Pharmaceutical composition for preventing and controlling peach gummosis and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and controlling peach tree gummosis and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of induced disease prevention. The invention discloses a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and controlling peach gummosis. The pharmaceutical composition comprises salicylic acid and a chemical bactericide which are separately subpackaged, the chemical bactericide comprises hexaconazole and prochloraz; the mass ratio of hexaconazole to prochloraz is (4-8): 1. According to the method, salicylic acid and hexaconazole and prochloraz in a specific ratio are alternately applied to peach trees, the resistance of plants to various diseases is improved through exogenous application of salicylic acid in the growing season, and the purpose of reducing the use frequency of chemical bactericides is achieved in cooperation with use of the chemical bactericides. Meanwhile, due to the induction effect of salicylic acid, the effect of prolonging the lasting period of the chemical preparation can also be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of induced disease resistance, and specifically relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and controlling peach gummosis and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Peach (Prunus persica L.) belongs to the Amygdalus subgenus of the Rosaceae family. It is a native fruit of China and is widely planted in Shandong, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan and other provinces. Peach gummosis is one of the common diseases of stone fruit trees. It is mainly caused by infection by Botryosphaeria dothidea and Botryosphaeria obtusa of the Botryosphaeria genus. It is an important disease of peach trees in my country. It is common and almost spreads throughout the entire peach production area of ​​my country, especially in the Yangtze River Basin and the areas to the south. The disease mainly harms the main trunk and main branches of peach trees, secreting brown, transparent and soft jelly at the lenticels or wounds. As the disease develops and spreads, the plant growth gradually weakens, the fruit quality declines, the yield decreases, and eventually the whole plant dies.

[0003] Peach gummosis is a complex disease caused by multiple reasons, and the duration of occurrence is long, so it is difficult to prevent and control. At present, chemical control is still the main method for preventing and controlling peach gummosis in production. Chemical control has become an indispensable prevention and control method in the process of disease prevention and control due to its advantages such as quick effect and good effect. Hexaconazole is a triazole sterol demethylase inhibitor, which is mainly used to control important leaf diseases such as apple powdery mildew and apple leaf spot disease. It also has a good effect on many other fungal diseases such as ring rot and dry rot. Prochloraz is an imidazole broad-spectrum fungicide, which can be absorbed and transmitted in plants. It mainly works by inhibiting the biosynthesis of ergosterol. It is a fungicide with both protective and eradication effects. It has obvious preventive effects on diseases caused by ascomycetes and ascomycetes on various crops. However, most chemical fungicides have a single action site and act on plant pathogens in one way. The repeated use of these pesticides will inevitably increase the risk of drug resistance. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and controlling peach gummosis. The pharmaceutical composition prepared by combining salicylic acid with the chemical agents hexaconazole and prochloraz can not only reduce the development of pathogenic bacteria's resistance to the agents, but also reduce pollution to the environment.

[0005] The invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and controlling gummosis of peach trees, comprising separately packaged salicylic acid and a chemical fungicide; the chemical fungicide comprises hexaconazole and prochloraz; and the mass ratio of hexaconazole to prochloraz is (4-8):1.

[0006] Preferably, the mass ratio of hexaconazole to prochloraz is (6-8):1.

[0007] The invention provides application of the pharmaceutical composition in preventing and controlling peach gummosis.

[0008] The present invention provides a method for preventing and controlling peach gummosis, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Before the peach trees sprout, a chemical fungicide is applied; the mass ratio of hexaconazole to prochloraz is (4-8):1;

[0010] Apply salicylic acid after peach trees bloom;

[0011] During the growth period of peach trees, the pesticides are applied in a cycle every 14 to 16 days until harvest in the following manner: the chemical fungicide is applied one day after applying salicylic acid, and salicylic acid is applied again 14 to 16 days later;

[0012] The chemical fungicide is applied once after the peach fruits are harvested.

