Fire safety prevention and control system and method for lithium battery energy storage cabinet and energy storage cabinet

Abstract

The invention provides a lithium battery energy storage cabinet fire safety prevention and control system, a prevention and control method and an energy storage cabinet, the prevention and control system comprises a battery box body, a fire-fighting host, a battery cell explosion-proof valve, a battery cell explosion-proof valve fitting pipeline interface, a one-way valve, an electromagnetic valve, an electromagnetic valve control line, a fire-fighting pipeline and a two-way ventilation valve. By monitoring the pressure of the battery cell in real time, when the pressure is abnormal due to thermal runaway in the battery cell, the pressure change of the battery cell can be detected in time, potential dangers can be found, and intelligent data analysis, early warning in advance or automatic triggering of a fire extinguishing system can be realized through intervention of the BMS control center. In addition, an anti-explosion valve, a one-way valve and a two-way ventilation valve are further arranged, so that safe exhaust and fire prevention and control of the battery energy storage cabinet in an abnormal state are ensured, the system safety is improved, it is ensured that the energy storage system can make a response rapidly in various emergency situations, fire occurrence or diffusion is avoided, and safety accidents such as the fire are prevented from occurring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of energy storage, and in particular to a fire safety prevention and control system, prevention and control method and energy storage cabinet for a lithium battery energy storage cabinet. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy industry, energy storage equipment is increasingly being used in the energy field. However, the safety issues of energy storage equipment are becoming increasingly prominent, among which fire protection is particularly important. In industrial and commercial energy storage cabinets, the fire protection system usually adopts two levels of protection - package-level protection and cabinet-level protection; package-level protection is to install fire detectors on each PACK, and fire protection is activated through the alarm of the fire detector; cabinet-level protection is to install fire detectors on the top of the energy storage cabinet, and fire protection is activated after an alarm is generated. This method is not timely enough in the early stage of thermal runaway, and the increase in the number of fire detectors leads to increased costs. Summary of the invention

[0003] In response to the defects of the above-mentioned prior art, the present application provides a fire safety prevention and control system for a lithium battery energy storage cabinet, a prevention and control method and an energy storage cabinet, in which a cell pressure sensor is installed in each PACK to monitor the internal pressure of the cell in real time. Each PACK is equipped with a local fire-fighting device, such as a dry powder fire extinguishing agent or an aerosol fire extinguishing device, to ensure that when a fire occurs, the fire-fighting procedure can be quickly and accurately started, thereby effectively controlling the spread of the fire within the cluster. The BMS is responsible for monitoring and managing the status of each PACK in the cluster, and integrating monitoring data such as voltage, current, and internal pressure of the cell. Through a high-speed data communication network, data transmission and linkage control between each PACK and the cluster-level control center are realized. The central control system is responsible for monitoring and managing the status of the entire energy storage cabinet, and integrating all cluster-level and PACK data.

[0004] In the first aspect, the present application proposes a fire safety prevention and control system for a lithium battery energy storage cabinet, which specifically includes: an energy storage cabinet, a battery cell explosion-proof valve, an explosion-proof valve fitting pipeline interface, a one-way valve, a solenoid valve, a fire host, a fire pipeline and a two-way vent valve; wherein, One end of the battery cell explosion-proof valve is connected to the battery cell, and the other end is tightly fitted to the fire protection pipeline interface; The other end of the fire-fighting pipeline interface is connected to a one-way valve, and the one-way valve is connected to a fire-fighting host through a solenoid valve, and the solenoid valve is controlled on and off by the fire-fighting host through a solenoid valve control line; The other end of the fire protection pipeline interface is also connected to a two-way ventilation valve through a fire protection pipeline; Among them, a cell pressure sensor is set on each cell side to monitor the internal pressure of the cell in real time, and the BMS control center collects data from the cell pressure sensor to diagnose abnormal cell pressure. According to the diagnosis result, the fire safety control of the lithium battery energy storage cabinet is carried out through the fire host.

[0005] The system proposed in this application effectively reduces the risk of fire caused by battery overheating or abnormal internal pressure of the battery cell by real-time monitoring of the battery cell pressure and automatic response. The intervention of the BMS control center can intelligently analyze the data, give early warning or automatically trigger the fire protection system, reducing the need for manual intervention. The designs of explosion-proof valves, one-way valves, and two-way vent valves ensure the safe exhaust and fire prevention of battery energy storage cabinets under abnormal conditions, improve system safety, and ensure that the energy storage system can respond quickly in various emergency situations to prevent the occurrence of safety accidents such as fire.

