Fatigue performance experiment device for high-strength heat-resistant cast aluminum piston

Abstract

The invention discloses a fatigue performance experiment device for a high-strength heat-resistant cast aluminum piston, which relates to the technical field of engine fatigue experiments and comprises a liquid part, a sealing part, a filtering part, a collecting part and a heating part. Through the sealing part, when an annular conical plate is pushed by gas to move downwards to a first height, cooling engine oil flows into a conical filter screen to be filtered on one hand, and on the other hand, the cooling engine oil is sprayed out to the upper surface of the conical filter screen to be cleaned, so that the filtering effect of the cooling engine oil is improved; in the process that the T-shaped barrel moves upwards to the second height, on one hand, the lubricating effect between the piston and the inner wall of the cylinder body can be achieved, on the other hand, sprayed redundant cooling engine oil flows downwards along the inner wall of the cylinder body, impurities on the inner wall of the cylinder body can be driven to flow to the annular conical plate, and therefore the service life of the piston and the service life of the cylinder body are prolonged. And when the T-shaped cylinder moves from the second height to the initial height, impurities and residual cooling engine oil in the collecting box can be cleaned.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of engine fatigue experiments, and in particular relates to a fatigue performance experimental device for a high-strength heat-resistant cast aluminum piston. Background Art

[0002] As the power of engines continues to increase and fuel efficiency continues to improve, higher requirements are placed on the high temperature stability and thermal fatigue performance of piston aluminum alloys. At higher service temperatures, high-pressure gas erodes the piston surface more violently, and the requirements for the piston's thermal expansion performance and high-temperature anti-friction performance are also more stringent. The fatigue safety of the piston directly affects its service life. The life of Mahle pistons after surface treatment is more than 5 times that of similar domestic technologies. Therefore, it is urgent to study the mechanism of piston thermal fatigue and develop piston materials with high fatigue safety.

[0003] By collecting continuous fatigue stress data of aluminum pistons under different working conditions and combining the piston stress damage trend, the macroscopic laws of crack initiation time, crack extension length, crack depth, etc. under different working conditions of aluminum pistons are studied, and the causes of thermal fatigue damage and fracture of pistons are experimentally studied. The corresponding stress fields under different temperature field conditions are calculated and studied to deeply reveal the mechanism of crack initiation and extension on the piston surface.

[0004] Study the fatigue safety of piston products, reveal the high-temperature creep, durability and crack arrest mechanism of new aluminum-silicon alloys under long-term dynamic loads at 250-350℃; study the relationship between the heat treatment process and fatigue performance of cast pistons, establish key heat treatment technologies for high-strength and toughness pistons, develop high-reliability, high-strength and heat-resistant aluminum pistons, and form application demonstrations in fields such as power equipment.

[0005] The patent with publication number CN103604592B discloses a thermal-mechanical load coupling fatigue test system for an engine piston, including a piston, a bottom plate, a side plate, a top plate, a pipeline, a high-pressure air bottle, a high-frequency induction heater, a motion device, a cooling device, an exhaust pressure stabilizing device, and a control device including a controller and a computer. The piston is connected to the motion device through a piston pin, and the reciprocating inertial force borne by the piston is provided by the motion device; the relatively closed space between the top, side plate and top plate of the piston forms a high-temperature and high-pressure gas action chamber, which is connected to the high-pressure air bottle through a pipeline, and the high-frequency induction heater heats the pipeline, and the cooling device realizes the cooling of the piston. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas action chamber simulates the engine combustion chamber, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas therein simulates the high-temperature and high-pressure fuel gas in the engine cylinder. The charging and discharging of the high-pressure gas, the switching of the high-frequency induction heater, and the start and stop of the motion device are controlled by the same controller, and the three are synchronously controlled.

[0006] However, in actual production, it is found that the above technical solution still has the following problems: 1. When the cooling oil cools down the piston, the cooling oil that takes away the heat from the piston has not been completely discharged, and the newly ejected cooling oil mixes with the cooling oil that takes away the heat, thereby reducing the cooling effect of the cooling oil on the piston.

[0007] 2. When the piston moves along the inner wall of the cylinder, impurities will be generated over time. The impurities will enter the cooling oil circulation component along with the cooling oil. On the one hand, it can cause blockage of the cooling oil circulation component. On the other hand, when the cooling oil cools the piston, the sprayed cooling oil flows to the sliding point between the piston and the cylinder, causing scratches on the inner wall of the cylinder or the outer wall of the piston, affecting the fatigue test of the piston, and also affecting the service life of the cylinder and the piston.

