Sound barrier unit plate containing novel membrane structure sound absorption assembly
By adopting new membrane structure sound absorption components in the sound barrier, and using environmentally friendly metal materials and plastic films, the problems of environmental pollution and performance degradation of traditional sound absorption materials are solved, and efficient and environmentally friendly sound absorption effects are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202311252699.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-09-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-28
AI Technical Summary
The sound-absorbing materials such as glass wool and rock wool in existing sound barriers have problems of environmental pollution and material performance degradation during production and use, which is difficult to meet the needs of environmental protection and efficient sound absorption.
A sound barrier unit plate containing a new membrane structure sound absorption component was designed, and environmentally friendly metal materials and plastic films were used to replace traditional materials. The combined structure includes microporous plate layer and film layer to improve sound absorption effect by optimizing structure and material selection.
It realizes the use of environmentally friendly and easy-to-get materials, reduces environmental pollution, improves sound absorption coefficient, is cheap and easy to make and replace, and has broad application prospects.
Smart Images
Figure CN119711378A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to a noise protection device, in particular to a sound barrier unit plate containing a novel membrane structure sound absorption component. Background Art
[0002] A sound barrier is a facility inserted between the sound source and the receiver, which makes the sound wave propagation have a significant additional attenuation, thereby reducing the noise impact in a certain area where the receiver is located. It is divided into traffic sound barriers, equipment noise attenuation sound barriers, industrial plant boundary sound barriers, and highways and expressways are the places where various types of sound barriers are used most.
[0003] According to the material, sound barriers can generally be divided into metal sound barriers, non-metallic sound barriers and transparent sound barriers. Metal sound barriers and non-metallic sound barriers generally include an outer shell and a sound-absorbing lining arranged in the outer shell. Existing sound-absorbing linings are generally made of glass wool, rock wool or melamine, but the production process of glass wool and rock wool is very harmful to the human body. The material itself will also be powdered over time due to the influence of moisture and heat during use. The powdered particles and fibers also cause great pollution to the environment. Therefore, how to design and find a sound barrier containing sound-absorbing components that are environmentally friendly, have a high sound absorption coefficient and good sound absorption effect has become a technical problem that needs to be solved in the industry. Summary of the invention
[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a sound barrier unit panel containing a novel membrane structure sound absorbing component.
[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is: a sound barrier unit panel containing a new membrane structure sound absorbing component, which includes an outer shell and a sound absorbing component located in the outer shell, the outer shell includes a panel provided with sound-transmitting holes, a back panel and an upper side panel and a lower side panel connecting the panel and the back panel, the sound absorbing component is embedded between the upper side panel and the lower side panel, the sound absorbing component includes a microporous plate layer and a thin film layer, and the thin film layer is arranged on one side of the microporous plate layer.
[0006] Preferably, the microporous plate layer is embedded between the upper plate and the lower plate, the periphery of the film layer is fixed by a frame and embedded between the upper plate and the lower plate, and the spacing between the film layer and the microporous plate layer is greater than 1 cm.
[0007] Preferably, the microporous plate layer is close to the panel side, the film layer is close to the back panel side, the distance between the microporous plate layer and the panel is 5~100mm, the distance between the film layer and the back panel is 30~50mm, and the microporous plate is a non-planar structure with a raised middle part, and the raised part faces the panel.
[0008] Preferably, the film has a double-layer structure, the microporous plate is arranged between the panel and the film, and the distance between the double-layer films is 5 to 50 mm.
[0009] Preferably, the film is a double-layer structure, and the microporous plate is arranged between the double-layer films.
[0010] Preferably, the microporous plate is composed of two or more microporous plate segments spliced together.
[0011] Preferably, the microporous plate is composed of three microporous plate segments, and at least two of the microporous plate segments have unequal heights.
[0012] Preferably, the cavity formed between the microporous plate layer and the film layer is a variable cross-section cavity, and the variable cross-section cavity comprises one or more gradual structural units that are narrow at both ends and wide in the middle or wide at both ends and narrow in the middle.
[0013] Preferably, the thickness of the microporous plate layer is 0.5-1.5 mm, and the thickness of the film layer is 20-50 μm.
[0014] Preferably, micropores are provided on the film layer, and the film material is one or two of PE, PVC, PP, and PVF.
[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the sound barrier unit panel containing the novel membrane structure sound-absorbing component provided by the present invention adopts a novel sound-absorbing lining, which uses environmentally friendly metal materials and plastic films to replace existing materials with greater environmental pollution, such as glass wool and rock wool, which not only solves the environmental pollution problem of existing sound-absorbing materials, but also has readily available raw materials, easy production, simple replacement, low cost and high sound absorption coefficient, and has broad application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 An exploded view of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A and B are schematic cross-sectional views of two embodiments of the present invention.