[0006] Preferably, the explosion-proof valve fitting pipeline interface includes an upper area and a lower area; Among them, the upper area is connected to the one-way valve, which is used as the fire gas injection interface; the lower area is connected to the battery cell explosion-proof valve, which is used as the gas pressure relief interface inside the battery cell.

[0007] Preferably, the two-way vent valve is activated to release pressure when the internal pressure of the battery cell is greater than a preset critical value.

[0008] In the second aspect, based on the same inventive concept, the present application also proposes a fire safety prevention and control method for a lithium battery energy storage cabinet, the method comprising: S1: Monitor the internal pressure status of the battery cell in real time through the battery cell pressure sensor and send the monitoring data to the BMS control center; S2: The BMS control center diagnoses abnormal cell pressure based on the collected data; generates safety control instructions based on the diagnosis results and sends them to the fire host; S3: The fire host initiates the first-level response protection, the second-level response protection or the third-level response protection according to the safety control instruction.

[0009] Preferably, the step S2 further comprises: S21: Determine whether the internal pressure value of the battery cell is within the safe pressure value range. If so, continue monitoring; otherwise, go to S2; S22: confirming the abnormal level of the internal pressure value of the battery cell, wherein the abnormal level includes a first-level abnormal value range, a second-level abnormal value range or a third-level abnormal value range; S23: Identify the location of the abnormal battery cell; S24: The location of the abnormal battery cell and the abnormality level are sent to the fire host to initiate safety prevention and control.

[0010] This application uses battery cell pressure monitoring, intelligent diagnosis of the BMS control center and linkage with the fire protection system to automatically achieve fire safety prevention and control of lithium battery energy storage cabinets. Through real-time monitoring and abnormal diagnosis of battery cell pressure, potential safety hazards can be accurately identified and different levels of safety protection measures can be initiated in a timely manner, thereby improving the safety of the lithium battery energy storage system and achieving the purpose of suppressing the occurrence of fires.

[0011] Preferably, the step S23 further includes: Each of the battery cell pressure sensors is numbered in a preset order, each number corresponds to a unique battery cell, and is recorded in the BMS control center; when the BMS control center detects the internal pressure value of the battery cell, it traces the internal pressure value of the battery cell to the corresponding battery cell pressure sensor and battery cell to lock the position of the abnormal battery cell.

[0012] Furthermore, the S3 also includes: When the abnormal level is within the first-level abnormal value range, the first-level response protection is initiated; the first-level response protection is to initiate local cooling and ventilation measures; When the abnormality level is in the secondary abnormality value range, the secondary response protection is started; the secondary response protection is to start the local fire extinguishing device of the corresponding cluster level to perform local fire extinguishing; When the abnormality level is within the third-level abnormal value range, the third-level response protection is initiated; the third-level response protection is to initiate full-cabinet fire extinguishing, release high-pressure gas fire extinguishing agent, and start the smoke exhaust and pressure relief system.

[0013] Preferably, the local fire extinguishing or full cabinet-level fire extinguishing also includes: the fire host opens the solenoid valve through the solenoid valve control line, at which time the one-way valve is turned on, and the fire-fighting gas is poured into the inner body of the battery cell through the upper area of ​​the explosion-proof valve fitting the pipeline interface and the battery cell explosion-proof valve to extinguish the fire.

[0014] Preferably, the pressure relief system also includes: when the fire host starts the response protection, pressure is relieved simultaneously through the two-way air valve and the explosion-proof valve in the area below the pipeline interface.

[0015] In a third aspect, based on the same inventive concept, the present application also proposes a lithium battery energy storage cabinet, which is also equipped with a fire safety prevention and control system for a lithium battery energy storage cabinet as described above.

