Grade-based thermal management system, control method, and vehicle

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of thermal management, and particularly relates to a thermal management system based on grade recycling, a control method and a vehicle, comprising a phase-change refrigerant compressed heat pump unit and a non-phase-change pump driven cooling liquid unit; the heat pump unit comprises a four-way valve, a compressor, a main heat exchanger refrigerant passage, a throttle valve, an out-of-cabin heat exchanger refrigerant passage, the cooling liquid unit comprises a multi-way valve group, a first circulating pump, a second circulating pump, a main heat exchanger cooling liquid passage, a front heat exchanger, an out-of-cabin heat exchanger cooling liquid passage and an electric drive electric control device; according to the demand of cabin environment and safe operation of vehicle equipment for heat grade, the valve core communication mode of the four-way valve and the multi-way valve group is adjusted respectively, and the heat pump unit and the cooling liquid unit can form cold and hot circuits in multiple combination modes; the thermal management system based on grade recycling has high energy efficiency, simple structure and stable operation, the control mode is simple and convenient, and the vehicle cost can be reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of thermal management, and particularly relates to a thermal management system based on grade recycling, a control method and a vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] Whole vehicle thermal management is one of the core technologies of electric vehicle development, mainly including an air conditioning circuit (20-25 DEG C), a battery circuit (10-35 DEG C) and a motor circuit (0-60 DEG C), according to different functional requirements of each circuit unit, there is a condition that heat is transferred from high to low for recycling; when the existing thermal management system recycles heat, no matter how the cooling liquid temperature in the battery and motor circuit is, the cooling liquid circulating system needs to take heat through a heat pump, then the grade is improved to supply heat to the cabin, although the cooling liquid circulating system can realize the refrigeration and heating scheme in the passenger cabin in multiple modes, but it cannot directly recycle the high-grade heat in the battery and motor, and there is a common problem of complex system and low efficiency, and the existing thermal management technology needs to be innovated and improved. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the present application provides a thermal management system based on grade recycling, which realizes efficient utilization and direct recycling of multiple cold and heat sources at high and low grades, and improves the energy efficiency of the thermal management system.

[0004] The technical scheme of the present application comprises a main heat exchanger, a front heat exchanger and an out-cabin heat exchanger, the main heat exchanger and the out-cabin heat exchanger are both three-medium heat exchange structures of refrigerant-cooling liquid-air, the front heat exchanger is a two-medium heat exchange structure of cooling liquid-air, the front heat exchanger and the main heat exchanger are sequentially arranged in the air conditioning box air duct in the cabin along the wind direction, and the out-cabin heat exchanger is arranged in the out-cabin environment air;

[0005] The refrigerant channel of the main heat exchanger and the out-cabin heat exchanger is communicated with a four-way valve, a compressor and a throttling valve, and constitutes a phase-change refrigerant heat pump unit based on four-way valve switching;

[0006] The cooling liquid channel of the main heat exchanger and the out-cabin heat exchanger is communicated with a multi-way valve group, a first circulating pump, a second circulating pump, the front heat exchanger and an electric drive electric control device, and constitutes a pump-driven cooling liquid unit based on multi-way valve group switching;

[0007] The multi-way valve group has at least eight external interfaces, the electric drive electric control device and the first circulating pump are connected in series to form a first pipe section, and then are communicated with the 1 and 2 interfaces of the multi-way valve group, the cooling liquid channel of the out-cabin radiator is communicated with the 3 and 4 interfaces of the multi-way valve group, the front heat exchanger and the second circulating pump are connected in series to form a second pipe section, and then are communicated with the 5 and 6 interfaces of the multi-way valve group, the cooling liquid channel of the main heat exchanger is communicated with the 7 and 8 interfaces of the multi-way valve group, and the 1 and 8 interfaces of the multi-way valve group are communicated;

[0008] The valve core communication mode of the four-way valve and the multi-way valve group is adjusted respectively, and the heat pump unit and the cooling liquid unit can form a cold and heat circuit in multiple combination modes.

[0009] Further, the liquid-cooled battery is connected in series in the pipeline of the main heat exchanger cooling liquid channel and the 8th interface of the multi-way valve group.

