Method for planting tea trees in photovoltaic tea garden

Abstract

The invention provides a method for planting tea trees in a photovoltaic tea garden, relates to the field of utilization of photovoltaic facilities, and provides a planting method (including tea tree planting time, tea tree planting orientation, tea tree planting variety, fertilization method, pruning method and the like) capable of balancing photovoltaic power generation and tea tree growth through deep research and a large number of experiments on photovoltaic conditions. According to the planting method for the tea trees in the photovoltaic tea garden, the tea garden can be intermittently shaded while photovoltaic facilities generate power, and the growth requirements of the tea trees are met; a ground centralized photovoltaic power station built in a traditional mode is changed, photovoltaic facilities are built in mountain landforms suitable for growth of tea trees, and land resources for laying the photovoltaic facilities are saved. Tea and light complementation is achieved, composite superposition benefits of photovoltaic power generation and the tea garden are brought into full play, economic growth can be boosted, the development quality can be continuously improved, the application prospect is wide, and popularization significance is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of utilization of photovoltaic facilities, and in particular to a method for planting tea trees in a photovoltaic tea garden. Background Art

[0002] As an important renewable energy source, solar photovoltaic power generation has ushered in new development opportunities under the guidance of the "dual carbon" goal. With the laying of a large number of photovoltaic facilities, a large area of ​​land will be occupied. How to achieve multiple uses of one land and win-win results for all parties through the "agricultural photovoltaic complementary" project is imminent.

[0003] During the long-term phylogenetic evolution, tea trees have developed the characteristics of liking shade, warmth, humidity, and diffuse light. Especially in summer, covering them with sunshade nets can significantly improve the microclimate of the tea garden and improve the quality of tea. In photovoltaic agriculture, photovoltaic panels will intercept sunlight, thereby greatly reducing the light intensity of the plant canopy, but if the shading is excessive, it will affect the growth and development of tea trees in the tea garden, and unreasonable photovoltaic panel settings will lead to photovoltaic waste and difficulty in cost recovery. How to balance photovoltaic power generation and tea tree growth is the main concern in photovoltaic tea garden projects.

[0004] Therefore, providing a suitable method for planting tea trees in photovoltaic tea gardens is of great significance to promoting photovoltaic tea garden projects and achieving agricultural and photovoltaic complementarity. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for planting tea trees in a photovoltaic tea garden, aiming to solve the problems that the existing photovoltaic tea garden is difficult to balance photovoltaic power generation and tea tree growth and has low economic benefits.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for planting tea trees in a photovoltaic tea garden, comprising the steps of: planting tea trees in early November of the same year, digging trenches before planting, applying a mixed fertilizer consisting of 300-350kg of organic fertilizer and 20kg of compound fertilizer per mu, and backfilling with loose soil after the base fertilizer is applied.

[0007] The tea trees are planted on both sides of a photovoltaic panel with a width of 2m, and the planting row and hole spacing of the tea trees is 150cm×30cm, with 1 to 2 tea trees planted in each hole; wherein the varieties of the tea trees include one or more of Longjing, Fuding Dabai and Baiye No. 1.

[0008] The tea trees are pruned regularly, with the first pruning height being 12 to 15 cm above the ground for the remaining seedlings; and thereafter, the height of the tea trees after annual pruning is controlled between 60 and 70 cm.

[0009] The tea trees are fertilized every year; the fertilization method is a combination of base fertilizer and topdressing; wherein, 150 kg of cake fertilizer is applied per mu in autumn as base fertilizer; and 50 kg of biological formula fertilizer is applied in early March and late May as topdressing.

[0010] Furthermore, the method further comprises the steps of: using the electricity generated by the photovoltaic panels during the day to supplement the light for the tea trees in spring each year; wherein the light source for the supplementary light treatment is a blue-violet light with a wavelength of 440 to 450 nm, and the irradiation intensity is such that the light intensity of the tea tree canopy reaches 35 to 45 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 .

[0011] Furthermore, after the base fertilizer is applied and the floating soil is backfilled, wait for 1 to 2 days before planting the tea trees.

[0012] Furthermore, the variety of the tea tree is Fuding Dabai.

[0013] Furthermore, the pruning cycle is 2 to 3 times a year.

