Civil aviation air traffic control equipment electromagnetic environment monitoring and analyzing system

Abstract

The invention provides a civil aviation air traffic control equipment electromagnetic environment monitoring and analyzing system, which comprises a data acquisition and fusion module for acquiring air traffic control equipment data, airport and surrounding building information and aircraft real-time flight data and correlating the data with the data; the signal quality monitoring module is used for obtaining an influence rule of interference on signal quality by combining air traffic control equipment data, airport and surrounding building information and aircraft flight data which are mutually associated, and realizing evaluation and early warning on quality monitoring of space signals; the fault automatic diagnosis module is used for carrying out comprehensive diagnosis and analysis in combination with the space signal quality monitoring data, the equipment operation historical data and the aircraft flight path data, and generating a fault maintenance scheme and suggestion according to a diagnosis result; and the centralized operation and maintenance module constructs an air traffic control equipment health prediction model and is used for predicting possible fault risks of the equipment and making a corresponding preventive maintenance plan. According to the invention, efficient operation and maintenance of the air traffic control equipment can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of civil aviation equipment operation and maintenance, and in particular to an electromagnetic environment monitoring and analysis system for civil aviation air traffic control equipment. Background Art

[0002] At present, the monitoring of civil aviation air traffic control equipment is independent of each other, and there is a lack of a unified and efficient centralized monitoring system. Different equipment monitoring systems are independent of each other, and the data formats are incompatible, making it difficult to achieve overall control and coordinated management of all air traffic control equipment at the airport. This makes it inefficient in terms of equipment operation status assessment and resource allocation, and it is impossible to detect potential problems in a timely manner. The complex layout of the airport and surrounding buildings has led to many interference effects on air traffic control equipment signals. The reflection and refraction of buildings on signals seriously affect the accuracy and stability of air traffic control equipment signals. Traditional operation and maintenance methods are difficult to monitor in real time and accurately respond to various interferences such as passive, active and multipath at the airport, which poses a hidden danger to civil aviation flight safety. Under the traditional operation and maintenance model, air traffic control equipment operation status monitoring, spatial signal quality monitoring, equipment fault diagnosis and departmental comprehensive management are separated from each other. The information transmission between each link is not smooth and the coordination is poor, and it is impossible to form an efficient operation and maintenance system, resulting in waste of resources and low operation and maintenance efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, a system for monitoring and analyzing the electromagnetic environment of civil air traffic control equipment is provided. By combining the real-time flight trajectory data of civil air traffic control equipment, airports and surrounding buildings, and aircraft, the centralized operation and maintenance of air traffic control equipment is realized.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A civil aviation air traffic control equipment electromagnetic environment monitoring and analysis system, comprising: The data collection and fusion module obtains air traffic control equipment data, airport and surrounding building information, and real-time aircraft flight data, and correlates them with each other; The signal quality monitoring module combines the interrelated air traffic control equipment data with the airport and surrounding building information and aircraft flight data to obtain the influence of interference on signal quality, and realizes the quality monitoring of space signals for evaluation and early warning; The automatic fault diagnosis module combines the space signal quality monitoring data, equipment operation history data and aircraft flight trajectory data to conduct comprehensive diagnosis and analysis, and generates fault repair plans and suggestions based on the diagnosis results; The centralized operation and maintenance module builds an air traffic control equipment health prediction model to predict the possible failure risks of the equipment and formulate corresponding preventive maintenance plans.

[0005] As a preferred solution, in the data collection and fusion module, the air traffic control equipment data directly collects original data from the air traffic control equipment port; the airport and surrounding building information is obtained through high-precision geographic positioning and surveying technology; and the real-time flight data of the aircraft is obtained through an aviation data interaction system.

[0006] As a preferred solution, the data acquisition and fusion module is interrelated including: A radiation space field is formed in space according to the data of air traffic control equipment; Establish the reflection and / or diffraction of air traffic control equipment signals through the airport and surrounding building information; A new air traffic control equipment radiation space field is formed by vector synthesis of the air traffic control equipment direct signal and the reflected or / and diffracted signal; By integrating the real-time aircraft flight trajectory data into the new air traffic control equipment radiation space field, the radiation field characteristics of the building reflection / diffraction signal and the radiation field characteristics of the air traffic control equipment direct signal corresponding to the flight trajectory data at different positions on the channel structure are obtained.

