A building safety performance evaluation method and system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of civil engineering technology, and specifically to a method and system for evaluating the safety performance of a building, comprising the following steps: using a three-dimensional laser scanning device to collect image information of the internal and external dimensions and structure of a building, analyzing the building's external dimensions and internal structure, constructing a three-dimensional building information model in real time, and outputting a three-dimensional structural data set. In the present invention, by collecting the building's size and structural information, constructing a building information model, and identifying cracks and structural defects, the safety status of the building is promptly assessed, the performance of various building materials under differentiated environmental conditions is analyzed, the ability to predict the durability of the building is enhanced, and an accurate assessment of the building's structural stability and durability is achieved. Taking into account the impact of fire and natural disasters, a comprehensive assessment of the building's safety performance is achieved, the predictability of building safety is improved, the risk of accidents is reduced, and the safety of residents' lives and property is protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering, and in particular to a building safety performance evaluation method and system. Background Art

[0002] The field of civil engineering technology focuses on the design, construction, and maintenance of various public engineering facilities, including bridges, roads, dams, and buildings. It covers geological engineering, structural engineering, transportation engineering, environmental engineering, and water resources engineering. By utilizing scientific principles and mathematical methods, taking into account cost-effectiveness and environmental impact, it ensures the stability and durability of building structures. In combination with material science, it analyzes the application of various building materials such as steel, concrete, and composites to improve the safety and functionality of projects and ensure the economy and environmental friendliness of construction projects.

[0003] Among them, the building safety performance assessment method aims to prevent construction accidents by analyzing the structural safety and stability of the building, ensure the safety of personnel and the long-term use of the building, prevent accidents and disasters, and protect the safety of people and property living or using the building. It includes a comprehensive assessment of the building's design, materials, construction quality, and historical maintenance records, aiming to identify structural defects and weak links, and carry out repair and reinforcement measures based on the assessment results to extend the service life of the building and maintain the investment value and the safety of the occupants.

[0004] Traditional building safety performance assessment methods still have shortcomings in the early identification and accuracy of structural defects. They rely on manual inspection and simple mechanical equipment, resulting in an incomplete assessment of structural defects and increasing the safety risks brought by unidentified defects. They are insufficient in predicting material degradation and assessing the impact of environmental factors on building performance. They are unable to effectively predict and prevent the impact of natural disasters on buildings, affecting personnel safety and causing significant economic losses. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a building safety performance evaluation method and system.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution, a building safety performance assessment method, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: Based on 3D laser scanning equipment, it collects image information of the internal and external dimensions and structure of the building. By analyzing the building's external dimensions and internal structure, it constructs a 3D building information model in real time and outputs a 3D structural data set.

[0008] S2: Based on the three-dimensional structural data set, by analyzing the scan data, identifying cracks and structural defects on the interior and exterior walls of the building, recording the size, shape and location of multiple defects, and generating crack identification information;

[0009] S3: Based on the crack identification information, by analyzing the performance of various building materials under various environmental conditions, predicting the performance degradation trend of the materials, combining with the building information model, simulating the stress distribution state, and evaluating the stability of the building foundation, thereby generating structural stability assessment information;

[0010] S4: Based on the structural stability assessment information, according to the material performance data and stress distribution state, analyze the durability of multiple components of the target building, predict the service life of the building, and generate a building life prediction result;

[0011] S5: Based on the building life prediction result, using a building information model, simulate and analyze the fire resistance performance of the target building to generate fire resistance performance evaluation information;

[0012] S6: Based on the fire resistance performance evaluation information, analyze the stability and safety of the target building under various natural disasters, evaluate the safety performance of the building, and generate a safety performance evaluation score.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention, the three-dimensional structural data set includes the building's facade, cross-sectional information, and hierarchical layout diagram; the crack identification information includes crack geometric dimension information, crack type identification information, and crack location information; the structural stability assessment information includes settlement measurement data, bearing capacity loss prediction information, and slip surface prediction results; the building life prediction results include maintenance demand prediction information, building component durability assessment information, and expected service life of the building; the fire resistance performance assessment information includes material burning rate, smoke toxicity level, and structural integrity retention time; and the safety performance assessment score includes stability rating information of the structure under various disaster conditions, safe exit time estimation, and evacuation efficiency assessment data.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention, a 3D laser scanning device is used to collect image information of the internal and external dimensions and structure of a building, and a 3D building information model is constructed in real time by analyzing the building's external dimensions and internal structure. The steps of outputting a 3D structural data set are as follows:

[0015] S101: Scanning the interior and exterior of a building using a 3D laser scanning device to collect scanned images of the building's exterior facade and interior structure to obtain a scanned image set;

[0016] S102: Based on the scanned image set, performing noise reduction and contrast adjustment on the image data to optimize image quality and clarity, thereby obtaining an image data processing result;

[0017] S103: Based on the image data processing result, analyze the external dimensions and internal structure of the building, construct a three-dimensional building information model, and generate a three-dimensional structure data set.