[0014] Furthermore, the pruning step also includes cutting off 3 to 5 cm of the crown surface before the spring tea harvest each year.

[0015] Furthermore, the planting row and hole spacing of the tea trees is 150cm×30cm, with one tea tree planted in each hole.

[0016] Furthermore, the specifications of the groove are 65 cm deep×65 cm wide.

[0017] Furthermore, the thickness of the floating soil is 50 to 60 cm.

[0018] Furthermore, the soil pH value of the photovoltaic tea garden is 6-8.

[0019] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0020] The method for planting tea trees in a photovoltaic tea garden provided by the present invention, through in-depth research on photovoltaic conditions and a large number of experiments, has obtained a planting method that can balance photovoltaic power generation and tea tree growth (including tea tree planting time, tea tree planting orientation, tea tree planting variety, fertilization method, pruning method, etc.), and the method for planting tea trees in the photovoltaic tea garden can make photovoltaic facilities intermittently shade the tea garden while generating electricity, so as to meet the growth needs of tea trees; it has changed the ground centralized photovoltaic power station built in the traditional way, and the photovoltaic facilities are built in the mountainous landform suitable for tea tree growth, saving the land resources for the laying of photovoltaic facilities. The complementary effect of tea and light is achieved, which is beneficial to maximize the composite superposition benefits of photovoltaic power generation and tea gardens, can promote economic growth, continuously improve the quality of development, and has broad application prospects and promotion significance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. It should also be understood that the terms used in the embodiments of the present invention are intended to describe specific embodiments rather than to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention are consistent with the prior art knowledge of those skilled in the art and the description of the present invention. The present invention can also be implemented using any methods, devices and materials in the prior art that are similar or equivalent to the methods, devices and materials described in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0024] When the embodiments give numerical ranges, it should be understood that unless otherwise specified in the present invention, both endpoints of each numerical range and any value between the two endpoints can be selected. The test methods in the following embodiments without specifying specific conditions are usually carried out under conventional conditions or under conditions recommended by the manufacturers. The materials or reagents required in the following embodiments are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0025] In order to solve the problems that it is difficult to balance photovoltaic power generation and tea tree growth in existing photovoltaic tea gardens and the economic benefits are low, the present invention provides a method for planting tea trees in a photovoltaic tea garden, comprising the steps of: planting tea trees in early November of the same year, digging trenches before planting, applying a mixed fertilizer consisting of 300-350kg of organic fertilizer and 20kg of compound fertilizer per mu, and backfilling with loose soil after the base fertilizer is applied.

[0026] Tea trees are planted on both sides of a photovoltaic panel with a width of 2m, and the planting row and hole spacing of tea trees is 150cm×30cm, with 1 to 2 plants planted in each hole; among them, the varieties of tea trees include one or more of Longjing, Fuding Dabai and Baiye No. 1. Specifically, it has been found through experiments that on sunny days, the shading degree of the tea tree canopy height under the chessboard-type fixed photovoltaic facilities is between 24% and 42.5%, and the shading degree of the photovoltaic tea garden in the flat single-axis tracking system is between 33% and 49%, which clarifies that the light environment is one of the main climate factors affecting the growth and development of tea trees. Through experimental analysis, it is concluded that the impact of photovoltaic modules on the light environment of tea gardens is mainly manifested in the following aspects: the shading degree of photovoltaic tea gardens, the blocking of sunlight by photovoltaic modules, will have a great impact on the light intensity of photovoltaic tea gardens. When the planting row and hole spacing of tea trees and the width of photovoltaic panels meet the conditions of 150cm×30cm:2m, and 1 to 2 plants are planted in each hole, the solar radiation distribution is relatively uniform, which is conducive to the uniform growth of tea trees. During the photovoltaic tea garden experiment, Longjing, Fuding Dabai and Baiye No. 1 were found to have the characteristics of genetic stability, wide planting area and low requirements for planting conditions, so these three varieties of tea trees were selected.

