Underground stamping driving reciprocating plunger pump for gas drilling

Abstract

The invention relates to an underground stamping driving reciprocating plunger pump for gas drilling, which comprises a gas stamping device and a plunger pump device, a piston capable of reciprocating up and down is arranged in the gas stamping device, and the piston can realize reciprocating motion by using working energy transmitted by gas injected into the gas stamping device. The plunger pump device is connected to the lower end of the gas stamping device and comprises a plunger pump body, at least one plunger, at least one oil suction valve and at least one oil discharge valve, the plungers are arranged in the plunger pump body in a vertically elastic moving mode, the oil suction valves are arranged in the lower portions of the corresponding plungers, the oil discharge valves are arranged below the corresponding plungers, and the plunger pumps are arranged in the plunger pump body. And oil storage channels are formed between the plungers and the corresponding oil discharge valves. Gas energy can be converted into high-pressure liquid energy to drive the rotor to rotate, the defect that power is insufficient due to compressibility when gas directly drives an executing mechanism is overcome, and meanwhile all the advantages that the gas serves as a circulating medium are reserved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil and natural gas drilling equipment, and in particular to a downhole punching driven reciprocating plunger pump for gas drilling. Background Art

[0002] The downhole power drill currently used for gas drilling has an air screw and a self-rotating air hammer.

[0003] The air screw is improved from the traditional mud screw drilling tool. The mud screw drilling tool itself has hard mechanical properties because the drilling fluid is incompressible. It is precisely because of this advantage that it can be widely used in directional and horizontal drilling. However, although the air screw has adopted a series of structural optimizations and improvements for the compressibility of gas, and basically meets the underbalanced drilling with foam and aeration as the medium, when the circulating medium is pure gas and atomized liquid, the gas is still used to directly act on the screw motor. Due to the compressibility of the gas, when the positive displacement motor is directly driven to do work, the output torque and speed are unstable, so it cannot be used in gas drilling directional wells and horizontal wells.

[0004] The self-rotating air hammer uses rotation and impact to break the rock. The gas not only generates impact work but also drives the drill bit to rotate. Very high pressure is required to achieve effective drilling. The working conditions are poor when working, the overall life of the drill is short, the ability to cope with downhole complexity is weak, and the practicality is poor. Due to the lack of an effective downhole power drill, gas drilling can only rely on the power of ground equipment to drive the drill string to rotate. This method can often only be used in straight well sections, stable inclination sections, and horizontal sections with shorter lengths. In the inclination section and long horizontal section, the drill string cannot rotate. The usual practice is to use gas drilling to speed up and treat leaks in the straight well section and stable inclination section, and switch to mud drilling in the conventional way in the inclination section and the longer horizontal section. This not only increases the workload and construction difficulty, but also fails to achieve the purpose of using gas drilling to discover and protect reservoirs, greatly limiting the development and application of gas drilling technology.

[0005] Therefore, the inventor, relying on his many years of experience and practice in related industries, proposes a downhole punching driven reciprocating plunger pump for gas drilling to overcome the defects of the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a downhole ram-driven reciprocating plunger pump for gas drilling, which can convert gas energy into high-pressure liquid energy to drive the rotor to rotate, thereby overcoming the lack of power caused by compressibility when the gas directly drives the actuator, while also retaining all the advantages of gas as a circulating medium.

[0007] The object of the present invention is achieved by providing a downhole punching driven reciprocating plunger pump for gas drilling, which is used to drive the actuator to rotate; the downhole punching driven reciprocating plunger pump for gas drilling comprises:

[0008] A gas punching device, in which a piston capable of reciprocating up and down is provided, and the piston can realize its reciprocating movement by utilizing the working energy transmitted by the gas injected into the gas punching device;

[0009] A plunger pump device is connected to the lower end of the gas punching device, and includes a plunger pump body and at least one plunger, at least one oil suction valve and at least one oil discharge valve. The plunger is elastically movable up and down and is arranged in the plunger pump body. The oil suction valve is arranged in the lower part of the corresponding plunger, and the oil discharge valve is arranged below the corresponding plunger. An oil storage channel is formed between the plunger and the corresponding oil discharge valve.

[0010] Among them, the lower end of the plunger pump body is used to connect the actuator, and the plunger pump body is also provided with a first circulation channel and a second circulation channel; the first end of the first circulation channel can be connected to the oil outlet of the oil discharge valve at the lower end of each oil discharge valve, the second end of the first circulation channel and the first end of the second circulation channel can be connected to the high-pressure oil channel and the low-pressure oil channel in the actuator respectively, and the second end of the second circulation channel can be connected to the oil inlet of the oil suction valve at the upper end of each oil suction valve; the oil discharge valve can be in an open state during the process of the piston hitting the plunger downward, and can be in a closed state during the process of the plunger resetting upward; the oil suction valve can be in an open state during the process of the plunger resetting upward, and can be in a closed state during the process of the piston hitting the plunger downward.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plunger pump body includes a pump outer tube and a return plate and a pump body arranged in an upper and lower manner. The return plate is arranged in the pump outer tube so as to be movable up and down, and the pump body is relatively fixedly arranged in the pump outer tube. The upper end of the plunger penetrates upward through the return plate and abuts against the return plate; an axial mounting channel is provided in the pump body and passes through its upper end, and the lower part of the plunger is inserted in the axial mounting channel; a return spring is sleeved on the plunger, and the two ends of the return spring respectively abut against the return plate and the steps in the pump body; the oil drain valve is installed in the pump body, and the first circulation channel and the second circulation channel are both provided in the pump body.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pump body includes a cylinder body, a cylinder head and a stop sleeve which are arranged closely from top to bottom, and a low-pressure pipe and a high-pressure pipe which are arranged in an inner and outer interval are installed in the stop sleeve, and the upper ends of the low-pressure pipe and the high-pressure pipe are connected to the cylinder head; an axial mounting channel is formed in the cylinder body and passes through both ends of the cylinder body, and the upper part of the oil drain valve is installed in the axial mounting channel, and the lower part thereof is inserted in the cylinder head; a cylinder head oil drain channel is provided in the cylinder head, and the interval between the low-pressure pipe and the high-pressure pipe constitutes a high-pressure oil outlet channel, and the cylinder head oil drain channel and the high-pressure oil outlet channel constitute the above-mentioned first circulation channel; a cylinder body center channel which passes through its lower end is opened in the center of the cylinder body, and a cylinder head center channel which passes through its two ends is opened in the center of the cylinder head, and the inner cavity of the cylinder body center channel, the cylinder head center channel and the low-pressure pipe constitute the second circulation channel.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the oil drain valve includes an oil drain valve sleeve, an oil drain valve ball and an oil drain valve spring arranged in the oil drain valve sleeve, the upper port and the lower port of the oil drain valve sleeve respectively constitute the oil drain valve oil inlet and the oil drain valve oil outlet, the oil drain valve ball is located below the oil drain valve oil inlet and can be pressed against and block the oil drain valve oil inlet, and the two ends of the oil drain valve spring respectively press against the oil drain valve ball and the corresponding steps in the plunger pump body.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the oil suction valve includes an oil suction valve sleeve and an oil suction valve ball and an oil suction valve spring arranged in the oil suction valve sleeve. The upper port and the lower port of the oil suction valve sleeve constitute the oil inlet and the oil outlet of the oil suction valve respectively. The oil suction valve ball is located below the oil inlet of the oil suction valve and can be pressed against to block the oil inlet of the oil suction valve. The two ends of the oil suction valve spring respectively press against the corresponding steps in the oil suction valve ball and the plunger.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a gas stamping device includes a stamping body, a piston is arranged in the stamping body, an air intake chamber is formed between the upper part of the piston and the upper part of the stamping body, and an exhaust chamber is formed between the lower part of the piston and the lower part of the stamping body; an air intake channel is also provided in the stamping body, a first end of the air intake channel can penetrate upward through the upper end of the stamping body, and a second end thereof can inject air into the air intake chamber or inject air into the exhaust chamber; an exhaust channel that can penetrate the bottom of the plunger pump body is provided; the gas injected into the air intake channel can enter the air intake chamber, and can push the piston downward, so that the volume of the air intake chamber increases, and at the same time compresses the exhaust chamber to reduce its volume; when the air intake chamber is connected with the exhaust channel, the gas in the air intake chamber can be discharged outwardly, and the gas injected into the air intake channel can push the piston upward, so that the volume of the exhaust chamber increases, and at the same time compresses the air intake chamber to reduce its volume; when the piston moves upward and resets, the exhaust chamber can be connected with the exhaust channel and exhausted outwardly.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the interior of the piston has a piston center channel running through both ends thereof, the outer wall of the piston is provided with an upper convex ring, an intermediate convex ring and a lower convex ring sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the outer wall of the piston and the area between the upper convex ring and the lower convex ring constitute an annular concave area, and the air intake channel can be connected to the annular concave area; the stamping body includes a stamping outer cylinder, a fixed column and a gas distribution valve, the fixed column is relatively fixedly arranged in the upper part of the stamping outer cylinder, the piston is arranged in the lower part of the stamping outer cylinder, and the upper part of the gas distribution valve The inner wall of the stamped outer cylinder is formed with a first step hole, a second step hole and a third step hole which are sequentially connected from top to bottom and are located below the fixed column. A ring groove is formed on the hole wall of the first step hole. The aperture of the second step hole is larger than that of the first step hole. The aperture of the third step hole is smaller than that of the first step hole. The annular space between the upper convex ring and the bottom of the fixed column constitutes an air intake chamber. The middle convex ring and the upper hole of the third step hole are connected to each other. The annular area between the shoulders constitutes an exhaust chamber; an outer tube exhaust channel is formed in the lower side wall of the stamped outer tube, the upper end of the outer tube exhaust channel is connected to the exhaust chamber, and the lower end thereof can radially penetrate the inner wall of the stamped outer tube and be connected to the third step hole, and the third step hole can be connected to the exhaust channel; the upper end of the piston can be against the bottom surface of the fixed column or the middle convex block can be against the upper hole shoulder of the third step hole; when the piston is against the fixed column, the side wall of the upper convex ring can form a first gap with the bottom of the ring groove and can be connected with the inlet The air chamber is connected to the annular concave area, the side wall of the middle convex ring can contact and seal with the hole wall of the first step hole, the side wall of the lower convex ring can contact and seal with the hole wall of the third step hole, and the second end of the outer tube exhaust duct is located below the lower convex ring; when the middle convex ring is located in the second step hole, the middle convex ring can form a second gap with the hole wall of the second step hole and can be connected with the annular concave area and the exhaust chamber, the side wall of the upper convex ring can contact and seal with the hole wall of the first step hole, and the second end of the outer tube exhaust duct can be located above the lower convex ring.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stamping device also includes an oil supply pipe, the upper part of which is installed in the fixed column and can be connected to the pipe joint at the top of the fixed column, and the lower part of which passes downward through the gas distribution valve and the piston center channel in sequence and extends into the plunger pump body to be connected to the second circulation channel.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an axial air inlet duct and an oblique air inlet duct are provided in the fixed column, the upper end of the axial air inlet duct is upwardly connected to the upper port of the stamped outer cylinder, and the lower end thereof is connected to the inner end of the oblique air inlet duct; an annular air injection area is formed in the side wall of the stamped outer cylinder, the outer end of the oblique air inlet duct can be connected to the annular air injection area, and a plurality of lower air distribution holes are opened in the circumferential direction of the lower part of the inner wall of the stamped outer cylinder corresponding to the annular air injection area, and the lower air distribution holes connect the annular air injection area and the annular concave area; the upper end inner cavity of the stamped outer cylinder, the axial air inlet duct, the oblique air inlet duct, the annular air injection area and the lower air distribution holes constitute an air inlet channel.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stamped outer cylinder includes an injection joint and a stamped outer tube connected up and down, and an inner cylinder, a lower spacer sleeve and an air distribution sleeve arranged in the stamped outer tube and arranged adjacent to each other in sequence from top to bottom, the fixed column includes an upper flange and an upper anvil arranged adjacent to each other up and down, the lower part of the upper anvil is inserted in the upper end of the inner cylinder; the upper flange has a flange center hole and a plurality of flange axial air inlet holes arranged circumferentially, a central groove is opened at the upper part of the upper anvil, the upper part of the air distribution valve is installed in the central groove, the upper end of the air distribution valve and the upper end of the oil supply pipe are axially limited in the upper flange, and the lower part of the air distribution valve passes downward through the upper anvil; the plurality of flange axial air inlet holes and the annular area between the central groove and the air distribution valve constitute an axial air inlet duct, and the number of oblique air inlet ducts is multiple and is opened circumferentially. In the upper anvil, an annular channel connected to each oblique air inlet channel is opened on the lower outer wall of the upper anvil; an air injection groove is formed on the upper inner wall of the stamped outer tube, and the air injection groove and the outer wall of the inner cylinder enclose an annular air injection area, and the annular channel is connected to the annular air injection area through a plurality of upper air distribution holes opened on the circumference of the inner cylinder, and the lower air distribution holes are opened on the inner cylinder; the inner cavity of the inner cylinder constitutes a first step hole, the inner cavity of the lower spacer constitutes a second step hole, and the inner cavity of the air distribution sleeve constitutes a third step hole; a plurality of air distribution sleeve axial holes and a plurality of air distribution sleeve radial holes are spaced apart on the upper circumference of the air distribution sleeve, the upper ends of the air distribution sleeve axial holes are all connected to the exhaust chamber, and the lower ends of the air distribution sleeve axial holes can be connected to the inner cavity of the air distribution sleeve through the corresponding air distribution sleeve radial holes, and the plurality of air distribution sleeve axial holes and the plurality of air distribution sleeve radial holes constitute the outer cylinder exhaust channel.