[0013] Preferably, in the chemical fungicide, the hexaconazole is a 5000-fold dilution of a 30% hexaconazole suspension;

[0014] The prochloraz is a 2000-fold dilution of 45% prochloraz emulsion in water.

[0015] Preferably, each time the chemical fungicide is used, the amount of the chemical fungicide applied is based on wetting the trunk and branches of the entire peach tree.

[0016] Preferably, the working concentration of salicylic acid is 13-18 mmol / L.

[0017] Preferably, the application amount of the salicylic acid is based on spraying the trunk and branches of the entire peach tree.

[0018] Preferably, the applying comprises spraying;

[0019] During the spraying, the spray is applied on the main trunk and branches.

[0020] Preferably, the interval between the cyclic administrations is 15 days.

[0021] The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and controlling gummosis of peach trees, comprising separately packaged salicylic acid and a chemical fungicide; the chemical fungicide comprises hexaconazole and prochloraz; the mass ratio of hexaconazole to prochloraz is (4-8):1. The present invention mixes different types of fungicides of hexaconazole and prochloraz, screens out the synergistic fungicidal ratio of the chemical fungicides, and combines salicylic acid at the same time. The method of combining salicylic acid with fungicides of different ratios is used to prevent and control gummosis of peach trees, so as to reduce the number of times chemical agents are used and reduce the risk of resistance of pathogens. Salicylic acid is widely present in plants, belongs to phenolic compounds, and is a new plant endogenous hormone. Exogenous salicylic acid is low in price and safe to plants. The combined use of salicylic acid with chemical agents can not only reduce the resistance of pathogens to agents, but also reduce pollution to the environment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and controlling gummosis of peach trees, comprising separately packaged salicylic acid and a chemical fungicide; the chemical fungicide comprises hexaconazole and prochloraz; and the mass ratio of hexaconazole to prochloraz is (4-8):1.

[0023] In the present invention, the mass ratio of hexaconazole and prochloraz is preferably (6-8):1, which can be 7:1. The hexaconazole is preferably a 5000-fold dilution of 30% hexaconazole suspension, which can be a 5000-fold dilution. The prochloraz is preferably a 2000-fold dilution of 45% prochloraz water emulsion. The present invention screens the strongest bactericidal effect of hexaconazole and prochloraz through indoor toxicity tests. The results show that when hexaconazole and prochloraz are mixed at a mass ratio of 4:1 and 8:1, good synergistic enhancement results can be achieved, and when hexaconazole and prochloraz are mixed at a mass ratio of 8:1, the co-toxicity coefficient is the largest, the synergistic enhancement is most obvious, and the co-toxicity coefficient is second when the mass ratio is mixed at 4:1. Therefore, hexaconazole and prochloraz are used to prevent and control peach gummosis according to a mass ratio range of 4-8:1. The present invention has no special restrictions on the sources of the hexaconazole and prochloraz, and hexaconazole and prochloraz known in the art can be used. In the embodiment of the present invention, the hexaconazole was purchased from Qingdao Haina Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The prochloraz was purchased from Jiangxi Zhonghe Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0024] In the present invention, the salicylic acid is packaged separately. The exogenous application of salicylic acid can induce the expression of plant defense genes and produce a partial protective effect on diseases. Experiments show that the combined application of salicylic acid and chemical fungicides can not only reduce the number of applications of chemical fungicides and reduce the risk of drug resistance of peach gummosis pathogens, but also greatly reduce the occurrence of peach gummosis, and have a good prevention and control effect on peach gummosis. The results of the embodiments of the present invention show that compared with oxalic acid, the combined application of salicylic acid and the chemical fungicides can further improve the killing effect on peach gummosis pathogens and improve the prevention and control effect of peach gummosis.

[0025] In view of the fact that salicylic acid combined with hexaconazole and prochloraz has good characteristics of inhibiting peach gummosis pathogens, the present invention provides the use of the pharmaceutical composition in preventing and controlling peach gummosis.

