for transmission; the pilot signal of the first phase-noise pilot block is such that the value of the second signal block at a first frequency domain position index is a third reference signal, where the first frequency domain position index is a second preset index; and the third reference signal is related to at least one of a user ID, the number of frequency domain resources of the user, and the number of phase-noise pilots of the user.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: The time-frequency resources of the first phase-noise pilot block are different from the time-frequency resources of the second data block.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: The precoding of the first data block includes: The first data block is precoded using a block interleaved BM-orthogonal chirp division multiplexing OCDM coding technology or an OFDM technology.

9. The method according to claim 5, wherein The first phase noise pilot block includes M PTRS ×N pilot symbols, denoted as M PTRS ×N-dimensional first matrix; the first data block includes (MM PTRS )×N data symbols, expressed as (MM PTRS )×N-dimensional second matrix; wherein M is the sum of the number of subcarriers used to transmit the first data block and the number of subcarriers used to transmit the first phase noise pilot block, N is the number of OFDM symbols, M, M PTRS , N is a positive integer; The first column vector X in the first matrix PTRS (:,1) satisfies the following relationship: Among them, X QAM (:,1) is the first column vector in the second matrix; M PTRS dimensional matrix, a is the preset value; is a submatrix extracted from the matrix P according to the first time domain position index, the matrix Represents the matrix F M The conjugate transpose of , ^ represents a diagonal matrix of dimension M*M, F M Represents the Fourier transform matrix with dimension M*M; is the extracted submatrix of matrix P The submatrix composed of the remaining elements; The nth column vector X in the first matrix PTRS (:,n), satisfying the following relationship: Among them, X QAM (:,n) is the nth column vector in the second matrix, and the value of n is a positive integer from 2 to N.

10. A signal transmission method, characterized in that: include: Determine a second phase noise pilot block according to a preset condition; Combining the fourth data block to be transmitted and the second phase-noise pilot block to obtain a third signal block; precoding the third signal block to obtain a fourth signal block; The fourth signal block is transmitted.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein The preset condition includes: the value of the fourth signal block at the second frequency domain position index is a fourth reference signal, the fourth reference signal is related to at least one of a user ID, the number of frequency domain resources of the user, and the number of phase-noise pilots of the user, and the second frequency domain position index is a third preset index.

12. The method according to claim 10, wherein The preset conditions include: a value of the fifth signal block at the second time domain position index is a fifth reference signal, the fifth signal block is obtained by performing an inverse Fourier transform on the fourth signal block, the second time domain position index is a fourth preset index, and the fifth reference signal is related to at least one of a user ID, the number of frequency domain resources of the user, and the number of phase noise pilots of the user.

13. The method according to claim 10, wherein The transmitting the fourth signal block includes: Performing Fourier transform on the fourth signal block to obtain a sixth signal block; transmitting the sixth signal block; The preset conditions include: the value of the fourth signal block at the second time domain position index is the fifth reference signal, the fifth reference signal is related to at least one of the user ID, the number of frequency domain resources of the user, and the number of phase noise pilots of the user, and the second time domain position index is the fourth preset index.

14. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein: The precoding of the third signal block includes: The third signal block is precoded using a block interleaved BM-orthogonal chirp division multiplexing (OCDM) coding technology or an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) technology.

15. The method according to claim 11, wherein The second phase noise pilot block includes M PTRS ×N pilot symbols, denoted as M PTRS ×N-dimensional first matrix; the fourth data block includes (MM PTRS )×N data symbols, expressed as (MM PTRS )×N-dimensional second matrix; wherein M is the sum of the number of subcarriers used to transmit the fourth data block and the number of subcarriers used to transmit the second phase noise pilot block, N is the number of OFDM symbols, M, M PTRS , N is a positive integer; the third signal block is represented by a third matrix of M×N dimensions; The first column vector X in the first matrix PTRS (:,1) satisfies the following relationship: Among them, X QAM (:,1) is the first column vector in the second matrix; M PTRS dimensional matrix, a is the preset value; is a submatrix extracted from the matrix P according to the second frequency domain position index, the matrix Represents the matrix F M The conjugate transpose of , ^ represents a diagonal matrix of dimension M*M, F M Represents the Fourier transform matrix with dimension M*M; is the extracted submatrix of matrix P The submatrix composed of the remaining elements; The nth column vector X in the first matrix PTRS (:,n), satisfying the following relationship: Among them, X QAM (:,n) is the nth column vector in the second matrix, and the value of n is a positive integer from 2 to N.

