Plant-based transformer oil with high oxidation stability and preparation method thereof
By chemically modifying and adding additives to the refined vegetable oil, plant-based transformer oil with high oxidation stability and insulation performance was prepared, which solved the problem of insufficient oxidation stability and insulation performance in the prior art, and achieved higher environmental protection, safety and electrical performance.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411891039.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-28
AI Technical Summary
Existing plant-based transformer oils have shortcomings in oxidative stability and insulation performance, and it is difficult to meet the needs of high oxidative stability and safety and reliability.
Modified vegetable oil is prepared by performing hydrogen addition reaction of refined vegetable oil with hexamethyldisilamylazane under the action of a catalyst, and additives such as antioxidants, antirust agents, coagulation lowering agents and other additives are added to the modified vegetable oil to form plant-based transformer oil.
It significantly improves the oxidative stability and insulation properties of plant-based transformer oil, enhances its environmental protection, safety and electrical properties, and extends the service life of the equipment.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of transformer oil, and in particular to a plant-based transformer oil with high oxidation stability and a preparation method thereof. Background Art
[0002] Plant-based transformer oil uses natural vegetable oil as the main raw material, and is refined through processes such as dewaxing, bleaching, deodorization, alkali refining, water washing, compounding, and drying to achieve performance that meets the requirements of the transformer. Compared with traditional mineral oil, plant-based transformer oil comes from renewable resources, has better environmental protection, less pollution to the environment, and can also reduce carbon emissions. Plant-based transformer oil has a higher flash point and ignition point, which reduces the risk of fire and explosion, and is safer and more reliable during operation. The insulation performance of plant-based transformer oil is better than that of mineral oil, which can effectively reduce problems such as insulating oil aging and extend the service life of the equipment.
[0003] Decolorization technology, alkali refining technology and compounding technology are key technologies for the production of plant-based transformer oil. Among them, decolorization technology is to adsorb impurity ions, impurity colloids, solid particles, pigments, etc. in vegetable oil through composite adsorbents to improve the loss factor of plant-based transformer oil and reduce its chromaticity. There are certain free fatty acids in vegetable oil. The fatty acid molecules are unstable and easily dissociated, which affects the electrical properties of vegetable oil. Alkali refining technology uses the difference between free fatty acids and glycerides in saponification reactions to alkali refine oils and fats, thereby achieving the purpose of removing free fatty acids. The structure of vegetable oil contains unsaturated double bonds, which are easily reacted with oxygen to acidify, polymerize, etc. during the application process, reducing the dielectric properties of vegetable oil. Therefore, a certain amount of antioxidants must be added to enhance its antioxidant capacity. Compounding technology is used to maximize the oxidative stability of vegetable oil so that it can maintain stable performance during use. Summary of the invention
[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a plant-based transformer oil with good environmental protection, high safety, good electrical performance and high oxidation stability and a preparation method thereof.
[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:
[0006] The first object of the present invention is to provide a plant-based transformer oil comprising the following components in percentage by weight:
[0007]
[0008] The modified vegetable oil is prepared by a hydrosilylation reaction of refined vegetable oil and hexamethyldisilazane under the action of a catalyst.
[0009] A second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing plant-based transformer oil, comprising the following steps:
[0010] (1) adding hexamethyldisilazane and a catalyst to refined vegetable oil, heating the oil for reaction, filtering the oil, and obtaining modified vegetable oil;
[0011] (2) adding an antioxidant, a rust inhibitor, a pour point depressant and a pour point depressant to the modified vegetable oil, mixing them evenly, and obtaining a plant-based transformer oil.
[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the plant-based transformer oil provided by the present invention is prepared by using refined vegetable oil as a main raw material, through chemical modification of the refined vegetable oil and the addition of additives such as antioxidants; the plant-based transformer oil not only retains the advantages of the vegetable oil itself, such as high ignition point, degradability, sustainability, and good electrical properties, but also can improve the oxidation stability and insulation properties of the vegetable oil. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0013] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
[0014] The present invention provides a plant-based transformer oil, comprising the following components in percentage by weight:
[0015]
[0016]
[0017] The modified vegetable oil is prepared by a hydrosilylation reaction of refined vegetable oil and hexamethyldisilazane under the action of a catalyst.