[0016] The fire safety prevention and control system, prevention and control method and energy storage cabinet of the lithium battery energy storage cabinet proposed in this application can respond in a graded manner according to the different levels of battery cell pressure, reduce unnecessary waste of resources, and ensure rapid response in emergency situations. The system reduces the risk of human operation by real-time monitoring of battery cell pressure, automatic diagnosis of abnormalities and initiating corresponding prevention and control measures through the fire host. Whether it is excessive battery cell pressure or the classification of abnormal levels, the entire process is automated, ensuring immediate response and improving the safety of the system. Through this multi-level response and automated processing method, the lithium battery energy storage cabinet can quickly locate the problem and take effective measures when pressure abnormalities or other faults occur, thereby greatly reducing safety risks such as fire. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a logic flow chart of a fire safety prevention and control system of a lithium battery energy storage cabinet shown in an embodiment of the present application.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the fire protection module assembly shown in an embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of a fire safety prevention and control method for a lithium battery energy storage cabinet shown in an embodiment of the present application.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a spray logic diagram shown in an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Among them, there are battery cell explosion-proof valve a, explosion-proof valve fitting pipeline interface e, one-way valve b, solenoid valve c, fire protection pipeline f and two-way air valve d, and solenoid valve control line g. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] Embodiment 1: This case proposes a fire safety prevention and control system for lithium battery energy storage cabinets, which is different from the traditional cabinet-level fire extinguishing system. This application focuses on intelligent fire protection systems. Traditional methods usually fail to detect thermal runaway in time, and the increase in the number of fire detectors leads to increased costs, which is prone to malfunctions or poor coordination. The detection of temperature, smoke, etc. cannot accurately capture the early signs of thermal runaway and cannot cover all battery packs, resulting in the difficulty of timely identification of safety hazards in local areas.

[0024] The fire safety prevention and control system for lithium battery energy storage cabinets in this application provides comprehensive and accurate fire protection for energy storage cabinets through various advanced technical advantages such as accurate real-time monitoring, local accurate fire extinguishing, multi-level linkage control, intelligent BMS and central control system. Compared with traditional fire protection solutions, this system not only improves the response speed and fire extinguishing efficiency, but also reduces the cost and maintenance difficulty, and can significantly improve the safety, reliability and service life of energy storage equipment.

[0025] As attached Figure 1-2 As shown, a fire safety prevention and control system for a lithium battery energy storage cabinet includes: an energy storage cabinet, a battery cell explosion-proof valve, an explosion-proof valve fitting pipeline interface, a one-way valve, a solenoid valve, a fire host, a fire pipeline and a two-way vent valve; wherein, One end of the battery cell explosion-proof valve is connected to the battery cell, and the other end is tightly fitted to the fire protection pipeline interface; The other end of the fire-fighting pipeline interface is connected to a one-way valve, and the one-way valve is connected to a fire-fighting host through a solenoid valve, and the solenoid valve is controlled on and off by the fire-fighting host through a solenoid valve control line; The other end of the fire protection pipeline interface is also connected to a two-way ventilation valve through a fire protection pipeline; Among them, a cell pressure sensor is set on each cell side to monitor the internal pressure of the cell in real time, and the BMS control center collects data from the cell pressure sensor to diagnose abnormal cell pressure. According to the diagnosis result, the fire safety control of the lithium battery energy storage cabinet is carried out through the fire host.

[0026] The system proposed in this application effectively reduces the risk of fire caused by thermal runaway in the battery cell by real-time monitoring of the battery cell pressure and automatic response. The intervention of the BMS control center can intelligently analyze the data, give early warning or automatically trigger the fire protection system, reducing the need for manual intervention. The designs of explosion-proof valves, one-way valves, and two-way vent valves ensure the safe exhaust and fire prevention of the battery energy storage cabinet under abnormal conditions, improve the system safety, and ensure that the energy storage system can respond quickly in various emergency situations to prevent the occurrence of safety accidents such as fire.

[0027] The explosion-proof valve fitting pipeline interface includes an upper area and a lower area; Among them, the upper area is connected to a one-way valve, which is used as a fire-fighting gas injection interface. When the battery pack or energy storage cabinet overheats, short-circuits or other faults occur, the fire-fighting system can spray fire-fighting gas (such as carbon dioxide, gas fire extinguishing agent, etc.) into the battery pack through this interface, thereby quickly suppressing the occurrence of fire or explosion.

[0028] The lower area is connected to the battery cell explosion-proof valve, which is used as the gas pressure relief interface inside the battery cell. When the pressure inside the battery cell reaches a dangerous level, such as thermal runaway inside the battery cell, it may cause battery fire, explosion, leakage of toxic gas and other dangers. At this time, if the battery cell pressure value is abnormal, the explosion-proof valve in the lower area will automatically open and release the gas inside the battery cell to the outside, thereby reducing the pressure difference between the inside and outside and preventing the battery cell from exploding or catching fire.