[0010] Further, the third circulating pump is connected in series in the pipeline of the 8th interface of the multi-way valve group, one end of the third circulating pump is connected with the first end of the liquid-cooled battery and the 1st interface of the multi-way valve group, and the second end of the liquid-cooled battery is connected with the 9th interface.

[0011] Further, the expansion water tank connected with the 1st interface of the multi-way valve group is further included.

[0012] Further, the auxiliary heater connected in series between the electric drive electric control device and the 2nd interface of the multi-way valve group is further included.

[0013] The application provides a control method for operating the heat management system based on the grade recycling, which controls the temperature and humidity of the cabin environment, and includes four modes of heating, dehumidifying, heat dissipation and refrigeration.

[0014] The application also provides a second control method for operating the heat management system based on the grade recycling, which controls the temperature and humidity of the cabin environment and the constant temperature of the liquid-cooled battery, and includes six modes of heating, dehumidifying, heat dissipation, refrigeration, battery cold storage and battery heat storage.

[0015] The application also provides a third control method for operating the heat management system based on the grade recycling, which controls the temperature and humidity of the cabin environment and the constant temperature of the liquid-cooled battery, and includes eight modes of heating, dehumidifying, heat dissipation, refrigeration, battery cold storage, battery heat storage, active heat dissipation and active temperature equalization.

[0016] The application also provides a vehicle with the heat management system based on the grade recycling.

[0017] The vehicle includes various vehicles running on land, water and air, and driven by an electric motor, a pure electric motor, a hybrid motor and a hydrogen motor.

[0018] The above technical solutions of the application have the following technical effects:

[0019] On the one hand, the application adopts two three-medium heat exchangers in the cabin and outside the cabin, which are connected with a four-way valve, a compressor and a throttle valve to form a direct heat pump unit based on the four-way valve switching, and the structure is simple, the operation is stable, and the energy efficiency is high.

[0020] In another aspect, the cooling liquid unit is configured by a multi-way valve group, and only the spool position of the multi-way valve group is adjusted to configure multiple cooling and heating circuits meeting the requirements of the heat management system based on grade recovery utilization.

[0021] The control method of the present application adjusts the spool combination mode of the four-way valve and the multi-way valve group according to the cabin environment temperature and humidity requirements, so as to realize the high-efficiency cooling and heating mode of the direct heat pump, and realize the indirect and direct recovery utilization modes of the system waste heat and waste cold, and the control logic is simple and the operation is stable.

[0022] The vehicle with the heat management system based on grade recovery utilization of the present application has simple structure, stable operation and high energy efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is a structure schematic diagram of a vehicle heat management system based on grade recovery utilization of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 is a structure schematic diagram of a second vehicle heat management system based on grade recovery utilization of the present application;

[0025] Figure 3 is a structure schematic diagram of a third vehicle heat management system based on grade recovery utilization of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 is a first heating mode flow chart of a control method of the present application;

[0027] Figure 5 is a second heating mode flow chart of a control method of the present application;

[0028] Figure 6 is a third heating mode flow chart of a control method of the present application;

[0029] Figure 7 is a fourth heating mode flow chart of a control method of the present application;

[0030] Figure 8 is a fifth heating mode flow chart of a control method of the present application;

[0031] Figure 9 is a sixth heating mode flow chart of a control method of the present application;

[0032] Figure 10 is a seventh heating mode flow chart of a control method of the present application;

[0033] Figure 11 is a first cooling mode flow chart of a control method of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0034] Figure 12This is the second heat dissipation mode flow of a control method of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0035] Figure 13 This is a flowchart of the cooling mode of a control method according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 14 This is a flowchart of the battery cooling process for the second control method of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 15 This is a flowchart of the active heat dissipation process of the third control method of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 16 This is the active temperature equalization process of the third control method of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0039] Figure 17 This is the active temperature equalization process of the third control method of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0040] Figure 18 This is a flowchart of the battery heat storage process for the third control method of the present invention.