[0018] In a further technical solution, the mass ratio of the refined vegetable oil to hexamethyldisilazane is 100:(50-100).
[0019] In a further technical solution, the catalyst includes but is not limited to at least one of a platinum catalyst, a palladium catalyst, and a rhodium catalyst. Preferably, the catalyst is chloroplatinic acid.
[0020] In a further technical solution, the amount of the catalyst used is 0.1 to 1% of the total mass of the refined vegetable oil and hexamethyldisilazane.
[0021] Under the action of the catalyst, the unsaturated double bonds in the vegetable oil molecular chain undergo a hydrosilylation reaction with the silicon-hydrogen bonds in hexamethyldisilazane, achieving chemical modification of the vegetable oil. The introduction of -Si-N-Si- bonds into the vegetable oil molecular chain can significantly improve the oxidative stability and insulation of the vegetable oil.
[0022] In a further technical solution, the refined vegetable oil includes but is not limited to at least one of refined cottonseed oil, refined rapeseed oil, refined sunflower oil, refined soybean oil, refined corn oil, refined peanut oil, refined linseed oil, refined palm oil, and refined olive oil. Using refined vegetable oil as a raw material can avoid the adverse effects of impurities on the transparency, stability, and use effect of transformer oil.
[0023] In a further technical solution, the antioxidant is a phenolic antioxidant, including but not limited to at least one of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol. Adding an antioxidant is a physical means to improve the oxidative stability of vegetable oils, and in conjunction with chemical modification means, it can better solve the problem of easy oxidation and deterioration of vegetable oils.
[0024] In a further technical solution, the rust inhibitor is benzotriazole. The benzotriazole molecules can be directionally adsorbed on the metal surface to form a stable protective film, which can resist the erosion of the metal surface by corrosive media such as water and oxygen.
[0025] In a further technical solution, the pour point depressant is at least one of poly-α-olefin, polymethacrylate, and alkyl naphthalene. The pour point depressant is used to reduce the freezing point of transformer oil and improve the fluidity of transformer oil in a low temperature environment.
[0026] In a further technical solution, the anti-foaming agent is polydimethylsiloxane. The presence of foam will affect the heat dissipation effect of transformer oil, causing local high temperature, accelerating the oxidation and deterioration of transformer oil, and shortening the service life of transformer oil.
[0027] The present invention also provides a method for preparing plant-based transformer oil, comprising the following steps:
[0028] (1) adding hexamethyldisilazane and a catalyst to refined vegetable oil, heating the oil for reaction, filtering the oil, and obtaining modified vegetable oil;
[0029] (2) adding an antioxidant, a rust inhibitor, a pour point depressant and a pour point depressant to the modified vegetable oil, mixing them evenly, and obtaining a plant-based transformer oil.
[0030] In a further technical solution, the preparation of the modified vegetable oil is carried out with the assistance of ultrasound, which can promote the blending compatibility of the refined vegetable oil and hexamethyldisilazane and accelerate the reaction process.
[0031] The raw materials in the following examples and comparative examples are described:
[0032] Refined rapeseed oil, refined corn oil, and refined soybean oil were purchased from Arowana;
[0033] The antifoaming agent polydimethylsiloxane was purchased from Nanjing Danpei Chemical Co., Ltd.;
[0034] Poly-α-olefin was purchased from Guangdong Ruishengyan Chemical Technology Co., Ltd. T803B;
[0035] Polymethacrylate was purchased from Shijiazhuang Donghang Lubricant Additives Co., Ltd.
[0036] Example 1
[0037] Preparation of modified vegetable oil:
[0038] Add 50 g of hexamethyldisilazane and 0.75 g of chloroplatinic acid to 100 g of refined rapeseed oil, heat to 80° C. and perform ultrasonic reaction for 5 h, filter, and recover toluene by vacuum distillation after the reaction to obtain modified vegetable oil.
[0039] Example 2
[0040] Preparation of modified vegetable oil:
[0041] 80 g of hexamethyldisilazane and 1 g of chloroplatinic acid were added to 100 g of refined rapeseed oil, the temperature was raised to 90° C. and ultrasonic reaction was performed for 4 h, and the mixture was filtered. After the reaction was completed, toluene was recovered by vacuum distillation to obtain modified vegetable oil.
