A lithium iron phosphate electrolyte recovery device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a lithium iron phosphate electrolyte recovery device, which relates to the technical field of lithium battery electrolyte recovery, including a pyrolysis furnace, the pyrolysis furnace is fixedly connected with a combustion chamber, a separation frame is rotatably connected in the pyrolysis furnace, a first gear is fixedly connected to one side of the separation frame, a filter is fixedly connected to the side of the pyrolysis furnace close to the first gear, the pyrolysis furnace is connected with a discharge pipe, the pyrolysis furnace is connected with an exhaust pipe, the pyrolysis furnace is provided with a distillation channel, and the distillation channel is connected with the pyrolysis furnace. The present invention rotates the separation frame in the pyrolysis furnace, and continuously performs solid-liquid separation pyrolysis on the material without affecting the entry of subsequent materials. In this way, the pretreatment operation is simplified, so that the electrolyte does not need to be separated from the battery waste before pyrolysis, and the solid material is prevented from hindering the effective transfer of heat to the liquid material, and the solid material is prevented from clogging the pyrolysis equipment, thereby improving the efficiency of material pyrolysis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lithium battery electrolyte recovery, and in particular to a lithium iron phosphate electrolyte recovery device. Background Art

[0002] For the recycling of lithium iron phosphate battery (LiFePO4) electrolyte, pyrolysis can effectively destroy harmful components and recover valuable materials.

[0003] In the existing pyrolysis treatment process, the pyrolysis recovery process of lithium iron phosphate electrolyte usually adopts an overall or step-by-step pyrolysis treatment method. Among them, the overall pyrolysis treatment method is to put the treated battery component materials (including positive electrode, negative electrode materials, a small amount of unseparated diaphragm and residual electrolyte mixed in the materials) into the pyrolysis furnace after the battery is initially disassembled or crushed, and gradually heat it to a predetermined temperature in an oxygen-free or low-oxygen environment, so that the organic solvent in the electrolyte undergoes thermal decomposition to obtain gas, liquid and solid residues.

[0004] Although this method simplifies the pretreatment step (separating the electrolyte from the battery waste by physical or chemical means), the lack of an effective separation mechanism causes the solid particles in the disassembled or crushed battery components to mix with the liquid products. The solid particles may hinder the effective transfer of heat to the liquid, resulting in some areas being unable to reach the ideal pyrolysis temperature. It is also easy to cause uneven heating, affecting the overall heat transfer efficiency. In addition, solid particles can easily clog the pyrolysis equipment, affecting the pyrolysis efficiency and product quality. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the disadvantage of lacking an effective separation mechanism, the present invention provides a lithium iron phosphate electrolyte recovery device.

[0006] A lithium iron phosphate electrolyte recovery device comprises a pyrolysis furnace, the pyrolysis furnace is fixedly connected to a combustion chamber, a separation frame for solid-liquid separation is rotatably connected in the pyrolysis furnace, a first gear is fixedly connected to one side of the separation frame, a filter is fixedly connected to the side of the pyrolysis furnace close to the first gear, a discharge pipe is connected to the pyrolysis furnace, an exhaust pipe is connected to the pyrolysis furnace, a distillation channel is opened in the pyrolysis furnace, the distillation channel is connected to the pyrolysis furnace, a distillation chamber is opened in the pyrolysis furnace, the distillation chamber is connected to the distillation channel, an adjustment plate is rotatably connected in the exhaust pipe, a condensation channel is opened in the pyrolysis furnace, the condensation channel is connected to the distillation chamber, the pyrolysis furnace is connected to a nitrogen pipe, the distillation chamber is provided with an adjustment component for adjusting the adaptive deflection of the adjustment plate, and the pyrolysis furnace is provided with a drive component for driving the separation frame to rotate.

[0007] In one embodiment, the adjustment assembly includes a floating frame, the floating frame is slidably connected to the distillation chamber, and a connecting rod is rotatably connected between the floating frame and the adjustment plate.

