Spray thrower for combustion test of gas turbine and operation method of spray thrower

Abstract

The invention relates to a sprayer for a combustion test of a gas turbine and an operation method of the sprayer, the sprayer comprises a sprayer shell, a set of high-pressure atomizing nozzles is arranged in the sprayer shell, the high-pressure atomizing nozzles comprise two long nozzles and two short nozzles, the four nozzles are uniformly distributed around a circle, the long nozzles and the short nozzles are alternately arranged, and the long nozzles and the short nozzles are arranged in parallel. Porous water baffles are welded to the front end and the rear end of the inner wall of the sprayer shell respectively, an inlet flange is installed on the front end face of the sprayer shell, and an outlet flange is installed on the rear end face of the sprayer shell. Nozzle supports are evenly distributed on the outer wall face of the sprayer shell at intervals, nozzle support flange covers are installed on the nozzle supports through fasteners, and a long nozzle or a short nozzle is welded to each nozzle support flange cover. A drainage connecting pipe is arranged at the bottom of the sprayer shell, and an interface flange is arranged at the head of the drainage connecting pipe. Automatic adjustment and accurate control of exhaust cooling are achieved, the cooling effect is further enhanced, and the sprayer is simple in structure, high in adaptability and good in cooling effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of sprinklers, in particular to a sprinkler for combustion testing of a combustion engine and an operating method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A gas turbine is an internal combustion power machine that uses a continuously flowing gas as a working fluid to drive the impeller to rotate at high speed, converting the energy of the fuel into useful work. It is a rotating impeller heat engine.

[0003] In recent years, gas turbine combustion tests have become popular in major enterprises, schools and research institutes. During the combustion test of gas turbines, the exhaust temperature is as high as 1250°C. If it is not cooled, the exhaust system pipes and instruments will not be able to withstand it. In addition, in order to accurately calculate the combustion test performance data, it is also necessary to accurately measure the temperature, pressure, components and other parameters in the exhaust. The traditional method is to simply spray water or blow cold air into the exhaust pipe for cooling without precise control, which not only wastes a lot of water, but also fails to achieve the ideal cooling effect. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings in the above-mentioned existing production technology, the applicant provides a sprayer for gas turbine combustion testing and an operating method thereof, so that it can realize automatic adjustment and precise control of exhaust gas cooling, effectively avoiding the defects of traditional exhaust gas cooling methods while further enhancing the cooling effect. The sprayer has a simple structure, strong adaptability, good cooling effect, and the instrument interface is convenient for data collection, which is suitable for large-scale promotion and use.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A sprinkler for combustion test of a fuel engine comprises a sprinkler shell, which is a hollow thin-walled structure. A set of high-pressure atomizing nozzles is installed inside the sprinkler shell. The high-pressure atomizing nozzles include two long nozzles and two short nozzles. The four nozzles are evenly distributed around a circle, and the long nozzles and the short nozzles are alternately arranged. The front end and the rear end of the inner wall of the sprinkler shell are respectively welded with porous water retaining plates, the front end face of the sprinkler shell is installed with an inlet flange, and the rear end face of the sprinkler shell is installed with an outlet flange; nozzle supports are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the sprinkler shell, and nozzle support flange covers are installed on the nozzle supports through fasteners, and a long nozzle or a short nozzle is welded on the single nozzle support flange cover; a drainage pipe is arranged at the bottom of the sprinkler shell, and an interface flange is arranged at the head of the drainage pipe.

[0007] Its further technical solution is:

[0008] Each nozzle support flange cover is provided with twelve connection holes, which are connected to the nozzle support with fasteners, and four threaded holes are reserved for installing detection instruments.

[0009] The long nozzle and the short nozzle both adopt high-pressure atomizing nozzles.

[0010] The installation structures of the long nozzle and the short nozzle are the same.

