Automatic powder spraying device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of deinsectization devices, and provides an automatic powder spraying device and a powder spraying method.The automatic powder spraying device comprises a machine body, a pulley assembly, a powder spraying assembly and a sensor assembly, and the pulley assembly can drive the machine body to move along a track; the powder spraying assembly comprises a powder bin, a spraying pipe and a powder discharging wheel, a powder bin outlet is formed in the bottom of the powder bin, spraying airflow exists in the spraying pipe, a middle opening is formed in the circumferential wall of the spraying pipe, one end of the spraying pipe is open to form a spraying opening, and the powder bin outlet is communicated with the spraying opening through the middle opening. The powder in the powder bin is conveyed into the spray pipe; the sensor assembly is arranged on the machine body so as to collect surrounding temperature and humidity. The automatic powder spraying device provided by the embodiment of the invention can automatically perform pesticide spraying operation, and the risk that field management personnel are exposed in pesticides is reduced, so that the safety of pesticide application is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of insecticide devices, and in particular to an automatic powder spraying device and a powder spraying method. Background Art

[0002] In the modern vegetable cultivation process, disease prevention and control is a key link to ensure the healthy growth and stable yield of vegetables. However, the traditional manual application method is not only inefficient, but also significantly increases the chances of direct contact between field managers and pesticides, greatly increasing the risk of pesticide exposure. Long-term exposure to pesticides poses a safety hazard of poisoning to managers, which threatens their health. Summary of the invention

[0003] The invention provides an automatic powder spraying device, which is used to solve the defect in the prior art that management personnel are easily exposed to the pesticide when spraying the pesticide, and improve the safety of spraying the pesticide.

[0004] The invention also provides an automatic powder spraying method.

[0005] The present invention provides an automatic powder spraying device, comprising: Body; A pulley assembly, wherein the pulley assembly can drive the machine body to move along the track; A powder spraying assembly, the powder spraying assembly comprising a powder bin, a spray pipe and a lower powder wheel, the bottom of the powder bin is provided with a powder bin outlet, the spray pipe has a spray airflow, a middle opening is provided on the peripheral wall of the spray pipe, one end of the spray pipe is open to form a spray port, the powder bin outlet is connected with the spray port through the middle opening, and the lower powder wheel is arranged between the powder bin outlet and the middle opening so as to transport the powder in the powder bin to the spray pipe; The sensor component is arranged on the machine body to collect the surrounding temperature and humidity.

[0006] In some embodiments, the powder spraying assembly includes a powder lowering component, the powder lowering component is arranged between the powder bin and the spray pipe, and the powder lowering component includes: A tube body, wherein the tube body is provided with a tube body inlet and a tube body outlet which are arranged opposite to each other in the radial direction of the tube body, the tube body inlet is communicated with the powder bin outlet, and the tube body outlet is communicated with the middle opening; The lower powder wheel is rotatably disposed in the tube body, and a groove is disposed on the outer peripheral wall of the lower powder wheel, and the groove can correspond to the powder bin outlet or the middle opening when rotating.

[0007] In some embodiments, the lower powder component includes a driving member and a partition, the partition is arranged between the driving member and the lower powder wheel, and the output end of the driving member is connected to the lower powder wheel through the partition.

[0008] In some embodiments, the powder spraying assembly includes a blower, which is connected to the spray pipe so as to deliver high-pressure gas into the spray pipe.

[0009] In some embodiments, the pulley assembly includes a pulley, a transmission member and a motor. The motor is disposed in the body, and the motor drives the transmission member to drive the pulley to rotate.

[0010] The embodiment of the present invention discloses a powder spraying method, comprising: S1. Construct a disease risk model based on temperature and humidity; S2. The automatic powder spraying device patrols in the greenhouse to obtain temperature and humidity distribution information in the greenhouse; S3, inputting the temperature and humidity distribution information into the disease risk model; S4. Controlling the automatic powder spraying device to perform powder spraying operation or dormant operation according to the result output by the disease risk model.

