High-isolation shared aperture metasurface antenna

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-isolation shared-aperture metasurface antenna which comprises a horn feed source and a shared-aperture metasurface patch antenna assembly, the shared-aperture metasurface patch antenna assembly comprises at least one microwave metasurface patch unit, and each microwave metasurface patch unit comprises at least two reflective array units. According to the common-aperture metasurface antenna, the multiplexing effect of the microwave metasurface antenna and the millimeter wave reflective array antenna is formed on one side close to the horn feed source, and the required compensation phase can be obtained by adjusting the size of the reflective array unit, so that the independent design of the shared-aperture antenna is realized; according to the antenna, high isolation and a stable radiation pattern are achieved in microwave and millimeter wave working frequency bands, the large frequency ratio of 1: 8.57 is achieved, ultrahigh isolation exceeding 100 dB and 40 dB is achieved in a low frequency band and a high frequency band respectively, the microwave metasurface effect and the millimeter wave reflective array effect of the antenna can be integrated on the same layer of the antenna, the antenna structure is compact, and the antenna structure is compact. And the antenna profile and the cost are effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communications and relates to an antenna, in particular to a high-isolation shared-aperture metasurface antenna. Background Art

[0002] Antennas are components used to transmit and receive free-space electromagnetic waves in wireless communication systems. They are located at the front end of the radio frequency system, and their performance determines whether the communication equipment can correctly transmit signals. For antenna systems with transceiver functions, the isolation between the receiving and transmitting ends must be guaranteed. Therefore, the operating frequency bands of the transmitting and receiving antennas are often different. In some cases, the operating frequencies of the two antennas differ greatly. Traditional single-frequency antennas are difficult to meet the requirements of both receiving and transmitting antennas. In addition, with the continuous development of communication technology, communication systems often need to cover multiple frequency bands to meet different needs. In recent years, multi-band antennas have been widely studied and applied. In a large frequency ratio multi-frequency communication system compatible with microwave and millimeter wave bands, antennas of different frequency bands need to be reasonably designed and combined.

[0003] Since the gain of an antenna is mainly determined by the area of ​​its radiation aperture, if the radiation structures used for different frequency bands occupy different apertures, it is difficult to miniaturize a communication system containing multiple antennas of different frequency bands. Since shared aperture antennas can significantly improve the utilization efficiency of the aperture, they are conducive to the integration and miniaturization of communication systems, and thus have attracted the attention of more and more researchers. Shared aperture antennas can design antennas of different frequency bands in the same aperture, which can effectively reduce the space occupied by the antenna and reduce the complexity of the communication system. In some microwave / millimeter wave high-frequency ratio devices, the use of shared aperture antennas can reduce costs while ensuring transmission speed and transmission reliability, effectively utilize space and spectrum resources, and is more conducive to the realization of multi-band integrated communication systems. As a result, high-frequency ratio shared aperture antennas have attracted more and more attention for their outstanding advantages such as cost saving, compact structure, and high aperture utilization, and have been increasingly widely used in military, commercial, and medical fields such as synthetic aperture radar and satellite communications.

[0004] At present, the methods to achieve aperture sharing mainly include aperture sharing of the upper radiation structure and aperture sharing of the lower feeding structure. In order to achieve the purpose of multi-band communication on the same aperture plane, antennas of different frequency bands must be integrated together. However, an overly compact antenna arrangement will lead to enhanced mutual coupling between antennas of different frequencies and poor isolation, resulting in a sharp deterioration in antenna radiation performance and port performance, which in turn affects the communication quality. In summary, it is difficult for existing shared aperture antennas to simultaneously meet the requirements of high aperture utilization and high port isolation.

[0005] In view of this, it is necessary to further improve the shared aperture antenna in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0006] To this end, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that it is difficult for existing shared aperture antennas to simultaneously meet the requirements of high aperture utilization and high isolation, and thus a shared aperture metasurface antenna with high aperture utilization and isolation is proposed.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0008] The present invention provides a high-isolation shared-aperture metasurface antenna, comprising:

[0009] Speaker feed;

[0010] A shared aperture metasurface patch antenna assembly is spaced apart from the feed source, and the shared aperture metasurface patch antenna assembly comprises: a shared aperture metasurface patch, a first dielectric layer, a metal floor, and a second dielectric layer which are sequentially stacked in a direction away from the horn feed source, the metal floor is provided with a gap, and the second dielectric layer is connected to a feeding mechanism;

[0011] The shared aperture metasurface patch includes at least one microwave metasurface patch unit, and each of the microwave metasurface patch units includes at least two reflective array units.