16. The method according to claim 12 or 13, wherein: The second phase noise pilot block includes M PTRS ×N pilot symbols, denoted as M PTRS ×N-dimensional first matrix; the fourth data block includes (MM PTRS )×N data symbols, expressed as (MM PTRS )×N-dimensional second matrix; wherein M is the sum of the number of subcarriers used to transmit the fourth data block and the number of subcarriers used to transmit the second phase noise pilot block, N is the number of OFDM symbols, M, M PTRS , N is a positive integer; the third signal block is represented by a third matrix of M×N dimensions; The first column vector X in the first matrix PTRS (:,1) satisfies the following relationship: Among them, X QAM (:,1) is the first column vector in the second matrix; M PTRS dimensional matrix, a is the preset value; is a submatrix extracted from the matrix P according to the second time domain position index, the matrix Represents the matrix F M The conjugate transpose of , ^ represents a diagonal matrix of dimension M*M, F M Represents the Fourier transform matrix with dimension M*M; is the extracted submatrix of matrix P The submatrix composed of the remaining elements; The nth column vector X in the first matrix PTRS (:,n), satisfying the following relationship: Among them, X QAM (:,n) is the nth column vector in the second matrix, and the value of n is a positive integer from 2 to N.

17. A signal transmission device, characterized in that: include: An acquisition module, configured to acquire a first data block; an encoding module, configured to pre-encode the first data block to obtain a second data block; A transmission module is used to map the first phase-noise pilot block and the second data block to time-frequency resources for transmission.

18. The device according to claim 17, wherein The second data block includes (MM PTRS )×N data symbols; the first phase noise pilot block includes M PTRS ×N pilot symbols, M is the sum of the number of subcarriers used to transmit the second data block and the number of subcarriers used to transmit the first phase noise pilot block, M, M PTRS , N is a positive integer; The transmission module is used for: Set M on each of the N orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbols PTRS pilot symbols and (MM PTRS ) data symbols.

19. The device according to claim 18, wherein The M PTRS The pilot symbols are evenly spaced on the OFDM symbol.

20. The device according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that The pilot signal of the first phase-noise pilot block is a first reference signal, and the first reference signal is related to at least one of a user ID, the number of frequency domain resources of the user, and the number of phase-noise pilots of the user.

21. The device according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that The pilot signal of the first phase noise pilot block causes the value of the third data block at the first time domain position index to be the second reference signal, the third data block being obtained by inverse Fourier transforming the second data block, and the first time domain position index being a first preset index; The second reference signal is related to at least one of a user ID, a number of frequency domain resources of the user, and a number of phase-noise pilots of the user.

22. The device according to claim 17, wherein The transmission module is used for: The first phase-noise pilot block and the second data block are combined into a first signal block; the first signal block is Fourier transformed to obtain a second signal block, and the second signal block is mapped to the time-frequency resource for transmission; the pilot signal of the first phase-noise pilot block is such that the value of the second signal block at a first frequency domain position index is a third reference signal, where the first frequency domain position index is a second preset index; and the third reference signal is related to at least one of a user ID, the number of frequency domain resources of the user, and the number of phase-noise pilots of the user.

23. The device according to any one of claims 17 to 22, characterized in that The time-frequency resources of the first phase-noise pilot block are different from the time-frequency resources of the second data block.

24. A signal transmission device, characterized in that: include: A determination module, configured to determine a second phase noise pilot block according to a preset condition; an encoding module, configured to combine a fourth data block to be transmitted and the second phase-noise pilot block to obtain a third signal block; precoding the third signal block to obtain a fourth signal block; A transmission module is configured to transmit the fourth signal block.

25. The device according to claim 24, characterized in that The preset conditions include: the value of the fourth signal block at the second frequency domain position index is a fourth reference signal, the fourth reference signal is related to at least one of the user ID ID, the number of frequency domain resources of the user, and the number of phase noise pilots of the user, and the second frequency domain position index is a third preset index.

26. The device according to claim 24, wherein The preset conditions include: the value of the fifth signal block at the second time domain position index is a fifth reference signal, the fifth signal block is obtained by performing an inverse Fourier transform on the fourth signal block, the second time domain position index is a fourth preset index, and the fifth reference signal is related to at least one of the user ID ID, the number of frequency domain resources of the user, and the number of phase noise pilots of the user.

27. The device according to claim 24, wherein The transmission module is used for: Performing Fourier transform on the fourth signal block to obtain a sixth signal block; transmitting the sixth signal block; The preset conditions include: the value of the fourth signal block at the second time domain position index is the fifth reference signal, the fifth reference signal is related to at least one of the user ID, the number of frequency domain resources of the user, and the number of phase noise pilots of the user, and the second time domain position index is the fourth preset index.

28. A communication device, characterized in that: The device comprises a processor and an interface circuit, wherein the interface circuit is used to receive signals from other communication devices outside the communication device and transmit them to the processor or send signals from the processor to other communication devices outside the communication device, and the processor is used to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 through a logic circuit or execute code instructions, or to implement the method according to any one of claims 10 to 16.

29. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The storage medium stores a computer program or instruction. When the computer program or instruction is executed by the communication device, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is implemented, or the method according to any one of claims 10 to 16 is implemented.

30. A computer program product, characterized in that The computer program product stores instructions, and when the computer program product is run on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, or the method according to any one of claims 10 to 16.

31. A signal transmission system, characterized in that: include: A sending end, configured to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 or the method according to any one of claims 10 to 16; The receiving end is used to receive the signal from the transmitting end and determine the phase noise according to the signal.

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