[0011] In some embodiments, the S4 includes: S41. If the result output by the disease risk model is that there is a risk, controlling the automatic powder spraying device to perform a powder spraying operation; S42. If the result output by the disease risk model is that there is no risk, control the automatic powder spraying device to sleep for a first preset time, and re-execute S2 and S3 after the automatic powder spraying device completes the sleep period.

[0012] In some embodiments, the S41 includes, when performing the powder spraying operation, the calculation formula of the rotation speed r of the lower powder wheel is:

[0013] in, The unit is revolutions / s; v is the travel speed of the automatic powder spraying device, in m / s; W is the powder spraying distance, in m; A is the amount of powder applied per unit area, in g / m 2 ; It is the amount of powder lowered when the lower powder wheel rotates one circle, in g.

[0014] In some embodiments, the S1 includes: S11. Determine the minimum concentration of pathogenic bacteria or fungal spores that causes disease through experiments, analyze the effects of different temperature and humidity conditions on plants, and establish a quantitative model for the relationship between aerosol concentration and plant disease. S12. Place the diseased plants in an aerosol chamber, record the temperature and humidity regularly, and sample the pathogens or fungal spores in the air; S13, counting the sampled pathogenic bacteria or fungal spores after culturing for a second preset time; S14. Based on the collected temperature, humidity and pathogen release data, a temperature, humidity and pathogen release law is constructed to establish the disease risk model.

[0015] In some embodiments, the S11 includes: S111, atomizing pathogenic bacteria or fungal spore suspensions of different concentrations into the aerosol chamber, collecting and counting them through a sampler, and determining the concentration of pathogens in the aerosol; S112. Establish a quantitative relationship between the concentration of aerosolized pathogenic bacteria or fungal spore suspension and the concentration of pathogens in the aerosol room; S113. Place healthy plants in an aerosol chamber with controlled temperature and humidity, expose them to different concentrations of pathogenic bacteria or fungal spore aerosols, and calculate the corresponding aerosol concentrations using linear interpolation; S114. After culturing the healthy plants for a preset number of days, investigate the disease index and record the lowest aerosol concentration that causes the healthy plants to become diseased.

[0016] The automatic powder spraying device of the embodiment of the present invention can automatically perform the spraying operation, reduce the risk of field management personnel being exposed to pesticides, and thus improve the safety of pesticide application.

[0017] The powder spraying method provided by the present invention can judge the risk of disease occurrence according to the temperature and humidity distribution by constructing a disease risk model based on temperature and humidity, and apply pesticides only when there is a risk of disease occurrence. The number of times of drug use is reduced during the production cycle of facility vegetables, and automatic drug application is realized, reducing the risk of poisoning caused by contact with pesticides by field managers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the automatic powder spraying device provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the powder spraying assembly of the automatic powder spraying device provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3This is the second structural schematic diagram of the powder spraying assembly of the automatic powder spraying device provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic flow chart of the powder spraying method provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of step S1 of the powder spraying method provided by the present invention.

[0024] Reference numerals: 1. Body; 2. Pulley assembly; 21. Pulley; 22. Transmission member; 3. Powder spraying assembly; 31. Powder bin; 32. Spray pipe; 33. Powder lowering component; 331. Powder lowering wheel; 3311. Groove; 332. Tube body; 333. Driving member; 334. Partition; 34. Fan; 341. Driving motor; 342. Fan housing; 343. Impeller; 4. Sensor components; 5. Track. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention discloses an automatic powder spraying device, including a body 1, a pulley assembly 2, a powder spraying assembly 3 and a sensor assembly 4.