[0011] The installation structure of the short nozzle is as follows: it includes a steel pipe passing through the nozzle support flange cover, one end of the steel pipe is provided with a connecting flange, the connecting flange is installed with a matching flange through a winding gasket and a fastener, the other end of the steel pipe extends into the interior of the sprinkler housing and is connected to the inner joint through an elbow, the inner joint is covered with an outer joint, and a plug is installed on the head of the outer joint.

[0012] The nozzle support flange cover is a square flange cover, which is made of a stainless steel plate, and the thickness of the steel plate is about twice the thickness of the sprinkler shell.

[0013] The aperture of the porous water retaining plate is 0.5-1 mm.

[0014] The inlet flange adopts a flat welding ring loose flange.

[0015] The outlet flange is a neck butt welding flange.

[0016] An operating method of a sprinkler for a combustion test of a gas turbine includes the following operating procedures:

[0017] Step 1: Design the sprinkler structure according to the theoretical exhaust parameters of the gas turbine and perform numerical calculation simulation;

[0018] Step 2: Install the designed sprinkler on the tail nozzle of the combustion test piece;

[0019] Step 3: After installation, conduct a water spray test and drain all excess liquid water;

[0020] Step 4: Carefully check the relationship between the weight of the unatomized liquid and the exhaust temperature. If more sewage is discharged, it means that the atomization effect is not good, and the nozzle design and flow control need to be re-optimized;

[0021] Step 5: After the combustion test begins, observe the value changes of the four temperature sensors installed on the nozzle support. After the temperature stabilizes, turn on the water pump to start spraying water.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] The present invention has a compact and reasonable structure and is easy to operate. A set of high-pressure atomizing nozzles is provided. The water spray flow rate of the plunger pump is automatically controlled by PLC to achieve the goal of accurately controlling the exhaust temperature. The sprinkler has strong adaptability and can be adjusted according to different working conditions of the gas turbine combustion test. The water spray atomization parameters are pre-set. During operation, it is automatically adjusted according to the temperature sensor and responds quickly. The high-pressure nozzle has a good atomization effect, the gasification rate reaches more than 95%, the cooling water can be quickly gasified, and basically zero sewage discharge is achieved.

[0024] The sprayer of the present invention is specially designed for gas turbine combustion test, and has simple structure, convenient processing, strong adaptability and relatively low cost.

[0025] The sprayer of the present invention operates reliably in a high temperature environment, and its performance meets the requirements of a gas turbine combustion test.

[0026] The present invention can effectively reduce the exhaust temperature during the combustion test of the gas engine according to the test requirements, accurately control the exhaust temperature and exhaust pressure, and facilitate data collection. The exhaust temperature adaptability range is 450-1250°C, and the pressure range is 0.2-3.90MPa. The exhaust temperature can be accurately controlled below 450°C, and the exhaust temperature can be adjusted online according to the experimental conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a partial view (1) of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a partial view (two) of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the short nozzle of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the long nozzle of the present invention.

[0032] Among them: 1. Sprinkler housing; 2. Reinforcement ring; 3. Nozzle support; 4. Inlet flange; 5. Drain pipe; 6. Interface flange; 7. Stud; 8. Washer; 9. Nut; 10. Wrapped gasket; 11. Matching flange; 12. Connecting bolt; 13. Nozzle support flange cover; 14. Ceramic fiber gasket; 15. Outlet flange; 16. Short nozzle; 17. Long nozzle; 18. Multi-hole water retaining plate;

