Interference bolt quick dismounting device and method for aviation laminated material

Abstract

The invention provides an interference bolt quick dismantling device and method for aviation laminated materials. The device aims at solving the problem that a bolt is difficult to detach due to interference between a connecting hole and the bolt. Based on the cold contraction effect, after a blind hole is formed in the bolt piece, cooling liquid is injected into the blind hole of the bolt piece through an injection device. Along with temperature reduction, the bolt piece continuously shrinks, so that interference fit between the connecting hole and the bolt piece at the normal temperature is converted into clearance fit, the bolt piece is further moved out in the axial direction of the blind hole in a bottom riveter ejection or top clamp pull-out mode, and rapid disassembly of the interference bolt piece is achieved. According to the technology, a traditional destructive dismantling mode is replaced, the assembly efficiency is improved, and the replacement cost of the laminated hole making component is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of aircraft assembly technology, but is not limited thereto, and in particular to a device and method for quickly removing interference bolts of aviation laminated materials, which can be used for quickly removing interference bolts of laminated materials in aircraft structures. Background Art

[0002] During aircraft assembly, it is often necessary to remove and replace standard laminated bolt parts for modification and troubleshooting. Due to the deformation of the bolts or laminates caused by assembly stress, there is a high amount of interference between the threads and the bolts, making it difficult to directly twist and remove the bolts. In this regard, the traditional method of directly driving out bolts with a rivet gun can easily cause the bolts to be thickened and expanded, further increasing the amount of interference and making the bolts more difficult to remove. In addition, during the process of driving out the rivet gun, the operation of the rivet gun is also heavily dependent on the technical level of the operator. Violent disassembly can easily damage the laminated matrix, causing greater losses. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is: the embodiment of the present invention provides a device and method for quickly removing interference bolts for aviation laminated materials, so as to solve the problems that the traditional rivet gun driving method is difficult to operate, inefficient, heavily dependent on the skill level of the operator, and easy to damage the laminated substrate.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a device for quickly removing interference bolts of aviation laminated materials, comprising: a coolant injection device and a rivet gun;

[0006] The cooling liquid injection device comprises: a cooling liquid storage tank 1, a liquid spray gun 2, and a cooling liquid injection head 3; the cooling liquid storage tank 1 is connected to the liquid spray gun 2, and the liquid spray gun 2 is connected to the cooling liquid injection head 3;

[0007] The coolant storage tank 1 is used to store liquid carbon dioxide or liquid nitrogen coolant, and includes a storage tank body 11, a dip tube 12, a sealing strip 13, and a connecting joint 14;

[0008] The dip tube 12 is disposed in the storage tank 11 and has a liquid outlet, the connection joint 14 is disposed at the outlet of the storage tank 11, and a sealing strip 13 is disposed between the connection joint 14 and the dip tube 12; when the gas path of the coolant injection device is opened, the coolant in the storage tank can flow into the liquid spray gun 2 through the dip tube 12 under the action of compressed gas;

[0009] The liquid spray gun 2 is used to guide the coolant from the storage tank 1 to the injection head 3 and protect the operator's hands from frostbite, and includes a wrench 21, an antifreeze grip 22, a liquid storage tank connection joint 23, a liquid guide tube 24, and a variable injection head clamping block 25;

[0010] One end of the liquid storage tank connection joint 23 is connected to the connection joint 14, and the other end of the liquid storage tank connection joint 23 is connected to one end of the liquid inlet conduit 24, and the other end of the liquid inlet conduit 24 is connected to the connected variable injection head clamping block 25; the variable injection head clamping block 25 is connected to one end of the injection head 3;

[0011] The coolant injection head 3 is used to smoothly guide the coolant into the blind hole made by the bolt and prevent the coolant from splashing, and includes a diffusion sleeve 31, a coolant seepage hole 32, and an injection head transition pipe 33. The injection head transition pipe 32 is connected to one end of the variable injection head clamping block 25;

[0012] A plurality of groups of coolant seepage holes 32 are arranged in the annular direction of the diffusion sleeve 31 . The diffusion sleeve 31 is arranged at the end of the injection head transition pipe 33 , and the bottom of the injection head transition pipe 33 is aligned with the coolant seepage holes 32 at the bottom layer.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a method for quickly removing interference bolts for aviation laminated materials, using the coolant injection device to quickly remove interference bolts, the method comprising:

[0014] Step 1: clean the sealant on the interference bolt to be removed, and remove the nut and gasket on the interference bolt to be removed;