[0027] The pulley assembly 2 can drive the body 1 to move along the track 5; The powder spraying assembly 3 includes a powder bin 31, a nozzle 32 and a lower powder wheel 331. The bottom of the powder bin 31 is provided with a powder bin 31 outlet, the nozzle 32 has a jet airflow, a middle opening is provided on the peripheral wall of the nozzle 32, one end of the nozzle 32 is open to form a jet port, the powder bin 31 outlet is connected with the jet port through the middle opening, and the lower powder wheel 331 is provided between the powder bin 31 outlet and the middle opening, so as to transport the powder in the powder bin 31 to the nozzle 32; The sensor assembly 4 is arranged on the body 1 to collect the surrounding temperature and humidity.

[0028] For ease of description, the up and down directions are as follows Figure 1 shown.

[0029] The track 5 is installed in the greenhouse, and the pulley assembly 2 can drive the entire body 1 to move smoothly along the predetermined track 5, ensuring the accurate navigation and positioning of the automatic powder spraying device in the working area.

[0030] The powder bin 31 is located at the top for storing powder to be sprayed, and an outlet of the powder bin 31 is provided at the bottom.

[0031] A middle opening is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the nozzle 32, and one end is open to form a jet port. The nozzle 32 is connected to the air source, and a high-pressure airflow can enter the nozzle 32. The outlet of the powder bin 31 can be connected to the jet port through the middle opening. When the powder in the powder bin 31 enters the nozzle 32 through the middle opening, it can be ejected from the jet port under the action of the high-pressure airflow.

[0032] The lower powder wheel 331 is arranged between the outlet and the middle outlet of the powder bin 31, and is responsible for conveying the powder in the powder bin 31 to the nozzle 32. By controlling the rotation speed of the lower powder wheel 331, the amount of powder can be controlled, thereby achieving precise powder spraying operation.

[0033] The sensor assembly 4 is mounted on the body 1 to collect temperature and humidity data of the surrounding environment in real time. For example, the sensor assembly 4 includes a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor. The temperature and humidity distribution information in the surrounding environment can be obtained according to the temperature and humidity data.

[0034] In related technologies, manual pesticide application is not only inefficient, but also significantly increases the chances of direct contact between field managers and pesticides, greatly increasing the risk of pesticide exposure. Long-term exposure to pesticides poses a safety hazard of poisoning to managers, which threatens their health.

[0035] The automatic powder spraying device of the embodiment of the present invention, the pulley assembly 2 can drive the automatic powder spraying device to move smoothly along the preset track 5, ensuring the accurate navigation and positioning of the automatic powder spraying device in the working area; the powder spraying assembly 3 realizes the dispersion of powder, and the sensor assembly 4 is installed on the body 1 to collect the temperature and humidity data of the surrounding environment in real time, providing an important reference for optimizing the powder spraying process. The automatic powder spraying device of the embodiment of the present invention combines automatic mobility with accurate powder spraying function and environmental monitoring, aiming to reduce the labor intensity and pesticide exposure risk of field management personnel, while improving the effect and efficiency of disease prevention and control, and providing a safer, smarter and more efficient solution for modern agriculture.

[0036] Therefore, the automatic powder spraying device of the embodiment of the present invention can automatically perform the spraying operation, reduce the risk of field management personnel being exposed to pesticides, and thus improve the safety of pesticide application.

[0037] In some embodiments, the powder spraying assembly 3 includes a lower powder component 33 , which is disposed between the powder bin 31 and the spray pipe 32 , and includes a tube body 332 and a lower powder wheel 331 .

[0038] The tube body 332 is provided with a tube body 332 inlet and a tube body 332 outlet which are arranged opposite to each other in the radial direction of the tube body 332 . The tube body 332 inlet is communicated with the outlet of the powder bin 31 , and the tube body 332 outlet is communicated with the middle port.

[0039] The lower powder wheel 331 is rotatably disposed in the tube body 332 . A groove 3311 is disposed on the outer peripheral wall of the lower powder wheel 331 . The groove 3311 can correspond to the outlet or the middle opening of the powder bin 31 when rotating.

