Lactating sow feed and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a lactating sow feed and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of feeds. The lactating sow feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70-80 parts of corn; 20-27 parts of soybean meal; 25 to 33 parts of puffed soybean powder; 1-4 parts of fish meal; 3-6 parts of a premix; 1.5 to 2.2 parts of loaded butyrin; the loaded tributyrin takes pine needle meal as a carrier, and the tributyrin is loaded on the pine needle meal through chitosan and a cross-linking agent. The lactating sow feed has the effects of promoting lactation of lactating sows and improving the health condition of the lactating sows.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of feed, and in particular to a lactating sow feed and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Lactating sows generally refer to sows that are in the lactation period after giving birth. Lactating sows bear the heavy responsibility of feeding piglets, which directly affects the health of piglets. Therefore, scientifically raising lactating sows is one of the important measures to improve the lactation capacity of sows and increase the litter weight of piglets at weaning.

[0003] In response to feeding issues, additives that are beneficial to the sow's absorption will be added to the feed ingredients of lactating sows, such as vitamin additives, trace element additives and high-protein additives. In addition to the above additives, the addition of butyric acid is also gradually receiving attention. Butyric acid can promote the development of mesenteric lymph nodes and improve the intestinal epithelial barrier function, thereby reducing intestinal inflammatory responses, promoting nutrient absorption, and promoting lactation.

[0004] However, after adding butyric acid to the feed of lactating sows, it was found that most of the butyric acid was absorbed in the stomach, which affected the beneficial effects of butyric acid on the intestines and was not conducive to improving the health of lactating sows. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to improve the health of lactating sows, the present application provides a lactating sow feed and a preparation method thereof.

[0006] In the first aspect, the lactating sow feed provided in the present application adopts the following technical solution: A lactating sow feed comprising the following components in parts by weight: 70-80 portions of corn; 20-27 parts of soybean meal; 25-33 parts of expanded soybean flour; 1 to 4 parts of fish meal; 3 to 6 parts of premix; Loading butyric acid glyceride 1.5-2.2 parts; The butyric acid glyceride loading method uses pine needle powder as a carrier, and the butyric acid glyceride is loaded on the pine needle powder through chitosan and a cross-linking agent.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, butyric acid glyceride is used instead of butyric acid as a feed additive. Butyric acid glyceride has good stability when passing through the stomach, and is decomposed into butyric acid under the action of lipase after passing through the intestine, thereby promoting the absorption and utilization of butyric acid by the intestine. Although butyric acid glyceride can be decomposed in the front, middle and back sections of the intestine, it is absorbed more in the middle section, and after butyric acid is absorbed by the intestine, it promotes the intestinal health of the sow, and increases the decomposition and absorption of butyric acid glyceride in the front and middle sections of the intestine, resulting in insufficient absorption of butyric acid in the back section of the intestine, affecting the long-term health and production performance of lactating sows.

[0008] Therefore, a cross-linking network is formed through the polymerization and cross-linking of chitosan and cross-linking agent, and butyric acid glyceride is wrapped, so that the slow release of butyric acid glyceride in the intestine is achieved, which reduces the decomposition and absorption of butyric acid glyceride in the front and middle sections of the intestine to a certain extent, and increases the absorption of butyric acid glyceride in the back section of the intestine. Pine needle powder is rich in amino acids and carotene, which is not only beneficial to the nutrient absorption of lactating sows, but also improves the wrapping of butyric acid glyceride by chitosan and cross-linking agent, so that the loaded butyric acid glyceride can reach the back section of the intestine smoothly, thereby improving the utilization of butyric acid glyceride and improving the long-term health of lactating sows.

[0009] Optionally, the cross-linking agent includes sodium tripolyphosphate.

[0010] By adopting the above technical scheme, sodium tripolyphosphate can react with chitosan to form a cross-linked network, and the reaction rate is fast, the reaction conditions are mild and it is suitable for wrapping butyric acid glyceride on the surface of pine needle powder, so as to achieve the slow release of butyric acid glyceride in the intestine, promote more butyric acid glyceride to reach the posterior part of the intestine, exert antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, reduce congestion in the posterior part of the intestine, and promote the absorption of nutrients.

[0011] Optionally, in the raw materials for preparing the loaded butyric acid glyceride, the mass ratio of butyric acid glyceride, chitosan, cross-linking agent and pine needle powder is 1:(2-2.5):(1.5-2):(6-8).

[0012] Optionally, the deacetylation degree of the chitosan is 87-91%.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the deacetylation degree of chitosan is controlled within the above range, which helps to control the degree of cross-linking and control the slow release of butyric acid glyceride in the intestine.