[0007] As a preferred solution, in the signal quality monitoring module, evaluating the quality monitoring of the spatial signal includes: Based on the interrelated air traffic control equipment data, airport and surrounding building information, and aircraft flight data, direct, diffraction, and reflection models are established, and the spatial signal is analyzed according to the direct, diffraction, and reflection paths to obtain the spatial signal quality under different paths. By comparing the spatial signal quality under the direct model, the influence of interference on signal quality is obtained.

[0008] As a preferred solution, in the signal quality monitoring module, early warning of quality monitoring of space signals includes: Calculate the deviation value between the new channel structure formed by the spatial vector synthesis of the direct signal of the air traffic control equipment and the reflected or diffracted signal, compare it with the preset deviation value, and complete the early warning based on the comparison result.

[0009] As a preferred solution, in the automatic fault diagnosis module, the comprehensive diagnosis analysis includes: Compare the deviation relationship between the aircraft flight trajectory and the channel structure formed by the spatial signal radiated by the air traffic control equipment to determine the air traffic control equipment parameters that may cause the deviation; Compare the operating trends of the historical data of air traffic control equipment to determine the equipment parameters that have deteriorated or changed abnormally; Combined with the expert database model, diagnosis is performed to generate fault repair plans and suggestions.

[0010] As a preferred solution, the expert database model includes various equipment failure cases, failure causes, failure characteristics and diagnosis methods; when a device fails, a comparison and analysis is performed through the equipment failure data expert database model to quickly locate the cause and location of the failure.

[0011] As a preferred solution, in the centralized operation and maintenance module, a prediction model is established based on the historical data of equipment operation, equipment failure maintenance data and operation trend data. During the operation and maintenance process, the real-time operation data of the equipment is combined to predict the health of the equipment through big data analysis and machine learning algorithms.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of adopting the above technical scheme are as follows: the present invention can improve the operation and maintenance efficiency of air traffic control equipment, enhance equipment reliability, optimize resource management, and improve airport operation safety, providing an effective solution to ensure the reliable operation of civil aviation communication and navigation equipment, and effectively avoiding waste of resources and low operation and maintenance efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic environment monitoring and analysis system for civil aviation air traffic control equipment proposed by the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of automatic fault diagnosis in one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar modules or modules with the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and cannot be construed as limitations on the present application. On the contrary, the embodiments of the present application include all changes, modifications and equivalents that fall within the spirit and connotation of the appended claims.

[0016] In the traditional operation and maintenance mode, the air traffic control equipment operation status monitoring, space signal quality monitoring, equipment fault diagnosis and departmental comprehensive management are separated from each other, the information transmission between the links is not smooth, the coordination is poor, and an efficient operation and maintenance system cannot be formed, resulting in resource waste and low operation and maintenance efficiency. The embodiment of the present invention proposes a civil aviation air traffic control equipment electromagnetic environment monitoring and analysis system, which can greatly improve the operation and maintenance efficiency of air traffic control equipment.

[0017] Please refer to Figure 1 The electromagnetic environment monitoring and analysis system for civil aviation air traffic control equipment includes a data acquisition and fusion module, a signal quality monitoring module, an automatic fault diagnosis module and a centralized operation and maintenance module.

[0018] Specifically, the data collection and fusion module mainly serves as the entry point for operation and maintenance data, acquiring data including air traffic control equipment data, information on airports and surrounding buildings, and real-time aircraft flight data.

[0019] For air traffic control equipment data, in the embodiment of the present application, a data acquisition device compatible with multiple protocols is developed to directly collect raw data from the air traffic control equipment port, including equipment operating parameters, performance indicators, signal characteristics and other operating data, and transmit and centrally store them in real time. Furthermore, air traffic control equipment data may include data from heading equipment, gliding equipment, omnidirectional beacon equipment, ranging equipment and other equipment.

[0020] For the information of the airport and surrounding buildings, in this embodiment, by using high-precision geographic positioning and mapping technology, the precise location, height, structure and other information of the airport and surrounding buildings are obtained to establish a building information database. After obtaining the building information, it is also necessary to establish an association with the air traffic control equipment data. Specifically, the air traffic control equipment transmitter transmits heading, glide, omnidirectional, ranging and other air traffic control signals into the air through the transmitting antenna, forming a radiation space field in space. The building will form a propagation phenomenon such as reflection and diffraction of the air traffic control equipment signal. Under the vector synthesis of the direct signal of the air traffic control equipment and the reflected (or / and diffraction) signal, a new air traffic control equipment radiation space field is formed, thereby forming a close association between the spatial position of the building and the air traffic control equipment transmission data.