[0008] In one embodiment, the driving assembly includes a motor, the motor is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the pyrolysis furnace, the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to a second gear, and the second gear is meshed with the first gear.

[0009] In one embodiment, a spare pipe is further included, which is connected to the pyrolysis furnace. The exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to a storage cylinder. A reflux pipe is connected between the storage cylinder and the distillation channel. The storage cylinder is slidably connected to a storage rack, and the storage rack slides downward to be connected to the reflux pipe.

[0010] In one of the embodiments, a circular hole is formed on one side of the storage rack close to the reflux pipe, and when the circular hole of the storage rack moves downward to align with the reflux pipe, the storage rack is connected to the reflux pipe.

[0011] In one embodiment, a magnet is further included. The magnet is fixed in the storage tube. The storage rack moves downward to contact the magnet and attract each other.

[0012] In one of the embodiments, it also includes a lifting frame, which is fixedly connected to the storage frame, a rotating frame is rotatably connected to a side of the pyrolysis furnace close to the lifting frame, a rotating rod is rotatably connected to a side of the pyrolysis furnace close to the rotating frame, and the rotating frame is used to drive the rotating rod to rotate, a wedge block is fixedly connected to a side of the rotating frame close to the lifting frame, a baffle is slidably connected to a side of the pyrolysis furnace close to the feed port, and the rotating rod is used to drive the baffle to slide so as to adaptively reduce the feed port of the pyrolysis furnace.

[0013] In one embodiment, the rotating rod has two movable grooves, the rotating rod is movably connected to the rotating frame through one of the movable grooves, and the rotating rod is movably connected to the baffle through the other movable groove. Beneficial Effects

[0014] (1) The present invention rotates the separation rack in the pyrolysis furnace to continuously perform solid-liquid separation pyrolysis on the material without affecting the subsequent material entering. In this way, the pretreatment operation is simplified, so that the electrolyte does not need to be separated from the battery waste before pyrolysis, and the solid material is prevented from hindering the effective transfer of heat to the liquid material. At the same time, the solid material is prevented from clogging the pyrolysis equipment, thereby improving the efficiency of material pyrolysis.

[0015] (2) The present invention cooperates with the distillation chamber and the exhaust pipe. When the excessive liquid material in the pyrolysis furnace affects the pyrolysis efficiency of the pyrolysis furnace, the excess liquid material in the pyrolysis furnace is drawn out into the distillation chamber through the distillation channel to achieve secondary evaporation, thereby ensuring the pyrolysis efficiency of the pyrolysis furnace. At the same time, the heat energy generated by the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust pipe is utilized to ensure that the distillation chamber can continue to distill, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the equipment operation.

[0016] (3) The present invention realizes that when the evaporation rate of the liquid in the distillation chamber is lower than the entry rate through the cooperation between the floating frame and the adjustment plate, the floating frame continuously adjusts the angle of the adjustment plate according to the liquid level in the distillation chamber, thereby adaptively improving the evaporation efficiency of the distillation chamber, keeping the distillation chamber in the best working state at all times, and ensuring the quality and continuity of evaporation.

[0017] (4) The present invention uses the cooperation of the spare pipe and the reflux pipe. When the filter screen is blocked, the excess liquid material in the pyrolysis furnace is led out to the distillation chamber through the spare pipe and the reflux pipe. This ensures that when the filter screen is blocked, the excess liquid material can still enter the distillation chamber through the spare channel for evaporation, thereby avoiding excessive accumulation of liquid material in the pyrolysis furnace, which affects the quality of pyrolysis.

[0018] (5) The present invention realizes that when the filter is blocked and the standby pipe is activated, the feed port of the pyrolysis furnace is automatically closed through the cooperation of the lifting frame and the baffle, thereby preventing subsequent materials from entering the pyrolysis furnace and allowing the pyrolysis furnace to have sufficient time to evaporate the liquid materials inside. When the feed port is closed, the operator can also be reminded to clean the filter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a partial three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the filter screen, the discharge pipe and the exhaust pipe of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the separation frame and the first gear of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the distillation chamber of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the distillation chamber, floating frame, connecting rod and other components of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the adjustment plate, floating frame and connecting rod of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the first gear, the motor, the second gear and other components of the present invention.