[0041] Figure label:

[0042] 10: Four-way valve; 11: Compressor; 12: Main heat exchanger; 13: Throttling valve; 20: Multi-way valve assembly; 201: First circulation pump; 202: Second circulation pump; 203: Third circulation pump; 21: Forward heat exchanger; 22: External heat exchanger; 23: Electric drive and control equipment; 24: Liquid-cooled battery; 25: Expansion tank. Detailed Implementation

[0043] Specific embodiment 1 of the thermal management system based on grade recovery and utilization of the present invention is shown in the appendix. Figure 1 As shown: It includes a main heat exchanger 12, a front heat exchanger 21, and an external heat exchanger 22. The main heat exchanger 12 and the external heat exchanger 22 are both refrigerant-coolant-air three-medium heat exchange structures, while the front heat exchanger 21 is a coolant-air two-medium heat exchange structure. The front heat exchanger 21 and the main heat exchanger 12 are arranged sequentially along the wind direction in the air duct of the cabin air conditioning unit, and the external heat exchanger 22 is placed in the external ambient air. The refrigerant passages of the main heat exchanger 12 and the external heat exchanger 22 are connected to the four-way valve 10, the compressor 11, and the throttle valve 13, forming a phase change refrigerant heat pump unit based on the switching of the four-way valve 10. The coolant passages of the main heat exchanger 12 and the external heat exchanger 22 are connected to the multi-way valve group 20, the first circulation pump 201, the second circulation pump 202, the front heat exchanger 21, and the electric drive and control equipment 23, forming a pump-driven coolant unit based on the switching of the multi-way valve group 20.

[0044] The multi-way valve group 20 has 8 external interfaces, the electric drive electric control device 23, the first circulating pump 201 are connected in series to form a first pipe section, and are communicated with the 1, 2 interfaces of the multi-way valve group 20, the cabin external radiator 22 cooling liquid channel is communicated with the 3, 4 interfaces of the multi-way valve group 20, the pre-heat exchanger 21, the second circulating pump 202 are connected in series to form a second pipe section, and are communicated with the 5, 6 interfaces of the multi-way valve group 20, the main heat exchanger 12 cooling liquid channel is communicated with the 7, 8 interfaces of the multi-way valve group 20, and the 1, 8 interfaces of the multi-way valve group 20 are communicated;

[0045] The valve core communication modes of the four-way valve 10 and the multi-way valve group 20 are adjusted respectively, and the heat pump unit and the cooling liquid unit can form cold and heat circuits in various combination modes.

[0046] The specific embodiment 2 of the heat management system based on grade recycling of the application is shown in the accompanying drawings as follows: Figure 2 On the basis of the structure of the foregoing specific embodiment 1, the embodiment 2 further comprises a liquid-cooled battery 24, and the liquid-cooled battery 24 is connected in series in the pipe line between the main heat exchanger 12 cooling liquid channel and the 8th interface of the multi-way valve group 20.

[0047] The specific embodiment 3 of the heat management system based on grade recycling of the application is shown in the accompanying drawings as follows: Figure 3 On the basis of the structure of the foregoing specific embodiment 2, the embodiment 3 further comprises a third circulating pump 203, and the 7th and 8th interfaces of the multi-way valve group 20 further have a 9th interface, the third circulating pump 203 is connected in series in the 8th interface pipe line of the multi-way valve group 20, one end of the third circulating pump 203 is communicated with the first end of the liquid-cooled battery 24 and the 1st interface of the multi-way valve group 20, and the second end of the liquid-cooled battery 24 is communicated with the 9th interface.

[0048] In the above embodiments, an expansion tank 25 communicated with the 1st interface of the multi-way valve group 20 can be arranged to cool the liquid circulating pipe line, and to balance and supplement liquid.

[0049] In the above embodiments, in order to cope with extremely cold weather environment and heat pump failure, an auxiliary heater, such as a water circulating diesel heater, a heat exchanger of an engine system, etc., can be arranged in series between the electric drive electric control device 23 and the 2nd interface of the multi-way valve group 20 as a backup heat source.

[0050] As shown in the accompanying drawings, Figures 4 to 13 The first control method of the application comprises four modes of heating, dehumidifying, heat dissipation and refrigeration, and is used for operation control of the foregoing heat management system based on grade recycling of the application.

[0051] When the cabin air temperature is lower than the comfortable temperature required by the passenger, the temperature of the cooling liquid of the electric drive electric control device 23 is detected, and if the cooling liquid of the electric drive electric control device 23 is lower than the thermal energy grade of the cabin external air, one of the heating or dehumidifying modes shown in the accompanying drawings is executed. Figures 4 to 10 When the cabin air temperature is lower than the comfortable temperature required by the passenger, the temperature of the cooling liquid of the electric drive electric control device 23 is detected, and if the cooling liquid of the electric drive electric control device 23 is lower than the thermal energy grade of the cabin external air, one of the heating or dehumidifying modes shown in the accompanying drawings is executed.

