Dimming module, dimming device and dimming structure

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a dimming module, a dimming device and a dimming structure, relates to the technical field of dimming and is used for improving the dimming effect of the dimming module, and the dimming module comprises a first base material layer, a second base material layer, a dye liquid crystal layer and a polarization layer. The first substrate layer is provided with a first optical axis; the second base material layer and the first base material layer are oppositely arranged; the second substrate layer is provided with a second optical axis; the dye liquid crystal layer is positioned between the first base material layer and the second base material layer; the polarizing layer is located between one of the first base material layer and the second base material layer and the dye liquid crystal layer; a first included angle is formed between the polarization direction of the polarization layer and at least one first optical axis, and the first included angle is larger than 0 degree and smaller than 90 degrees; a second included angle is formed between the polarization direction of the polarization layer and the at least one second optical axis, and the second included angle is larger than 0 degree and smaller than 90 degrees. The dimming module is used for adjusting the light transmittance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of dimming technology, and in particular to a dimming module, a dimming device and a dimming structure. Background Art

[0002] With the development of dimming technology, dimming modules are increasingly used in the fields of architecture and transportation. Dimming modules include polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC), electrochromic (EC), dye liquid crystal or suspended particle device. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the embodiments of the present disclosure is to provide a dimming module, a dimming device and a dimming structure, so as to improve the dimming effect of the dimming module.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide the following technical solutions:

[0005] On the one hand, a dimming module is provided. The dimming module includes a first substrate layer, a second substrate layer, a dye liquid crystal layer and a polarizing layer. The first substrate layer has a first optical axis; the second substrate layer is arranged opposite to the first substrate layer; the second substrate layer has a second optical axis; the dye liquid crystal layer is located between the first substrate layer and the second substrate layer; the polarizing layer is located between one of the first substrate layer and the second substrate layer and the dye liquid crystal layer; the polarization direction of the polarizing layer has a first angle with at least one of the first optical axes, the first angle is greater than 0° and less than 90°; the polarization direction of the polarizing layer has a second angle with at least one of the second optical axes, the second angle is greater than 0° and less than 90°.

[0006] In the dimming module, natural light passes through the first substrate layer, and the first optical axis of the first substrate layer will not affect the natural light, and the light passing through the first substrate layer is still natural light. Then, the natural light passing through the first substrate layer will pass through the dye liquid crystal layer. Under the action of the dye liquid crystal layer, the natural light passing through the first substrate layer will become the first linear polarized light, and the polarization direction of the first linear polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the polarizing layer. Then, the first linear polarized light will be emitted to the polarizing layer, and the polarization direction of the first linear polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the polarizing layer 4. The first linear polarized light cannot pass through the polarizing layer, thereby reducing the transmittance of the dimming module. In this way, when the dimming module is in a dark state, the transmittance of the dimming module is low, and the dimming effect of the dimming module is good.

[0007] In some embodiments, the first substrate layer has a plurality of first optical axes, and at least two of the first optical axes have an angle therebetween; and / or the second substrate layer has a plurality of second optical axes, and at least two of the second optical axes have an angle therebetween.

[0008] In some embodiments, the polarizing layer is located between the dye liquid crystal layer and the second substrate layer; and the thickness of the second substrate layer is less than the thickness of the first substrate layer.

[0009] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first substrate layer is 100 μm to 200 μm; and / or the thickness of the second substrate layer is 50 μm to 200 μm.

[0010] In some embodiments, the polarizing layer is located between the dye liquid crystal layer and the second substrate layer; the dimming module further comprises a first protective layer and a first adhesive layer. The first protective layer is located between the polarizing layer and the second substrate layer; the first adhesive layer is located between the first protective layer and the second substrate layer, and the first adhesive layer is bonded to the first protective layer and the second substrate layer.

[0011] In some embodiments, the polarizing layer is located between the dye liquid crystal layer and the second substrate layer, and is in contact with the second substrate layer.

[0012] In some embodiments, the dimming module further includes a second protective layer, and the second protective layer is located between the dye liquid crystal layer and the polarizing layer, and is in contact with the polarizing layer.

[0013] In some embodiments, the dimming module further includes a second electrode layer and a sealing adhesive. The second electrode layer is located between the dye liquid crystal layer and the second protective layer and contacts the second protective layer; the sealing adhesive is located between the first substrate layer and the second substrate layer and surrounds the dye liquid crystal layer.

[0014] In some embodiments, the temperature of the polarizing layer is less than or equal to a first temperature, the polarization degree of the polarizing layer is greater than or equal to 99%, the first temperature is greater than or equal to the annealing temperature of the second electrode layer, and / or the first temperature is greater than or equal to the curing temperature of the frame sealing glue.

[0015] In some embodiments, the material of the polarizing layer includes polyvinyl alcohol and a dye.

[0016] In some embodiments, the material of the first substrate layer includes polyethylene terephthalate.

[0017] On the other hand, a dimming device is provided, the dimming device comprising a first substrate, a second substrate, a dimming module as described in any of the above embodiments, and a second adhesive layer. The first substrate and the second substrate are arranged opposite to each other. The dimming module is located between the first substrate and the second substrate, and the first substrate is located on the side of the first substrate layer in the dimming module away from the second substrate layer; the polarizing layer is located between the dye liquid crystal layer and the second substrate layer.