[0027] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the motor and the second gear of the present invention.

[0028] Fig.10 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the spare pipe, storage cylinder, return pipe and other components of the present invention.

[0029] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the reflux pipe, storage rack and magnet of the present invention.

[0030] Fig.12 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the lifting frame, rotating frame, rotating rod and other components of the present invention.

[0031] Marked in the figure: 101-pyrolysis furnace, 102-combustion chamber, 103-separation frame, 104-first gear, 105-filter, 106-discharge pipe, 107-exhaust pipe, 108-distillation channel, 109-distillation chamber, 110-adjusting plate, 111-condensation channel, 112-nitrogen pipe, 201-floating frame, 202-connecting rod, 301-motor, 302-second gear, 401-spare pipe, 402-storage cylinder, 403-reflux pipe, 404-storage frame, 405-magnet, 501-lifting frame, 502-rotating frame, 503-rotating rod, 504-wedge block, 505-baffle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Embodiment 1: A lithium iron phosphate electrolyte recovery device, such as Figure 1-Figure 5As shown, a pyrolysis furnace 101 is included, a combustion chamber 102 is fixedly connected to the right side of the pyrolysis furnace 101, a separation frame 103 is rotatably connected in the pyrolysis furnace 101, the separation frame 103 is provided with spiral blades and circumferentially distributed filter holes, the spiral blades are used to transfer solid materials to the left, the filter holes are used to separate solid materials from liquid materials, a first gear 104 is fixedly connected to the left side of the separation frame 103, a filter screen 105 is fixedly connected to the cavity bottom on the left side of the pyrolysis furnace 101, and a discharge pipe 106 is connected to the left side of the pyrolysis furnace 101, and the discharge pipe 106 is mainly used to discharge solid residues. The pyrolysis furnace 101 is connected with an exhaust pipe 107, a distillation channel 108 is opened on the left side of the pyrolysis furnace 101, and the distillation channel 108 is connected with the pyrolysis furnace 101, a distillation chamber 109 is opened on the right side of the pyrolysis furnace 101, and the distillation chamber 109 is connected with the distillation channel 108, a partition plate is fixedly connected on the right side of the exhaust pipe 107, and an adjusting plate 110 is rotatably connected to the left side of the partition plate of the exhaust pipe 107, a condensation channel 111 is opened in the pyrolysis furnace 101, and the condensation channel 111 is connected with the distillation chamber 109, and a nitrogen pipe 112 is connected to the top of the pyrolysis furnace 101.

[0034] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a floating frame 201 is also included. The floating frame 201 slides up and down along the distillation chamber 109. The interior of the floating frame 201 is a hollow structure. A connecting rod 202 is rotatably connected between the floating frame 201 and the adjustment plate 110.

[0035] like Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, a motor 301 is further included. The motor 301 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the pyrolysis furnace 101 . The output shaft of the motor 301 is fixedly connected to a second gear 302 . The second gear 302 is meshed with the first gear 104 .

[0036] First, the combustion chamber 102 is opened, the combustion chamber 102 preheats the pyrolysis furnace 101, and nitrogen is introduced into the pyrolysis furnace 101 through the nitrogen pipe 112 to reduce the oxygen content in the furnace. Then, the entire disassembled or crushed lithium phosphate battery assembly material is poured into the pyrolysis furnace 101 on the upper right side, and the material slides to the left into the separation rack 103, and the motor 301 is started. The output shaft of the motor 301 drives the second gear 302 to rotate, thereby driving the first gear 104 to rotate, and then driving the separation rack 103 to rotate, and the spiral conveyor sheet of the separation rack 103 will solidify the The solid material is conveyed from right to left, wherein the liquid material wrapped by the solid material is separated under the continuous separation conveying of the spiral conveying plate of the separation frame 103, and the separated liquid material flows downward to the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace 101 through the filter holes of the separation frame 103, so that the solid material and the liquid material of the material are separated and pyrolyzed, and the liquid material is preliminarily heated at the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace 101, and pyrolysis and evaporation are performed, and the remaining liquid material that has not been completely pyrolyzed and evaporated flows through the filter screen 105 to the distillation channel 108, and then flows into the distillation chamber 109 for storage.