[0018] As a further embodiment of the present invention, based on the three-dimensional structural data set, cracks and structural defects on the interior and exterior walls of the building are identified by analyzing the scanned data, and the size, shape, and location of multiple defects are recorded. The steps of generating crack identification information are specifically as follows:

[0019] S201: Based on the three-dimensional structure data set, by analyzing the scanned image, identifying wall cracks, joints and water seepage traces, and obtaining defect location results;

[0020] S202: Based on the defect location results, extract and analyze the crack area image, measure the geometric shapes of multiple cracks, including length, width, and depth, and obtain defect analysis results;

[0021] S203: Based on the defect analysis results, the identified cracks and structural defects are recorded, including the location, size, type and morphological information of the defects, and mapped and marked on the three-dimensional geometric model to generate crack identification information.

[0022] As a further embodiment of the present invention, based on the crack identification information, the performance of various building materials under various environmental conditions is analyzed to predict the performance degradation trend of the materials. In combination with the building information model, the stress distribution state is simulated and the stability of the building foundation is evaluated. The steps of generating structural stability assessment information are specifically as follows:

[0023] S301: Based on the crack identification information, analyzing the reaction speed and degradation process of various building materials under different environmental conditions, combining the meteorological conditions of the target area, analyzing the material performance of the target building, and obtaining material degradation analysis results;

[0024] S302: Using the material degradation analysis results, simulating the stress distribution of the building structure using a building information model to obtain stress distribution state information;

[0025] S303: Based on the stress distribution state information, and according to the material and structure of the target building foundation, the foundation stability of the target building is evaluated to generate structural stability evaluation information.

[0026] As a further embodiment of the present invention, based on the structural stability assessment information, the durability of multiple components of the target building is analyzed according to material performance data and stress distribution state, and the service life of the building is predicted. The steps of generating the building life prediction result are specifically as follows:

[0027] S401: Based on the structural stability assessment information, according to the material performance data of multiple key components in the target building and in combination with the stress distribution state, the durability of the multiple components is assessed to obtain component performance analysis results;

[0028] S402: Analyze and predict performance changes and service lives of multiple components under differentiated usage conditions based on the component performance analysis results to obtain component durability prediction results;

[0029] S403: Based on the component durability prediction results, combined with the prediction model and actual usage conditions, the expected life of the target building is calculated to generate a building life prediction result.

[0030] As a further solution of the present invention, the specific formula for calculating the expected life of the target building is:

[0031] in, represents the predicted total building life, is the intercept of the model, represents the number of features used in the model, It is an index of characteristics, including the type and quality of building materials, historical maintenance records, environmental conditions, and loads or pressures borne by the building. Representative The importance weight of the feature, Representative The actual observed value of the feature, Represents the correlation coefficient between building usage conditions and expected lifespan.

[0032] As a further embodiment of the present invention, based on the building life prediction results, the steps of simulating and analyzing the fire resistance performance of the target building using a building information model to generate fire resistance performance assessment information are as follows:

[0033] S501: Based on the building life prediction result and the material data of the target building, simulate and analyze the response states of various building materials under fire scenarios, record the thermal expansion, burning rate, and structural deformation data of the materials, and obtain material thermal response data;

[0034] S502: Based on the material thermal response data, a building information model is used to simulate various fire scenarios, calculate the degree of structural bearing capacity loss of the material under various scenarios, evaluate the fire resistance performance of the material, including the fire resistance duration at various temperatures, and obtain fire resistance simulation results;

[0035] S503: Using the fire resistance simulation results, analyze the fire resistance performance of the target building, including analyzing the temperature change and burning rate during the fire, the structural stability and reconstruction requirements after the fire, and generate fire resistance performance evaluation information.

[0036] As a further embodiment of the present invention, based on the fire resistance performance evaluation information, the stability and safety of the target building under various natural disasters are analyzed, the safety performance of the building is evaluated, and the steps of generating a safety performance evaluation score are specifically as follows:

[0037] S601: Based on the fire resistance performance evaluation information, using a building information model, setting and inputting simulation parameters of multiple natural disasters, including intensity and duration, to obtain a disaster simulation parameter set;

[0038] S602: Applying the disaster simulation parameter set, simulating the impact of various disasters, including floods, earthquakes, and typhoons, calculating the stress response and structural changes of the building under various disaster conditions, and obtaining disaster impact simulation results;

[0039] S603: Based on the disaster impact simulation results, the stability and safety of the target building are evaluated, and the safe exit time and evacuation efficiency of the building are predicted to generate a safety performance evaluation score.

[0040] A building safety performance evaluation system, the building safety performance evaluation system is used to perform the above-mentioned building safety performance evaluation method, the system comprising:

[0041] The 3D scanning module uses 3D laser scanning equipment to capture images of the building's internal and external structures, construct a 3D building information model, and uses image processing to identify wall cracks and structural defects, record the size and location of the defects, and generate crack identification information.