[0018] The dimming device described above has the same structure and beneficial technical effects as the dimming modules provided in some of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0019] In some embodiments, there is a gap between the second substrate and the second base material layer.

[0020] In some embodiments, the dimming device further includes a third adhesive layer, wherein the third adhesive layer is located between the second substrate and the second base material layer and is bonded to the second substrate and the second base material layer; the third adhesive layer is configured to reflect, absorb or scatter infrared light.

[0021] In some embodiments, the thickness of the third adhesive layer is less than the thickness of the second adhesive layer.

[0022] In some embodiments, the dimming device further includes a plurality of the dimming modules, and the orthographic projections of any two of the dimming modules on the first substrate are staggered; there is a third angle between the first optical axes of at least two of the dimming modules, and the third angle is greater than 0° and less than 90°.

[0023] In some embodiments, the dimming device includes a first substrate, a second substrate and a second adhesive layer; the plurality of dimming modules are located between the second substrate and the second adhesive layer, and each of the dimming modules is bonded to the second adhesive layer.

[0024] In some embodiments, the dimming device includes a plurality of the first substrates, a plurality of the second substrates and a plurality of the second adhesive layers; one of the second substrates is arranged opposite to one of the first substrates; one of the adhesive layers is located between the first substrate and the second substrate that are arranged opposite to each other, and is bonded to one of the first substrates; one of the dimming modules is located between the second adhesive layer and the second substrate, and is bonded to one of the second adhesive layers.

[0025] In another aspect, a dimming structure is provided, comprising the dimming module as described in any of the above embodiments, or the dimming device as described in any of the above embodiments. The dimming structure includes one of a curtain wall, a skylight, a rail vehicle, and a passenger car, wherein the polarizing layer is located between the dye liquid crystal layer and the second substrate layer, and the first substrate layer is closer to the outside of the vehicle or the outdoors than the second substrate layer.

[0026] The dimming structure described above has the same structure and beneficial technical effects as the dimming modules provided in some of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present disclosure, the following briefly introduces the drawings required to be used in some embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the drawings described below are only drawings of some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings. In addition, the drawings described below can be regarded as schematic diagrams, and are not limitations on the actual size of the product involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the actual process of the method, the actual timing of the signal, etc.

[0028] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a dimming module according to some embodiments;

[0029] Figure 2 is another structural diagram of a dimming module according to some embodiments;

[0030] Figure 3 A flowchart of splitting a second parent volume into multiple sub-volumes according to some embodiments;

[0031] Figure 4 is a relationship diagram between the alignment angle and the position of the optical axis in the second mother according to some embodiments;

[0032] Figure 5 is a structural diagram of a dimming device according to some embodiments;

[0033] Figure 6 is another structural diagram of a dimming device according to some embodiments;

[0034] Figure 7 is another structural diagram of a dimming device according to some embodiments;

[0035] Figure 8 is another structural diagram of a dimming device according to some embodiments;

[0036] Fig. 9 FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a car with a dimming device according to some embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in some embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments provided by the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field belong to the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0038] Unless the context requires otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprise" and other forms thereof, such as the third person singular form "comprises" and the present participle form "comprising", are to be interpreted as open, inclusive, that is, "including, but not limited to". In the description of the specification, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "exemplary embodiments", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" and the like are intended to indicate that specific features, structures, materials or characteristics associated with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. The schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. In addition, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be included in any one or more embodiments or examples in any appropriate manner.

[0039] In the following, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0040] When describing some embodiments, the expressions "coupled" and "connected" and their derivatives may be used. The term "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The term "coupled" indicates, for example, that two or more components are in direct physical or electrical contact. The term "coupled" or "communicatively coupled" may also refer to two or more components that are not in direct contact with each other, but still cooperate or interact with each other. The embodiments disclosed herein are not necessarily limited to the contents of this document.

[0041] “At least one of A, B, and C” has the same meaning as “at least one of A, B, or C” and both include the following combinations of A, B, and C: A only, B only, C only, the combination of A and B, the combination of A and C, the combination of B and C, and the combination of A, B, and C.

[0042] “A and / or B” includes the following three combinations: A only, B only, and a combination of A and B.

[0043] As used herein, the term "if" is optionally interpreted to mean "when" or "upon" or "in response to determining" or "in response to detecting," depending on the context. Similarly, the phrases "if it is determined that" or "if [a stated condition or event] is detected" are optionally interpreted to mean "upon determining that" or "in response to determining that" or "upon detecting [a stated condition or event]" or "in response to detecting [a stated condition or event]," depending on the context.

[0044] The use of "adapted to" or "configured to" herein is meant to be open and inclusive language that does not exclude devices adapted or configured to perform additional tasks or steps.

[0045] Additionally, the use of “based on” is meant to be open and inclusive, as a process, step, calculation, or other action “based on” one or more stated conditions or values ​​may, in practice, be based on additional conditions or values ​​beyond those stated.