[0017] Figure 3 ABCDEFG is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of Embodiment 7 of the present invention. Implementation
[0018] The embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0019] like Figure 1 , 2As shown in Figure 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a sound barrier unit plate containing a novel membrane structure sound absorption component. The sound barrier unit plate includes a shell and a sound absorption component arranged in the shell. The shell can be a metal shell or a non-metal shell. The non-metal shell is generally a cement shell or a plastic shell. The metal shell is generally formed by bending and buckling aluminum plates. The shell includes a panel provided with sound-permeable holes, a back plate, and an upper side plate and a lower side plate connecting the panel and the back plate. The sound absorption component is clamped between the upper side plate and the lower side plate. The sound absorption component includes a microporous plate layer and a film layer. The microporous plate layer material can be made of metal material or non-metallic material. The metal material is generally made of aluminum microporous plate and stainless steel microporous plate made of materials such as aluminum and stainless steel. The thickness of the metal microporous plate layer is generally set to between 0.5 mm and 1.2 mm. Different thicknesses are selected according to different materials. The thickness of the aluminum microporous plate is generally selected to be between 0.8 and 1.2 mm, and the thickness of the stainless steel microporous plate is selected to be between 0.5 and 0.8 mm. The microporous plate of non-metallic material is generally selected to be a microporous plate made of hard plastic. The microporous plate layer and the film layer are arranged front and back, the microporous plate layer is close to the panel side, the distance between the microporous plate and the panel is 5~100mm, the film layer is close to the back plate side, the distance between the film layer and the back plate is 30~50mm. According to experimental tests, when the film is 40mm away from the back plate, its sound absorption coefficient is the highest. The film layer is arranged parallel or approximately parallel to the back side of the microporous plate layer, and the minimum spacing between the film layer and the microporous plate layer is 20mm. As another structural option, the positions of the microporous plate and the film can also be interchanged. In order to achieve the upper and lower coordination of the sound barrier unit plate, a protrusion is arranged on the upper side plate, and a groove matching with the above-mentioned protrusion is arranged on the lower side plate. In order to prevent the microporous plate from shifting, the upper and lower ends of the microporous plate are provided with bending parts matching with the above-mentioned protrusion and groove. When assembled, the microporous plate is embedded between the upper side plate and the lower side plate, and the bending parts respectively fit the above-mentioned protrusion and groove to form a non-rigid connection structure. In order to fix the film and ensure that the film is in a flat plane and will not shift, the periphery of the film is fixed by a frame and embedded between the upper side plate and the lower side plate. The film is selected from one or two of PE, PVC, PP, and PVF. The thickness of the film is 20~50um. In order to increase the resonance frequency and improve the sound absorption coefficient, micropores are arranged on the film, and the opening rate of the film is 2~5%.
[0020] The sound absorption frequency band of the film resonance sound absorption structure is medium and low frequency, and the sound absorption frequency band of the microporous metal plate is medium and high frequency. Therefore, the sound absorption frequency bands of the above-mentioned microporous metal plate and film combination structure are used. The sound absorption frequency bands of the two complement each other to improve the overall noise reduction coefficient. Compared with the single-layer microporous plate, the sound absorption coefficient is improved by 5%~10%. The film is preferably a microporous film. The microporous film is smaller than the microporous metal plate. The micropores on the film have a viscous effect on the air, so that the microporous film itself has sufficient sound resistance and sufficiently low mass resistance, thereby enhancing the sound absorption capacity of the film.
[0021] The microporous plate can be a planar microporous plate. In order to increase the noise reduction bandwidth and the sound absorption coefficient, the microporous plate can also be set to a non-planar microporous plate. For example, the microporous plate has a non-planar structure with a convex middle part. The convexity can be a bent convexity or an arc-shaped convexity, and the convex part faces the panel.
[0022] When the microporous plate is a microporous plate made of metal material, specifically an aluminum material microporous plate, in order to further reduce noise and increase the low-frequency sound absorption coefficient, the microporous plate is composed of two or more microporous plate segments spliced together. Specifically, the microporous plate is composed of three microporous plate segments spliced together, and the heights of at least two microporous plate segments are unequal. The height ratio relationship between the microporous plate segments can be adjusted according to actual conditions. In one embodiment, Figure 2 B. Figure 3 As shown in A, the microporous plate is formed by splicing three microporous plate segments, the upper microporous plate segment and the lower microporous plate segment are both shorter than the middle microporous plate segment, and the upper, middle and lower microporous plate segments are located on the same plane to form a whole microporous plate. As another splicing method, the microporous plate can also be spliced by two microporous plate segments, the heights of the upper microporous plate segment and the lower microporous plate segment are not the same, the microporous plate segments are fixedly connected or bonded by screws, and the height ratio of each microporous plate segment can be changed. The sound absorption coefficient of the separated double microporous plate structure composed of the above-mentioned segmented microporous plates is increased by more than 10% compared with the sound absorption coefficient of the integrated double microporous plate sound absorption structure composed of a whole microporous plate. From the perspective of acoustic theory, the microporous plate itself has the ability of mechanical resonance. The double microporous plates, the front plate and the back plate together constitute a thin plate resonance structure. The microporous plates in the integrated double microporous plate sound absorption structure are rigidly connected to the front plate and the back plate, so that the resonance frequency of the two microporous plates is equal to the resonance frequency of the front plate and the back plate, the sound absorption frequency domain is narrow, and the sound absorption coefficient is relatively low. The separated double microporous plate structure has four or six microporous plate segments of different sizes inside. The different sizes, that is, different masses, so the vibration frequencies are also different. These six or four microporous plates broaden the sound absorption frequency domain, so that the sound absorption capacity of the separated double microporous plate sound absorption structure is better than that of the integrated double microporous plate sound absorption structure.