[0008] Therefore, it is necessary to invent a fatigue performance test device for high-strength heat-resistant cast aluminum pistons to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fatigue performance test device for high-strength heat-resistant cast aluminum pistons in order to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0010] The invention provides a fatigue performance test device for a high-strength heat-resistant cast aluminum piston, comprising a cabinet and a support seat fixedly arranged in the cabinet; a base fixedly arranged on the top of the support seat; a cylinder fixedly arranged on the top of the base; and further comprising: a liquid part fixedly arranged in the base; the liquid part comprises an annular cylinder, and the annular cylinder is fixedly arranged in the base; a cavity opened in the side wall of the annular cylinder; a T-shaped cylinder slidably arranged in the cavity; a sealing part fixedly arranged on the top of the T-shaped cylinder, and when the sealing part moves up and down, the bottom of the T-shaped cylinder can be driven to move along the cavity, so that the T-shaped cylinder squeezes the cooling oil in the cavity during the movement; a filtering part fixedly arranged on the top of the T-shaped cylinder and located below the sealing part, and the filtering part can filter impurities in the cooling oil; a collecting part fixedly arranged in the middle of the filtering part, and the filtering part can collect impurities in the cooling oil, and the impurities collected in the collecting part can be cleaned by squeezing the cooling oil in the cavity during the movement of the liquid part; and a heating part arranged on the top of the cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, the liquid part also includes: a protective cylinder, the bottom of the outer wall of which penetrates through the middle of the annular cylinder, and the bottom of the protective cylinder is fixed to the bottom of the base; an annular plate, which is fixed to the bottom of the T-shaped cylinder; and a sliding hole, which is opened on the outer wall of the annular plate.

[0012] Preferably, the sealing portion further includes: an annular protrusion fixedly disposed at the middle of the inner wall of the base; an annular cone plate fixedly disposed at the top of the T-shaped cylinder; and a spring 1 fixedly disposed between the bottom of the annular cone plate and the top of the annular cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, the filter part also includes: a conical filter screen, the middle part of which is fixedly arranged on the top outer wall of the T-shaped cylinder and is located below the annular cone plate; an annular nozzle, which is fixedly arranged on the bottom of the annular cone plate; a connecting pipe 1, one end of which passes through the conical filter screen and is connected with the annular nozzle, and the other end of which passes through the annular cylinder in a sealed manner and is connected with the bottom of the cavity.

[0014] Preferably, the collecting part also includes: a collecting box, which is fixedly arranged in the middle of the conical filter, and the collecting box is arranged in a pentagonal structure; a blocking door, which is arranged in multiple numbers and is rotatably arranged on each side of the collecting box; a protrusion, which is arranged in multiple numbers and is fixedly arranged on the bottom of the corresponding blocking door; a groove, which is arranged in multiple numbers and corresponds to the protrusion and is opened on each side of the collecting box, and the cooperation between the protrusion and the groove can limit the blocking door to rotate only toward the inside of the collecting box.

[0015] Preferably, the collecting part also includes: a blocking block, which is fixedly arranged inside the collecting box, and the blocking block can prevent the cavity in the collecting box from being connected; a connecting pipe two, one end of which seals and passes through the blocking block to be connected with the cavity in the collecting box, and the other end seals and passes through the annular cylinder to be connected with the middle part of the cavity; a circulating filter box, which is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the base; a connecting pipe three, one end of which seals and passes through the blocking block to be connected with the cavity in the collecting box, and the connecting pipe three and the connecting pipe two are connected to the cavity in the collecting box in opposite directions, and the other end seals and passes through the inner wall of the base to be connected with the circulating filter box; an oil outlet pipe, one end of which is connected to the bottom of the circulating filter box, and the other end seals and passes through the base.

[0016] Preferably, it also includes: a connecting pipe four, one end of which seals and passes through the annular cylinder to communicate with the cavity, and the other end of which seals and passes through the side wall of the base to the top and extends into the base.

[0017] Preferably, it also includes: a circulation pump, which is fixedly arranged on the top of the support seat; a circulation pipeline 1, one end of which is sealed and penetrates into the base, and the other end is connected to the circulation pump; an oil spray head, which is sealed and penetrates into the cylinder body; a circulation pipeline 2, one end of which is connected to the oil spray head, and the other end is connected to the circulation pump; a liquid cooler, which is fixedly arranged in the middle of the circulation pipeline 1.

[0018] Preferably, it also includes: a piston, which is slidably arranged in the cylinder body; a hydraulic rod, whose bottom is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the cabinet, and the driving end seal of the hydraulic rod passes through the support seat, the base and the protective tube to the cylinder body, and its top is connected to the piston through a piston pin.

[0019] Preferably, it also includes: a plurality of air inlet valves, which are provided and penetrate the outer side wall of the bottom of the cylinder body; and a plurality of air outlet valves, which are provided and penetrate the middle outer side wall of the base.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention arranges the cylinder body vertically to avoid mixing of the cooling liquid sprayed from the oil spray head with the cooling oil that carries the heat after cooling the piston, thereby improving the cooling effect of the piston. At the same time, it is also convenient to clean the impurities generated by friction between the piston and the cylinder body, thereby improving the cleaning effect of the impurities.

[0021] 2. The present invention cooperates with components such as an annular cone plate, a T-shaped cylinder, an annular protrusion, an annular plate and a cavity. When the annular cone plate is pushed by gas and moves downward to a first height, the annular cone plate and the annular protrusion are released from contact, and an annular gap is generated between the two, so that the cooling machine oil flows into the conical filter through the annular gap and is filtered. At the same time, the annular cone plate drives the T-shaped cylinder to move downward to squeeze the cooling machine oil in the cavity. The squeezed cooling machine oil enters the annular nozzle through the connecting pipe and is sprayed onto the upper surface of the conical filter for cleaning, thereby improving the filtering effect of the cooling machine oil.