[0042] The material performance analysis module evaluates the performance of various building materials under differentiated environmental conditions based on the crack identification information, simulates the stress distribution state of the target building, and evaluates the stability of the foundation to generate structural stability assessment information;

[0043] The durability assessment module uses the structural stability assessment information to analyze the durability of multiple components in the building, predict the service life of the structure, and evaluate maintenance needs to generate a building life prediction result;

[0044] The fire resistance analysis module evaluates the fire resistance of the target building based on the building life prediction results by modeling the performance of building materials under various fire scenarios and generates fire resistance evaluation information;

[0045] The building safety assessment module uses the fire resistance performance assessment information to simulate various natural disaster scenarios, including floods, earthquakes, and typhoons, analyze the stability and safety of buildings under various disaster conditions, evaluate the safety performance of buildings, and generate a safety performance assessment score.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0047] In the present invention, by collecting the size and structural information of the building, constructing a building information model, and identifying cracks and structural defects, the safety status of the building is timely evaluated, the performance of various building materials under differentiated environmental conditions is analyzed, the predictive ability of the durability of the building is enhanced, and the accurate evaluation of the structural stability and durability of the building is achieved. Taking into account the impact of fire and natural disasters, a comprehensive evaluation of the safety performance of the building is achieved, the predictability of the building safety is improved, the risk of accidents is reduced, and the safety of life and property of residents is protected. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the workflow of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 This is a detailed flow chart of S1 of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 This is a detailed flow chart of S2 of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 4 This is a detailed flow chart of S3 of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 5 This is a detailed flow chart of S4 of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 6 This is a detailed flow chart of S5 of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 7 This is a detailed flow chart of S6 of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 8 It is a system flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0057] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length," "width," "up," "down," "front," "back," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inside," "outside," and the like, indicating positions or relationships, are based on the positions or relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended only to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, in the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise expressly and specifically defined.

[0058] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution, a building safety performance evaluation method, comprising the following steps:

[0059] S1: Based on 3D laser scanning equipment, it collects image information of the internal and external dimensions and structure of the building. By analyzing the building's external dimensions and internal structure, it constructs a 3D building information model in real time and outputs a 3D structural data set.

[0060] S2: Based on the 3D structural data set, the scanning data is analyzed to identify cracks and structural defects on the interior and exterior walls of the building, and the size, shape and location of multiple defects are recorded to generate crack identification information;

[0061] S3: Based on crack identification information, the performance of various building materials under various environmental conditions is analyzed to predict the performance degradation trend of the materials. Combined with the building information model, the stress distribution state is simulated and the stability of the building foundation is evaluated to generate structural stability assessment information;

[0062] S4: Based on the structural stability assessment information, material performance data and stress distribution state, the durability of multiple components of the target building is analyzed, the service life of the building is predicted, and the building life prediction results are generated;

[0063] S5: Based on the building life prediction results, use the building information model to simulate and analyze the fire resistance performance of the target building to form fire resistance performance assessment information;

[0064] S6: Based on the fire resistance performance assessment information, analyze the stability and safety of the target building under various natural disasters, evaluate the safety performance of the building, and generate a safety performance assessment score.

[0065] The three-dimensional structural data set includes the building's facade, cross-sectional information, and floor plan. Crack identification information includes crack geometry information, crack type identification information, and crack location information. Structural stability assessment information includes settlement measurement data, bearing capacity loss prediction information, and slip surface prediction results. Building life prediction results include maintenance demand prediction information, building component durability assessment information, and the expected service life of the building. Fire resistance performance assessment information includes material burning rate, smoke toxicity level, and structural integrity retention time. Safety performance assessment scores include stability rating information of the structure under various disaster conditions, safe exit time estimation, and evacuation efficiency assessment data.

[0066] See also Figure 2 , based on 3D laser scanning equipment, collect image information of the internal and external dimensions and structure of the building, and build a 3D building information model in real time by analyzing the building's external dimensions and internal structure. The specific steps for outputting the 3D structure data set are as follows:

[0067] S101: Scanning the interior and exterior of a building using a 3D laser scanning device to collect scanned images of the building's exterior facade and interior structure to obtain a scanned image set;

[0068] In sub-step S101, the interior and exterior of the building are scanned using a three-dimensional laser scanning device to obtain an image dataset of the building's exterior and internal structure. Laser distance measurement technology is used to calculate the distance using the time difference between the laser and the object's reflection, providing spatial three-dimensional coordinate information. According to the intensity of the reflected laser, the scanning parameters are automatically adjusted to adapt to different surface materials and colors to optimize data acquisition accuracy. During the scanning process, the real-time transmission of the data is monitored, and adjustments are made immediately to data transmission interruptions or quality problems to ensure the integrity and reliability of the dataset. The data obtained through scanning is stored in an internal hard disk and then transmitted to the main server for backup and preliminary processing, such as image stitching and preliminary correction, to ensure that the collected data accurately reflects the actual situation of the building.