[0012] Preferably, the reflective array unit comprises: a central patch, wherein at least one connecting arm is connected to the periphery of the central patch, wherein one end of the connecting arm is connected to the central patch, and the other end is connected to an outer frame.

[0013] Preferably, the center patch is a rectangular patch, the length and width of the center patch are both 0.023λ-0.058λ, the outer frame is a rectangular outer frame, the length and width of the outer frame are both 0.061λ-0.068λ, the width of the connecting arm is 0.005λ-0.007λ, and the length of the connecting arm is 0.008-0.018λ, wherein λ is the wavelength at the operating frequency of the antenna.

[0014] Preferably, the spacing between the horn feed and the shared aperture metasurface patch is 0.75λ-0.85λ, wherein λ is the wavelength at the antenna operating frequency; the horn feed comprises a signal input part, a switching part and a horn output part connected in sequence, a first opening is provided at one end of the horn output part close to the switching part, an end of the horn output part away from the switching part is an open end, and an angle of 23°-27° is formed between the plane where the open end is located and the shared aperture metasurface patch; a second opening is provided at the switching part corresponding to the position of the first opening, and a cavity is provided inside the signal input part, and the cavity, the second opening and the first opening are connected in sequence.

[0015] Preferably, the cross-sectional figures of the first opening and the second opening are both rectangular, and the lengths of the first opening and the second opening are both 0.093λ-0.105λ, and the widths are both 0.047λ-0.058λ; the cross-sectional figure of the open end is rectangular, the length of the open end is 0.257λ-0.280λ, the width of the open end is 0.187λ-0.222λ, and the height of the speaker output portion is 0.128λ-0.1 57λ; the cavity inside the signal input part is a rectangular cavity, the length of the cavity is 0.093λ-0105λ, the width is 0.047λ-0.058λ, and the height is 0.128λ-0.157λ; the adapter is a rectangular plate structure, the length of the adapter is 0.21λ-0.26λ, the width is 0.21λ-0.26λ, and the thickness is 0.014λ-0.021λ; wherein λ is the wavelength at the operating frequency of the antenna.

[0016] Preferably, a through hole for connecting an external connector is formed on one side wall of the signal input portion, the through holes comprising a first through hole, a second through hole and a third through hole arranged sequentially in a direction away from the adapter portion, the second through hole being connected to the cavity; the apertures of the first through hole and the third through hole are both 0.027λ-0.031λ; the aperture of the second through hole is 0.016λ-0.018λ.

[0017] Preferably, the first dielectric layer is a rectangular plate, the length and width of the first dielectric layer are both 1.167λ-1.283λ, and the thickness is 0.026λ-0.028λ; the first dielectric layer is connected with first branches on all sides, the first branches are provided with first connection holes, the cross-sectional shape of the first branches is a rectangle, the length is 0.117λ-0.163λ, the width is 0.047λ-0.07λ, and the aperture of the first connection hole is 0.029λ-0.041λ; the second dielectric layer is connected with first branches on all sides, the first branches are provided with first connection holes, the cross-sectional shape of the first branches is a rectangle, the length is 0.117λ-0.163λ, the width is 0.047λ-0.07λ, and the aperture of the first connection hole is 0.029λ-0.041λ; The material layer is a rectangular plate, the length and width of the second dielectric layer are both 1.167λ-1.283λ, and the thickness is 0.005λ-0.007λ; the second dielectric layer is connected with second branches on all sides, and the second branches are provided with second connecting holes. The cross-sectional shape of the second branch is a rectangle, and its length is 0.117λ-0.163λ, and its width is 0.047λ-0.07λ. The aperture of the second connecting hole is 0.029λ-0.041λ, wherein λ is the wavelength at the operating frequency of the antenna.

[0018] Preferably, a side edge of the first dielectric layer is further provided with an avoidance groove, wherein the length of the avoidance groove is 0.187λ-0.233λ and the width is 0.058λ-0.082λ.

[0019] Preferably, the shared aperture metasurface patch includes 4 rows and 4 columns of shared aperture patch units, each of the shared aperture patch units includes 4 rows and 4 columns of reflective array units, the length and width of the shared aperture patch unit are both 0.25λ-0.26λ, and the distance between two adjacent shared aperture patch units is 0.009λ-0.014λ, wherein λ is the wavelength at the antenna operating frequency.