[0046] As used herein, "about," "substantially," or "approximately" includes the stated value and an average value that is within an acceptable range of variation from the particular value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art taking into account the measurements in question and the errors associated with the measurement of the particular quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system).

[0047] As used herein, "parallel", "perpendicular", and "equal" include the situations described and situations similar to the situations described, and the range of the similar situations is within the acceptable deviation range, wherein the acceptable deviation range is determined by a person of ordinary skill in the art taking into account the measurement in question and the errors associated with the measurement of a particular quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system). For example, "parallel" includes absolute parallelism and approximate parallelism, wherein the acceptable deviation range of approximate parallelism may be, for example, a deviation within 5°; "perpendicular" includes absolute perpendicularity and approximate perpendicularity, wherein the acceptable deviation range of approximate perpendicularity may also be, for example, a deviation within 5°. "Equal" includes absolute equality and approximate equality, wherein the acceptable deviation range of approximate equality may be, for example, the difference between the two equalities is less than or equal to 5% of either one.

[0048] It will be understood that when a layer or element is referred to as being "on" another layer or substrate, it can be directly on the other layer or substrate, or intervening layers may be present between the layer or element and the other layer or substrate.

[0049] Exemplary embodiments are described herein with reference to cross-sectional views and / or plan views that are idealized exemplary drawings. In the drawings, the thickness of the layers and the area of ​​the regions are exaggerated for clarity. Therefore, variations in the shapes relative to the drawings due to, for example, manufacturing techniques and / or tolerances are conceivable. Therefore, the exemplary embodiments should not be interpreted as being limited to the shapes of the regions shown herein, but include shape deviations due to, for example, manufacturing. For example, an etched region shown as a rectangle will typically have curved features. Therefore, the regions shown in the drawings are schematic in nature, and their shapes are not intended to illustrate the actual shapes of the regions of the device, and are not intended to limit the scope of the exemplary embodiments.

[0050] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a dimming module 100, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the dimming module 100 includes a first substrate layer 10 , a second substrate layer 20 , a dye liquid crystal layer 30 and a polarizing layer 40 .

[0051] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the material of the first substrate layer 10 may include a material with relatively high light transmittance (for example, light transmittance greater than or equal to 85%).

[0052] In some examples, the first substrate layer 10 may be a flexible substrate layer. For example, the material of the first substrate layer 10 includes polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyimide (PI).

[0053] In some examples, the material of the first substrate layer 10 is polyethylene terephthalate. In this case, the water absorption of the first substrate layer 10 is less than 0.5%, the elastic modulus of the first substrate layer 10 is 4.3 Gpa, the tensile strength of the first substrate layer 10 is 154 MPa, the elongation at break of the first substrate layer 10 is 194%, the thermal shrinkage of the first substrate layer 10 is less than 0.01%, the thermal expansion coefficient of the first substrate layer 10 is 37.5 ppm / K, the light transmittance of the first substrate layer 10 is greater than 85%, the haze of the first substrate layer 10 is less than 2%, and the thermal resistance of the first substrate layer 10 is greater than 10000 K / W.

[0054] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the second substrate layer 20 and the first substrate layer 10 are arranged opposite to each other.

[0055] In some examples, the material of the second substrate layer 20 can be the same as the material of the first substrate layer 10. For example, the materials of the second substrate layer 20 and the first substrate layer 10 both include polyethylene terephthalate. In this way, the sameness of the materials in the dimming module 100 can be improved, which is conducive to reducing the manufacturing cost of the dimming module 100.

[0056] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the dye liquid crystal layer 30 is located between the first substrate layer 10 and the second substrate layer 20, and the dye liquid crystal layer 30 includes a plurality of dye molecules 31 and a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 32 ( Figure 1 The black ellipse represents the dye molecule 31, and the white ellipse represents the liquid crystal molecule 32). After the natural light passes through the dye liquid crystal layer 30, it will become linearly polarized light, and the dye liquid crystal layer 30 can change the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light.

[0057] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the polarizing layer 40 is located on one side of the dye liquid crystal layer 30 .

[0058] In some examples, the light transmittance of the polarizing layer 40 is 36% to 42%.

[0059] For example, the light transmittance of the polarizing layer 40 is 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41% or 42%.

[0060] In some examples, the polarization degree of the polarizing layer 40 is greater than or equal to 99%.

[0061] For example, the polarization degree of the polarizing layer 40 is 99% or 100%.

[0062] Based on the above structure, natural light will become linearly polarized light after passing through the dye liquid crystal layer 30. The dye liquid crystal layer 30 can change the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light, thereby changing the angle between the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light and the polarization direction of the polarizing layer 40, thereby changing the transmittance of the dimming module 100.

[0063] Among them, the angle between the polarization direction of the linear polarized light and the polarization direction of the polarizing layer 40 is 90°, the transmittance of the dimming module 100 is the smallest, and the dimming module 100 is in a dark state. The angle between the polarization direction of the linear polarized light and the polarization direction of the polarizing layer 40 is 0°, the transmittance of the dimming module 100 is the largest, and the dimming module 100 is in a bright state.

