Solid organic fertilizer and preparation process thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a solid organic fertilizer and a preparation process thereof.The organic fertilizer is prepared from, by weight, 40-60 parts of plant straw, 20-30 parts of animal waste, 10-20 parts of plant ash, 4-10 parts of Becker powder, 5-15 parts of sugarcane leftovers, 8-20 parts of tea seed cakes, 4-10 parts of turf and 1-3 parts of fermentation inoculant.The preparation process is simple, and the solid organic fertilizer has the advantages of being environmentally friendly, low in cost and high in yield. The prepared organic fertilizer is rich in nutritional ingredient variety and high in content, integrates yield increase, high efficiency, long-acting effect, quality improvement, soil improvement and soil-borne disease inhibition, and can effectively increase the crop yield.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizer preparation, in particular to a solid organic fertilizer and a preparation process thereof. Background Art

[0002] Organic fertilizer refers to fertilizer made from animal excrement or animal and plant residues and other byproduct resources rich in organic matter as the main raw materials, which are fermented and decomposed. Organic fertilizer has the characteristics of improving soil, fertilizing soil, improving soil nutrient vitality, purifying soil ecological environment, and ensuring high-quality, high-yield and high-efficiency vegetables. It is an irreplaceable fertilizer for facility vegetable cultivation. Organic fertilizer is also called "farmyard fertilizer". All organic substances (compounds containing carbon elements) are called organic fertilizers. Including human feces, urine, manure, compost, green manure, cake fertilizer, biogas fertilizer, etc. It has the characteristics of many types, wide sources, and long fertilizer effect. The nutrients contained in organic fertilizers are mostly in organic state, which is difficult for crops to use directly. Through the action of microorganisms, a variety of nutrients are slowly released, and nutrients are continuously supplied to crops. The application of organic fertilizers can improve soil structure, coordinate water, fertilizer, gas, and heat in the soil, and improve soil fertility and land productivity.

[0003] The current solid organic fertilizers have a limited variety of nutrients and low content, which cannot meet the normal growth needs of crops. Therefore, it is necessary to improve them. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a solid organic fertilizer and a preparation process thereof to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical scheme: a solid organic fertilizer, wherein the organic fertilizer components include 40-60 parts of plant straw, 20-30 parts of animal feces, 10-20 parts of wood ash, 4-10 parts of baker's powder, 5-15 parts of sugarcane waste, 8-20 parts of tea seed cake, 4-10 parts of peat, and 1-3 parts of fermentation agent by weight.

[0006] Preferably, the preferred composition ratio of the organic fertilizer component includes 50 parts of plant straw, 25 parts of animal manure, 15 parts of wood ash, 7 parts of baker's powder, 10 parts of sugarcane waste, 14 parts of tea seed cake, 7 parts of peat, and 2 parts of fermentation agent.

[0007] Preferably, the fermentation agent is made of 2% leaf mold, 7% brown sugar, 21% farm fruit residues and 70% water.

[0008] Preferably, the preparation process comprises the following steps:

[0009] A. Dissolve the fermentation bacteria in water for propagation;

[0010] B. Plant straw, animal excrement, wood ash, baker's powder, sugarcane scraps, tea seed cake, and peat are mixed and added into a grinder to be crushed to obtain a mixture, and the moisture content of the mixture is adjusted to be between 40% and 60%;

[0011] C. Evenly sprinkle the fermentation agent on the surface of the mixture in step B to ensure that the microorganisms are evenly diffused into the fermentation material;

[0012] D. Ridge up the fermentation pile, and use a forklift to pile the materials into a fermentation pile with a width of 2-3 meters, a height of 1.5-2 meters, and an unlimited length;

[0013] E. Turn the materials evenly. Use a turning machine to break up the materials evenly and mix them fully. This ensures that the fermentation pile has a loose structure and that air enters the fermentation pile to complete the fermentation of the materials.