[0026] The present invention provides a method for preventing and controlling peach gummosis, comprising the following steps:

[0027] Before the peach trees sprout, a chemical fungicide is applied; the mass ratio of hexaconazole to prochloraz is (4-8):1;

[0028] Apply salicylic acid after peach trees bloom;

[0029] During the growth period of peach trees, the pesticides are applied in a cycle every 14 to 16 days until harvest in the following manner: the chemical fungicide is applied one day after applying salicylic acid, and salicylic acid is applied again 14 to 16 days later;

[0030] The chemical fungicide is applied once after the peach fruits are harvested.

[0031] In the present invention, the solvent of the chemical fungicide preferably includes water. Each time the chemical fungicide is used, the application amount of the chemical fungicide is based on spraying the trunk and branches of the entire peach tree.

[0032] In the present invention, the working concentration of salicylic acid is preferably 13-18 mmol / L, and can be 15 mmol / L. The application amount of salicylic acid is based on spraying the trunk and branches of the entire peach tree.

[0033] In the present invention, the application preferably includes spraying. The spraying is preferably applied to the trunk and branches. The interval between the cyclic application is preferably 15 days.

[0034] In the present invention, before the peach trees sprout, the plantation is preferably cleaned and the trunks with gummosis of peach trees are scraped clean. After the peach trees bloom, salicylic acid is applied to the whole tree. When applying the pesticide during the growth period of the peach trees, the branches and twigs are sprayed. After the peach fruits are harvested, the chemical fungicide is preferably sprayed on the whole tree.

[0035] In the present invention, the above method is used to prevent and control gummosis of peach trees in peach orchards, and the prevention and control rate is higher than 70%.

[0036] The following is a detailed description of a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and controlling peach gummosis and its application provided by the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] Optimization of the compound ratio of hexaconazole and prochloraz in indoor toxicity test

[0039] 1. Drug description: 95.40% hexaconazole technical and 97% prochloraz technical (purchased from Tianjin Hanbang Plant Protection Agent Co., Ltd.) were prepared into a 1000 μg / mL stock solution with acetone.

[0040] 2. Test methods

[0041] Referring to the Guidelines for Indoor Bioassay Tests of Pesticides, the growth rate method was used to determine the antibacterial activity of different drug ratios against peach gummosis pathogens. The above-prepared mother liquor was mixed according to different mass ratios of hexaconazole and prochloraz (1:8, 1:4, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 4:1, 8:1), with a total of 7 groups, and 7 concentration gradients (10μg / mL, 5μg / mL, 2.5μg / mL, 0.5μg / mL, 0.25μg / mL, 0.1μg / mL, 0.05μg / mL) were set in each group, with the group without drug treatment as the blank control. Use a pipette to draw 2mL of the prepared drug solution and mix it thoroughly with 10mL PDA culture medium, then pour it into a culture dish to make a drug-containing plate. Each treatment was repeated 4 times, and the culture medium with 2mL of sterile water was used as the blank control. Use a sterile puncher with a diameter of 5 mm to punch bacterial cakes along the edge of the cultured peach gummosis pathogen Botryosphaeria dothidea colony, inoculate the bacterial cakes in the center of the PDA plates with different treatments, and place one bacterial cake on each plate. Culture them in a constant temperature incubator at 28°C for 3-7 days. When the control colony fills the culture dish, measure the colony diameters of the different ratio treatments by the cross method, and calculate the growth inhibition rate according to Formula I.

[0042] Mycelium growth inhibition rate (%) = (control colony diameter - treated colony diameter) / (control colony diameter - 5) × 100% Formula I

[0043] The mycelium growth inhibition rate was converted into the inhibition probability value, the drug concentration was converted into logarithmic form, and the toxicity regression equation and EC were calculated. 50 And correlation coefficient, the toxicity index and co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) of the agent were calculated according to the following formula.