[0064] In some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the dimming module 100 further includes a first electrode layer 50 , a first alignment layer 60 , a second electrode layer 70 , a second alignment layer 80 , a first sealing glue 90 and a spacer 110 .

[0065] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first electrode layer 50 is located between the first substrate layer 10 and the dye liquid crystal layer 30. The material of the first electrode layer 50 may include a conductive material with high light transmittance. For example, the material of the first electrode layer 50 includes indium tin oxide, gallium oxide or nano silver wire.

[0066] For example, the material of the first electrode layer 50 includes indium tin oxide (ITO). In this way, the first electrode layer 50 has a higher light transmittance and better corrosion resistance.

[0067] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first alignment layer 60 is located between the first electrode layer 50 and the dye liquid crystal layer 30 .

[0068] In some examples, the polarization direction of the polarizing layer 40 is parallel or perpendicular to the alignment direction of the first alignment layer 60. For example, the polarization direction of the polarizing layer 40 is perpendicular to the alignment direction of the first alignment layer 60.

[0069] In some examples, the material of the first alignment layer 60 includes polyimide.

[0070] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the second electrode layer 70 is located between the second substrate layer 20 and the dye liquid crystal layer 30. The material of the second electrode layer 70 can be the same as that of the first electrode layer 50. For example, the materials of the first electrode layer 50 and the second electrode layer 70 are both indium tin oxide. In this way, the identity of the materials in the dimming module 100 can be further improved, and the manufacturing cost of the dimming module 100 can be reduced.

[0071] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the second alignment layer 80 is located between the second electrode layer 70 and the dye liquid crystal layer 30. The material of the second alignment layer 80 can be the same as the material of the first alignment layer 60. For example, the material of the second alignment layer 80 and the material of the first alignment layer 60 both include polyimide. In this way, the identity of the materials in the dimming module 100 can be further improved, and the preparation cost of the dimming module 100 can be reduced.

[0072] In some examples, the alignment direction of the second alignment layer 80 is parallel to the alignment direction of the first alignment layer 60 .

[0073] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first sealant 90 is located between the first alignment layer 60 and the second alignment layer 80 , and surrounds the dye liquid crystal layer 30 .

[0074] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the spacer 110 is located between the first electrode layer 50 and the second alignment layer 80, and penetrates the first alignment layer 60. The spacer 110 is used to support the first substrate layer 10 and the second substrate layer 20, which can reduce the risk of deformation of the first substrate layer 10 and the second substrate layer 20, and reduce the risk of inconsistent thickness of the dye liquid crystal layer 30. The spacer 110 can be a spherical spacer made of glass fiber material, or a rod-shaped spacer made of resin material.

[0075] Based on the above structure, by changing the voltage difference between the first electrode layer 50 and the second electrode layer 70, the angle between the long axis of the dye molecule 31 in the dye liquid crystal layer 30 and the first substrate layer 10, as well as the angle between the long axis of the liquid crystal molecule 32 and the first substrate layer 10 can be changed, thereby changing the polarization direction of the linear polarized light emitted from the dye liquid crystal layer 30, changing the angle between the polarization direction of the linear polarized light and the polarization direction of the polarizing layer 40, and changing the transmittance of the dimming module 100.

[0076] In the related art, when the dimming module is in a dark state, the transmittance of the dimming module is relatively high (for example, the transmittance of the dimming module is 30%), resulting in poor dimming effect of the dimming module. According to the research and analysis of the inventor, the polarizing layer is located on the side of the first substrate layer and the second substrate layer away from the other (for example, the side of the second substrate layer away from the first substrate layer), the first substrate layer has a first optical axis, and the polarization direction of the polarizing layer has a first angle with at least one first optical axis, and the first angle is greater than 0° and less than 90°. The second substrate layer has a second optical axis. The polarization direction of the polarizing layer has a second angle with at least one second optical axis, and the second angle is greater than 0° and less than 90°.

[0077] First, natural light passes through the first substrate layer, and the first optical axis of the first substrate layer will not affect the natural light, and the light passing through the first substrate layer is still natural light. Then, the natural light passing through the first substrate layer will pass through the dye liquid crystal layer. Under the action of the dye liquid crystal layer, the natural light passing through the first substrate layer will become the first linear polarized light, and the polarization direction of the first linear polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the polarizing layer. Next, the first linear polarized light passes through the second substrate layer, and there is a second angle between the second optical axis and the polarization direction of the polarizing layer, that is, there is an angle between the second optical axis and the polarization direction of the first linear polarized light, which will cause the first linear polarized light passing through the second substrate layer to become elliptically polarized light or circularly polarized light. Elliptically polarized light or circularly polarized light can be decomposed into second linear polarized light and third linear polarized light. The polarization direction of the second linear polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the polarizing layer, and the second linear polarized light cannot pass through the linear polarizer. The polarization direction of the third linear polarized light is parallel to the polarization direction of the polarizing layer, and the third linear polarized light can pass through the polarizing layer, resulting in a high transmittance of the dimming module when the dimming module is in a dark state, and the dimming effect of the dimming module is poor.