[0020] Preferably, the feeding mechanism is a microstrip feeder, which is arranged perpendicular to the slot, the slot has a length of 0.502λ-0.548λ and a width of 0.021λ-0.026λ, and the microstrip feeder has a length of 0.758λ-0.817λ and a width of 0.017λ-0.018λ.

[0021] The above technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0022] The high-isolation shared aperture metasurface antenna provided by the present invention comprises a horn feed and a shared aperture metasurface patch antenna assembly spaced apart from the horn feed, wherein the shared aperture metasurface patch antenna assembly comprises: a shared aperture metasurface patch, a first dielectric layer, a metal floor, and a second dielectric layer stacked in sequence in a direction away from the horn feed, wherein the metal floor has a gap, and the second dielectric layer is connected to a feeding mechanism; the shared aperture metasurface patch comprises at least one microwave metasurface patch unit, and each microwave metasurface patch unit comprises at least two reflector array units. The co-aperture metasurface antenna forms the effect of multiplexing the microwave metasurface antenna and the millimeter-wave reflectarray antenna on the side close to the horn feed. The required compensation phase can be obtained by adjusting the size of the reflectarray unit, which has no effect on the low-frequency radiation effect, and realizes the independent design of the shared aperture antenna. The antenna achieves high isolation and stable radiation pattern in the microwave and millimeter-wave operating frequency bands, with a large frequency ratio of 1:8.57, and achieves ultra-high isolation of more than 100dB and 40dB in the low-frequency band and high-frequency band respectively. The microwave metasurface effect and millimeter-wave reflectarray effect of the antenna can be integrated on the same layer of the antenna. The antenna structure is compact, which effectively reduces the antenna profile and cost, and is of great value and significance for 5G and later communication systems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to make the content of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below according to specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein

[0024] Figure 1 It is a decomposed schematic diagram of a high-isolation shared-aperture metasurface antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2is a side view of a high-isolation shared-aperture metasurface antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a top schematic diagram of a shared aperture metasurface patch antenna assembly in a high-isolation shared aperture metasurface antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a bottom schematic diagram of a shared aperture metasurface patch antenna assembly in a high-isolation shared aperture metasurface antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a reflective array unit in a high-isolation shared-aperture metasurface antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a horn feed in a high-isolation shared-aperture metasurface antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a top view of a horn feed in a high-isolation shared-aperture metasurface antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a horn feed in a high-isolation shared-aperture metasurface antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Fig. 9 is a low-frequency reflection coefficient curve diagram of a high-isolation shared-aperture metasurface antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.10 This is the radiation pattern of the high-isolation shared-aperture metasurface antenna at 3.4 GHz provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.11 This is the radiation pattern of the high-isolation shared-aperture metasurface antenna at 3.5 GHz provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.12 This is the radiation pattern of the high-isolation shared-aperture metasurface antenna at 3.6 GHz provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.13 It is a gain curve diagram of the high-isolation shared-aperture metasurface antenna at 3.4-3.6 GHz provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.14 is a high-frequency reflection coefficient curve diagram of a high-isolation shared-aperture metasurface antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.15This is the radiation pattern of the high-isolation shared-aperture metasurface antenna at 30 GHz provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.16 This is a gain curve diagram of the high-isolation shared-aperture metasurface antenna at 30 GHz provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] The reference numerals in the figure are represented as follows: 1-horn feed; 11-signal input part; 111-cavity; 112-first through hole; 113-second through hole; 114-third through hole; 12-adapter; 13-horn output part; 131-first opening; 2-shared aperture metasurface patch; 21-microwave metasurface patch unit; 211-reflection array unit; 2111-center patch; 2112-connecting arm; 2113-outer frame; 3-first dielectric layer; 31-first branch; 32-first connecting hole; 33-avoidance groove; 4-metal floor; 41-gap; 5-second dielectric layer; 51-second branch; 52-second connecting hole; 6-feeding mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientations or positional relationships in which the products of the present invention are conventionally placed when in use, or are the orientations or positional relationships conventionally understood by those skilled in the art. These are merely for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0043] The terms “first”, “second”, etc. in the present invention are only used to distinguish between the two in the description and have no special meaning.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "setting" and "installation" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0045] Example