[0020] As described above, the reciprocating plunger pump of the present invention is a gas-liquid coupling device, which continuously impacts the plunger by pushing the piston up and down through gas. The gas does not directly drive the actuator, and the gas drive works independently and has nothing to do with the load. No matter how the parameters such as the rotation speed or torque of the actuator change, the gas will not affect the load. The gas can continuously drive the piston to reciprocate and transfer energy to the plunger. The entire impact boosting method converts gas energy into high-pressure liquid energy, and drives the rotor to rotate through the closed circulation of hydraulic oil inside the actuator, which overcomes the lack of power caused by compressibility when the gas directly drives the actuator, while also retaining all the advantages of gas as a circulating medium, effectively solving the downhole power problem of gas drilling horizontal wells, directional wells and large-displacement wells. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The following drawings are only intended to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0022] in:

[0023] Figure 1 : A structural schematic diagram of a downhole punching driven reciprocating plunger pump for gas drilling provided by the present invention when the piston is at the top dead center position.

[0024] Figure 2 :for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the gas ramming device.

[0025] Figure 3 :for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of this part of the middle piston pump device.

[0026] Figure 4 :for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the piston.

[0027] Figure 5 :for Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of the oil suction valve and oil discharge valve.

[0028] Figure 6 : A schematic structural diagram of a downhole punching driven reciprocating plunger pump for gas drilling provided by the present invention during the downward movement of the piston.

[0029] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0030] 100. Gas ramming device;

[0031] 1011, gas injection joint;

[0032] 1012, stamping outer tube; 10121, annular gas injection area;

[0033] 102, upper flange; 1021, flange mounting groove; 1022, flange axial air inlet hole; 1023, pipe joint;

[0034] 103, upper anvil; 1031, central groove; 1032, oblique air inlet; 1033, annular channel;

[0035] 104, gas distribution valve; 1041, limit ring;

[0036] 105, oil supply pipe; 1051, half ring clamp; 1052, limit sleeve;

[0037] 106, piston; 1061, intake chamber; 1062, exhaust chamber; 1063, piston center channel; 1064, upper convex ring; 1065, middle convex ring; 1066, lower convex ring; 1067, annular concave area;

[0038] 107, inner cylinder; 1071, ring groove; 1072, upper air distribution hole; 1073, lower air distribution hole;

[0039] 108, lower spacer;

[0040] 109, gas distribution sleeve; 1091, gas distribution sleeve axial hole; 1092, gas distribution sleeve radial hole;

[0041] 200. Plunger pump device;

[0042] 201, pump outer tube;

[0043] 202, return plate; 2021, axial plunger mounting hole; 2022, return plate axial exhaust groove;

[0044] 203, cylinder body; 2031, cylinder body center channel; 2032, axial mounting channel; 2033, upper spring mounting groove; 2034, annular oil inlet groove; 2035, cylinder body radial hole; 2036, radial processing hole; 2037, blocking ball; 2038, cylinder body axial exhaust groove;

[0045] 204, plunger; 2041, return spring; 2042, plunger radial through hole; 2043, oil storage channel; 2044, plunger axial connection hole;

[0046] 205, oil suction valve; 2051, oil suction valve sleeve; 20511, oil inlet of oil suction valve; 20512, oil through hole of oil suction valve; 2052, oil suction valve ball; 2053, oil suction valve spring; 2054, inner retaining ring of plunger; 2055, limit steel ball;

[0047] 206, oil drain valve; 2061, oil drain valve sleeve; 20611, oil drain valve oil inlet; 20612, oil drain valve oil hole; 2062, oil drain valve ball; 2063, oil drain valve spring;

[0048] 207, cylinder head; 2071, cylinder head center channel; 2072, cylinder head oil drain channel; 2073, oil drain valve mounting groove; 2074, lower spring mounting groove; 2075, cylinder head axial exhaust groove;

[0049] 208, stop sleeve; 2081, brake sleeve axial exhaust duct;

[0050] 2091, low pressure pipe; 2092, high pressure pipe; 2093, high pressure oil outlet;

[0051] 300, experimental test joint;

[0052] 301, high-pressure oil channel; 302, low-pressure oil channel; 303, terminal air channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention are now described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0054] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a downhole punching driven reciprocating plunger pump for gas drilling, which is used to drive the actuator to rotate; the downhole punching driven reciprocating plunger pump for gas drilling includes:

[0055] The gas punching device 100 is provided with a piston 106 capable of reciprocating up and down. The piston 106 can realize its reciprocating movement by utilizing the working energy transmitted by the gas injected into the gas punching device 100;

[0056] The plunger pump device 200 is connected to the lower end of the gas punching device 100, and includes a plunger pump body and at least one plunger 204, at least one oil suction valve 205 and at least one oil discharge valve 206. The plunger 204 is elastically movable up and down and is arranged in the plunger pump body. The oil suction valve 205 is arranged in the lower part of the corresponding plunger 204, and the oil discharge valve 206 is arranged below the corresponding plunger 204. An oil storage channel 2043 is formed between the plunger 204 and the corresponding oil discharge valve 206;

[0057] Among them, the lower end of the plunger pump body is used to connect the actuator, and the plunger pump body is also provided with a first circulation channel and a second circulation channel; the first end of the first circulation channel can be connected to the oil outlet of the oil discharge valve at the lower end of each oil discharge valve 206, the second end of the first circulation channel and the first end of the second circulation channel can be connected to the high-pressure oil channel and the low-pressure oil channel in the actuator respectively, and the second end of the second circulation channel can be connected to the oil suction valve inlet 20511 at the upper end of each oil suction valve 205; the oil discharge valve 206 can be in an open state during the process of the piston 106 hitting the plunger 204 downward, and can be in a closed state during the process of the plunger 204 resetting upward; the oil suction valve 205 can be in an open state during the process of the plunger 204 resetting upward, and can be in a closed state during the process of the piston 106 hitting the plunger 204 downward.