[0078] In order to solve the above technical problems, some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a dimming module 100, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in the dimming module 100 , the polarizing layer 40 is located between one of the first substrate layer 10 and the second substrate layer 20 and the dye liquid crystal layer 30 . For example, the polarizing layer 40 is located between the second substrate layer 20 and the dye liquid crystal layer 30 .

[0079] At this time, the natural light passes through the first substrate layer 10, and the first optical axis of the first substrate layer 10 will not affect the natural light, and the light passing through the first substrate layer 10 is still natural light. Then, the natural light passing through the first substrate layer 10 will pass through the dye liquid crystal layer 30. Under the action of the dye liquid crystal layer 30, the natural light passing through the first substrate layer 10 will become the first linear polarized light, and the polarization direction of the first linear polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the polarizing layer 40. Then, the first linear polarized light will be emitted to the polarizing layer 40, and the polarization direction of the first linear polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the polarizing layer 40. The first linear polarized light cannot pass through the polarizing layer 40, thereby reducing the transmittance of the dimming module 100. In this way, when the dimming module 100 is in a dark state, the transmittance of the dimming module 100 is low, and the dimming effect of the dimming module 100 is good.

[0080] According to experiments conducted by the inventor, when the dimming module 100 is in a dark state, the light transmittance of the dimming module 100 is 0%.

[0081] In some embodiments, Figure 3As shown, in order to reduce the preparation cost of the dimming module 100, the method for forming the first substrate layer 10 and the second substrate layer 20 is as follows: first, the length and width of the first mother roll 1 are stretched to form the second mother roll 2, then, the second mother roll 2 is divided into a plurality of sub-rolls 3, and then, a portion is taken out from the sub-roll 3 to form the first substrate layer 10 and the second substrate layer 20.

[0082] The directions of the optical axes at different positions in the stretched second mother roll 2 are different. Of course, the stretching process of the second mother roll 2 and the thickness of the film in the second mother roll 2 will also affect the direction of the optical axis. On this basis, the directions of the optical axes at different positions in the sub-rolls 3 obtained by cutting the second mother roll 2 are different. Therefore, the formed first substrate layer 10 has multiple first optical axes, and at least two of the first optical axes have an angle between them, and the formed second substrate layer 20 has multiple second optical axes, and at least two of the second optical axes have an angle between them.

[0083] In some examples, the alignment angle of the optical axis in the second mother roll 2 is as follows: Figure 4 shown. Figure 4 The 0 in represents the position of the first axis, the first axis is perpendicular to the extension direction of the second mother roll 2, and the second mother roll is symmetrically arranged about the first axis, that is, Figure 4 The 0 in represents the middle position of the second mother roll. Figure 4 The negative sign in represents the position to the left of the first axis, and the positive sign represents the position to the right of the first axis.

[0084] It should be noted that the alignment angle refers to the angle between the arrangement direction of molecules or particles (optical axis) in the film and a reference direction (usually the extension direction of the parent roll or the sub-roll).

[0085] In some examples, the width of the second mother roll 2 is 4 m to 6 m.

[0086] For example, the width of the second mother roll 2 is 4 m, 4.2 m, 4.3 m, 4.5 m, 4.8 m, 4.9 m, 5 m, 5.2 m, 5.3 m, 5.6 m, 5.8 m, 5.9 m or 6 m.

[0087] In some examples, the width of sub-roll 3 is 0.5 m to 1.5 m.

[0088] For example, the width of the sub-roll 3 is 0.5 m, 0.6 m, 0.7 m, 0.8 m, 0.9 m, 1 m, 1.1 m, 1.2 m, 1.3 m, 1.4 m, or 1.5 m.

[0089] In some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the polarizing layer 40 is located between the dye liquid crystal layer 30 and the second substrate layer 20 , and the thickness of the second substrate layer 20 is less than the thickness of the first substrate layer 10 .

[0090] In this way, the thickness of the second substrate layer 20 is relatively small, so the thickness of the dimming module 100 can be reduced, which is conducive to making the dimming module 100 lighter and thinner.

[0091] In some examples, the thickness of the first substrate layer 10 is 100 μm to 200 μm.

[0092] For example, the thickness of the first base layer 10 is 100 μm, 105 μm, 110 μm, 113 μm, 118 μm, 125 μm, 130 μm, 150 μm, 170 μm, 180 μm, or 200 μm.

[0093] In some examples, the thickness of the first substrate layer 10 is 50 μm to 200 μm.

[0094] For example, the thickness of the first substrate layer 10 is 50 μm, 55 μm, 60 μm, 70 μm, 78 μm, 84 μm, 90 μm, 100 μm, 110 μm, 125 μm, 138 μm, 143 μm, 154 μm, 166 μm, 170 μm, 180 μm, 190 μm or 200 μm.

[0095] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the polarizing layer 40 is located between the dye liquid crystal layer 30 and the second substrate layer 20. The dimming module 100 further includes a first protective layer 120 and a first adhesive layer 130.

[0096] like Figure 1 As shown, the first protective layer 120 is located between the polarizing layer 40 and the second substrate layer 20. The first protective layer 120 is used to protect the polarizing layer 40, and can reduce the risk of the polarizing layer 40 being scratched and damaged.