[0022] 3. The present invention cooperates with an annular cone plate, a T-shaped cylinder, an annular plate, a cavity and a spring. When the annular plate drives the T-shaped cylinder to move upward to the second height under the action of the spring one reset and squeezes the cooling oil in the upper cavity of the cavity, the annular plate blocks the connection between the connecting pipe 2 and the cavity. The cooling oil squeezed by the bottom of the T-shaped cylinder is sprayed through the connecting pipe 4 to the space between the piston and the inner wall of the cylinder. On the one hand, it can play a role in lubrication between the piston and the inner wall of the cylinder. On the other hand, the sprayed excess cooling oil cleans the inner wall of the cylinder, so that the cleaned impurities flow along the inner wall of the cylinder to the annular cone plate, thereby improving the service life of the piston and the cylinder.

[0023] 4. The present invention cooperates with components such as a T-shaped cylinder, an annular plate, a cavity, a sliding hole and a collecting part. As the spring 1 is continuously reset and drives the T-shaped cylinder to squeeze the cooling oil in the upper cavity in the cavity, the squeezed cooling oil is sprayed into the collecting box through the sliding hole via the connecting pipe 2, and the impurities collected in the collecting box and the residual cooling oil are flushed into the circulating filter box through the connecting pipe 3, and the impurities are filtered to avoid excessive accumulation of impurities in the collecting box, which affects the effect of the collecting box in collecting impurities, and also improves the recycling effect of the cooling oil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cabinet cross-section structure of the present invention; Figure 4 The present invention Figure 2 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the collection box of the present invention; Figure 6 The present invention Figure 5 The enlarged structural diagram at B in the middle; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the T-shaped cylinder of the present invention being located at the first height in the cavity; Figure 8 The present invention Figure 7 The enlarged structural diagram at C in the middle; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the T-shaped cylinder of the present invention being located at the second height in the cavity; Fig.10 The present invention Fig. 9 The enlarged structural diagram at D in the middle; Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the T-shaped cylinder of the present invention when it is located in the cavity at the initial height; Fig.12 The present invention Fig.11 The enlarged structural diagram at E in the middle; Fig.13 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a base of the present invention.

[0025] In the figure: 1, cabinet; 2, support base; 3, base; 4, cylinder; 5, liquid part; 6, sealing part; 7, filter part; 8, collecting part; 9, connecting pipe 4; 10, circulation pump; 11, circulation pipeline 1; 12, oil injection head; 13, circulation pipeline 2; 14, liquid cooler; 15, piston; 16, hydraulic rod; 17, heating part; 18, air inlet valve; 19, air outlet valve; 501, annular cylinder; 502, cavity; 503, T-shaped Cylinder; 504, protective cylinder; 505, annular plate; 506, sliding hole; 601, annular protrusion; 602, annular cone plate; 603, spring one; 701, conical filter; 702, annular nozzle; 703, connecting pipe one; 801, collecting box; 802, blocking door; 803, protrusion; 804, groove; 805, blocking block; 806, connecting pipe two; 807, circulating filter box; 808, connecting pipe three; 809, oil outlet pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments in the present application belong to the scope of protection of this application.

[0027] The present invention provides Figure 1-Figure 13 The fatigue performance experimental device of the high-strength heat-resistant cast aluminum piston shown in the figure comprises a cabinet 1 and a support seat 2 fixedly arranged in the cabinet 1, wherein the cabinet 1 is divided into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, and the components are mainly in the upper chamber; a base 3, which is fixedly arranged on the top of the support seat 2, and the base 3 has a cavity structure, wherein cooling oil is arranged inside, and the liquid level of the cooling oil is lower than the position of the annular cylinder 501 and the outlet valve 19; a cylinder 4, which is fixedly arranged on the top of the base 3, and the cavity in the cylinder 4 is connected with the cavity in the base 3; a piston 15, which is slidably arranged in the cylinder 4; a hydraulic rod 16, wherein the bottom thereof is fixedly arranged on the bottom of the cabinet 1, and the driving end seal of the hydraulic rod 16 passes through the support seat 2. The base 3 and the protective tube 504 are inserted into the cylinder body 4, and the top thereof is connected to the piston 15 through a piston pin, and the hydraulic rod 16 is electrically connected to the control system; there are multiple intake valves 18, which are sealed and penetrated through the outer wall at the bottom of the cylinder body 4, and the intake valve 18 is used to suck external air into the cylinder body 4 in one direction, and a filter is provided on the intake valve 18 to prevent the impurities carried by the cylinder body 4 when the gas is sucked in from polluting the cooling oil; there are multiple exhaust valves 19, which are sealed and penetrated through the middle outer wall of the base 3, and the exhaust valve 19 is used to discharge the gas in the base 3 in one direction; the exhaust valve 19 is located below the annular cone plate 602 after it moves downward to a preset position.