[0027] The tea trees are pruned regularly, and the height of the first pruning is to keep the seedlings 12 to 15 cm above the ground; thereafter, the height of the tea trees after pruning is controlled between 60 and 70 cm each year. Specifically, since the photovoltaic panels are arranged at intervals in the tea garden, the light intensity in different parts of the tea garden is different. According to experiments, the uniformity of solar radiation at the canopy of tea trees is crucial to the uniform growth of tea trees. When the planting row spacing of tea trees and the width of the photovoltaic panels meet the conditions of 150cm×30cm:2m, and 1 to 2 plants are planted in each hole, the height of the tea trees after annual pruning still needs to be controlled between 60 and 70 cm in combination with the height of the tea trees, in order to maximize the uniform distribution of solar radiation.

[0028] Fertilize the tea trees every year; the fertilization method is a combination of basal fertilizer and topdressing; among them, 150kg of cake fertilizer is applied per mu in autumn as basal fertilizer; and 50kg of biological formula fertilizer is applied in early March and late May as topdressing. Specifically, tea picking in my country currently mainly occurs in spring, summer and autumn. Spring is the production time of traditional famous green tea, but the spring tea production season is short, the raw materials are limited, and the output is difficult to meet market demand; summer and autumn tea production time is long and the output is large, but summer and autumn tea grows fast and has poor tenderness. After being processed into green tea, the taste is bitter and the quality is relatively poor. Therefore, the combination of basal fertilizer and topdressing can optimize the market supply demand of photovoltaic tea gardens by applying 150kg of cake fertilizer per mu as basal fertilizer once in autumn every year, and applying 50kg of biological formula fertilizer in early March and late May every year as topdressing.

[0029] The method for planting tea trees in a photovoltaic tea garden provided by the present invention, through in-depth research on photovoltaic conditions and a large number of experiments, has obtained a planting method that can balance photovoltaic power generation and tea tree growth (including tea tree planting time, tea tree planting orientation, tea tree planting variety, fertilization method, pruning method, etc.), and the method for planting tea trees in the photovoltaic tea garden can make photovoltaic facilities intermittently shade the tea garden while generating electricity, so as to meet the growth needs of tea trees; it has changed the ground centralized photovoltaic power station built in the traditional way, and the photovoltaic facilities are built in the mountainous landform suitable for tea tree growth, saving the land resources for the laying of photovoltaic facilities. The complementary effect of tea and light is achieved, which is beneficial to maximize the composite superposition benefits of photovoltaic power generation and tea gardens, can promote economic growth, continuously improve the quality of development, and has broad application prospects and promotion significance.

[0030] Specifically, as the cost advantage of photovoltaic power generation becomes more prominent, the integration of photovoltaic power generation and agriculture will usher in a broad space for development. Photovoltaic tea gardens are modern comprehensive agricultural production systems that integrate tea garden economic development, ecological environmental protection, and efficient resource utilization. In photovoltaic tea gardens, when arranging photovoltaic arrays, we cannot only consider power generation and ignore the growth of tea trees, nor can we only consider the growth of tea trees and ignore power generation. Therefore, the planting method of tea trees in photovoltaic tea gardens must ensure that the power generation of photovoltaic systems and the growth of tea trees are in parallel. On the basis of meeting the growth needs of tea trees, maximizing the amount of electricity is the most basic requirement. The growth and development of tea trees are specifically reflected in the differences in the growth of tea trees, the yield of tea in tea gardens, and the quality of tea. The growth of tea trees is the height and bud length of tea trees; the yield of tea in tea gardens is reflected in the germination density, the weight of one bud, two leaves, and one hundred buds; the quality of tea is the phenol-ammonia ratio of tea, which is obtained by testing the content of theanine, tea polyphenols, and caffeine in tea.