[0015] Step 2: Making a blind hole at the center of the interference bolt to be removed;

[0016] Step 3: Use the coolant injection device to inject the coolant into the blind hole prepared in step 2. The specific method is as follows:

[0017] S1, check whether there is metal shavings in the blind hole made in the bolt, if there are metal shavings, remove them from the blind hole

[0018] S2, wear antifreeze gloves;

[0019] S3, check the storage tank of the coolant injection device: check whether there is coolant in the storage tank and whether there is any damage to the connection part of the storage tank;

[0020] S4, press the wrench to check whether coolant flows out;

[0021] S5, inserting the coolant injection head into the bottom of the blind hole made by the bolt member;

[0022] S6, press the wrench until the coolant is about to fill the blind hole, then release the wrench;

[0023] S7, remove the coolant injection head and complete the coolant injection;

[0024] Step 4: Let it stand for 20 to 30 seconds, and the coolant will evaporate automatically to cool down the interference bolts and shrink;

[0025] Step 5, injecting the coolant into the blind hole prepared in step 2 according to step 3;

[0026] Step 6: Repeat steps 3 to 5 5 to 10 times;

[0027] Step 7. Remove the coolant injection head and confirm that there is no residual coolant in the bolt blind hole. Use a rivet gun to drive out the bolt from the bottom of the bolt along the bolt axis, or use a clamp to pull out the bolt from the top of the bolt along the bolt axis to complete the removal of the interference bolt.

[0028] Furthermore,

[0029] The coolant injection head 3 ensures that the coolant starts from the bottom seepage hole first and then seeps upward smoothly, so as to smoothly discharge the air in the blind hole, so that the coolant fills the blind hole and avoids boiling and splashing of the coolant.

[0030] Furthermore,

[0031] The variable injection head clamping block 25 can be bent within a range of 0-180° on the basis of being able to clamp and connect the coolant injection head 3, so as to adapt to the removal of bolts in different directions such as horizontal and vertical directions; the variable injection head clamping block has a drainage function, which can drain the coolant overflowing from the blind hole to the ground, preventing the coolant from flowing back to the liquid spray gun along the outer wall of the drainage duct and freezing human skin.

[0032] Furthermore,

[0033] The main structures of the coolant storage tank 1, the liquid spray gun 2, and the coolant injection head 3 are made of low-temperature aluminum alloy materials, which can maintain strength and toughness at minus 183°C and avoid the generation of metal fragments due to cold brittleness under the action of the coolant.

[0034] Furthermore,

[0035] The coolant injection head 3 can be quickly clamped and disassembled with the injection head clamping block 25, and has a variety of diameter models, which can be adaptively selected according to the diameter of the blind hole to be made.

[0036] Furthermore,

[0037] In step 2, when making the blind hole, a vertical drill sleeve can be selected as needed to make the axis of the blind hole parallel to the axis of the bolt, thereby preventing the blind hole from being skewed and causing the laminated material to be drilled and also preventing the drill bit from breaking.

[0038] Furthermore,

[0039] In the step 2, when making the blind hole, the hole depth of the blind hole is not less than the total thickness of the laminate, and the hole diameter can be selected between 0.5 and 0.7 times the bolt diameter.

[0040] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The embodiments of the present invention provide a device and method for quickly disassembling interference bolts for aviation laminated materials. In view of the problem that traditional rivet guns are difficult to directly drive out high-interference bolts and are easy to damage the laminated base, a simple and non-destructive interference bolt disassembly device and method are provided. The disassembly device can safely and smoothly inject coolant into the blind hole made in the bolt. As the coolant continues to evaporate, the bolt shrinks due to the cold, and the interference between the bolt and the thread is continuously reduced. When the interference is reduced or a gap appears, the bolt can be quickly removed by ejecting it with a rivet gun or pulling it out with a clamp, and at the same time, the laminated base will not be damaged, thereby achieving rapid and non-destructive disassembly of the interference bolt. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the technical solution of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present application, they are used to explain the technical solution of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solution of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a method for quickly disassembling interference bolts for aviation laminated materials provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a device for quickly disassembling interference bolts for aviation laminated materials provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 A coolant injection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 A coolant storage tank of the coolant injection device in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5 A liquid spray gun of a coolant injection device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 6 A coolant injection head of the coolant injection device in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] 1-Coolant storage tank, 2-Liquid spray gun, 3-Coolant injection head

[0049] 11-storage tank, 12-dipping tube, 13-sealing strip, 14-connecting joint

[0050] 21-wrench, 22-antifreeze grip, 23-liquid tank connection joint, 24-liquid guide tube, 25-injection head clamping block

[0051] 31-diffusion sleeve, 32-coolant seepage hole, 33-injection head transition pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.