[0029] This explosion-proof valve design ensures the effective injection of firefighting gas and the safe discharge of gas inside the battery through the dual functions of the one-way valve in the upper area and the battery cell explosion-proof valve in the lower area. When a fire occurs, this partition design can timely and effectively release pressure and input fire-extinguishing gas, thereby protecting the safe operation of the energy storage system and achieving the purpose of suppressing the occurrence of fire.

[0030] Preferably, the two-way vent valve is activated to release pressure when the internal pressure of the battery cell is greater than a preset critical value. The two-way vent valve usually has the ability to self-regulate, and can quickly and effectively discharge excessive gas without damaging the battery cell or other components, reduce the internal and external pressure difference, and avoid more serious damage. Its "two-way" function means that the valve can allow gas to flow out of the battery under different circumstances, or prevent external gas from entering under certain conditions to ensure the stability of the battery cell. For example, assume that a certain battery cell in a lithium battery energy storage system has a certain amount of electrolyte. During the charging process, the battery cell may accumulate gas due to thermal runaway in the battery cell, thereby causing the internal pressure to rise. If the pressure rises to a set critical value (for example, 0.5 MPa), the pressure sensor in the battery cell will detect this change and transmit the data to the BMS control system. After the BMS analyzes the pressure data and confirms the abnormality, it will immediately activate the two-way vent valve through a control instruction, and the valve will open to release the excess gas inside to prevent the battery from exploding or catching fire.

[0031] Embodiment 2, as Figure 3 As shown, this case proposes a fire safety prevention and control method for lithium battery energy storage cabinets, and the prevention and control method is specifically as follows: S1, monitor the internal pressure status of the battery cell in real time through the battery cell pressure sensor, and send the monitoring data to the BMS control center; S2: The BMS control center diagnoses abnormal cell pressure based on the collected data; generates safety control instructions based on the diagnosis results and sends them to the fire host; S3: The fire host initiates the first-level response protection, the second-level response protection or the third-level response protection according to the safety control instruction.

[0032] By combining real-time monitoring, intelligent diagnosis and multi-level response, an effective battery safety protection system has been formed. It monitors battery cell pressure in real time, obtains key data, intelligently diagnoses battery cell abnormalities, and promptly evaluates battery safety status, ensuring that different emergency measures are taken according to different abnormal situations. When potential dangers occur in the battery pack, early warning and precise response are used to avoid serious consequences such as fire and explosion, thereby ensuring the safe and stable operation of the energy storage system.

[0033] Preferably, the step S2 further comprises: S21: Determine whether the internal pressure value of the battery cell is within the safe pressure value range. If so, continue monitoring; otherwise, go to S2; S22: Confirm the abnormal level of the internal pressure value of the battery cell, wherein the abnormal level includes a level one abnormal value range, a level two abnormal value range or a level three abnormal value range, such as a 0~12V range, 0~4V is a level one pressure alarm, 4~8V is a level two pressure alarm, and 8~12V is a level three pressure alarm, but is not limited thereto.

[0034] S23: Identify the location of the abnormal battery cell; S24: The location of the abnormal battery cell and the abnormality level are sent to the fire host to initiate safety prevention and control.

[0035] Through step S2, the abnormality diagnosis and prevention process becomes more accurate, timely and efficient, and the battery cell pressure is continuously monitored to ensure that the system can grasp the operating status of the battery cell in real time, judge the safety risk of the battery cell according to different pressure changes, and help the system to quickly take local response measures and initiate corresponding prevention and control measures to ensure the safety of the battery pack. This ensures that the battery energy storage system can cope with a variety of battery cell abnormalities ranging from minor to severe, reduce safety hazards caused by battery pack failures, and ensure the safe and stable operation of the system.

[0036] Among them, the maximum pressure of the battery cell can be used as a single condition to realize system early warning. The BMS system can monitor, collect and analyze the pressure value data of the battery cells in each PACK in real time, accurately evaluate and predict the pressure value of the battery cells, and when the internal pressure of the battery cell is too high, the explosion-proof valve will open and release pressure from the weakest point. When the cluster-level protection cannot solve the abnormality, the central control system will work together with the BMS system to automatically cut off all electrical connections to prevent further deterioration. Start the full cabinet-level fire protection system, release high-pressure gas fire extinguishing agent, and start the smoke exhaust and pressure relief system.