[0031] Furthermore, the method further comprises the steps of: using the electricity generated by the photovoltaic panels during the day to supplement the light for the tea trees in spring each year; wherein the light source for the supplementary light treatment is blue-violet light with a wavelength of 440 to 450 nm, and the irradiation intensity is 35 to 45 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 . Specifically, the intensity of photosynthetically active radiation is the part of the spectral energy in the solar radiation absorbed by the tea tree during photosynthesis that makes the chlorophyll molecules excited. It is the energy source for plant life activities, organic matter synthesis and yield formation. In summer and autumn, the photosynthetically active radiation in the open air is very large, often exceeding the photosynthetic saturation point of tea trees; no supplementary lighting is required. In spring, the shading of the tea garden by photovoltaic panels will seriously change the intensity of photosynthetically active radiation reaching the tea trees. In combination with the tea varieties selected in the experiment (Longjing, Fuding Dabai and Baiye No. 1), blue-violet light of 440-450nm is required at 35-45μmol·m -2 ·s -1The intensity supplementary light treatment can effectively provide tea trees with photosynthetically active radiation intensity to ensure the optimal growth of tea trees in spring. Specifically, ultraviolet lamps (adjusted wavelength to 440-450nm) can be installed in tea gardens every spring for 14 hours of supplementary light treatment. The preferred supplementary light time period can be from 5 am to 7 pm; it is beneficial to promote tea tree germination, increase germination density and one bud, two leaves, and one hundred buds, and significantly increase the content of theanine.

[0032] Furthermore, after the base fertilizer is applied and the loose soil is backfilled, wait for 1 to 2 days before planting tea trees.

[0033] Furthermore, the variety of tea trees is Fuding Dabai. Specifically, Fuding Dabai has the best growth, tea yield and tea quality, and requires less supplementary lighting during the planting process, and has higher economic utilization value.

[0034] Furthermore, the pruning cycle is 2 to 3 times a year.

[0035] Furthermore, the pruning step also includes cutting off 3 to 5 cm of the crown surface before the spring tea harvest each year.

[0036] Furthermore, the planting row and hole spacing of tea trees is 150cm×30cm, with one tea tree planted in each hole.

[0037] Further, the specification of the ditch is 65 cm deep×65 cm wide. Specifically, when the specification of the ditch is 65 cm deep×65 cm wide, it is beneficial to the fertilization operation and the fertilizer effect is most suitable.

[0038] Furthermore, the thickness of the floating soil is 50 to 60 cm. Specifically, when the thickness of the floating soil backfilled after the base fertilizer is applied is 50 to 60 cm, the interlaced space between the roots of the tea trees is most suitable, which helps the tea trees absorb N, P, K and trace elements in the soil of the photovoltaic tea garden, thereby improving the quality and yield of tea.

[0039] Furthermore, the soil pH value of the photovoltaic tea garden is 6 to 8. Specifically, soil with a pH value of 6 to 8 is most suitable for the growth of the selected tea trees and can improve soil fertility.

[0040] For further understanding of the present invention, examples are given below:

[0041] The photovoltaic tea garden and open-air tea garden selected in each embodiment of the present invention are both located in Dushan County, Guizhou Province, and the two tea gardens are adjacent to each other, and the original soil pH value of the tea garden is 5.6. In each embodiment, the detection data of Longjing in the photovoltaic tea garden is recorded as GF-LJ; the detection data of Longjing in the open-air tea garden is recorded as CK-LJ; the detection data of Fuding Dabai in the photovoltaic tea garden is recorded as GF-FD; the detection data of Fuding Dabai in the open-air tea garden is recorded as CK-FD; the detection data of Baiye No. 1 in the photovoltaic tea garden is recorded as GF-BY; the detection data of Baiye No. 1 in the open-air tea garden is recorded as CK-BY.

[0042] (1) Planting of photovoltaic tea garden:

[0043] Tea trees were planted in early November of the same year. Before planting, trenches should be dug, soil pH should be adjusted to 6-8, and sufficient organic fertilizer should be applied. 300-350kg of organic fertilizer and 20kg of compound fertilizer should be applied per mu. After the base fertilizer is applied, the loose soil should be backfilled. After waiting for 1-2 days, tea trees were planted. The planting row and hole spacing was 30cm, and one plant was planted in each hole (the planting area of ​​the photovoltaic tea garden was divided into three equal parts, and Longjing, Fuding Dabai and Baiye No. 1 were planted respectively). The double-row spacing was 30cm, and the distance between double-row plants was 1.5 meters. Both double-row plants were planted under the photovoltaic panels, and the width of the photovoltaic panels was 2m. Anti-freeze and drought prevention work was done during the seedling stage.