[0097] like Figure 1 As shown, the first adhesive layer 130 is located between the first protective layer 120 and the second substrate layer 20 , and the first adhesive layer 130 is bonded to the first protective layer 120 and the second substrate layer 20 .

[0098] In some examples, the material of the first adhesive layer 130 may include other adhesive materials with high light transmittance (for example, light transmittance greater than or equal to 90%) such as optically clear adhesive (OCA) or pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA). For example, the material of the first adhesive layer 130 includes pressure sensitive adhesive.

[0099] In other embodiments, Figure 2As shown, the polarizing layer 40 is located between the dye liquid crystal layer 30 and the second substrate layer 20 , and is in contact with the second substrate layer 20 .

[0100] In this way, the polarizing layer 40 and the second substrate layer 20 together serve as the base of the second electrode layer 70 , and the dimming module 100 includes fewer film layers, which can reduce the thickness of the dimming module 100 and facilitate the lightness and thinness of the dimming module 100 .

[0101] The polarizing layer 40 and the second substrate layer 20 together serve as the base of the second electrode layer 70, which means that the second electrode layer 70 uses the polarizing layer 40 and the second substrate layer 20 as a substrate, and the second electrode layer 70 is formed on the polarizing layer 40 and the second substrate layer 20 through a film forming process (such as deposition, photolithography, etc.).

[0102] In some examples, the polarizing layer 40 may be formed on the second substrate layer 20 by a magnetron sputtering process.

[0103] In some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the dimming module 100 further includes a second protective layer 140. The second protective layer 140 is located between the polarizing layer 40 and the dye liquid crystal layer 30. The second protective layer 140 is used to protect the polarizing layer 40, and can reduce the risk of the polarizing layer 40 being scratched and damaged.

[0104] In some examples, the material of the second protection layer 140 may be the same as the material of the first protection layer 120 .

[0105] By configuring in this manner, the sameness of the materials in the dimming module 100 can be improved, and the manufacturing cost of the dimming module 100 can be reduced.

[0106] In some embodiments, the temperature of the polarizing layer 40 is less than or equal to the first temperature, and the polarization degree of the polarizing layer 40 is greater than or equal to 99%.

[0107] In some examples, the material of the polarizing layer 40 includes polyvinyl alcohol and a dye, so that when the temperature of the polarizing layer 40 is less than or equal to the first temperature, the polarization degree of the polarizing layer 40 is greater than or equal to 99%.

[0108] In some examples, the first temperature is greater than or equal to a curing temperature of the first sealant 90 .

[0109] In this way, during the curing process of the first frame sealant 90 , the curing temperature of the first frame sealant 90 will not damage the structure of the polarizing layer 40 , thereby enhancing the service life of the polarizing layer 40 .

[0110] Exemplarily, the curing temperature of the first sealant 90 is less than or equal to 120° C., and in this case, the first temperature is greater than or equal to 120° C.

[0111] In other examples, such as Figure 2 As shown, the second electrode layer 70 is located between the dye liquid crystal layer 30 and the second protective layer 140 and contacts the second protective layer 140. The second electrode layer 70 is formed on the second protective layer 140 by a magnetron sputtering process. The first temperature is greater than or equal to the annealing temperature of the second electrode layer 70.

[0112] In this way, during the preparation of the second electrode layer 70 , the annealing temperature of the second electrode layer 70 will not damage the structure of the polarizing layer 40 , thereby enhancing the service life of the polarizing layer 40 .

[0113] Exemplarily, the annealing temperature of the first sealant 90 is less than or equal to 150° C., and in this case, the first temperature is greater than or equal to 150° C.

[0114] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, some embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a dimming device 1000 , which further includes a first substrate 1010 , a second substrate 1020 , a dimming module 100 as in any of the above embodiments, a second adhesive layer 1030 , and a second frame sealant 1040 .

[0115] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the first substrate 1010 and the second substrate 1020 are arranged opposite to each other. The materials of the first substrate 1010 and the second substrate 1020 may include materials with high light transmittance (for example, light transmittance greater than 85%). For example, the materials of the first substrate 1010 and the second substrate 1020 may include tempered glass.

[0116] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the dimming module 100 is located between the first substrate 1010 and the second substrate 1020, and the first substrate 1010 is located on the side of the first substrate layer 10 away from the second substrate layer 20. The polarizing layer 40 is located between the dye liquid crystal layer 30 and the second substrate layer 20.

[0117] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the second adhesive layer 1030 is located between the first substrate 1010 and the first base material layer 10, and the second adhesive layer 1030 is bonded to the first substrate 1010 and the first base material layer 10. The second adhesive layer 1030 is configured to reflect, absorb or scatter ultraviolet light.

[0118] Arranged in this way, the second adhesive layer 1030 can shield ultraviolet light and reduce the transmittance of ultraviolet light, which is beneficial to improving the thermal insulation performance of the dimming device.

[0119] In some examples, the material of the second adhesive layer 1030 includes an adhesive material with high light transmittance, such as polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), or Sentry Glas Plus (SGP). For example, the material of the second adhesive layer 1030 includes PVB.

[0120] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the second sealing glue 1040 is located between the first substrate 1010 and the second substrate 1020 and surrounds the dimming module 100 .

