Buffer device for horizontal impact test of unmanned aerial vehicle and use method

Abstract

The invention discloses a buffer device for a horizontal impact test of an unmanned aerial vehicle and a using method, the buffer device for the horizontal impact test of the unmanned aerial vehicle comprises an aluminum alloy box type structure, a hydraulic telescopic rod and a combined buffer block, and the hydraulic telescopic rod and the combined buffer block are both arranged in the aluminum alloy box type structure; a main control panel is installed on the front face of the aluminum alloy box type structure and comprises a touch central control screen and an emergency stop reset button. Ventilation observation groove holes are formed in the left side face and the right side face of the aluminum alloy box type structure. According to the buffer device for the horizontal impact test of the unmanned aerial vehicle and the use method, the loading sliding table of the unmanned aerial vehicle with different take-off weights and different maximum level flight speeds can be blocked, after the buffer device is impacted by the loading sliding table, the buffer device can start a locking mechanism in time, and the situation that the deformed buffer layer pushes the loading sliding table reversely is effectively prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of collision safety testing of unmanned aerial vehicles, and in particular relates to a buffer device for horizontal impact testing of unmanned aerial vehicles and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the vigorous development of my country's low-altitude economy, drones are widely used in transportation and logistics, environmental monitoring, power inspection and other fields. During the operation of drones, collision accidents with other targets due to failure of safety measures or operational errors occur from time to time, and the collision safety of drones has become a focus of increasing public attention.

[0003] At present, the country has formulated and standardized relevant test standards for drone collision safety, aiming to minimize the damage caused by drones to the human body during and after the drone collision process. In the national standard GB / T 44715-2024 "Civil Light and Small Drone Collision Safety Requirements" Appendix A.4 Drone Collision Personnel Injury Test (Blunt Injury Test) and the industry standard HB 8685-2021 "Civil Light and Small Drone Collision Safety Test Method: Horizontal Impact Test" Clause 7.3.3 Test Loading, similar drone horizontal collision test schematics are given, such as Figure 1 shown.

[0004] A buffer device is needed in all tests, and it is clearly required that the loading slide can be blocked at the end of the slide rail, and cannot interfere with the movement trajectory of the UAV, and cannot push the loading slide in the reverse direction. Therefore, a buffer device and a method for using it for a horizontal impact test of a UAV are proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a buffer device and a method of use for a horizontal impact test of an unmanned aerial vehicle, so as to be able to intercept a loading slide equipped with unmanned aerial vehicles of different take-off weights and different maximum level flight speeds. After being impacted by the loading slide, the buffer device can promptly activate the locking mechanism to effectively prevent the deformed buffer layer from pushing the loading slide in reverse.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a buffer device for a horizontal impact test of an unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising an aluminum alloy box structure, a hydraulic telescopic rod and a combined buffer block, wherein the hydraulic telescopic rod and the combined buffer block are both built into the aluminum alloy box structure, wherein:

[0007] A main control panel is installed in the front of the aluminum alloy box structure, and the main control panel includes a touch central control screen and an emergency stop reset button; the left and right sides of the aluminum alloy box structure are provided with ventilation observation slots (used for gas circulation in the box during the collision test and for observing and judging whether the internal combined buffer block and other component structures are normal); a first displacement sensor and a first limit device are installed inside the upper top surface of the aluminum alloy box structure; a second displacement sensor and a second limit device are installed inside the lower bottom surface of the aluminum alloy box structure; the rear of the aluminum alloy box structure is open and serves as the impact collision surface of the slide (the ultra-light aluminum alloy material shell is not installed, and the internal combined buffer block is impact-collided);

[0008] The combined buffer block is composed of a plurality of identical buffer monomers stacked together (with strong impact resistance and energy absorption effect), the buffer monomer includes an upper layer, a lower layer, and N layers of tightly matched 3D printed structural layers located between the upper layer and the lower layer (the upper layer and the lower layer are high-strength, high-modulus square carbon plates made of T800 carbon fiber composite materials, which shape and lighten the buffer monomer), the shape of the smallest unit of the 3D printed structural layer is an equilateral triangle, and the 3D printed structural layer is composed of the smallest units co-spreading each other;

[0009] The first limit device and the second limit device cooperate with the hydraulic telescopic rod to keep the combined buffer block fixed during the entire test process. The first displacement sensor and the second displacement sensor (with millisecond-level dynamic response and micron-level measurement accuracy) are respectively attached to the upper and lower sides of the buffer monomer of the first collision of the combined buffer block, and detect the deformation and position information of the combined buffer block in real time during the test, and feed it back to the main control panel to start the locking mechanism.