[0028] The piston 15 is driven to move along the inner wall of the cylinder body 4 by the up and down movement of the hydraulic rod 16; when the piston 15 slides downward along the inner wall of the cylinder body 4, the inlet valve 18 is closed, the piston 15 pushes the gas below, and the gas is discharged through the outlet valve 19; when the piston 15 slides upward along the inner wall of the cylinder body 4, the outlet valve 19 is closed, the inlet valve 18 is opened, and the external gas is sucked into the cylinder body 4.

[0029] The liquid part 5 is fixedly arranged in the base 3; the liquid part 5 includes an annular cylinder 501, and the annular cylinder 501 is fixedly arranged in the base 3; the cavity 502 is opened in the side wall of the middle part of the annular cylinder 501; the T-shaped cylinder 503 is slidably arranged in the cavity 502, and an annular fixing plate extends from the bottom outer wall of the T-shaped cylinder 503. The fixing plate is sealed and slidably arranged with the cavity 502, and the fixing plate divides the cavity 502 into an upper cavity and a lower cavity. The top side wall of the upper cavity is penetrated by an upper oil pipe, and the other end of the upper oil pipe extends to the cooling inside the base 3. In the engine oil, a lower oil pipe is provided through the bottom side wall of the lower cavity, and the other end of the lower oil pipe extends to the cooling oil in the base 3, and both the upper oil pipe and the lower oil pipe are provided with a one-way valve, and both the one-way valves can only control the cooling oil to flow into the corresponding chamber in one direction through the corresponding oil pipe; the protective cylinder 504, the bottom of the outer wall of which is provided through the middle of the annular cylinder 501, and the bottom of the protective cylinder 504 is fixed to the bottom of the base 3; the annular plate 505, which is fixed to the bottom of the T-shaped cylinder 503; the sliding hole 506, which is opened on the outer wall of the annular plate 505.

[0030] The T-shaped cylinder 503 moves up and down along the cavity 502 in the annular cylinder 501 , so that the bottom of the T-shaped cylinder 503 squeezes the cooling oil in the cavity 502 .

[0031] The sealing part 6 is fixedly arranged on the top of the T-shaped cylinder 503, and when the sealing part 6 moves up and down, it can drive the bottom of the T-shaped cylinder 503 to move along the cavity 502, so that the T-shaped cylinder 503 squeezes the cooling oil in the cavity 502 during the movement; the annular protrusion 601 is fixedly arranged on the middle part of the inner wall of the base 3; the annular cone plate 602 is fixedly arranged on the top of the T-shaped cylinder 503, and the annular cone plate 602 is a cone structure; the spring 603 is fixedly arranged between the bottom of the annular cone plate 602 and the top of the annular cylinder 501.

[0032] When the annular cone plate 602 is at an initial height, the elastic force of the spring 1 603 presses against the bottom of the annular cone plate 602, so that the top outer wall of the annular cone plate 602 contacts the annular protrusion 601, thereby sealing the cooling oil in the base 3 and preventing the cooling oil carrying heat from mixing with the original oil and increasing the heat of the original cooling oil. The increased heat affects the cooling of the piston 15.

[0033] The filter part 7 is fixedly arranged on the top of the T-shaped cylinder 503 and is located below the sealing part 6, and the filter part 7 can filter impurities in the cooling oil; the conical filter 701, the middle of which is fixedly arranged on the top outer wall of the T-shaped cylinder 503 and is located below the annular cone plate 602, and the conical filter 701 is an inverted conical structure; the annular nozzle 702 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the annular cone plate 602; the connecting pipe 1 703, one end of which passes through the conical filter 701 and is connected with the annular nozzle 702, and the other end seals and passes through the annular cylinder 501 and is connected with the bottom of the cavity 502. A one-way valve is provided at one end of the connecting pipe 1 703 close to the annular cylinder 501, which can supply the cooling oil in the cavity 502 to the annular nozzle 702 in a single direction.

[0034] When the annular cone plate 602 drives the T-shaped cylinder 503 to move downward, on the one hand, the annular cone plate 602 can release the contact with the annular protrusion 601, so that an annular gap is generated therebetween, so that the cooling oil on the top of the annular cone plate 602 flows through the gap into the conical filter 701 for filtration, and the filtered cooling oil flows into the bottom of the conical filter 701, and on the other hand, the cooling oil moves downward along the cavity 502 in the annular cylinder 501 through the T-shaped cylinder 503, and squeezes the cooling oil under the cavity 502, and the squeezed cooling oil is transported to the annular nozzle 702 through the connecting pipe 1 703, and the annular nozzle 702 sprays the cooling oil onto the conical filter 701, so that the impurities on the conical filter 701 are rushed into the collecting part 8, preventing the conical filter 701 from being blocked, thereby improving the filtering effect of the cooling oil; while the annular cone plate 602 moves downward, the spring 1 603 is compressed.