[0069] S102: Based on the scanned image set, performing noise reduction and contrast adjustment on the image data to optimize image quality and clarity, thereby obtaining an image data processing result;

[0070] In sub-step S102, noise reduction and contrast adjustment are performed based on the collected scanned image set. The Gaussian blur algorithm is used to pre-process the image to reduce random noise in the image. The histogram equalization technology is used to improve the contrast and visual effect of the image. Through the target processing steps, the details and quality of the image are optimized for image analysis and processing. Each image file is inspected to ensure that the quality of the processed image meets the predetermined standards. The parameters of the images with poor processing effects are readjusted for secondary processing. The processing results are recorded in the work log, including the image comparison before and after processing, the algorithm type and parameter settings used, and the image data processing results obtained.

[0071] S103: Based on the image data processing results, analyze the building's external dimensions and internal structure, construct a three-dimensional building information model, and generate a three-dimensional structure data set;

[0072] In the above content, based on the image data processing results, the building's external dimensions and internal structure are analyzed, and according to the formula Calculate the distance between two points to verify the accuracy of the model;

[0073] Where, 、 、 Represents the three-dimensional coordinates of the first point, 、 、 Represents the three-dimensional coordinates of the second point, Represents the Euclidean distance between two points;

[0074] Detailed explanation of the formula and the process of formula calculation and derivation:

[0075] Assume that the coordinates of the first point are , the coordinates of the second point are ,calculate :

[0076] The result of 7.07m indicates the distance between the two points. This result is used to verify the accuracy of the 3D building model, ensuring that subsequent structural analysis and building assessment are based on accurate data.

[0077] See also Figure 3 Based on the 3D structural data set, the scanning data is analyzed to identify cracks and structural defects on the interior and exterior walls of the building, and the size, shape and location of multiple defects are recorded. The specific steps for generating crack identification information are as follows:

[0078] S201: Based on the 3D structure data set, the scanned image is analyzed to identify wall cracks, joints, and water seepage traces, and obtain defect location results;

[0079] In sub-step S201, based on the three-dimensional structural dataset, the image recognition algorithm support vector machine and deep learning model are used, and the convolutional neural network is used to identify and classify the structural defects of the wall, including cracks, joints and traces of water seepage. The target algorithm is trained to recognize specific patterns and texture differences in the image, perform image segmentation, and distinguish defective areas from normal structural areas. Each identified defective area will be marked and recorded in the system, including the location of the defect and preliminary assessment information. The target data will be entered into the database, and the obtained defect location results will be used to guide subsequent defect analysis and repair work.

[0080] S202: Based on the defect location results, extract and analyze the crack area image, measure the geometric shapes of multiple cracks, including length, width, and depth, and obtain defect analysis results;

[0081] In sub-step S202, the crack area image is analyzed using the identified defect positioning results. The process uses image processing technologies such as edge detection and image segmentation technology. The target technology helps to accurately measure the geometric shape of the crack, including the length, width and depth of the crack. Automatic measurement tools such as digital image processing software are used to perform dimensional analysis on the crack image to ensure the accuracy and repeatability of the measurement results. In the analysis results, the dimensional data of each crack will be recorded in detail and compared with historical data to evaluate the development trend of the crack and obtain the defect analysis results. The target results provide the building maintenance team with a data basis for performing repair operations.

[0082] S203: Based on the defect analysis results, the identified cracks and structural defects are recorded, including the location, size, type, and morphology of the defects, and mapped and marked on the three-dimensional geometric model to generate crack identification information;

[0083] In sub-step S203, the analyzed cracks and structural defects are recorded and classified, including the location, size, type, and morphology of each defect. Three-dimensional building information modeling software, such as Autodesk Revit or BIM software, is used to map and mark the target information on the 3D model to ensure that each defect is accurately displayed in the model. Visualization helps engineers and maintenance teams better understand the situation and impact of the defects, and automatically generates defect records, including images and data analysis results, to ensure that relevant information is properly managed and utilized. The completed crack identification information is used as part of the maintenance and repair plan, providing technical support and data basis for subsequent decision-making.

[0084] See also Figure 4Based on the crack identification information, the performance of various building materials under various environmental conditions is analyzed to predict the performance degradation trend of the materials. Combined with the building information model, the stress distribution state is simulated and the stability of the building foundation is evaluated. The specific steps for generating structural stability assessment information are as follows:

[0085] S301: Based on the crack identification information, the reaction speed and degradation process of various building materials under different environmental conditions are analyzed. In combination with the meteorological conditions of the target area, the material performance of the target building is analyzed to obtain the material degradation analysis results.

[0086] In sub-step S301, crack identification information is used to evaluate the degradation rates and reactivity of different building materials, such as concrete, steel, and wood, under various environmental conditions. Chemical reaction rate equations and material science analysis models, such as the Arrhenius equation, are used to predict the impact of temperature and humidity changes on material properties. Model parameters are set based on specific meteorological data of the target area, such as temperature, humidity, and UV intensity. The performance degradation curve of each material is accurately calculated and compared with experimental data to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the analysis results. The obtained material degradation analysis results record the degradation characteristics and rates of various materials under specific environmental conditions, providing a scientific basis for subsequent building maintenance and repair.