[0010] As a further preferred technical solution of the above technical solution, the touch central control screen is used to control the movement of the hydraulic telescopic rod of the internal scissors-type mechanical structure, collect position information of the first displacement sensor and the second displacement sensor, and control the action of the first limit device and the second limit device; the emergency stop reset button is used for emergency stop of operational failures of various components of the entire buffer device, reset the hydraulic telescopic rod to the minimum contraction state, and release the locking state of the first limit device and the second limit device.

[0011] As a further preferred technical solution of the above technical solution, a plurality of high-strength positioning plates welded by double-pulse MIG method are arranged around the lower bottom surface, which are connected to the cement floor or fixed bracket with fastening bolts to fix the entire buffer device (to prevent the buffer device from being displaced due to excessive collision kinetic energy during the test); a plurality of screw holes are reserved on the upper top surface, and lifting rings for overhead cranes are installed (to facilitate transportation of the device after disassembly and assembly).

[0012] As a further preferred technical solution of the above technical solution, (large diameter) circular bridging points are printed at the common vertices of the smallest unit for connecting adjacent 3D printed structural layers, and the bridging parts (L1, L2, ..., Ln) of the 3D printed structural layers are printed out into cylindrical bridging bodies of equal specifications according to the circular bridging points (the height of the cylindrical bridging body is similar to the side length of the smallest unit of the 3D printed structural layer, and the diameter is significantly larger than the axial line diameter of the smallest unit of the 3D printed structural layer).

[0013] As a further preferred technical solution of the above technical solution, the first limit device and the second limit device both have linear slide rails and magnetic limit blocks. During the collision test, the magnetic limit blocks are used to lock the combined buffer blocks to prevent the deformed combined buffer blocks from recovering, thereby pushing the slide table in the opposite direction; the hydraulic telescopic rod is equipped with an ultra-light aluminum alloy flat plate, and the telescopic amount is adjusted according to the number of buffer units of the combined buffer blocks.

[0014] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a method for using a buffer device for a horizontal impact test of an unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising the following steps:

[0015] Step S1: Position and install the buffer device, install a lifting ring on the upper surface of the aluminum alloy box structure of the buffer device, use the overhead crane to dispatch the buffer device, and install it at the end of the slide rail of the UAV horizontal collision test; according to the requirements of the size of the slide and the specifications of the test product, multiple positioning plates of the same type are stacked around the lower bottom surface, and the overall height of the buffer device is adjusted to ensure that the slide can completely collide with the internal combined buffer block during the test; reasonably place the test product on the slide, leaving a distance for the slide to collide with the embedded buffer device part, so as to avoid interfering with the inertial motion trajectory of the UAV after the collision;

[0016] Step S2: Select a buffer unit to construct a combined buffer block and calculate the collision kinetic energy E that the power loading device needs to apply. DN , comparing the calculated results with the standard crash hazard level classification, so as to determine the number of buffer monomers for constructing the combined buffer block;

[0017] Step S3: The buffer device installs a combined buffer block, the first displacement sensor and the second displacement sensor are respectively fitted with the upper and lower sides of the first collision buffer unit of the combined buffer block, and then the combined buffer block is pushed in from the back of the buffer device, and the magnetic limit blocks of the first limit device and the second limit device are installed in the initial position, that is, the end of the linear slide rail close to the collision side; at this time, there is no need to apply magnetic force, and the magnetic limit block is in a free state, but the end of the linear slide rail can lock and stop the magnetic limit block from sliding outward; the movement of the hydraulic telescopic rod is controlled by the main control panel to drive the ultra-light aluminum alloy plate to push the combined buffer block to the back of the buffer device until it contacts the first limit device and the second limit device, and then apply thrust, at this time, the combined buffer block is in a collision-ready state;