[0035] The collecting part 8 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the filter part 7, and the filter part 7 can collect impurities in the cooling oil. During the movement of the liquid part 5, the impurities collected in the collecting part 8 can be cleaned by squeezing the cooling oil in the cavity 502; the collecting box 801 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the conical filter 701, and the collecting box 801 is arranged in a pentagonal structure; the blocking door 802 is arranged in a plurality and is rotatably arranged on each side of the collecting box 801, and a certain distance is set between adjacent blocking doors 802, and the blocking doors 802 are opened at the same time. 803, which is provided in multiple numbers and fixedly provided at the bottom of the corresponding blocking door 802; the groove 804, which is provided in multiple numbers and corresponds to the protrusion 803, and is opened on each side of the collection box 801, and the cooperation between the protrusion 803 and the groove 804 can limit the blocking door 802 to rotate only toward the inside of the collection box 801; the blocking block 805; which is fixedly provided inside the collection box 801, and the blocking block 805 can prevent the cavity in the collection box 801 from communicating; the connecting pipe 806, one end of which is sealed and passes through the blocking block 80 5 is connected to the cavity in the collection box 801, and the other end is sealed and penetrates the annular cylinder 501 to be connected to the middle of the cavity 502. A one-way valve is provided in the connecting pipe 2 806 near one end of the annular cylinder 501, which can make the cooling oil in the cavity 502 flow into the collection box 801 in one direction; a circulation filter box 807 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the base 3, and the top of the circulation filter box 807 can be opened to facilitate cleaning of impurities inside it, and a filter plate is provided in the middle position of the circulation filter box 807 for filtering impurities in the cooling oil; a connecting pipe 3 808, one end of which seals and passes through the blocking block 805 to be connected with the cavity in the collection box 801, and the connecting pipe three 808 and the connecting pipe two 806 are connected to the cavity in the collection box 801 in the opposite direction, and the other end seals and passes through the inner wall of the base 3 to be connected with the circulation filter box 807, and a one-way valve is provided at one end of the connecting pipe three 808 close to the collection box 801, which can make the impurities in the collection box 801 flow into the circulation filter box 807 in one direction; the oil outlet pipe 809, one end of which is connected with the bottom of the circulation filter box 807, and the other end seals and passes through the base 3.

[0036] Connecting pipe four 9, according to the needs of the experiment, connecting pipe four 9 can also be set in multiple ways to increase the amount of oil injection and clean up the impurities at the sliding position of the piston 15 and the cylinder body 4. One end of the connecting pipe four 9 is sealed and passes through the annular tube 501 to communicate with the cavity 502, and the other end is sealed and passes through the side wall of the base 3 to the top and extends into the base 3. A one-way valve is provided at one end of the connecting pipe four 9 close to the annular tube 501, which can make the cooling oil in the cavity 502 flow out in one direction; the connecting position of the connecting pipe four 9 and the cavity 502 is higher than the connecting position of the connecting pipe two 806 and the cavity 502, so that the cooling oil can only flow out from the corresponding pipeline alone.

[0037] After the impurities on the conical filter screen 701 are flushed into the collecting box 801, the compressed spring 1 603 begins to reset and pushes the annular cone plate 602, the T-shaped cylinder 503 and the annular plate 505 to move upward. At this time, the connecting pipe 2 806 and the cavity 502 are connected at a position blocked by the annular plate 505. During the movement, the cooling oil in the upper cavity is squeezed. The squeezed cooling oil is sprayed through the connecting pipe 49 to the piston 15 moving along the inner wall of the cylinder body 4. On the one hand, it can play a lubricating role. On the other hand, the excess cooling oil sprayed can drive the impurities generated when the piston 15 moves along the inner wall of the cylinder body 4 to the top of the annular cone plate 602 when it flows downward; as the spring 1 603 continues to reset, the annular cone plate 602 drives the T-shaped cylinder 503 and the annular plate 505 to continue to move upward. The cooling oil continues to move upward, and at this time the annular plate 505 blocks the connection position between the connecting pipe 49 and the cavity 502, and at the same time the sliding hole 506 on the annular plate 505 is connected with the connection position between the connecting pipe 2 806 and the cavity 502. At this time, the squeezed cooling oil enters the collecting box 801 through the connecting pipe 2 806, and the blocking door 802 in the collecting box 801 is affected by the impact of the cooling oil, so that it fits tightly with the corresponding position of the collecting box 801 with the cooperation of the protrusion 803 and the groove 804. At the same time, the impurities in the collecting box 801 and some of the residual cooling oil can be sent into the circulation filter box 807 through the connecting pipe 3 808 through the impact of the cooling oil, and the filtered cooling oil flows into the base 3 and is recycled.

[0038] The heating part 17 is arranged at the top of the cylinder body 4; the heating part 17 can adopt a high-frequency induction heating machine, a flame heating component, a laser heating component, an electromagnetic induction heating component, a resistance heating component, an infrared heating component and other heating components, which are used to heat the top of the piston 15 to simulate the temperature field of the piston 15 when working.

[0039] A circulation pump 10 is fixedly arranged on the top of the support base 2, and the circulation pump 10 is electrically connected to the control system; a circulation pipeline 1 11, one end of which is sealed and penetrates into the base 3, and the other end is connected to the circulation pump 10; an oil spray head 12, which is sealed and penetrates into the cylinder body 4; a circulation pipeline 2 13, one end of which is connected to the oil spray head 12, and the other end is connected to the circulation pump 10; a liquid cooler 14, which is fixedly arranged in the middle of the circulation pipeline 1 11.