[0044] After the tea trees are planted, they are pruned at a height of 12 to 15 cm from the ground, which is the first shaping pruning. Pruning can be done twice a year. During the subsequent growth period of the tea trees, the tea garden is fertilized with a combination of base fertilizer and topdressing. In autumn each year, 150 kg of cake fertilizer is applied per mu as base fertilizer, and in early March and late May, 50 kg and 30 kg of biological formula fertilizer are applied per mu respectively as topdressing during the growth period. Weeding and pest control should be carried out in a timely manner to ensure good management.

[0045] In the management of the tea garden, we focus on shaping and pruning the tea trees. Before the spring tea harvest every year, we cut off 3 to 5 cm of the surface layer of the crown, and shape and cultivate the crown in time, so that the height of the tea trees in the photovoltaic tea garden is controlled between 60 and 70 cm, which is convenient for the management and picking of mature photovoltaic tea gardens later.

[0046] In spring, from 5:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m., blue-violet light with a wavelength of 440-450 nm and a temperature of 35-45 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 Fill light processing of illumination intensity.

[0047] After the newly planted tea trees under photovoltaics have grown for 3 years and become a mature tea garden, various tests and comparisons will be carried out.

[0048] (2) Planting of open-air tea gardens:

[0049] Select soil blocks that are close to the photovoltaic tea garden and have a similar planting area to plant tea trees at the same time as the photovoltaic tea garden. The planting area of ​​the open-air tea garden is divided into three equal parts, and Longjing, Fuding Dabai and Baiye No. 1 are planted respectively. The selected varieties of tea trees are planted using conventional tea tree planting methods. After they grow for 3 years and become mature tea gardens, various testing and comparison work is carried out.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] Comparison of various indicators between photovoltaic tea garden and open-air tea garden in spring.

[0052] (1) Observe the growth of different varieties of tea trees in photovoltaic tea gardens and open-air tea gardens 15 days before the Grain Rain Festival in spring. The specific data collected include two indicators: tea tree height and bud growth.

[0053] Plant height measurement: Use a tape measure to directly measure the distance from the ground to the tea canopy and keep a record.

[0054] Bud growth: Use a ruler to measure the length of one bud and two leaves and keep a record.

[0055] The comparison table of tea tree height and bud growth in spring is shown in Table 1.

[0056] Table 1 Comparison of tea tree height and bud growth in spring

[0057]

[0058] From the comparison in Table 1, it can be seen that in the spring observation, there is no significant difference in the height and bud growth of Longjing tea trees between photovoltaic tea gardens and open-air tea gardens, and the photovoltaic panels have little effect on its growth and development; the height and bud growth of Fuding Dabaicha tea trees in photovoltaic tea gardens are greater than those in open-air tea gardens; Baiye No. 1 is an albino variety of tea trees. When the temperature is low in spring, the leaves are white and its photosynthetic efficiency is low. The construction of photovoltaic panels further weakens the light received by the tea trees. Therefore, the growth and development of Baiye No. 1 under the photovoltaic panels are inhibited. Combined with supplementary light treatment, the growth and development inhibition is not obvious.

[0059] (2) One to two days after the Grain Rain Festival in spring, the yield indicators of spring tea of ​​different varieties of tea trees in photovoltaic tea gardens and open-air tea gardens were observed, specifically the germination density and the weight of one bud, two leaves and one hundred buds.

[0060] Germination density: When a large number of tea trees in the tea garden have one bud and two leaves, the number of buds of different varieties of tea trees in the photovoltaic tea garden and the open-air tea garden is counted. The specific operation method is to randomly frame a square frame with a side length of 10 cm and count the number of buds in the frame.

[0061] One bud, two leaves and hundred buds weight: Take 100 one bud, two leaves individuals and weigh their weight.

[0062] The comparison table of spring germination density and one bud and two leaves 100 bud weight is shown in Table 2.

[0063] Table 2 Comparison of spring germination density, one bud, two leaves, and one hundred bud weight

[0064]

[0065] From the comparison in Table 2, it can be seen that in the spring observation, in the comparison of the germination density, one bud, two leaves and one hundred buds weight of the tea tree yield indicators in the photovoltaic tea garden and the open-air tea garden, the yield of Longjing tea increased slightly; the yield of Fuding Dabai tea in the photovoltaic tea garden increased by 35.28% compared with the open-air tea garden; the yield of Baiye No. 1 in the photovoltaic tea garden decreased by 12.26 compared with the open-air tea garden.