[0018] Step S4: Observe and judge whether the mechanical coordination of the internal component structure is normal in the ventilation observation slot, start the horizontal collision test, lock the magnetic limit block and the hydraulic telescopic rod, and the slide impacts the combined buffer block. If the collision kinetic energy is too large, the cylindrical bridge body of the 3D printed structural layer of each buffer monomer in the combined buffer block will produce different degrees of deformation to achieve the purpose of energy release; at this time, the first displacement sensor and the second displacement sensor measure the position change of the combined buffer block due to deformation in real time, and feed it back to the main control panel. The main control panel continuously optimizes and adjusts the limit planning of the magnetic limit block through the optimization algorithm model according to the real-time measured deformation displacement, the preset collision kinetic energy, the collision contact area, and the relevant structural parameters of the combined buffer block, to ensure that the combined buffer block can be locked in time under the maximum deformation state, and effectively prevent the deformation recovery from pushing the slide in the opposite direction;

[0019] Step S5: End the horizontal collision test and the emergency stop due to faults during the test. After the horizontal collision test is ended and the slide is removed, the locking state of the magnetic limit block is released, the deformation of the combined buffer block is restored, and the central processing unit in the main control panel automatically records the key parameters and limiting effects of the above-mentioned limiting process, which is conducive to the optimization of the limit planning model; to ensure the safety of the test, the main control panel has a self-check function for key components. If the control and communication of the magnetic limit block, displacement sensor, and hydraulic telescopic rod fail, the buffer device will alarm; if an emergency failure occurs during the test, press the emergency stop reset button and the buffer device will stop operating; press and hold the emergency stop reset button to reset the hydraulic telescopic rod to the minimum contraction state, release the locking state of the first limit device and the second limit device, and reset them. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is the schematic diagram of the UAV horizontal collision test.

[0021] Figure 2 It is the overall appearance structure of the buffer device of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a left side cross-sectional view of the buffer device of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the buffer monomer of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the 3D printing layer of the present invention.

[0025] The reference numerals include: 101, main control panel; 102, front face; 103, lower bottom surface; 104, positioning plate; 105, left side surface; 106, ventilation observation slot; 107, upper top surface; 108, lifting ring; 109, right side surface; 201, hydraulic telescopic rod; 202, ultra-light aluminum alloy plate; 3, combined buffer block; 401, first displacement sensor; 402, second displacement sensor; 51, first limit device; 52, second limit device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are only examples, and those skilled in the art can think of other obvious variations. The basic principles of the present invention defined in the following description can be applied to other embodiments, variations, improvements, equivalents, and other technical solutions that do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

[0027] In the preferred embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art should note that the drones and the like involved in the present invention may be regarded as prior art.

[0028] Preferred embodiments.

[0029] for Figure 1 , A is the power loading device; B is the locking and releasing device; C is the (loading) slide; D is the drone; E is the slide rail; F is the buffer device; G is the high-speed camera; H is the dummy; I is the dummy support mechanism. The main test steps are as follows:

[0030] a) Obtain the loading parameters required for the maximum level flight speed of the test object by debugging the power loading device, and debug the data acquisition system and high-speed camera system, etc.;

[0031] b) The test object is installed on the slide, and the locking and releasing device locks the slide;

[0032] c) Adjust the height and posture of the dummy so that the impact position of the test object is directly against the forehead or chest of the dummy;

[0033] d) Launch the test product after the test loading device, data acquisition system, high-speed camera and test personnel are ready;

[0034] e) Collect test data;

[0035] f) Check the deformation and damage of the test product and fill in the test site record form;

[0036] g) Experimental data analysis.

[0037] A buffer device is required in all tests, with clear requirements that it can block the loading slide at the end of the slide rail, cannot interfere with the movement trajectory of the UAV, and cannot push the loading slide in the opposite direction.