[0040] For example, Figure 2 As shown, the powder bin 31, the lower powder component 33 and the nozzle 32 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the top of the tube body 332 is provided with a tube body 332 inlet, the bottom of the tube body 332 is provided with a tube body 332 outlet, the lower powder wheel 331 is arranged in the tube body 332 and corresponds to the tube body 332 inlet and the tube body 332 outlet. In other words, the tube body 332 inlet, the lower powder wheel 331 and the tube body 332 outlet are arranged in sequence from top to bottom.

[0041] The groove 3311 on the outer peripheral wall of the lower powder wheel 331, when the lower powder wheel 331 rotates, only a specific amount of powder can fall into the groove 3311. When the groove 3311 corresponds to the outlet of the upper powder bin 31, the powder falls into the groove 3311; then the lower powder wheel 331 rotates, and the outer peripheral surface of the lower powder wheel 331 closes the outlet of the powder bin 31. When the groove 3311 brings the powder to the middle opening below, the powder falls into the nozzle 32 under the action of gravity. By controlling the rotation speed of the lower powder wheel 331, the amount of powder sprayed can be controlled.

[0042] In the automatic powder spraying device of the embodiment of the present invention, the lower powder wheel 331 realizes accurate quantitative delivery of powder in this way, avoiding the problem of overdosage or underdosage, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of drug application.

[0043] In some embodiments, the lower powder component 33 includes a driving member 333 and a partition 334 . The partition 334 is disposed between the driving member 333 and the lower powder wheel 331 . The output end of the driving member 333 passes through the partition 334 and is connected to the lower powder wheel 331 .

[0044] For example, Figure 2 As shown, in the axial direction of the tube body 332, the driving member 333, the partition 334 and the lower powder wheel 331 are arranged in sequence. The partition 334 can prevent the powder in the powder bin 31 from entering the driving member 333, thereby avoiding affecting the operation of the driving member 333.

[0045] The output end of the driving member 333 is connected to the lower powder wheel 331 through the partition 334. In this way, the driving member 333 can accurately control the rotation speed and position of the lower powder wheel 331, thereby achieving accurate adjustment of the powder delivery amount.

[0046] In some embodiments, the powder spraying assembly 3 includes a fan 34 , which is connected to the nozzle 32 so as to deliver high-pressure gas into the nozzle 32 .

[0047] For example, Figure 3 As shown, the fan 34 is connected to the nozzle 32. When the fan 34 is started, it can generate high-pressure airflow and send the high-pressure airflow into the nozzle 32. The high-pressure airflow is mixed with the powder transmitted from the lower powder wheel 331, so that the powder can be spread to the target area more evenly and quickly.

[0048] In addition, the introduction of the fan 34 not only enhances the diffusion capacity of the powder, but also effectively prevents the deposition of powder in the nozzle 32, ensuring that the nozzle 32 always remains unobstructed; by adjusting the rotation speed of the fan 34, the speed and pressure of the airflow can be controlled, thereby optimizing the powder spraying process and adapting to different operating requirements.

[0049] Optionally, the fan 34 includes a driving motor 341 , a fan housing 342 and an impeller 343 .

[0050] In some embodiments, the pulley assembly 2 includes a pulley 21 , a transmission member 22 and a motor. The motor is disposed in the body 1 , and the motor drives the transmission member 22 to drive the pulley 21 to rotate.

[0051] For example, Figure 1 As shown, the motor is installed in the body 1 as a power source, and its output shaft is connected to the transmission member 22, which can be a synchronous belt, a chain or a gear.

[0052] After the motor is started, the power is transmitted to the pulley 21 through the transmission member 22, so that the pulley 21 can rotate along the track 5, thereby driving the entire body 1 to move along a predetermined path.

[0053] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a powder spraying method, comprising: S1. Construct a disease risk model based on temperature and humidity; S2, the automated powder spraying device patrols the greenhouse to obtain information on the temperature and humidity distribution in the greenhouse; S3, inputting the temperature and humidity distribution information into the disease risk model; S4. Control the automatic powder spraying device to perform powder spraying operation or dormant operation according to the output result of the disease risk model.