[0066] (3) After collecting the yield indicators, the spring tea leaves are picked and withered for preservation in a timely manner, and the content of theanine, tea polyphenols, and caffeine in the tea leaves is tested. The quality of the spring tea leaves is evaluated by the phenol-ammonia ratio.

[0067] Determination of theanine content:

[0068] Preparation of amino acid standard curve: Pipette 1 mL of theanine or glutamic acid series standard working solution into a set of 25 mL colorimetric tubes, add 0.5 mL of pH 8.0 phosphate buffer and 0.5 mL of 2% ninhydrin solution, heat in a boiling water bath for 15 min, cool and add water to 25 mL, and measure the absorbance (A) according to the operation. Draw a standard curve with the measured absorbance and the corresponding theanine or glutamic acid concentration.

[0069] Sample determination: Take 1 mL of tea extract and place it in a 25 mL volumetric flask, then add 0.5 mL of pH 8.04 phosphate buffer, add 0.5 mL of 2% ninhydrin aqueous solution, heat in a boiling water bath for 15 min, cool, add water to make up to 25 mL, let it stand for 5 to 10 minutes, and measure the absorbance (E) at a wavelength of 570 nm and a 0.5 cm colorimetric cup. Treat the blank with 1 mL of distilled water in the same way.

[0070]

[0071] Where:

[0072] N: milligrams of theanine per mL of colorimetric solution obtained from the standard curve according to (E);

[0073] V: dilution factor (i.e. the total volume of the test solution made from the sample);

[0074] V1: Actual milliliters of the test solution.

[0075] Determination of tea polyphenols content:

[0076] Preparation of tea soup: weigh 3g (accurate to 0.001g) of ground sample into a 500mL conical flask, add 450mL of boiling distilled water, immediately transfer to a boiling water bath, and soak for 45min (shake once every 10min). After the soaking is completed, immediately filter under reduced pressure while hot (using dried qualitative filter paper) into a 500mL volumetric flask, wash the tea residue several times with 50mL of boiling distilled water, and dilute to volume after cooling for later use.

[0077]

[0078] Sample determination: Accurately pipette 1mL of prepared tea soup, inject it into a 25mL volumetric flask, add 4mL of water, 5mL of ferric tartaric acid solution, dilute to scale with buffer, and mix well. Use a 1cm colorimetric dish and blank reagent as reference, measure the absorbance at a wavelength of 540, and find the amount of tea polyphenols in the solution from the standard curve.

[0079] Where:

[0080] C: standard curve content (mg);

[0081] M: weighed sample mass (g);

[0082] M: dry matter rate of the sample (%);

[0083] L1: total test solution volume (mL);

[0084] L2: The amount of test solution taken (mL).

[0085] Caffeine content determination:

[0086] Sample preparation: Take the tea extract raw material, accurately weigh about 0.1g, add a certain amount of pure water to dissolve, and then dilute to 100mL volumetric flask for later use.

[0087] Preparation of reference substance: Accurately weigh 20.0 mg of caffeine reference substance, add a certain amount of pure water to dissolve it, and then make up to 50 mL in a volumetric flask for later use.

[0088] Selection of chromatographic conditions: Accurately pipette 20uL of the reference solution and the test solution respectively, inject into the HPLC, record the peak area, and determine the caffeine content in the sample.

[0089] Standard curve determination: Accurately weigh 9.0, 19.5, 29.7, 39.6, and 51.3 mg of caffeine reference substance, dissolve them in pure water, and then dilute to 50 mL volumetric flask for use. Under the conditions of mobile phase composition of methanol: water: acetic acid = 23: 75: 2; chromatographic column: TSK-GELOODS-100V (3μm, 4.6×150mm); flow rate of 1.0mL / min; column temperature of 24℃, accurately draw 20μL of reference substance solution of each concentration, inject into high performance liquid chromatograph, and record peak area.

[0090] The comparison table of theanine, tea polyphenols and caffeine measured in spring is shown in Table 3.