[0042] Example 3
[0043] Preparation of modified vegetable oil:
[0044] Add 100 g of hexamethyldisilazane and 1 g of chloroplatinic acid to 100 g of refined rapeseed oil, heat to 100° C. and perform ultrasonic reaction for 5 h. Filter and recover toluene by vacuum distillation after the reaction to obtain modified vegetable oil.
[0045] Example 4
[0046] Preparation of modified vegetable oil:
[0047] 80 g of hexamethyldisilazane and 1 g of chloroplatinic acid were added to 100 g of refined corn oil, the temperature was raised to 90° C. and ultrasonic reaction was performed for 3 h, and the mixture was filtered. After the reaction was completed, toluene was recovered by vacuum distillation to obtain modified vegetable oil.
[0048] Example 5
[0049] Preparation of modified vegetable oil:
[0050] 80 g of hexamethyldisilazane and 1 g of chloroplatinic acid were added to 100 g of refined soybean oil, the temperature was raised to 90° C. and ultrasonic reaction was performed for 4 h, and the mixture was filtered. After the reaction was completed, toluene was recovered by vacuum distillation to obtain modified vegetable oil.
[0051] Comparative Example 1
[0052] Comparative Example 1 is just a case where the hexamethyldisilazane in Example 5 is replaced by silyl-terminated dimethyltetrasiloxane.
[0053] Preparation of modified vegetable oil:
[0054] To 100 g of refined soybean oil, add 80 g of silyl-terminated dimethyltetrasiloxane and 1 g of chloroplatinic acid, heat to 90° C. and react by ultrasonication for 4 h, filter, and after the reaction is completed, recover toluene by vacuum distillation to obtain modified vegetable oil.
[0055] Example 6
[0056] Preparation of plant-based transformer oil:
[0057] 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, benzotriazole, poly-α-olefin and polydimethylsiloxane were added to the modified vegetable oil prepared in Example 1, and mixed evenly to obtain a plant-based transformer oil, wherein 0.5% of 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, 0.5% of benzotriazole, 0.4% of poly-α-olefin, 0.3% of polydimethylsiloxane, and the rest of the modified vegetable oil were calculated based on the weight percentage of each component in the plant-based transformer oil.
[0058] Example 7
[0059] Preparation of plant-based transformer oil:
[0060] 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, benzotriazole, poly-α-olefin and polydimethylsiloxane were added to the modified vegetable oil prepared in Example 1, and mixed evenly to obtain a plant-based transformer oil. Among them, 0.8% of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, 0.5% of benzotriazole, 0.5% of poly-α-olefin, 0.3% of polydimethylsiloxane, and the rest was modified vegetable oil, calculated by weight percentage of each component in the plant-based transformer oil.
[0061] Example 8
[0062] Preparation of plant-based transformer oil:
[0063] 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, benzotriazole, polymethacrylate and polydimethylsiloxane were added to the modified vegetable oil prepared in Example 1, and mixed evenly to obtain plant-based transformer oil. Among them, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol 1%, benzotriazole 0.5%, polymethacrylate 0.3%, polydimethylsiloxane 0.3%, and the rest was modified vegetable oil, calculated by weight percentage of each component in the plant-based transformer oil.
[0064] Example 9
[0065] Preparation of plant-based transformer oil:
[0066] 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, benzotriazole, poly-α-olefin and polydimethylsiloxane were added to the modified vegetable oil prepared in Example 2, and mixed evenly to obtain a plant-based transformer oil. Among them, 0.8% of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, 0.5% of benzotriazole, 0.5% of poly-α-olefin, 0.3% of polydimethylsiloxane, and the rest was modified vegetable oil, calculated by weight percentage of each component in the plant-based transformer oil.
[0067] Example 10
[0068] Preparation of plant-based transformer oil:
[0069] 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, benzotriazole, poly-α-olefin and polydimethylsiloxane were added to the modified vegetable oil prepared in Example 3, and mixed evenly to obtain a plant-based transformer oil. Among them, 0.8% of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, 0.5% of benzotriazole, 0.5% of poly-α-olefin, 0.3% of polydimethylsiloxane, and the rest was modified vegetable oil, calculated by weight percentage of each component in the plant-based transformer oil.