[0037] The solid residue produced during pyrolysis is transported to the left to the discharge pipe 106, and the steam generated by pyrolysis in the pyrolysis furnace 101 floats upward into the exhaust pipe 107 and is discharged through the exhaust pipe 107 to the next purification and recovery process. At the same time, the high-temperature waste heat of the steam in the exhaust pipe 107 will perform secondary evaporation and pyrolysis on the liquid material in the distillation chamber 109, and enter the condensation link through the condensation channel 111 to carry out the next purification and recovery process. In this way, the required valuable materials can be obtained through the electrolyte pyrolysis recovery step.

[0038] In the above process, if too much liquid material enters the distillation chamber 109, under the buoyancy of the liquid material in the distillation chamber 109, since the displacement of the floating frame 201 is greater than the weight of the object itself, the floating frame 201 is forced to float upward, thereby driving the connecting rod 202 to move upward, and the connecting rod 202 drives the adjustment plate 110 to swing downward adaptively, allowing more hot air to pass through the guidance of the adjustment plate 110 and enter the channel above the partition plate of the exhaust pipe 107, thereby increasing the flow rate and flow velocity of the hot air flow, and increasing the heat exchange coefficient between the air flow and the exhaust pipe 107, so that More heat is transferred to the distillation chamber 109 through the exhaust pipe 107, thereby improving the evaporation efficiency of the distillation chamber 109. In this way, the steam amount can be adaptively adjusted autonomously according to the amount of liquid material in the distillation chamber 109, thereby adjusting the evaporation and pyrolysis rate of the liquid material in the distillation chamber 109. When the amount of liquid material in the distillation chamber 109 is small, the steam amount is reduced autonomously to prevent the distillation chamber 109 from drying out due to excessive steam. When the amount of liquid material in the distillation chamber 109 is large, the steam amount is increased autonomously to prevent the evaporation and pyrolysis rate from being affected by too little steam.

[0039] In summary, the present invention rotates the separation frame 103 in the pyrolysis furnace 101 to continuously perform solid-liquid separation pyrolysis on the material without affecting the entry of subsequent materials. In this way, the pretreatment operation is simplified, so that there is no need to separate the electrolyte from the battery waste before pyrolysis, and the solid material is prevented from hindering the effective transfer of heat to the liquid material. At the same time, the solid material is prevented from clogging the pyrolysis equipment, thereby improving the efficiency of material pyrolysis.

[0040] The present invention cooperates with the distillation chamber 109 and the exhaust pipe 107. When there is too much liquid material in the pyrolysis furnace 101 and it affects the pyrolysis efficiency of the pyrolysis furnace 101, the excess liquid material in the pyrolysis furnace 101 is led out to the distillation chamber 109 through the distillation channel 108 to achieve secondary evaporation, thereby ensuring the pyrolysis efficiency of the pyrolysis furnace 101. At the same time, the heat energy generated by the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust pipe 107 is used to ensure that the distillation chamber 109 can continue to distill, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the equipment operation.

[0041] Through the cooperation between the floating frame 201 and the adjusting plate 110, the present invention realizes that when the evaporation rate of the liquid in the distillation chamber 109 is lower than the entry rate, the floating frame 201 continuously adjusts the angle of the adjusting plate 110 according to the liquid level in the distillation chamber 101, thereby adaptively improving the evaporation efficiency of the distillation chamber 109, keeping the distillation chamber 109 in the best working state at all times, and ensuring the quality and continuity of the evaporation.