[0052] First heating mode: as shown in the accompanying Figure 4 The valve core position of the four-way valve 10 is adjusted to heat the heat pump, and the fan of the external heat exchanger 22 operates. The throttling valve 13 intercepts the low-pressure refrigerant after pressure reduction, evaporates from the cabin environment air through the refrigerant channel of the external heat exchanger 22, enters the compressor 11 through the four-way valve 10, is compressed into high-pressure refrigerant, and then enters the refrigerant channel of the main heat exchanger 12 through the four-way valve 10 to release heat. The fan of the cabin air conditioner operates to drive the cabin air to exchange heat with the refrigerant channel of the main heat exchanger 12 to provide heating for the cabin air.

[0053] This mode is a single air source heat pump mode, and the first circulating pump 201 and the second circulating pump 202 do not operate, and the valve core position of the multi-way valve group 20 is irrelevant, as shown in the accompanying Figures 4 to 10 The mode control is simple, fast, stable, and high in energy efficiency.

[0054] Second heating mode: during heating, the cooling liquid temperature of the electric drive electronic control equipment 23 is periodically detected. If the cooling liquid temperature of the electric drive electronic control equipment 23 is higher than the heat energy grade of the cabin air, the valve core of the multi-way valve group 20 is adjusted to the position shown in the accompanying Figure 5 The first circulating pump 201, the electric drive electronic control equipment 23, the second and third interfaces of the multi-way valve group 20, the cooling liquid channel of the external heat exchanger 22, the fourth and first interfaces of the multi-way valve group 20 form a series low-grade heat recovery circuit, and the heat pump unit recovers the waste heat of the electric drive electronic control equipment 23 to enhance the heating capacity. If the waste heat recovery heat is sufficient, the fan of the external heat exchanger 22 can be stopped to further save power consumption and improve system energy efficiency.

[0055] In this heating mode, to speed up the heating speed, the second circulating pump 202 can be started to operate to drive the cooling liquid of the main heat exchanger 12 to exchange heat with the refrigerant channel of the main heat exchanger 12 to increase the temperature, preheat the cabin air through the preheat exchanger 21, and increase the total heat supply of the air conditioner.

[0056] This mode is a waste heat source + air source heat pump double heating mode, which has strong environmental adaptability and fast heating speed.

[0057] Third heating mode: during heating, the cooling liquid temperature of the electric drive electronic control equipment 23 is periodically detected. If the cooling liquid temperature of the electric drive electronic control equipment 23 is higher than 35°, the valve core of the multi-way valve group 20 is adjusted to the position shown in the accompanying Figure 6 The first circulating pump 201, the electric drive electronic control equipment 23, the second and fifth interfaces of the multi-way valve group 20, the preheat exchanger 21, the second circulating pump 202, the sixth and first interfaces of the multi-way valve group 20 form a series high-grade heat recovery circuit,

[0058] The mode is double-source cascade heating of high-grade waste heat and air source heat pump, and the high-grade waste heat of the electric drive and electric control equipment 23 directly preheats the cabin air through the front pre-heat exchanger 21, and forms double-source cascade heating with the refrigerant channel of the main heat exchanger 12.

[0059] The mode has strong heating capacity and has the functions of drying the front pre-heat exchanger 21 and preventing mildew.

[0060] The fourth heating mode: during the heating process, the cooling liquid temperature of the electric drive and electric control equipment 23 is periodically detected, if the cooling liquid temperature of the electric drive and electric control equipment 23 is higher than 40 DEG C, the valve core of the multi-way valve group 20 is adjusted to the position shown in the attached Figure 7 , the first circulating pump 201, the electric drive and electric control equipment 23, the 2nd interface and the 7th interface of the multi-way valve group 20, and the cooling liquid channel of the main heat exchanger 12 form a high-grade heat recovery circuit in series.