[0040] The cooling oil in the base 3 is pumped into the circulation pipeline 1 11 through the circulation pump 10, and is cooled by the liquid cooler 14 arranged on the circulation pipeline 1 11. Then, the cooling oil is transported to the oil spray head 12 through the circulation pipeline 2 13, and the cooling oil is sprayed to the bottom of the piston 15 by the oil spray head 12 to cool the piston 15.

[0041] In summary, in the fatigue test of the piston 15, the hydraulic rod 16 is controlled to move up and down, thereby driving the piston 15 to move along the inner wall of the cylinder body 4, and at the same time the heating part 17 is turned on, and the top of the piston 15 is heated to a specified temperature field to match the heat load received by the piston 15 during the reciprocating motion, so as to simulate the actual working situation of the piston 15; the circulating pump 10 extracts the cooling oil in the base 3 through the circulating pipeline 11, and cools it through the liquid cooler 14, and the cooled cooling oil enters the oil spray head 12 through the circulating pipeline 2 13, and the cooled cooling oil is sprayed to the bottom of the piston 15 by the oil spray head 12, so as to cool the piston 15; after the cooling oil cools the piston 15, the cooling oil carrying the heat falls to the top of the annular cone plate 602.

[0042] When the piston 15 moves downwards through the action of the hydraulic rod 16, the piston 15 moves downwards by pushing the gas, so that the pushed annular cone plate 602 moves downwards from the initial height to the first height, such as Figure 8 As shown, during the downward movement of the piston 15, it pushes the gas below, and the pushed gas pushes the annular cone plate 602. The annular cone plate 602 pushed by the gas moves downward and releases contact with the annular protrusion 601, so that an annular gap is generated between the two. At this time, a part of the pushed gas flows into the bottom of the annular cone plate 602 through the annular gap, and discharges part of the heat below the piston 15 through the outlet valve 19.

[0043] When the annular cone plate 602 is released from contact with the annular protrusion 601 and an annular gap is generated, the cooling oil on the annular cone plate 602 flows along the top surface of the annular cone plate 602. At the same time, when the piston 15 pushes the gas below, the flow of the cooling oil on the annular cone plate 602 is also accelerated during the downward flow of the gas. The cooling oil flowing on the annular cone plate 602 flows into the conical filter 701 through the annular gap for filtration, and the filtered cooling oil finally flows into the base 3.

[0044] When the annular cone plate 602 is pushed downward by the gas, the annular cone plate 602 drives the T-shaped cylinder 503 and the annular plate 505 to move, so that the T-shaped cylinder 503 moves downward along the cavity 502 in the annular cylinder 501 and squeezes the cooling oil under the cavity 502. The squeezed cooling oil is transported to the annular nozzle 702 through the connecting pipe 1 703, and the annular nozzle 702 sprays the cooling oil onto the upper surface of the conical filter 701, so that the impurities on the conical filter 701 are rushed into the collecting box 801 to prevent the conical filter 701 from being blocked, thereby improving the filtering effect of the cooling oil. When the annular cone plate 602 moves downward, the spring 1 603 is compressed; when the T-shaped cylinder 503 moves downward along the cavity 502 in the annular cylinder 501, the negative pressure generated in the upper cavity sucks the cooling oil in the base 3 into the interior thereof through the upper oil pipe.

[0045] When the piston 15 moves upwards due to the action of the hydraulic rod 16, the piston 15 moving upwards inhales gas into the cylinder 4 through the intake valve 18. At this time, the annular cone plate 602, the T-shaped cylinder 503 and the annular plate 505 move upwards under the action of the spring 1 603 returning to the original position, and move upwards from the first height to the second height. Fig.10 As shown, in the process of the T-shaped cylinder 503 and the annular plate 505 moving upward along the inner wall of the cavity 502 to the second height, the connecting pipe 2 806 and the cavity 502 are connected at a position blocked by the annular plate 505, and the T-shaped cylinder 503 squeezes the cooling oil in the upper cavity of the cavity 502, and the squeezed cooling oil is sprayed onto the inner wall of the piston 15 moving along the cylinder body 4 through the connecting pipe 49, thereby preventing the piston 15 from dry friction along the inner wall of the cylinder body 4, thereby improving the service life of the piston 15; while the T-shaped cylinder 503 and the annular plate 505 move upward along the inner wall of the cavity 502 to the second height, the negative pressure generated in the lower cavity sucks the cooling oil in the base 3 into its interior through the lower oil pipe.