[0058] Specifically, the upper and lower directions mentioned in the text only refer to Figure 1 The upper and lower positions are shown in the figure for easy understanding. The actuator can be, for example, a positive displacement motor, which has a high-pressure oil channel and a low-pressure oil channel. When high-pressure hydraulic oil enters the high-pressure oil channel and drives the rotor to rotate, the high-pressure oil becomes low-pressure oil and comes out of the low-pressure oil channel. When the entire reciprocating piston pump is in the experimental stage, an experimental test joint 300 can be connected to the bottom end of the reciprocating piston pump. The experimental test joint 300 has a high-pressure oil channel 301 and a low-pressure oil channel 302 similar to the channels in the motor.

[0059] The first circulation channel, the second circulation channel, the oil suction valve 205, the oil storage channel 2043 and the oil discharge valve 206, together with the high-pressure oil channel and the low-pressure oil channel in the actuator, constitute a closed circulation oil channel. When the piston 106 moves downward and hits the plunger 204 under the energy transmitted by the gas, the oil storage channel 2043 will be compressed, the oil discharge valve 206 will be opened, and the hydraulic oil will enter the high-pressure oil channel in the actuator through the first circulation channel, and the low-pressure oil converted after the actuator rotates will enter the second circulation channel through the low-pressure oil channel; when the piston 106 moves upward and resets under the energy transmitted by the gas, the plunger 204 also moves upward and resets, the volume of the oil storage channel 2043 increases, the oil discharge valve 206 is closed, the oil suction valve 205 is opened, and the hydraulic oil enters the oil storage channel 2043 through the oil suction valve 205, constituting a cycle of oil discharge and oil return; thereafter, in the process of the piston 106 continuously reciprocating, continuously hitting the plunger 204 and resetting, multiple cycles of oil discharge and oil return will be performed in the closed circulation oil channel.

[0060] Therefore, the entire reciprocating plunger pump is a gas-liquid coupling device, which continuously impacts the plunger 204 by pushing the piston 106 up and down through gas. The gas does not directly drive the actuator, and the gas drive works independently and has nothing to do with the load. No matter how the parameters such as the speed or torque of the actuator change, the gas will not affect the load. The gas can continuously drive the piston 106 to reciprocate and transfer energy to the plunger 204. The entire impact boosting method converts gas energy into high-pressure liquid energy, and drives the rotor to rotate through the closed circulation of hydraulic oil inside the actuator, which overcomes the lack of power caused by compressibility when the gas directly drives the actuator, and also retains all the advantages of gas as a circulating medium, effectively solving the downhole power problem of gas drilling horizontal wells, directional wells and large-reach wells.

[0061] In a specific implementation, in order to facilitate the resetting of the plunger 204, the plunger pump body includes a pump outer tube 201 and a return disk 202 and a pump body arranged in an upper and lower manner. The return disk 202 is movable up and down and is arranged in the pump outer tube 201, and the pump body is relatively fixedly arranged in the pump outer tube 201. The upper end of the plunger 204 penetrates the return disk 202 upward and abuts against the return disk 202; an axial mounting channel 2032 is provided in the pump body and passes through its upper end, and the lower part of the plunger 204 is inserted in the axial mounting channel 2032; a return spring 2041 is sleeved on the plunger 204, and the two ends of the return spring 2041 respectively abut against the return disk 202 and the steps in the pump body; the oil drain valve 206 is installed in the pump body, and the first circulation channel and the second circulation channel are both opened in the pump body.

[0062] Among them, the number of plungers 204, the oil suction valve 205, the oil discharge valve 206 and the axial installation channel 2032 are the same, and the four are coaxially arranged. The number of plungers 204 is preferably multiple and evenly spaced circumferentially arranged, and the multiple axial installation channels 2032 are also evenly spaced circumferentially arranged. The specific number is determined according to actual needs. For example, the number of plungers 204 in this embodiment is five. The return disk 202 is provided with multiple axial plunger installation holes 2021 that pass through both ends thereof at intervals in the circumferential direction. The plunger 204 can pass through the corresponding axial plunger installation holes 2021. The upper end of the plunger 204 is formed with a limit portion with an increased diameter, and the limit portion can abut against the top surface of the return disk 202.

[0063] In order to facilitate processing and installation, the pump body includes a cylinder body 203, a cylinder head 207 and a stop sleeve 208 which are arranged adjacent to each other from top to bottom. A low-pressure pipe 2091 and a high-pressure pipe 2092 are installed in the stop sleeve 208. The upper ends of the low-pressure pipe 2091 and the high-pressure pipe 2092 are connected to the cylinder head 207. An axial installation channel 2032 is formed in the cylinder body 203 and passes through both ends of the cylinder body 203. The upper part of the oil discharge valve 206 is installed in the axial installation channel 2032, and the lower part thereof is inserted in the cylinder head 207. A cylinder head oil drain passage 2072 is provided in the cylinder head 207, and the interval between the low-pressure connecting pipe 2091 and the high-pressure connecting pipe 2092 constitutes a high-pressure oil outlet passage 2093. The cylinder head oil drain passage 2072 and the high-pressure oil outlet passage 2093 constitute the above-mentioned first circulation passage; a cylinder body center passage 2031 is opened in the center of the cylinder body 203 and passes through its lower end, and a cylinder head center passage 2071 is opened in the center of the cylinder head 207 and passes through its two ends, and the inner cavity of the cylinder body center passage 2031, the cylinder head center passage 2071 and the low-pressure connecting pipe 2091 constitute the second circulation passage.

[0064] Among them, the upper end of the cylinder body 203 is provided with an upper spring installation groove 2033, and each axial installation channel 2032 is connected to the upper spring installation groove 2033; each plunger 204 can pass through the upper spring installation groove 2033, and the lower end of each return spring 2041 is against the groove bottom of the upper spring installation groove 2033. A limited step is formed on the upper inner wall of the pump outer tube 201, and the upper end of the cylinder body 203 is against the limited step, and the upper and lower ends of the cylinder cover 207 are respectively against the lower end of the cylinder body 203 and the upper end of the stop sleeve 208. When the motor is connected, the upper end of the motor is sleeved on the outer side of the stop sleeve 208 and against the step on the outer wall of the stop sleeve 208, and then is threadedly connected with the lower inner wall of the pump outer tube 201, so that the cylinder body 203, the cylinder cover 207 and the stop sleeve 208 can be axially limited in the pump outer tube 201.

[0065] Reference Figure 5The oil drain valve 206 includes an oil drain valve sleeve 2061 and an oil drain valve ball 2062 and an oil drain valve spring 2063 arranged in the oil drain valve sleeve 2061. The upper port and the lower port of the oil drain valve sleeve 2061 respectively constitute the oil drain valve oil inlet 20611 and the oil drain valve oil outlet. The oil drain valve ball 2062 is located below the oil drain valve oil inlet 20611 and can be pressed against and block the oil drain valve oil inlet 20611. The two ends of the oil drain valve spring 2063 respectively press against the oil drain valve ball 2062 and the corresponding steps in the plunger pump body.

[0066] A corresponding limiting step is formed on the lower inner wall of the axial installation channel 2032, and the upper end of the drain valve sleeve 2061 rests on the limiting step; a center hole is processed in the drain valve sleeve 2061, and the inner diameter of the upper end of the center hole is reduced to form the drain valve oil inlet 20611, and the drain valve ball 2062 can rest on the step at the lower part of the drain valve oil inlet 20611. A plurality of drain valve installation grooves 2073 are circumferentially spaced apart on the upper part of the cylinder head 207, and the lower seal of the drain valve 206 is inserted in the corresponding drain valve installation groove 2073 and rests on the bottom of the drain valve installation groove 2073; a lower spring installation groove 2074 is formed at the bottom of the drain valve installation groove 2073, and the lower end of the drain valve spring 2063 rests on the lower spring installation groove 2074.