[0037] Preferably, the step S23 further includes: When the abnormal level is within the first-level abnormal value range, the first-level response protection is initiated; the first-level response protection is to initiate local cooling and ventilation measures; When the abnormality level is in the secondary abnormality value range, the secondary response protection is started; the secondary response protection is to start the local fire extinguishing device of the corresponding cluster level to perform local fire extinguishing; When the abnormality level is within the third-level abnormal value range, the third-level response protection is initiated; the third-level response protection is to initiate full-cabinet fire extinguishing, release high-pressure gas fire extinguishing agent, and start the smoke exhaust and pressure relief system.

[0038] The abnormal response mechanism responds to abnormal events in the system through different emergency response levels. According to the severity of the abnormality, the system will select appropriate response measures to ensure the safety of equipment and personnel. Specifically, the first-level response controls the temperature through local cooling and ventilation, the second-level response prevents the spread of fire through local fire extinguishing, and the third-level response takes measures such as comprehensive fire extinguishing and smoke exhaust to ensure that the accident will not expand further.

[0039] Each of the battery cell pressure sensors is numbered in a preset order, each number corresponds to a unique battery cell, and is recorded in the BMS control center; when the BMS control center detects the internal pressure value of the battery cell, it traces the internal pressure value of the battery cell to the corresponding battery cell pressure sensor and battery cell to lock the position of the abnormal battery cell.

[0040] Through the numbering and binding mechanism, the precise correspondence between each cell pressure sensor and the cell is ensured, so that the system can accurately trace the specific cell location when an abnormality occurs. This refined positioning method improves the system's response speed and processing efficiency when the cell pressure is abnormal, effectively reducing possible safety risks.

[0041] The system determines the level of abnormal values ​​and takes different level 1, 2 and 3 response protection measures. These measures include local cooling, local fire extinguishing, full cabinet fire extinguishing, smoke exhaust and pressure relief, etc., to ensure that the battery pack can be handled promptly and effectively at different abnormal levels, reduce safety risks and ensure the stable operation of the system.

[0042] like Figure 4 As shown, preferably, the local fire extinguishing or full cabinet level fire extinguishing further includes: The fire host opens the solenoid valve through the solenoid valve control line. At this time, the one-way valve is turned on, and the fire-fighting gas is poured into the battery cell through the upper area of ​​the explosion-proof valve fitting the pipeline interface and the battery cell explosion-proof valve to extinguish the fire.

[0043] Among them, the pressure relief system also includes: when the fire host starts the response protection, pressure is relieved simultaneously through the two-way air valve and the explosion-proof valve in the area under the pipeline interface.

[0044] Embodiment 3: This case proposes a lithium battery energy storage cabinet, which is equipped with a fire safety prevention and control system for a lithium battery energy storage cabinet as described above.

[0045] The fire safety prevention and control system, prevention and control method and energy storage cabinet of the lithium battery energy storage cabinet described in this application, accurate real-time monitoring, local precision fire extinguishing, multi-level linkage control, intelligent BMS and central control system and other advanced technical advantages provide comprehensive and accurate fire protection for the energy storage cabinet. Compared with traditional fire protection solutions, this system not only improves the response speed and fire extinguishing efficiency, but also reduces the cost and maintenance difficulty, and can significantly improve the safety, reliability and service life of energy storage equipment.

[0046] At the same time, this application is not only applicable to small-scale applications, where the fire protection system is designed according to the number and configuration of battery modules, but also to large-scale energy storage projects. The system can be expanded to a higher-level PACK-level fire protection solution, providing global monitoring and protection to ensure the safe operation of large-scale energy storage systems. It provides earlier risk warnings through battery cell pressure monitoring, establishes a multi-level protection system to ensure the system's all-round safety response, and is scalable to provide flexible fire protection solutions for energy storage systems of different sizes, meeting the safety, reliability and service life requirements of modern high-energy storage equipment.

[0047] Although example embodiments have been described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the above example embodiments are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application to this. Those of ordinary skill in the art may make various changes and modifications therein without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. All these changes and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present application as required by the appended claims.