[0046] As the spring 1 603 continues to reset, the annular cone plate 602 is pushed to drive the T-shaped cylinder 503 and the annular plate 505 to move upward from the second height to the initial height. Fig.12 As shown, under the action of spring 1 603, the top side of the annular cone plate 602 is tightly fitted with the annular protrusion 601. When the T-shaped cylinder 503 and the annular plate 505 move upward along the inner wall of the cavity 502 to the initial height, the connecting pipe 49 and the cavity 502 are blocked by the annular plate 505. At the same time, the sliding hole 506 on the annular plate 505 is connected with the connecting pipe 2 806 and the annular cylinder 501. When the T-shaped cylinder 503 moves upward, it squeezes the cooling oil in the upper cavity of the cavity 502, so that the cooling oil enters the connecting pipe 2 806 through the sliding hole 506. The cooling oil in the connecting pipe 2 806 is sprayed into the collecting box 801, and the blocking door 802 on the collecting box 801 is impacted by the cooling oil. The influence of the protrusion 803 and the groove 804 makes it tightly fit with the corresponding position of the collection box 801 under the cooperation of the protrusion 803 and the groove 804, and will not rotate away from the collection box 801. At the same time, the impurities in the collection box 801 and some residual cooling oil can enter the circulation filter box 807 through the connecting pipe three 808 through the impact of the cooling oil, and after being filtered by the circulation filter box 807, the filtered cooling oil flows into the base 3 and is recycled; while the spring 1 603 continues to reset and pushes the annular cone plate 602 to drive the T-shaped cylinder 503 and the annular plate 505 to move, under the action of the T-shaped cylinder 503 and the cavity 502, the negative pressure generated in the lower cavity sucks the cooling oil in the base 3 into its interior through the lower oil pipe.

[0047] As the piston 15 continues to reciprocate under the action of the hydraulic rod 16, it reciprocates up and down along the inner wall of the cylinder body 4 and repeats the above operation.

[0048] By arranging the cylinder body 4 vertically, it is possible to prevent the cooling liquid sprayed from the oil spray head 12 from mixing with the cooling oil that carries the heat after cooling the piston 15, thereby improving the cooling effect of the piston 15. At the same time, it is also convenient to clean the impurities generated by friction between the piston 15 and the cylinder body 4, thereby improving the cleaning effect of the impurities.

[0049] By arranging the annular cone plate 602, the T-shaped cylinder 503, the annular protrusion 601, the annular plate 505 and the cavity 502 and other components, when the annular cone plate 602 is pushed by the gas and moves downward to the first height, the annular cone plate 602 and the annular protrusion 601 are released from contact, and an annular gap is generated therebetween, so that the cooling machine oil flows into the conical filter 701 through the annular gap and is filtered. At the same time, the annular cone plate 602 drives the T-shaped cylinder 503 to move downward to squeeze the cooling machine oil in the cavity 502. The squeezed cooling machine oil enters the annular nozzle 702 through the connecting pipe 703 and is sprayed onto the upper surface of the conical filter 701 for cleaning, thereby improving the filtering effect of the cooling machine oil.

[0050] By arranging the annular cone plate 602, the T-shaped cylinder 503, the annular plate 505, the cavity 502 and the spring 1 603 and other components, when the annular plate 505 drives the T-shaped cylinder 503 to move upward to the second height under the action of the spring 1 603 returning to its original position and squeezes the cooling oil in the upper cavity of the cavity 502, the annular plate 505 blocks the connection between the connecting pipe 2 806 and the cavity 502, and the cooling oil squeezed by the bottom of the T-shaped cylinder 503 is sprayed through the connecting pipe 4 9 to between the piston 15 and the inner wall of the cylinder 4. On the one hand, it can play a role in lubricating the piston 15 and the inner wall of the cylinder 4, and on the other hand, the sprayed excess cooling oil cleans the inner wall of the cylinder 4, so that the cleaned impurities flow along the inner wall of the cylinder 4 to the annular cone plate 602, thereby improving the service life of the piston 15 and the cylinder 4.

[0051] By arranging the cooperation of the T-shaped cylinder 503, the annular plate 505, the cavity 502, the sliding hole 506 and the collecting part 8 and other components, as the spring 1 603 is continuously reset and drives the T-shaped cylinder 503 to squeeze the cooling oil in the upper cavity of the cavity 502, the squeezed cooling oil is sprayed into the collecting box 801 through the sliding hole 506 and the connecting pipe 2 806, and the impurities collected in the collecting box 801 and the residual cooling oil are flushed into the circulating filter box 807 through the connecting pipe 3 808, and the impurities are filtered to avoid excessive accumulation of impurities in the collecting box 801, which affects the effect of collecting impurities by the collecting box 801, and also improves the recycling effect of the cooling oil.

[0052] The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present application, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the purpose of the present application and the scope of protection of the claims, all of which are within the protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A fatigue performance test device for a high-strength heat-resistant cast aluminum piston, comprising a cabinet (1) and a support seat (2) fixedly arranged in the cabinet (1); A base (3) fixedly disposed on the top of the support base (2); A cylinder body (4) fixedly disposed on the top of the base (3); It is characterized in that Also includes: A liquid portion (5) fixedly arranged in the base (3); the liquid portion (5) comprises an annular cylinder (501), and the annular cylinder (501) is fixedly arranged in the base (3); A cavity (502) is formed in a side wall of the annular cylinder (501); A T-shaped cylinder (503) slidably disposed in the cavity (502); A sealing portion (6) is fixedly arranged on the top of the T-shaped cylinder (503), and when the sealing portion (6) moves up and down, it can drive the bottom of the T-shaped cylinder (503) to move along the cavity (502), so that the T-shaped cylinder (503) squeezes the cooling oil in the cavity (502) during the movement; A filter portion (7) fixedly disposed on the top of the T-shaped cylinder (503) and located below the sealing portion (6), and the filter portion (7) is capable of filtering impurities in the cooling oil; a collecting portion (8) fixedly arranged in the middle of the filtering portion (7), wherein the filtering portion (7) is capable of collecting impurities in the cooling oil, and the impurities collected in the collecting portion (8) can be cleaned by squeezing the cooling oil in the cavity (502) during the movement of the liquid portion (5); A heating portion (17) is arranged on the top of the cylinder body (4).