[0054] First, a disease risk model based on temperature and humidity was constructed to predict the risk of fungal diseases under different environmental conditions.

[0055] The automated powder spraying device then patrols the greenhouse for at least one week in order to obtain and record the temperature and humidity distribution information in the greenhouse in real time. These data are directly input into the pre-established disease risk model for analysis. The model calculates the probability of disease occurrence in each area based on the input temperature and humidity data, and outputs corresponding control instructions accordingly. If a disease risk is detected, the automated powder spraying device is controlled to perform powder spraying operations to prevent or control the disease; if no disease risk is detected, the automated powder spraying device is controlled to enter a sleep state to save energy and reduce unnecessary intervention, thereby achieving efficient and intelligent disease management.

[0056] The powder spraying method of the embodiment of the present invention can judge the risk of disease occurrence according to the temperature and humidity distribution by constructing a disease risk model based on temperature and humidity, and apply pesticides only when there is a risk of disease occurrence. The number of times of applying pesticides is reduced during the production cycle of greenhouse vegetables, and automatic application of pesticides is realized, reducing the risk of poisoning caused by contact with pesticides by field managers.

[0057] In some embodiments, S4 includes: S41. If the result output by the disease risk model indicates that there is a risk, the automatic powder spraying device is controlled to perform a powder spraying operation; S42. If the result output by the disease risk model is that there is no risk, the automatic powder spraying device is controlled to sleep for a first preset time, and S2 and S3 are executed again after the automatic powder spraying device completes the sleep period.

[0058] If the result output by the disease risk model indicates that there is a disease risk, the automatic powder spraying device is immediately controlled to perform powder spraying to inhibit the development of the disease; conversely, if the evaluation result of the disease risk model shows that there is no significant risk, the automatic powder spraying device is controlled to enter a dormant state, and the dormant time can be set as needed, such as 24 hours or 48 hours. After the dormant period ends, the automatic powder spraying device automatically re-executes steps S2 and S3, thereby achieving real-time monitoring and precise prevention and control of greenhouse diseases.

[0059] The automatic powder spraying device of the embodiment of the present invention effectively improves the health level and yield of crops through real-time monitoring and precise prevention and control of greenhouse diseases.

[0060] In some embodiments, S41 includes, when performing the powder spraying operation, the calculation formula of the rotation speed r of the lower powder wheel 331 is:

[0061] Among them, the unit of r is revolutions / s; v is the travel speed of the automatic powder spraying device, in m / s; W is the powder spraying distance in meters. Since the powder has a good dispersion effect and will diffuse by itself after application, W can be the size of the greenhouse in the direction perpendicular to the track 5. For example, the track 5 is arranged along the length of the greenhouse, and W is the width dimension of the temperature.

[0062] A is the amount of powder applied per unit area, in g / m 2 ; It is the amount of powder lowered by the lower powder wheel 331 after one rotation, in g.

[0063] The automatic powder spraying device of the embodiment of the present invention can control the amount of pesticide sprayed by accurately controlling the rotation speed of the lower powder wheel 331, thereby facilitating accurate control of diseases.

[0064] In some embodiments, S1 includes: S11. Determine the minimum concentration of pathogenic bacteria or fungal spores that causes disease through experiments, analyze the impact of different temperature and humidity conditions on plants, and establish a quantitative model for the relationship between aerosol concentration and plant disease.

[0065] S12. Place the diseased plants in an aerosol chamber, record the temperature and humidity regularly, and sample the pathogens or fungal spores in the air. For example, place the diseased plants in an aerosol chamber, record the temperature and humidity every 3 hours, and use an aerosol sampler to collect the pathogens or fungal spores in the air onto a suitable culture medium.

[0066] S13, counting the sampled pathogens or fungal spores after culturing for a second preset time. For example, the collected pathogens or fungal spores are cultured and counted after 24 hours to calculate the amount of pathogens released by the diseased plants. It is understandable that the second preset time can be set as needed, for example, the second preset time is 12 hours to 48 hours.