[0067] Generally, the diameter of the drain valve ball 2062 is close to the diameter of the center hole of the drain valve sleeve 2061. In order to facilitate the discharge of hydraulic oil when the drain valve 206 is opened, a plurality of drain valve oil holes 20612 are circumferentially spaced on the side wall of the drain valve sleeve 2061. When the hydraulic oil pushes open the drain valve ball 2062, the drain valve oil inlet 20611 is connected to the drain valve oil outlet, and the hydraulic oil flows downward through the drain valve oil hole 20612 and then enters the cylinder head oil drain channel 2072 through the drain valve oil outlet.

[0068] The number of the cylinder head oil drain passages 2072 is the same as the number of the oil drain valves 206. The cylinder head oil drain passages 2072 can be inclined and arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction. The two ends of the cylinder head oil drain passages 2072 are respectively connected to the corresponding lower spring mounting grooves 2074 and the high-pressure oil outlet passages 2093. The lower part of the cylinder head central passage 2071 is formed with a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole whose hole diameters increase successively downward. The upper end of the low-pressure pipe 2091 is sealed and inserted in the first mounting hole and abuts against the top hole shoulder of the first mounting hole; the upper end of the high-pressure pipe 2092 is sealed and inserted in the second mounting hole and abuts against the top hole shoulder of the second mounting hole.

[0069] Generally, a mounting hole with an enlarged aperture is formed at the lower part of the cylinder body central channel 2031, and a convex ring seal at the top center of the cylinder head 207 is inserted into the mounting hole and rests on the top hole shoulder of the mounting hole. Corresponding sealing rings are installed between the drain valve sleeve 2061 and the axial mounting channel 2032, between the drain valve sleeve 2061 and the drain valve mounting groove 2073, between the convex ring at the top of the cylinder head 207 and the mounting hole at the lower part of the cylinder body central channel 2031, between the low-pressure pipe 2091 and the first mounting hole, and between the high-pressure pipe 2092 and the second mounting hole to form a seal.

[0070] Reference Figure 5 The oil suction valve 205 includes an oil suction valve sleeve 2051 and an oil suction valve ball 2052 and an oil suction valve spring 2053 arranged in the oil suction valve sleeve 2051. The upper port and the lower port of the oil suction valve sleeve 2051 respectively constitute the oil suction valve oil inlet 20511 and the oil suction valve oil outlet. The oil suction valve ball 2052 is located below the oil suction valve oil inlet 20511 and can be pressed against and block the oil suction valve oil inlet 20511. The two ends of the oil suction valve spring 2053 respectively press against the oil suction valve ball 2052 and the corresponding steps in the plunger 204.

[0071] The lower part of the plunger 204 is provided with an oil suction valve installation groove, and the oil suction valve sleeve 2051 is installed in the oil suction valve installation groove and abuts against the groove top of the oil suction valve installation groove; a center hole is processed in the oil suction valve sleeve 2051, and the inner diameter of the upper end of the center hole is reduced to form the oil suction valve oil inlet 20511, and the oil suction valve ball 2052 can abut against the step at the lower part of the oil suction valve oil inlet 20511. A plunger inner retaining ring 2054 is installed at the lower end groove position of the oil suction valve installation groove, and the plunger inner retaining ring 2054 abuts against the lower end of the oil suction valve sleeve 2051, and the lower end of the oil suction valve spring 2053 abuts against the upper end surface of the plunger inner retaining ring 2054; the groove top of the oil suction valve installation groove cooperates with the plunger inner retaining ring 2054 to form a limit for the oil suction valve sleeve 2051 and the oil suction valve spring 2053.

[0072] In order to facilitate the positioning of the plunger inner retaining ring 2054, a plurality of plunger limiting holes are circumferentially provided at the lower end of the plunger 204, a plurality of limiting grooves are circumferentially provided at the outer wall of the plunger inner retaining ring 2054, and limiting steel balls 2055 are installed in the plunger limiting holes and clamped in the corresponding limiting grooves to fix the plunger inner retaining ring 2054. The number of the plunger limiting holes, limiting grooves and limiting steel balls 2055 is the same, for example, two.

[0073] Generally, the diameter of the oil suction valve ball 2052 is close to the diameter of the center hole of the oil suction valve sleeve 2051. In order to facilitate the discharge of hydraulic oil when the oil suction valve 205 is opened, a plurality of oil suction valve oil holes 20512 are circumferentially spaced on the side wall of the oil suction valve sleeve 2051. When the hydraulic oil pushes open the oil suction valve ball 2052, the oil suction valve oil inlet 20511 is connected with the oil suction valve oil outlet, and the hydraulic oil flows downward through the oil suction valve oil hole 20512 and then enters the above-mentioned oil storage channel 2043 through the oil suction valve oil outlet and the center hole of the plunger inner retaining ring 2054.

[0074] In order to facilitate the hydraulic oil to enter the oil suction valve 205 through the second end of the second circulation channel, an annular oil inlet groove 2034 is formed on the inner wall of the axial installation channel 2032, and a plurality of cylinder radial holes 2035 are circumferentially spaced in the cylinder body 203 to connect the annular oil inlet groove 2034 and the cylinder center channel 2031; a plunger radial through hole 2042 is provided at the lower part of the plunger 204 and above the oil suction valve installation groove, and the plunger radial through hole 2042 is connected to the oil suction valve installation groove, that is, the oil suction valve oil inlet port 20511, through the plunger axial connecting hole 2044. During the up and down reciprocating movement of the plunger 204, the plunger radial through hole 2042 is always connected to the annular oil inlet groove 2034. When the plunger 204 moves upward, the hydraulic oil enters the oil suction valve 205 through the second end of the second circulation channel, the cylinder radial hole 2035, the annular oil inlet groove 2034, the plunger radial through hole 2042, the plunger axial connecting hole 2044 and the oil suction valve oil inlet port 20511 in sequence.

[0075] In order to facilitate processing, a plurality of radial processing holes 2036 facing the radial holes 2035 of the cylinder body are provided at circumferential intervals on the upper part of the cylinder body 203 . The radial processing holes 2036 are connected to the annular oil inlet groove 2034 , and sealing balls 2037 are installed in the radial processing holes 2036 .

[0076] Further, see Figure 2 and Figure 4 The gas stamping device 100 includes a stamping body, a piston 106 is arranged in the stamping body, an air intake chamber 1061 is formed between the upper part of the piston 106 and the upper part of the stamping body, and an exhaust chamber 1062 is formed between the lower part of the piston 106 and the lower part of the stamping body; an air intake channel is also provided in the stamping body, a first end of the air intake channel can penetrate upward through the upper end of the stamping body, and a second end thereof can inject air into the air intake chamber 1061 or inject air into the exhaust chamber 1062; an exhaust channel that can penetrate the bottom of the plunger pump body is provided in the plunger pump body.

[0077] The gas injected into the intake channel can enter the intake chamber 1061 and can push the piston 106 downward, so that the volume of the intake chamber 1061 increases, and at the same time compresses the exhaust chamber 1062 to reduce its volume; when the intake chamber 1061 is connected with the exhaust channel, the gas in the intake chamber 1061 can be discharged outward, and the gas injected into the intake channel can push the piston 106 upward, so that the volume of the exhaust chamber 1062 increases, and at the same time compresses the intake chamber 1061 to reduce its volume; when the piston 106 moves upward and resets, the exhaust chamber 1062 can be connected with the exhaust channel and exhaust gas outward.

[0078] The air inlet chamber 1061 and the exhaust chamber 1062 are both air chambers with variable volumes. The entire gas punching device 100 drives the piston 106 to reciprocate up and down by alternating the volume and pressure of the air inlet chamber 1061 and the exhaust chamber 1062. The details are as follows:

[0079] The interior of the piston 106 has a piston center channel 1063 running through both ends thereof. The outer wall of the piston 106 is provided with an upper convex ring 1064, a middle convex ring 1065 and a lower convex ring 1066 arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The outer wall of the piston 106 and the area between the upper convex ring 1064 and the lower convex ring 1066 constitute an annular concave area 1067, and the intake channel can be connected to the annular concave area 1067. The stamping body includes a stamping outer cylinder, a fixed column and a gas distribution valve 104. The fixed column is relatively fixedly arranged in the upper part of the stamping outer cylinder, and the piston 106 is arranged in the lower part of the stamping outer cylinder. The upper part of the gas distribution valve 104 is installed in the center of the fixed column, and the lower part can be inserted in the central channel 1063 of the piston; the inner wall of the stamping outer cylinder and the lower part of the fixed column are formed with a first step hole, a second step hole and a third step hole connected in sequence from top to bottom, and a ring groove 1071 is formed on the hole wall of the first step hole. The aperture of the second step hole is larger than that of the third step hole. The aperture of the first step hole is smaller than that of the first step hole; the annular space between the upper convex ring 1064 and the bottom of the fixed column constitutes the air inlet chamber 1061, and the annular area between the middle convex ring 1065 and the upper hole shoulder of the third step hole constitutes the exhaust chamber 1062; an outer tube exhaust channel is formed in the lower side wall of the stamped outer tube, the upper end of the outer tube exhaust channel is connected to the exhaust chamber 1062, and the lower end thereof can radially penetrate the inner wall of the stamped outer tube and be connected to the third step hole, and the third step hole can be connected to the exhaust channel;

[0080] The upper end of the piston 106 can be pressed against the bottom surface of the fixed column or the middle convex block can be pressed against the upper shoulder of the third stepped hole; when the piston 106 is pressed against the fixed column, the side wall of the upper convex ring 1064 can form a first gap with the bottom of the annular groove 1071 and can be connected with the intake chamber 1061 and the annular concave area 1067, the side wall of the middle convex ring 1065 can be in contact and sealed with the hole wall of the first stepped hole, and the side wall of the lower convex ring 1066 can be in contact with the hole wall of the third stepped hole. The hole wall of the stepped hole is in contact and sealed, and the second end of the outer tube exhaust duct is located below the lower convex ring 1066; when the middle convex ring 1065 is located in the second stepped hole, the middle convex ring 1065 can form a second gap with the hole wall of the second stepped hole and can be connected with the annular recessed area 1067 and the exhaust chamber 1062, the side wall of the upper convex ring 1064 can be in contact and sealed with the hole wall of the first stepped hole, and the second end of the outer tube exhaust duct can be located above the lower convex ring 1066.