[0044] Toxicity index (TI) = standard drug EC 50 / Test Drug EC 50 ×100% Formula II;

[0045] Actual Toxicity Index (ATI) of the mixture = EC of the standard agent 50 EC of mixture 50 ×100% Formula III;

[0046] Theoretical toxicity index of mixture (TTI) = toxicity index of A × content of A in the mixture (%) + toxicity index of B × content of B in the mixture (%) Formula IV;

[0047] Co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) = actual toxicity index of the mixture (ATI) / theoretical toxicity index of the mixture (TTI) × 100% Formula V.

[0048] When CTC≤80, it is an antagonistic effect, 80<CTC<120, it is an additive effect, and CTC≥120, it is a synergistic effect.

[0049] The results showed that the CTC values ​​of hexaconazole and prochloraz in the ratio of 4:1 and 8:1 were 321.58 and 795.97, respectively, both greater than 120, indicating that the ratio of hexaconazole and prochloraz has a significant synergistic effect, especially the ratio of 8:1, which has the largest CTC value and the most obvious synergistic effect, and is the best ratio.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] A pharmaceutical composition for preventing and controlling gummosis of peach trees, comprising the following reagents:

[0052] Salicylic acid solution: prepare a salicylic acid aqueous solution with a working concentration of 15 mmol / L;

[0053] Chemical fungicide: 5000 times diluted solution of 30% hexaconazole suspension and 2000 times diluted solution of 45% prochloraz emulsion were prepared according to the mass ratio of hexaconazole to prochloraz of 8:1 and 4:1 respectively to obtain a mixed solution of hexaconazole and prochloraz (8:1) and a mixed solution of hexaconazole and prochloraz (4:1) for subsequent use.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] A method for preventing and controlling peach gummosis

[0056] Before the budding of 12-year-old peach trees, the gummosis lesions that have occurred were scraped off in combination with the garden cleaning work, and the mixed solution of hexaconazole and prochloraz (8:1) prepared in Example 1 was sprayed on the trunks and branches, and the spraying amount was until the trunks and branches of the entire peach tree were wet.

[0057] After the peach tree blooms, spray 15mmol / L salicylic acid aqueous solution until the trunk and branches of the entire tree are moistened.

[0058] During the growth period of peach trees, first spray 15mmol / L salicylic acid aqueous solution, then spray a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (8:1) one day later, and spray 15mmol / L salicylic acid alone every 15 days. After that, spray once every 15 days (spray 15mmol / L salicylic acid, spray a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (8:1) one day later + spray 15mmol / L salicylic acid alone after 15 days), and alternately apply the medicine until harvest. When spraying, focus on spraying branches and twigs, and spray until all branches and twigs are wet.

[0059] After the peaches are harvested, spray the whole tree with a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (8:1) until the trunk and branches of the entire peach tree are wet.

[0060] The above method was repeated in parallel in 4 peach planting areas, each of which included 7 peach trees.

[0061] At the same time, the present embodiment also arranges a blank control, and no pesticide is applied during the entire growth period of the peach tree.

[0062] Example 4

[0063] A method for preventing and controlling peach gummosis

[0064] Before the 12-year-old peach trees sprouted, the gummosis lesions that had already occurred were scraped off in combination with the garden cleaning work, and the mixed solution of hexaconazole and prochloraz (4:1) prepared in Example 1 was sprayed until the trunk and branches of the entire peach tree were wet.

[0065] After the peach tree blooms, spray the entire tree with 15mmol / L salicylic acid aqueous solution until the trunk and branches of the entire tree are moistened.

[0066] During the growth period of peach trees, spray 15mmol / L salicylic acid aqueous solution first, then spray a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (4:1) one day later, and spray 15mmol / L salicylic acid aqueous solution alone every 15 days. After that, spray once every 15 days (spray 15mmol / L salicylic acid aqueous solution, spray a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (4:1) one day later + spray 15mmol / L salicylic acid aqueous solution alone after 15 days), and alternately apply pesticides until harvest; when spraying, focus on spraying branches and twigs, and spray until all branches and twigs are wetted.

[0067] After harvesting, spray the whole tree with a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (4:1) until the trunk and branches of the whole tree are moistened.