[0046] This embodiment provides a high-isolation shared-aperture metasurface antenna. Figure 1-Figure 8 The high-isolation shared aperture metasurface antenna comprises a horn feed 1 and a shared aperture metasurface patch antenna assembly spaced apart from the horn feed 1, wherein the shared aperture metasurface patch assembly comprises: a shared aperture metasurface patch 2, a first dielectric layer 3, a metal floor 4, and a second dielectric layer 5 which are sequentially stacked in a direction away from the horn feed 1, wherein the metal floor 4 is provided with a slit 41, and the second dielectric layer 5 is connected with a feeding mechanism 6 which is arranged corresponding to the slit 41. The shared aperture metasurface patch 2 comprises at least one microwave metasurface patch unit 21, and each microwave metasurface patch unit 21 comprises at least two reflective array units 211.

[0047] The high-isolation shared aperture metasurface antenna provided in this embodiment realizes the composite structure of microwave metasurface antenna and millimeter-wave reflective array antenna in the shared aperture metasurface patch 2 layer, wherein the microwave metasurface antenna function is realized by coupling feeding of the feeding mechanism 6 and the slot 41, and the millimeter-wave reflective array antenna function is realized by the reflection of the beam of the horn feed source 1 by the reflective array unit 211. The required compensation phase can be obtained by adjusting the size of the reflective array unit 211, and the adjustment of the size of the reflective array unit 211 has no effect on the overall size of the microwave super-edge patch unit, and thus has no effect on the low-frequency radiation effect, realizing the independent design of the shared aperture antenna, and then the number of elements and the frequency ratio of the antenna can be adjusted. Therefore, the shared aperture metasurface antenna provided in this embodiment realizes high isolation and stable radiation pattern in both the microwave frequency band and the millimeter-wave operating frequency band. The antenna has a large frequency ratio of 1:8.57, and achieves ultra-high isolation of more than 100dB and 40dB in the low frequency band and high frequency band, respectively. When the antennas work in different frequency bands, they have almost no influence on each other. Moreover, the microwave metasurface antenna and the millimeter-wave reflectarray antenna are combined in the outermost layer of the antenna, and the reflectarray antenna unit is embedded inside the microwave metasurface antenna, which effectively reduces the antenna profile and cost.

[0048] Among them, the shared aperture metasurface patch 2 and the metal floor 4 can be made of copper.

[0049] See also Figure 5In this embodiment, the reflector array unit 211 specifically includes: a central patch 2111. As shown in the figure, the central patch 2111 is a rectangular patch, and its length and width are both 0.023λ-0.058λ. In this embodiment, preferably, the central patch 2111 is a square patch, and its side length is preferably 0.035λ. In this embodiment, λ is the wavelength at the antenna operating frequency, and the operating frequency is 3.5GHz. The central patch 2111 is connected to a connecting arm 2112 on all sides. The connecting arm 2112 is preferably connected to the midline position of the four sides of the central patch 2111. The cross-sectional shape of the connecting arm 2112 is rectangular, and its width is 0.005λ-0.007λ, and in this embodiment, it is preferably 0.006λ, and the length is 0.008λ-0.018λ, and in this embodiment, it is preferably 0.013λ. One end of the connecting arm 2112 is connected to the central patch 2111, and the other end is connected to an outer frame 2113. In this embodiment, the outer frame 2113 is a rectangular outer frame formed by metal strips, and its perimeter length and width are both 0.061λ-0.068λ, preferably 0.064λ in this embodiment. The width of the metal strip is half of the width of the connecting arm 2112, that is, in this embodiment, the width of the metal strip is 0.003λ. It can be calculated from the above that in this embodiment, the length of the connecting arm 2112 is 0.0115λ. In order to make the structure of the microwave metasurface patch unit 21 compact, two adjacent reflective array units 211 share a metal strip of the outer frame 2113. Among them, the size of the central patch 2111 is adjustable, and the effect of obtaining the compensation phase is achieved by adjusting the size of the central patch 2111, thereby realizing the independent design of the shared aperture antenna. The above structure of the reflector array unit 211 is obtained by hollowing out a groove on the metal patch, that is, hollowing out the periphery of the central patch 2111 of a preset size to obtain the structure of the connecting arm 2112 and the outer frame 2113. Thus, the reflector array unit 211 is embedded in the microwave metasurface patch, which reduces the antenna profile, reduces the antenna volume, and reduces the cost.