[0021] For the real-time flight data of aircraft, in this embodiment, it is directly connected to the aviation data interaction system to obtain information including position, altitude, speed, heading, etc. Similarly, it is also necessary to establish an association between the real-time flight data of aircraft and the air traffic control equipment data and building information. Based on the association between the airport and surrounding building information and the air traffic control equipment data, it is determined that the air traffic control equipment transmits signals to form a direct radiation space field, and the reflection (or / and diffraction) of the building forms a reflection (or / and) radiation space field. After the aircraft flight data is obtained, the flight trajectory data and the direct radiation field of the air traffic control equipment and the reflection (or / and diffraction) radiation field of the building are fused according to the real-time position, so that the flight trajectory data at different positions on the channel structure have corresponding building reflection / diffraction signal radiation field characteristics and air traffic control equipment direct signal radiation field characteristics.

[0022] The signal quality monitoring module is mainly used to analyze the influence of interference on signal quality and complete the quality monitoring of space signals for evaluation and early warning. Specifically, the air traffic control equipment data combined with building information and aircraft flight trajectory can analyze the influence of interference on signal quality. Among them, multipath interference is formed by reflection or diffraction of buildings, which interferes with the direct radiation field of air traffic control equipment. Under signal vector synthesis, a new channel structure (i.e., the radiation space field of air traffic control equipment formed by reflection / diffraction) is formed, and the difference between the radiation field of the direct signal and the radiation field after diffraction / reflection is compared to analyze the influence of interference on signal quality. In practical applications, direct, diffraction, and reflection models can be established, and spatial signals can be analyzed according to different paths (direct, diffraction, and reflection) to obtain the spatial signal quality under different paths. By comparing with the spatial signal quality under the direct model, the influence of multipath interference on signal quality can be obtained. In practical applications, different signal qualities can be analyzed according to specific scenarios. For example, the channel structure can analyze DDM and SDM, and the omnidirectional beacon can analyze azimuth error and 9960Hz modulation.

[0023] In practical applications, quality standards can be preset to achieve quantitative early warning of spatial signal quality, that is, when the signal quality drops to a certain threshold, an alarm mechanism can be triggered. In this embodiment, a spatial structural relationship between the direct radiation field of air traffic control equipment and the reflected or diffracted radiation field formed by reflection or diffraction of buildings is established, and the deviation relationship between the new channel structure formed by the spatial vector synthesis of the direct signal of the air traffic control equipment and the reflected or diffracted signal and the channel structure of the direct signal is calculated, and a corresponding threshold is formed according to the preset deviation threshold. For example, a concern reminder is issued when the deviation reaches 60%, and a warning is issued when the deviation reaches 80%; an alarm is issued when the deviation reaches 100%. In specific implementation, different preset deviation values ​​can be set according to specific scene requirements.

[0024] Please refer to Figure 2 The automatic fault diagnosis module mainly combines the space signal quality monitoring data, equipment operation history data and aircraft flight trajectory data to perform comprehensive diagnosis and analysis, and generates fault maintenance plans and suggestions based on the diagnosis results.

[0025] Specifically, the comprehensive diagnosis and analysis process includes: the first step is to compare the deviation relationship between the aircraft flight trajectory and the channel structure formed by the spatial signal radiated by the air traffic control equipment to determine the air traffic control equipment parameters that may cause the deviation. The second step is to compare the operating trend of the air traffic control equipment historical data to determine the equipment parameters that have deteriorated or changed abnormally. In this embodiment, a deviation of more than 5% from historical data or standard data is considered abnormal, and a deviation of more than 10% is considered deterioration. The third step is to perform diagnosis in combination with the expert database model to generate fault repair plans and suggestions.

[0026] In this embodiment, an expert database model is pre-established, which includes various types of equipment information, fault cases, fault causes, fault characteristics and diagnostic methods. When a device fails, a comparison and analysis is performed through the equipment fault data expert database model to quickly locate the cause and location of the fault.

[0027] The centralized operation and maintenance module predicts the possible failure risks of equipment by building an air traffic control equipment health prediction model, and formulates corresponding preventive maintenance plans. The prediction model is established based on the historical data of equipment operation, equipment failure maintenance data, and operation trend data. During the operation and maintenance process, the real-time operation data of the equipment is combined to predict the health of the equipment through big data analysis and machine learning algorithms. In this embodiment, the input is the historical data of equipment operation, equipment failure maintenance data, operation trend data, and real-time equipment operation data; the output is the equipment operation health value, which can be expressed as a percentage, and the closer to 100%, the better.