[0038] like Figure 2-5 As shown, the present invention discloses a buffer device for a horizontal impact test of a drone, comprising an aluminum alloy box structure, a hydraulic telescopic rod 201 and a combined buffer block 3, wherein the hydraulic telescopic rod 201 and the combined buffer block 3 are both built into the aluminum alloy box structure, wherein:

[0039] The front face 102 of the aluminum alloy box-type structure is provided with a main control panel 101, and the main control panel 101 includes a touch central control screen and an emergency stop reset button; the left side 105 and the right side 109 of the aluminum alloy box-type structure are provided with ventilation observation slots 106 (used for gas circulation in the box during the collision test and for observing and judging whether the structure of components such as the internal combined buffer block is normal); the interior of the upper top surface 107 of the aluminum alloy box-type structure is provided with a first displacement sensor 401 and a first limit device 51; the interior of the lower bottom surface 103 of the aluminum alloy box-type structure is provided with a second displacement sensor 402 and a second limit device 52; the rear face of the aluminum alloy box-type structure is open and serves as the impact collision surface of the slide (the ultra-light aluminum alloy material housing is not installed, and the internal combined buffer block is impact-collided);

[0040] The combined buffer block 3 is composed of a plurality of identical buffer monomers stacked together (with strong impact resistance and energy absorption effect), and the buffer monomer includes an upper layer P1, a lower layer P2, and N layers of tightly matched 3D printed structural layers Tn located between the upper layer P1 and the lower layer P2 (the 3D printed structural layer Tn is bonded to the upper layer P1 and the lower layer P2 by composite adhesive, and the upper layer and the lower layer are high-strength, high-modulus square carbon plates made of T800 carbon fiber composite materials, which shape and lighten the buffer monomer, and the 3D printed structural layers (T1, T2, ..., Tn) are formed by fused deposition printing, and the preferred material is polyurethane (PU), which has a certain toughness), and the shape of the smallest unit of the 3D printed structural layer is an equilateral triangle, and the 3D printed structural layer is composed of the smallest units co-spreading each other;

[0041] The first limit device 51 and the second limit device 52 cooperate with the hydraulic telescopic rod 201 to keep the combined buffer block 3 fixed during the entire test process. The first displacement sensor 401 and the second displacement sensor 402 (with millisecond-level dynamic response and micron-level measurement accuracy) are respectively attached to the upper and lower sides of the first collision buffer unit of the combined buffer block 3, and detect the deformation and position information of the combined buffer block 3 during the test in real time, and feed it back to the main control panel 101 to start the locking mechanism.

[0042] Specifically, the touch central control screen is used to control the movement of the hydraulic telescopic rod 102 of the internal scissors-type mechanical structure, collect the position information of the first displacement sensor 401 and the second displacement sensor 402, and control the action of the first limit device 51 and the second limit device 52; the emergency stop reset button is used for emergency stop of operational failures of various components of the entire buffer device, reset the hydraulic telescopic rod 201 to the minimum contraction state, and release the locking state of the first limit device 51 and the second limit device 52.

[0043] More specifically, the lower bottom surface 103 is surrounded by a plurality of high-strength positioning plates 104 welded by the double-pulse MIG method, which are connected to the cement floor or a fixed bracket with fastening bolts to fix the entire buffer device (to prevent the buffer device from being displaced due to excessive collision kinetic energy during the test); the upper top surface 107 has a plurality of screw holes reserved and is equipped with a lifting ring 108 for overhead lifting (to facilitate transportation of the device after disassembly and assembly).

[0044] Furthermore, (large diameter) circular bridging points are printed at the common vertices of the smallest unit for connecting adjacent 3D printed structural layers, and the bridging parts (L1, L2, ..., Ln) of the 3D printed structural layers are printed out into cylindrical bridging bodies of equal specifications according to the circular bridging points (the height of the cylindrical bridging body is similar to the side length of the smallest unit of the 3D printed structural layer, and the diameter is significantly larger than the axial line diameter of the smallest unit of the 3D printed structural layer).

[0045] Furthermore, the first limit device 51 and the second limit device 52 both have linear slide rails (511, 521) and magnetic limit blocks (512, 522). During the collision test, the magnetic limit blocks (512, 522) are used to lock the combined buffer block to prevent the deformed combined buffer block from recovering, thereby pushing the slide table in the opposite direction; the hydraulic telescopic rod 201 is equipped with an ultra-light aluminum alloy plate 202, and the telescopic amount is adjusted according to the number of buffer units of the combined buffer block 3.