[0014] Preferably, the fermentation in step E is divided into three stages:

[0015] a) Heating stage: from room temperature to 65°C, the time is 1-3 days. When the temperature of the pile rises to 65°C for the first time, turn the pile over once;

[0016] b) High temperature stage: The temperature of the pile is maintained between 60℃ and 70℃ for 15-20 days, and the pile is turned every 3 days;

[0017] c) Cooling stage: from high temperature to below 50℃, the time is 3-5 days; after 20-30 days of fermentation, it reaches complete maturity, the composting process of organic materials is completed, and the fertilizer can be directly used after quality inspection.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the preparation process of the present invention is simple, the prepared organic fertilizer has rich nutrient types and high content, and at the same time integrates increased production, high efficiency, long-term effect, improved quality, improved soil, and inhibition of soil-borne diseases, and can effectively increase crop yields; in addition, the spreader added in the present invention can improve fertilizer efficiency, reduce the amount of organic fertilizer used, reduce environmental pollution, and improve the ability of the sprayed liquid to wet and spread on the stems and leaves of plants and the surfaces of pests and pathogens, thereby giving full play to the fertilizer effect and further improving the performance of the organic fertilizer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] The present invention provides the following technical solution: a solid organic fertilizer, wherein the organic fertilizer components include, by weight, 40-60 parts of plant straw, 20-30 parts of animal feces, 10-20 parts of wood ash, 4-10 parts of baker's powder, 5-15 parts of sugarcane waste, 8-20 parts of tea seed cake, 4-10 parts of peat, and 1-3 parts of fermentation agent.

[0021] Embodiment 1:

[0022] The components of the organic fertilizer include 40 parts of plant straw, 20 parts of animal manure, 10 parts of wood ash, 4 parts of baker's powder, 5 parts of sugarcane waste, 8 parts of tea seed cakes, 4 parts of peat, and 1 part of fermentation agent by weight.

[0023] In this embodiment, the fermentation agent is made of 2% leaf mold, 7% brown sugar, 21% farm fruit residues and 70% water.

[0024] The preparation process of this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0025] A. Dissolve the fermentation bacteria in water for propagation;

[0026] B. Plant straw, animal excrement, wood ash, baker's powder, sugarcane scraps, tea seed cake, and peat are mixed and added into a grinder to be crushed to obtain a mixture, and the moisture content of the mixture is adjusted to be between 40% and 60%;

[0027] C. Evenly sprinkle the fermentation agent on the surface of the mixture in step B to ensure that the microorganisms are evenly diffused into the fermentation material;

[0028] D. Ridge the fermentation pile and use a forklift to pile the materials into a fermentation pile with a width of 2 meters, a height of 1.5 meters and an unlimited length;

[0029] E. Turn the materials evenly. Use a turning machine to break up the materials evenly and mix them fully. This ensures that the fermentation pile has a loose structure and that air enters the fermentation pile to complete the fermentation of the materials.

[0030] In this embodiment, the fermentation in step E is divided into three stages:

[0031] a) Heating stage: from room temperature to 65°C, the time is 1 day, when the pile temperature rises to 65°C for the first time, turn the pile over once;

[0032] b) High temperature stage: The temperature of the pile is maintained at 61°C for 16 days, and the pile is turned every 3 days;

[0033] c) Cooling stage: from high temperature to 49℃, the time is 3 days; after 20 days of fermentation, it reaches complete maturity, the composting process of organic materials is completed, and the fertilizer can be directly used after quality inspection.

[0034] Embodiment 2:

[0035] The components of the organic fertilizer include 60 parts of plant straw, 30 parts of animal manure, 20 parts of wood ash, 10 parts of baker's powder, 15 parts of sugarcane waste, 20 parts of tea seed cake, 10 parts of peat, and 3 parts of fermentation agent by weight.

[0036] In this embodiment, the fermentation agent is made of 2% leaf mold, 7% brown sugar, 21% farm fruit residues and 70% water.

[0037] The preparation process of this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0038] A. Dissolve the fermentation bacteria in water for propagation;

[0039] B. Plant straw, animal excrement, wood ash, baker's powder, sugarcane scraps, tea seed cake, and peat are mixed and added into a grinder to be crushed to obtain a mixture, and the moisture content of the mixture is adjusted to be between 40% and 60%;

[0040] C. Evenly sprinkle the fermentation agent on the surface of the mixture in step B to ensure that the microorganisms are evenly diffused into the fermentation material;

[0041] D. Ridge up the fermentation pile and use a forklift to pile the materials into a fermentation pile with a width of 3 meters, a height of 2 meters and an unlimited length;

[0042] E. Turn the materials evenly. Use a turning machine to break up the materials evenly and mix them fully. This ensures that the fermentation pile has a loose structure and that air enters the fermentation pile to complete the fermentation of the materials.

[0043] In this embodiment, the fermentation in step E is divided into three stages:

[0044] a) Heating stage: from room temperature to 65℃, the time is 3 days, when the pile temperature rises to 65℃ for the first time, turn the pile over once;

[0045] b) High temperature stage: the temperature of the pile is maintained at 68°C for 19 days, and the pile is turned every 3 days;

[0046] c) Cooling stage: from high temperature to 48℃, the time is 5 days; after 30 days of fermentation, it reaches complete decomposition, the composting process of organic materials is completed, and the fertilizer can be directly used after quality inspection.