[0014] Optionally, the pine needle powder is made from pine needles by drying and crushing, and the size of the pine needle powder is 300-350 meshes.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, pine needle powder is rich in protein, fat, vitamins and trace elements, which can promote the growth of lactating sows, enhance disease resistance and improve reproductive function.

[0016] Optionally, the premix includes amino acids, stone powder, calcium hydrogen phosphate and salt.

[0017] In the second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a lactating sow feed using the following technical solution: A method for preparing a lactating sow feed comprises the following steps: Corn, soybean meal, puffed soybean meal, fish meal, premix and loaded butyric acid glyceride are mixed and stirred, steam-conditioned at a pressure of 0.1-0.2 MPa, granulated at 75-85° C. after conditioning, and cooled to obtain lactating sow feed.

[0018] Optionally, the preparation method of the loaded butyric acid glyceride comprises the following steps: dissolving chitosan in acetic acid solution to obtain a chitosan solution; dissolving butyric acid glyceride in an ethanol solution to obtain a butyric acid glyceride solution; The pine needle powder is dispersed in the chitosan solution, and the butyric acid glyceride solution and the emulsifier are added. After stirring evenly, the cross-linking agent is gradually added, the temperature is raised to 40-50° C. and stirring is continued. After filtering, washing and drying, the loaded butyric acid glyceride is obtained.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, chitosan, butyric acid glyceride and pine needle powder are dissolved or dispersed respectively, and then a cross-linking agent is added for cross-linking, which helps to obtain uniformly wrapped loaded butyric acid glyceride.

[0020] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present application uses butyric acid glyceride instead of butyric acid as a feed additive. Butyric acid glyceride has good stability when passing through the stomach, and is decomposed into butyric acid under the action of lipase after passing through the intestine, thereby promoting the absorption and utilization of butyric acid by the intestine; and through the polymerization and cross-linking of chitosan and a cross-linking agent, a cross-linking network is formed to encapsulate butyric acid glyceride, and the slow release of butyric acid glyceride is achieved in the intestine, which reduces the decomposition and absorption of butyric acid glyceride in the front and middle sections of the intestine to a certain extent, and increases the absorption of butyric acid glyceride in the back section of the intestine. Pine needle powder is rich in amino acids and carotene, which is not only beneficial to the nutrient absorption of lactating sows, but also improves the encapsulation of butyric acid glyceride by chitosan and a cross-linking agent, so that the loaded butyric acid glyceride can smoothly reach the back section of the intestine, improve the utilization of butyric acid glyceride, and improve the health of lactating sows.

[0021] 2. The cross-linking agent sodium tripolyphosphate can react with chitosan to form a cross-linked network, and the reaction rate is fast. The reaction conditions are mild and suitable for wrapping butyric acid glyceride on the surface of pine needle powder, so as to achieve the slow release of butyric acid glyceride in the intestine, promote more butyric acid glyceride to reach the posterior part of the intestine, play an antibacterial and anti-inflammatory role, reduce the congestion in the posterior part of the intestine, and promote the absorption of nutrients. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present application is described in further detail below.

[0023] The pine needle powder is obtained by drying pine needles at 80°C for 10 hours and then crushing them. The pine needle powder is selected to be a size that can pass through a 300-350 mesh sieve.

[0024] Preparation Example 1 The preparation method of loaded butyric acid glyceride comprises the following steps: 40 g of chitosan was dissolved in 10 L of acetic acid solution, the deacetylation degree of chitosan was 87%, and the acetic acid content in the acetic acid solution was 1 wt %, to obtain a chitosan solution.

[0025] 20 g of butyric acid glyceride was dissolved in 200 mL of ethanol solution, wherein the ethanol content in the ethanol solution was 95 wt %, to obtain a butyric acid glyceride solution.

[0026] 30 g of sodium tripolyphosphate was dissolved in 250 mL of water to obtain a crosslinking agent solution.

[0027] Disperse 120g of pine needle powder in chitosan solution, add butyric acid glyceride solution and 50g of emulsifier, the emulsifier is Span 80, stir evenly and then drop the crosslinker solution, heat to 40°C and continue stirring for 1h. After stirring, filter, wash and dry to obtain loaded butyric acid glyceride.

[0028] Preparation Example 2 The preparation method of loaded butyric acid glyceride comprises the following steps: 50 g of chitosan was dissolved in 10 L of acetic acid solution, the deacetylation degree of chitosan was 91%, and the acetic acid content in the acetic acid solution was 1 wt %, to obtain a chitosan solution.

[0029] 20 g of butyric acid glyceride was dissolved in 200 mL of ethanol solution, wherein the ethanol content in the ethanol solution was 95 wt %, to obtain a butyric acid glyceride solution.

[0030] 40 g of sodium tripolyphosphate was dissolved in 250 mL of water to obtain a crosslinking agent solution.