[0067] S14. Based on the collected temperature, humidity and pathogen release data, a temperature, humidity and pathogen release law is constructed to establish a disease risk model. For example, based on the acquired temperature, humidity and pathogen release law, a temperature, humidity and pathogen release law is constructed to construct a disease risk model based on temperature and humidity.

[0068] In some embodiments, S11 includes: S111. Atomize pathogenic bacteria or fungal spore suspensions of different concentrations into the aerosol chamber, collect and count them through a sampler, and determine the pathogen concentration in the aerosol.

[0069] For example, to clarify the pathogenicity threshold of pathogen or fungal spore aerosols, use an impact aerosol generator to atomize pathogen or fungal spore suspensions of different concentrations into the aerosol chamber, then use a large-flow sampler to sample the pathogens in the aerosol chamber onto a pre-sterilized culture medium, and count them after cultivation to obtain the concentration of pathogens or fungal spores in the aerosol chamber.

[0070] S112. Establish a quantitative relationship between the concentration of the aerosolized pathogenic bacteria or fungal spore suspension and the concentration of the pathogen in the aerosol chamber. For example, establish a quantitative relationship between the concentration of the aerosolized pathogenic bacteria or fungal spore suspension and the concentration of the pathogenic bacteria or fungal spore aerosol in the aerosol chamber.

[0071] S113. Place healthy plants in an aerosol chamber with controlled temperature and humidity, expose them to different concentrations of pathogenic bacteria or fungal spore aerosols, and calculate the corresponding aerosol concentrations using linear interpolation.

[0072] For example, healthy cucumbers are placed in an aerosol chamber with controllable temperature and humidity, and pathogen or fungal spore suspensions of different concentrations are atomized into it. The aerosol concentration of pathogens or fungal spores in the corresponding aerosol chamber can be calculated by linear interpolation.

[0073] S114, after culturing the healthy plants for a preset number of days, investigate the disease index and record the lowest aerosol concentration that causes the healthy plants to become ill. For example, after culturing cucumbers for 5 days, investigate the disease index and record the lowest aerosol concentration that can cause the healthy cucumbers to become ill.

[0074] It is understandable that the experimental plants may also be other vegetables, such as potatoes and eggplants.

[0075] The following is an embodiment of the powder spraying method of the embodiment of the present invention: Cucumber bacterial angular leaf spot is caused by infection with Pseudomonas amygdaloides pathovar (Pal for short), which spreads rapidly in the greenhouse in the form of aerosols, causing serious damage. The implementation process of the dusting method of the embodiment of the present invention is described below using cucumber bacterial angular leaf spot as an example.

[0076] 1. Constructing a disease risk model for bacterial angular leaf spot of cucumber: 1. Clarify the pathogenicity threshold of Pal aerosol.

[0077] The impact aerosol generator was used to atomize different concentrations of Pal bacterial suspension into the aerosol chamber, and then a large-flow sampler was used to sample the pathogens in the aerosol chamber onto a pre-sterilized nutrient agar (NB) plate. After 24 hours of incubation, the bacteria were counted to obtain the Pal aerosol concentration in the aerosol chamber, and the quantitative relationship between the atomized Pal bacterial suspension concentration and the Pal aerosol concentration in the aerosol chamber was established. This is shown in the following table.

[0078]

[0079] When healthy cucumbers have 2 true leaves, they are placed in an aerosol chamber with controlled temperature and humidity. Different concentrations of Pal aerosol bacterial suspensions are atomized into them. The Pal aerosol concentration in the corresponding aerosol chamber can be calculated by linear interpolation. After 5 days of cultivation, a disease index survey was conducted to record the lowest aerosol concentration that can cause disease in healthy cucumbers. The Pal pathogenicity threshold was tested at 15°C, 20°C, 25°C, 30°C, 35°C, and relative humidity of 20%, 50%, and 80%. The results are shown in the table below.