[0047] Embodiment three:

[0048] The components of the organic fertilizer include 45 parts of plant straw, 22 parts of animal manure, 12 parts of wood ash, 5 parts of baker's powder, 6 parts of sugarcane waste, 10 parts of tea seed cake, 5 parts of peat, and 2 parts of fermentation agent by weight.

[0049] In this embodiment, the fermentation agent is made of 2% leaf mold, 7% brown sugar, 21% farm fruit residues and 70% water.

[0050] The preparation process of this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0051] A. Dissolve the fermentation bacteria in water for propagation;

[0052] B. Plant straw, animal excrement, wood ash, baker's powder, sugarcane scraps, tea seed cake, and peat are mixed and added into a grinder to be crushed to obtain a mixture, and the moisture content of the mixture is adjusted to be between 40% and 60%;

[0053] C. Evenly sprinkle the fermentation agent on the surface of the mixture in step B to ensure that the microorganisms are evenly diffused into the fermentation material;

[0054] D. Ridge up the fermentation pile and use a forklift to pile the materials into a fermentation pile with a width of 2 meters, a height of 1.6 meters and an unlimited length;

[0055] E. Turn the materials evenly. Use a turning machine to break up the materials evenly and mix them fully. This ensures that the fermentation pile has a loose structure and that air enters the fermentation pile to complete the fermentation of the materials.

[0056] In this embodiment, the fermentation in step E is divided into three stages:

[0057] a) Heating stage: from room temperature to 65℃, the time is 2 days, when the pile temperature rises to 65℃ for the first time, turn the pile over once;

[0058] b) High temperature stage: The temperature of the pile is maintained at 62°C for 17 days, and the pile is turned every 3 days;

[0059] c) Cooling stage: from high temperature to 47℃, the time is 5 days; after 22 days of fermentation, it reaches complete decomposition, the composting process of organic materials is completed, and the fertilizer can be directly used after quality inspection.

[0060] Embodiment 4:

[0061] The organic fertilizer components include 55 parts of plant straw, 28 parts of animal manure, 18 parts of wood ash, 8 parts of baker's powder, 14 parts of sugarcane waste, 16 parts of tea seed cake, 8 parts of peat, and 2 parts of fermentation agent by weight.

[0062] In this embodiment, the fermentation agent is made of 2% leaf mold, 7% brown sugar, 21% farm fruit residues and 70% water.

[0063] The preparation process of this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0064] A. Dissolve the fermentation bacteria in water for propagation;

[0065] B. Plant straw, animal excrement, wood ash, baker's powder, sugarcane scraps, tea seed cake, and peat are mixed and added into a grinder to be crushed to obtain a mixture, and the moisture content of the mixture is adjusted to be between 40% and 60%;

[0066] C. Evenly sprinkle the fermentation agent on the surface of the mixture in step B to ensure that the microorganisms are evenly diffused into the fermentation material;

[0067] D. Ridge the fermentation pile and use a forklift to pile the materials into a fermentation pile with a width of 3 meters, a height of 1.5 meters and an unlimited length;

[0068] E. Turn the materials evenly. Use a turning machine to break up the materials evenly and mix them fully. This ensures that the fermentation pile has a loose structure and that air enters the fermentation pile to complete the fermentation of the materials.

[0069] In this embodiment, the fermentation in step E is divided into three stages:

[0070] a) Heating stage: from room temperature to 65℃, the time is 3 days, when the pile temperature rises to 65℃ for the first time, turn the pile over once;

[0071] b) High temperature stage: The temperature of the pile is maintained at 68°C for 18 days, and the pile is turned every 3 days;

[0072] c) Cooling stage: from high temperature to 48℃, the time is 5 days; after 24 days of fermentation, it reaches complete decomposition, the composting process of organic materials is completed, and the fertilizer can be directly used after quality inspection.

[0073] Embodiment five:

[0074] The organic fertilizer components include 50 parts of plant straw, 25 parts of animal manure, 15 parts of wood ash, 7 parts of baker's powder, 10 parts of sugarcane waste, 14 parts of tea seed cake, 7 parts of peat, and 2 parts of fermentation agent by weight.

[0075] In this embodiment, the fermentation agent is made of 2% leaf mold, 7% brown sugar, 21% farm fruit residues and 70% water.