[0091] Table 3 Comparison of theanine, tea polyphenols and caffeine in spring

[0092]

[0093] From the comparison in Table 3, it can be seen that in the spring observation, compared with the open-air tea garden, the theanine content in the photovoltaic tea garden showed an increasing trend, while the tea polyphenol content and caffeine content showed a decreasing trend. The total phenol-amine ratio decreased, the freshness of the tea increased, the bitterness decreased, and the quality of the tea was significantly improved. Among them: compared with the Longjing in the open-air tea garden, the theanine content of the photovoltaic tea garden Longjing increased by 23.20%, the tea polyphenol content did not change much, and the caffeine content decreased by 8.3%; compared with the Fuding Dabaicha in the open-air tea garden, the theanine content of the photovoltaic tea garden Longjing increased by 22.43%, the tea polyphenol content decreased by 11.49%, and the caffeine content decreased by 5.80%; compared with the Baiye No. 1 in the open-air tea garden, the theanine content of the photovoltaic tea garden Longjing increased by 27.69%, the tea polyphenol content decreased by 13.1%, and the caffeine content decreased by 24.32%.

[0094] Example 2

[0095] Comparison of various indicators between photovoltaic tea garden and open-air tea garden in summer and autumn. The measurement and recording methods of various indicators in this embodiment are the same as those in embodiment 1.

[0096] (1) In mid-August, the growth of different varieties of tea trees in the photovoltaic tea garden and the open-air tea garden was observed. The specific data collected included two indicators: the height of the tea trees and the growth of the buds.

[0097] The comparison of tea tree height and bud growth in summer and autumn is shown in Table 4.

[0098] Table 4 Comparison of tea tree height and bud growth in summer and autumn

[0099]

[0100] From the comparison in Table 4, it can be seen that in the observations in summer and autumn, the height and bud growth of tea trees in photovoltaic tea gardens and open-air tea gardens are not significantly different. The reason is that after picking tea in spring and summer, the tea gardens are pruned, fertilized, weeded and other tea garden management and production activities are carried out. In order to make the crown height of the tea trees consistent for easy picking, the height of the tea trees of various varieties is not much different.

[0101] In summer and autumn, the sunlight is strong and the temperature is high, which affects the growth of all tea trees. However, photovoltaic facilities can provide shade for tea trees. Compared with open-air tea gardens, the growth of buds in photovoltaic tea gardens has increased significantly. The bud length of Longjing increased by 16.67%, that of Fuding Dabaicha increased by 14.63%, and that of Baiye No. 1 increased by 77.78%, because the leaves of Baiye No. 1 are easily damaged by sunlight in summer and autumn.

[0102] (2) In early September, the yield indicators of spring tea of ​​different varieties of tea trees in the photovoltaic tea garden and the open-air tea garden were observed, specifically the germination density and the weight of one bud, two leaves and one hundred buds.

[0103] The comparison table of germination density and one bud and two leaves 100 bud weight in summer and autumn is shown in Table 5.

[0104] Table 5 Comparison of germination density, one bud, two leaves, and one hundred bud weight in summer and autumn

[0105]

[0106] From the comparison in Table 5, it can be seen that in the observations in summer and autumn, the germination density of tea tree yield indicators in photovoltaic tea gardens and open-air tea gardens showed an increasing trend. Among them, the germination density of Longjing increased by 42.65%; the germination density of Fuding Dabaicha increased by 87.13%; and the germination density of Baiye No. 1 increased by 127.39%. The 100 bud weights of Longjing and Fuding Dabaicha in photovoltaic tea gardens and open-air tea gardens did not change much in summer and autumn, while the buds of Baiye No. 1 in the open-air tea garden developed slowly due to the sunburn. The photovoltaic tea garden played a shading role, which promoted the increase in the yield of Baiye No. 1.

[0107] (3) After collecting the yield indicators, the spring tea leaves are picked and preserved in time, and the content of theanine, tea polyphenols, and caffeine in the tea leaves is tested. The quality of the autumn tea leaves is evaluated by the phenol-ammonia ratio.

[0108] The comparison table of theanine, tea polyphenols and caffeine measured in summer and autumn is shown in Table 6.