[0087] S302: Using the material degradation analysis results, the building information model is used to simulate the stress distribution of the building structure to obtain stress distribution state information;

[0088] In sub-step S302, based on the results of material degradation analysis, building information modeling software such as BIM and finite element analysis software are used to simulate the stress distribution of the building structure under actual loads and environmental influences. Material performance parameters in the model, such as elastic modulus and yield strength, are set. Target parameters are adjusted according to the degradation analysis results. Stress concentration areas and structural fatigue points are recorded during the simulation process. Color coding is used to intuitively display the stress distribution status on the three-dimensional model. Stress distribution status information is generated, including stress magnitude, distribution range, and stress response of key structural elements. Target information is crucial for predicting potential structural damage points and formulating maintenance strategies.

[0089] S303: Based on the stress distribution state information and the material and structure of the target building foundation, the foundation stability of the target building is evaluated to generate structural stability evaluation information;

[0090] In sub-step S303, the foundation stability of the target building is evaluated based on the stress distribution state information. Foundation analysis and assessment software, such as GEO5 or Plaxis, is used to calculate soil stability and bearing capacity. The physical and mechanical properties of the foundation material, such as density, friction angle, and cohesion, are input. The software simulates the response of the foundation under building loads and environmental changes, and the output includes displacement, deformation, and stress distribution information. During the foundation stability assessment process, special attention is paid to stress concentration areas and potential slip surfaces. The generated structural stability assessment information includes the foundation stability grade and improvement suggestions. The target assessment results are of great value in ensuring the long-term stability and safety of the building.

[0091] See also Figure 5 Based on the structural stability assessment information, material performance data and stress distribution state, the durability of multiple components of the target building is analyzed to predict the service life of the building. The specific steps for generating the building life prediction results are as follows:

[0092] S401: Based on the structural stability assessment information, according to the material performance data of multiple key components in the target building and the stress distribution state, the durability of multiple components is evaluated to obtain component performance analysis results;

[0093] In sub-step S401, based on the structural stability assessment information, the durability of key components in the target building, such as beams, columns and connectors, is evaluated using material science and structural engineering analysis techniques. The material performance data of each component, such as compressive strength and tensile properties, as well as the stress distribution state, are considered. A finite element analysis model is used for simulation, taking into account the stress-strain relationship of the material and environmental influencing factors such as temperature and humidity. The data obtained through simulation is analyzed in detail to identify weaknesses and fatigue crack initiation areas. The durability analysis results of each component will be recorded and used to formulate subsequent maintenance and reinforcement measures to ensure that each key component can maintain its structural integrity and functionality within its design life.

[0094] S402: Based on the component performance analysis results, analyze and predict the performance changes and service life of multiple components under different usage conditions to obtain component durability prediction results;

[0095] In sub-step S402, based on the component performance analysis results, a predictive model is used to analyze the performance changes and expected life of key components under different usage conditions. Durability prediction software, such as ANSYS nCode DesignLife, is used in combination with experimental data and historical performance records to conduct a life cycle analysis. Taking into account various environmental factors and load conditions, the fatigue life of components under specific operating conditions is calculated, and prediction curves and degradation models are generated. The process prediction results indicate under what conditions the component may experience performance degradation, providing a basis for subsequent maintenance plans and replacement schedules. The component durability prediction results are regarded as a key decision support tool to help maintenance teams optimize maintenance resources and time arrangements.

[0096] S403: Based on the component durability prediction results, combined with the prediction model and actual usage conditions, the expected life of the target building is calculated to generate a building life prediction result;

[0097] The specific formula for calculating the expected life of the target building is:

[0098] in, represents the predicted total building life, is the intercept of the model, represents the number of features used in the model, It is an index of characteristics, including the type and quality of building materials, historical maintenance records, environmental conditions, and loads or pressures borne by the building. Representative The importance weight of the feature, Representative The actual observed value of the feature, Represents the correlation coefficient between building usage conditions and expected lifespan.

[0099] formula: Detailed explanation of the formula and calculation process: This formula is used to calculate the expected life of the target building. The basic life is added to the results adjusted from the building characteristics and related coefficients. The result is used to evaluate the maintenance or renovation needs of the building.

[0100] Parameter meaning and setting value:

[0101] is the intercept of the model, which is assumed to be 50 years, indicating the basic life expectancy under ideal conditions;

[0102] is the number of features used in the model, which is assumed to be 4, including material quality, maintenance history, environmental conditions, and load pressure;

[0103] For the feature weights, assume that the material quality weight is 0.4, the maintenance history is 0.3, the environmental conditions are 0.2, and the load pressure is 0.1;

[0104] is the actual observed value of the feature, assuming that the material quality index is 0.8, the maintenance times is 5, the environment index is 0.6, and the load index is 0.9;

[0105] is the correlation coefficient between building usage conditions and expected life span, which is assumed to be 0.01;

[0106] Substitute the parameters into the formula for calculation:

[0107] The result of 50.709 years indicates the expected lifespan of the building. The result shows that given the observed characteristic values ​​and correlation coefficients, combined with the model-based expectations, the prediction can be used to plan long-term maintenance and renewal cycles to ensure the continued safety and functionality of the building.