[0050] In order to form the multiplexing effect of the microwave metasurface antenna and the millimeter wave reflective array antenna, the shared aperture metasurface patch 2 is a patch array formed by arranging a plurality of shared aperture patch units 21. In this embodiment, the shared aperture metasurface patch 2 includes 4 rows and 4 columns of shared aperture patch units 21. Adjacent shared aperture patch units 21 are arranged at intervals, and the interval distance is 0.009λ-0.014λ, and preferably 0.011λ in this embodiment. Each shared aperture patch unit 21 is formed by arranging a plurality of reflective array units 211. In this embodiment, the shared aperture patch unit 21 preferably includes 4 rows and 4 columns of reflective array units 211, and two adjacent reflective array units 211 share one side of the outer frame 2113. Of course, as a convertible implementation, the number of rows and columns of the reflective array units 211 in the shared aperture patch unit 21 can also be other values, and its specific arrangement can be calculated according to the phase calculation formula; the number of rows and columns of the shared aperture patch unit 21 in the shared aperture metasurface patch 2 can also adopt other values. Specifically, in this embodiment, since each shared aperture patch unit 21 includes 4 rows and 4 columns of reflective array units 211, the shared aperture patch unit 21 has a square structure, and its length and width are both 1.006λ-1.118λ, and preferably 1.056λ in this embodiment.

[0051] See also Figure 6-Figure 8 In this embodiment, the specific structure of the horn feed 1 is as follows: the horn feed 1 includes a signal input part 11, a switching part 12 and a horn output part 13 connected in sequence, and the horn output part 13 is arranged toward the shared aperture metasurface patch 2. A first opening 131 is provided at one end of the horn output part 13 close to the switching part 12, and an end of the horn output part 13 away from the connecting part 12 is an open end, and the size of the open end is larger than the size of one side of the first opening 131, thereby forming a horn-shaped structure. The switching part 12 is provided with a second opening at a position corresponding to the first opening, and the second opening is adjacent to the first opening and is arranged through it. A cavity 111 is provided inside the signal input part 11, and the cavity 111, the second opening, and the first opening 131 are connected in sequence. The first opening 131 has the same shape and size as the second opening, and the cross-sectional figures are both rectangular. The length of the rectangular opening is 0.093λ-0.105λ, preferably 0.10λ in this embodiment, and the width of the rectangular opening is 0.047λ-0.058λ, preferably 0.052λ in this embodiment. The cross-sectional figure of the open end is also rectangular, the length inside the open end is 0.257λ-0.280λ, preferably 0.265λ in this embodiment, and the width inside the open end is 0.187λ-0.222λ, preferably 0.205λ in this embodiment. Figure 7It can be seen that in this embodiment, the cross-sectional figure of the speaker output part 13 of the speaker feed source 1 is an isosceles trapezoid with a narrow bottom and a wide top, and the overall structure is a hollow trapezoidal platform. The height of the speaker output part 13 is 0.128λ-0.157λ, and in this embodiment, it is preferably 0.136λ. The wall thickness of the speaker output part 13 is 0.021λ-0.026λ, and in this embodiment, it is preferably 0.023λ. Among them, the open end of the speaker output part 13 is arranged toward and close to the shared aperture metasurface patch unit 2, and the distance between the open end of the speaker output part 13 and the shared aperture metasurface patch unit 2 is 0.75λ-0.85λ, and in this embodiment, it is preferably 0.8λ, and as shown Figure 2 As shown, the plane where the open end of the speaker output part 13 is located is tilted relative to the shared aperture metasurface patch unit 2, and the angle between the two is 23°-27°, and preferably 25° in this embodiment.

[0052] The cross-sectional shape of the signal input portion 11 is rectangular, and the cavity 111 inside it is a rectangular parallelepiped cavity. The length and width of the cavity 111 are the same as the dimensions of the first opening 131, with a length of 0.093λ-0.105λ, preferably 0.10λ in this embodiment, a width of 0.047λ-0.058λ, preferably 0.052λ in this embodiment, and a height of 0.128λ-0.157λ, preferably 0.138λ in this embodiment, where the height refers to the distance from the end of the cavity 111 close to the adapter 12 to the end away from the adapter 12.