[0033] 1601, connecting flange; 1602, steel pipe; 1603, elbow; 1604, internal joint; 1605, external joint; 1606, plug. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0035] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the sprinkler for combustion test of a combustion engine of the present embodiment comprises a sprinkler housing 1, which is a hollow thin-walled structure. A set of high-pressure atomizing nozzles is installed inside the sprinkler housing 1. The high-pressure atomizing nozzles include two long nozzles 17 and two short nozzles 16. The four nozzles are evenly distributed around a circle, and the long nozzles 17 and the short nozzles 16 are arranged alternately. The front end and the rear end of the inner wall of the sprinkler housing 1 are respectively welded with porous water retaining plates 18, the front end face of the sprinkler housing 1 is installed with an inlet flange 4, and the rear end face of the sprinkler housing 1 is installed with an outlet flange 15; nozzle supports 3 are evenly spaced on the outer wall of the sprinkler housing 1, and nozzle support flange covers 13 are installed on the nozzle supports 3 by fasteners, and a long nozzle 17 or a short nozzle 16 is welded on a single nozzle support flange cover 13; a drainage pipe 5 is arranged at the bottom of the sprinkler housing 1, and an interface flange 6 is arranged at the head of the drainage pipe 5.

[0036] Each nozzle support flange cover 13 is provided with twelve connection holes, which are connected to the nozzle support 3 by fasteners, and four threaded holes are reserved for installing detection instruments.

[0037] Both the long nozzle 17 and the short nozzle 16 are high-pressure atomizing nozzles.

[0038] The mounting structures of the long nozzle 17 and the short nozzle 16 are the same.

[0039] The installation structure of the short nozzle 16 is as follows: it includes a steel pipe 1602 passing through the nozzle support flange cover 13, one end of the steel pipe 1602 is provided with a connecting flange 1601, the connecting flange 1601 is installed with a matching flange 11 through a winding gasket 10 and a fastener, the other end of the steel pipe 1602 extends into the interior of the sprinkler housing 1 and is connected to the inner joint 1604 through an elbow 1603, the inner joint 1604 is covered with an outer joint 1605, and a plug 1606 is installed at the head of the outer joint 1605.

[0040] The nozzle support flange cover 13 is a square flange cover made of a stainless steel plate, and the thickness of the steel plate is about twice the thickness of the sprinkler housing 1 .

[0041] The aperture of the porous water retaining plate 18 is 0.5-1 mm.

[0042] The inlet flange 4 adopts a flat welding ring loose flange.

[0043] The outlet flange 15 is a butt-welded flange with a neck.

[0044] The method for operating the sprinkler for combustion test of a combustion engine of this embodiment includes the following operation flow:

[0045] Step 1: Design the sprinkler structure according to the theoretical exhaust parameters of the gas turbine and perform numerical calculation simulation;

[0046] Step 2: Install the designed sprinkler on the tail nozzle of the combustion test piece;

[0047] Step 3: After installation, conduct a water spray test and drain all excess liquid water;

[0048] Step 4: Carefully check the relationship between the weight of the unatomized liquid and the exhaust temperature. If more sewage is discharged, it means that the atomization effect is not good, and the nozzle design and flow control need to be re-optimized;

[0049] Step 5: After the combustion test begins, observe the value changes of the four temperature sensors installed on the nozzle support 3. After the temperature stabilizes, turn on the water pump to start spraying water.

[0050] The design concept of the present invention is:

[0051] Since the gas turbine combustion test needs to simulate different working conditions, the combustion flame temperature and exhaust flow rate under each working condition are different. Therefore, in order for the sprinkler to achieve the ideal cooling effect, it is necessary to accurately control the water spray pressure and atomization parameters. The atomization effect of the nozzle has an important influence on the cooling effect. A good sprinkler must not only achieve uniform temperature and flow field distribution, but also achieve the cooling goal under the condition of saving water. The design of the nozzle is very important and is the key to affecting the atomization effect. It needs to be comprehensively considered based on the atomization pressure and flow range. After the preliminary design of the nozzle is completed, numerical calculation simulation is first carried out, and then the nozzle structure and nozzle diameter are optimized. The design of each sprinkler needs to be simulated before processing and manufacturing, and the calculation model is adjusted according to the test data feedback to make the calculation structure as consistent as possible with the test measurement.

[0052] like Figure 1 The sprayer shown is used in the exhaust system of a gas turbine combustion test to cool the exhaust gas of the gas turbine and obtain parameters such as the temperature, pressure and gas composition in the exhaust gas, so as to accurately evaluate the combustion test data and predict the performance of the test piece.