[0121] In some examples, the material of the second adhesive layer 1030 may be the same as the material of the first adhesive layer 130 , so that the identity of the materials in the dimming device 1000 can be improved and the manufacturing cost of the dimming device 1000 can be reduced.

[0122] In some embodiments, Figure 5 As shown, there is a gap between the second substrate 1020 and the second base material layer 20 .

[0123] In other embodiments, Figure 6 As shown, the dimming device further includes a third adhesive layer 1060, and the third adhesive layer 1060 is located between the second substrate 1020 and the second base material layer 20. The third adhesive layer 1060 is configured to reflect, absorb or scatter infrared light.

[0124] Arranged in this way, the third adhesive layer 1060 can shield infrared light and reduce the transmittance of infrared light, which is beneficial to improving the thermal insulation performance of the dimming device.

[0125] In some embodiments, the dimming device 1000 includes a plurality of dimming modules 100. The orthographic projections of any two dimming modules 100 on the first substrate 1010 are staggered, that is, the plurality of dimming modules 100 are arranged side by side. There is a third angle between the first optical axes of at least two dimming modules 100, and the third angle is greater than 0° and less than 90°.

[0126] In some examples, the plurality of dimming modules 100 may be arranged in multiple rows and columns, for example, each row of dimming modules 100 includes at least two dimming modules 100 arranged along a first direction X, and each column of dimming modules 100 includes at least two dimming modules 100 arranged along a second direction Y. The first direction X intersects the second direction Y, for example, the first direction X is perpendicular to the second direction Y.

[0127] In some embodiments, Figure 7As shown, the dimming device 1000 further includes a first substrate 1010 , a second substrate 1020 , a second adhesive layer 1030 and a second sealant 1040 . The second sealant 1040 is located between the first substrate 1010 and the second substrate 1020 and surrounds the plurality of dimming modules 100 .

[0128] In other embodiments, Figure 8 As shown, the dimming device 1000 further includes a plurality of first substrates 1010, a plurality of second substrates 1020, a plurality of second adhesive layers 1030, and a plurality of second frame sealants 1040. A second substrate 1020 is disposed opposite to a first substrate 1010. A second adhesive layer 1030 is located between the first substrate 1010 and the second substrate 1020 disposed oppositely, and is bonded to the first substrate 1010. A dimming module 100 is located between the second adhesive layer 1030 and the second substrate 1020, and is bonded to the second adhesive layer 1030. A second frame sealant 1040 is located between the first substrate 1010 and the second substrate 1020 disposed oppositely, and surrounds a dimming module 100.

[0129] On this basis, if Figure 8 As shown, the dimming device 1000 further includes a fixing frame 1050 , which surrounds the plurality of first substrates 1010 and the plurality of second substrates 1020 and is used to fix the first substrates 1010 and the plurality of second substrates 1020 .

[0130] In some examples, the material of the fixing frame 1050 includes aluminum alloy.

[0131] In some embodiments, the embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a dimming structure, the dimming structure includes the dimming module 100 or the dimming device 1000 of any of the above embodiments, and the dimming structure includes one of a skylight, a curtain wall, a rail transit vehicle, and a car.

[0132] The dimming module 100 or the dimming device 1000 can be applied in the field of architecture. For example, the dimming module 100 or the dimming device 1000 is applied to a skylight or a curtain wall. The dimming module 100 or the dimming device 1000 can be applied to the glass of the partition. Compared with the case where a brick wall is used to separate a room in the field of architecture, the dimming module 100 or the dimming device 1000 of the embodiment of the present disclosure is thinner, so that the dimming module 100 or the dimming device 1000 can save space. The company logo can also be displayed on the dimming module 100 or the dimming device 1000. In this case, the dimming structure including the dimming module 100 or the dimming device 1000 can be, for example, a skylight, a curtain wall, etc.

[0133] The dimming module 100 or the dimming device 1000 can also be applied to the field of transportation. For example, the dimming module 100 or the dimming device 1000 is applied to rail transportation vehicles or cars. Rail transportation vehicles may include subways, light rails, aerial rail trains, trams, and maglev trains, which are not listed one by one in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Automobiles may include passenger cars, commercial vehicles, trucks, or buses, which are not listed one by one in the embodiments of the present disclosure. In this case, the dimming structure including the dimming module 100 or the dimming device 1000 may be, for example, a rail transportation vehicle, a car, or the like.

[0134] The implementation of the present disclosure is illustrated by taking the dimming structure of the car 2000 as an example. Fig. 9 As shown, the car 2000 includes a car body 2010 and a window glass 2020 installed on the car body 2010. The window glass 2020 can be one or more of the front window glass, skylight glass, rear window glass or side window glass of the car. The window glass 2020 includes the dimming module 100 or the dimming device 1000 of any of the above embodiments.

[0135] When the dimming structure includes a skylight and a curtain wall, the polarizing layer 40 is located between the dye liquid crystal layer 30 and the second substrate layer 20 , and the first substrate layer 10 is closer to the outdoors than the second substrate layer 20 .