[0042] Embodiment 2: Based on embodiment 1, Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, a spare pipe 401 is also included, which is connected to the pyrolysis furnace 101. A storage cylinder 402 is fixedly connected to the top right side of the outer wall of the exhaust pipe 107. A reflux pipe 403 is connected between the storage cylinder 402 and the distillation channel 108. A storage rack 404 is slidably connected in the storage cylinder 402 along the up and down directions. A circular hole is opened in the lower left part of the storage rack 404. When the circular hole of the storage rack 404 moves downward and aligns with the reflux pipe 403, the storage rack 404 is connected to the reflux pipe 403. A magnet 405 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the storage cylinder 402. The storage rack 404 moves downward and contacts with the magnet 405 and is magnetically attracted to each other. When the filter 105 is blocked, the amount of liquid material in the distillation chamber 109 gradually accumulates. At this time, the blocked and accumulated liquid material is drained into the storage cylinder 402 through the spare pipe 401. As the liquid material in the storage cylinder 402 gradually increases, the storage rack 404 is weighed down and descends to be magnetically fixed on the magnet 405, so that the circular hole of the storage rack 404 descends to be aligned with the reflux pipe 403, so that the liquid material flows into the distillation chamber 109 through the reflux pipe 403. In this way, even if the filter 105 is blocked, it will not affect the secondary evaporation and thermal decomposition of the liquid material.

[0043] In summary, the present invention cooperates with the spare pipe 401 and the reflux pipe 403. When the filter screen 105 is blocked, the excess liquid material in the pyrolysis furnace 101 is led out to the distillation chamber 109 through the spare pipe 401 and the reflux pipe 403, ensuring that when the filter screen 105 is blocked, it can still enter the distillation chamber 109 through the spare channel for evaporation, thereby avoiding excessive accumulation of liquid material in the pyrolysis furnace 101, which affects the quality of pyrolysis.

[0044] like Fig.12 As shown, it also includes a lifting frame 501, which is fixedly connected to the storage frame 404. The right side of the pyrolysis furnace 101 is rotatably connected to a rotating frame 502. The right side of the pyrolysis furnace 101 is rotatably connected to a rotating rod 503. The rotating rod 503 has two upper and lower movable grooves. The rotating rod 503 is movably connected to the rotating frame 502 through the movable groove on the lower side. A wedge block 504 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the rotating frame 502. A baffle 505 is slidably connected to the side of the pyrolysis furnace 101 close to the feed port along the front-to-back direction. The rotating rod 503 is movably connected to the baffle 505 through the movable groove on the upper side to adaptively reduce the feed port of the pyrolysis furnace 101.

[0045] When the storage rack 404 moves downward, it drives the lifting rack 501 to move downward synchronously. The lifting rack 501 squeezes the wedge block 504, causing the rotating rack 502 to rotate counterclockwise. The rotating rack 502 drives the baffle 505 through the rotating rod 503 to move to block the feed port of the pyrolysis furnace 101. In this way, the feeding can be stopped when the filter screen 105 is blocked; when the storage rack 404 moves upward, it drives the lifting rack 501 to move upward synchronously. Then, the rotating rod 503 is rotated to drive the rotating rack 502 to rotate clockwise. The rotating rack 502 drives the baffle 505 through the rotating rod 503 to move to open the feed port of the pyrolysis furnace 101.

[0046] In summary, the present invention achieves that when the filter 105 is blocked and the backup pipe 401 is started, the feed port of the pyrolysis furnace 101 is automatically closed through the cooperation of the lifting frame 501 and the baffle 505, so as to prevent subsequent materials from entering the pyrolysis furnace 101, allowing the pyrolysis furnace 101 to have sufficient time to evaporate the liquid materials inside, and can also remind the operator to clean the filter 105 when the feed port is closed.