[0081] It can be understood that the upper outer diameter of the piston 106 is larger than the lower outer diameter, the outer diameter of the upper convex ring 1064 is the same as the outer diameter of the middle convex ring 1065, and is close to the aperture of the first step hole, and the outer diameter of the lower convex ring 1066 is close to the aperture of the third step hole. When the piston 106 is at the top dead center position, the upper end of the piston 106 rests on the bottom surface of the solid column, and the volume of the intake chamber 1061 is the smallest at this time; the gas injected into the intake channel first enters the annular concave area 1067, and enters the intake chamber 1061 through the first gap between the upper convex ring 1064 and the annular groove 1071. The gas pushes the piston 106 downward, and the volume of the intake chamber 1061 gradually increases. When the piston 106 moves down to the middle convex ring 1065 and enters the second step hole, the upper convex ring 106 The side wall of 4 can contact and seal with the hole wall of the first stepped hole, the air inlet chamber 1061 is closed and no longer communicated with the annular concave area 1067. After the gas enters the annular concave area 1067, it will enter the exhaust chamber 1062 from the second gap between the middle convex ring 1065 and the second stepped hole. The second end of the outer tube exhaust channel is located above the lower convex ring 1066. The lower convex ring 1066 will close the outer tube exhaust channel so that it cannot be communicated with the exhaust channel in the plunger pump body, and the gas in the exhaust chamber 1062 will not be discharged.

[0082] When the piston 106 moves to the point where the middle convex ring 1065 abuts against the upper shoulder of the third stepped hole, the upper end of the piston 106 is separated from the lower end of the gas distribution valve 104, and the air inlet chamber 1061 is connected to the exhaust channel of the plunger pump body through the piston center channel 1063 to achieve exhaust. The injected gas enters the exhaust chamber 1062 after passing through the annular concave area 1067 and the second gap, pushing the piston 106 to reset upward. When the piston 106 is reset, the second end of the outer tube exhaust channel is located below the lower convex ring 1066, and the outer tube exhaust channel is opened and connected to the exhaust channel in the plunger pump body again, so that the exhaust chamber 1062 can be exhausted. In this way, the air inlet channel is continuously introduced with gas, and through the alternating filling and exhausting of the air inlet chamber 1061 and the exhaust chamber 1062, the piston 106 can continuously move up and down and continuously hit the plunger 204 to provide energy.

[0083] In a preferred embodiment, the stamping device also includes an oil supply pipe 105, the upper part of which is installed in the fixed column and can be connected to the pipe joint 1023 at the top of the fixed column, and the lower part of which passes downward through the gas distribution valve 104 and the piston center channel 1063 in sequence and extends into the plunger pump body to be connected to the second circulation channel.

[0084] A return plate central channel is provided in the center of the return plate 202, and the lower part of the oil replenishing pipe 105 can pass through the return plate central channel and extend into the cylinder central channel 2031. The oil replenishing pipe 105 can ensure that the hydraulic oil always fills the closed circulation oil passage, and can prevent the negative pressure generated during the oil suction valve 205 suction process from causing gas precipitation of the hydraulic oil, thereby ensuring more stable working performance.

[0085] For example, the above-mentioned air intake passage can be realized as follows: Figure 2 An axial air inlet and an oblique air inlet 1032 are provided in the fixed column, the upper end of the axial air inlet is upwardly connected to the upper port of the stamping outer cylinder, and the lower end thereof is connected to the inner side end of the oblique air inlet 1032; an annular air injection area 10121 is formed in the side wall of the stamping outer cylinder, the outer side end of the oblique air inlet 1032 can be connected to the annular air injection area 10121, and a plurality of lower air distribution holes 1073 are circumferentially opened on the inner wall of the stamping outer cylinder corresponding to the lower part of the annular air injection area 10121, and the lower air distribution holes 1073 are connected to the annular air injection area 10121 and the annular concave area 1067; the upper end inner cavity of the stamping outer cylinder, the axial air inlet, the oblique air inlet 1032, the annular air injection area 10121 and the lower air distribution holes 1073 constitute an air inlet channel.

[0086] In order to facilitate processing and installation, the stamping outer cylinder includes a gas injection joint 1011 and a stamping outer tube 1012 connected in an upper and lower manner, and an inner cylinder 107, a lower spacer 108 and a gas distribution sleeve 109 arranged in the stamping outer tube 1012 and arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The fixing column includes an upper flange 102 and an upper anvil 103 arranged in an upper and lower manner, and the lower part of the upper anvil 103 is inserted into the upper end of the inner cylinder 107;

[0087] The upper flange 102 has a flange center hole and multiple flange axial air inlet holes 1022 arranged at circumferential intervals. A central groove 1031 is opened at the upper part of the upper anvil 103. The upper part of the gas distribution valve 104 is installed in the central groove 1031. The upper end of the gas distribution valve 104 and the upper end of the oil replenishment pipe 105 are axially limited in the upper flange 102. The lower part of the gas distribution valve 104 passes downward through the upper anvil 103 (the lower part of the upper anvil 103 has a central hole connected to the central groove 1031); multiple flange axial air inlet holes 1022 and the central groove 1031 and the gas distribution valve 104 are connected. The annular area between the upper anvil 103 and the lower anvil 103 constitutes an axial air inlet channel, and the number of oblique air inlet channels 1032 is multiple and circumferentially spaced apart. The lower outer wall of the upper anvil 103 is provided with an annular channel 1033 connected with each oblique air inlet channel 1032; the upper inner wall of the stamping outer tube 1012 is formed with an air injection groove, and the air injection groove and the outer wall of the inner cylinder 107 enclose an annular air injection area 10121, and the annular channel 1033 is connected with the annular air injection area 10121 through a plurality of upper air distribution holes 1072 opened on the circumference of the inner cylinder 107, and the lower air distribution hole 1073 is opened on the inner cylinder 107;

[0088] The inner cavity of the inner cylinder 107 constitutes a first step hole, the inner cavity of the lower spacer 108 constitutes a second step hole, and the inner cavity of the air-distributing sleeve 109 constitutes a third step hole; a plurality of air-distributing sleeve axial holes 1091 and a plurality of air-distributing sleeve radial holes 1092 are circumferentially spaced apart on the upper part of the air-distributing sleeve 109, the upper ends of the air-distributing sleeve axial holes 1091 are connected to the exhaust chamber 1062, and the lower ends of the air-distributing sleeve axial holes 1091 can be connected to the inner cavity of the air-distributing sleeve 109 through the corresponding air-distributing sleeve radial holes 1092, and the plurality of air-distributing sleeve axial holes 1091 and the plurality of air-distributing sleeve radial holes 1092 constitute an outer cylinder exhaust duct.

[0089] The upper flange 102, the upper anvil 103, the piston 106, the gas distribution valve 104, the gas distribution sleeve 109 and the oil supply pipe 105 are coaxially arranged, and the piston 106 can reciprocate along its axis. The upper end of the gas injection joint 1011 is used for threaded connection with the drilling tool assembly, and the outer wall of the lower end is threadedly connected with the inner wall of the upper end of the stamping outer tube 1012. The lower inner wall of the gas injection joint 1011 forms a limited step, and the upper flange 102 is inserted into the gas injection joint 1011 and rests on the step, and the two form an end face seal (metal face seal, that is, contact seal); the flange center hole of the upper flange 102 is installed with the oil replenishment pipe 105, and the two form a contact seal; the above-mentioned pipe joint 1023 is formed at the center of the top surface of the upper flange 102 and is connected with the flange center hole so as to be connected to the external oil replenishment tank through a pipeline; the lower part of the flange center hole of the upper flange 102 is formed with a flange mounting groove 1021 with an increased diameter, and the flange mounting groove 1021 is connected with the axial air inlet holes 1022 of each flange. In order to facilitate the installation and fixation of the oil supply pipe 105, a limiting step is formed on the upper inner wall of the flange center hole, and the upper part of the oil supply pipe 105 is inserted into the flange center hole. An annular groove is formed on the upper outer wall of the oil supply pipe 105, and two semi-ring clamps 1051 (semi-ring arc-shaped plates) are installed in the groove. The two semi-ring clamps 1051 are outer-circularly provided with a limiting sleeve 1052. The limiting sleeve 1052 is a cylindrical structure with an upper opening on the top surface and an opening on the bottom, and its top surface is against the top of the flange mounting groove 1021.