[0061] The mode is double-source cascade heating of high-grade waste heat and air source heat pump, and the high-grade waste heat of the electric drive and electric control equipment 23 directly preheats the cabin air through the front pre-heat exchanger 21, and forms double-source cascade heating with the refrigerant channel of the main heat exchanger 12.

[0062] The mode has strong heating capacity, fast heating speed, and high reliability of double-source mutual backup.

[0063] The fifth heating mode: during the heating process, the cooling liquid temperature of the electric drive and electric control equipment 23 and the humidity of the cabin air are periodically detected, if the cooling liquid temperature of the electric drive and electric control equipment 23 is higher than 40 DEG C and the humidity of the cabin air is lower than the comfortable humidity required by the passengers, or the vehicle windshield is fogged and affects the driving safety, the valve core of the multi-way valve group 20 is adjusted to the position shown in the attached Figure 8 , on the one hand, the cooling liquid channel of the cabin external radiator 22, the 4th interface and the 5th interface of the multi-way valve group 20, the front pre-heat exchanger 21, the second circulating pump 202, the 6th interface and the 3rd interface of the multi-way valve group 20 form a waste cold recovery and dehumidification circuit in series; on the other hand, the first circulating pump 201, the electric drive and electric control equipment 23, the 2nd interface and the 7th interface of the multi-way valve group 20, and the cooling liquid channel of the main heat exchanger 12 form a high-grade heat recovery circuit in series.

[0064] The mode is waste cold dehumidification and double-source heat recovery, in the mode, the heat pump operates in the heat pump heating mode unchanged, the fan of the cabin external radiator 22 can operate or stop, the fan of the cabin air conditioner drives the cabin air, first passes through the front pre-heat exchanger 21 to be cooled and dehumidified, and then passes through the refrigerant channel and the cooling liquid channel of the main heat exchanger 12 to be double-source heat recovered.

[0065] The mode recovers the free cold of the external radiator 22, and is used for pre-cooling and dehumidifying the cabin, and then recovers the waste heat of the electric drive and electric control device 23 to heat or keep the temperature of the cabin air; the control is simple, stable, reliable, efficient and energy-saving.

[0066] Sixth heating mode: during the heating process, the cooling liquid temperature of the electric drive and electric control device 23 is periodically detected, and if the cooling liquid temperature of the electric drive and electric control device 23 is higher than 35°, the operation of the heat pump compressor and the fan of the external radiator 22 is stopped, the valve core of the multi-way valve group 20 is adjusted to the position as shown in the attached Figure 9 , the first circulating pump 201, the electric drive and electric control device 23, the 2nd interface and the 5th interface of the multi-way valve group 20, the pre-heat exchanger 21, the second circulating pump 202, the 6th interface and the 1st interface of the multi-way valve group 20 form a high-grade heat recovery circuit in series.

[0067] This mode is a single high-grade waste heat heating mode, and the high-grade waste heat of the electric drive and electric control device 23 is directly recovered to heat the cabin air through the pre-heat exchanger 21.

[0068] This mode has the functions of waste heat recovery, high system energy efficiency, drying pre-heat exchanger 21 and preventing mildew.

[0069] Seventh heating mode: during the heating process, the cooling liquid temperature of the electric drive and electric control device 23 is periodically detected, and if the cooling liquid temperature of the electric drive and electric control device 23 is higher than 40°, the operation of the heat pump compressor and the fan of the external radiator 22 is stopped, the valve core of the multi-way valve group 20 is adjusted to the position as shown in the attached Figure 10 , the first circulating pump 201, the electric drive and electric control device 23, the 2nd interface and the 7th interface of the multi-way valve group 20, and the cooling liquid channel of the main heat exchanger 12 form a high-grade heat recovery circuit in series.

[0070] This mode is a single high-grade waste heat heating mode, and the high-grade waste heat of the electric drive and electric control device 23 is directly recovered to heat the cabin air through the cooling liquid channel of the main heat exchanger 12.

[0071] This mode has the functions of waste heat recovery and high system energy efficiency.

[0072] When the cabin air temperature is at the comfortable temperature required by the occupants, the heat pump compressor is stopped, and the temperature of the cooling liquid of the electric drive and electric control device 23 is detected, and if the cooling liquid of the electric drive and electric control device 23 is higher than the safe operating temperature required by the device, one of the heat dissipation modes as shown in the attached Figure 11 , 12 is executed.

