Root straw recycling, smashing and intelligent landfill device

Abstract

The invention relates to a root straw recycling, crushing and intelligent landfill device, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery and comprises a rack, a three-point suspension bracket, a stubble collecting and cutting mechanism, a root straw collecting and crushing mechanism and an automatic discharge and ditching depth regulating and controlling mechanism. The stubble collecting and cutting mechanism utilizes a cam mechanism to realize extension and retraction of a movable cutter in inclined rotation, and the movable cutter and a fixed cutter are combined to cut stubbles, so that side throwing of the cut stubbles is realized; in the stubble collecting and smashing mechanism, the preliminarily cut stubbles and ground straw are sucked and conveyed to a smashing area through cooperation of a draught fan and an auger, and the stubbles are deeply smashed through multiple smashing cutters which are arranged in a layered mode and are gradually changed in size; the automatic discharge and ditching depth regulation and control mechanism senses the amount of root straw according to a gravity sensor in the small box body, and the amount of root straw is used as feedback information to control the opening and closing degree of a roller shutter door and the ditching depth of a ditcher, so that the field returning depth is intelligently regulated according to the quality of the crushed root straw.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a straw recovery, crushing and intelligent landfilling device, belonging to the technical field of agricultural machinery. Background Art

[0002] The traditional root stubble treatment method has poor root stubble crushing effect, which affects subsequent sowing. The existing machines have single functions and cannot accurately collect and crush roots and straw. The furrowing and root stubble treatment are not well coordinated, and the discharge volume and furrowing depth cannot be automatically adjusted in real time according to the amount of roots and straw after crushing, which is not conducive to the return of crushed roots and straw to the field. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to provide a device integrating root straw collection, cutting, collection, crushing, discharge and intelligent adjustment of trenching depth. The device uses a retractable oblique rotating knife and a fixed knife to accurately crush the side-throwing root stubble, uses a fan and an auger to collect and transport the root stubble and surface straw after preliminary cutting, uses a variety of knives with different sizes from top to bottom to crush the root straw, and then uses a weight sensor to identify the amount of crushed root straw, automatically adjusts the amount of discharged root straw and the trenching depth, so as to achieve efficient utilization of the root straw.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A root straw recovery and crushing intelligent landfill device comprises a frame, a three-point suspension frame, a root stubble collecting and cutting mechanism, a root straw collecting and crushing mechanism, and an automatic control discharge and trenching depth mechanism. The external front end of the frame is provided with a three-point suspension frame, the root stubble collecting and cutting mechanism is located on both sides of the external front end of the frame, the root straw collecting and crushing mechanism is located on both sides of the external rear end of the frame, and the automatic control discharge and trenching depth mechanism is located at the external rear end of the root straw collecting and crushing mechanism.

[0006] The root stubble collecting and cutting mechanism is characterized in that the fourth battery is fixedly mounted at the center of the lower side of the front end outside the frame, two fourth motors are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the fourth battery, the fourth battery and the fourth motor are connected through a power line, the worm is fixedly mounted on the shaft of the fourth motor, the worm is meshed with the worm wheel, the moving shaft is rotatably mounted on the root digging knife cover, the root digging knife cover gradually transitions from wide to narrow at the entrance to the exit, the worm wheel is fixedly mounted on the moving shaft, the fixed shaft sleeve is fixedly mounted on both sides of the front end outside the frame, the root digging knife cover is fixedly mounted on the fixed shaft sleeve, a plurality of springs are movably mounted on the inner side of the root digging knife base along the axial direction of the springs, the root digging knife is movably mounted on the outer side of the root digging knife base along the axial direction of the springs, the root of the root digging knife is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the spring, the top of the root digging knife is divided into three forks, each fork becomes longer from the root to the tip of the knife, and each fork is divided into multiple forks again like a fork, the root digging knife base is fixedly mounted on the moving shaft, and the root digging knife base is rotatably mounted in the root digging knife cover.