[0031] Disperse 160g of pine needle powder in chitosan solution, add butyric acid glyceride solution and 50g of emulsifier, the emulsifier is Span 80, stir evenly and add crosslinker solution dropwise, heat to 50°C and continue stirring for 1h, filter after stirring, wash and dry to obtain loaded butyric acid glyceride.

[0032] Comparative Preparation Example 1 The preparation method of loaded butyric acid glyceride comprises the following steps: 40 g of chitosan was dissolved in 10 L of acetic acid solution, the deacetylation degree of chitosan was 87%, and the acetic acid content in the acetic acid solution was 1 wt %, to obtain a chitosan solution.

[0033] 20 g of butyric acid glyceride was dissolved in 200 mL of ethanol solution, wherein the ethanol content in the ethanol solution was 95 wt %, to obtain a butyric acid glyceride solution.

[0034] 30 g of sodium tripolyphosphate was dissolved in 250 mL of water to obtain a crosslinking agent solution.

[0035] Add butyric acid glyceride solution and 50g emulsifier (Span 80) to the chitosan solution, stir evenly and then drop the crosslinker solution, heat to 40°C and continue stirring for 1h. After stirring, filter, wash and dry to obtain loaded butyric acid glyceride.

[0036] Example 1 A method for preparing a lactating sow feed comprises the following steps: 7kg of corn, 2kg of soybean meal, 2.5kg of puffed soybean powder, 0.1kg of fish meal, 0.3kg of premix and 0.15kg of loaded butyric acid glyceride were mixed and stirred, the premix consisted of 2g of DL-methionine, 5g of L-threonine, 3g of L-valine, 0.08kg of stone powder, 0.14kg of calcium hydrogen phosphate and 0.07kg of salt, and the loaded butyric acid glyceride was prepared by Preparation Example 1. After the raw materials were mixed, they were added to a conditioner for steam conditioning with a modulation pressure of 0.1Mpa. After conditioning, they were granulated at 75°C and cooled to obtain lactating sow feed.

[0037] Example 2 A method for preparing a lactating sow feed comprises the following steps: 8kg of corn, 2.7kg of soybean meal, 3.3kg of puffed soybean powder, 0.4kg of fish meal, 0.6kg of premix and 0.22kg of loaded butyric acid glyceride were mixed and stirred, the premix consisted of 4g of DL-methionine, 10g of L-threonine, 6g of L-valine, 0.16kg of stone powder, 0.28kg of calcium hydrogen phosphate and 0.14kg of salt, and the loaded butyric acid glyceride was prepared by Preparation Example 2. After the raw materials were mixed, they were added to a conditioner for steam conditioning with a modulation pressure of 0.2Mpa. After conditioning, they were granulated at 85°C and cooled to obtain lactating sow feed.

[0038] Example 3 A method for preparing a lactating sow feed comprises the following steps: 7.5 kg of corn, 2.4 kg of soybean meal, 2.7 kg of puffed soybean powder, 0.2 kg of fish meal, 0.4 kg of premix and 0.18 kg of loaded butyric acid glyceride were mixed and stirred, the premix consisted of 2 g of DL-methionine, 5 g of L-threonine, 3 g of L-valine, 0.1 kg of stone powder, 0.18 kg of calcium hydrogen phosphate and 0.11 kg of salt, and the loaded butyric acid glyceride was prepared by Preparation Example 1. After the raw materials were mixed, they were added to a conditioner for steam conditioning with a modulation pressure of 0.1 MPa. After conditioning, they were granulated at 75° C. and cooled to obtain lactating sow feed.

[0039] Comparative Example 1 A method for preparing a lactating sow feed. The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that an equal amount of sodium butyrate is used to replace loaded butyric acid glyceride, that is, loaded butyric acid glyceride is not added, and 0.18 kg of sodium butyrate is added instead.

[0040] Comparative Example 2 A method for preparing a lactating sow feed. The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that an equal amount of butyric acid glyceride is used to replace the loaded butyric acid glyceride, that is, the loaded butyric acid glyceride is not added, but 0.18 kg of butyric acid glyceride is added instead.

[0041] Comparative Example 3 A method for preparing a lactating sow feed. The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that an equal amount of a mixture of butyric acid glyceride and pine needle powder is used to replace the loaded butyric acid glyceride, that is, no loaded butyric acid glyceride is added, and instead 0.18 kg of the mixture of butyric acid glyceride and pine needle powder is added, and the mixture of butyric acid glyceride and pine needle powder is prepared by mixing 0.025 kg of butyric acid glyceride and 0.155 kg of pine needle powder.

[0042] Comparative Example 4 A method for preparing a lactating sow feed. The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that the loaded butyric acid glyceride is prepared by Comparative Preparation Example 1.