[0053] As described in the above background technology, the commonly used laminated bolt connection method in aircraft assembly often has problems such as large bolt and thread interference caused by bolt or laminate deformation, difficulty in bolt disassembly operation, and easy damage to the laminate during disassembly.

[0054] An embodiment of the present invention provides a device for quickly removing interference bolts for aviation laminated materials, such as Figure 2-6 As shown, it includes: a coolant injection device and a riveting gun;

[0055] The coolant injection device comprises: a coolant storage tank 1, a liquid spray gun 2, and a coolant injection head 3;

[0056] The coolant storage tank 1 is used to store liquid carbon dioxide or liquid nitrogen coolant, and includes a storage tank body 11, a dip tube 12, a sealing strip 13, and a connecting joint 14. When the gas path of the coolant injection device is opened, the coolant in the storage tank can flow into the liquid spray gun 2 through the dip tube 12 under the action of compressed gas;

[0057] The liquid spray gun 2 is used to guide the coolant from the storage tank 1 to the injection head 3 and protect the operator's hands from frostbite, and includes a wrench 21, an antifreeze grip 22, a liquid storage tank connection joint 23, a liquid guide tube 24, and an injection head clamping block 25;

[0058] The coolant injection head 3 is used to prevent the coolant from splashing and to smoothly guide the coolant into the blind hole formed by the bolt, and includes a coolant diffusion port 31 and an injection head transition pipe 32 .

[0059] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for quickly removing interference bolts of aviation laminated materials, such as Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0060] Step 1: clean the sealant on the interference bolt to be removed, and remove the nut and gasket on the interference bolt to be removed;

[0061] Step 2: Make a blind hole at the center of the interference bolt to be removed, the hole depth is not less than the thickness of the laminate at the location, and the hole diameter is between 0.5 and 0.7 times the bolt diameter;

[0062] Step 3, using the coolant injection device described in claim 1 to inject the coolant into the blind hole prepared in step 2, the specific method is:

[0063] S1, check whether there is metal shavings in the blind hole made in the bolt, if there are metal shavings, remove them from the blind hole

[0064] S2, wear antifreeze gloves;

[0065] S3, check the storage tank of the coolant injection device: check whether there is coolant in the storage tank and whether there is any damage to the connection part of the storage tank;

[0066] S4, press the wrench to check whether coolant flows out;

[0067] S5, inserting the coolant injection head into the bottom of the blind hole made by the bolt member;

[0068] S6, press the wrench until the coolant is about to fill the blind hole, then release the wrench;

[0069] S7, remove the coolant injection head and complete the coolant injection.

[0070] Step 4: Let it stand for 20 to 30 seconds, and the coolant will evaporate automatically to cool down the interference bolts and shrink;

[0071] Step 5, injecting the coolant into the blind hole prepared in step 2 according to step 3;

[0072] Step 6: Repeat steps 3 to 5 5 to 10 times;

[0073] Step 7. Remove the coolant injection head and confirm that there is no residual coolant in the bolt blind hole. Use a rivet gun to drive out the bolt from the bottom of the bolt along the bolt axis, or use a clamp to pull out the bolt from the top of the bolt along the bolt axis.

[0074] At this point, the rapid disassembly of the interference bolts of aviation laminated materials is completed.

[0075] The above only expresses the implementation mode of the present invention, and its description is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, the parts not detailed in the present invention are all conventional technologies.