[0007] The root straw collecting and crushing mechanism is characterized in that the first battery is fixedly mounted at the middle of the outer upper end of the frame, two first motors are fixedly mounted on both sides of the first battery, the first battery is connected to the first motor through a power cord, the first gear is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the first motor, the first gear is meshed with the second gear, the second gear, the auger and the root straw crushing knife are fixedly mounted on the auger shaft in sequence from top to bottom, the root straw crushing knife extends from the auger shaft in a "T" shape, and is arranged in six layers from short to long from top to bottom, with six knives symmetrically arranged on each layer, the auger shaft is rotatably mounted at the center of the lower end inside the box, the box is fixedly mounted on both sides of the rear end outside the frame, the pipeline is fixedly mounted on the outside of the box, the motor plate is fixedly mounted at the center of the rear end outside the pipeline, the fifth battery is fixedly mounted at the outer lower end of the motor plate, the fifth motor is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the fifth battery, the fifth battery and the fifth motor are connected through a power cord, and the fan is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the fifth motor.

[0008] The automatic control of discharge and trenching depth is characterized in that a small box is fixedly mounted on the rear end of the box, a second battery is fixedly mounted on the front end of the upper side of the small box, a controller is fixedly mounted on the small box, a second motor is fixedly mounted on the small box, the second motor, the controller and the second battery are connected through a power line, a second rotating shaft is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the second motor, two fourth gears are fixedly mounted at both ends of the second rotating shaft, a rolling door shaft is rotatably mounted on a support plate, a third gear is fixedly mounted on the rolling door shaft, the fourth gear is meshed with the third gear, a gravity sensor is fixedly mounted on the rear end of the lower side of the small box, and a discharge ladder is fixedly mounted on the small box. The fixed rod is fixedly mounted on the rear end of the small box body, the fixed rod sleeve is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the fixed rod, the follower rod sleeve is fixedly mounted on the follower rod, the follower rod sleeve is rotatably mounted on the rolling rod, and the follower rod is rotatably mounted on the fixed rod sleeve, the fixed plate is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the follower rod, the third battery is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the outer side of the fixed plate, the third motor is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the outer side of the fixed plate, the third battery is connected to the third motor through a power cord, the follower rod, the follower rod sleeve, the fixed rod, the fixed rod sleeve, the fixed plate and the support plate are symmetrically arranged on the left and right, and the trencher is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the third motor and is located between the two fixed plates.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the root stubble collection and cutting mechanism of the present invention has a staggered layout of specially made forked curved blades and straight blades, and the blades have a progressive opening and closing angle, just like precision saw teeth, closely fitting the growth form of the root stubble, and forming a certain angle with the root stubble to form a cutting form similar to the lever principle, thereby solving the problem of easy jamming and low cutting efficiency in conventional cutting; in the root straw collection and crushing mechanism, the auger has a downward pressure transportation effect on the root straw, and is matched with a variety of knives with gradually changing sizes from top to bottom and complementary blade shapes, thereby overcoming the defect of uneven degree of root straw crushing; the automatic control of discharge and trenching depth mechanism senses the amount of crushed root straw in real time through a weight sensor, and intelligently adjusts the opening and closing degree of the rolling door mechanism and the trenching depth according to the amount of root straw, thereby reducing discharge blockage, achieving controllable trenching depth, and ensuring high-quality return of crushed root straw to the field. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an intelligent landfill device for recycling and crushing straw.

[0012] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the stubble collection and cutting mechanism

[0013] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the root straw collection and crushing mechanism

[0014] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the mechanism for automatically controlling discharge and trenching depth

[0015] Part number description in the figure: 1. Frame 2. Three-point suspension frame 3. First motor 4. First gear 5. First battery 6. Second gear 7. Box 8. Second motor 9. Third gear 10. Second battery 11. Root and straw crushing knife 12. Controller 13. Follower rod 14. Third battery 15. Third motor 16. Ditching machine 17. Fan 18. Fixed shaft sleeve 19. Root digging knife cover 20. Moving shaft 21. Fourth motor shaft 22. Fourth battery 23. Fourth motor 24. Root digging knife base 25 spring 26. Root digging knife 27. Fifth motor 28. Fifth battery 29. Gravity sensor 30. Auger 31. Small box 32. Pipeline 33. Auger shaft 34. Motor plate 35. Worm 36. Worm wheel 37. Fourth gear 38. Second shaft 39. Rolling door shaft 40. Rolling rod 41. Follower rod sleeve 42. Fixed rod 43. Fixed rod sleeve 44. Fixed plate 45. Discharging ladder 46. Support plate DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0018] As shown in the figure, a specific embodiment of a straw recycling, crushing and intelligent landfill device provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0019] A root straw recovery and crushing intelligent landfill device comprises a frame 1, a three-point suspension frame 2, a root stubble collecting and cutting mechanism, a root straw collecting and crushing mechanism, and an automatic control discharge and trenching depth mechanism. The three-point suspension frame 2 is provided at the external front end of the frame 1, the root stubble collecting and cutting mechanism is located at both sides of the external front end of the frame 1, the root straw collecting and crushing mechanism is located at both sides of the external rear end of the frame 1, and the automatic control discharge and trenching depth mechanism is located at the external rear end of the root straw collecting and crushing mechanism.