[0068] The above method was repeated in parallel in 4 peach planting areas, each of which included 7 peach trees.

[0069] Comparative Example 1

[0070] Before the 12-year-old peach trees sprouted, the gummosis lesions that had already occurred were scraped off in combination with the garden cleaning work, and the mixed solution of hexaconazole and prochloraz (8:1) prepared in Example 1 was sprayed;

[0071] After flowering, spray 20mmol / L oxalic acid aqueous solution until the trunk and branches of the whole tree are moistened;

[0072] During the growth period, spray 20mmol / L oxalic acid aqueous solution, spray a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (8:1) one day later, and spray 20mmol / L oxalic acid aqueous solution once every 15 days. Thereafter, spray once every 15 days (spray 20mmol / L oxalic acid aqueous solution, spray a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (8:1) one day later + spray 20mmol / L oxalic acid aqueous solution alone after 15 days), and alternately apply pesticides until harvest; focus on spraying branches and twigs when spraying, and spray until all branches and twigs are wetted;

[0073] After harvesting, spray a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (8:1) until the trunk and branches of the entire tree are moistened.

[0074] The above method was repeated in parallel in 4 peach planting areas, each of which included 7 peach trees.

[0075] Comparative Example 2

[0076] Before the 12-year-old peach trees sprouted, the gummosis lesions that had already occurred were scraped off in combination with the garden cleaning work, and the mixed solution of hexaconazole and prochloraz (4:1) prepared in Example 1 was sprayed until the trunk and branches of the whole tree were moistened.

[0077] After flowering, spray 20mmol / L oxalic acid aqueous solution until the trunk and branches of the entire tree are moistened.

[0078] During the growth period, spray 20mmol / L oxalic acid aqueous solution, spray a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (4:1) one day later, and spray 20mmol / L oxalic acid aqueous solution alone every 15 days. Thereafter, spray once every 15 days (spray 20mmol / L oxalic acid aqueous solution, spray a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (4:1) one day later + spray 20mmol / L oxalic acid aqueous solution alone after 15 days), and alternately apply pesticides until harvest; focus on spraying branches and twigs when spraying, and spray until all branches and twigs are wetted;

[0079] After harvesting, spray a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (4:1) until the trunk and branches of the entire tree are moistened.

[0080] The above method was repeated in parallel in 4 peach planting areas, each of which included 7 peach trees.

[0081] Comparative Example 3

[0082] Before the 12-year-old peach trees sprout, in combination with the garden cleaning work, the gummosis lesions that have occurred should be scraped off and a mixture of hexaconazole and myclobutanil (8:1) should be sprayed until the trunk and branches of the entire tree are moistened.

[0083] After flowering, spray with clean water instead of salicylic acid, and spray until the trunk and branches of the entire tree are moist.

[0084] During the growing season, spray with clean water instead of salicylic acid, and spray with a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (8:1) one day later, and replace salicylic acid with clean water every 15 days. Thereafter, spray once every 15 days (spray with clean water instead of salicylic acid, spray with a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (8:1) one day later + replace salicylic acid with clean water after 15 days), and repeat the cycle until harvest; focus on spraying branches and twigs when spraying, and spray until all branches and twigs are wet.

[0085] After harvesting, spray a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (8:1) until the trunk and branches of the entire tree are moistened.

[0086] The above method was repeated in parallel in 4 peach planting areas, each of which included 7 peach trees.

[0087] Comparative Example 4

[0088] Before the 12-year-old peach trees sprout, in combination with the garden cleaning work, the gummosis lesions that have occurred should be scraped off and a mixture of hexaconazole and myclobutanil (4:1) should be sprayed until the trunk and branches of the entire tree are moistened.

[0089] After flowering, spray with clean water instead of salicylic acid, and spray until the trunk and branches of the entire tree are moist.