2. The fatigue performance test device of high-strength heat-resistant cast aluminum piston according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The liquid part (5) further comprises: A protective tube (504), the bottom of the outer wall of which penetrates the middle of the annular tube (501), and the bottom of the protective tube (504) is fixedly arranged with the bottom of the base (3); An annular plate (505) fixedly disposed at the bottom of the T-shaped cylinder (503); A sliding hole (506) is formed on the outer wall of the annular plate (505).

3. The fatigue performance test device of high-strength heat-resistant cast aluminum piston according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The sealing portion (6) further comprises: An annular protrusion (601) fixedly disposed at the middle portion of the inner wall of the base (3); An annular cone plate (602) is fixedly disposed on the top of the T-shaped cylinder (503); Spring 1 (603) is fixedly disposed between the bottom of the annular cone plate (602) and the top of the annular cylinder (501).

4. The fatigue performance test device of high-strength heat-resistant cast aluminum piston according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The filter unit (7) further comprises: A conical filter screen (701), the middle of which is fixedly disposed on the top outer wall of the T-shaped cylinder (503) and is located below the annular cone plate (602); An annular nozzle (702) is fixedly disposed at the bottom of the annular cone plate (602); A connecting pipe (703) has one end that passes through the conical filter screen (701) and is connected to the annular nozzle (702), and the other end that seals and passes through the annular cylinder (501) and is connected to the bottom of the cavity (502).

5. The fatigue performance test device of high-strength heat-resistant cast aluminum piston according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The collecting unit (8) further comprises: A collection box (801) is fixedly arranged in the middle of the conical filter screen (701), and the collection box (801) is arranged in a pentagonal structure; A plurality of blocking doors (802) are provided and are rotatably arranged on each side of the collection box (801); A plurality of protrusions (803) are provided and fixedly disposed at the bottom of the corresponding blocking door (802); The grooves (804) are provided in plurality and correspond to the protrusions (803) and are opened on each side of the collection box (801). The cooperation between the protrusions (803) and the grooves (804) can limit the blocking door (802) to rotate only toward the inside of the collection box (801).

6. The fatigue performance test device of high-strength heat-resistant cast aluminum piston according to claim 5, characterized in that: The collecting unit (8) further comprises: A blocking block (805); the blocking block (805) is fixedly arranged inside the collection box (801), and the blocking block (805) can prevent the cavities inside the collection box (801) from being connected; A second connecting pipe (806), one end of which seals and penetrates the blocking block (805) to communicate with the cavity in the collecting box (801), and the other end of which seals and penetrates the annular cylinder (501) to communicate with the middle of the cavity (502); A circulating filter box (807) fixedly disposed on the outer side wall of the base (3); A connecting pipe three (808), one end of which seals and penetrates the blocking block (805) to communicate with the cavity in the collection box (801), and the connecting pipe three (808) and the connecting pipe two (806) are connected to the cavity in the collection box (801) in opposite directions, and the other end of which seals and penetrates the inner wall of the base (3) to communicate with the circulation filter box (807); The oil outlet pipe (809) has one end connected to the bottom of the circulation filter box (807) and the other end connected to the seal and extending into the base (3).

7. The fatigue performance test device of high-strength heat-resistant cast aluminum piston according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Also includes: A connecting pipe (4) (9) has one end that seals through the annular cylinder (501) and communicates with the cavity (502), and the other end that seals through the side wall of the base (3) to the top and extends into the base (3).

8. The fatigue performance test device of high-strength heat-resistant cast aluminum piston according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Also includes: A circulation pump (10) fixedly disposed on the top of the support base (2); A circulation pipeline 1 (11), one end of which is sealed and penetrates into the base (3), and the other end of which is connected to the circulation pump (10); An oil injection head (12), the seal of which penetrates into the cylinder body (4); A second circulation pipeline (13), one end of which is connected to the oil injection head (12) and the other end of which is connected to the circulation pump (10); The liquid cooler (14) is fixedly arranged in the middle of the circulation pipeline (11).

9. The fatigue performance test device of high-strength heat-resistant cast aluminum piston according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: A piston (15) slidably disposed in the cylinder (4); A hydraulic rod (16) has a bottom portion fixedly disposed at the bottom portion of the cabinet (1), and a driving end of the hydraulic rod (16) sealably penetrates the support seat (2), the base (3) and the protective tube (504) into the cylinder body (4), and a top portion of the hydraulic rod is connected to the piston (15) via a piston pin.

10. The fatigue performance test device of high-strength heat-resistant cast aluminum piston according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A plurality of intake valves (18) are provided and are arranged through the outer wall of the bottom of the cylinder body (4); A plurality of air outlet valves (19) are provided and are arranged through the middle outer wall of the base (3).

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