[0108] See also Figure 6 Based on the building life prediction results, the fire resistance performance of the target building is simulated and analyzed using the building information model to form the fire resistance performance evaluation information. The specific steps are as follows:

[0109] S501: Based on the building life prediction results and the material data of the target building, simulate and analyze the response states of various building materials under fire scenarios, record the thermal expansion, burning rate and structural deformation data of the materials, and obtain material thermal response data;

[0110] In sub-step S501, using the building life prediction results as a basis, the reactions of materials used in the target building, such as steel, concrete, and wood, under fire conditions are simulated and analyzed. Thermal analysis and combustion simulation software, such as PyroSim, is used to simulate the thermal expansion, burning rate, and structural deformation of materials under different temperature and fire conditions. The temperature response curve and thermal stress development of each material are recorded, and the thermal expansion coefficient and burning rate are measured and calculated to ensure that the target data accurately reflects the actual performance of the material. The material thermal response data provides key input for subsequent fire resistance performance evaluation, helping to predict the behavior and safety of the material under actual fire conditions.

[0111] S502: Based on the material thermal response data, use the building information model to simulate various fire scenarios, calculate the degree of structural bearing capacity loss of the material under various scenarios, evaluate the material's fire resistance performance, including the fire resistance duration at various temperatures, and obtain fire resistance simulation results;

[0112] In sub-step S502, based on material thermal response data, building information models and fire simulation software, such as Fire Dynamics Simulator, are used to simulate the impact of different fire scenarios on building structures. By setting different fire scenarios, the load-bearing capacity loss and fire resistance duration of various materials in a fire are calculated. The fire resistance performance of each material is analyzed to determine its structural integrity in a high-temperature environment. The process records in detail the specific impact of temperature on the structural load-bearing capacity, and the fire resistance level and performance of various building materials are evaluated through simulation results. The fire resistance simulation results provide an important basis for building design and safety regulations, ensuring the safety and response strategy of the building in potential fires.

[0113] S503: Analyze the fire resistance performance of the target building using the fire resistance simulation results, including analyzing the temperature changes and burning rate during the fire, the structural stability and reconstruction requirements after the fire, and generate fire resistance performance assessment information;

[0114] In sub-step S503, the fire resistance simulation results are used to analyze the target building's fire resistance performance, taking into account temperature changes during a fire, combustion rates, and the extent of structural damage after the fire. Structural analysis and post-disaster assessment techniques, such as structural integrity analysis and building damage assessment tools, are used to evaluate the stability and safety of the building after the fire, while also calculating the need and cost for reconstruction or repair. The assessment process includes a comprehensive evaluation of the fire resistance of building materials and predicts the building's performance under extreme fire conditions. The resulting fire resistance assessment information provides building managers with a decision-making basis for developing fire prevention measures and emergency response plans.

[0115] See also Figure 7 Based on the fire resistance performance evaluation information, the stability and safety of the target building under various natural disasters are analyzed, and the safety performance of the building is evaluated. The specific steps for generating the safety performance evaluation score are as follows:

[0116] S601: Based on the fire resistance performance assessment information, using the building information model, set and input simulation parameters of multiple natural disasters, including intensity and duration, to obtain a disaster simulation parameter set;

[0117] In sub-step S601, based on the fire resistance performance assessment information, building information modeling software such as BIM is used to set and input simulation parameters for various natural disaster scenarios, including the intensity, type, and duration of the disaster. Disaster scenario modeling is performed using the integrated environmental simulation tool ANSYS or ABAQUS to ensure that the parameters of each disaster scenario are accurately set. The building model is then subjected to a systematic loading and response analysis. The generated disaster simulation parameter set serves as the basis for predicting the performance of the building under the influence of different natural disasters, providing data support for structural analysis.

[0118] S602: Apply the disaster simulation parameter set to simulate the impact of various disasters, including floods, earthquakes, and typhoons, calculate the stress response and structural changes of buildings under various disaster conditions, and obtain disaster impact simulation results;

[0119] In sub-step S602, the disaster simulation parameter set is applied, and the structural stress response of the building under various disaster conditions is simulated through building analysis and simulation software. The specific impact of various natural disasters such as floods, earthquakes, and typhoons on the building is considered. The finite element method and structural dynamics analysis are used to calculate the stress distribution, deformation and potential structural damage of multiple parts of the building under various disaster conditions. Through target simulation, the weak points and potential risk areas of the building are identified, and disaster impact simulation results are generated. The target results are key to guiding the improvement of building design and the formulation of emergency response measures.