[0020] The root stubble collection and cutting mechanism is characterized in that the fourth battery 22 is fixedly mounted at the center of the lower side of the front end of the frame 1, two fourth motors 23 are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the fourth battery 22, the fourth battery 22 and the fourth motor 23 are connected by a power line, the worm 35 is fixedly mounted on the fourth motor shaft 21, the worm 35 is meshed with the worm gear 36, the moving shaft 20 is rotatably mounted on the root digging cover 19, the root digging cover 19 gradually transitions from wide to narrow at the entrance to the exit, the worm gear 36 is fixedly mounted on the moving shaft 20, and the fixed shaft sleeve 18 is fixedly mounted on the outside of the frame 1. On both sides of the front end of the part, a root digging knife cover 19 is fixedly mounted on the fixed shaft sleeve 18, a plurality of springs 25 can be mounted on the inner side of the root digging knife base 24 movably along the axial direction of the spring, and a root digging knife 26 can be mounted on the outer side of the root digging knife base 24 movably along the axial direction of the spring, and the root of the root digging knife 26 is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the spring 25, and the top of the root digging knife 26 is divided into three forks, and each fork becomes longer from the root to the tip of the knife, and each fork is divided into multiple forks again like a fork, and the root digging knife base 24 is fixedly mounted on the moving shaft 20, and the root digging knife base 24 can be rotatably mounted in the root digging knife cover 19.

[0021] The root straw collection and crushing mechanism is characterized in that the first battery 5 is fixedly mounted at the middle of the outer upper end of the frame 1, the two first motors 3 are fixedly mounted on both sides of the first battery 5, the first battery 5 is connected to the first motor 3 through a power line, the first gear 4 is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the first motor 3, the first gear 4 is meshed with the second gear 6, the second gear 6, the auger 30 and the root straw crushing knife 11 are fixedly mounted on the auger shaft 33 from top to bottom in sequence, the root straw crushing knife 11 extends from the auger shaft 33 in a "T" shape, and is formed from top to bottom by Six layers are arranged from short to long, and six handles are symmetrically arranged on each layer. The auger shaft 33 is rotatably installed at the center of the lower end inside the box body 7. The box body 7 is fixedly mounted on both sides of the rear end outside the frame 1. The pipeline 32 is fixedly mounted on the outside of the box body 7. The motor plate 34 is fixedly mounted at the center of the rear end outside the pipeline 32. The fifth battery 28 is fixedly mounted on the outer lower end of the motor plate 34. The fifth motor 27 is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the fifth battery 28. The fifth battery 28 is connected to the fifth motor 27 through a power cord, and the fan 17 is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the fifth motor 27.

[0022] The automatic control of discharge and trenching depth mechanism is characterized in that a small box body 31 is fixedly mounted on the outer rear end of the box body 7, a second battery 10 is fixedly mounted on the outer upper front end of the small box body 31, a controller 12 is fixedly mounted on the small box body 31, a second motor 8 is fixedly mounted on the small box body 31, the second battery is connected to the second motor 8 and the controller 12 respectively through wires, the controller 12 is connected to the second motor 8 through wires, a second rotating shaft 38 is fixedly mounted coaxially with the output shaft of the second motor 8, two fourth gears 37 are fixedly mounted at both ends of the second rotating shaft 38, a rolling door shaft 39 is rotatably mounted on a support plate 46, a third gear 9 is fixedly mounted on the rolling door shaft 39, the fourth gear 37 is meshed with the third gear 9, a gravity sensor 29 is fixedly mounted on the lower rear end of the small box body 31, and a discharge ladder 45 is fixedly mounted on the small box body 31. On the box body 31, the fixed rod 42 is fixedly mounted on the outer rear end of the small box body 31, the fixed rod sleeve 43 is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the fixed rod 42, the follower rod sleeve 41 is fixedly mounted on the follower rod 13, the follower rod sleeve 41 is rotatably mounted on the rolling rod 40, and the follower rod 13 is rotatably mounted on the fixed rod sleeve 43, the fixed plate 44 is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the follower rod 13, the third battery 14 is fixedly mounted on the outer upper end of the fixed plate 44, the third motor 15 is fixedly mounted on the outer lower end of the fixed plate 44, the third battery 14 is connected to the third motor 15 through a power cord, the follower rod 13, the follower rod sleeve 41, the fixed rod 42, the fixed rod sleeve 43, the fixed plate 44 and the support plate 46 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right, and the trencher 16 is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the third motor 15 and is located between the two fixed plates 44.