[0073] First heat dissipation mode: the valve core of the multi-way valve group 20 is adjusted to the position as shown in the attached Figure 11At the locations shown, the first circulating pump 201, the electric drive and control equipment 23, the second and third ports of the multi-way valve group 20, the coolant passage of the external radiator 22, the fourth and fifth ports of the multi-way valve group 20, the front heat exchanger 21, the sixth port of the multi-way valve group 20, and the first port form a series heat dissipation circuit.

[0074] This mode is a dual heat dissipation mode inside and outside the cabin. The fans of the external radiator 22 and the front heat exchanger 21 operate simultaneously or independently. The waste heat of the electric drive and control equipment 23 is released into the outside air or the inside air through the coolant passage of the external radiator 22 and the front heat exchanger 21, ensuring the safe operation of the vehicle equipment while ensuring the indoor air is at the most comfortable temperature.

[0075] This mode is simple to control and energy-efficient.

[0076] Second cooling mode: Adjust the valve core of the multi-way valve assembly 20 to the specified position. Figure 12 At the locations shown, the first circulating pump 201, the electric drive and control equipment 23, the second and third ports of the multi-way valve group 20, the coolant passage of the external radiator 22, the fourth port of the multi-way valve group 20, and the first port form a series heat dissipation circuit.

[0077] This mode is a single external heat dissipation mode. When the external radiator 22 is running, the second circulation pump 202 and the front heat exchanger 21 fan stop running. The waste heat of the electric drive and control equipment 23 is released into the outside air through the coolant passage of the external radiator 22 to ensure the safe operation of the vehicle equipment.

[0078] This mode is simple to control and energy-efficient.

[0079] When the cabin air temperature is higher than the comfort temperature required by the occupants, the valve core position of the four-way valve 10 is adjusted to heat pump cooling. At the same time, the fan of the external heat exchanger 22 is running, and the low-pressure refrigerant after being throttled and depressurized by the throttling valve 13 enters the refrigerant passage of the main heat exchanger 12. The fan of the cabin air conditioning unit drives the cabin air to exchange heat and cool down with the refrigerant passage of the main heat exchanger 12. The evaporated refrigerant enters the compressor 11 through the four-way valve 10, is compressed into high-pressure refrigerant, and enters the refrigerant passage of the external radiator 22 through the four-way valve 10 again, releasing heat to the external ambient air, and the cycle repeats.

[0080] This mode is a direct heat pump cooling mode. Neither the first circulation pump 201 nor the second circulation pump 202 operates, and this is independent of the valve core position of the multi-way valve assembly 20. (See attached...) Figures 4 to 10 All of the above are acceptable; this mode is simple to control, fast, stable in operation, and highly energy efficient.

[0081] When adjusting the valve core of the multi-way valve assembly 20 to the specified position... Figure 13The first circulating pump 201, the electric drive electric control device 23, the second interface and the third interface of the multi-way valve group 20, the refrigerant passage of the external heat sink 22, the fourth interface and the first interface of the multi-way valve group 20 form a heat dissipation loop of the electric drive electric control device 23 in series in the shown position; in this mode, the refrigerant passage and the cooling liquid passage of the external heat sink 22 are simultaneously exchanged with the external air;

[0082] The mode has simple control, high refrigeration energy efficiency, and the heat dissipation of the electric drive electric control device 23.

[0083] The second control method of the application includes six modes of heating, dehumidification, heat dissipation, refrigeration, battery cold storage and battery heat storage, and is used for operation control of the aforementioned heat management system example 2 based on grade recycling.

[0084] The four modes of heating, dehumidification, heat dissipation and refrigeration of the control method are basically the same as the four modes of heating, dehumidification, heat dissipation and refrigeration of the aforementioned control method, and general technical personnel can refer to the two attached Figures 4 to 13 and the drawings, combined with the aforementioned technical documents, understand the process and function, which will not be repeated here, and the difference is only that, in the process of adjusting the temperature and humidity of the cabin air, the liquid-cooled battery 24 connected in series with the cooling liquid passage of the main heat exchanger 12 is synchronously adjusted and controlled;