[0053] from Figure 1 It can be seen that the sprinkler mainly includes: sprinkler body 1, reinforcement ring 2, nozzle support 3, inlet flange 4, drain pipe 5, interface flange 6, stud 7, gasket 8, nut 9, spiral wound gasket 10, matching flange 11, connecting bolt 12, nozzle support flange cover 13, ceramic fiber gasket 14, outlet flange 15.

[0054] A set of high-pressure atomizing nozzles is arranged on the sprayer housing 1, including two long nozzles 17 and two short nozzles 16, which are evenly distributed around a circle and arranged alternately. A porous water retaining plate 18 is respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the four nozzles and welded to the sprayer housing 1.

[0055] Each nozzle is welded to the nozzle support flange cover 13. Each nozzle support flange cover 13 has twelve connection holes and is fixed to the nozzle support 3 with fasteners. Four threaded holes are reserved for installing detection instruments.

[0056] A drainage pipe 5 is welded under the shower housing 1 to discharge excess unevaporated sewage.

[0057] The front and rear of the sprinkler housing 1 are an inlet flange 4 and an outlet flange 15. The inlet flange 4 adopts a flat welding ring loose flange, and the outlet flange 15 adopts a neck butt welding flange.

[0058] The porous water retaining plate 18 is provided to facilitate uniform distribution of airflow and is made of a porous steel plate.

[0059] When conducting a combustion test of a gas turbine, the sprinkler inlet flange 4 is connected to the exhaust nozzle of the gas turbine, and the water spray flow rate is controlled according to the set program to achieve the required exhaust temperature, and the water spray volume is adjusted according to the feedback of different exhaust temperature signals to achieve the purpose of the combustion test. According to the distribution of temperature and pressure in the flow field calculation results, the number and size of the openings on the baffle are reasonably optimized. The diameter of the sprinkler needs to be determined according to the exhaust pressure and exhaust flow of the combustion test. The model can be pre-designed according to the flow rate of 20m / s, and the structural dimensions can be optimized according to the analysis of the flow field simulation results. The function of the porous water baffle 18 is to optimize the flow field, strengthen the mixing of atomized water and hot flue gas, help the rapid gasification of water droplets, and increase the cooling effect. The initial aperture of the openings on the porous water baffle 18 can be set to 0.5-1.0mm, and the water spray atomization effect is simulated by numerical calculation to check the evaporation of water droplets. During the combustion test of the gas turbine, the holes of the porous water baffle 18 can adjust the flue gas flow field to avoid uneven temperature distribution caused by flue gas disturbance. The porous water retaining plate 18 is designed to be a detachable structure, and a retaining plate structure with different apertures can be used according to different smoke flow rates.

[0060] The operation of the drainage pipe 5 is to discharge some unvaporized water droplets in the event of an accident or startup or shutdown, while also considering drainage during cleaning and pressure testing.

[0061] The inlet flange 4 adopts a flat-welded ring loose flange, which is conducive to absorbing thermal expansion, simplifying the structure and reducing the difficulty of construction.

[0062] The outlet flange 15 adopts a neck-welded flange, which can withstand the impact of airflow reverse thrust and thermal stress.

[0063] The nozzle support 3 is used to connect with the nozzle support flange cover 13, which is the stress concentration point. Therefore, the thickness of the steel plate at the nozzle support is at least 3 times that of the shell, and the weld is strengthened. There are 12 threaded connection holes on the nozzle support for connecting the nozzle support flange cover 13. The depth of the threaded hole must not enter the shell wall thickness range. The function of the reinforcement ring 2 is to increase the structural strength, reduce the shell wall thickness, and reduce the weight of the sprinkler. The reinforcement ring 2 is located on both sides of the nozzle support 3, and the thickness is not less than the shell wall thickness. The overall structure of the sprinkler is simple, easy to manufacture, and convenient for on-site installation.