[0080]

[0081] 2. Construct a Pal aerosol emission model.

[0082] To investigate the effects of different environmental factors on the release of Pal aerosol, healthy cucumbers were cultured to 2 true leaves and placed in an aerosol chamber with controlled temperature and humidity. 6 CFU / mL of Pal bacterial suspension was moved to the aerosol chamber after mild symptoms appeared, and the Pal aerosol release was tested at 15℃, 20℃, 25℃, 30℃, 35℃, and relative humidity of 20%, 50%, and 80%. After 24 hours of incubation at the target temperature and humidity, the pathogens in the aerosol chamber were sampled on the pre-sterilized nutrient agar (NB) plate using a high-flow sampler, and counted after 24 hours of incubation. The results are shown in the following table.

[0083]

[0084] 3. Build a disease risk model Bilinear interpolation is used to calculate the pathogenic threshold and release amount of Pal aerosol under the actual measured temperature and humidity conditions. If the release amount is greater than the pathogenic threshold, it is considered that there is a risk of disease and the pesticide is applied.

[0085] 2. When the field management personnel find signs of disease in the greenhouse during the inspection, they send a command to start the pesticide application operation. The aforementioned automatic powder spraying device moves in the greenhouse to obtain the temperature and humidity distribution at different locations in the greenhouse, and takes the average value as the temperature and humidity measurement value in the greenhouse at the current time; 3. Input the obtained temperature and humidity distribution into the disease risk model to obtain the current disease risk. If there is a disease risk, continue the pesticide application operation. If there is no disease risk, dormant for 4 hours before executing it again. 4. The automatic powder spraying device moves in the greenhouse and performs powder spraying operation at the same time. The rotation speed of the powder wheel 331 is calculated according to the following method:

[0086] Where r is the rotation speed of the lower powder wheel 331, in revolutions / s; is the walking speed of the automatic powder spraying device, in m / s, which is set to 1.2 m / s in this embodiment; W is the powder spraying distance, which is 8.3 m in this embodiment; A is the powder application per unit area, which is 0.75 g / m 2 ; The amount of powder dropped when the lower powder wheel 331 rotates one circle is 1.79 g.

[0087] 5. After spraying, wait for an interval between spraying, for example, 3 days, and then the automatic powder spraying device starts patrolling again, inputs the collected temperature distribution information into the disease risk model, and then chooses to spray or hibernate.

[0088] In order to test the beneficial effects of the present invention, field tests were carried out: Three adjacent greenhouses were selected to sow Zhongnong No. 6 cucumbers on the same sowing date and adopt the same management measures such as ventilation and irrigation. Five cucumber plants were inoculated with 10 6 CFU / mL of Pal bacterial suspension, and then three greenhouses were not sprayed as a control group, and manual spraying and automatic spraying equipment developed in this embodiment were adopted. Both manual spraying and automatic spraying equipment sprayed 0.4% kasugamycin powder, and the disease index survey was conducted at 5 points on the 5th, 15th and 30th days. The disease index and prevention effect were investigated according to GB / T 17980.110-2004. The results are shown in the following table.

[0089]

[0090]

[0091] The results show that the automated powder spraying device of the embodiment of the present invention applies pesticides in a targeted manner when environmental factors are conducive to the occurrence of diseases, and has a better control effect. Powder spraying does not increase the humidity in the greenhouse and delays the spread of the disease. At the same time, the amount of pesticide used during the 30-day growth period is reduced by 44.24% compared with manual regular application of pesticides.

[0092] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic powder spraying device, characterized in that: include: Body; A pulley assembly, wherein the pulley assembly can drive the machine body to move along the track; A powder spraying assembly, the powder spraying assembly comprising a powder bin, a spray pipe and a lower powder wheel, the bottom of the powder bin is provided with a powder bin outlet, the spray pipe has a spray airflow, a middle opening is provided on the peripheral wall of the spray pipe, one end of the spray pipe is open to form a spray port, the powder bin outlet is connected with the spray port through the middle opening, and the lower powder wheel is arranged between the powder bin outlet and the middle opening so as to transport the powder in the powder bin to the spray pipe; The sensor component is arranged on the machine body to collect the surrounding temperature and humidity.