[0085] The battery cold storage mode of the control method is shown in the attached Figure 14 During the refrigeration process of the heat pump, when the temperature in the cabin reaches the preset comfortable temperature, the compressor 10 continues to operate at high efficiency, the rotation speed of the fan of the cabin air conditioner is reduced or stopped, the second circulating pump 202 is started to continue to cool the liquid-cooled battery 24, and the optimal temperature bottom limit (10°) of the liquid-cooled battery 24 is reached. The liquid-cooled battery 24 has a large heat capacity and can store more cold energy; the compressor is turned off, the second circulating pump 202 continues to operate, the fan of the cabin air conditioner is started in time, the liquid-cooled battery 24 releases cold energy to the air in the cabin, the comfort in the cabin is improved, the start-stop or speed regulation frequency of the compressor is reduced, and the refrigeration energy efficiency is improved.

[0086] The battery heat storage mode of the control method is shown in the attached Figure 2 and the attached Figure 5 , 78. 10. During the heat pump heating process, once the cabin temperature reaches the preset comfortable temperature, the compressor 10 continues to operate efficiently, reducing or shutting down the fan speed of the cabin air conditioning unit, and starting the second circulation pump 202 to continue heating the liquid-cooled battery 24 until the optimal upper limit of the liquid-cooled battery 24 (40°C) is reached. The liquid-cooled battery 24 has a large heat capacity and can store a lot of heat. The compressor is then turned off, while the second circulation pump 202 continues to operate. The fan of the cabin air conditioning unit is turned on as needed, and the liquid-cooled battery 24 releases heat into the cabin air, making the cabin comfortable, reducing the frequency of compressor start-stop or speed adjustment, and improving heating efficiency.

[0087] The third control method of the present invention includes eight modes: heating, dehumidification, heat dissipation, cooling, battery cold storage, battery heat storage, active heat dissipation, and active temperature equalization, which are used to control the operation of the aforementioned thermal management system based on grade recycling in Embodiment 3.

[0088] The six modes of this control method—heating, dehumidification, heat dissipation, cooling, battery cold storage, and battery heat storage—are basically the same as the six modes of the second control method mentioned above. Technical personnel can generally refer to the appendix for guidance. Figure 2 and attached Figures 4 to 14 Based on the aforementioned technical documents, we can understand its process and function, which will not be repeated here. The only difference is that, since the coolant system has added a third circulation pump 203, which is connected in series with the liquid-cooled battery 24, it can realize the active heat dissipation and active temperature equalization function of the liquid-cooled battery 24.

[0089] The active heat dissipation mode of this control method is shown in the attached diagram. Figure 15 As shown, when the temperature of the liquid-cooled battery 24 is detected to be high and cooling is required, it is only necessary to adjust the valve core of the multi-way valve assembly 20 to the position shown in the attached diagram. Figure 15 At the indicated location, start the third circulation pump 203 and the fan of the external heat exchanger 22 to operate, and release the waste heat of the liquid-cooled battery 24 directly into the outside air through the external heat exchanger 22.

[0090] The active temperature equalization mode of this control method is shown in the attached diagram. Figure 16 , 17 As shown, during the heat pump heating process, when poor temperature uniformity of the liquid-cooled battery 24 is detected, the valve core of the multi-way valve assembly 20 is adjusted to the position shown in the attached diagram. Figure 16 Or, at the position shown in Figure 17, start the third circulation pump 203 and the internal circulation of the coolant in the liquid-cooled battery 24 to achieve the battery temperature equalization function.

[0091] Because the multi-way valve assembly 20 has an additional 9th ​​interface, as shown in the attached... Figure 18 As shown, the liquid-cooled battery 24, the first circulating pump 201, and the electric drive and control equipment 23 form a series circuit through the 2nd and 9th ports of the multi-way valve group 20. This control method has the following characteristics:Figure 18 The battery storage mode directly supplied by the electrically driven electric control device 23 is shown.

[0092] The vehicle with the above-mentioned thermal management system based on grade recycling according to the application includes land, water, air travel, and pure electric, oil-electric hybrid, hydrogen power vehicles driven by electric machines, which are simple in structure, high in efficiency and stability, and low in cost.