[0090] The entire gas distribution valve 104 is a cylindrical structure with openings at both ends, which is used for inputting part of the compressed gas and limiting the piston 106. The upper outer wall of the gas distribution valve 104 forms a limit ring 1041, which can abut against the bottom of the central groove 1031 of the upper anvil 103, and the oil replenishing pipe 105 passes through the upper opening of the limit sleeve 1052 and the inner cavity of the gas distribution valve 104. The limit sleeve 1052 clamps the semi-ring clamp 1051 through the bottom of the flange mounting groove 1021 and the upper end surface of the gas distribution valve 104 against the limit sleeve 1052 to form a limit, and is fixed on the upper flange 102. The center of the gas distribution valve 104 passes through the oil supply pipe 105, and the head forms a contact seal with the limit sleeve 1052 and the semi-ring clamp 1051; the center of the upper anvil 103 passes through the gas distribution valve 104, and is limited at the limit ring 1041 of the gas distribution valve 104, and the inner end face of the upper anvil 103 (the bottom of the center groove 1031) and the step surface of the gas distribution valve 104 (the bottom surface of the limit ring 1041) form an end face seal.

[0091] The lower outer diameter of the upper anvil 103 is smaller than its upper outer diameter, and the inner cylinder 107 is a cylindrical structure with openings at both ends. The upper end face of the upper anvil 103 rests on the bottom faces of the upper flange 102 and the bottom faces of the gas injection joint 1011, and the upper end of the inner cylinder 107 is sleeved on the lower part of the upper anvil 103 and rests on the step of the upper outer wall of the upper anvil 103; the upper end face of the upper anvil 103 forms an end face seal with the gas injection joint 1011 and the upper flange 102, and the lower outer wall of the upper anvil 103 forms a contact seal with the upper inner wall of the inner cylinder 107; the inner cylinder 107 is installed in the stamping outer tube 1012, and is limited by the steps with the upper anvil 103, the inner cylinder 107 forms an end face seal with the upper anvil 103, and the outer wall of the inner cylinder 107 forms a contact seal with the inner wall of the stamping outer tube 1012. The inner cylinder 107 is processed with upper air distribution holes 1072 and lower air distribution holes 1073. The specific number of rows and numbers of the air distribution holes is determined according to needs. For example, in this embodiment, the upper air distribution holes 1072 are in one row, and the lower air distribution holes 1073 are in two rows arranged axially at intervals. The two ends of the lower spacer sleeve 108 respectively abut against the lower end of the inner cylinder 107 and the upper end of the air sleeve 109, the upper outer diameter of the air sleeve 109 is larger than its lower outer diameter, the upper end of the above-mentioned pump outer tube 201 is sleeved on the lower part of the air sleeve 109 and abuts against the upper step of the air sleeve 109, and the upper end outer wall of the pump outer tube 201 is threadedly connected with the lower end inner wall of the stamping outer tube 1012; a plunger accommodating groove is opened in the center of the top surface of the above-mentioned return disk 202, and the limiting portion formed at the upper end of the plunger 204 abuts against the bottom of the plunger accommodating groove, and the upper end surface of the return disk 202 can abut against the lower end surface of the air sleeve 109. The lower spacer 108 is installed between the inner cylinder 107 and the air distribution sleeve 109 to limit the movement of the inner cylinder 107; the piston 106 is installed in the inner cylinder 107 and the lower spacer 108, and the upper part of the piston 106 is processed with a air distribution groove (i.e. the above-mentioned annular concave area 1067); the center of the air distribution sleeve 109 passes through the lower part of the piston 106 and the oil supply pipe 105, the upper inner wall of the air distribution sleeve 109 forms a contact seal with the lower convex ring 1066 of the piston 106, and the outer wall of the air distribution sleeve 109 forms a contact seal with the inner wall of the stamped outer tube 1012.

[0092] The exhaust passage in the plunger pump body can be realized by, for example, processing as follows: a plurality of return plate axial exhaust grooves 2022 penetrating the two ends of the return plate 202 are circumferentially spaced apart on the outer wall of the return plate 202, a plurality of cylinder body axial exhaust grooves 2038 penetrating the two ends of the cylinder body 203 are circumferentially spaced apart on the outer wall of the cylinder body 203, a plurality of cylinder head axial exhaust grooves 2075 penetrating the two ends of the cylinder head 207 are circumferentially spaced apart on the outer wall of the cylinder head 207, and a plurality of cylinder head axial exhaust grooves 2075 penetrating the two ends of the cylinder head 207 are circumferentially spaced apart on the inner wall of the side wall of the stop sleeve 208. A plurality of brake sleeve axial exhaust channels 2081 are arranged in between; the number of the return plate axial exhaust groove 2022, the cylinder body axial exhaust groove 2038, the cylinder head axial exhaust groove 2075 and the brake sleeve axial exhaust channel 2081 are the same, and each return plate axial exhaust groove 2022 is connected with the corresponding cylinder body axial exhaust groove 2038, the cylinder head axial exhaust groove 2075 and the brake sleeve axial exhaust channel 2081 through the upper spring mounting groove 2033 to form an air channel, and a plurality of such air channels constitute the exhaust channels in the above-mentioned plunger pump body.

[0093] It can be understood that a terminal air passage is also provided in the actuator, and the two ends of the terminal air passage can be respectively connected to the exhaust passage in the plunger pump body and the outside world. After the gas passes through the exhaust passage in the plunger pump body, it is discharged through the terminal air passage in the actuator. The above-mentioned experimental test joint 300 also has a terminal air passage 303 similar to the terminal air passage of the actuator. The specific shapes of the high-pressure oil channel, the low-pressure oil channel and the terminal air passage in the actuator and the distribution method in the actuator can be determined according to actual needs. After the lower end of the pump outer tube 201 is connected to the actuator, the lower ends of the high-pressure connecting pipe 2092 and the low-pressure connecting pipe 2091 are also inserted in the actuator and sealed to ensure that the entire gas channel and the hydraulic oil channel are relatively independent.

[0094] Furthermore, the assembly sequence of the components in the entire reciprocating piston pump is as follows:

[0095] Step 1: Pass the oil supply pipe 105 through the center hole of the upper flange 102, fix the oil supply pipe 105 by installing the semi-ring clamp 1051 and the limit sleeve 1052, and install the upper flange 102 into the gas injection joint 1011;

[0096] Step 2: Pass the gas distribution valve 104 through the oil replenishing pipe 105, insert the head into the flange mounting groove 1021 of the upper flange 102, make the upper end of the gas distribution valve 104 abut against the lower end of the limiting sleeve 1052, and pass the center hole of the upper anvil 103 through the gas distribution valve 104 to the step, so that the limiting ring 1041 on the gas distribution valve 104 abuts against the bottom of the central groove 1031 of the upper anvil 103;

[0097] Step 3: Connect the stamping outer tube 1012 and the gas injection joint 1011 into place through threaded connection; and insert the inner cylinder 107 into the stamping outer tube 1012 with the upper gas distribution hole 1072 facing upward, to the step of the upper outer wall of the upper anvil 103, and form a contact seal with the upper anvil 103 and the stamping outer tube 1012;

[0098] Step 4: insert the piston 106 into the inner cylinder 107, and the piston center channel 1063 passes through the gas distribution valve 104;

[0099] Step 5: Insert the lower spacer 108 into the stamping outer tube 1012, and then insert the gas sleeve 109 into the stamping outer tube 1012, and insert the center of the gas sleeve 109 into the piston 106;

[0100] Step 6: Connect the tail of the stamping outer tube 1012 and the head of the pump outer tube 201 into place through threads;

[0101] Step 7: Insert the plunger 204 into the return plate 202, with the plunger receiving groove of the return plate 202 facing upwards, and the return spring 2041 is sleeved on the plunger 204; insert the oil suction valve sleeve 2051 into the plunger 204 from the tail of the plunger 204, and put the oil suction valve ball 2052 and the oil suction valve spring 2053 in turn;

[0102] Step 8: Place the plunger inner retaining ring 2054 into the tail of the plunger 204, align the limiting groove on the plunger inner retaining ring 2054 with the plunger limiting hole, and place the limiting steel ball 2055;

[0103] Step 9: Connect the cylinder body 203 and the tail of the plunger 204, insert the tail of the cylinder body 203 into the oil drain valve sleeve 2061, and seal them through a sealing ring; insert the oil drain valve ball 2062 and the oil drain valve spring 2063 into the oil drain valve sleeve 2061 in sequence, and insert the sealing ball 2037 into the outside of the radial processing hole 2036;

[0104] Step 10: Connect the cylinder head 207 to the rear end of the cylinder body 203 and the rear end of the oil drain valve sleeve 2061. The cylinder head 207 and the cylinder body 203 are sealed by a sealing ring, and the cylinder head 207 and the oil drain valve sleeve 2061 are sealed by a sealing ring;

[0105] Step 11: Insert the return plate 202, plunger 204, cylinder body 203 and cylinder cover 207 into the pump outer tube 201 as a whole, so that the top of the return plate 202 touches the tail of the gas sleeve 109, and the top of the cylinder body 203 reaches the limit step on the upper part of the pump outer tube 201;

[0106] Step 12: Insert the low-pressure pipe 2091 into the rear end of the cylinder head 207, and the two are sealed by a sealing ring; insert the high-pressure pipe 2092 into the rear end of the cylinder head 207, and pass the center through the low-pressure pipe 2091, and the two are sealed by a sealing ring;

[0107] Step 13: Insert the stop sleeve 208 into the pump outer tube 201, and form an end face seal between the head and the cylinder cover 207, and the center of the stop sleeve 208 passes through the high-pressure pipe 2092. A downhole ram-driven reciprocating plunger pump for gas drilling is assembled.