[0064] from Figure 4 and Figure 5 It can be seen that the long nozzle 17 and the short nozzle 16 have the same structure, both of which are high-pressure atomizing nozzles and can withstand a maximum water pressure of 12MPa. The flow rate of a single nozzle is 0-4.5L / s, and four nozzles can provide a water spray flow rate range of 0-18L / s. A high-pressure plunger pump is used to supply water to the nozzle. After the high-pressure water is atomized by the nozzle, it is mixed with the high-temperature flue gas in the sprinkler to quickly reduce the flue gas temperature. The long nozzle 17 and the short nozzle 16 are arranged alternately, which is helpful for the distribution of the flue gas temperature field. The water spray volume of the nozzle is automatically adjusted according to the temperature sensor signal to optimize the temperature distribution in the flue gas. The design of the long nozzle 17 and the short nozzle 16 is based on the calculation and experimental verification of the flow field in the sprinkler. The long nozzle 17 has a large spray hole and a low speed, and the short nozzle 16 has a small spray hole and a high speed. The nozzle aperture and water spray pressure are key factors affecting the atomization effect and cooling effect.

[0065] The nozzle support flange cover 13 is a square flange cover made of a stainless steel plate, and the thickness of the steel plate is about twice the thickness of the sprinkler housing 1 .

[0066] In actual working process:

[0067] The test steps are as follows:

[0068] First, the sprinkler structure is designed according to the theoretical exhaust parameters of the gas turbine, and numerical calculation simulation is performed. During the design process, the focus is on the setting of the nozzle, front and rear baffles. The nozzle structure length, the number of spray holes and the aperture size all have a significant impact on the atomization effect. The length of the long nozzle 17 is based on the radius of the sprinkler, and the segment nozzle should be initially designed according to 1 / 2 of the radius of the sprinkler. The design of the sprinkler inlet flange must be matched with the combustion nozzle flange of the gas turbine. The position and opening size of the front and rear baffles should also be optimized and adjusted according to the results of the flow field calculation. Generally, the distance between the front baffle and the nozzle position is not less than the radius of the sprinkler, and the position of the rear baffle is about 150mm in front of the weld of the sprinkler outlet flange. When the gas turbine is subjected to a combustion test, the designed sprinkler is installed on the tail nozzle of the combustion test piece. After installation, a water spray test is first carried out, and all excess liquid water is discharged after the test. Carefully check the relationship between the weight of the unatomized liquid and the exhaust temperature. If more sewage is discharged, it indicates that the atomization effect is not good, and the nozzle design and flow control need to be re-optimized. If the exhaust temperature does not reach the ideal value, consider whether the diameter and length of the sprinkler are designed reasonably. After the combustion test begins, observe the numerical changes of the four temperature sensors installed on the nozzle support. After the temperature stabilizes, turn on the water pump to start spraying water. The PLC will automatically adjust the amount of water sprayed by each nozzle according to the set temperature. The combustion test process is short, and the collected data will be stored in the PLC in real time. Pay attention to the changes in temperature and pressure during each test, set a reasonable adjustment space, so that the water spray plunger pump can accurately control the amount of water sprayed, and try to make the temperature display of the four nozzle positions the same. Since the gas turbine combustion test needs to simulate different working conditions, the combustion flame temperature and exhaust flow rate under each working condition are different. Therefore, in order to make the sprinkler achieve the ideal cooling effect, it is necessary to accurately control the water spray pressure and atomization parameters. The atomization effect of the nozzle has an important influence on the cooling effect. A good sprinkler must achieve uniform temperature and flow field distribution, and achieve the cooling goal under the condition of water conservation. Finally, the test data is sorted out, and the error between the theoretical calculation results and the test data is compared. Generally, the temperature is within ±5℃ and the pressure is within ±10% and belongs to the normal range. If the error exceeds the range, consider whether the test measurement accuracy or theoretical calculation method is appropriate.