[0047] The above description is only an example of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any equivalent substitutions made within the principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. The contents not elaborated in detail in the present invention belong to the existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A lithium iron phosphate electrolyte recovery device, comprising a pyrolysis furnace (101), wherein the pyrolysis furnace (101) is fixedly connected to a combustion chamber (102), characterized in that: A separation frame (103) for solid-liquid separation is rotatably connected in the pyrolysis furnace (101); a first gear (104) is fixedly connected to one side of the separation frame (103); a filter screen (105) is fixedly connected to one side of the pyrolysis furnace (101) close to the first gear (104); a discharge pipe (106) is connected to the pyrolysis furnace (101); an exhaust pipe (107) is connected to the pyrolysis furnace (101); a distillation channel (108) is provided in the pyrolysis furnace (101); and the distillation channel (108) is connected to the pyrolysis furnace (101). The distillation chamber (109) is connected to the distillation channel (108), an adjusting plate (110) is rotatably connected in the exhaust pipe (107), a condensation channel (111) is opened in the pyrolysis furnace (101), the condensation channel (111) is connected to the distillation chamber (109), the pyrolysis furnace (101) is connected to a nitrogen pipe (112), the distillation chamber (109) is provided with an adjusting component for adjusting the adaptive deflection of the adjusting plate (110), and the pyrolysis furnace (101) is provided with a driving component for driving the separation frame (103) to rotate.

2. A lithium iron phosphate electrolyte recovery device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The regulating assembly comprises a floating frame (201), the floating frame (201) is slidably connected to the distillation chamber (109), and a connecting rod (202) is rotatably connected between the floating frame (201) and the regulating plate (110).

3. A lithium iron phosphate electrolyte recovery device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The driving assembly comprises a motor (301), the motor (301) being fixedly connected to an outer wall of the pyrolysis furnace (101), the output shaft of the motor (301) being fixedly connected to a second gear (302), and the second gear (302) being meshed with the first gear (104).

4. A lithium iron phosphate electrolyte recovery device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a spare pipe (401), the spare pipe (401) is connected to the pyrolysis furnace (101), the exhaust pipe (107) is fixedly connected to a storage cylinder (402), a reflux pipe (403) is connected between the storage cylinder (402) and the distillation channel (108), the storage cylinder (402) is slidably connected to a storage rack (404), and the storage rack (404) slides downward to be connected to the reflux pipe (403).

5. A lithium iron phosphate electrolyte recovery device as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: A circular hole is formed on one side of the storage rack (404) close to the reflux pipe (403); when the circular hole of the storage rack (404) moves downward to align with the reflux pipe (403), the storage rack (404) is connected to the reflux pipe (403).

6. A lithium iron phosphate electrolyte recovery device as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a magnet (405), the magnet (405) being fixed in the storage tube (402), and the storage rack (404) moving downward to contact with the magnet (405) and mutually magnetically attract each other.

7. A lithium iron phosphate electrolyte recovery device as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The storage rack (404) further comprises a lifting frame (501), wherein the lifting frame (501) is fixedly connected to the storage rack (404); a rotating frame (502) is rotatably connected to a side of the pyrolysis furnace (101) close to the lifting frame (501); a rotating rod (503) is rotatably connected to a side of the pyrolysis furnace (101) close to the rotating frame (502); the rotating frame (502) is used to drive the rotating rod (503) to rotate; a wedge block (504) is fixedly connected to a side of the rotating frame (502) close to the lifting frame (501); a baffle (505) is slidably connected to a side of the pyrolysis furnace (101) close to the feed port; the rotating rod (503) is used to drive the baffle (505) to slide, so as to adaptively reduce the feed port of the pyrolysis furnace (101).

8. A lithium iron phosphate electrolyte recovery device as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The rotating rod (503) has two movable grooves, and the rotating rod (503) is movably connected to the rotating frame (502) through one of the movable grooves, and the rotating rod (503) is movably connected to the baffle (505) through the other movable groove.

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