[0120] S603: Based on the disaster impact simulation results, evaluate the stability and safety of the target building, predict the building's safe exit time and evacuation efficiency, and generate a safety performance evaluation score;

[0121] In sub-step S603, based on the disaster impact simulation results, the building's stability and safety are assessed. Using building assessment software and safety analysis tools, such as evacuation simulation software, the building's safe exit time and evacuation efficiency under various disaster scenarios are evaluated. Evacuation routes and times in emergencies are calculated and simulated to ensure the effectiveness and practicality of evacuation plans. The resulting safety performance score, based on the building's structural response and evacuation data, provides an assessment of the building's ability to protect occupants in the event of an actual disaster, providing a scientific basis for building management and emergency preparedness.

[0122] See also Figure 8 A building safety performance evaluation system is provided, and the building safety performance evaluation system is used to perform the above-mentioned building safety performance evaluation method, and the system includes:

[0123] The 3D scanning module uses 3D laser scanning equipment to capture images of the building's internal and external structures, construct a 3D building information model, and uses image processing to identify wall cracks and structural defects, record the size and location of the defects, and generate crack identification information.

[0124] The material performance analysis module evaluates the performance of various building materials under different environmental conditions based on crack identification information, simulates the stress distribution state of the target building, and evaluates the stability of the foundation to generate structural stability assessment information;

[0125] The durability assessment module uses structural stability assessment information to analyze the durability of multiple components in the building, predict the service life of the structure, and evaluate maintenance needs to generate building life prediction results;

[0126] The fire resistance analysis module evaluates the fire resistance of the target building based on the building life prediction results and generates fire resistance performance assessment information by modeling the performance of building materials under various fire scenarios;

[0127] The building safety assessment module uses fire resistance performance assessment information to simulate various natural disaster scenarios, including floods, earthquakes, and typhoons, analyze the stability and safety of buildings under various disaster conditions, evaluate the safety performance of buildings, and generate a safety performance assessment score.

[0128] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the present invention in any other form. Any technician familiar with the profession may use the technical content disclosed above to change or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes and apply it to other fields. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A building safety performance assessment method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Using 3D laser scanning equipment, we can collect image information of the internal and external dimensions and structure of buildings. By analyzing the building's external dimensions and internal structure, we can build a 3D building information model in real time and output a 3D structural data set. Using 3D laser scanning equipment, we collect image information of the building's internal and external dimensions and structure. By analyzing the building's external dimensions and internal structure, we construct a 3D building information model in real time. The steps for outputting a 3D structural data set are as follows: Using 3D laser scanning equipment, the interior and exterior of a building are scanned. The time difference between the laser and the object's reflection is used to calculate the distance, providing spatial 3D coordinate information. Based on the intensity of the reflected laser, the scanning parameters are automatically adjusted to adapt to different surface materials and colors. Scanned images of the building's exterior facade and interior structure are collected to obtain a scanned image set. Based on the scanned image set, a Gaussian blur algorithm is used to pre-process the image, perform noise reduction and contrast adjustment on the image data, optimize the image quality and clarity, and obtain an image data processing result; Based on the image data processing results, analyzing the building's external dimensions and internal structure, constructing a three-dimensional building information model, and generating a three-dimensional structural data set; Based on the three-dimensional structural data set, by analyzing the scan data, cracks and structural defects on the interior and exterior walls of the building are identified, the size, shape and location of multiple defects are recorded, and crack identification information is generated; Based on the crack identification information, by analyzing the performance of various building materials under various environmental conditions, predicting the performance degradation trend of the materials, combining with the building information model, simulating the stress distribution state, and evaluating the stability of the building foundation, thereby generating structural stability assessment information; Based on the structural stability assessment information, the durability of multiple components of the target building is analyzed according to material performance data and stress distribution state, the service life of the building is predicted, and a building life prediction result is generated; Based on the building life prediction results, using a building information model, simulate and analyze the fire resistance performance of the target building to generate fire resistance performance assessment information; Based on the fire resistance performance evaluation information, analyzing the stability and safety of the target building under various natural disasters, evaluating the safety performance of the building, and generating a safety performance evaluation score; Based on the fire resistance performance evaluation information, the steps of analyzing the stability and safety of the target building under various natural disasters, evaluating the safety performance of the building, and generating a safety performance evaluation score are as follows: Based on the fire resistance performance evaluation information, using a building information model, setting and inputting simulation parameters of multiple natural disasters, including intensity and duration, to obtain a disaster simulation parameter set; Applying the disaster simulation parameter set, the impact of various disasters, including floods, earthquakes, and typhoons, is simulated, and the stress response and structural changes of buildings under various disaster conditions are calculated to obtain disaster impact simulation results; Based on the disaster impact simulation results, the stability and safety of the target building are evaluated, and the safe exit time and evacuation efficiency of the building are predicted to generate a safety performance evaluation score.