Claims

1. A grade-based recycling heat management system, characterized by, The application relates to a heat exchanger system for a cabin air conditioner, which comprises a main heat exchanger (12), a pre-heat exchanger (21) and an out-cabin heat exchanger (22), wherein the main heat exchanger (12) and the out-cabin heat exchanger (22) are all three-medium heat exchangers for refrigerant-cooling liquid-air, the pre-heat exchanger (21) is a two-medium heat exchanger for cooling liquid-air, the pre-heat exchanger (21) and the main heat exchanger (12) are arranged in a cabin air conditioner air duct in a wind direction sequence, and the out-cabin heat exchanger (22) is arranged in an out-cabin environment air. The refrigerant channels of the main heat exchanger (12) and the out-cabin heat exchanger (22) are communicated with a four-way valve (10), a compressor (11) and a throttle valve (13) to form a phase-change refrigerant heat pump unit based on the four-way valve (10) switching. The cooling liquid channels of the main heat exchanger (12) and the out-cabin heat exchanger (22) are communicated with a multi-way valve group (20), a first circulating pump (201), a second circulating pump (202), the pre-heat exchanger (21) and an electrically-driven electric control device (23) to form a pump-driven cooling liquid unit based on the multi-way valve group (20) switching. The multi-way valve group (20) has at least eight external interfaces, the electrically-driven electric control device (23) and the first circulating pump (201) are connected in series to form a first pipe section, and then are communicated with the 1 and 2 interfaces of the multi-way valve group (20); the cooling liquid channel of the out-cabin heat exchanger (22) is communicated with the 3 and 4 interfaces of the multi-way valve group (20); the pre-heat exchanger (21) and the second circulating pump (202) are connected in series to form a second pipe section, and then are communicated with the 5 and 6 interfaces of the multi-way valve group (20); the cooling liquid channel of the main heat exchanger (12) is communicated with the 7 and 8 interfaces of the multi-way valve group (20); and the 1 and 8 interfaces of the multi-way valve group (20) are communicated. The valve core communication modes of the four-way valve (10) and the multi-way valve group (20) are respectively adjusted, and the heat pump unit and the cooling liquid unit can form cold and hot circuits in multiple combination modes.

2. The grade-based recycling heat management system of claim 1, wherein, The system further comprises a liquid-cooled battery (24) which is connected in series in the pipe line between the cooling liquid channel of the main heat exchanger (12) and the eighth interface of the multi-way valve group (20).

3. The grade-based recycling heat management system of claim 2, wherein, The system further comprises a third circulating pump (203), the multi-way valve group (20) has a ninth interface between the seventh and eighth interfaces, the third circulating pump (203) is connected in series in the pipe line of the eighth interface of the multi-way valve group (20), one end of the third circulating pump (203) is communicated with a first end of the liquid-cooled battery (24) and the first interface of the multi-way valve group (20), and a second end of the liquid-cooled battery (24) is communicated with the ninth interface.

4. The grade-based recycling heat management system of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The system further comprises an expansion water tank (25) which is communicated with the first interface of the multi-way valve group (20).

5. The grade-based recycling heat management system of claim 4, wherein, The system further comprises an auxiliary heater which is connected in series between the electrically-driven electric control device (23) and the second interface of the multi-way valve group (20).

6. A control method for operating control of the thermal management system based on grade recycling according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by, According to the temperature and humidity requirements of the cabin environment, the control method comprises four modes of heating, dehumidifying, heat dissipating and refrigerating.

7. A control method for operating and controlling the thermal management system based on the grade recycling according to claim 2, characterized in that, According to the temperature and humidity requirements of the cabin environment and the constant temperature requirements of the liquid-cooled battery, the control method comprises six modes of heating, dehumidifying, heat dissipating, refrigerating, battery cold storage and battery heat storage.

8. A control method for operating and controlling the thermal management system based on the grade recycling according to claim 3, characterized in that, According to the temperature and humidity requirements of the cabin environment and the constant temperature requirements of the liquid-cooled battery, the control method comprises eight modes of heating, dehumidifying, heat dissipating, refrigerating, battery cold storage, battery heat storage, active heat dissipation and active temperature equalization.

9. A vehicle characterized by comprising: A thermal management system based on grade recycling according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

10. A vehicle as claimed in claim 9, wherein The vehicle includes various vehicles running on land, water, air, and driven by an electric motor, pure electric, hybrid, hydrogen power.

Images