[0043] Feeding effect evaluation 35 healthy, disease-free, first-parity sows with similar body conditions were selected and randomly and evenly divided into 7 groups. Each group was fed with the lactating sow feed prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4, respectively. The feeding time started from the 107th day of gestation of the sows until the end of weaning of the sows, during which the sows were free to eat and drink water.

[0044] On the day of farrowing, 7 days after farrowing and 21 days after farrowing, blood samples were collected from sows, the blood samples were centrifuged and serum was collected to detect the concentration of IGF-Ⅰ (insulin-like growth factor 1) in the serum. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0045] The piglets were weighed on the day of birth, the 7th day after birth, and the 21st day after birth, and the average daily weight gain from the day of birth to the 7th day and from the 8th day to the 21st day was calculated. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0046] Table 1 Table 2 The concentration of IGF-Ⅰ is related to the production performance of sows and the activity of the transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor. An increase in the concentration of IGF-Ⅰ can accelerate the body's protein anabolism, increase the sow's milk secretion and milk fat composition, and thus improve the reproductive performance of lactating sows.

[0047] The average daily weight gain of piglets is also related to the production performance of sows. Good milk production and milk quality can increase the average daily weight gain of piglets.

[0048] Combining the feeding effects in Tables 1 and 2, and taking Comparative Example 1 in which sodium butyrate is directly added to the feed as a comparison, it can be seen that adding butyric acid glyceride to the feed can effectively increase the concentration of IGF-Ⅰ in sows and increase the average daily weight gain of piglets. The reason for this is that the intestines of sows can better decompose and absorb butyric acid glyceride.

[0049] Taking Comparative Example 2 in which butyric acid glyceride was directly added to the feed as a comparison, it is speculated that since the sow's intestine can normally decompose and absorb butyric acid glyceride in the early stage, the efficiency of decomposition and absorption of butyric acid glyceride in the posterior part of the sow's intestine slows down in the later stage, the concentration of IGF-Ⅰ on the 21st day of delivery is low and the average daily weight gain of piglets from the 8th to the 21st day after birth is small.

[0050] By comparing Comparative Examples 3 and 4, it can be seen that adding butyric acid glyceride to the feed can effectively increase the concentration of IGF-Ⅰ in the sow's body and increase the average daily weight gain of piglets. It can be seen that using pine needle powder as a carrier and combining the encapsulation of chitosan and cross-linking agent can enable the sow's intestine to fully decompose and absorb butyric acid glyceride.

[0051] This specific implementation manner is merely an explanation of the present application and is not a limitation of the present application. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make non-creative modifications to the specific implementation manner as needed, but such modifications are protected by the patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A lactating sow feed, characterized in that: The composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70-80 portions of corn; 20-27 parts of soybean meal; 25-33 parts of expanded soybean powder; 1~4 parts of fish meal; 3~6 parts of premix; Loading butyric acid glyceride 1.5~2.2 parts; The butyric acid glyceride loading method uses pine needle powder as a carrier, and the butyric acid glyceride is loaded on the pine needle powder through chitosan and a cross-linking agent.

2. A lactating sow feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-linking agent includes sodium tripolyphosphate.

3. A lactating sow feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the preparation raw materials of the loaded butyric acid glyceride, the mass ratio of butyric acid glyceride, chitosan, cross-linking agent and pine needle powder is 1:(2-2.5):(1.5-2):(6-8).

4. A lactating sow feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deacetylation degree of the chitosan is 87-91%.

5. A lactating sow feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pine needle powder is obtained by drying and crushing pine needles, and the size of the pine needle powder is 300-350 meshes.

6. A lactating sow feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The premix comprises amino acid, stone powder, calcium hydrogen phosphate and salt.

7. A method for preparing a lactating sow feed according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Corn, soybean meal, puffed soybean meal, fish meal, premix and loaded butyric acid glyceride are mixed and stirred, steam-conditioned at a pressure of 0.1-0.2 MPa, granulated at 75-85° C. after conditioning, and cooled to obtain lactating sow feed.

8. The method for preparing a lactating sow feed according to claim 7, characterized in that: The preparation method of the loaded butyric acid glyceride comprises the following steps: dissolving chitosan in acetic acid solution to obtain a chitosan solution; dissolving butyric acid glyceride in an ethanol solution to obtain a butyric acid glyceride solution; The pine needle powder is dispersed in the chitosan solution, and the butyric acid glyceride solution and the emulsifier are added. After stirring evenly, the cross-linking agent is gradually added, and the temperature is raised to 40-50° C. and stirring is continued. After filtering, washing and drying, the loaded butyric acid glyceride is obtained.

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