[0046] The present invention also discloses a method for using a buffer device for a horizontal impact test of an unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising the following steps:

[0047] Step S1: Position and install the buffer device. The upper top surface 107 of the aluminum alloy box structure of the buffer device is installed with a lifting ring 108. The buffer device is dispatched by a crane and installed at the terminal of the slide rail E of the UAV horizontal collision test. According to the size of the slide C and the requirements of the specifications of the test product (UAV), multiple positioning plates 104 of the same type are stacked around the lower bottom surface 103 to adjust the overall height of the buffer device to ensure that the slide C can completely collide with the internal combined buffer block 3 during the test. The test product (UAV) is reasonably placed on the position of the slide C, leaving a distance for the slide to collide with the embedded part of the buffer device to avoid interfering with the inertial motion trajectory of the UAV after the collision.

[0048] Step S2: Select buffer monomers to construct a combined buffer block (according to Article 4.17 of GB / T 35018-2018 "Classification and classification of civil unmanned aircraft systems": Classification based on crash hazards), and calculate the collision kinetic energy E that the power loading device A needs to apply DN , and compare the calculated results with the standard crash hazard classification to determine the number of buffer units to construct the combined buffer block ( E DN is the flight impact kinetic energy, in joule (J); m is the operating mass of the unmanned aerial vehicle, in kilograms (kg); V DN is the equivalent speed (1.4 times the maximum flight speed), in meters per second (m / s). In order to take into account the reliability of the subsequent limit locking function, the calculation results are compared with the crash hazard classification of the standard. If it belongs to Class I (kinetic energy ≤ 10kJ) and Class II (10kJ < kinetic energy ≤ 95kJ), select 2 buffer monomers to construct a combined buffer block 3; if it belongs to Class III (95kJ < kinetic energy ≤ 1000kJ), select 3 to 20 buffer monomers to construct a combined buffer block 3; if it belongs to Class IV (kinetic energy > 1000kJ), select more than 20 buffer monomers to construct a combined buffer block 3, or use buffer monomers with more 3D printed structural layers (T1, T2, ..., Tn) to construct a suitable combined buffer block 3).

[0049] Step S3: The buffer device installs the combined buffer block 3, the first displacement sensor 401 and the second displacement sensor 402 are respectively fitted with the upper and lower sides of the first collision buffer monomer of the combined buffer block, and then the combined buffer block 3 is pushed in from the back of the buffer device, and the magnetic limit blocks (512, 522) of the first limit device 51 and the second limit device 52 are installed in the initial position, that is, the end of the linear slide rail (511, 521) close to the collision side; at this time, there is no need to apply magnetic force, and the magnetic limit blocks (512, 522) are in a free state, but the end of the linear slide rail (511, 521) can lock and stop the magnetic limit blocks from sliding outward; the movement of the hydraulic telescopic rod 201 is controlled by the main control panel 101, and the ultra-light aluminum alloy plate 202 is driven to push the combined buffer block 3 to the back of the buffer device until it contacts the first limit device 51 and the second limit device 52, and then a thrust of (3N to 5N) is applied, and at this time the combined buffer block 3 is in a collision-ready state;

[0050] Step S4: Observe and judge whether the mechanical coordination of the internal component structure is normal in the ventilation observation slot 106, start the horizontal collision test, lock the magnetic limit blocks (512, 522) and the hydraulic telescopic rod 201, and the slide C impacts and collides with the combined buffer block 3. If the collision kinetic energy is too large, the cylindrical bridge body (L1, L2, ..., Ln) of the 3D printed structural layer of each buffer monomer in the combined buffer block 3 will produce different degrees of deformation to achieve the purpose of energy release; at this time, the first displacement sensor and the second displacement sensor (401, 402) measure the position change of the combined buffer block 3 due to the deformation in real time, and feed it back to the main control panel 101. The main control panel 101 measures the position change of the combined buffer block 3 due to the deformation in real time and the preset collision displacement. The collision kinetic energy, collision contact area, and related structural parameters of the combined buffer block 3 are continuously optimized and adjusted through the optimization algorithm model to optimize the limit planning of the magnetic limit blocks (512, 522) (including parameters such as motion acceleration, magnetic loading and unloading time, and magnetic application value), to ensure that the combined buffer block 3 can be locked in time under the maximum deformation state, and effectively prevent deformation recovery and reverse push-up of the slide C (it can be clearly understood that, under the premise of meeting the buffer function of each fall and collision hazard level, the more buffer monomers stacked in the combined buffer block 3, the more complex the internal mechanical mechanism of the combined buffer block 3, and the more difficult it is for the limit device (51, 52) to achieve efficient locking. Therefore, step S3 gives the number of buffer monomer combinations corresponding to different fall and collision hazard levels);