[0023] In order to further improve the sound absorption coefficient, the cavity formed between the microporous plate and the film is a variable cross-section cavity, which includes one or more gradient structural units that are narrow at both ends and wide in the middle or wide at both ends and narrow in the middle. Specifically, Figure 3 As shown in A, B, C, D, and E, the variable cross-section cavity is a cavity structure formed by a microporous plate with a non-planar structure and a film. The microporous plate with a non-planar structure is a structure with a convex middle portion, and the convex portion faces the panel, or the microporous plate with a non-planar structure includes several convex structural units, and the convexity is wedge-shaped or arc-shaped.
[0024] Preferably, in order to further improve the resonant sound absorption coefficient and avoid the reduction of the sound absorption coefficient due to structural damage such as accidental tearing or large holes in the film, the film is set to a double-layer structure, and the two layers of film are fixed on the frame. The spacing between the two layers of film can be selected to be between 0 and 10 cm, and micropores can be set on the film. In this specific embodiment, the opening rate is 3.5%. Micropores can be set on only one layer of film, or on both layers of film at the same time. In order to prevent the film from sticking, the films can also be separated by partitions. The partitions can be honeycomb partitions with sound absorption and noise reduction effects. Because the double-layer film and the single-layer film are both resonant sound absorption structures, the double-layer film has a larger resonance body area on both sides than the single-layer film, and its sound absorption coefficient is higher than that of the single-layer film, especially in the medium and low frequency regions. Specifically, it was found in the test that the sound absorption coefficient at 125Hz and 500Hz were improved by 25% to 30%. As other embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown in F and G, the film is arranged as a double-layer structure, and the microporous plate is arranged between the two layers of the film. The microporous plate can be a flat plate or a non-flat plate, such as a plate with a wedge-shaped or arc-shaped protrusion. One protrusion can be arranged, or several protrusions can be arranged. The above structure can be achieved by bending the plate. Experiments have shown that the low-frequency sound absorption effect of the microporous plate containing several wedge-shaped protrusions is better than that of the microporous plate structure containing one wedge-shaped protrusion.
[0025] The embodiments described above are only one or several preferred specific implementations of the present invention. Common changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A sound barrier unit panel containing a novel membrane structure sound absorbing component, comprising a shell and a sound absorbing component located in the shell, wherein the shell comprises a panel provided with sound-permeable holes, a back panel, and an upper side panel and a lower side panel connecting the panel and the back panel, wherein the sound absorbing component is embedded between the upper side panel and the lower side panel, and characterized in that: The sound absorbing component comprises a microporous plate layer and a film layer, wherein the film layer is arranged on one side of the microporous plate layer.
2. The sound barrier unit plate containing the novel membrane structure sound absorbing component according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The microporous plate layer is embedded between the upper side plate and the lower side plate, the periphery of the film layer is fixed by a frame and embedded between the upper side plate and the lower side plate, and the spacing between the film layer and the microporous plate layer is greater than 1 cm.
3. The sound barrier unit plate containing the novel membrane structure sound absorbing component according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The microporous plate layer is close to the panel side, the film layer is close to the back panel side, the distance between the microporous plate layer and the panel is 5~100mm, the distance between the film layer and the back panel is 30~50mm, and the microporous plate is a non-planar structure with a raised middle part, and the raised part faces the panel.
4. The sound barrier unit plate containing the novel membrane structure sound absorbing component according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The film has a double-layer structure, the microporous plate is arranged between the panel and the film, and the distance between the double-layer films is 5-50 mm.
5. The sound barrier unit plate containing the novel membrane structure sound absorbing component according to claim 2, characterized in that: The film is a double-layer structure, and the microporous plate is arranged between the double-layer films.
6. The sound barrier unit plate containing the novel membrane structure sound absorbing component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microporous plate is composed of two or more microporous plate segments spliced together.
7. The sound barrier unit plate containing the novel membrane structure sound absorbing component according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The microporous plate is composed of three microporous plate segments, and at least two of the microporous plate segments have unequal heights.
8. The sound barrier unit plate containing the novel membrane structure sound absorbing component according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The cavity formed between the microporous plate layer and the film layer is a variable cross-section cavity, and the variable cross-section cavity includes one or more gradual structural units that are narrow at both ends and wide in the middle or wide at both ends and narrow in the middle.
9. The sound barrier unit plate containing the novel membrane structure sound absorbing component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the microporous plate layer is 0.5-1.5 mm, and the thickness of the film layer is 20-50 μm.
10. The sound barrier unit plate containing the novel membrane structure sound absorbing component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The film layer is provided with micropores, and the film material is one or two of PE, PVC, PP, and PVF.