[0090] During the growing season, spray with clean water instead of salicylic acid, and spray with a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (4:1) one day later, and replace salicylic acid with clean water every 15 days. Thereafter, spray once every 15 days (spray with clean water instead of salicylic acid, spray with a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (4:1) one day later + replace salicylic acid with clean water after 15 days), and alternately apply the pesticides until harvest; focus on spraying branches and twigs when spraying, and spray until all branches and twigs are wet.

[0091] After harvesting, spray a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (4:1) until the trunk and branches of the entire tree are moistened.

[0092] The above method was repeated in parallel in 4 peach planting areas, each of which included 7 peach trees.

[0093] Comparative Example 5

[0094] Before the 12-year-old peach trees sprout, in combination with the garden cleaning work, the gummosis lesions that have occurred should be scraped off and a mixture of hexaconazole and myclobutanil (8:1) should be sprayed until the trunk and branches of the entire tree are moistened.

[0095] After flowering, spray a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (8:1) until the trunk and branches of the entire tree are moistened.

[0096] During the growing season, spray a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (8:1), and then apply the pesticide once every 15 days (a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (8:1)) until harvest; when spraying, focus on spraying the trunks and twigs, and spray enough to wet all the trunks and twigs.

[0097] After harvesting, spray a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (8:1) until the trunk and branches of the entire tree are moistened.

[0098] The above method was repeated in parallel in 4 peach planting areas, each of which included 7 peach trees.

[0099] Comparative Example 6

[0100] Before the 12-year-old peach trees sprout, in combination with the garden cleaning work, the gummosis lesions that have occurred should be scraped off and a mixture of hexaconazole and myclobutanil (4:1) should be sprayed until the trunk and branches of the entire tree are moistened.

[0101] After flowering, spray a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (4:1) until the trunk and branches of the entire tree are moistened.

[0102] During the growing season, spray a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (4:1), and then apply the pesticide once every 15 days (a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (4:1)) until harvest; when spraying, focus on spraying the trunks and twigs, and spray enough to wet all the trunks and twigs.

[0103] After harvesting, spray a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (4:1) until the trunk and branches of the entire tree are moistened.

[0104] The above method was repeated in parallel in 4 peach planting areas, each of which included 7 peach trees.

[0105] Example 2

[0106] Investigation methods and results of prevention and control effectiveness

[0107] The diseased peach plants of Examples 3 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 were investigated, the diseased plant rate was calculated, the peach gummosis disease index was calculated according to the grading standard, and the control effects of different treatments were statistically analyzed.

[0108] Diseased plant rate (%) = number of diseased plants / total number of plants × 100% Formula I.

[0109] Disease index = ∑ (number of diseased plants at each level × relative level value) / (total number of plants investigated × 3) × 100% Formula II.

[0110] Control effect (%) = (disease index of blank control area - disease index of treated area) / disease index of blank control area × 100% Formula III.

[0111] Grading standards for peach gummosis:

[0112] Level 0: No gum flow is observed on the trunk or branches, and the tree vigor is not affected;

[0113] Level 1: There are 1 to 9 gum flow spots on the main trunk and main branches, the diseased area is less than 5%, and the tree vigor is not affected;

[0114] Level 2: There are 10-19 gum flow spots on the trunk and main branches, and the diseased area is 5% to 10%, which is slightly affected;

[0115] Level 3: There are 20-29 gum spots on the main trunk and branches, and the diseased area is 10% to 20%. The impact is obvious, and the leaves fade prematurely.

[0116] The results are shown in Table 1.

[0117] Table 1 Field control effects of different treatments on peach gummosis

[0118] deal with Disease rate (%) Disease index Control effect (%) Example 3 (15mmol / L salicylic acid + (8:1) mixed solution) 10.71 4.76±3.89 88.65±8.41Aa Example 4 (15mmol / L salicylic acid + (4:1) mixed solution) 28.57 11.90±2.75 71.91±10.31Bb Comparative Example 1 (20mmol / L oxalic acid + (8:1) mixed solution) 35.71 15.48±5.99 64.65±13.52BbC Comparative Example 2 (20mmol / L oxalic acid + (4:1) mixed solution) 32.14 15.48±4.56 62.84±16.15BbC Comparative Example 3 (Clean water + (8:1) mixed liquid) 57.14 11.90±4.56 47.68±11.94CcD Comparative Example 4 (Clean water + (4:1) mixed liquid) 67.86 26.19±2.75 39.11±11.31cD Comparative Example 5 (Full-course (8:1) mixed solution) 28.57 11.90±2.75 72.48±6.54Bb Comparative Example 6 (Full-course (4:1) mixed solution) 32.14 15.48±2.38 63.86±8.76BbC Blank control (CK) 71.43 44.05±8.13 —