[0136] When the dimming structure includes a rail vehicle and a car, the polarizing layer 40 is located between the dye liquid crystal layer 30 and the second substrate layer 20 , and the first substrate layer 10 is closer to the outside of the vehicle than the second substrate layer 20 .

[0137] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0138] The above are only specific embodiments of the present disclosure, but the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that a person skilled in the art can think of within the technical scope disclosed in the present disclosure should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A dimming module, characterized in that: include: a first substrate layer; The first substrate layer has a first optical axis; A second substrate layer, disposed opposite to the first substrate layer; The second substrate layer has a second optical axis; a dye liquid crystal layer, located between the first substrate layer and the second substrate layer; A polarizing layer is located between one of the first substrate layer and the second substrate layer and the dye liquid crystal layer; a polarization direction of the polarizing layer has a first angle with at least one of the first optical axes, and the first angle is greater than 0° and less than 90°; a polarization direction of the polarizing layer has a second angle with at least one of the second optical axes, and the second angle is greater than 0° and less than 90°.

2. The dimming module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first substrate layer has a plurality of first optical axes, and at least two of the first optical axes have an angle therebetween; and / or the second substrate layer has a plurality of second optical axes, and at least two of the second optical axes have an angle therebetween.

3. The dimming module according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The polarizing layer is located between the dye liquid crystal layer and the second substrate layer; and the thickness of the second substrate layer is less than that of the first substrate layer.

4. The dimming module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The thickness of the first substrate layer is 100 μm to 200 μm; and / or the thickness of the second substrate layer is 50 μm to 200 μm.

5. The dimming module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The polarizing layer is located between the dye liquid crystal layer and the second substrate layer; The dimming module also includes: A first protective layer, located between the polarizing layer and the second substrate layer; The first adhesive layer is located between the first protective layer and the second substrate layer, and the first adhesive layer is bonded to the first protective layer and the second substrate layer.

6. The dimming module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The polarizing layer is located between the dye liquid crystal layer and the second substrate layer, and is in contact with the second substrate layer.

7. The dimming module according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: Also includes: The second protective layer is located between the dye liquid crystal layer and the polarizing layer and is in contact with the polarizing layer.

8. The dimming module according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also includes: a second electrode layer, located between the dye liquid crystal layer and the second protective layer, and in contact with the second protective layer; The frame-sealing glue is located between the first substrate layer and the second substrate layer and surrounds the dye liquid crystal layer.

9. The dimming module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The temperature of the polarizing layer is less than or equal to a first temperature, the polarization degree of the polarizing layer is greater than or equal to 99%, the first temperature is greater than or equal to an annealing temperature of the second electrode layer, and / or the first temperature is greater than or equal to a curing temperature of the frame sealant.

10. The dimming module according to claim 9, characterized in that: The material of the polarizing layer includes polyvinyl alcohol and dye.

11. The dimming module according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The material of the first substrate layer includes polyethylene terephthalate.

12. A dimming device, characterized in that: include: A first substrate and a second substrate arranged opposite to each other; The dimming module according to any one of claims 1 to 11, located between the first substrate and the second substrate, and the first substrate is located on a side of the first substrate layer away from the second substrate layer; the polarizing layer is located between the dye liquid crystal layer and the second substrate layer; The second adhesive layer is located between the first substrate and the first base material layer and is bonded to the first substrate and the first base material layer. The second adhesive layer is configured to reflect, absorb or scatter ultraviolet light.

13. The dimming device according to claim 12, characterized in that: There is a gap between the second substrate and the second base material layer.

14. The dimming device according to claim 12, characterized in that: Also includes: a third adhesive layer, located between the second substrate and the second base material layer, and bonded to the second substrate and the second base material layer; The third adhesive layer is configured to reflect, absorb or scatter infrared light.

15. The dimming device according to claim 14, characterized in that: The thickness of the third adhesive layer is smaller than the thickness of the second adhesive layer.

16. The dimming device according to any one of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of dimming modules, and the orthographic projections of any two of the dimming modules on the first substrate are staggered; a third angle exists between the first optical axes of at least two of the dimming modules, and the third angle is greater than 0° and less than 90°.

17. The dimming device according to claim 16, characterized in that: It comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a second adhesive layer; the plurality of dimming modules are located between the second substrate and the second adhesive layer, and each of the dimming modules is bonded to the second adhesive layer.

18. The dimming device according to claim 16, characterized in that: The method comprises a plurality of the first substrates, a plurality of the second substrates and a plurality of the second adhesive layers; one of the second substrates is arranged opposite to one of the first substrates; and one adhesive layer is located between the first substrate and the second substrate which are arranged opposite to each other and is bonded to one of the first substrates; One dimming module is located between the second adhesive layer and the second substrate, and is bonded to one of the second adhesive layers.

19. A dimming structure, characterized in that: It comprises a dimming module as described in any one of claims 1 to 11, or a dimming device as described in any one of claims 12 to 18; the dimming structure comprises one of a curtain wall, a skylight, a rail transit vehicle and a passenger car; wherein the polarizing layer is located between the dye liquid crystal layer and the second substrate layer, and the first substrate layer is closer to the outside of the vehicle or outdoors than the second substrate layer.

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