[0109] Table 6 Comparison of theanine, tea polyphenols and caffeine in summer and autumn

[0110]

[0111] From the comparison in Table 6, it can be seen that in the observations in summer and autumn, compared with the open-air tea garden, the theanine content in the photovoltaic tea garden showed an increasing trend; the tea polyphenol content and caffeine content in Longjing and Fuding Dabaicha showed a decreasing trend; the theanine and tea polyphenol content of Baiye No. 1 increased, and the caffeine content decreased. Among them: compared with Longjing in the open-air tea garden, the theanine content of Longjing in the photovoltaic tea garden increased by 13.46%, the tea polyphenol content decreased by 23.22%, and the caffeine content decreased by 37.19%; compared with Fuding Dabaicha in the open-air tea garden, the theanine content of Longjing in the photovoltaic tea garden increased by 23.77%, the tea polyphenol content increased by 15.09%, and the caffeine content decreased by 32.53%; compared with Baiye No. 1 in the open-air tea garden, the theanine content of Longjing in the photovoltaic tea garden increased by 101%, the tea polyphenol content increased by 19.69%, and the caffeine content decreased by 12.57%.

[0112] In summary, the yield and quality of spring tea, summer and autumn tea of ​​Fuding Dabaicha planted in photovoltaic tea gardens have been optimally improved, so Fuding Dabaicha is the most suitable tea tree variety for photovoltaic tea gardens. Baiye No. 1 is an important raw material for making high-quality white tea. It is necessary to build photovoltaic panels on Baiye No. 1 to generate electricity and perform long-term supplementary lighting treatment with 440-450nm blue-violet light to increase the yield of spring tea and greatly increase the yield and quality of summer and autumn tea.

[0113] In summary, the above technical solutions of the present invention are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made using the contents of the present invention specification under the technical concept of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for planting tea trees in a photovoltaic tea garden, characterized in that: Includes steps: Tea trees are planted in early November of the same year. Ditches are dug before planting, and mixed fertilizer consisting of 300-350kg organic fertilizer and 20kg compound fertilizer is applied per mu. After the base fertilizer is applied, the loose soil is backfilled. The tea trees are planted on both sides of a photovoltaic panel with a width of 2m, and the planting row and hole spacing of the tea trees is 150cm×30cm, with 1 to 2 tea trees planted in each hole; wherein the varieties of the tea trees include one or more of Longjing, Fuding Dabai and Baiye No. 1; The tea trees are pruned regularly, with the first pruning height being 12 to 15 cm above the ground for the remaining seedlings; and the height of the tea trees after pruning each year is controlled between 60 and 70 cm; The tea trees are fertilized every year; the fertilization method is a combination of base fertilizer and topdressing; wherein, 150 kg of cake fertilizer is applied per mu in autumn as base fertilizer; and 50 kg of biological formula fertilizer is applied in early March and late May as topdressing.

2. The method for planting tea trees in a photovoltaic tea garden according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes the steps: In spring of each year, the tea trees are supplemented with light using the electricity generated by photovoltaic panels during the day; wherein the light source for the supplementary light treatment is blue-violet light with a wavelength of 440 to 450 nm, and the irradiation intensity is 35 to 45 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 .

3. The method for planting tea trees in a photovoltaic tea garden according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the base fertilizer is applied and the step of backfilling the loose soil is completed, the tea trees are planted after waiting for 1 to 2 days.

4. The method for planting tea trees in a photovoltaic tea garden according to claim 1, characterized in that: The variety of the tea tree is Fuding Dabai.

5. The method for planting tea trees in a photovoltaic tea garden according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pruning cycle is 2 to 3 times a year.

6. The method for planting tea trees in a photovoltaic tea garden according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pruning step also includes cutting off 3 to 5 cm of the crown surface before the spring tea harvest each year.

7. The method for planting tea trees in a photovoltaic tea garden according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting row and hole spacing of the tea trees is 150cm×30cm, and one tea tree is planted in each hole.

8. The method for planting tea trees in a photovoltaic tea garden according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specifications of the trench are 65 cm deep and 65 cm wide.

9. The method for planting tea trees in a photovoltaic tea garden according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the floating soil is 50 to 60 cm.

10. The method for planting tea trees in a photovoltaic tea garden according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil pH value of the photovoltaic tea garden is 6-8.

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