[0108] Furthermore, the working principle and working process of the entire reciprocating piston pump are as follows:

[0109] During gas drilling, the upper end of the oil replenishment pipe 105 is connected to the oil replenishment tank through a high-pressure hose, and the tail end of the pump outer tube 201 is connected to the closed-cycle hydraulic drive motor, and then the gas injection joint 1011 is connected to the drill bit and lowered into the bottom of the well. The ground equipment provides compressed gas to enter the gas injection joint 1011 through the drill bit water hole, and then passes through the flange axial air inlet hole 1022, the central groove 1031 of the upper anvil 103 and the annular area between the gas distribution valve 104, the oblique air inlet channel 1032 in the upper anvil 103, the upper gas distribution hole 1072 of the inner cylinder 107, the annular gas injection area 10121 between the inner cylinder 107 and the stamping outer tube 1012, and the lower gas distribution hole 1073 of the inner cylinder 107, and then enters the annular groove on the piston 106. Area 1067, through the first gap between the upper convex ring 1064 and the annular groove 1071 on the inner cylinder 107, enters the air intake chamber 1061 formed by the upper convex ring 1064 of the piston 106, the inner cylinder 107 and the upper anvil 103, pushes the piston 106 downward to impact the plunger 204, and then pushes the return plate 202 downward to compress the return spring 2041, compresses the space of the oil storage channel 2043, and the hydraulic oil pushes the oil discharge valve ball 2062 to compress the oil discharge valve spring 2063, the oil discharge valve ball 2062 moves downward, and the oil discharge valve inlet 20611 is opened, and the high-pressure hydraulic oil passes through the cylinder head oil discharge channel 2072 and the high-pressure oil outlet channel 2093 from the center hole of the oil discharge valve sleeve 2061 to reach the closed circulation hydraulic drive motor;

[0110] After passing through the closed-circulation hydraulic drive motor, the high-pressure oil reaches the oil inlet 20511 of the oil suction valve through the central channel of the low-pressure connecting pipe 2091, the central channel of the cylinder head 2071, the central channel of the cylinder body 2031, the radial hole 2035 of the cylinder body, and the annular oil inlet groove 2034. The hydraulic oil pushes open the oil suction valve ball 2052 and compresses the oil suction valve spring 2053. The oil suction valve ball 2052 moves downward to absorb the oil, and the oil inlet 20511 of the oil valve opens, and the hydraulic oil re-enters the oil storage channel 2043.

[0111] When the piston 106 moves downward to a low position (i.e., the bottom dead center position), the upper convex ring 1064 of the piston 106 forms a contact seal with the inner wall of the cylinder body 203, and the lower convex ring 1066 of the piston 106 forms a contact seal with the lower inner wall of the gas sleeve 109. At this time, the compressed gas provided by the ground equipment passes through the flange axial air inlet hole 1022, the annular area between the central groove 1031 of the upper anvil 103 and the gas distribution valve 104, the oblique air inlet duct 1032 in the upper anvil 103, the upper gas distribution hole 1072 of the inner cylinder 107, and the inner cylinder 107 and the gas distribution valve 104. The gas passes through the annular gas injection area 10121 between the stamped outer tube 1012 and the lower gas distribution hole 1073 of the inner cylinder 107, and then enters the annular concave area 1067 on the piston 106, and enters the exhaust chamber 1062 formed by the lower convex ring 1066 of the piston 106, the lower spacer 108 and the gas distribution sleeve 109, as well as the axial hole 1091 and the radial hole 1092 of the gas distribution sleeve through the second gap between the lower convex ring 1066 and the lower spacer 108, and enters the enclosed space to push the piston 106 upward; this reciprocating process converts the compressed gas energy into high-pressure liquid energy.

[0112] Among them, the gas still acts as a circulating medium. When the piston 106 moves downward to a low position, the upper convex ring 1064 of the piston 106 forms a contact seal with the inner wall of the cylinder body 203, and the upper end of the piston 106 is separated from the lower end of the gas distribution valve 104. The compressed gas that pushes the piston 106 downward is discharged from the intake chamber 1061 through the annular space gap between the piston center channel 1063 and the oil replenishing pipe 105, the return plate axial exhaust groove 2022, the cylinder body axial exhaust groove 2038, the cylinder head axial exhaust groove 2075, the brake sleeve axial exhaust passage 2081 and the terminal air passage in the motor.

[0113] When the piston 106 moves upward to a high position (top dead center), the central convex ring of the piston 106 forms a contact seal with the inner wall of the inner cylinder 107, and the compressed gas that pushes the piston 106 upward is discharged in sequence through the exhaust chamber 1062, the axial hole 1091 and the radial hole 1092 of the valve sleeve, the axial exhaust groove 2022 of the return plate, the axial exhaust groove 2038 of the cylinder body, the axial exhaust groove 2075 of the cylinder head, the axial exhaust passage 2081 of the brake sleeve and the terminal air passage in the motor.

[0114] In summary, the reciprocating piston pump in this embodiment has the following advantages:

[0115] (1) The entire reciprocating plunger pump is an underground power transmission device for gas drilling, a gas-liquid coupled kinetic energy conversion device, suitable for use in gas drilling, and belongs to the application of gas, hydraulic transmission and control technology in the field of oil drilling, which solves the problem of insufficient power and poor applicability of gas direct drive motor rotors due to gas compression and leakage. Incompressible hydraulic oil is used as the medium to transmit power and hydraulic motors in a closed chamber. The output power is stable and highly controllable, which can meet the needs of gas drilling, effectively solve the underground power transmission problem of gas drilling horizontal wells, directional wells and large displacement wells, and is a powerful weapon to solve the problem of directional drilling in gas drilling.

[0116] (2) The plunger reciprocating pump for gas drilling in this embodiment consists of two major parts, including a gas punching device 100 and a plunger pump device 200. The punching outer tube 1012 of the gas punching device 100 is threadedly connected to the pump outer tube 201 of the plunger pump device 200. The gas punching device 100 can convert the pressure energy of the gas into the mechanical energy of the piston 106. The plunger pump device 200 is fixedly connected to the gas punching device 100 along the same axis to produce energy-pressure conversion. The momentum is transferred to the plunger 204 through continuous impact by the impactor, which overcomes the defects of the prior art that the pneumatic piston and the hydraulic plunger are rigidly connected, resulting in poor stability, difficulty in control and small application. The prior art directly transmits power by gas. Since the gas is compressible, it is elastically driven, has poor stability and is difficult to control. This embodiment will transfer energy to the liquid by impact pressurization, and use the incompressible characteristics of the liquid to change elasticity into rigidity, thereby providing stable downhole power for gas drilling.

[0117] The above are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by any person skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principle of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A downhole punching driven reciprocating plunger pump for gas drilling, used to drive the actuator to rotate; characterized in that: The downhole punching driven reciprocating plunger pump for gas drilling comprises: A gas punching device, in which a piston capable of reciprocating up and down is provided, and the piston can realize its reciprocating movement by utilizing the working energy transmitted by the gas injected into the gas punching device; A plunger pump device, which is connected to the lower end of the gas punching device, and includes a plunger pump body and at least one plunger, at least one oil suction valve and at least one oil discharge valve. The plunger is elastically movable up and down and is arranged in the plunger pump body. The oil suction valve is arranged in the lower part of the corresponding plunger, and the oil discharge valve is arranged below the corresponding plunger. An oil storage channel is formed between the plunger and the corresponding oil discharge valve; Among them, the lower end of the plunger pump body is used to connect the actuator, and the plunger pump body is also provided with a first circulation channel and a second circulation channel; the first end of the first circulation channel can be connected to the oil outlet of the oil discharge valve at the lower end of each oil discharge valve, the second end of the first circulation channel and the first end of the second circulation channel can be connected to the high-pressure oil channel and the low-pressure oil channel in the actuator respectively, and the second end of the second circulation channel can be connected to the oil inlet of the oil suction valve at the upper end of each oil suction valve; the oil discharge valve can be in an open state during the process of the piston hitting the plunger downward, and can be in a closed state during the process of the plunger resetting upward; the oil suction valve can be in an open state during the process of the plunger resetting upward, and can be in a closed state during the process of the piston hitting the plunger downward.

2. The downhole punching driven reciprocating plunger pump for gas drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plunger pump body comprises a pump outer tube, a return plate and a pump body arranged in an up-and-down manner, the return plate being movable up and down in the pump outer tube, the pump body being relatively fixed in the pump outer tube, the upper end of the plunger passing through the return plate upward and abutting against the return plate; an axial mounting channel passing through the upper end of the pump body is provided in the pump body, and the lower part of the plunger is inserted in the axial mounting channel; A return spring is sleeved on the plunger, and two ends of the return spring respectively press against the return disk and the steps in the pump body; the oil drain valve is installed in the pump body, and the first circulation channel and the second circulation channel are both opened in the pump body.