[0048] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0049] Although the description of the present application is carried out in conjunction with the above specific embodiments, it is obvious that those skilled in the art can make many substitutions, modifications and changes according to the above content. Therefore, all such substitutions, modifications and changes are included in the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A fire safety prevention and control system for a lithium battery energy storage cabinet, characterized in that: Including energy storage cabinet, battery explosion-proof valve, explosion-proof valve fitting pipeline interface, one-way valve, solenoid valve, fire host, fire pipeline and two-way vent valve; Among them, one end of the battery cell explosion-proof valve is connected to the battery cell, and the other end is tightly fitted to the fire protection pipeline interface; The other end of the fire-fighting pipeline interface is connected to a one-way valve, and the one-way valve is connected to a fire-fighting host through a solenoid valve, and the solenoid valve is controlled on and off by the fire-fighting host through a solenoid valve control line; The other end of the fire protection pipeline interface is also connected to a two-way ventilation valve through a fire protection pipeline; Among them, a cell pressure sensor is set on each cell side to monitor the internal pressure of the cell in real time, and the BMS control center collects data from the cell pressure sensor to diagnose abnormal cell pressure. According to the diagnosis result, the fire safety control of the lithium battery energy storage cabinet is carried out through the fire host.

2. A fire safety prevention and control system for a lithium battery energy storage cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The explosion-proof valve fitting pipeline interface includes an upper area and a lower area; Among them, the upper area is connected to the one-way valve, which is used as the fire gas injection interface; the lower area is connected to the battery cell explosion-proof valve, which is used as the gas pressure relief interface inside the battery cell.

3. A fire safety prevention and control system for a lithium battery energy storage cabinet according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the internal pressure of the battery core is greater than a preset critical value, the two-way vent valve is activated to release the pressure.

4. A fire safety prevention and control method of a lithium battery energy storage cabinet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The prevention and control methods include: S1: Monitor the internal pressure status of the battery cell in real time through the battery cell pressure sensor and send the monitoring data to the BMS control center; S2: The BMS control center diagnoses abnormal cell pressure based on the collected data; generates safety control instructions based on the diagnosis results and sends them to the fire host; S3: The fire host initiates the first-level response protection, the second-level response protection or the third-level response protection according to the safety control instruction.

5. The control method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step S2 further comprises: S21: Determine whether the internal pressure value of the battery cell is within the safe pressure value range. If so, continue monitoring; otherwise, go to S2; S22: confirming the abnormal level of the internal pressure value of the battery cell, wherein the abnormal level includes a first-level abnormal value range, a second-level abnormal value range or a third-level abnormal value range; S23: Identify the location of the abnormal battery cell; S24: The location of the abnormal battery cell and the abnormality level are sent to the fire host to initiate safety prevention and control.

6. The control method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step S23 further comprises: Each of the battery cell pressure sensors is numbered in a preset order, each number corresponds to a unique battery cell, and is recorded in the BMS control center; when the BMS control center detects the internal pressure value of the battery cell, it traces the internal pressure value of the battery cell to the corresponding battery cell pressure sensor and battery cell to lock the position of the abnormal battery cell.

7. The prevention and control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The S3 further includes: When the abnormal level is within the first-level abnormal value range, the first-level response protection is initiated; the first-level response protection is to initiate local cooling and ventilation measures; When the abnormality level is in the secondary abnormality value range, the secondary response protection is started; the secondary response protection is to start the local fire extinguishing device of the corresponding cluster level to perform local fire extinguishing; When the abnormality level is within the third-level abnormal value range, the third-level response protection is initiated; the third-level response protection is to initiate full-cabinet fire extinguishing, release high-pressure gas fire extinguishing agent, and start the smoke exhaust and pressure relief system.

8. The control method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The local fire extinguishing or full cabinet fire extinguishing also includes: The fire host opens the solenoid valve through the solenoid valve control line. At this time, the one-way valve is turned on, and the fire-fighting gas is poured into the battery cell through the upper area of ​​the explosion-proof valve fitting the pipeline interface and the battery cell explosion-proof valve to extinguish the fire.

9. The prevention and control method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pressure relief system also includes: When the fire host starts the response protection, the pressure is relieved through the two-way air valve and the explosion-proof valve in the area under the pipeline interface.

10. A lithium battery energy storage cabinet, characterized in that: The lithium battery energy storage cabinet is also equipped with a fire safety prevention and control system for a lithium battery energy storage cabinet as described in any one of claims 1-3.

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