[0053] The transition portion 12 is a rectangular plate-shaped structure with a length of 0.21λ-26λ, a width of 0.21λ-0.26λ, and a thickness of 0.014λ-0.021λ. In this embodiment, preferably, the transition portion 12 has a length of 0.24λ, a width of 0.24λ, and a thickness of 0.018λ.

[0054] In order to input a signal to the signal input part 11, a through hole for connecting an external connector is also provided on one side wall of the signal input part 11. In this embodiment, the external connector is preferably a high-frequency connector. The through hole includes a first through hole 112, a second through hole 113 and a third through hole 114 arranged in sequence in a direction away from the adapter part 12, wherein the second through hole 113 is connected to the cavity 111, and the first through hole 112 and the third through hole 114 are not connected to the cavity 111. The apertures of the first through hole 112 and the third through hole 114 are the same, which is 0.027λ-0.031λ, and preferably 0.029λ in this embodiment; the aperture of the second through hole 113 is 0.016λ-0.018λ, and preferably 0.017λ in this embodiment. The distance between the center of the second through hole 113 and the adapter part 12 is 0.093λ-0.117λ, and preferably 0.112λ in this embodiment.

[0055] In this embodiment, the material of the speaker feed source 1 can be metal aluminum.

[0056] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the first dielectric layer 3 is a rectangular dielectric plate, and its length and width are both 1.167λ-1.283λ. In this embodiment, the length and width of the first dielectric layer 3 are preferably 1.202λ, and its thickness is 0.026λ-0.028λ, and in this embodiment, it is preferably 0.027λ. The first dielectric layer 3 adopts a dielectric constant (ε r ) is 2.1-2.3 F4BTMS220 plate. In order to facilitate the assembly of the antenna with other structures, the first dielectric layer 3 is also connected with first branches 31 around it, and the first branches 31 are provided with first connection holes 32, which are used to assemble nylon screws. In order to achieve a stable connection with other structures, two first branches 31 are connected to the outer sides of the four sides of the first dielectric layer 3 at intervals, and the cross-sectional shape of the first branches 31 is rectangular, with a length of 0.117λ-0.163λ, preferably 0.141λ in this embodiment, and a width of 0.047λ-0.07λ, preferably 0.056λ in this embodiment.

[0057] To facilitate the subsequent low-frequency joint feeding, an avoidance groove 33 is also provided on one side of the first dielectric layer 3. The avoidance groove 33 has a "door"-shaped structure, with a length of 0.187λ-0.233λ, preferably 0.212λ in this embodiment, and a width of 0.058λ-0.082λ, preferably 0.075λ in this embodiment. The avoidance groove 33 is arranged between the two first branches 31 on one side of the first dielectric layer 3.

[0058] The second dielectric layer 5 is also a rectangular plate. In order to make the antenna structure compact and symmetrical, the length and width of the second dielectric layer 5 are the same as those of the first dielectric layer 3. The length and width are both 1.167λ-1.283λ. In this embodiment, the length and width of the second dielectric layer 5 are preferably 1.202λ. The thickness of the second dielectric layer 5 is 0.005λ-0.007λ, and is preferably 0.006λ in this embodiment. The second dielectric layer 5 can also adopt a dielectric constant (ε r ) is 2.1-2.3 F4BTMS220 plate. Corresponding to the first branch 31 on the periphery of the first dielectric layer 3, the second dielectric layer 5 is connected with second branches 51 on all sides, and the second branch 51 is provided with second connection holes 52, which are also used to assemble nylon screws. Two second branches 51 are connected to the outer sides of the four sides of the second dielectric layer 5 at intervals, and the cross-sectional shape of the second branch 51 is rectangular, with a length of 0.117λ-0.163λ, preferably 0.141λ in this embodiment, and a width of 0.047λ-0.07λ, preferably 0.056λ in this embodiment.