2. The building safety performance evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-dimensional structural data set includes the building's facade, cross-sectional information, and hierarchical layout diagram; the crack identification information includes crack geometry information, crack type identification information, and crack location information; the structural stability assessment information includes settlement measurement data, bearing capacity loss prediction information, and slip surface prediction results; the building life prediction results include maintenance demand prediction information, building component durability assessment information, and the expected service life of the building; the fire resistance performance assessment information includes material burning rate, smoke toxicity level, and structural integrity retention time; and the safety performance assessment score includes stability rating information of the structure under various disaster situations, safe exit time estimation, and evacuation efficiency assessment data.

3. The building safety performance evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the three-dimensional structural data set, the scanning data is analyzed to identify cracks and structural defects on the interior and exterior walls of the building, and the size, shape, and location of multiple defects are recorded. The steps of generating crack identification information are specifically as follows: Based on the three-dimensional structural data set, by analyzing the scanned image, wall cracks, joints and water seepage traces are identified to obtain defect location results; Based on the defect location results, extract and analyze the crack area image, measure the geometric shapes of multiple cracks, including length, width, and depth, and obtain defect analysis results; Based on the defect analysis results, the identified cracks and structural defects are recorded, including the location, size, type and morphological information of the defects, and mapped and marked on the three-dimensional geometric model to generate crack identification information.

4. The building safety performance evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the crack identification information, the performance of various building materials under various environmental conditions is analyzed to predict the performance degradation trend of the materials. In combination with the building information model, the stress distribution state is simulated and the stability of the building foundation is evaluated. The specific steps for generating structural stability assessment information are as follows: Based on the crack identification information, the reaction speed and degradation process of various building materials under different environmental conditions are analyzed. In combination with the meteorological conditions of the target area, the material performance of the target building is analyzed to obtain material degradation analysis results. Using the material degradation analysis results, a building information model is used to simulate the stress distribution of the building structure to obtain stress distribution state information; Based on the stress distribution state information, and according to the material and structure of the target building foundation, the foundation stability of the target building is evaluated to generate structural stability evaluation information.

5. The building safety performance evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the structural stability assessment information, the durability of multiple components of the target building is analyzed according to material performance data and stress distribution state, and the service life of the building is predicted. The steps for generating the building life prediction result are as follows: Based on the structural stability assessment information, the durability of multiple components is assessed according to material performance data of multiple key components in the target building in combination with stress distribution states to obtain component performance analysis results; Based on the component performance analysis results, analyze and predict the performance changes and service life of multiple components under differentiated usage conditions to obtain component durability prediction results; Based on the component durability prediction results, combined with the prediction model and actual usage conditions, the expected life of the target building is calculated to generate a building life prediction result.

6. The building safety performance evaluation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific formula for calculating the expected life of the target building is: in, represents the predicted total building life, is the intercept of the model, represents the number of features used in the model, It is an index of characteristics, including the type and quality of building materials, historical maintenance records, environmental conditions, and loads or pressures borne by the building. Representative The importance weight of the feature, Representative The actual observed value of the feature, Represents the correlation coefficient between building usage conditions and expected lifespan.

7. The building safety performance evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the building life prediction results, the steps of simulating and analyzing the fire resistance performance of the target building using the building information model to generate fire resistance performance assessment information are as follows: Based on the building life prediction results and the material data of the target building, the response states of various building materials under fire scenarios are simulated and analyzed, and the thermal expansion, burning rate and structural deformation data of the materials are recorded to obtain the material thermal response data; Based on the material thermal response data, a building information model is used to simulate various fire scenarios, calculate the degree of structural bearing capacity loss of the material under various scenarios, evaluate the material's fire resistance performance, including the fire resistance duration at various temperatures, and obtain fire resistance simulation results; The fire resistance simulation results are used to analyze the fire resistance performance of the target building, including analyzing the temperature change and burning rate during the fire, the structural stability and reconstruction requirements after the fire, and generate fire resistance performance assessment information.

8. A building safety performance evaluation system, characterized in that: The building safety performance assessment method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the system comprises: The 3D scanning module uses 3D laser scanning equipment to capture images of the building's internal and external structures, construct a 3D building information model, and uses image processing to identify wall cracks and structural defects, record the size and location of the defects, and generate crack identification information. The material performance analysis module evaluates the performance of various building materials under differentiated environmental conditions based on the crack identification information, simulates the stress distribution state of the target building, and evaluates the stability of the foundation to generate structural stability assessment information; The durability assessment module uses the structural stability assessment information to analyze the durability of multiple components in the building, predict the service life of the structure, and evaluate maintenance needs to generate a building life prediction result; The fire resistance analysis module evaluates the fire resistance of the target building based on the building life prediction results by modeling the performance of building materials under various fire scenarios and generates fire resistance evaluation information; The building safety assessment module uses the fire resistance performance assessment information to simulate various natural disaster scenarios, including floods, earthquakes, and typhoons, analyze the stability and safety of buildings under various disaster conditions, evaluate the safety performance of buildings, and generate a safety performance assessment score.

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