[0023] When the root stubble collecting and cutting mechanism is operating, the power unit drives the device forward through the three-point suspension frame 2, and the stubble body enters the working area of ​​the root stubble collecting and cutting mechanism. The fourth battery 22 supplies power to the fourth motor 23, and the fourth motor 23 drives the worm 35 to rotate, thereby driving the worm gear 36 to rotate, and the worm gear 36 drives the movable shaft 20 to rotate, thereby driving the root digging knife base 24 to rotate. The movable shaft 20 is at a certain angle to the horizontal plane, so that the root digging knife base 24 is at a certain angle to the horizontal plane. The progressive opening and closing angle of the blade on the root digging knife 26 makes the tool fit the root stubble shape more closely, and it is easier to pull the root stubble into the root digging knife cover 19. When the root digging knife 26 rotates with the root digging knife base 24, the spring 25 is gradually compressed along the internal track of the root digging knife cover 19, and the movable knife on the root digging knife base 24 inside the root digging knife cover 19 and the fixed knife on the root digging knife cover 19 support and cut the excavated root stubble.

[0024] When the root straw collection and crushing mechanism is operating, the fifth battery 28 supplies power to the fifth motor 27, and the fifth motor 27 drives the fan 17 to rotate, so that the cut root stubble and surface straw are sucked into the pipe 32 and enter the box 7. The first battery 5 supplies power to the first motor 3, and the first motor 3 drives the first gear 4 to rotate, and the first gear 4 drives the second gear 6 to rotate, and the second gear 6 drives the auger shaft 33 to rotate, thereby driving the auger 30 and the root straw crushing knife 11 to rotate. The auger 30 presses the initially cut root straw to the root straw crushing knife 11 below at a constant speed for crushing, and the root straw crushing knife 11 is arranged in layers. The root straw is thrown to the long knife for continued cutting under the action of the short knife and gravity. The setting of the knife from short to long from top to bottom is conducive to deep crushing.

[0025] When the automatic control discharge and trenching depth mechanism is in operation, the rotating root straw crushing knife 11 throws the crushed root straw into the small box 31, the second battery 10 supplies power to the second motor 8 and the controller 12 through the wire, the second motor 8 drives the fourth gear 37 to rotate, the fourth gear 37 drives the rolling door shaft 39 to rotate, and the bottom of the small box 31 is equipped with a gravity sensor 29, the gravity sensor 29 transmits the information of the crushed root straw amount to the controller 12 to adjust the height of the rolling rod 40 to rise (fall), when the rolling rod 40 rises (falls), the follower rod 13 rotates around the fixed rod sleeve 43, the upper part of the follower rod 13 rotates upward (downward), lowering (increasing) the trenching device, thereby increasing (decreasing) the trenching depth, the third battery 14 supplies power to the third motor 15, the third motor 15 drives the trenching machine 16 to rotate to trench, and the crushed root straw is finally discharged into the trench through the discharge ladder 45.

[0026] It should be noted that, in this article, terms such as "comprises", "includes" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus.

[0027] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A root straw recovery and crushing intelligent landfill device, comprising a frame (1), a three-point suspension frame (2), a root stubble collection and cutting mechanism, a root straw collection and crushing mechanism, and an automatic control discharge and trenching depth mechanism, wherein the outer front end of the frame (1) is provided with a three-point suspension frame (2), the root stubble collection and cutting mechanism is located at both sides of the outer front end of the frame (1), the root straw collection and crushing mechanism is located at both sides of the outer rear end of the frame (1), and the automatic control discharge and trenching depth mechanism is located at the outer rear end of the root straw collection and crushing mechanism.