[0051] Step S5: End the horizontal collision test and the emergency stop for faults during the test. After the horizontal collision test is ended and the slide C is removed, the locking state of the magnetic limit blocks (512, 522) is released, the combined buffer block 3 is deformed and restored, and the central processing unit in the main control panel 101 automatically records the key parameters and limiting effects of the above-mentioned limiting process, which is conducive to the optimization of the limiting planning model; to ensure the safety of the test, the main control panel 101 has a key component self-checking function. If the control and communication of the magnetic limit blocks (512, 522), displacement sensors (401, 402), and hydraulic telescopic rods 201 fail, the buffer device alarms; if an emergency failure occurs during the test, press the emergency stop reset button and the buffer device stops operating; (if necessary) long press the emergency stop reset button to reset the hydraulic telescopic rod 201 to the minimum contraction state, release the locking state of the first limit device 51 and the second limit device 52, and reset them.

[0052] It is worth mentioning that the technical features such as drones involved in the patent application of this invention should be regarded as prior art. The specific structure, working principle and possible control method and spatial layout method of these technical features can be selected according to the conventional selection in the field, and should not be regarded as the inventive point of the patent of this invention. The patent of this invention will not be further elaborated.

[0053] For those skilled in the art, it is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A buffer device for a horizontal impact test of an unmanned aerial vehicle, characterized in that: It includes an aluminum alloy box structure, a hydraulic telescopic rod and a combined buffer block, wherein the hydraulic telescopic rod and the combined buffer block are both built in the aluminum alloy box structure, wherein: A main control panel is installed in the front of the aluminum alloy box structure, and the main control panel includes a touch central control screen and an emergency stop reset button; ventilation observation slots are provided on the left and right sides of the aluminum alloy box structure; a first displacement sensor and a first limit device are installed inside the upper top surface of the aluminum alloy box structure; a second displacement sensor and a second limit device are installed inside the lower bottom surface of the aluminum alloy box structure; the rear of the aluminum alloy box structure is open and serves as an impact collision surface of the slide; The combined buffer block is formed by stacking a plurality of identical buffer monomers, wherein the buffer monomers include an upper layer, a lower layer, and N layers of tightly matched 3D printed structural layers located between the upper layer and the lower layer, wherein the shape of the smallest unit of the 3D printed structural layer is an equilateral triangle, and the 3D printed structural layer is formed by the smallest units being spread out on the same edge; The first limit device and the second limit device cooperate with the hydraulic telescopic rod to keep the combined buffer block fixed during the entire test process. The first displacement sensor and the second displacement sensor are respectively attached to the upper and lower sides of the first collision buffer unit of the combined buffer block, and detect the deformation amount and position information of the combined buffer block during the test in real time, and feed it back to the main control panel to start the locking mechanism.

2. The buffer device for horizontal impact test of unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The touch central control screen is used to control the movement of the hydraulic telescopic rod of the internal scissor-type mechanical structure, collect position information of the first displacement sensor and the second displacement sensor, and control the action of the first limit device and the second limit device; the emergency stop reset button is used for emergency stop of operational failures of various components of the entire buffer device, reset the hydraulic telescopic rod to the minimum contraction state, and release the locking state of the first limit device and the second limit device.

3. The buffer device for horizontal impact test of unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower bottom surface is surrounded by multiple high-strength positioning plates welded by double-pulse MIG method, which are connected to the cement floor or fixed bracket with fastening bolts to fix the entire buffer device; the upper top surface is reserved with multiple screw holes and is equipped with lifting rings for overhead lifting.