2. The automatic powder spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The powder spraying assembly includes a powder lowering component, which is arranged between the powder bin and the spray pipe, and the powder lowering component includes: A tube body, wherein the tube body is provided with a tube body inlet and a tube body outlet which are arranged opposite to each other in the radial direction of the tube body, the tube body inlet is communicated with the powder bin outlet, and the tube body outlet is communicated with the middle opening; The lower powder wheel is rotatably disposed in the tube body, and a groove is disposed on the outer peripheral wall of the lower powder wheel, and the groove can correspond to the powder bin outlet or the middle opening when rotating.

3. The automatic powder spraying device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower powder component comprises a driving member and a partition, wherein the partition is arranged between the driving member and the lower powder wheel, and the output end of the driving member passes through the partition and is connected to the lower powder wheel.

4. The automatic powder spraying device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The powder spraying assembly includes a blower, which is connected to the spray pipe so as to deliver high-pressure gas into the spray pipe.

5. The automatic powder spraying device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The pulley assembly comprises a pulley, a transmission member and a motor. The motor is disposed in the body, and the motor drives the transmission member to drive the pulley to rotate.

6. A powder spraying method using the automatic powder spraying device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: include: S1. Construct a disease risk model based on temperature and humidity; S2. The automatic powder spraying device patrols in the greenhouse to obtain temperature and humidity distribution information in the greenhouse; S3, inputting the temperature and humidity distribution information into the disease risk model; S4. Controlling the automatic powder spraying device to perform powder spraying operation or dormant operation according to the result output by the disease risk model.

7. The powder spraying method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The S4 includes: S41. If the result output by the disease risk model is that there is a risk, controlling the automatic powder spraying device to perform a powder spraying operation; S42. If the result output by the disease risk model is that there is no risk, control the automatic powder spraying device to sleep for a first preset time, and re-execute S2 and S3 after the automatic powder spraying device completes the sleep period.

8. The powder spraying method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The S41 includes, when performing the powder spraying operation, the calculation formula of the rotation speed r of the lower powder wheel is: ； in, The unit is revolutions / s; v is the travel speed of the automatic powder spraying device, in m / s; W is the powder spraying distance, in m; A is the amount of powder applied per unit area, in g / m 2 ; It is the amount of powder lowered when the lower powder wheel rotates one circle, in g.

9. The powder spraying method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The S1 includes: S11. Determine the minimum concentration of pathogenic bacteria or fungal spores that causes disease through experiments, analyze the effects of different temperature and humidity conditions on plants, and establish a quantitative model for the relationship between aerosol concentration and plant disease. S12. Place the diseased plants in an aerosol chamber, record the temperature and humidity regularly, and sample the pathogens or fungal spores in the air; S13, counting the sampled pathogenic bacteria or fungal spores after culturing for a second preset time; S14. Based on the collected temperature, humidity and pathogen release data, a temperature, humidity and pathogen release law is constructed to establish the disease risk model.

10. The powder spraying method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The S11 includes: S111, atomizing pathogenic bacteria or fungal spore suspensions of different concentrations into the aerosol chamber, collecting and counting them through a sampler, and determining the concentration of pathogens in the aerosol; S112. Establish a quantitative relationship between the concentration of aerosolized pathogenic bacteria or fungal spore suspension and the concentration of pathogens in the aerosol room; S113. Place healthy plants in an aerosol chamber with controlled temperature and humidity, expose them to different concentrations of pathogenic bacteria or fungal spore aerosols, and calculate the corresponding aerosol concentrations using linear interpolation; S114. After culturing the healthy plants for a preset number of days, investigate the disease index and record the lowest aerosol concentration that causes the healthy plants to become diseased.

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