[0076] The preparation process of this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0077] A. Dissolve the fermentation agent in water for propagation;

[0078] B. Plant straw, animal excrement, wood ash, baker's powder, sugarcane scraps, tea seed cake, and peat are mixed and added into a grinder to be crushed to obtain a mixture, and the moisture content of the mixture is adjusted to be between 40% and 60%;

[0079] C. Evenly sprinkle the fermentation agent on the surface of the mixture in step B to ensure that the microorganisms are evenly diffused into the fermentation material;

[0080] D. Ridge up the fermentation pile and use a forklift to pile the materials into a fermentation pile with a width of 2.5 meters, a height of 1.8 meters and an unlimited length;

[0081] E. Turn the materials evenly. Use a turning machine to break up the materials evenly and mix them fully. This ensures that the fermentation pile has a loose structure and that air enters the fermentation pile to complete the fermentation of the materials.

[0082] In this embodiment, the fermentation in step E is divided into three stages:

[0083] a) Heating stage: from room temperature to 65℃, the time is 2 days, when the pile temperature rises to 65℃ for the first time, turn the pile over once;

[0084] b) High temperature stage: the temperature of the pile is maintained at 65°C for 18 days, and the pile is turned every 3 days;

[0085] c) Cooling stage: from high temperature to 47℃, the time is 4 days; after 25 days of fermentation, it reaches complete decomposition, the composting process of organic materials is completed, and the fertilizer can be directly used after quality inspection.

[0086] Experimental example:

[0087] The performance of the organic fertilizers prepared by the various embodiments of the present invention was tested, and the data obtained are as follows:

[0088]

[0089]

[0090] In summary, the preparation process of the present invention is simple, and the prepared organic fertilizer has rich nutrient components and high content. At the same time, it integrates increased production, high efficiency, long-term effect, improved quality, improved soil, and inhibition of soil-borne diseases, and can effectively increase crop yields. In addition, the spreader added in the present invention can improve fertilizer efficiency, reduce the amount of organic fertilizer used, reduce environmental pollution, and improve the ability of the sprayed liquid to wet and spread on the stems and leaves of plants and the surfaces of pests and pathogens, thereby giving full play to the fertilizer effect and further improving the performance of the organic fertilizer.

[0091] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A solid organic fertilizer, characterized in that: The organic fertilizer components include 40-60 parts of plant straw, 20-30 parts of animal manure, 10-20 parts of wood ash, 4-10 parts of baker's powder, 5-15 parts of sugarcane waste, 8-20 parts of tea seed cake, 4-10 parts of peat, and 1-3 parts of fermentation agent by weight.

2. A solid organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preferred composition ratio of the organic fertilizer component includes 50 parts of plant straw, 25 parts of animal manure, 15 parts of wood ash, 7 parts of baker's powder, 10 parts of sugarcane waste, 14 parts of tea seed cake, 7 parts of peat, and 2 parts of fermentation agent.

3. A solid organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fermentation agent is made of 2% leaf mold, 7% brown sugar, 21% farm fruit residues and 70% water.

4. A process for preparing a solid organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation process comprises the following steps: A. Dissolve the fermentation agent in water for propagation; B. Plant straw, animal excrement, wood ash, baker's powder, sugarcane scraps, tea seed cake, and peat are mixed and added into a grinder to be crushed to obtain a mixture, and the moisture content of the mixture is adjusted to be between 40% and 60%; C. Sprinkle the fermentation agent evenly on the surface of the mixture in step B to ensure that the microorganisms are evenly diffused into the fermentation material; D. Ridge up the fermentation pile, and use a forklift to pile the materials into a fermentation pile with a width of 2-3 meters, a height of 1.5-2 meters, and an unlimited length; E. Turn the materials evenly. Use a turning machine to break up the materials evenly and mix them fully. This ensures that the fermentation pile has a loose structure and that air enters the fermentation pile to complete the fermentation of the materials.

5. A process for preparing a solid organic fertilizer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fermentation in step E is divided into three stages: a) Heating stage: from room temperature to 65°C, the time is 1-3 days. When the temperature of the pile rises to 65°C for the first time, turn the pile over once; b) High temperature stage: The temperature of the pile is maintained between 60℃ and 70℃ for 15-20 days, and the pile is turned every 3 days; c) Cooling stage: from high temperature to below 50℃, the time is 3-5 days; after 20-30 days of fermentation, it reaches complete maturity, the composting process of organic materials is completed, and the fertilizer can be directly used after quality inspection.

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