[0059] In order to feed the microwave metasurface patch unit, in this embodiment, the feeding mechanism 6 adopts a microstrip feed line, and the width of the microstrip feed line can be matched to 50 ohms, such as Figure 4 As shown, the feeding mechanism 6 is a rectangular microstrip feed line, which extends from the 5 board edges of the second dielectric layer to the slot 41, and the feeding mechanism 6 is arranged perpendicular to the slot 41, and is coupled and fed by the microstrip feed line and the slot 41. The slot 41 is opened at the central position of the metal floor 4 and is parallel to a set of board edges of the metal floor 4, and the slot 41 is a rectangular structure. The length of the microstrip feed line and the length and width of the slot 41 have a great influence on the impedance matching of the antenna. In order to achieve a good matching effect, the length of the slot 41 is 0.502λ-0.548λ, preferably 0.525λ in this embodiment, and the width is 0.021λ-0.026λ, preferably 0.023λ in this embodiment. The length of the feeding mechanism 6 is 0.758λ-0.817λ, preferably 0.786λ in this embodiment, and the width is 0.017λ-0.018λ, preferably 0.0175λ in this embodiment.

[0060] The high-isolation shared-aperture metasurface antenna provided in this embodiment overcomes the technical problems of traditional shared-aperture antennas, such as many layers, low isolation, complex manufacturing process, and high cost. The shared-aperture metasurface patch 2 simultaneously has the functions of a microwave metasurface antenna and a millimeter-wave reflectarray antenna. This composite function is integrated in the outermost layer of the antenna, and has a simple and compact structure, which effectively reduces the antenna profile and cost.

[0061] Experimental example

[0062] 1. Test the low-frequency reflection coefficient curve of the high-isolation shared-aperture metasurface antenna provided in the embodiment. The test results are as follows: Fig. 9 shown.

[0063] It can be seen from the figure that in the 3.2-3.68 GHz (14%) frequency band, the S 11 The parameter is less than -10dB, and the isolation between the two ports of the antenna at low frequency is less than -100dB.

[0064] 2. The radiation patterns of the high-isolation shared-aperture metasurface antenna provided in the test embodiment at 3.4 GHz, 3.5 GHz, and 3.6 GHz are shown in the following test results: Figure 10-12 shown.

[0065] As can be seen from the figure, the high-isolation shared-aperture metasurface antenna provided by the embodiment achieves a very stable radiation pattern within the copper strip.

[0066] 3. Test the gain curve of the high-isolation shared-aperture metasurface antenna provided in the embodiment. The test results are as follows: Fig.13 shown.

[0067] As can be seen from the figure, the antenna gain can reach 9dBi in the passband and the maximum gain can reach 11.45dBi.

[0068] 4. Test the high-frequency reflection coefficient simulation curve of the high-isolation shared-aperture metasurface antenna provided in the embodiment. The test results are as follows: Fig.14 shown.

[0069] It can be seen from the figure that in the 28-32GHz frequency band, the antenna's S 11 The parameter is less than -10dB, and the isolation between the two ports of the antenna at high frequencies is less than -40dB.

[0070] 5. The radiation pattern and gain curve of the high-isolation shared-aperture metasurface antenna provided in the test embodiment at 30 GHz are as follows: Figure 15-16 shown.

[0071] It can be seen from the figure that the highest simulated gain that the antenna can obtain at 30GHz is 24.4dBi, and its calculated aperture efficiency is 26%.

[0072] It can be seen from the above test examples that the high-isolation shared aperture metasurface antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application achieves an impedance bandwidth of -10db in the range of 3.2-3.68GHz (13.95%), a peak gain of 11.45dBi at 3.5GHz, and a stable radiation pattern. In the upper frequency band, the antenna can operate in the frequency range of 28 to 30GHz, and can achieve a peak gain of 24.4dBi at 30GHz, with an aperture efficiency of 26%. The ultra-high isolation in the lower and upper frequency bands exceeds 100dB and 40dB, respectively. The shared aperture metasurface antenna can be used in 5G and later communication systems, especially communication systems that require high isolation.

[0073] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A high-isolation shared-aperture metasurface antenna, characterized in that: include: Speaker feed; A shared aperture metasurface patch antenna assembly is spaced apart from the feed source, and the shared aperture metasurface patch antenna assembly comprises: a shared aperture metasurface patch, a first dielectric layer, a metal floor, and a second dielectric layer which are sequentially stacked in a direction away from the horn feed source, the metal floor is provided with a gap, and the second dielectric layer is connected to a feeding mechanism; The shared aperture metasurface patch includes at least one microwave metasurface patch unit, and each of the microwave metasurface patch units includes at least two reflective array units.

2. The high-isolation shared-aperture metasurface antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflective array unit comprises: a central patch, the outer periphery of which is connected to at least one connecting arm, one end of the connecting arm is connected to the central patch, and the other end is connected to an outer frame.