2. The root straw recycling and crushing intelligent landfill device according to claim 1 is characterized in that The fourth battery (22) is fixedly mounted at the center of the lower side of the front end of the frame (1), two fourth motors (23) are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the fourth battery (22), the fourth battery (22) and the fourth motor (23) are connected through a power line, the worm (35) is fixedly mounted on the fourth motor shaft (21), the worm (35) is meshed with the worm wheel (36), the moving shaft (20) is rotatably mounted on the root digging knife cover (19), the root digging knife cover (19) gradually transitions from wide to narrow at the entrance to the exit, the worm wheel (36) is fixedly mounted on the moving shaft (20), and the fixed shaft sleeve (18) is fixedly mounted on the front end of the frame (1). On both sides, a root digging knife cover (19) is fixedly mounted on a fixed shaft sleeve (18), a plurality of springs (25) are mounted on the inner side of a root digging knife base (24) movably along the axial direction of the springs, a root digging knife (26) is mounted on the outer side of the root digging knife base (24) movably along the axial direction of the springs, a root digging knife (26) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the spring (25), a top of the root digging knife (26) is divided into three forks, each fork is successively longer from the root to the tip of the knife, and each fork is again divided into multiple forks like a fork, a root digging knife base (24) is fixedly mounted on a movable shaft (20), and a root digging knife base (24) is rotatably mounted in the root digging knife cover (19).

3. The root straw recycling and crushing intelligent landfill device according to claim 1 is characterized in that The first storage battery (5) is fixedly mounted at the middle of the upper end of the frame (1), the two first motors (3) are fixedly mounted on both sides of the first storage battery (5), the first storage battery (5) and the first motor (3) are connected via a power line, the first gear (4) is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the first motor (3), the first gear (4) is meshed with the second gear (6), the second gear (6), the auger (30) and the root straw crushing knife (11) are fixedly mounted on the auger shaft (33) in sequence from top to bottom, the root straw crushing knife (11) extends from the auger shaft (33) in a "T" shape, and is arranged in six layers from short to long from top to bottom. Six auger shafts (33) are symmetrically arranged on each layer, the auger shaft (33) is rotatably mounted at the center of the lower end of the box body (7), the box body (7) is fixedly mounted on both sides of the rear end of the outer side of the frame (1), the pipeline (32) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the box body (7), the motor plate (34) is fixedly mounted at the center of the rear end of the outer side of the pipeline (32), the fifth battery (28) is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the outer side of the motor plate (34), the fifth motor (27) is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the fifth battery (28), the fifth battery (28) and the fifth motor (27) are connected through a power line, and the fan (17) is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the fifth motor (27).

4. The root straw recycling and crushing intelligent landfill device according to claim 1 is characterized in that The small box (31) is fixedly mounted on the rear end of the box (7), the second battery (10) is fixedly mounted on the front end of the upper side of the small box (31), the controller (12) is fixedly mounted on the small box (31), the second motor (8) is fixedly mounted on the small box (31), the second battery is connected to the second motor (8) and the controller (12) through wires, the controller (12) is connected to the second motor (8) through wires, the second rotating shaft (38) is fixedly mounted coaxially with the output shaft of the second motor (8), two fourth gears (37) are fixedly mounted on both ends of the second rotating shaft (38), the rolling door shaft (39) is rotatably mounted on the support plate (46), the third gear (9) is fixedly mounted on the rolling door shaft (39), the fourth gear (37) is meshed with the third gear (9), the gravity sensor (29) is fixedly mounted on the rear end of the lower side of the small box (31), the discharging ladder (45) is fixedly mounted on the small box (31), the fixing rod ( The small box (31) is fixedly mounted on the rear end of the small box (31), the fixed rod sleeve (43) is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the fixed rod (42), the follower rod sleeve (41) is fixedly mounted on the follower rod (13), the follower rod sleeve (41) is rotatably mounted on the rolling curtain rod (40), and the follower rod (13) is rotatably mounted on the fixed rod sleeve (43), the fixed plate (44) is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the follower rod (13), and the third battery (14) is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate (44). The third motor (15) is fixedly mounted on the outer lower end of the fixing plate (44), the third battery (14) is connected to the third motor (15) through a power line, the follower rod (13), the follower rod sleeve (41), the fixing rod (42), the fixing rod sleeve (43), the fixing plate (44) and the support plate (46) are arranged symmetrically on the left and right, and the trencher (16) is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the third motor (15) and is located between the two fixing plates (44).

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