[0069] The sprayer of the present invention has a simple structure, strong adaptability, good cooling effect, and a set instrument interface that facilitates data collection, and is suitable for large-scale promotion and use.

[0070] The sprayer of the present invention is made of 304 stainless steel, which is easy to process, easy to assemble and durable.

[0071] The above description is an explanation of the present invention, not a limitation of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined in the claims. Any form of modification may be made within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sprinkler for combustion test of a combustion engine, characterized in that: The invention comprises a sprayer housing (1), wherein the sprayer housing (1) is a hollow thin-walled structure, a set of high-pressure atomizing nozzles is installed inside the sprayer housing (1), the high-pressure atomizing nozzles include two long nozzles (17) and two short nozzles (16), the four nozzles are evenly distributed around a circle, the long nozzles (17) and the short nozzles (16) are arranged alternately, the front end and the rear end of the inner wall of the sprayer housing (1) are respectively welded with a porous water retaining plate (18), and the front end surface of the sprayer housing (1) is equipped with an inlet flange (4), an outlet flange (15) is installed on the rear end face of the sprinkler housing (1); nozzle supports (3) are evenly spaced and distributed on the outer wall surface of the sprinkler housing (1), a nozzle support flange cover (13) is installed on the nozzle support (3) through a fastener, and a long nozzle (17) or a short nozzle (16) is welded on a single nozzle support flange cover (13); a drainage pipe (5) is arranged at the bottom of the sprinkler housing (1), and an interface flange (6) is arranged at the head of the drainage pipe (5).

2. A sprinkler for combustion testing of a combustion engine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Each nozzle support flange cover (13) is provided with twelve connection holes, which are connected to the nozzle support (3) by fasteners, and four threaded holes are reserved for installing detection instruments.

3. A sprinkler for combustion testing of a combustion engine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The long nozzle (17) and the short nozzle (16) are both high-pressure atomizing nozzles.

4. A sprinkler for combustion testing of a combustion engine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The long nozzle (17) and the short nozzle (16) have the same mounting structure.

5. A sprinkler for combustion testing of a combustion engine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The installation structure of the short nozzle (16) comprises a steel pipe (1602) passing through the nozzle support flange cover (13), one end of the steel pipe (1602) is provided with a connecting flange (1601), the connecting flange (1601) is installed with a matching flange (11) through a winding gasket (10) and a fastener, the other end of the steel pipe (1602) extends into the interior of the sprinkler housing (1) and is connected to an inner joint (1604) through an elbow (1603), an outer joint (1605) is sleeved on the inner joint (1604), and a plug (1606) is installed at the head of the outer joint (1605).

6. A sprinkler for combustion testing of a combustion engine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle support flange cover (13) is a square flange cover made of a stainless steel plate, and the thickness of the steel plate is approximately twice the thickness of the sprayer housing (1).

7. A sprinkler for combustion testing of a combustion engine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The aperture of the porous water retaining plate (18) is 0.5-1 mm.

8. A sprinkler for combustion testing of a combustion engine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet flange (4) is a flat-welded ring loose flange.

9. A sprinkler for combustion testing of a combustion engine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet flange (15) is a necked butt-welding flange.

10. A method for operating a sprinkler for combustion testing of a combustion engine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following operation procedures are included: Step 1: Design the sprinkler structure according to the theoretical exhaust parameters of the gas turbine and perform numerical calculation simulation; Step 2: Install the designed sprinkler on the tail nozzle of the combustion test piece; Step 3: After installation, conduct a water spray test and drain all excess liquid water; Step 4: Carefully check the relationship between the weight of the unatomized liquid and the exhaust temperature. If more sewage is discharged, it means that the atomization effect is not good, and the nozzle design and flow control need to be re-optimized; Step 5: After the combustion test begins, observe the value changes of the four temperature sensors installed on the nozzle support (3). After the temperature stabilizes, turn on the water pump to start spraying water.

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