3. The downhole punching driven reciprocating plunger pump for gas drilling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pump body comprises a cylinder body, a cylinder head and a stop sleeve which are arranged adjacent to each other from top to bottom in sequence, and a low-pressure pipe and a high-pressure pipe which are arranged in an inner and outer spaced manner are installed in the stop sleeve, and the upper ends of the low-pressure pipe and the high-pressure pipe are connected to the cylinder head; The axial mounting passage is formed in the cylinder body and passes through both ends of the cylinder body. The upper part of the oil drain valve is mounted in the axial mounting passage, and the lower part thereof is inserted in the cylinder head. A cylinder head oil drain passage is provided in the cylinder head, and the interval between the low-pressure connecting pipe and the high-pressure connecting pipe constitutes a high-pressure oil outlet passage. The cylinder head oil drain passage and the high-pressure oil outlet passage constitute the first circulation passage. A cylinder body center passage passing through the lower end of the cylinder body is provided at the center of the cylinder body, and a cylinder head center passage passing through both ends of the cylinder head is provided at the center of the cylinder head. The cylinder body center passage, the cylinder head center passage and the inner cavity of the low-pressure connecting pipe constitute the second circulation passage.

4. The downhole punching driven reciprocating plunger pump for gas drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil drain valve includes an oil drain valve sleeve, an oil drain valve ball and an oil drain valve spring arranged in the oil drain valve sleeve, the upper port and the lower port of the oil drain valve sleeve respectively constitute the oil drain valve oil inlet and the oil drain valve oil outlet, the oil drain valve ball is located below the oil drain valve oil inlet and can be pressed against and block the oil drain valve oil inlet, and the two ends of the oil drain valve spring respectively press against the oil drain valve ball and the corresponding steps in the plunger pump body.

5. The downhole punching driven reciprocating plunger pump for gas drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil suction valve includes an oil suction valve sleeve, an oil suction valve ball and an oil suction valve spring arranged in the oil suction valve sleeve, the upper port and the lower port of the oil suction valve sleeve respectively constitute the oil inlet and the oil outlet of the oil suction valve, the oil suction valve ball is located below the oil inlet of the oil suction valve and can be pressed against and block the oil inlet of the oil suction valve, and the two ends of the oil suction valve spring respectively press against the corresponding steps in the oil suction valve ball and the plunger.

6. The downhole punching driven reciprocating plunger pump for gas drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas punching device comprises a punching body, the piston is arranged in the punching body, an air intake chamber is formed between the upper part of the piston and the upper part of the punching body, and an air exhaust chamber is formed between the lower part of the piston and the lower part of the punching body; an air intake channel is also arranged in the punching body, the first end of the air intake channel can penetrate upward into the upper end of the punching body, and the second end thereof can inject air into the air intake chamber or inject air into the air exhaust chamber; the plunger pump body is provided with an air exhaust channel which can penetrate the bottom thereof; The gas injected into the intake channel can enter the intake chamber and can push the piston downward, so that the volume of the intake chamber becomes larger, and at the same time compresses the exhaust chamber to reduce its volume; when the intake chamber is connected with the exhaust channel, the gas in the intake chamber can be discharged outward, and the gas injected into the intake channel can push the piston upward, so that the volume of the exhaust chamber becomes larger, and at the same time compresses the intake chamber to reduce its volume; when the piston returns to its original position, the exhaust chamber can be connected with the exhaust channel and exhaust gas outward.

7. The downhole punching driven reciprocating plunger pump for gas drilling according to claim 6, characterized in that: The piston has a central piston channel running through both ends thereof, the outer wall of the piston is provided with an upper convex ring, a middle convex ring and a lower convex ring arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the outer wall of the piston and the area between the upper convex ring and the lower convex ring constitutes an annular concave area, and the air intake channel can be connected to the annular concave area; The stamping body comprises a stamping outer cylinder, a fixing column and a gas distribution valve, wherein the fixing column is relatively fixedly arranged in the upper part of the stamping outer cylinder, the piston is arranged in the lower part of the stamping outer cylinder, the upper part of the gas distribution valve is installed in the center of the fixing column, and the lower part thereof can be inserted in the central channel of the piston; the inner wall of the stamping outer cylinder and located below the fixing column are formed with a first step hole, a second step hole and a third step hole connected in sequence from top to bottom, an annular groove is formed on the hole wall of the first step hole, and the aperture of the second step hole is larger than that of the first step hole. The diameter of the first stepped hole is smaller than that of the first stepped hole; the annular space between the upper convex ring and the bottom of the fixing column constitutes the air intake chamber, and the annular area between the middle convex ring and the upper shoulder of the third stepped hole constitutes the exhaust chamber; an outer cylinder exhaust passage is formed in the lower side wall of the stamped outer cylinder, the upper end of the outer cylinder exhaust passage is connected to the exhaust chamber, and the lower end thereof can radially penetrate the inner wall of the stamped outer cylinder and be connected to the third stepped hole, and the third stepped hole can be connected to the exhaust passage; The upper end of the piston can be abutted against the bottom surface of the fixing column or the middle convex block can be abutted against the upper hole shoulder of the third stepped hole; when the piston is abutted against the fixing column, the side wall of the upper convex ring can form a first gap with the groove bottom of the annular groove and can be connected with the air intake chamber and the annular concave area, the side wall of the middle convex ring can be contacted and sealed with the hole wall of the first stepped hole, the side wall of the lower convex ring can be contacted and sealed with the hole wall of the third stepped hole, and the second end of the outer tube exhaust passage is located below the lower convex ring; when the middle convex ring is located in the second stepped hole, the middle convex ring can form a second gap with the hole wall of the second stepped hole and can be connected with the annular concave area and the exhaust chamber, the side wall of the upper convex ring can be contacted and sealed with the hole wall of the first stepped hole, and the second end of the outer tube exhaust passage can be located above the lower convex ring.

8. The downhole punching driven reciprocating plunger pump for gas drilling according to claim 7, characterized in that: The stamping device also includes an oil supply pipe, the upper part of which is installed in the fixed column and can be connected to the pipe joint at the top of the fixed column, and the lower part of which passes downward through the gas distribution valve and the piston center channel in sequence and extends into the plunger pump body to be connected to the second circulation channel.

9. The downhole punching driven reciprocating plunger pump for gas drilling according to claim 8, characterized in that: An axial air inlet and an oblique air inlet are provided in the fixed column, the upper end of the axial air inlet is upwardly connected to the upper port of the stamping outer cylinder, and the lower end thereof is connected to the inner end of the oblique air inlet; an annular air injection area is formed in the side wall of the stamping outer cylinder, the outer end of the oblique air inlet can be connected to the annular air injection area, and a plurality of lower air distribution holes are opened in the circumferential direction of the lower part of the inner wall of the stamping outer cylinder corresponding to the annular air injection area, and the lower air distribution holes are connected to the annular air injection area and the annular concave area; the upper end inner cavity of the stamping outer cylinder, the axial air inlet, the oblique air inlet, the annular air injection area and the lower air distribution holes constitute the air inlet channel.

10. The downhole punching driven reciprocating plunger pump for gas drilling according to claim 9, characterized in that: The stamping outer cylinder comprises an injection joint and a stamping outer tube connected vertically, and an inner cylinder, a lower spacer and a gas distribution sleeve arranged in the stamping outer tube and arranged adjacently from top to bottom in sequence, the fixing column comprises an upper flange and an upper anvil arranged adjacently from top to bottom, and the lower part of the upper anvil is inserted into the upper end of the inner cylinder; The upper flange has a flange center hole and a plurality of flange axial air inlet holes arranged at circumferential intervals. A central groove is provided on the upper part of the upper anvil. The upper part of the gas distribution valve is installed in the central groove. The upper end of the gas distribution valve and the upper end of the oil replenishing pipe are axially limited in the upper flange, and the lower part of the gas distribution valve passes downward through the upper anvil; the plurality of flange axial air inlet holes and the annular area between the central groove and the gas distribution valve constitute the axial air inlet channel, the number of the oblique air inlet channels is multiple and they are circumferentially spaced in the upper anvil, and the lower outer wall of the upper anvil is provided with an annular channel connected to each of the oblique air inlet channels; an air injection groove is formed on the upper inner wall of the stamping outer tube, and the air injection groove and the outer wall of the inner cylinder form the annular air injection area, the annular channel is connected to the annular air injection area through a plurality of upper air distribution holes provided in the circumference of the inner cylinder, and the lower air distribution hole is provided on the inner cylinder; The inner cavity of the inner cylinder constitutes the first stepped hole, the inner cavity of the lower spacer constitutes the second stepped hole, and the inner cavity of the gas sleeve constitutes the third stepped hole; a plurality of gas sleeve axial holes and a plurality of gas sleeve radial holes are circumferentially spaced apart on the upper part of the gas sleeve, the upper ends of the gas sleeve axial holes are connected with the exhaust chamber, and the lower ends of the gas sleeve axial holes can be connected with the inner cavity of the gas sleeve through the corresponding gas sleeve radial holes, and the plurality of gas sleeve axial holes and the plurality of gas sleeve radial holes constitute the outer cylinder exhaust duct.

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