[0070] Embodiment 11
[0071] Preparation of plant-based transformer oil:
[0072] 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, benzotriazole, poly-α-olefin and polydimethylsiloxane were added to the modified vegetable oil prepared in Example 4, and mixed evenly to obtain a plant-based transformer oil. Among them, 0.8% of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, 0.5% of benzotriazole, 0.5% of poly-α-olefin, 0.3% of polydimethylsiloxane, and the rest was modified vegetable oil, calculated by weight percentage of each component in the plant-based transformer oil.
[0073] Example 12
[0074] 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, benzotriazole, poly-α-olefin and polydimethylsiloxane were added to the modified vegetable oil prepared in Example 5, and mixed evenly to obtain a plant-based transformer oil. Among them, 0.8% of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, 0.5% of benzotriazole, 0.5% of poly-α-olefin, 0.3% of polydimethylsiloxane, and the rest was modified vegetable oil, calculated by weight percentage of each component in the plant-based transformer oil.
[0075] Comparative Example 2
[0076] Add 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, benzotriazole, poly-α-olefin and polydimethylsiloxane to the modified vegetable oil prepared in Comparative Example 1, mix well, and obtain plant-based transformer oil. Among them, 0.8% of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, 0.5% of benzotriazole, 0.5% of poly-α-olefin, 0.3% of polydimethylsiloxane, and the rest is modified vegetable oil, calculated by weight percentage of each component in the plant-based transformer oil.
[0077] The plant-based transformer oils prepared in Examples 6 to 12 and Comparative Example 2 were tested for oxidation stability and insulation properties according to GB 2536-90 "Transformer Oil". The results are shown in Table 1.
[0078] Table 1 Oxidation stability and insulation test results of plant-based transformer oil
[0079]
[0080] As can be seen from Table 1, the plant-based transformer oils prepared in Examples 6 to 12 have better oxidation stability and insulation. Therefore, compared with the prior art using siloxane terminated with silicon hydrogen as a modifier, the present invention can significantly improve the oxidation stability and insulation of the vegetable oil by chemically modifying the vegetable oil with hexamethyldisilazane. The possible reason is that the introduction of -Si-N-Si- bonds in the molecular chain of the vegetable oil is more conducive to improving the oxidation stability and insulation of the vegetable oil.
[0081] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A plant-based transformer oil, characterized in that: The composition includes the following weight percentages: The rest is modified vegetable oil; The modified vegetable oil is prepared by a hydrosilylation reaction of refined vegetable oil and hexamethyldisilazane under the action of a catalyst.
2. The plant-based transformer oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the refined vegetable oil to hexamethyldisilazane is 100:(50-100).
3. The plant-based transformer oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The catalyst is selected from at least one of a platinum catalyst, a palladium catalyst and a rhodium catalyst.
4. The plant-based transformer oil according to claim 3, characterized in that: The catalyst is chloroplatinic acid.
5. The plant-based transformer oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refined vegetable oil is selected from at least one of refined cottonseed oil, refined rapeseed oil, refined sunflower oil, refined soybean oil, refined corn oil, refined peanut oil, refined linseed oil, refined palm oil and refined olive oil.
6. The plant-based transformer oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antioxidant is a phenolic antioxidant, selected from at least one of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol.
7. The plant-based transformer oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rust inhibitor is benzotriazole.
8. The plant-based transformer oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pour point depressant is at least one of poly-α-olefin, polymethacrylate and alkyl naphthalene.
9. The plant-based transformer oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-foaming agent is polydimethylsiloxane.
10. The method for preparing the plant-based transformer oil according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) adding hexamethyldisilazane and a catalyst to refined vegetable oil, heating the oil for reaction, filtering the oil, and obtaining modified vegetable oil; (2) adding an antioxidant, a rust inhibitor, a pour point depressant and a pour point depressant to the modified vegetable oil, mixing them evenly, and obtaining a plant-based transformer oil.