[0119] As shown in Table 1, compared with the blank control group, Examples 3 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 can improve the control effect of peach gummosis to varying degrees. Comparative Examples 5 and 6 only use chemical fungicides to control peach gummosis, and the control effect is good, reaching more than 63%, but the repeated application of chemical fungicides is likely to increase the risk of drug resistance of the pathogenic bacteria of peach gummosis, and cause environmental pollution. In Comparative Examples 3 and 4, chemical fungicides are compounded with clean water. Although the number of applications of chemical fungicides can be reduced, the effects are poor in terms of diseased plant rate, disease index and control effect. Comparing Examples 3 and 4 with Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the combined application of salicylic acid and chemical fungicides can improve the control effect of peach gummosis more than the combined application of oxalic acid and chemical fungicides. The control effect reaches more than 71%, which is better than the application of chemical fungicides alone. This shows that salicylic acid, hexaconazole and prochloraz are combined to prevent and control peach gummosis, which has a synergistic effect.

[0120] In summary, the present invention uses salicylic acid in combination with chemical fungicides to reduce the number of times chemical agents are used and improve the control effect of peach gummosis. Salicylic acid is widely present in plants and belongs to phenolic compounds. It is a new plant endogenous hormone. Exogenous salicylic acid is cheap, safe and cheap for plants. When used in combination with chemical agents, it can not only reduce the generation of pathogenic bacteria's resistance to the agents, but also reduce environmental pollution.

[0121] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pharmaceutical composition for preventing and controlling peach gummosis, characterized in that: The invention comprises separately packaged salicylic acid and a chemical fungicide; the chemical fungicide comprises hexaconazole and prochloraz; and the mass ratio of the hexaconazole to prochloraz is (4-8):

1.

2. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass ratio of hexaconazole to prochloraz is (6-8):

1.

3. Use of the pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1 or 2 in preventing and controlling peach gummosis.

4. A method for preventing and controlling peach gummosis, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Before the peach trees sprout, a chemical fungicide is applied; the mass ratio of hexaconazole to prochloraz is (4-8):1; Apply salicylic acid after peach trees bloom; During the growth period of peach trees, the pesticides are applied in a cycle every 14 to 16 days until harvest in the following manner: the chemical fungicide is applied one day after applying salicylic acid, and salicylic acid is applied again 14 to 16 days later; The chemical fungicide is applied once after the peach fruits are harvested.

5. The method for preventing and controlling peach gummosis according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the chemical fungicide, the hexaconazole is a 5000-fold dilution of a 30% hexaconazole suspension; The prochloraz is a 2000-fold dilution of 45% prochloraz emulsion in water.

6. The method for preventing and controlling peach gummosis according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each time the chemical fungicide is used, the application amount is based on the amount of the chemical fungicide needed to wet the trunk and branches of the entire peach tree.

7. The method for preventing and controlling peach gummosis according to claim 4, characterized in that: The working concentration of the salicylic acid is 13-18 mmol / L.

8. The method for preventing and controlling peach gummosis according to claim 4, characterized in that: The application amount of the salicylic acid is based on spraying the trunk and branches of the entire peach tree.

9. The method for preventing and controlling peach gummosis according to claim 4, characterized in that: The applying comprises spraying; During the spraying, the spray is applied on the main trunk and branches.

10. The method for preventing and controlling peach gummosis according to any one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that: The interval between the cyclic administrations was 15 days.