[0028] The electromagnetic environment monitoring and analysis system for civil aviation air traffic control equipment proposed in the present invention can improve the operation and maintenance efficiency of air traffic control equipment, enhance equipment reliability, optimize resource management, and improve airport operation safety. It provides an effective solution to ensure the reliable operation of civil aviation communication and navigation equipment, and effectively avoids waste of resources and low operation and maintenance efficiency.

[0029] For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations; the drawings in the embodiments are used to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0030] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A civil aviation air traffic control equipment electromagnetic environment monitoring and analysis system, characterized in that: include: The data collection and fusion module obtains air traffic control equipment data, airport and surrounding building information, and real-time aircraft flight data, and correlates them with each other; The signal quality monitoring module combines the interrelated air traffic control equipment data with the airport and surrounding building information and aircraft flight data to obtain the influence of interference on signal quality, and realizes the quality monitoring of space signals for evaluation and early warning; The automatic fault diagnosis module combines the space signal quality monitoring data, equipment operation history data and aircraft flight trajectory data to conduct comprehensive diagnosis and analysis, and generates fault repair plans and suggestions based on the diagnosis results; The centralized operation and maintenance module builds an air traffic control equipment health prediction model to predict the possible failure risks of the equipment and formulate corresponding preventive maintenance plans.

2. The electromagnetic environment monitoring and analysis system for civil aviation air traffic control equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the data collection and fusion module, the air traffic control equipment data directly collects the original data from the air traffic control equipment port; the airport and surrounding building information is obtained through high-precision geographic positioning and surveying technology; the real-time flight data of the aircraft is obtained through the aviation data interaction system.

3. The electromagnetic environment monitoring and analysis system for civil aviation air traffic control equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the data acquisition and fusion module, the interrelationships include: A radiation space field is formed in space according to the data of air traffic control equipment; Establish the reflection and / or diffraction of air traffic control equipment signals through the airport and surrounding building information; A new air traffic control equipment radiation space field is formed by vector synthesis of the air traffic control equipment direct signal and the reflected or / and diffracted signal; By integrating the real-time aircraft flight trajectory data into the new air traffic control equipment radiation space field, the radiation field characteristics of the building reflection / diffraction signal and the radiation field characteristics of the air traffic control equipment direct signal corresponding to the flight trajectory data at different positions on the channel structure are obtained.

4. The electromagnetic environment monitoring and analysis system for civil aviation air traffic control equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In the signal quality monitoring module, evaluating the quality monitoring of the spatial signal includes: Based on the interrelated air traffic control equipment data, airport and surrounding building information, and aircraft flight data, direct, diffraction, and reflection models are established, and the spatial signal is analyzed according to the direct, diffraction, and reflection paths to obtain the spatial signal quality under different paths. By comparing the spatial signal quality under the direct model, the influence of interference on signal quality is obtained.

5. The electromagnetic environment monitoring and analysis system for civil aviation air traffic control equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the signal quality monitoring module, early warning of the quality monitoring of the spatial signal includes: Calculate the deviation value between the new channel structure formed by the spatial vector synthesis of the direct signal of the air traffic control equipment and the reflected or diffracted signal, compare it with the preset deviation value, and complete the early warning based on the comparison result.

6. The electromagnetic environment monitoring and analysis system for civil aviation air traffic control equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the automatic fault diagnosis module, the comprehensive diagnosis analysis includes: Compare the deviation relationship between the aircraft flight trajectory and the channel structure formed by the spatial signal radiated by the air traffic control equipment to determine the air traffic control equipment parameters that may cause the deviation; Compare the operating trends of the historical data of air traffic control equipment to determine the equipment parameters that have deteriorated or changed abnormally; Combined with the expert database model, diagnosis is performed to generate fault repair plans and suggestions.

7. The electromagnetic environment monitoring and analysis system for civil aviation air traffic control equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The expert database model includes various equipment failure cases, failure causes, failure characteristics and diagnosis methods; when equipment fails, the equipment failure data expert database model is used for comparison and analysis to quickly locate the cause and location of the failure.

8. The electromagnetic environment monitoring and analysis system for civil aviation air traffic control equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the centralized operation and maintenance module, a prediction model is established based on the historical data of equipment operation, equipment failure maintenance data and operation trend data. During the operation and maintenance process, the real-time operation data of the equipment is combined to predict the health of the equipment through big data analysis and machine learning algorithms.

Images