3. The high-isolation shared-aperture metasurface antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The center patch is a rectangular patch, and the length and width of the center patch are both 0.023λ-0.058λ, the outer frame is a rectangular outer frame, and the length and width of the outer frame are both 0.061λ-0.068λ, the width of the connecting arm is 0.005λ-0.007λ, and the length of the connecting arm is 0.008λ-0.018λ, wherein λ is the wavelength at the operating frequency of the antenna.

4. The high-isolation shared-aperture metasurface antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spacing between the horn feed and the shared aperture metasurface patch is 0.75λ-0.85λ, wherein λ is the wavelength at the antenna operating frequency; the horn feed comprises a signal input part, a switching part and a horn output part connected in sequence, a first opening is provided at one end of the horn output part close to the switching part, an end of the horn output part away from the switching part is an open end, and an angle of 23°-27° is formed between the plane where the open end is located and the shared aperture metasurface patch; a second opening is provided at the switching part corresponding to the position of the first opening, a cavity is provided inside the signal input part, and the cavity, the second opening and the first opening are connected in sequence.

5. The high-isolation shared-aperture metasurface antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cross-sectional figures of the first opening and the second opening are both rectangular, and the lengths of the first opening and the second opening are both 0.093λ-0.105λ, and the widths are both 0.047λ-0.058λ; the cross-sectional figure of the open end is rectangular, the length of the open end is 0.257λ-0.280λ, the width of the open end is 0.187λ-0.222λ, and the height of the speaker output portion is 0.128λ-0.157λ ; The cavity inside the signal input part is a rectangular cavity, the length of the cavity is 0.093λ-0105λ, the width is 0.047λ-0.058λ, and the height is 0.128λ-0.157λ; the adapter part is a rectangular plate structure, the length of the adapter part is 0.21λ-0.26λ, the width is 0.21λ-0.26λ, and the thickness is 0.014λ-0.021λ; wherein λ is the wavelength at the operating frequency of the antenna.

6. The high-isolation shared-aperture metasurface antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: A through hole for connecting an external connector is provided on one side wall of the signal input portion, and the through holes include a first through hole, a second through hole and a third through hole arranged sequentially in a direction away from the adapter portion, and the second through hole is connected to the cavity; the apertures of the first through hole and the third through hole are both 0.027λ-0.031λ; the aperture of the second through hole is 0.016λ-0.018λ.

7. The high-isolation shared-aperture metasurface antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first dielectric layer is a rectangular plate, the length and width of the first dielectric layer are both 1.167λ-1.283λ, and the thickness is 0.026λ-0.028λ; the first dielectric layer is connected with first branches on all sides, the first branches are provided with first connection holes, the cross-section of the first branches is a rectangle, the length is 0.117λ-0.163λ, the width is 0.047λ-0.07λ, and the aperture of the first connection hole is 0.029λ-0.041λ; the second dielectric layer is A rectangular plate, the length and width of the second dielectric layer are both 1.167λ-1.283λ, and the thickness is 0.005λ-0.007λ; the second dielectric layer is connected with second branches on all sides, the second branches are provided with second connecting holes, the cross-sectional shape of the second branches is a rectangle, the length is 0.117λ-0.163λ, the width is 0.047λ-0.07λ, the aperture of the second connecting hole is 0.029λ-0.041λ, wherein λ is the wavelength at the operating frequency of the antenna.

8. The high-isolation shared-aperture metasurface antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: A avoidance groove is also provided on one side of the first dielectric layer. The length of the avoidance groove is 0.187λ-0.233λ and the width is 0.058λ-0.082λ.

9. The high-isolation shared-aperture metasurface antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shared aperture metasurface patch includes 4 rows and 4 columns of shared aperture patch units, each of the shared aperture patch units includes 4 rows and 4 columns of reflective array units, the length and width of the shared aperture patch unit are both 0.25λ-0.26λ, and the distance between two adjacent shared aperture patch units is 0.009λ-0.014λ, wherein λ is the wavelength at the antenna operating frequency.

10. The high-isolation shared-aperture metasurface antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism is a microstrip feeder, which is arranged perpendicular to the slot. The slot has a length of 0.502λ-0.548λ and a width of 0.021λ-0.026λ. The microstrip feeder has a length of 0.758λ-0.817λ and a width of 0.017λ-0.018λ.

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