4. The buffer device for horizontal impact test of unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: Circular bridging points are printed at the common vertices of the smallest unit to connect adjacent 3D printed structural layers. The bridging part of the 3D printed structural layer is printed out into cylindrical bridging bodies of equal specifications based on the circular bridging points.

5. The buffer device for horizontal impact test of unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first limiting device and the second limiting device both have a linear slide rail and a magnetic limiting block. During the collision test, the magnetic limiting block is used to lock the combined buffer block to prevent the deformed combined buffer block from recovering, thereby pushing the slide table in the reverse direction; The hydraulic telescopic rod is equipped with an ultra-light aluminum alloy flat plate, and the telescopic amount is adjusted according to the number of buffer units of the combined buffer block.

6. A method for using a buffer device for a horizontal impact test of an unmanned aerial vehicle, applied to a buffer device for a horizontal impact test of an unmanned aerial vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: Position and install the buffer device, install a lifting ring on the upper surface of the aluminum alloy box structure of the buffer device, use the overhead crane to dispatch the buffer device, and install it at the end of the slide rail of the UAV horizontal collision test; according to the requirements of the size of the slide and the specifications of the test product, multiple positioning plates of the same type are stacked around the lower bottom surface, and the overall height of the buffer device is adjusted to ensure that the slide can completely collide with the internal combined buffer block during the test; reasonably place the test product on the slide, leaving a distance for the slide to collide with the embedded buffer device part, so as to avoid interfering with the inertial motion trajectory of the UAV after the collision; Step S2: Select a buffer unit to construct a combined buffer block and calculate the collision kinetic energy E that the power loading device needs to apply. DN , comparing the calculated results with the standard crash hazard level classification, so as to determine the number of buffer monomers for constructing the combined buffer block; Step S3: The buffer device installs a combined buffer block, the first displacement sensor and the second displacement sensor are respectively fitted with the upper and lower sides of the first collision buffer unit of the combined buffer block, and then the combined buffer block is pushed in from the back of the buffer device, and the magnetic limit blocks of the first limit device and the second limit device are installed in the initial position, that is, the end of the linear slide rail close to the collision side; at this time, there is no need to apply magnetic force, and the magnetic limit block is in a free state, but the end of the linear slide rail can lock and stop the magnetic limit block from sliding outward; the movement of the hydraulic telescopic rod is controlled by the main control panel to drive the ultra-light aluminum alloy plate to push the combined buffer block to the back of the buffer device until it contacts the first limit device and the second limit device, and then apply thrust, at this time, the combined buffer block is in a collision-ready state; Step S4: Observe and judge whether the mechanical coordination of the internal component structure is normal in the ventilation observation slot, start the horizontal collision test, lock the magnetic limit block and the hydraulic telescopic rod, and the slide impacts the combined buffer block. If the collision kinetic energy is too large, the cylindrical bridge body of the 3D printed structural layer of each buffer monomer in the combined buffer block will produce different degrees of deformation to achieve the purpose of energy release; at this time, the first displacement sensor and the second displacement sensor measure the position change of the combined buffer block due to deformation in real time, and feed it back to the main control panel. The main control panel continuously optimizes and adjusts the limit planning of the magnetic limit block through the optimization algorithm model according to the real-time measured deformation displacement, the preset collision kinetic energy, the collision contact area, and the relevant structural parameters of the combined buffer block, to ensure that the combined buffer block can be locked in time under the maximum deformation state, and effectively prevent the deformation recovery from pushing the slide in the opposite direction; Step S5: End the horizontal collision test and the emergency stop due to faults during the test. After the horizontal collision test is ended and the slide is removed, the locking state of the magnetic limit block is released, the deformation of the combined buffer block is restored, and the central processing unit in the main control panel automatically records the key parameters and limiting effects of the above-mentioned limiting process, which is conducive to the optimization of the limit planning model; to ensure the safety of the test, the main control panel has a self-check function for key components. If the control and communication of the magnetic limit block, displacement sensor, and hydraulic telescopic rod fail, the buffer device will alarm; if an emergency failure occurs during the test, press the emergency stop reset button and the buffer device will stop operating; press and hold the emergency stop reset button to reset the hydraulic telescopic rod to the minimum contraction state, release the locking state of the first limit device and the second limit device, and reset them.

Images