Claims

1. A device for quickly removing interference bolts of aviation laminated materials, characterized in that: include: Coolant injection device and riveting gun; The cooling liquid injection device comprises: a cooling liquid storage tank (1), a liquid spray gun (2), and a cooling liquid injection head (3); the cooling liquid storage tank (1) is connected to the liquid spray gun (2), and the liquid spray gun (2) is connected to the cooling liquid injection head (3); The cooling liquid storage tank (1) is used to store liquid carbon dioxide or liquid nitrogen cooling liquid, and comprises a storage tank body (11), a dip tube (12), a sealing strip (13), and a connecting joint (14); The dip tube (12) is arranged in the storage tank body (11) and has a liquid outlet, the connection joint (14) is arranged at the outlet of the storage tank body (11), and a sealing strip (13) is arranged between the connection joint (14) and the dip tube (12); when the gas path of the coolant injection device is opened, the coolant in the storage tank can flow into the liquid spray gun (2) through the dip tube (12) under the action of compressed gas; The liquid spray gun (2) is used to guide the coolant from the storage tank (1) to the injection head (3) and protect the operator's hands from frostbite, and comprises a wrench (21), an antifreeze grip (22), a liquid storage tank connection joint (23), a liquid guide tube (24), and a variable injection head clamping block (25); One end of the liquid storage tank connection joint (23) is connected to the connection joint (14), the other end of the liquid storage tank connection joint (23) is connected to one end of the liquid inlet conduit (24), the other end of the liquid inlet conduit (24) is connected to the connected variable injection head clamping block (25); the variable injection head clamping block (25) is connected to one end of the injection head (3); The coolant injection head (3) is used to smoothly guide the coolant into the blind hole formed by the bolt and prevent the coolant from splashing, and comprises a diffusion sleeve (31), a coolant seepage hole (32), and an injection head transition pipe (33). The injection head transition pipe (32) is connected to one end of a variable injection head clamping block (25); A plurality of groups of coolant seepage holes (32) are arranged in the annular direction of the diffusion sleeve (31), the diffusion sleeve (31) is arranged at the end of the injection head transition pipe (33), and the bottom of the injection head transition pipe (33) is aligned with the coolant seepage holes (32) at the bottom layer.

2. A method for quickly removing interference bolts of aviation laminated materials, characterized in that: Using the quick disassembly device described in claim 1, the method comprises: Step 1: clean the sealant on the interference bolt to be removed, and remove the nut and gasket on the interference bolt to be removed; Step 2: Making a blind hole at the center of the interference bolt to be removed; Step 3: Use the coolant injection device to inject the coolant into the blind hole prepared in step 2. The specific method is as follows: S1, check whether there is metal shavings in the blind hole made in the bolt, if there are metal shavings, remove them from the blind hole S2, wear antifreeze gloves; S3, check the storage tank of the coolant injection device: check whether there is coolant in the storage tank and whether there is any damage to the connection part of the storage tank; S4, press the wrench to check whether coolant flows out; S5, inserting the coolant injection head into the bottom of the blind hole made by the bolt member; S6, press the wrench until the coolant is about to fill the blind hole, then release the wrench; S7, remove the coolant injection head and complete the coolant injection; Step 4: Let it stand for 20 to 30 seconds, and the coolant will evaporate automatically to cool down the interference bolts and shrink; Step 5, injecting the coolant into the blind hole prepared in step 2 according to step 3; Step 6: Repeat steps 3 to 5 5 to 10 times; Step 7. Remove the coolant injection head and confirm that there is no residual coolant in the bolt blind hole. Use a rivet gun to drive out the bolt from the bottom of the bolt along the bolt axis, or use a clamp to pull out the bolt from the top of the bolt along the bolt axis to complete the removal of the interference bolt.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that , The coolant injection head (3) ensures that the coolant starts to seep out from the bottom seepage hole first and then seeps out upwards smoothly, so as to discharge the air in the blind hole smoothly, so that the coolant fills the blind hole and avoids boiling and splashing of the coolant.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that , The variable injection head clamping block (25) can be bent within a range of 0-180 degrees on the basis of being able to clamp and connect the coolant injection head (3) to adapt to the removal of bolts in different directions such as horizontal and vertical directions; the variable injection head clamping block has a drainage function, which can drain the coolant overflowing from the blind hole to the ground, preventing the coolant from flowing back to the liquid spray gun along the outer wall of the drainage conduit and freezing human skin.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that , The main structures of the coolant storage tank (1), the liquid spray gun (2), and the coolant injection head (3) are made of low-temperature aluminum alloy material, which can maintain strength and toughness at minus 183° C., thereby avoiding the generation of metal fragments due to cold brittleness under the action of the coolant.

6. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that , The coolant injection head (3) can be quickly clamped and disassembled with the injection head clamping block (25), and has a variety of diameter models, which can be adaptively selected according to the diameter of the blind hole to be made.

7. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that , In step 2, when making the blind hole, a vertical drill sleeve can be selected as needed to make the axis of the blind hole parallel to the axis of the bolt, thereby preventing the blind hole from being skewed and causing the laminated material to be drilled and also preventing the drill bit from breaking.

8. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that , In the step 2, when making the blind hole, the hole depth of the blind hole is not less than the total thickness of the laminate, and the hole diameter can be selected between 0.5 and 0.7 times the bolt diameter.

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